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WOOK (AM)

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channel 14 took to the air on March 5, 1963. Channel 14 was, like WOOK radio, primarily oriented at an African-American audience; it became WFAN-TV in 1968. The station ceased broadcasting on February 12, 1972, as United faced mounting legal challenges to its various licenses and consequent financial
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Hearings for WOOK stretched until September 1975, when the FCC denied its license renewal but did not resolve the Washington Community Broadcasting application status so that the group could cure financial deficiencies in its application. Eaton defended WOOK, saying the FCC's principal witness was a
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set to take over the 1340 frequency, called the switch a "flimflam" and rued it was out of their control. However, as April 22, 1978—the final day of broadcasting for the WFAN license—loomed, Hispanic leaders in metropolitan Washington were left to evaluate their options; they attempted to purchase
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When it became clear that 1340's license was doomed, Eaton opted to sacrifice the Spanish-language programming airing at 100.3 FM to move WOOK's intellectual unit there. On December 24, 1976, WOOK became WFAN and the FM station became WOOK. Attorneys for Washington Community Broadcasting, the group
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designated Washington Community's challenges alongside WOOK's and WFAN-TV's license renewals for hearing. For WOOK radio, the FCC's questions revolved around the broadcast of false advertisements; the group also charged that WOOK was used in a numbers racket using fake Bible citations read over the
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WOOK, both on 1590 before 1951 and on 1340 thereafter, broke ground in Washington radio. While Eaton had initially intended to make WOOK a talk outlet, the African-American printer of Eaton's suburban newspapers suggested that he cover Washington's growing Black population. It was just the second
179:, United States, from 1940 to 1978. Owned by Richard Eaton's United Broadcasting, the station was known for its programming for the African-American community in the Washington metropolitan area; before that, in the 1940s, it was an independent station owned for several years by the 374:
Early in 1966, the FCC renewed WOOK's license but assessed a $ 7,500 fine for various technical violations. However, United's troubles deepened when, on August 31, a competing application was filed for the 1340 frequency by Washington Community Broadcasting. In 1969, the
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in 1975 for an illegal numbers racket. In 1976, with the station's fate nearly sealed, WOOK became Spanish-language WFAN, in a format swap that allowed the Black-formatted WOOK intellectual property to stay alive. WFAN ceased operating on April 22, 1978; on August 15,
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reverses. United asked the FCC to keep the WFAN-TV license active while it tried to sell it. Still, because United itself had no intention of restoring service, the stations' licenses were deleted in 1974 after United was ordered to return them to air itself.
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and the 7th verse", when 782 had been the winning number in the local undercover lottery on May 26. That same minister had previously promised to send listeners a "Bible scripture that is a sure blessing" in exchange for $ 2.
295:(100.3 FM), bought WINX from the Banks Independent Broadcasting Company for $ 115,000. WOOK, established in 1947, was Eaton's first radio station; Eaton had previously been a commentator with WINX and then with the 233:
had previously granted a construction permit to attorney Lawrence J. Heller on February 13, including a 50-watt synchronous amplifier to give the station full metropolitan coverage. The amplifier was located at
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disgruntled former employee and a convicted felon. It would not be until August 24, 1976, that Washington Community Broadcasting Company's ten-year-old competing application for the 1340 frequency was granted.
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The success of WOOK as the radio station for black Washington led Eaton to expand into television. In 1962, WOOK moved into a new, purpose-built radio and television studio at 5321 1st Place NE, and
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guidelines was not part of the Washington metropolitan area—on 1600 kHz. Additionally, Eaton switched the two stations' call letters, resulting in WOOK as the new 1340 in Washington, D.C., and
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air by ministers who bought air time on the station. In one program, broadcast over WOOK on June 8, 1969, a preacher was cited as saying, "I know the Lord blessed through the
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acquired WINX in 1944 for $ 500,000; it was the highest price ever paid for a "local" radio station like WINX that broadcast with 250 watts. The
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asked the FCC to reconsider approving the WINX-WOOK swap because United's non-union staff had replaced the former WINX's union technicians.
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In 1956, WOOK relocated its transmitter to several lots purchased by Eaton in the Chillum Castle Manor subdivision, at 1st Place, NE.
411: 2843: 271:; the deal would require the newspaper to sell WINX and its two boosters but allowed CBS to gain full ownership of an outlet in 407: 2647: 2811: 299:. In order to retain both stations and meet multiple ownership rules, the Silver Spring station license was relocated to 2836: 2831: 327:, who had started his career at WINX with a show titled "The Bronze Review" and was laughed at when he proposed to the 376: 230: 197: 1233: 1339: 2783: 1262: 1204: 1148: 1119: 1090: 1061: 1032: 1003: 974: 812: 783: 702: 673: 644: 586: 557: 531: 502: 338:, launched the first regular African American-hosted program in Washington over WOOK (when it was at 1590). 2768: 1359: 1324: 242:
came into effect. In 1942, Heller sold minority stakes in WINX to Richard K. Lyon and Herbert M. Bratter.
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In 1951, Richard Eaton, whose United Broadcasting Company owned radio station WOOK (1590 kHz) in
2816: 2773: 2688: 2642: 1332: 2796: 2778: 144: 2698: 1713: 288: 2708: 2703: 1675: 275:. William Banks, owner of Philadelphia station WHAT, bought WINX AM for $ 130,000 in 1949; the 2577: 2748: 2662: 960: 403: 335: 2667: 2545: 1980: 8: 2693: 300: 235: 222: 2317: 2312: 2307: 1905: 1900: 1895: 1205:"FCC denies renewal to Eaton's WOOK, adding another jeopardy to woes of broadcast group" 1800: 320: 229:
WINX went on the air in 1940 at 1310 kHz as Washington's fifth radio station. The
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owned the station until 1948, when it contracted to buy a majority share in
2341: 1935: 877:"WOOK-TV TELEVISION PRODUCTION FACILITY: PROPERTY HISTORY AND EVALUATION" 732:"Richard Eaton, Pioneer in Black Radio With Station WOOK, Dies at Age 81" 324: 2652: 2743: 2733: 2604: 2572: 2557: 2550: 2535: 2488: 2380: 2375: 2368: 2353: 2275: 2270: 2260: 2208: 2198: 2186: 2169: 2075: 2055: 2025: 2005: 1985: 1955: 1950: 1910: 1855: 1850: 1620: 1590: 1550: 1535: 1496: 1491: 1476: 1436: 1396: 1391: 1386: 414:—which would have run the station as a Spanish-language outlet—moot. 53: 2329: 1875: 2498: 2461: 2432: 2390: 1995: 1965: 1865: 1825: 1471: 381: 255:
also got into the early days of FM radio when it acquired station
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channel 14, later WFAN-TV), had its license revoked by the
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acquired the station, rendering the backup offer from the
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such station aimed at a Black audience, after WDIA in
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as the station at 1600 in Rockville. The local of the
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After WFAN left the air, the new station at 1340 AM,
259:, later WINX-FM, from Jansky and Bailey in 1945. The 238:. The station relocated the next year to 1340 when 952: 764:. Associated Press. February 21, 1966. p. B-2 2887: 1033:"Eaton told to light up two U's now off the air" 842:"Richard Eaton: colorful past, colorful present" 758:"Wartime refugee set to buy Honolulu TV station" 313:International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers 1340: 392: 16:Radio station in Washington, D.C. (1940–1978) 2921:African-American history of Washington, D.C. 645:"WTOP-KQW: CBS Sells 55% D. C.; Planning TV" 2926:Defunct radio stations in the United States 870: 868: 866: 291:, and newly signed on Washington FM outlet 2916:1978 disestablishments in Washington, D.C. 2906:1940 disestablishments in Washington, D.C. 2827:List of radio stations in Washington, D.C. 1347: 1333: 874: 813:"WINX Transfer: IBEW Asks Reconsideration" 171:was a radio station that operated on 1340 442: 440: 438: 436: 434: 323:, which then had an all-white air staff. 1083: 863: 587:"Seven Station Transfers Granted By FCC" 412:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Washington 217: 1301: 1004:"FCC lifts licenses of two Eaton UHF's" 975:"Another leg goes out from under Eaton" 875:Sparinberg, Jennifer (April 18, 2013). 2931:Defunct mass media in Washington, D.C. 2888: 1062:"Examiner wants fine for Eaton's WOOK" 950: 447:Dickey, Christopher (April 20, 1978). 446: 431: 408:University of the District of Columbia 2911:Radio stations disestablished in 1978 1328: 1295: 1214:. September 15, 1975. pp. 30, 32 1176: 955:Voice Over: The Making of Black Radio 532:"Station WINX To Operate From Campus" 205:began broadcasting on its frequency. 1100:. September 5, 1966. pp. 49, 52 363: 282: 1291:FCC History Cards for WOOK FM 100.3 1177:Jones, William H. (June 24, 1969). 1112: 959:. Temple University Press. p.  503:"Washington Given New Local Outlet" 188:WOOK, which spawned an FM station ( 13: 2901:Radio stations established in 1940 2896:Radio stations in Washington, D.C. 2837:List of radio stations in Maryland 2832:List of radio stations in Virginia 2724:WHFS (102.3 FM, 99.1 FM, 105.7 FM) 1304:"Eight Resignations At WYCB Radio" 1149:"Was WOOK used in numbers racket?" 14: 2942: 1302:Shirley, Don (October 21, 1978). 703:"Transfers: Bids Filed; FCC Acts" 421:, began operations on August 15. 406:was selling at the time, but the 377:Federal Communications Commission 231:Federal Communications Commission 198:Federal Communications Commission 712:. November 12, 1951. p. 105 654:. May 24, 1948. pp. 27, 105 2874:Audio from channel 6 TV station 1284: 1272:. September 6, 1976. p. 60 1255: 1243:. September 26, 1975. p. 1 1226: 1197: 1170: 1158:. June 30, 1969. pp. 61–62 1141: 1054: 1025: 996: 984:. February 14, 1972. p. 42 967: 944: 918: 893: 834: 805: 776: 750: 724: 695: 512:. February 15, 1940. p. 12 2844:Mass media in Washington, D.C. 1185:. Washington Post. p. A-2 1120:"Hearing set on D.C. stations" 793:. November 12, 1951. p. 6 683:. January 24, 1949. p. 50 666: 637: 608: 579: 550: 524: 495: 466: 225:at the WINX microphone in 1940 1: 1829:by frequency & subchannel 1091:"Three-way fight for WOOK-TV" 926:"Dee Cee DJ Now on N. Y. Air" 538:. October 15, 1940. p. 1 424: 344: 2769:Washington metropolitan area 906:. August 8, 1953. p. 18 567:. April 13, 1942. p. 22 7: 1042:. April 9, 1973. p. 42 1013:. April 29, 1974. p. 7 901:"Hal Jackson Birdland M.C." 851:. June 29, 1971. p. 59 596:. July 24, 1944. p. 14 80:United Broadcasting Company 10: 2947: 625:. July 9, 1945. p. 83 481:1977 Broadcasting Yearbook 393:Change to WFAN and closure 367: 348: 297:Mutual Broadcasting System 208: 2762: 2714:WGMS (103.5 FM, 104.1 FM) 2681: 2635: 2084: 1824: 1799: 1712: 1674: 1510: 1366: 1129:. June 9, 1969. p. 9 1071:. May 9, 1966. p. 60 536:Washington American Eagle 143: 138: 116: 99: 89: 84: 76: 71: 52: 42: 26: 2784:Fredericksburg, Virginia 951:Barlow, William (1999). 558:"WINX Transfer Approved" 105:April 22, 1978 289:Silver Spring, Maryland 213: 2767:Radio stations in the 1355:Radio stations in the 762:Honolulu Star-Bulletin 303:—which under pre-1950 226: 404:Georgetown University 368:Further information: 336:Negro league baseball 221: 139:Technical information 2812:Salisbury-Ocean City 2793:Other nearby regions 1234:"Eaton Defends WOOK" 1183:Akron Beacon Journal 616:"Actions of the FCC" 483:. 1977. p. C-38 192:) and a TV station ( 2779:Frederick, Maryland 1241:Radio & Records 301:Rockville, Maryland 236:American University 223:William P. Gottlieb 23: 1801:NOAA Weather Radio 930:Pittsburgh Courier 904:Pittsburgh Courier 822:. December 3, 1951 321:Memphis, Tennessee 279:retained WINX-FM. 227: 21: 2883: 2882: 1795: 1794: 1360:metropolitan area 364:License challenge 283:From WINX to WOOK 166: 165: 159:250 watts (night) 118:Former call signs 2938: 2876: 2774:Washington, D.C. 1672: 1671: 1357:Washington, D.C. 1349: 1342: 1335: 1326: 1325: 1319: 1318: 1316: 1314: 1299: 1293: 1288: 1282: 1281: 1279: 1277: 1267: 1259: 1253: 1252: 1250: 1248: 1238: 1230: 1224: 1223: 1221: 1219: 1209: 1201: 1195: 1194: 1192: 1190: 1174: 1168: 1167: 1165: 1163: 1153: 1145: 1139: 1138: 1136: 1134: 1124: 1116: 1110: 1109: 1107: 1105: 1095: 1087: 1081: 1080: 1078: 1076: 1066: 1058: 1052: 1051: 1049: 1047: 1037: 1029: 1023: 1022: 1020: 1018: 1008: 1000: 994: 993: 991: 989: 979: 971: 965: 964: 958: 948: 942: 941: 939: 937: 922: 916: 915: 913: 911: 897: 891: 890: 888: 886: 881: 872: 861: 860: 858: 856: 846: 838: 832: 831: 829: 827: 817: 809: 803: 802: 800: 798: 788: 784:"Closed Circuit" 780: 774: 773: 771: 769: 754: 748: 747: 745: 743: 728: 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1862: 1859: 1857: 1854: 1852: 1849: 1847: 1844: 1842: 1839: 1837: 1834: 1833: 1831: 1827: 1826:Digital radio 1823: 1817: 1814: 1812: 1809: 1808: 1806: 1802: 1798: 1788: 1785: 1783: 1780: 1778: 1775: 1773: 1770: 1768: 1765: 1763: 1760: 1758: 1755: 1753: 1750: 1748: 1745: 1743: 1740: 1738: 1735: 1733: 1730: 1728: 1725: 1723: 1720: 1719: 1717: 1715: 1711: 1705: 1702: 1698: 1695: 1693: 1690: 1689: 1687: 1685: 1682: 1681: 1679: 1677: 1673: 1667: 1664: 1662: 1659: 1657: 1654: 1652: 1649: 1647: 1644: 1642: 1639: 1637: 1634: 1632: 1629: 1627: 1624: 1622: 1619: 1617: 1614: 1612: 1609: 1607: 1604: 1602: 1599: 1597: 1594: 1592: 1589: 1587: 1584: 1582: 1579: 1577: 1574: 1572: 1569: 1567: 1564: 1562: 1559: 1557: 1554: 1552: 1549: 1547: 1544: 1542: 1539: 1537: 1534: 1532: 1529: 1527: 1524: 1522: 1519: 1518: 1516: 1514: 1509: 1503: 1500: 1498: 1495: 1493: 1490: 1488: 1485: 1483: 1480: 1478: 1475: 1473: 1470: 1468: 1465: 1463: 1460: 1458: 1455: 1453: 1450: 1448: 1445: 1443: 1440: 1438: 1435: 1433: 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Index

Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C.
Frequency
kHz
Power
watts
AM
Washington, D.C.
Washington Post
WFAN
WOOK-TV
Federal Communications Commission
WYCB

William P. Gottlieb
Federal Communications Commission
American University
NARBA
Washington Post
W3XO
WTOP
CBS
San Francisco
Silver Spring, Maryland
WFAN
Mutual Broadcasting System
Rockville, Maryland
Census Bureau
WINX
International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

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