314:
addresses on one interface. The web server can either open separate listening sockets for each IP address, or it can listen on all interfaces with a single socket and obtain the IP address the TCP connection was received on after accepting the connections. Either way, it can use the IP address to determine which website to serve. The client is not involved in this process and therefore (unlike with name-based virtual hosting) there are no compatibility issues.
50:
305:. Accessing the server with the domain name should work again. Users should be careful when doing this, however, as any changes to the true mapping between host name and IP address will be overridden by the local setting. This workaround is not really useful for an average web user, but may be of some use to a site administrator while fixing DNS records.
266:
takes place before the expected hostname is sent to the server, the server doesn't know which certificate to present in the handshake. It is possible for a single certificate to cover multiple names either through the "subjectaltname" field or through wildcards but the practical application of this
193:
Name-based and IP-based virtual hosting can be combined: a server may have multiple IP addresses and serve multiple names on some or all of those IP addresses. This technique can be useful when using SSL/TLS with wildcard certificates. For example, if a server operator had two certificates, one for
421:
Circa 1996-1997, the number of distinct IP addresses would have been a good approximation to the number of real sites, since hosting companies would typically allocate an IP address to each site with distinct content, and multiple domain names could point to the IP address being used to serve the
313:
When IP-based virtual hosting is used, each site (either a DNS host name or a group of DNS host names that act the same) points to a unique IP address. The webserver is configured with multiple physical network interfaces, virtual network interfaces on the same physical interface or multiple IP
180:
There are two main types of virtual hosting, name-based and IP-based. Name-based virtual hosting uses the host name presented by the client. This saves IP addresses and the associated administrative overhead but the protocol being served must supply the host name at an appropriate point. In
317:
The downside of this approach is the server needs a different IP address for every web site. This increases administrative overhead (both assigning addresses to servers and justifying the use of those addresses to internet registries) and contributes to
176:
because many customers can be hosted on a single server. It is also very common for a single entity to want to use multiple names on the same machine so that the names can reflect services offered rather than where those services happen to be hosted.
189:
for each host name, and it can be performed with any protocol but requires a dedicated IP address per domain name served. Port-based virtual hosting is also possible in principle but is rarely used in practice because it is unfriendly to users.
298:, the web browser will send the IP address as the host name. Since the web server relies on the web browser client telling it what server name (vhost) to use, the server will respond with a default website—often not the site the user expects.
422:
same site content. However, with the adoption of HTTP/1.1 virtual hosting, and the availability of load balancing technology it is possible to reliably host a great number of active sites on a single (or relatively few) IP addresses.
157:(or pool of servers). This allows one server to share its resources, such as memory and processor cycles, without requiring all services provided to use the same host name. The term virtual hosting is usually used in reference to
213:/1.1 support (commonplace today) to include the target hostname in the request. This allows a server hosting multiple sites behind one IP address to deliver the correct site's content. More specifically it means setting the
341:
Many business companies utilize virtual servers for internal purposes, where there is a technological or administrative reason to operate several separate websites, such as a customer extranet website, employee
350:, and intranets for different departments. If there are no security concerns in the website architectures, they can be merged into a single server using virtual hosting technology, which reduces management and
294:(DNS) is not properly functioning, it is difficult to access a virtually-hosted website even if the IP address is known. If the user tries to fall back to using the IP address to contact the system, as in
194:*.example.com and one for *.example.net, the operator could serve foo.example.com and bar.example.com off the same IP address but would need a separate IP address for baz.example.net.
330:
Virtual web hosting is often used on a large scale in companies whose business model is to provide low cost website hosting for customers. The vast majority of
255:. Equally two subdomains of the same domain may be hosted together. For instance, a blog server may host both blog1.example.com and blog2.example.com.
823:
783:
778:
672:
498:
267:
approach is limited by administrative considerations and by the matching rules for wildcards. There is an extension to TLS called
271:, that presents the name at the start of the handshake to circumvent that issue, except for some older clients (in particular
114:
530:
86:
833:
93:
133:
398:
258:
The biggest issue with name-based virtual hosting is that it is difficult to host multiple secure websites running
67:
100:
71:
1020:
82:
17:
570:
1028:
695:
378:
331:
280:
169:
763:
668:
523:
476:
930:
848:
565:
259:
182:
828:
351:
319:
60:
373:
368:
284:
268:
38:
872:
638:
560:
463:
263:
107:
1059:
598:
516:
217:
8:
575:
552:
301:
A workaround in this case is to add the IP address and host name to the client system's
658:
291:
232:
154:
970:
363:
272:
181:
particular, there are significant difficulties using name-based virtual hosting with
30:
This article is about virtual domain name hosting. For virtual machine hosting, see
965:
818:
749:
443:
209:
A technical prerequisite needed for name-based virtual hosts is a web browser with
593:
435:
434:
Fielding, Roy T.; Reschke, Julian (June 2014). Fielding, R.; Reschke, J. (eds.).
503:
493:
925:
813:
608:
1053:
1033:
585:
335:
838:
980:
915:
628:
603:
31:
985:
868:
768:
690:
633:
623:
408:
150:
1000:
935:
773:
720:
643:
302:
276:
203:
186:
173:
158:
995:
955:
950:
890:
715:
710:
653:
648:
508:
448:
354:
and the number of separate servers required to support the business.
436:"Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Message Syntax and Routing"
223:
For instance, a server could be receiving requests for two domains,
49:
960:
945:
880:
858:
403:
347:
343:
162:
1010:
1005:
920:
895:
885:
843:
808:
803:
735:
700:
680:
172:. The price for shared web hosting is lower than for a dedicated
990:
853:
788:
740:
705:
685:
202:
Name-based virtual hosts use multiple host names for the same
940:
910:
798:
793:
758:
730:
725:
1038:
905:
900:
439:
240:
210:
975:
74:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
153:(with separate handling of each name) on a single
1051:
433:
27:Hosting of multiple domain names on one server
524:
499:Which ports are considered unsafe on Chrome
185:. IP-based virtual hosting uses a separate
531:
517:
334:customer websites worldwide are hosted on
161:but the principles do carry over to other
447:
134:Learn how and when to remove this message
251:would make the server serve pages from
14:
1052:
538:
512:
338:, using virtual hosting technology.
72:adding citations to reliable sources
43:
24:
399:"How many active sites are there?"
220:, which is mandatory in HTTP/1.1.
25:
1071:
494:Apache Virtual Host Documentation
487:
283:versions) which do not implement
149:is a method for hosting multiple
48:
168:One widely used application is
59:needs additional citations for
427:
391:
13:
1:
1021:Web content management system
384:
235:to the same IP address. For
197:
239:, the server would send the
7:
504:Apachis webhosting internet
357:
308:
10:
1076:
1029:Document management system
696:Domain Technologie Control
669:Web hosting control panels
379:Shared web hosting service
36:
29:
1019:
867:
748:
667:
584:
551:
544:
253:/var/www/user/Mary/site/
37:Not to be confused with
352:administrative overhead
325:
320:IPv4 address exhaustion
245:/var/www/user/Joe/site/
39:Virtual private server
471:Cite journal requires
374:Server Name Indication
369:Virtual private server
269:Server Name Indication
262:. Because the SSL/TLS
639:Web content lifecycle
247:, while requests for
599:Mobile web analytics
290:Furthermore, if the
68:improve this article
332:web hosting service
296:http://10.23.45.67/
243:from the directory
659:Website governance
539:Website management
292:Domain Name System
170:shared web hosting
1047:
1046:
971:Network Solutions
619:
618:
364:Bare-metal server
273:Internet Explorer
144:
143:
136:
118:
83:"Virtual hosting"
16:(Redirected from
1067:
966:NearlyFreeSpeech
819:Identity Digital
750:Top-level domain
549:
548:
533:
526:
519:
510:
509:
481:
480:
474:
469:
467:
459:
457:
456:
451:
449:10.17487/RFC7230
431:
425:
424:
418:
416:
411:on 30 April 2013
407:. Archived from
395:
297:
254:
250:
246:
238:
231:, both of which
230:
226:
216:
139:
132:
128:
125:
119:
117:
76:
52:
44:
21:
1075:
1074:
1070:
1069:
1068:
1066:
1065:
1064:
1050:
1049:
1048:
1043:
1015:
863:
744:
663:
615:
594:Click analytics
580:
540:
537:
490:
485:
484:
472:
470:
461:
460:
454:
452:
432:
428:
414:
412:
397:
396:
392:
387:
360:
328:
311:
295:
252:
249:www.example.net
248:
244:
237:www.example.com
236:
229:www.example.net
228:
225:www.example.com
224:
214:
200:
147:Virtual hosting
140:
129:
123:
120:
77:
75:
65:
53:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1073:
1063:
1062:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1025:
1023:
1017:
1016:
1014:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
926:Google Domains
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
877:
875:
865:
864:
862:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
816:
814:Google Domains
811:
806:
801:
796:
791:
786:
781:
776:
771:
766:
761:
755:
753:
746:
745:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
676:
665:
664:
662:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
620:
617:
616:
614:
613:
612:
611:
609:Click tracking
601:
596:
590:
588:
582:
581:
579:
578:
573:
568:
563:
557:
555:
546:
542:
541:
536:
535:
528:
521:
513:
507:
506:
501:
496:
489:
488:External links
486:
483:
482:
473:|journal=
426:
389:
388:
386:
383:
382:
381:
376:
371:
366:
359:
356:
336:shared servers
327:
324:
310:
307:
199:
196:
142:
141:
56:
54:
47:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1072:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1055:
1040:
1039:Blog software
1037:
1035:
1034:Wiki software
1032:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1018:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
878:
876:
874:
871:managers and
870:
866:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
756:
754:
751:
747:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
712:
709:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
674:
670:
666:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
621:
610:
607:
606:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
591:
589:
587:
586:Web analytics
583:
577:
574:
572:
569:
567:
564:
562:
559:
558:
556:
554:
550:
547:
543:
534:
529:
527:
522:
520:
515:
514:
511:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
491:
478:
465:
450:
445:
441:
437:
430:
423:
410:
406:
405:
400:
394:
390:
380:
377:
375:
372:
370:
367:
365:
362:
361:
355:
353:
349:
345:
339:
337:
333:
323:
321:
315:
306:
304:
299:
293:
288:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
265:
261:
256:
242:
234:
221:
219:
212:
207:
205:
195:
191:
188:
184:
178:
175:
171:
166:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
138:
135:
127:
116:
113:
109:
106:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85: –
84:
80:
79:Find sources:
73:
69:
63:
62:
57:This article
55:
51:
46:
45:
40:
33:
19:
981:Register.com
916:GMO Internet
629:Web document
604:Web tracking
571:Self-hosting
566:Peer-to-peer
464:cite journal
453:. Retrieved
429:
420:
413:. Retrieved
409:the original
402:
393:
340:
329:
316:
312:
300:
289:
257:
222:
208:
201:
192:
179:
167:
151:domain names
146:
145:
130:
121:
111:
104:
97:
90:
78:
66:Please help
61:verification
58:
32:host machine
18:Virtual host
1060:Web hosting
986:Squarespace
869:Domain name
769:DNS Belgium
691:DirectAdmin
634:Web content
624:Overselling
553:Web hosting
346:, internal
218:HTTP header
159:web servers
1001:Webcentral
936:Infomaniak
873:registrars
839:NIC México
774:CentralNic
752:registries
721:Ispmanager
673:comparison
644:Web server
455:2014-07-24
385:References
303:hosts file
277:Windows XP
204:IP address
198:Name-based
187:IP address
174:web server
165:services.
124:March 2016
94:newspapers
956:Hostinger
951:Namecheap
891:DreamHost
716:ISPConfig
711:InterWorx
654:Webmaster
649:Web cache
561:Clustered
279:or older
264:handshake
241:HTML file
1054:Category
961:NameSilo
946:Name.com
881:Bluehost
859:Verisign
545:Concepts
404:Netcraft
358:See also
348:intranet
344:extranet
309:IP-based
163:Internet
1011:Wix.com
1006:Web.com
921:GoDaddy
896:Dynadot
886:Domainz
844:Nominet
809:GoDaddy
804:Freenom
736:Usermin
701:Froxlor
681:AlternC
576:Virtual
415:14 July
281:Android
260:SSL/TLS
233:resolve
183:SSL/TLS
108:scholar
991:Tucows
854:Tucows
789:CZ.NIC
741:Webmin
706:i-MSCP
686:cPanel
155:server
110:
103:
96:
89:
81:
941:Jimdo
931:Hover
911:Gandi
799:EURid
794:DENIC
784:CNNIC
759:AFNIC
731:Plesk
726:Kloxo
115:JSTOR
101:books
906:Epik
901:Enom
834:KISA
829:JPRS
779:CIRA
764:auDA
477:help
440:IETF
417:2018
326:Uses
227:and
215:Host
211:HTTP
87:news
996:UK2
976:OVH
849:PIR
824:IPM
444:doi
285:SNI
275:on
70:by
1056::
468::
466:}}
462:{{
442:.
438:.
419:.
401:.
322:.
287:.
206:.
675:)
671:(
532:e
525:t
518:v
479:)
475:(
458:.
446::
137:)
131:(
126:)
122:(
112:·
105:·
98:·
91:·
64:.
41:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
