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VGA connector

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in some cases, because the signals are electrically compatible if the correct sync rates are set by the host PC. Many modern graphics adapters can modify their signal in software, including refresh rate, sync length, polarity and number of blank lines. Particular issues include interlace support and
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The terminology here is sometimes used rather interchangeably when it comes to labelling various types of VGA cable and can be a little vague. However, the basic or standard VGA connector type will usually be referred to as some variant of the following: DE-15, HD15, VGA plug, SVGA plug, D-Sub 15 or
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Within a 15-pin connector, the red, green, and blue signals (pins 1, 2, 3) cannot be shielded from each other, so crosstalk is possible within the 15-pin interconnect. BNC prevents crosstalk by maintaining full coaxial shielding through the circular connectors, but the connectors are very large and
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is an electronic device that increases the signal strength from a VGA port, most often from a computer. They are often used in schools, businesses, and homes when multiple monitors are being run off one VGA port, or if the cable between the monitor and the computer will be excessively long (often
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With the implementation of the VESA DDC specification, several of the monitor ID pins were reassigned for use by DDC signaling, and the key pin was replaced with a +5 V DC output per the DDC spec. Devices that comply with the DDC host system standard provide
621:, the ability to connect or disconnect the output device during operation, although in practice this can be done and usually does not cause damage to the hardware or other problems. The VESA DDC specification does, however, include a standard for hot-swapping. 573:. DE-9 VGA connectors were generally compatible with each other, and adaptors to the DE-15 standard were available. Ultimately all VGA hardware makers switched to standard DE-15 connectors, relegating the early variant to relative obscurity. 540:
The standard 15-pin VGA connector was derived from the earlier DE-9 connector, which used the same "E" D-shell size (hence that connector's misnomer of DB-9 transferred its "DB" part to the new DE-15 connector as well, see above). Though
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bulky. The requirement to press and turn the plug shell to disconnect requires access space around each connector to allow grasping of each BNC plug shell. Supplementary signals such as DDC are typically not supported with BNC.
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Some laptops and other portable devices in the early to mid-2000s contained a two-row mini-VGA connector that is much smaller than the three-row DE-15 connector, as well as five separate BNC connectors.
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connector referred to variously as DE-15, HD-15 or erroneously DB-15(HD). DE-15 is the accurate nomenclature under the D-sub specifications: an "E" size D-sub connector, with 15 pins in three rows.
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hardware, several VGA clone hardware makers initially did not. Instead, some early VGA hardware, both monitors and VGA cards, used a DE-9 connector for VGA, just like what had been in use for
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ohm) should prevent this, however, ghosting with long cables may be caused by equipment with incorrect signal termination or by passive cable splitters rather than the cables themselves.
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There are no standards defining the quality required for each resolution, but higher-quality cables typically contain coaxial wiring and insulation that make them thicker.
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For conversions to and from digital formats like HDMI or Displayport, a scan converter is required. VGA outputs to interfaces with different signaling, more complex
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The same VGA cable can be used with a variety of supported VGA resolutions, ranging from 320×400px @70 Hz, or 320×480px @60 Hz (12.6 MHz of
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The image and table detail the 15-pin VESA DDC2/E-DDC connector; the diagram's pin numbering is that of a female connector functioning as the
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Some pins on the connector were also different: pin 9 was keyed by plugging the female connector hole, and four pins carried the monitor ID.
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instead of a single standard VGA connector, providing a higher quality connection with less crosstalk by utilising five separate 75 ohm
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While shorter VGA cables are less likely to introduce significant signal degradation, good-quality cable should not suffer from signal
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and its VGA graphics system, the 15-pin connector went on to become ubiquitous on PCs, as well as many monitors, projectors and
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Display Adapter redefined pin 9 as "+12V", which signals the monitor to turn on when the system unit is powered on.
1762: 1384: 164: 903:. Under these restrictive conditions, a simple circuit to combine the VGA separate synchronization signals into 733: 729: 84: 55: 51: 1647: 1516: 1767: 869: 66: 1679: 880:
to VGA without an active converter is not possible because those connectors don't output analog signals.
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occurs when impedance mismatches cause signals to be reflected. A correctly impedance matched cable (75
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In the original IBM VGA implementation, refresh rates were limited to two vertical (60 and 70 Hz)
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which were communicated to the monitor using combinations of different polarity H and V sync signals.
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output. In the male connector, this pin numbering corresponds with the cable's wire-and-solder side.
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Various adapters can be purchased to convert VGA to other connector types. One common variety is a
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Devices continue to be manufactured with VGA connectors, although newer digital interfaces such as
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if the cable runs too far without an extender). VGA extenders are sometimes called VGA boosters.
798:(whereby signals in one wire induce unwanted currents in adjacent wires) even at greater lengths. 379: 1736: 1689: 1632: 1541: 1439: 980:
Crossing Platforms – A Macintosh/Windows Phrasebook: A Dictionary for Strangers in a Strange Land
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DDC/CI supports hot plugging, provided the display can detect a disconnection of the video cable
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are increasingly displacing VGA, and many modern computers and other devices do not include it.
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has introduced a scheme to redefining VGA connector pins 9, 12, and 15 as a serial bus for a
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may be used. Most of them need an external power source to operate and are inherently
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is a standard connector used for computer video output. Originating with the 1987
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to VGA adapter, which is possible because many DVI interfaces also carry
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Other connectors have been used to carry VGA-compatible signals, such as
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In both its modern and original variants, VGA utilizes multiple
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IBM Personal System/2 Hardware Interface Technical Reference
768: 137: 1699: 1662: 1218:"Understanding EDID - Extended Display Identification Data" 873: 785: 781: 687: 681: 513: 267: 1098:"9 to 15 pin VGA cable pinout and wiring @ old.pinouts.ru" 378:
V DC (powers EDID EEPROM chip on some monitors), formerly
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VESA Enhanced Display Data Channel Standard Version 1.1
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Some high-end monitors and video cards used multiple
784:) @85 Hz (160 MHz) and up to 2048×1536px ( 58:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1035:D-Subminiature, or the more generic RGB connector. 1148:. May 1988. pp. 13.99–13.100. Archived from 1754: 603:pins, for identifying attached display devices. 596:) video signals. Modern connectors also include 535: 403:Reserved since E-DDC, formerly monitor id. bit 0 319:Reserved since E-DDC, formerly monitor id. bit 2 1392: 1269:"The Nexus: Projects - VGA to SCART Converter" 617:The VGA interface includes no affordances for 1378: 1243:"What is the VGA connector and how to use it" 453:clock since DDC2, formerly monitor id. bit 3 736:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 686:In order to advertise display capabilities 610:, so attached devices such as monitors are 417:data since DDC2, formerly monitor id. bit 1 1385: 1371: 1130: 1128: 1074:"Summary of Digital and Analog Connectors" 969: 142:A female DE-15 output in a laptop computer 811: 756:Learn how and when to remove this message 528:The VGA connector is a three-row, 15-pin 220:RGB video signal plus option H and V sync 118:Learn how and when to remove this message 855: 838: 815: 767: 1179:Video Electronics Standards Association 1125: 1019:"VGA Cables - A Complete Buyers' Guide" 545:always used DE-15 connectors for their 1755: 1366: 920:pictures appear blurry or have minor 899:the use of the resolution 720×576 in 772:A VGA cable with DE-15 male connector 1046: 1013: 1011: 939:Extended display identification data 734:adding citations to reliable sources 701: 576: 56:adding citations to reliable sources 27: 505:" typically refers to this design. 428:Horizontal sync (or Composite sync) 13: 659: 523: 14: 1784: 1341: 1008: 624: 1116:VESA DDC/CI Standard Version 1.1 706: 697: 266: 136: 32: 1312: 1287: 1261: 1235: 1210: 843:Mini-VGA port on an Apple iBook 151:Computer analog video connector 43:needs additional citations for 19:For the graphics standard, see 1185: 1167: 1108: 1090: 1066: 1040: 963: 788:) @85 Hz (388 MHz). 1: 956: 870:VGA-compatible analog signals 536:Predecessor and early variant 1181:. 24 March 2004. p. 18. 1135:"Video Subsystem (Type 1)". 1079:. CablesToGo. Archived from 910: 907:composite sync may suffice. 7: 1193:"Japanese Display Adapters" 1047:Shah, Agam (31 July 2012). 927: 894:VGA can also be adapted to 851: 131:VGA connector (DE-15/HD-15) 10: 1791: 1394:Audio and video connectors 1295:"VGA to TV converter page" 950:Super Video Graphics Array 675: 18: 1773:Analog display connectors 1729: 1713: 1625: 1504: 1468: 1400: 1353:DE-15 VGA VESA DDC pinout 1197:Ardent Tool of Capitalism 581:All VGA connectors carry 457: 443: 432: 421: 407: 396: 385: 367: 356: 345: 334: 323: 312: 301: 290: 279: 274: 265: 260: 248: 245: 240: 235: 232: 227: 224: 219: 216: 211: 206: 201: 193: 190: 185: 182: 177: 174: 163: 160: 155: 150: 147: 135: 1721:List of video connectors 945:List of video connectors 1763:Analog video connectors 1450:Speaker spring terminal 671: 861: 860:VGA - Mini VGA adapter 844: 821: 812:Alternative connectors 773: 202:General specifications 16:15-pin video connector 859: 842: 819: 771: 676:Further information: 1118:. 2004. p. 31. 1104:on 19 December 2010. 977:(23 November 1999). 730:improve this section 692:Display Data Channel 678:Display Data Channel 631:and three horizontal 547:Video Graphics Array 471:Video Graphics Array 275:A female DE15 socket 52:improve this article 21:Video Graphics Array 1768:Computer connectors 1086:on 31 October 2021. 588:(red, green, blue, 392:Ground (VSync, DDC) 132: 1144:(First ed.). 862: 845: 822: 820:VGA BNC connectors 780:) to 1280×1024px ( 774: 191:Superseded by 156:Production history 130: 1750: 1749: 1249:. 8 February 2018 994:978-1-4919-1679-7 766: 765: 758: 577:Electrical design 466: 465: 252:data channel for 128: 127: 120: 102: 1780: 1387: 1380: 1373: 1364: 1363: 1335: 1334: 1332: 1330: 1324:ramsdensquare.ca 1316: 1310: 1309: 1307: 1305: 1291: 1285: 1284: 1282: 1280: 1265: 1259: 1258: 1256: 1254: 1239: 1233: 1232: 1230: 1228: 1214: 1208: 1207: 1205: 1203: 1189: 1183: 1182: 1171: 1165: 1164: 1162: 1160: 1154: 1143: 1132: 1123: 1122: 1112: 1106: 1105: 1100:. 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Adapting from 807: 778:signal bandwidth 761: 754: 750: 747: 741: 710: 702: 655: 651: 647: 636: 632: 460:graphics adapter 377: 270: 140: 133: 129: 123: 116: 112: 109: 103: 101: 60: 36: 28: 1790: 1789: 1783: 1782: 1781: 1779: 1778: 1777: 1753: 1752: 1751: 1746: 1730:General-purpose 1725: 1709: 1626:Audio and video 1621: 1527:Composite video 1522:Component YPbPr 1500: 1464: 1396: 1391: 1344: 1339: 1338: 1328: 1326: 1320:"VGA Extenders" 1318: 1317: 1313: 1303: 1301: 1293: 1292: 1288: 1278: 1276: 1267: 1266: 1262: 1252: 1250: 1241: 1240: 1236: 1226: 1224: 1216: 1215: 1211: 1201: 1199: 1191: 1190: 1186: 1173: 1172: 1168: 1158: 1156: 1152: 1141: 1134: 1133: 1126: 1114: 1113: 1109: 1096: 1095: 1091: 1083: 1076: 1072: 1071: 1067: 1057: 1055: 1045: 1041: 1027: 1025: 1017: 1016: 1009: 999: 997: 995: 968: 964: 959: 934:Component video 930: 913: 854: 814: 805: 762: 751: 745: 742: 727: 711: 700: 684: 674: 662: 660:PS/55 signaling 653: 649: 645: 634: 630: 627: 590:horizontal sync 579: 538: 526: 524:Physical design 375: 143: 124: 113: 107: 104: 67:"VGA connector" 61: 59: 49: 37: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1788: 1787: 1776: 1775: 1770: 1765: 1748: 1747: 1745: 1744: 1739: 1733: 1731: 1727: 1726: 1724: 1723: 1717: 1715: 1711: 1710: 1708: 1707: 1702: 1697: 1692: 1687: 1677: 1676: 1675: 1665: 1660: 1655: 1650: 1645: 1640: 1635: 1629: 1627: 1623: 1622: 1620: 1619: 1618: 1617: 1607: 1602: 1597: 1592: 1591: 1590: 1582: 1581: 1580: 1579: 1568: 1567: 1566: 1556: 1555: 1554: 1544: 1539: 1534: 1529: 1524: 1519: 1514: 1508: 1506: 1502: 1501: 1499: 1498: 1493: 1488: 1483: 1478: 1472: 1470: 1466: 1465: 1463: 1462: 1457: 1452: 1447: 1442: 1437: 1436: 1435: 1425: 1420: 1418:D-subminiature 1415: 1410: 1404: 1402: 1398: 1397: 1390: 1389: 1382: 1375: 1367: 1361: 1360: 1358:DE-15 to 5 BNC 1355: 1350: 1343: 1342:External links 1340: 1337: 1336: 1311: 1286: 1275:. 26 June 2013 1260: 1234: 1209: 1184: 1166: 1155:on 14 May 2018 1124: 1107: 1089: 1065: 1039: 1007: 993: 985:O'Reilly Media 961: 960: 958: 955: 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Retrieved 979: 975:Pogue, David 965: 917:VGA extender 916: 914: 893: 882: 863: 846: 834: 823: 800: 793: 790: 775: 752: 743: 728:Please help 716: 685: 663: 642: 639: 628: 619:hot swapping 616: 605: 580: 539: 527: 507: 502: 492: 479: 475: 469: 467: 352:Green return 217:Video signal 186:1987–present 114: 105: 95: 88: 81: 74: 62: 50:Please help 45:verification 42: 25: 1737:Thunderbolt 1668:DisplayPort 1638:Belling-Lee 1408:Banana plug 1348:DE-9 pinout 1273:Nexusuk.org 1159:16 February 1000:16 February 971:Engst, Adam 878:DisplayPort 518:DisplayPort 363:Blue return 297:Green video 256:information 246:Data signal 1757:Categories 1532:D-Terminal 1440:Audio jack 1304:21 October 1279:21 October 1247:Tyfon Tech 1202:5 February 957:References 885:converters 746:April 2021 608:scan rates 567:Windows 95 341:Red return 308:Blue video 78:newspapers 1588:Micro-DVI 1423:Euroblock 1329:24 August 1058:16 August 1028:16 August 922:artifacts 911:Extenders 796:crosstalk 717:does not 666:IBM PS/55 648:, from 50 612:multisync 480:connector 349:GREEN_RTN 286:Red video 233:Connector 167:based on 1690:Minijack 1684:superMHL 1643:CCJ/EIAJ 1615:Mini-VGA 1576:Mini-DVI 1552:Mini-DIN 1433:Mini-DIN 928:See also 852:Adapters 802:Ghosting 646:5 V ± 5% 559:Hercules 495:mini-VGA 484:IBM PS/2 360:BLUE_RTN 183:Produced 175:Designed 161:Designer 1695:P&D 1658:HDBaseT 1600:S-Video 1491:TOSLINK 1455:Speakon 1253:26 July 738:removed 723:sources 694:(DDC). 652:mA to 1 501:, but " 447:ID3/SCL 411:ID1/SDA 400:ID0/RES 371:KEY/PWR 338:RED_RTN 316:ID2/RES 212:Depends 92:scholar 1653:Type F 1559:DMS-59 1537:DB13W3 1486:S/PDIF 1227:19 May 1222:Extron 991:  952:(SVGA) 941:(EDID) 806:  654:  650:  635:all of 583:analog 561:, and 490:sets. 444:Pin 15 433:Pin 14 422:Pin 13 408:Pin 12 397:Pin 11 386:Pin 10 376:  261:Pinout 197:(1999) 94:  87:  80:  73:  65:  1705:SCART 1505:Video 1481:D-sub 1153:(PDF) 1142:(PDF) 1084:(PDF) 1077:(PDF) 905:SCART 896:SCART 889:lossy 586:RGBHV 436:VSync 425:HSync 368:Pin 9 357:Pin 8 346:Pin 7 335:Pin 6 324:Pin 5 313:Pin 4 302:Pin 3 294:GREEN 291:Pin 2 280:Pin 1 236:DE-15 99:JSTOR 85:books 1700:PDMI 1663:HDMI 1578:бЕхк 1331:2024 1306:2013 1281:2013 1255:2022 1229:2022 1204:2023 1161:2021 1060:2020 1030:2020 1002:2021 989:ISBN 874:HDMI 786:QXGA 782:SXGA 721:any 719:cite 688:VESA 682:EDID 680:and 672:EDID 664:The 598:VESA 516:and 514:HDMI 468:The 305:BLUE 241:Data 225:Pins 178:1987 148:Type 71:news 1742:USB 1680:MHL 1673:mDP 1648:EVC 1633:ADC 1610:VGA 1605:UDI 1595:RCA 1571:DVI 1564:LFH 1547:DIN 1542:DFP 1512:BNC 1496:XLR 1476:BNC 1460:XLR 1445:RCA 1428:DIN 1146:IBM 876:or 866:DVI 732:by 656:A. 601:DDC 563:EGA 555:CGA 551:MDA 543:IBM 510:DVI 499:BNC 497:or 476:VGA 451:I²C 415:I²C 389:GND 380:key 327:GND 283:RED 254:DDC 250:I²C 195:DVI 165:IBM 54:by 1759:: 1322:. 1297:. 1271:. 1245:. 1220:. 1195:. 1177:. 1127:^ 1051:. 1032:. 1021:. 1010:^ 987:. 983:. 973:; 915:A 592:, 557:, 553:, 512:, 478:) 374:+5 228:15 1686:) 1682:( 1386:e 1379:t 1372:v 1333:. 1308:. 1283:. 1257:. 1231:. 1206:. 1163:. 1062:. 1004:. 759:) 753:( 748:) 744:( 740:. 726:. 474:( 121:) 115:( 110:) 106:( 96:· 89:· 82:· 75:· 48:. 23:.

Index

Video Graphics Array

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IBM
D-subminiature
DVI
Hot pluggable
I²C
DDC

key
I²C
I²C
graphics adapter
Video Graphics Array
IBM PS/2
HD television
mini-VGA
BNC
DVI

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