USB hardware - Knowledge

2302: 2227: 947: 108:), USB connections are directed; a host device has "downstream" facing ports that connect to the "upstream" facing ports of devices. Only downstream facing ports provide power; this topology was chosen to easily prevent electrical overloads and damaged equipment. Thus, USB cables have different ends: A and B, with different physical connectors for each. Each format has a plug and receptacle defined for each of the A and B ends. A USB cable, by definition, has a plug on each end—one A (or C) and one B (or C)—and the corresponding receptacle is usually on a computer or electronic device. The mini and micro formats may connect to an AB receptacle, which accepts either an A or a B plug, that plug determining the behavior of the receptacle. 2984: 2695:

a captive cable. The ID pin of the OTG port is not connected within plug as usual, but to the ACA itself, where signals outside the OTG floating and ground states are used for ACA detection and state signaling. The charging port does not pass data, but does use the D± signals for charging port detection. The accessory port acts as any other port. When appropriately signaled by the ACA, the portable device can charge from the bus power as if there were a charging port present; any OTG signals over bus power are instead passed to the portable device via the ID signal. Bus power is also provided to the accessory port from the charging port transparently.

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compared to the power pins so that the device can power up before establishing a data connection. Some devices operate in different modes depending on whether the data connection is made. Charging docks supply power and do not include a host device or data pins, allowing any capable USB device to charge or operate from a standard USB cable. Charging cables provide power connections, but not data. In a charge-only cable, the data wires are shorted at the device end, otherwise, the device may reject the charger as unsuitable.

1233: 1317: 136: 1607: 89: 1565: 906: 2704: 1483: 3122: 2025: 1736: 1524: 1401: 1177: 1190: 3404:. In most cases, these items contain no digital circuitry, and thus are not standard-compliant USB devices. This may cause problems with some computers, such as drawing too much current and damaging circuitry. Prior to the USB Battery Charging Specification, the USB specification required that devices connect in a low-power mode (100 mA maximum) and communicate their current requirements to the host, which then permits the device to switch into high-power mode. 1442: 1360: 1276: 1106: 1124: 783: 274: 263: 1017: 2128: 1989: 1728: 1169: 1005: 797: 541: 22: 1948: 1829: 1719: 1692: 1160: 1151: 2618:

plugs (one for power and data, the other for only power), so as to draw power as two devices. Such a cable is non-standard, with the USB compliance specification stating that "use of a 'Y' cable (a cable with two A-plugs) is prohibited on any USB peripheral", meaning that "if a USB peripheral requires more power than allowed by the USB specification to which it is designed, then it must be self-powered."

1907: 1790: 1749: 1710: 1683: 1674: 1142: 1133: 1097: 1870: 1701: 1115: 2610:) devices. Low-power devices may draw at most 1 unit load, and all devices must act as low-power devices before they are configured. A high-powered device must be configured, after which it may draw up to 5 unit loads (500 mA), or 6 unit loads (900 mA) for SuperSpeed devices, as specified in its configuration because the maximum power may not always be available from the upstream port. 2070:, not inter-operable with USB-IF compliant equipment and possibly damaging to both devices when plugged in. In addition to the above cable assemblies comprising two plugs, an "adapter" cable with a Micro-A plug and a standard-A receptacle is compliant with USB specifications. Other combinations of connectors are not compliant.There do exist A-to-A assemblies, referred to as cables (such as the 127:(from version 3.0), and SuperSpeed+ (from version 3.1). The modes have differing hardware and cabling requirements. USB devices have some choice of implemented modes, and USB version is not a reliable statement of implemented modes. Modes are identified by their names and icons, and the specification suggests that plugs and receptacles be color-coded (SuperSpeed is identified by blue). 742: 3381:, which is allowed by the standard, or use a dual-input USB cable, one input of which is for power and data transfer, the other solely for power, which makes the device a non-standard USB device. Some USB ports and external hubs can, in practice, supply more power to USB devices than required by the specification but a standard-compliant device may not depend on this. 2266:

specified to be at least 4.75 V, 4.4 V, and 4.35 V respectively by USB 2.0 for low-power devices, but must be at least 4.75 V at all locations for high-power devices (however, high-power devices are required to operate as a low-powered device so that they may be detected and enumerated if connected to a low-power upstream port). The USB 3.

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specifying the voltage from a range of 15 to 48 V in 100 mV steps. Higher voltages require electronically marked EPR cables that support 5 A operation and incorporate mechanical improvements required by the USB Type-C standard rev. 2.1; existing power modes are retroactively renamed Standard Power Range (SPR). In October 2021 Apple introduced a 140 W (28 V 5 A)

2655:(SDP) must initially be a low-power device, with high-power mode contingent on later USB configuration by the host. Charging ports, however, can immediately supply between 0.5 and 1.5 A of current. The charging port must not apply current limiting below 0.5 A, and must not shut down below 1.5 A or before the voltage drops to 2 V. 3239:(ITU) announcing on October 22, 2009, that it had also embraced the Universal Charging Solution as its "energy-efficient one-charger-fits-all new mobile phone solution," and added: "Based on the Micro-USB interface, UCS chargers will also include a 4-star or higher efficiency rating—up to three times more energy-efficient than an unrated charger." 3392:) when the device is first connected. Otherwise, connecting a device could cause problems with the host's internal power. USB devices are also required to automatically enter ultra low-power suspend mode when the USB host is suspended. Nevertheless, many USB host interfaces do not cut off the power supply to USB devices when they are suspended. 2175:

allowed time, the host considers the command lost. When adding USB device response time, delays from the maximum number of hubs added to the delays from connecting cables, the maximum acceptable delay per cable amounts to 26 ns. The USB 2.0 specification requires that cable delay be less than

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Section 1.3: Additional requirements for a more rugged connector that is durable past 10,000 cycles and still meets the USB 2.0 specification for mechanical and electrical performance was also a consideration. The Mini-USB could not be modified and remain backward compatible to the existing connector

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standard. When a device doesn't recognize the faster-charging standard, generally the device and the charger fall back to the USB battery-charging standard of 5 V at 1.5 A (7.5 W). When a device detects it is plugged into a charger with a compatible faster-charging standard, the device

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specification) to devices with greater power demands. (USB-PD A and B plugs have a mechanical mark while Micro plugs have a resistor or capacitor attached to the ID pin indicating the cable capability.) USB-PD Devices can request higher currents and supply voltages from compliant hosts—up to 2 A

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chargers indicate the available current by voltages on the D− and D+ lines (sometimes also called "Apple Brick ID"). When D+ = D− = 2.0 V, the device may pull up to 900 mA. When D+ = 2.0 V and D− = 2.8 V, the device may pull up to 1 A of current. When D+ = 2.8 V and D− =

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command, a kind of vendor-defined message (VDM) sent over the configuration data channel (CC). Using this command, the cable reports its current capacities, maximum speed, and other parameters. Full-Featured USB Type-C devices are a mechanic prerequisite for multi-lane operation (USB 3.2 Gen 1x2, USB

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On the device side, a modified Micro-B plug (Micro-B SuperSpeed) is used to cater for the five additional pins required to achieve the USB 3.0 features (USB-C plug can also be used). The USB 3.0 Micro-B plug effectively consists of a standard USB 2.0 Micro-B cable plug, with an additional 5 pins plug

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Type-A plugs and receptacles are designed to interoperate. To achieve USB 3.0's SuperSpeed (and SuperSpeed+ for USB 3.1 Gen 2), 5 extra pins are added to the unused area of the original 4 pin USB 1.0 design, making USB 3.0 Type-A plugs and receptacles backward compatible

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ACAs have three ports: the OTG port for the portable device, which is required to have a Micro-A plug on a captive cable; the accessory port, which is required to have a Micro-AB or type-A receptacle; and the charging port, which is required to have a Micro-B receptacle, or type-A plug or charger on

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Where devices (for example, high-speed disk drives) require more power than a high-power device can draw, they function erratically, if at all, from bus power of a single port. USB provides for these devices as being self-powered. However, such devices may come with a Y-shaped cable that has two USB

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USB-C devices support power currents of 1.5 A and 3.0 A over the 5 V power bus in addition to baseline 900 mA. These higher currents can be negotiated through the configuration line. Devices can also utilize the full Power Delivery specification using both BMC-coded configuration

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The OTG device with the A-plug inserted is called the A-device and is responsible for powering the USB interface when required, and by default assumes the role of host. The OTG device with the B-plug inserted is called the B-device and by default assumes the role of peripheral. An OTG device with no

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on January 4, 2007, have a similar width to Mini-USB, but approximately half the thickness, enabling their integration into thinner portable devices. The Micro-A connector is 6.85 by 1.8 mm (0.270 by 0.071 in) with a maximum overmold boot size of 11.7 by 8.5 mm (0.46 by 0.33 in),

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USB ports and connectors are often color-coded to distinguish their different functions and USB versions. These colors are not part of the USB specification and can vary between manufacturers; for example, the USB 3.0 specification mandates appropriate color-coding while it only recommends blue

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Revision 1.2 of the specification was released in 2010. It made several changes, and increased limits including allowing 1.5 A on charging downstream ports for unconfigured devices—allowing High Speed communication while having a current up to 1.5 A. Also, support was removed for charging

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There are several minimum allowable voltages defined at different locations within a chain of connectors, hubs, and cables between an upstream host (providing the power) and a downstream device (consuming the power). To allow for voltage drops, the voltage at the host port, hub port, and device are

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Some older devices and cables with Mini-A connectors have been certified by USB-IF. The Mini-A connector is obsolete: no new Mini-A connectors and neither Mini-A nor Mini-AB receptacles will be certified.Note: Mini-B is not deprecated, although it is less and less used since the arrival of Micro-B.

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USB connector types multiplied as the specification progressed. The original USB specification detailed standard-A and standard-B plugs and receptacles. The connectors were different so that users could not connect one computer receptacle to another. The data pins in the standard plugs are recessed

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The USB standard specifies tolerances for compliant USB connectors to minimize physical incompatibilities in connectors from different vendors. The USB specification also defines limits to the size of a connecting device in the area around its plug, so that adjacent ports are not blocked. Compliant

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specifications) was also updated to reflect this change at that time. A number of extensions to the USB Specifications have progressively further increased the maximum allowable V_BUS voltage: starting with 6.0 V with USB BC 1.2, to 21.5 V with USB PD 2.0 and 50.9 V with USB PD 3.1,

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Commonly available "OTG" cables that address widespread misuse of Micro-B and Mini-B receptacles for OTG devices, e.g. smartphones (as opposed to Micro-AB and Mini-AB, which accept either plug.) While not compliant with the USB standards, these cables at least do not provide a device damage hazard

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The USB-C connector supersedes all earlier USB connectors and the Mini DisplayPort connector. It is used for all USB protocols and for Thunderbolt (3 and later), DisplayPort (1.2 and later), and others. Developed at roughly the same time as the USB 3.1 specification, but distinct from it, the

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By design, it is difficult to insert a USB plug into its receptacle incorrectly. The USB specification requires that the cable plug and receptacle be marked so the user can recognize the proper orientation. The USB-C plug however is reversible. USB cables and small USB devices are held in place by

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Sleep-and-charge USB ports can be used to charge electronic devices even when the computer that hosts the ports is switched off. Normally, when a computer is powered off the USB ports are powered down. This feature has also been implemented on some laptop docking stations allowing device charging

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USB 2.0 provides for a maximum cable length of 5 metres (16 ft 5 in) for devices running at high speed (480 Mbit/s). The primary reason for this limit is the maximum allowed round-trip delay of about 1.5 μs. If USB host commands are unanswered by the USB device within the

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Standard USB has a minimum rated lifetime of 1,500 cycles of insertion and removal, the Mini-USB receptacle increased this to 5,000 cycles, and the newer Micro-USB and USB-C receptacles are both designed for a minimum rated lifetime of 10,000 cycles of insertion and removal. To accomplish this, a

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As of USB Power Delivery specification revision 2.0, version 1.2, the six fixed power profiles for power sources have been deprecated. USB PD Power Rules replace power profiles, defining four normative voltage levels at 5 V, 9 V, 15 V, and 20 V. Instead of six fixed

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Since these currents are larger than in the original standard, the extra voltage drop in the cable reduces noise margins, causing problems with High Speed signaling. Battery Charging Specification 1.1 specifies that charging devices must dynamically limit bus power current draw during High Speed

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The Micro plug design is rated for at least 10,000 connect-disconnect cycles, which is more than the Mini plug design. The Micro connector is also designed to reduce the mechanical wear on the device; instead, the easier-to-replace cable is designed to bear the mechanical wear of connection and

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standard specified connectors that were easy to use and that would have acceptable life spans; revisions of the standard added smaller connectors useful for compact portable devices. Higher-speed development of the USB standard gave rise to another family of connectors to permit additional data

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Manufacturers of personal electronic devices might not include a USB standard connector on their product for technical or marketing reasons. E.g. Olympus has been using a special cable called CB-USB8 one end of which has a special contact. Some manufacturers provide proprietary cables, such as

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The first Power Delivery specification (Rev. 1.0) defined six fixed power profiles for the power sources. PD-aware devices implement a flexible power management scheme by interfacing with the power source through a bidirectional data channel and requesting a certain level of electrical power,

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In May 2021, the USB PD promoter group launched revision 3.1 of the specification. Revision 3.1 adds Extended Power Range (EPR) mode which allows higher voltages of 28, 36, and 48 V, providing up to 240 W of power (48 V at 5 A), and the "Adjustable Voltage Supply" (AVS) protocol which allows

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A bus-powered hub is a high-power device providing low-power ports. It draws 1 unit load for the hub controller and 1 unit load for each of at most 4 ports. The hub may also have some non-removable functions in place of ports. A self-powered hub is a device that provides high-power ports by

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The intent is to permit uniformly charging laptops, tablets, USB-powered disks and similarly higher-power consumer electronics, as a natural extension of existing European and Chinese mobile telephone charging standards. This may also affect the way electric power used for small devices is

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The USB 1.1 standard specifies that a standard cable can have a maximum length of 5 metres (16 ft 5 in) with devices operating at full speed (12 Mbit/s), and a maximum length of 3 metres (9 ft 10 in) with devices operating at low speed (1.5 Mbit/s).

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output, allowing a voltage range of 3.3 to 21 V in 20 mV steps, and a current specified in 50 mA steps, to facilitate constant-voltage and constant-current charging. Revision 3.0 also adds extended configuration messages and fast role swap and deprecates the BFSK protocol.

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The 24-pin double-sided connector provides four power–ground pairs, two differential pairs for USB 2.0 data (though only one pair is implemented in a USB-C cable), four pairs for SuperSpeed data bus (only two pairs are used in USB 3.1 mode), two "sideband use" pins,

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To enable Type-AB receptacles to distinguish which end of a cable is plugged in, plugs have an "ID" pin in addition to the four contacts in standard-size USB connectors. This ID pin is connected to GND in Type-A plugs, and left unconnected in Type-B plugs. Typically, a

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at 5 V (for a power consumption of up to 10 W), and optionally up to 3 A or 5 A at either 12 V (36 W or 60 W) or 20 V (60 W or 100 W). In all cases, both host-to-device and device-to-host configurations are supported.

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Some non-standard USB devices use the 5 V power supply without participating in a proper USB network, which negotiates power draw with the host interface. Examples include USB-powered keyboard lights, fans, mug coolers and heaters, battery chargers, miniature

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USB-C Specification 1.0 was finalized in August 2014 and defines a new small reversible-plug connector for USB devices. The USB-C plug connects to both hosts and devices, replacing various Type-A and Type-B connectors and cables with a standard meant to be

968:(OTG) introduces the concept of a device performing both host and device roles. All current OTG devices are required to have one, and only one, USB connector: a Micro-AB receptacle. (In the past, before the development of Micro-USB, On-The-Go devices used 182:

with A plugs on both ends, which may be valid if the "cable" includes, for example, a USB host-to-host transfer device with two ports. This is, by definition, a device with two logical B ports, each with a captive cable, not a cable with two A ends.

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locking device was added and the leaf-spring was moved from the jack to the plug, so that the most-stressed part is on the cable side of the connection. This change was made so that the connector on the less expensive cable would bear the most

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on a device, such as a printer. On some devices, the Type-B receptacle has no data connections, being used solely for accepting power from the upstream device. This two-connector-type scheme (A/B) prevents a user from accidentally creating a

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even when no laptop is present. On laptops, charging devices from the USB port when it is not being powered from AC drains the laptop battery; most laptops have a facility to stop charging if their own battery charge level gets too low.

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The connectors the USB committee specifies support a number of USB's underlying goals, and reflect lessons learned from the many connectors the computer industry has used. The connector mounted on the host or device is called the

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supplementing the power supply from the host with its own external supply. Optionally, the hub controller may draw power for its operation as a low-power device, but all high-power ports must draw from the hub's self-power.

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The USB Power Delivery specification revision 2.0 (USB PD Rev. 2.0) has been released as part of the USB 3.1 suite. It covers the USB-C cable and connector with a separate configuration channel, which now hosts a

1041:(BMC) configuration data channel (CC). Type-A and Type-B adaptors and cables are required for older hosts and devices to plug into USB-C hosts and devices. Adapters and cables with a USB-C receptacle are not allowed. 987:

plug inserted defaults to acting as a B-device. If an application on the B-device requires the role of host, then the Host Negotiation Protocol (HNP) is used to temporarily transfer the host role to the B-device.

6331: 4047: 6199: 3259:. The MoU lasted until 2014. The common EPS specification (EN 62684:2010) references the USB Battery Charging Specification and is similar to the GSMA/OMTP and Chinese charging solutions. In January 2011, the 2273:

Unlike USB 2.0 and USB 3.2, USB4 does not define its own VBUS-based power model. Power for USB4 operation is established and managed as defined in the USB Type-C Specification and the USB PD Specification.

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USB 3.0 introduced Type-A SuperSpeed plugs and receptacles as well as micro-sized Type-B SuperSpeed plugs and receptacles. The 3.0 receptacles are backward-compatible with the corresponding pre-3.0 plugs.

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The charging device identifies a charging port by non-data signaling on the D+ and D− terminals. A dedicated charging port places a resistance not exceeding 200 Ω across the D+ and D− terminals.

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The shell on the plug makes contact with the receptacle before any of the internal pins. The shell is typically grounded, to dissipate static electricity and to shield the wires within the connector.

733:(which is part of the connector used for its handling) is 16 by 8 mm (0.63 by 0.31 in) for the Standard-A plug type, while for the Type-B it is 11.5 by 10.5 mm (0.45 by 0.41 in). 936:"stacked" to the side of it. In this way, cables with smaller 5 pin USB 2.0 Micro-B plugs can be plugged into devices with 10 contact USB 3.0 Micro-B receptacles and achieve backward compatibility. 2105:

Micro-A and Micro-B have one more contact than Standard-A and Standard-B in order for hardware with a Micro-AB receptacle to discern Micro-A from Micro-B and behave as a host or device accordingly.

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OTG devices attached either to a peripheral-only B-device or a standard/embedded host have their role fixed by the cable, since in these scenarios it is only possible to attach the cable one way.

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In standard USB, the electrical contacts in a USB connector are protected by an adjacent plastic tongue, and the entire connecting assembly is usually protected by an enclosing metal shell.

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On Dell, HP and Toshiba laptops, sleep-and-charge USB ports are marked with the standard USB symbol with an added lightning bolt or battery icon on the right side. Dell calls this feature

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On January 8, 2018, USB-IF announced the Certified USB Fast Charger logo for chargers that use the Programmable Power Supply (PPS) protocol from the USB Power Delivery 3.0 specification.

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In October 2023, the USB PD promoter group launched revision 3.2 of the specification. The AVS protocol now works with the old standard power range (SPR), down to a minimum of 9 V.

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size, all of which were deprecated in USB 3.2 in favor of Type-C. There are five speeds for USB data transfer: Low Speed, Full Speed, High Speed (from version 2.0 of the specification),

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The different A and B plugs prevent accidentally connecting two power sources. However, some of this directed topology is lost with the advent of multi-purpose USB connections (such as

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The Micro-AB receptacle is capable of accepting Micro-A and Micro-B plugs, attached to any of the legal cables and adapters as defined in revision 1.01 of the Micro-USB specification.

2645:(DCP) without data. Dedicated charging ports can be found on USB power adapters to run attached devices and battery packs. Charging ports on a host with both kinds will be labeled. 4580: 139:

Non-standard USB extension cable, plug on the left, receptacle on the right. (USB does not allow extension cables. Non-standard cables may work but cannot be presumed reliable.)

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The following 10 biggest mobile phone companies have signed the MoU: Apple, LG, Motorola, NEC, Nokia, Qualcomm, Research In Motion, Samsung, Sony Ericsson, Texas Instruments

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Before the Battery Charging Specification was defined, there was no standardized way for the portable device to inquire how much current was available. For example, Apple's

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The tolerance on V_BUS at an upstream (or host) connector was originally ±5% (i.e. could lie anywhere in the range 4.75 V to 5.25 V). With the release of the

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The USB 3.0 standard does not directly specify a maximum cable length, requiring only that all cables meet an electrical specification: for copper cabling with

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As of 2024 mainstream USB PD charging controllers support up to 100 W through a single port, with a few up to 140 W and custom built up to 180 W.

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port may want to charge and access a USB peripheral simultaneously, yet having only a single port (both due to On-The-Go and space requirement) prevents this.

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are required to use a USB port as a power port for battery charging. This was the first standard to use the convention of shorting D+ and D− in the charger.

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The USB standards do not exhaustively list all combinations with one Type-A and one Type-B connector, however, most such cables have good chances of working.

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host to device chain, at steady state. Note that under transient conditions the supply at the device can momentarily drop from 4.0 V to 3.67 V.

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while the Micro-B connector is 6.85 by 1.8 mm (0.270 by 0.071 in) with a maximum overmold size of 10.6 by 8.5 mm (0.42 by 0.33 in).

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The USB Power Delivery specification revision 3.0 defines an optional Programmable Power Supply (PPS) protocol that allows granular control over V

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is also mentioned by the specification). Thus, to support SuperSpeed data transmission, cables contain twice as many wires and are larger in diameter.

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USB plugs fit one receptacle with notable exceptions for USB On-The-Go "AB" support and the general backward compatibility of USB 3.0 as shown.

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signaling; 1.2 specifies that charging devices and ports must be designed to tolerate the higher ground voltage difference in High Speed signaling.

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The Type-B plug: This plug has a near square cross-section with the top exterior corners beveled. As part of a removable cable, it inserts into an

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PoweredUSB is a proprietary extension that adds four pins supplying up to 6 A at 5 V, 12 V, or 24 V. It is commonly used in

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delivers 20 W at the normal 5 V. Some of these technologies, such as Quick Charge 4, eventually became compatible with USB PD again.

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on a USB host or hub, and carries both power and data. Captive cables on USB devices such as keyboards or mice terminate with a Type-A plug.

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pulls more current or the device tells the charger to increase the voltage or both to increase power (the details vary between standards).

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The Certified USB Fast Charger logo indicating support for the Programmable Power Supply (PPS) protocol in USB Power Delivery (PD) chargers

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USB cables with standard USB Type-A and Type-B connectors to deliver increased power (more than 7.5 W maximum allowed by the previous

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organized a voluntary Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to adopt micro-USB as a common standard for charging smartphones marketed in the

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High-power devices in USB 2.0 are those that draw more than one unit load (up to a maximum of 5 unit loads). 1 unit load is 100 mA.

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Some devices, when plugged into charging ports, draw even more power (10 watts) than the Battery Charging Specification allows—the

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USB PD charger with new MacBooks, and in June 2023 Framework introduced a 180 W (36 V 5 A) GaN USB PD charger with the Framework 16.

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Some USB devices require more power than is permitted by the specifications for a single port. This is common for external hard and

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A yellow charge-only "USB" Type-A receptacle and a USB 3.0 Type-A receptacle, both upside-down, on a front panel with card reader

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The thinner Micro-USB connectors were intended to replace the Mini connectors in devices manufactured since May 2007, including

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Micro-USB was endorsed as the standard connector for data and power on mobile devices by the cellular phone carrier group

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in smartphones, and USB-powered Wi-Fi routers), which require A-to-A, B-to-B, and sometimes Y/splitter cables. See the

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transmitted and used in both residential and public buildings. The standard is designed to coexist with the previous

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Mini-USB connectors were introduced together with USB 2.0 in April 2000, mostly used with smaller devices such as

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variable up to 5 A and 20 V depending on supported profile. The power configuration protocol can use

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USB 3.0 provides two additional differential pairs (four wires, SSTx+, SSTx−, SSRx+ and SSRx−), providing

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The Type-A plug. This plug has an elongated rectangular cross-section, inserts into a Type-A receptacle on a

269:

shown end-on, not to scale. Light areas represent cavities. The plugs are pictured with USB logo to the top.

3256: 3084: 2591:>20 V (>60 W) operation requires an electronically marked Extended Power Range (EPR) cable. 862: 3774: 195:, and the connectors would be used more frequently, and perhaps with less care, than previous connectors. 191:

The standard connectors were designed to be more robust than many past connectors. This is because USB is

2691:

are devices that provide portable charging power to an On-The-Go connection between host and peripheral.

1037:+5 V power for active cables, and a configuration pin for cable orientation detection and dedicated 5563: 4371: 3224:) announced that its members had agreed on Micro-USB as the future common connector for mobile devices. 3093:

Prior to Power Delivery, mobile phone vendors used custom protocols to exceed the 7.5 W cap on the

2983: 939:

USB cables exist with various combinations of plugs on each end of the cable, as displayed below in the

5815:"How to configure the system to charge devices over USB port when it is off - idea/Lenovo laptops - NL" 5517: 3654: 824: 164:

the gripping force from the receptacle, with no screws, clips, or thumb-turns as other connectors use.

5063: 4220: 4088: 4980: 4068: 3384:

In addition to limiting the total average power used by the device, the USB specification limits the

2285:

Low-power devices are those which draw less than 1 unit load. 1 unit load is 100 mA for USB 2.0

6257: 4959: 4458: 3802: 3060:

profiles, power supplies may support any maximum source output power from 0.5 W to 100 W.

6552: 5898: 3231:(GSMA) followed suit on February 17, 2009, and on April 22, 2009, this was further endorsed by the 3494:(Technical report) (Revision 2.0 ed.). USB-IF. 2000-04-27. 6.4.4 Prohibited Cable Assemblies. 4873: 3854: 3045: 2577:>3 A (>20 W) operation requires an electronically marked cable rated at 5 A. 2156: 237: 32:

Proprietary UC-E6 connector used on many older Japanese cameras for both USB and analog AV output

5977: 4268:"DisplayPort Alternate Mode for USB Type-C Announced - Video, Power, & Data All Over Type-C" 3270:

made USB-C compulsory as a mobile phone charging standard from 2024, and for laptops from 2026.

6521: 6392: 3025: 2239: 2160: 1061: 812: 4633: 2074:); however, these have a pair of USB devices in the middle, making them more than just cables. 874: 6593: 6232: 4894: 2270:

specifications require that all devices must operate down to 4.00 V at the device port.

2252: 2230:

Worst-case voltage drop topology of a USB 2.0 host to low-power device chain, at steady state

2116: 878: 218:

devices must either fit within the size restrictions or support a compliant cable that does.

5540:"How fast can a fast-charging phone charge if a fast-charging phone can charge really fast?" 3607: 1044:

Full-featured USB-C 3.1 cables contain a full set of wires and are "electronically marked" (

3562: 3441: 3094: 2251:

while still maintaining backwards compatibility with USB 2.0 by requiring various forms of

2067: 836: 395: 6099: 6071:"The Wireless Association Announces One Universal Charger Solution to Celebrate Earth Day" 4930: 4805:"Universal Serial Bus 2.0 Specification, Section 7.2.1.4 High-power Bus-powered Functions" 4010: 3886: 8: 4773:"Universal Serial Bus 2.0 Specification, Section 7.2.1.3 Low-power Bus-powered Functions" 3248: 3232: 2197: 2193:), which is close to the maximum achievable transmission speed for standard copper wire. 2071: 548: 6175:"One size-fits-all mobile phone charger: IEC publishes first globally relevant standard" 5880: 4604: 3514: 119:

intended for mobile equipment, which was deprecated when it was replaced by the thinner

5349: 4804: 4772: 3953: 3458: 3366: 3149:

laptops, sleep-and-charge USB ports are marked with a non-standard symbol (the letters

2246:

at higher currents. The USB 2.0 specification (and therefore implicitly also the USB 3.

1045: 5814: 5154: 5019: 3071: 25:

Various legacy USB connectors along a centimeter ruler for scale. From left to right:

6578: 6573: 6509: 6504: 6364: 6074: 5519:

Universal Serial Bus Power Delivery Specification revision 3.2, version 1.0

5159:

Universal Serial Bus Power Delivery Specification revision 3.1, version 1.0

5126:

Universal Serial Bus Power Delivery Specification revision 3.0, version 1.1

5095:

Universal Serial Bus Power Delivery Specification revision 2.0, version 1.2

4131:"Apple's Lightning to Micro-USB adapter now available in US, not just Europe anymore" 3412: 3316: 3290: 3174: 3041: 1038: 3024:

coding over the CC (configuration channel) wire if one is present, or a 24 MHz

6124: 5194:"USB 3.0 Promoter Group Announces Availability of USB Power Delivery Specification" 3389: 3370: 2258:

USB PD continues the use of the bilateral 5% tolerance, with allowable voltages of

980: 69: 6492: 3374: 3228: 1316: 1232: 758: 135: 101: 38:

Standard-A receptacle (non-compliant because USB does not allow extension cables)

5428:"USB-IF Introduces Fast Charging to Expand its Certified USB Charger Initiative" 5310: 4866:"I have the drive plugged in but I cannot find the drive in "My Computer", why?" 2200: 26 wires the maximum practical length is 3 metres (9 ft 10 in). 6583: 5923: 4544: 3713:"Universal Serial Bus Revision 3.0 Specification, Sections 3.1.1.1 and 5.3.1.3" 3437: 3397: 3385: 3252: 1606: 750: 5601: 4343:"On-The-Go and Embedded Host Supplement to the USB Revision 3.0 Specification" 3538: 2543:

Up to 5 unit loads; with non-SuperSpeed devices, one unit load is 100 mA.

905: 68:

devices; modern versions of the standard extend the power delivery limits for

6618: 6542: 6497: 6469: 5761: 5293:"USB Power Delivery v2.0 Specification Finalized - USB Gains Alternate Modes" 3433: 3217: 2999:) specification (USB PD rev. 1), an extension that specifies using certified 2684: 2243: 2163:, which additionally require shielding (typically, shielded twisted pair but 1564: 983:

in the device is used to detect the presence or absence of an ID connection.

965: 960: 168: 152:. The official USB specification documents also periodically define the term 88: 6174: 4522: 4394:"Review: Logitech's Ultrathin mini keyboard cover makes the wrong tradeoffs" 3532:"USB 2.0 Specification Engineering Change Notice (ECN) #1: Mini-B connector" 2606:

which is 100 mA for USB 2.0, or 150 mA for SuperSpeed (i.e. USB 3.

914: 6624: 6357: 6281: 5346:

Universal Serial Bus Power Delivery Specification revision 2.0, version 1.2

3411:

is one such device; it negotiates the current pull with data pin voltages.

3350: 3311: 3185: 3146: 3121: 3098: 2703: 2152: 2148: 1026: 630: 192: 77: 61: 4317:

Universal Serial Bus Type-C Cable and Connector Specification, Release 2.2

3775:"What is the Difference between USB Type A and USB Type B Plug/Connector?" 3601:"Universal Serial Bus Cables and Connectors Class Document – Revision 2.0" 3278:

A variety of (non-USB) standards support charging devices faster than the

3263:

released its version of the (EU's) common EPS standard as IEC 62684:2011.

2561:

Up to 6 unit loads; with multi-lane devices, one unit load is 250 mA.

2552:

Up to 6 unit loads; with SuperSpeed devices, one unit load is 150 mA.

1482: 6046:"Meeting the challenge of the universal charge standard in mobile phones" 4737: 4426: 3827:"ID Pin Resistance on Mini B-plugs and Micro B-plugs Increased to 1 Mohm" 3453: 2408:

Single-lane SuperSpeed+ (USB 3.2 Gen2x1, and former USB 3.1 Gen2) device

2099: 2024: 1735: 1523: 1400: 1176: 762: 256: 244: 227: 6479: 2991:

In July 2012, the USB Promoters Group announced the finalization of the

1441: 1359: 1275: 1189: 6598: 6557: 5564:"Qualcomm Announces Quick Charge 4: Supports USB Type-C Power Delivery" 3427: 3415: 3037: 2209: 866: 820: 754: 273: 252: 124: 65: 5949:"Broad Manufacturer Agreement Gives Universal Phone Cable Green Light" 5090: 4708: 4040:"Commission welcomes new EU standards for common mobile phone charger" 1123: 1105: 782: 761:. The Mini-A connector and the Mini-AB receptacle connector have been 6307:"Watt to Know About iPhone & iPad Power Adapters | Analysis" 5253: 4272: 3401: 3378: 3204:

group (a forum of mobile network operators and manufacturers such as

3142: 1016: 766: 262: 6258:"How does fast charging work? Here's every single standard compared" 3682:"Universal Serial Bus Micro-USB Cables and Connectors Specification" 2242:

elected to increase the upper voltage limit to 5.5 V to combat

2147:

The D± signals used by low, full, and high speed are carried over a

6200:"Common charger: MEPs agree on proposal to reduce electronic waste" 3801:(Press release). USB Implementers Forum. 2007-05-27. Archived from 3308: 3213: 2127: 1020:

USB cable with a USB-C plug and a USB-C port on a notebook computer

854:

Micro-USB was embraced as the "Universal Charging Solution" by the

765:

since May 2007. Mini-B connectors are still supported, but are not

627: 105: 3918:"Micro-USB mobile phone/smartphone cable connector pinout diagram" 1988: 1727: 1168: 1004: 833:

Universal Serial Bus Micro-USB Cables and Connectors Specification

796: 540: 6588: 6454: 6449: 6444: 6439: 3335: 3209: 591: 76:. USB has been selected as the standard charging format for many 21: 5899:"How to conform to China's new mobile phone interface standards" 5267: 5121: 4515:"USB Frequently Asked Questions: Cables and Long-Haul Solutions" 3862:, Revision 2.0, USB Implementers Forum, August 2007, p. 6, 3418:

devices also require a special charger that runs at 1.9 A.

896: 552:

A blue Standard-A USB receptacle without USB 3.0 contacts fitted

60:

cables include additional data paths. The USB standard included

6603: 6547: 3343: 3302: 3296: 3158: 2671: 2164: 870: 646: 96:

USB connector plugs, omitting the current standard Type-C plugs

56:

paths. All versions of USB specify cable properties; version 3.

5603:

140W PD 3.1 Power Adapters, the future of USB C Power Delivery

5588:"Teardown of Anker 140W PD3.1 USB-C GaN Charger (717 Charger)" 1947: 1828: 1718: 1691: 1159: 1150: 741: 6459: 4298:

Universal Serial Bus Type-C Cable and Connector Specification

3205: 3189: 2238:

specification in 2014 and its 3 A power capability, the

2235: 2140: 1906: 1869: 1789: 1748: 1709: 1700: 1682: 1673: 1141: 1132: 1114: 1096: 1009: 999: 680:

High-retention connector, mostly used on industrial hardware

6231:

Kumar, Ajay; Winkelman, Steven; LeClair, Dave (2022-07-27).

3662: 6464: 6256:

Hill, Simon; Revilla, Andre; Chandler, Simon (2021-07-01).

3408: 3323: 3137:, and it needs to be enabled in the BIOS. Toshiba calls it 3102: 2708: 2675:

2.0 V, the device may pull up to 2 A of current.

2667: 890: 200: 73: 5180:"USB 3.0 SuperSpeed Update to Eliminate Need for Chargers" 3101:

2.0 is able to deliver 18 W at a higher voltage, and

708:

Pin configuration of Type-A and Type-B plugs viewed end-on

687:

inserts for Standard-A USB 3.0 connectors and plugs.

6380: 6177:. International Electrotechnical Commission. 2011-02-01. 3856:

Universal Serial Bus Cables and Connectors Class Document

2143:. The wires are enclosed in a further layer of shielding. 115:, format intended for desktop or portable equipment, the 52: 5460:

USB-C Power Delivery Hits 240W with Extended Power Range

4324:(Technical report). USB 3.0 Promoter Group. October 2022 4242:"Technical Introduction of the New USB Type-C Connector" 3195: 1071: 1056:

3.2 Gen 2x2, USB4 2x2, USB4 3x2, USB Gen 4 Asymmetric).

148:, and the connector attached to the cable is called the 6249: 5924:"Pros Seem to Outdo Cons in New Phone Charger Standard" 3221: 3044:-coded data channel that reduces the possibilities for 2602:

The limit to device power draw is stated in terms of a

2093:

since Type-B ports on devices are unpowered by default.

175:

section below for a more detailed summary description.

6349: 5012:"Minty Boost — The mysteries of Apple device charging" 4109:"Nice Micro-USB Adapter Apple, Now Sell It Everywhere" 3242: 2255:

before increasing the nominal voltage above 5 V.

1654:

No corresponding Micro-A receptacle was ever designed.

1048:): they contain a "eMarker" chip that responds to the 704: 111:

The three sizes of USB connectors are the default, or

80:, reducing the proliferation of proprietary chargers. 6332:"Nook Color charger uses special Micro-USB connector" 6230: 3892:(Press release). USB Implementers Forum. 2007-01-04. 3606:. USB Implementers Forum. August 2007. Archived from 2651:

Per the base specification, any device attached to a

2109: 5624:"Framework Laptop 16 Deep Dive - 180W Power Adapter" 5494:"Framework Laptop 16 Deep Dive - 180W Power Adapter" 5473:"Teardown of Brand New Apple 140W USB-C GaN Charger" 5348:, USB Implementers Forum, 2016-03-25, archived from 5034:"Modify a cheap USB charger to feed an iPod, iPhone" 4958:. USB Implementers Forum. 2009-04-15. Archived from 3952:. USB Implementers Forum. 2007-04-07. Archived from 3910: 3510:

Universal Serial Bus 3.0 Specification: Revision 1.0

3153:

over a drawing of a battery); the feature is called

2678: 2214:

Downstream USB connectors supply power at a nominal

6255: 4981:"Battery Charging v1.2 Spec and Adopters Agreement" 4634:"Battery Charging v1.2 Spec and Adopters Agreement" 3887:"Mobile phones to adopt new, smaller USB connector" 5217: 4300:Revision 1.1 (April 3, 2015), section 2.2, page 20 3796:"Deprecation of the Mini-A and Mini-AB Connectors" 3168: 835:details the mechanical characteristics of Micro-A 811:Micro-USB connectors, which were announced by the 528:In some sources D+ and D− are erroneously swapped. 6146:"Europe gets universal cellphone charger in 2010" 6073:(Press release). CTIA. 2009-04-22. Archived from 5951:(Press release). OTMP. 2007-09-17. Archived from 5448:USB-PD boosts USB-C power delivery to 240W at 48V 4973: 3595: 3593: 3591: 3589: 3587: 3388:(i.e., the current used to charge decoupling and 1080:USB connector mating table (images not to scale) 6616: 6098:(Press release). ITU. 2009-10-22. Archived from 4070:New EU standards for common mobile phone charger 3944: 3942: 2942: 2940: 2587: 2585: 2583: 2288: 2159:. SuperSpeed uses separate transmit and receive 5840:"China to enforce universal cell phone charger" 4157:"USB Type-C Connector Specifications Finalized" 3626:"USB Type-C Connector Specifications Finalized" 3486: 3484: 3482: 3480: 3478: 3476: 3474: 3261:International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 2795: 2573: 2571: 2569: 2567: 2279: 2221: 1646: 4956:"Battery Charging Specification, Revision 1.1" 4931:"Battery Charging Specification, Revision 1.2" 3584: 3503: 3501: 2934:current standard, not required on older cables 16:Communication connector using the USB protocol 6365: 5992:"Common Charging and Local Data Connectivity" 4674:"USB Power Delivery Specifications 2.0 and 3" 4150: 4148: 3939: 3097:Specification (BCS). For example, Qualcomm's 2987:Power rule of USB Power Delivery Revision 3.1 2937: 2580: 486: 172: 5974:"Agreement on Mobile phone Standard Charger" 5966: 5311:"USB Future Specifications Industry Reviews" 4483:"What is the Maximum Length of a USB Cable?" 3982:"OMTP Local Connectivity: Data Connectivity" 3849: 3847: 3829:. USB IF Compliance Updates. December 2009. 3471: 3273: 2751: 2737: 2564: 2305:Worst-case voltage drop topology of a USB 3. 2139:conductors are twisted together in a double 2023: 1734: 1605: 1175: 6096:"Universal Phone Charger Standard Approved" 4925: 4923: 4921: 4919: 4259: 4234: 4213:"USB Type-C: One Cable to Connect Them All" 4183:"USB-C vs. USB 3.1: What's the difference?" 3746:"USB: a neat package with a few loose ends" 3676: 3674: 3672: 3498: 3125:A yellow USB port denoting sleep-and-charge 2218:via the V_BUS pin to upstream USB devices. 1648: 954: 665: 6372: 6358: 5976:(Press release). GSM World. Archived from 5149: 5147: 5145: 5116: 5114: 5085: 5083: 5006: 5004: 4174: 4145: 3790: 3788: 6226: 6224: 6021:"Universal Charging Solution ~ GSM World" 5362: 4310: 4308: 4306: 3844: 3555: 3526: 3524: 3513:. 2011-06-06. p. 531. Archived from 3279: 3116: 3013: 3004: 2663:port detection via resistive mechanisms. 2313: 729:The maximum allowed cross-section of the 5051: 5049: 5047: 4948: 4916: 4738:"Universal Serial Bus 1.1 Specification" 4391: 4017:(press release). Pressinfo. 2009-10-22. 3969:as defined in the USB OTG specification. 3743: 3669: 3120: 3070: 2982: 2702: 2300: 2225: 2126: 1015: 1003: 945: 904: 861:In Europe, micro-USB became the defined 740: 703: 547: 539: 524: 522: 272: 261: 134: 87: 20: 5897:Lam, Crystal; Liu, Harry (2007-10-22). 5837: 5510: 5177: 5142: 5111: 5080: 5001: 4701: 4204: 3785: 3360: 2621: 2380:High-power SuperSpeed (USB 3.0) device 1049: 130: 6617: 6221: 5896: 5396: 5097:, USB Implementers Forum, 2016-03-25, 4986:. USB Implementers Forum. 2012-03-15. 4933:. USB Implementers Forum. 2012-03-15. 4509: 4507: 4423:"What Is the USB 3.0 Cable Difference" 4303: 4180: 3687:. USB Implementers Forum. 2007-04-04. 3521: 3184:As of 14 June 2007, all new 2956: 2954: 2952: 2932:label required on both plug bodies by 2767: 2745: 2352:Low-power SuperSpeed (USB 3.0) device 745:Mini-A (left) and Mini-B (right) plugs 699: 6353: 5462:. Ganesh T S, Anandtech. May 28, 2021 5450:. Nick Flaherty, EENews. May 28, 2021 5044: 4668: 4666: 4664: 4265: 4154: 3436:systems to power peripherals such as 3237:International Telecommunication Union 3196:OMTP/GSMA Universal Charging Solution 3108: 2698: 1072:Host and device interface receptacles 901:connectors and backward compatibility 856:International Telecommunication Union 519: 6123:. EU: EC. 2009-06-29. Archived from 5379:. USB-IF. 2016-10-20. Archived from 4425:. Hantat. 2009-05-18. Archived from 4364:"Proprietary Cables vs Standard USB" 3028:-coded transmission channel on the V 2963: 267:Standard, Mini-, and Micro-USB plugs 5057:"USB Power Delivery — Introduction" 4542: 4504: 4210: 3744:Quinnell, Richard A. (1996-10-24). 3268:Radio Equipment Directive 2022/2380 3255:. The specification was called the 3243:EU smartphone power supply standard 2949: 2923: 2555: 772: 232:USB 2.0 uses two wires for power (V 13: 4661: 4643:. 2015-03-15. Table 5-1 Voltages. 3492:Universal Serial Bus Specification 2972:label required on both plug bodies 2110:Proprietary connectors and formats 873:equipped with Apple's proprietary 736: 690: 14: 6636: 4747:. 1998-09-23. pp. 150, 158. 3623: 3369:, and generally for devices with 2689:Accessory charging adapters (ACA) 2679:Accessory charging adapters (ACA) 2151:(typically unshielded) to reduce 2131:A USB twisted pair, in which the 492:"A" plug (host): connected to GND 6324: 6299: 6274: 6192: 6167: 6138: 6113: 6088: 6063: 6038: 6013: 5984: 5941: 5916: 5890: 5867:The Chinese technical standard: 5861: 5831: 5807: 5040:from the original on 2011-10-07. 4605:"USB ECN USB 2.0 VBUS Max Limit" 4119:from the original on 2012-08-26. 3781:from the original on 2017-02-07. 3326:Flash Charge, are also known as 2748: 2716:USB PD Rev. 1.0 source profiles 1987: 1946: 1905: 1868: 1827: 1788: 1747: 1726: 1717: 1708: 1699: 1690: 1681: 1672: 1563: 1522: 1481: 1440: 1399: 1358: 1315: 1274: 1231: 1188: 1167: 1158: 1149: 1140: 1131: 1122: 1113: 1104: 1095: 842: 795: 781: 495:"B" plug (device): not connected 482: 238:differential serial data signals 212: 72:and devices requiring up to 240 6406: 6313:from the original on 2011-12-10 6288:from the original on 2014-12-24 6181:from the original on 2012-01-03 6156:from the original on 2010-08-18 6048:. Planet Analog. Archived from 5905:from the original on 2014-05-14 5850:from the original on 2007-09-29 5783: 5772:from the original on 2014-12-14 5754: 5743:from the original on 2013-11-08 5725: 5700: 5689:from the original on 2014-02-19 5669: 5658:from the original on 2016-09-17 5640: 5616: 5594: 5580: 5556: 5532: 5486: 5465: 5453: 5441: 5420: 5409:from the original on 2017-07-30 5399:"USB Power Delivery 2.0 vs 3.0" 5390: 5334: 5323:from the original on 2014-07-29 5303: 5285: 5274:from the original on 2012-06-19 5260: 5246: 5235:from the original on 2013-10-22 5206:from the original on 2013-01-20 5186: 5171: 5132:from the original on 2024-05-26 5101:from the original on 2024-05-26 5026: 4990:from the original on 2014-10-06 4937:from the original on 2021-03-10 4905:from the original on 2014-02-03 4887: 4858: 4829: 4818:from the original on 2013-09-10 4797: 4786:from the original on 2013-09-10 4765: 4754:from the original on 2015-01-02 4730: 4719:from the original on 2012-06-19 4690:from the original on 2021-11-03 4650:from the original on 2021-11-03 4626: 4615:from the original on 2021-11-03 4597: 4586:from the original on 2021-11-03 4562: 4551:from the original on 2016-12-20 4536: 4493:from the original on 2017-12-01 4475: 4440: 4415: 4404:from the original on 2013-11-03 4385: 4356: 4335: 4291: 4280:from the original on 2014-12-18 4193:from the original on 2015-04-11 4163:from the original on 2014-12-28 4141:from the original on 2017-06-26 4123: 4101: 4097:from the original on 2009-07-04 4081: 4077:from the original on 2011-01-03 4061: 4050:from the original on 2011-03-19 4032: 4021:from the original on 2009-11-05 4003: 3974: 3928:from the original on 2024-05-27 3899:from the original on 2007-01-08 3879: 3869:from the original on 2015-04-27 3833:from the original on 2011-07-20 3819: 3767: 3756:from the original on 2013-05-23 3737: 3705: 3694:from the original on 2015-11-15 3636:from the original on 2017-03-18 3573:from the original on 2014-04-21 3233:CTIA – The Wireless Association 3169:Mobile device charger standards 2546: 2537: 909:USB 3.0 Micro-B SuperSpeed plug 4448:"USB Cable Length Limitations" 3647: 3617: 3356:Samsung Adaptive Fast Charging 2813:USB Power Delivery rev. 2.0/3. 2707:The USB Type-C Charging logo ( 2520:Power Delivery 3.1 EPR Type-C 2506:Power Delivery 3.1 EPR Type-C 2492:Power Delivery 3.1 EPR Type-C 2478:Power Delivery 3.0 SPR Type-C 613:Type-A or Type-B, SuperSpeed+ 1: 5996:Open Mobile Terminal Platform 3986:Open Mobile Terminal Platform 3464: 3421: 3202:Open Mobile Terminal Platform 849:Open Mobile Terminal Platform 600:Type-A or Type-B, SuperSpeed 489:ID distinguishes cable ends: 186: 160:to represent the receptacle. 83: 6413: 6338:. 2011-07-03. Archived from 6206:. 2022-04-20. Archived from 5998:. 2009-02-11. Archived from 5879:(in Chinese). Archived from 5762:"USB Sleep-and-Charge Ports" 5397:Waters, Deric (2016-07-14). 5268:"USB 3.1 Specification" 5178:Burgess, Rick (2013-04-22). 5062:. 2012-07-16. Archived from 5018:. 2011-05-17. Archived from 4843:. 2010-06-16. Archived from 4457:. 2010-11-03. Archived from 4392:Friedman, Lex (2013-02-25). 4370:. 2008-04-30. Archived from 3988:. 2007-09-17. Archived from 3537:. 2000-10-20. Archived from 3257:common external power supply 2222:Voltage tolerance and limits 863:common external power supply 305:SuperSpeed transmit+ (SSTx+) 302:SuperSpeed transmit− (SSTx−) 251:, which makes it similar to 51:The initial versions of the 7: 6023:. GSM world. Archived from 5901:. Wireless Net DesignLine. 5677:"Toshiba NB200 User Manual" 5430:(Press release). 2018-01-09 4895:"USB-IF Compliance Updates" 4352:. Revision 1.1. 2012-05-10. 4181:Hruska, Joel (2015-03-13). 4155:Howse, Brett (2014-08-12). 3447: 3179: 2960:USB PD Extended Power Range 825:personal digital assistants 413:Mini/Micro-A and -B pinout 314:SuperSpeed receive+ (SSRx+) 311:SuperSpeed receive− (SSRx−) 156:to represent the plug, and 10: 6641: 6420: 5128:, USB Implementers Forum, 4266:Smith, Ryan (2014-09-22). 3425: 3377:. Such devices can use an 3188:applying for a license in 3172: 2683:Portable devices having a 2394:Battery Charging (BC) 1.2 2207: 2122: 1645: 997: 958: 932:to those of USB 1.0. 912: 225: 221: 6566: 6535: 6478: 6432: 6387: 4570:"USB Type-C Revision 1.0" 4093:(press release), Europa, 4073:(press release), Europa, 3274:Faster-charging standards 2919: 2898: 2892: 2846: 2840: 2791: 2533: 671: 655: 653: 636: 617: 604: 587: 574: 572: 561: 535: 383: 332: 6553:USB flash drive security 6233:"What Is Fast Charging?" 5733:"USB PowerShare Feature" 5708:"USB PowerShare Feature" 5522:, USB Implementers Forum 5161:, USB Implementers Forum 4545:"USB 3.0 Developers FAQ" 4211:Ngo, Dong (2014-08-22). 3286:Such standards include: 2879:5 A, or 100 W 2801:Default start-up profile 2653:standard downstream port 2639:charging downstream port 2203: 993: 955:USB On-The-Go connectors 173:USB On-The-Go connectors 6379: 3200:In September 2007, the 2787:5.0 A, 100 W 2643:dedicated charging port 2641:(CDP), with data, or a 2464:Power Delivery 3.0 SPR 2450:Power Delivery 3.0 SPR 2436:Power Delivery 3.0 SPR 2422:Power Delivery 3.0 SPR 950:USB 3.0 Standard-B plug 858:(ITU) in October 2009. 557:Usual USB color-coding 278:Micro-B SuperSpeed plug 6393:USB Implementers Forum 5838:Cai Yan (2007-05-31). 4577:USB 3.0 Promoter Group 4322:USB Implementers Forum 4046:. Europa. 2010-12-29. 3126: 3117:Sleep-and-charge ports 3076: 3056:-powered accessories. 2988: 2784:5.0 A, 60 W 2776:3.0 A, 60 W 2768:3.0 A, 36 W 2760:1.5 A, 18 W 2746:2.0 A, 10 W 2712: 2314:Allowable current draw 2310: 2231: 2144: 2066:Existing for specific 2063:Proprietary, hazardous 2028: 1739: 1610: 1180: 1021: 1013: 951: 910: 746: 709: 623:Receptacles and plugs 610:Receptacles and plugs 597:Receptacles and plugs 580:Receptacles and plugs 553: 545: 318: 270: 236:and GND), and two for 140: 97: 48: 6282:"Part 2 - Electrical" 5648:"ThinkPad Ultra Dock" 3563:"USB connector guide" 3442:credit card terminals 3400:, and even miniature 3379:external power supply 3124: 3074: 2986: 2946:Electronically marked 2706: 2622:USB battery charging 2304: 2229: 2130: 2027: 1738: 1609: 1179: 1019: 1007: 949: 908: 875:30-pin dock connector 744: 707: 551: 543: 322:Type-A and -B pinout 276: 265: 138: 91: 24: 6309:. The Mac Observer. 5791:"USB Charge Manager" 5370:"USB Power Delivery" 5254:"USB Power Delivery" 3551:– via USB.org. 3361:Non-standard devices 3280:USB Battery Charging 3139:USB Sleep-and-Charge 3095:USB Battery Charging 3014:USB Battery Charging 3005:USB Battery Charging 2627:USB Battery Charging 2319:USB power standards 2210:USB hub § Power 2068:proprietary purposes 915:USB 3.0 § Connectors 700:Standard connectors 178:There are so-called 131:Connector properties 6284:. MQP Electronics. 6204:European Parliament 5342:"A. Power Profiles" 4368:anythingbutipod.com 3367:optical disc drives 3249:European Commission 3161:calls this feature 2818: 2717: 2699:USB Power Delivery 2320: 2072:Easy Transfer Cable 1663: 1081: 881:. according to the 879:Lightning connector 831:disconnection. The 558: 414: 323: 6336:barnesandnoble.com 5819:support.lenovo.com 5682:. UK. 2009-03-01. 5225:"Edison's revenge" 4899:Compliance.usb.org 3459:USB communications 3413:Barnes & Noble 3247:In June 2009, the 3127: 3109:Charge controllers 3077: 2993:USB Power Delivery 2989: 2812: 2715: 2713: 2711:20 Gbps port) 2366:High-power device 2318: 2311: 2232: 2161:differential pairs 2145: 2029: 1740: 1661: 1611: 1561:USB 3.0 Micro-B SS 1181: 1079: 1050:USB Power Delivery 1022: 1014: 972:-AB receptacles.) 952: 911: 747: 710: 645:Type-A or Type-C, 626:Type-A or Type-B, 556: 554: 546: 412: 321: 319: 271: 247:data transfers at 141: 100:Unlike other data 98: 49: 6612: 6611: 6579:Ethernet over USB 6574:Enhanced mini-USB 4455:cablesplususa.com 3390:filter capacitors 3175:Universal charger 2981: 2980: 2810: 2809: 2637:, which may be a 2600: 2599: 2338:Low-power device 2057: 2056: 1662:USB cables table 1659: 1658: 1655: 1053:Discover Identity 1039:biphase mark code 941:USB cables matrix 773:Micro connectors 684: 683: 677:Receptacles only 661:Receptacles only 631:Quick Charge (QC) 583:Type-A or Type-B 515: 514: 410: 409: 228:USB 3.0 § Pinouts 6632: 6423: 6416: 6409: 6402: 6395: 6374: 6367: 6360: 6351: 6350: 6344: 6343: 6328: 6322: 6321: 6319: 6318: 6303: 6297: 6296: 6294: 6293: 6278: 6272: 6271: 6269: 6268: 6253: 6247: 6246: 6244: 6243: 6228: 6219: 6218: 6216: 6215: 6196: 6190: 6189: 6187: 6186: 6171: 6165: 6164: 6162: 6161: 6142: 6136: 6135: 6133: 6132: 6117: 6111: 6110: 6108: 6107: 6092: 6086: 6085: 6083: 6082: 6067: 6061: 6060: 6058: 6057: 6042: 6036: 6035: 6033: 6032: 6017: 6011: 6010: 6008: 6007: 5988: 5982: 5981: 5970: 5964: 5963: 5961: 5960: 5945: 5939: 5938: 5936: 5935: 5920: 5914: 5913: 5911: 5910: 5894: 5888: 5887: 5885: 5874: 5865: 5859: 5858: 5856: 5855: 5835: 5829: 5828: 5826: 5825: 5811: 5805: 5804: 5802: 5801: 5787: 5781: 5780: 5778: 5777: 5758: 5752: 5751: 5749: 5748: 5729: 5723: 5722: 5720: 5719: 5704: 5698: 5697: 5695: 5694: 5688: 5681: 5673: 5667: 5666: 5664: 5663: 5644: 5638: 5637: 5635: 5634: 5620: 5614: 5613: 5612: 5611: 5598: 5592: 5591: 5584: 5578: 5577: 5575: 5574: 5560: 5554: 5553: 5551: 5550: 5536: 5530: 5529: 5528: 5527: 5514: 5508: 5507: 5505: 5504: 5490: 5484: 5483: 5481: 5480: 5469: 5463: 5457: 5451: 5445: 5439: 5438: 5436: 5435: 5424: 5418: 5417: 5415: 5414: 5394: 5388: 5387: 5385: 5374: 5366: 5360: 5359: 5358: 5357: 5338: 5332: 5331: 5329: 5328: 5322: 5315: 5307: 5301: 5300: 5289: 5283: 5282: 5280: 5279: 5264: 5258: 5257: 5250: 5244: 5243: 5241: 5240: 5221: 5215: 5214: 5212: 5211: 5205: 5198: 5190: 5184: 5183: 5175: 5169: 5168: 5167: 5166: 5155:"10 Power Rules" 5151: 5140: 5139: 5138: 5137: 5122:"10 Power Rules" 5118: 5109: 5108: 5107: 5106: 5091:"10 Power Rules" 5087: 5078: 5077: 5075: 5074: 5068: 5061: 5053: 5042: 5041: 5030: 5024: 5023: 5008: 4999: 4998: 4996: 4995: 4985: 4977: 4971: 4970: 4968: 4967: 4952: 4946: 4945: 4943: 4942: 4927: 4914: 4913: 4911: 4910: 4891: 4885: 4884: 4882: 4881: 4872:. Archived from 4862: 4856: 4855: 4853: 4852: 4833: 4827: 4826: 4824: 4823: 4809: 4801: 4795: 4794: 4792: 4791: 4777: 4769: 4763: 4762: 4760: 4759: 4753: 4742: 4734: 4728: 4727: 4725: 4724: 4705: 4699: 4698: 4696: 4695: 4689: 4678: 4670: 4659: 4658: 4656: 4655: 4649: 4638: 4630: 4624: 4623: 4621: 4620: 4601: 4595: 4594: 4592: 4591: 4585: 4574: 4566: 4560: 4559: 4557: 4556: 4540: 4534: 4533: 4531: 4530: 4521:. Archived from 4511: 4502: 4501: 4499: 4498: 4479: 4473: 4472: 4470: 4469: 4463: 4452: 4444: 4438: 4437: 4435: 4434: 4419: 4413: 4412: 4410: 4409: 4389: 4383: 4382: 4380: 4379: 4360: 4354: 4353: 4347: 4339: 4333: 4332: 4330: 4329: 4312: 4301: 4295: 4289: 4288: 4286: 4285: 4263: 4257: 4256: 4254: 4253: 4244:. Archived from 4238: 4232: 4231: 4229: 4228: 4219:. Archived from 4208: 4202: 4201: 4199: 4198: 4178: 4172: 4171: 4169: 4168: 4152: 4143: 4142: 4127: 4121: 4120: 4105: 4099: 4098: 4085: 4079: 4078: 4065: 4059: 4058: 4056: 4055: 4036: 4030: 4029: 4027: 4026: 4007: 4001: 4000: 3998: 3997: 3978: 3972: 3971: 3965: 3964: 3958: 3946: 3937: 3936: 3934: 3933: 3914: 3908: 3907: 3905: 3904: 3898: 3891: 3883: 3877: 3876: 3875: 3874: 3868: 3861: 3851: 3842: 3841: 3839: 3838: 3823: 3817: 3816: 3814: 3813: 3807: 3800: 3792: 3783: 3782: 3771: 3765: 3764: 3762: 3761: 3741: 3735: 3734: 3732: 3731: 3725: 3719:. Archived from 3709: 3703: 3702: 3700: 3699: 3693: 3686: 3678: 3667: 3666: 3661:. Archived from 3651: 3645: 3644: 3642: 3641: 3621: 3615: 3614: 3612: 3605: 3597: 3582: 3581: 3579: 3578: 3559: 3553: 3552: 3550: 3549: 3543: 3536: 3528: 3519: 3518: 3505: 3496: 3495: 3488: 3444:, and printers. 2973: 2967: 2961: 2958: 2947: 2944: 2935: 2927: 2819: 2811: 2802: 2799: 2718: 2714: 2592: 2589: 2578: 2575: 2562: 2559: 2553: 2550: 2544: 2541: 2321: 2317: 2295: 2292: 2286: 2283: 2261: 2217: 2192: 2190: 2189: 2182: 2178: 2098: 2089:OTG non-standard 2088: 2079: 2062: 1991: 1950: 1909: 1872: 1831: 1792: 1751: 1730: 1721: 1712: 1703: 1694: 1685: 1676: 1667:Plugs, each end 1664: 1660: 1653: 1652: 1567: 1526: 1485: 1444: 1403: 1362: 1319: 1278: 1235: 1192: 1171: 1162: 1153: 1144: 1135: 1126: 1117: 1108: 1099: 1082: 1078: 1060:line and legacy 981:pull-up resistor 851:(OMTP) in 2007. 799: 785: 759:tablet computers 737:Mini connectors 666:sleep-and-charge 664:High-current or 559: 555: 529: 526: 415: 411: 324: 320: 70:battery charging 6640: 6639: 6635: 6634: 6633: 6631: 6630: 6629: 6615: 6614: 6613: 6608: 6562: 6531: 6517:Human interface 6474: 6428: 6419: 6412: 6405: 6398: 6391: 6383: 6378: 6348: 6347: 6330: 6329: 6325: 6316: 6314: 6305: 6304: 6300: 6291: 6289: 6280: 6279: 6275: 6266: 6264: 6254: 6250: 6241: 6239: 6229: 6222: 6213: 6211: 6198: 6197: 6193: 6184: 6182: 6173: 6172: 6168: 6159: 6157: 6144: 6143: 6139: 6130: 6128: 6119: 6118: 6114: 6105: 6103: 6094: 6093: 6089: 6080: 6078: 6069: 6068: 6064: 6055: 6053: 6044: 6043: 6039: 6030: 6028: 6019: 6018: 6014: 6005: 6003: 5990: 5989: 5985: 5972: 5971: 5967: 5958: 5956: 5947: 5946: 5942: 5933: 5931: 5922: 5921: 5917: 5908: 5906: 5895: 5891: 5883: 5872: 5868: 5866: 5862: 5853: 5851: 5836: 5832: 5823: 5821: 5813: 5812: 5808: 5799: 5797: 5795:packardbell.com 5789: 5788: 5784: 5775: 5773: 5760: 5759: 5755: 5746: 5744: 5731: 5730: 5726: 5717: 5715: 5706: 5705: 5701: 5692: 5690: 5686: 5679: 5675: 5674: 5670: 5661: 5659: 5646: 5645: 5641: 5632: 5630: 5622: 5621: 5617: 5609: 5607: 5600: 5599: 5595: 5586: 5585: 5581: 5572: 5570: 5562: 5561: 5557: 5548: 5546: 5538: 5537: 5533: 5525: 5523: 5516: 5515: 5511: 5502: 5500: 5492: 5491: 5487: 5478: 5476: 5471: 5470: 5466: 5458: 5454: 5446: 5442: 5433: 5431: 5426: 5425: 5421: 5412: 5410: 5395: 5391: 5383: 5372: 5368: 5367: 5363: 5355: 5353: 5340: 5339: 5335: 5326: 5324: 5320: 5313: 5309: 5308: 5304: 5291: 5290: 5286: 5277: 5275: 5266: 5265: 5261: 5252: 5251: 5247: 5238: 5236: 5223: 5222: 5218: 5209: 5207: 5203: 5196: 5192: 5191: 5187: 5176: 5172: 5164: 5162: 5153: 5152: 5143: 5135: 5133: 5120: 5119: 5112: 5104: 5102: 5089: 5088: 5081: 5072: 5070: 5066: 5059: 5055: 5054: 5045: 5032: 5031: 5027: 5010: 5009: 5002: 4993: 4991: 4983: 4979: 4978: 4974: 4965: 4963: 4954: 4953: 4949: 4940: 4938: 4929: 4928: 4917: 4908: 4906: 4893: 4892: 4888: 4879: 4877: 4864: 4863: 4859: 4850: 4848: 4835: 4834: 4830: 4821: 4819: 4807: 4803: 4802: 4798: 4789: 4787: 4775: 4771: 4770: 4766: 4757: 4755: 4751: 4740: 4736: 4735: 4731: 4722: 4720: 4707: 4706: 4702: 4693: 4691: 4687: 4676: 4672: 4671: 4662: 4653: 4651: 4647: 4636: 4632: 4631: 4627: 4618: 4616: 4603: 4602: 4598: 4589: 4587: 4583: 4572: 4568: 4567: 4563: 4554: 4552: 4541: 4537: 4528: 4526: 4513: 4512: 4505: 4496: 4494: 4481: 4480: 4476: 4467: 4465: 4461: 4450: 4446: 4445: 4441: 4432: 4430: 4421: 4420: 4416: 4407: 4405: 4390: 4386: 4377: 4375: 4362: 4361: 4357: 4345: 4341: 4340: 4336: 4327: 4325: 4314: 4313: 4304: 4296: 4292: 4283: 4281: 4264: 4260: 4251: 4249: 4240: 4239: 4235: 4226: 4224: 4209: 4205: 4196: 4194: 4179: 4175: 4166: 4164: 4153: 4146: 4129: 4128: 4124: 4107: 4106: 4102: 4087: 4086: 4082: 4067: 4066: 4062: 4053: 4051: 4038: 4037: 4033: 4024: 4022: 4009: 4008: 4004: 3995: 3993: 3980: 3979: 3975: 3962: 3960: 3956: 3948: 3947: 3940: 3931: 3929: 3922:pinoutguide.com 3916: 3915: 3911: 3902: 3900: 3896: 3889: 3885: 3884: 3880: 3872: 3870: 3866: 3859: 3853: 3852: 3845: 3836: 3834: 3825: 3824: 3820: 3811: 3809: 3805: 3798: 3794: 3793: 3786: 3773: 3772: 3768: 3759: 3757: 3742: 3738: 3729: 3727: 3723: 3711: 3710: 3706: 3697: 3695: 3691: 3684: 3680: 3679: 3670: 3653: 3652: 3648: 3639: 3637: 3622: 3618: 3610: 3603: 3599: 3598: 3585: 3576: 3574: 3561: 3560: 3556: 3547: 3545: 3541: 3534: 3530: 3529: 3522: 3507: 3506: 3499: 3490: 3489: 3472: 3467: 3450: 3438:barcode readers 3430: 3424: 3398:vacuum cleaners 3363: 3276: 3245: 3229:GSM Association 3198: 3182: 3177: 3171: 3119: 3111: 3066: 3055: 3052:currents, and V 3051: 3046:RF interference 3031: 3016:specification. 2977: 2976: 2968: 2964: 2959: 2950: 2945: 2938: 2933: 2928: 2924: 2827:cable required 2826: 2806: 2805: 2800: 2796: 2701: 2681: 2624: 2596: 2595: 2590: 2581: 2576: 2565: 2560: 2556: 2551: 2547: 2542: 2538: 2316: 2299: 2298: 2293: 2289: 2284: 2280: 2224: 2215: 2212: 2206: 2187: 2185: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2125: 2112: 2096: 2086: 2077: 2060: 2013: 1986: 1985:USB 3.0 Micro-B 1973: 1968: 1957: 1945: 1932: 1927: 1919: 1904: 1882: 1867: 1851: 1846: 1835: 1826: 1813: 1796: 1787: 1765: 1760: 1755: 1746: 1725: 1724:USB 3.0 Micro-B 1716: 1707: 1698: 1689: 1680: 1671: 1592: 1562: 1521: 1480: 1439: 1398: 1357: 1329: 1314: 1273: 1239: 1230: 1199: 1187: 1166: 1165:USB 3.0 Micro-B 1157: 1148: 1139: 1130: 1121: 1112: 1103: 1094: 1090: 1087: 1074: 1067: 1036: 1002: 996: 963: 957: 917: 903: 845: 827:, and cameras. 809: 808: 807: 806: 805: 803: 800: 792: 791: 789: 786: 775: 751:digital cameras 739: 715:downstream port 702: 693: 691:Connector types 577:Black or white 538: 533: 532: 527: 520: 438: 347: 317: 286: 255:or single-lane 235: 230: 224: 215: 189: 133: 86: 47: 44:Standard-B plug 41:Standard-A plug 17: 12: 11: 5: 6638: 6628: 6627: 6610: 6609: 6607: 6606: 6601: 6596: 6594:Serial adapter 6591: 6586: 6581: 6576: 6570: 6568: 6564: 6563: 6561: 6560: 6555: 6550: 6545: 6539: 6537: 6533: 6532: 6530: 6529: 6527:Communications 6524: 6519: 6514: 6513: 6512: 6502: 6501: 6500: 6495: 6484: 6482: 6480:Device classes 6476: 6475: 6473: 6472: 6467: 6462: 6457: 6452: 6447: 6442: 6436: 6434: 6430: 6429: 6427: 6426: 6425: 6424: 6417: 6410: 6396: 6388: 6385: 6384: 6377: 6376: 6369: 6362: 6354: 6346: 6345: 6342:on 2012-02-11. 6323: 6298: 6273: 6262:Digital Trends 6248: 6220: 6191: 6166: 6152:. 2009-06-13. 6137: 6112: 6087: 6062: 6037: 6012: 5983: 5980:on 2009-02-17. 5965: 5940: 5915: 5889: 5886:on 2011-05-15. 5860: 5830: 5806: 5782: 5753: 5739:. 2013-06-05. 5724: 5699: 5668: 5639: 5615: 5593: 5579: 5555: 5531: 5509: 5485: 5464: 5452: 5440: 5419: 5389: 5386:on 2016-12-20. 5361: 5333: 5302: 5284: 5259: 5245: 5231:. 2013-10-19. 5216: 5199:. 2012-07-18. 5185: 5170: 5141: 5110: 5079: 5043: 5036:. 2011-10-05. 5025: 5022:on 2012-03-28. 5000: 4972: 4947: 4915: 4901:. 2011-09-01. 4886: 4870:hitachigst.com 4857: 4828: 4814:. 2000-04-27. 4796: 4782:. 2000-04-27. 4764: 4729: 4700: 4688:(PDF (Zipped)) 4683:. 2021-10-26. 4677:(PDF (Zipped)) 4660: 4648:(PDF (Zipped)) 4637:(PDF (Zipped)) 4625: 4611:. 2021-11-03. 4596: 4579:. 2021-03-01. 4561: 4543:Axelson, Jan. 4535: 4503: 4474: 4439: 4414: 4384: 4355: 4334: 4302: 4290: 4258: 4233: 4203: 4173: 4144: 4137:, 2012-11-03, 4122: 4115:. 2011-10-05. 4100: 4080: 4060: 4044:Press Releases 4031: 4002: 3973: 3938: 3924:. 2012-11-16. 3909: 3878: 3843: 3818: 3784: 3766: 3736: 3704: 3668: 3665:on 2014-06-17. 3646: 3624:Howse, Brett. 3616: 3613:on 2014-06-11. 3583: 3554: 3520: 3517:on 2013-12-30. 3497: 3469: 3468: 3466: 3463: 3462: 3461: 3456: 3449: 3446: 3426:Main article: 3423: 3420: 3386:inrush current 3362: 3359: 3358: 3357: 3354: 3347: 3320: 3314: 3306: 3300: 3294: 3275: 3272: 3253:European Union 3244: 3241: 3197: 3194: 3181: 3178: 3173:Main article: 3170: 3167: 3118: 3115: 3110: 3107: 3064: 3053: 3049: 3040:low-frequency 3029: 2979: 2978: 2975: 2974: 2962: 2948: 2936: 2921: 2920: 2917: 2916: 2913: 2909: 2908: 2905: 2901: 2900: 2897: 2894: 2891: 2887: 2886: 2883: 2880: 2877: 2873: 2872: 2869: 2865: 2864: 2861: 2857: 2856: 2853: 2849: 2848: 2845: 2842: 2839: 2835: 2834: 2831: 2828: 2823: 2808: 2807: 2804: 2803: 2793: 2792: 2789: 2788: 2785: 2782: 2778: 2777: 2774: 2770: 2769: 2766: 2762: 2761: 2758: 2754: 2753: 2750: 2747: 2744: 2740: 2739: 2736: 2732: 2731: 2728: 2725: 2722: 2700: 2697: 2680: 2677: 2623: 2620: 2598: 2597: 2594: 2593: 2579: 2563: 2554: 2545: 2535: 2534: 2531: 2530: 2527: 2524: 2521: 2517: 2516: 2513: 2510: 2507: 2503: 2502: 2499: 2496: 2493: 2489: 2488: 2485: 2482: 2479: 2475: 2474: 2471: 2468: 2465: 2461: 2460: 2457: 2454: 2451: 2447: 2446: 2443: 2440: 2437: 2433: 2432: 2429: 2426: 2423: 2419: 2418: 2415: 2412: 2409: 2405: 2404: 2401: 2398: 2395: 2391: 2390: 2387: 2384: 2381: 2377: 2376: 2373: 2370: 2367: 2363: 2362: 2359: 2356: 2353: 2349: 2348: 2345: 2342: 2339: 2335: 2334: 2331: 2328: 2325: 2324:Specification 2315: 2312: 2297: 2296: 2287: 2277: 2276: 2223: 2220: 2205: 2202: 2181:1.6 ns/ft 2124: 2121: 2111: 2108: 2107: 2106: 2102: 2094: 2090: 2084: 2081: 2075: 2064: 2055: 2054: 2051: 2048: 2045: 2042: 2039: 2036: 2033: 2030: 2019: 2018: 2015: 2010: 2007: 2004: 2001: 1998: 1995: 1992: 1982: 1981: 1978: 1975: 1970: 1965: 1962: 1959: 1954: 1951: 1941: 1940: 1937: 1934: 1929: 1924: 1921: 1916: 1913: 1910: 1900: 1899: 1896: 1893: 1890: 1887: 1884: 1879: 1876: 1873: 1863: 1862: 1859: 1856: 1853: 1848: 1843: 1840: 1837: 1832: 1822: 1821: 1818: 1815: 1810: 1807: 1804: 1801: 1798: 1793: 1783: 1782: 1779: 1776: 1773: 1770: 1767: 1762: 1757: 1752: 1742: 1741: 1731: 1722: 1713: 1704: 1695: 1686: 1677: 1668: 1657: 1656: 1643: 1642: 1639: 1636: 1633: 1630: 1627: 1624: 1621: 1618: 1615: 1612: 1601: 1600: 1597: 1594: 1589: 1586: 1583: 1580: 1577: 1574: 1571: 1568: 1558: 1557: 1554: 1551: 1548: 1545: 1542: 1539: 1536: 1533: 1530: 1527: 1517: 1516: 1513: 1510: 1507: 1504: 1501: 1498: 1495: 1492: 1489: 1486: 1476: 1475: 1472: 1469: 1466: 1463: 1460: 1457: 1454: 1451: 1448: 1445: 1435: 1434: 1431: 1428: 1425: 1422: 1419: 1416: 1413: 1410: 1407: 1404: 1394: 1393: 1390: 1387: 1384: 1381: 1378: 1375: 1372: 1369: 1366: 1363: 1353: 1352: 1349: 1346: 1343: 1340: 1337: 1334: 1331: 1326: 1323: 1320: 1310: 1309: 1306: 1303: 1300: 1297: 1294: 1291: 1288: 1285: 1282: 1279: 1269: 1268: 1265: 1262: 1259: 1256: 1253: 1250: 1247: 1244: 1241: 1236: 1226: 1225: 1222: 1219: 1216: 1213: 1210: 1207: 1204: 1201: 1196: 1193: 1183: 1182: 1172: 1163: 1154: 1145: 1136: 1127: 1118: 1109: 1100: 1091: 1088: 1085: 1073: 1070: 1065: 1034: 998:Main article: 995: 992: 959:Main article: 956: 953: 902: 895: 844: 841: 801: 794: 793: 787: 780: 779: 778: 777: 776: 774: 771: 738: 735: 727: 726: 718: 701: 698: 692: 689: 682: 681: 678: 675: 672: 669: 668: 662: 659: 658:Yellow or red 656: 654: 651: 650: 643: 640: 637: 634: 633: 624: 621: 618: 615: 614: 611: 608: 605: 602: 601: 598: 595: 588: 585: 584: 581: 578: 575: 573: 570: 569: 566: 563: 537: 534: 531: 530: 517: 516: 513: 512: 511:Signal ground 509: 506: 503: 499: 498: 497: 496: 493: 484: 481: 478: 474: 473: 470: 467: 464: 460: 459: 456: 453: 450: 446: 445: 442: 439: 436: 433: 429: 428: 425: 422: 419: 408: 407: 404: 401: 398: 393: 389: 388: 385: 382: 379: 375: 374: 371: 368: 365: 362: 358: 357: 354: 351: 348: 345: 342: 338: 337: 334: 331: 328: 316: 315: 312: 309: 306: 303: 300: 297: 296:ID (On-The-Go) 294: 291: 288: 284: 280: 233: 223: 220: 214: 211: 188: 185: 132: 129: 92:Comparison of 85: 82: 46: 45: 42: 39: 36: 33: 30: 26: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6637: 6626: 6623: 6622: 6620: 6605: 6602: 6600: 6597: 6595: 6592: 6590: 6587: 6585: 6582: 6580: 6577: 6575: 6572: 6571: 6569: 6565: 6559: 6556: 6554: 6551: 6549: 6546: 6544: 6543:Juice jacking 6541: 6540: 6538: 6534: 6528: 6525: 6523: 6520: 6518: 6515: 6511: 6508: 6507: 6506: 6503: 6499: 6496: 6494: 6491: 6490: 6489: 6486: 6485: 6483: 6481: 6477: 6471: 6470:USB On-The-Go 6468: 6466: 6463: 6461: 6458: 6456: 6453: 6451: 6448: 6446: 6443: 6441: 6438: 6437: 6435: 6431: 6422: 6418: 6415: 6411: 6408: 6404: 6403: 6401: 6397: 6394: 6390: 6389: 6386: 6382: 6375: 6370: 6368: 6363: 6361: 6356: 6355: 6352: 6341: 6337: 6333: 6327: 6312: 6308: 6302: 6287: 6283: 6277: 6263: 6259: 6252: 6238: 6234: 6227: 6225: 6210:on 2022-04-22 6209: 6205: 6201: 6195: 6180: 6176: 6170: 6155: 6151: 6147: 6141: 6127:on 2009-10-23 6126: 6122: 6116: 6102:on 2010-03-27 6101: 6097: 6091: 6077:on 2010-12-14 6076: 6072: 6066: 6052:on 2012-09-09 6051: 6047: 6041: 6027:on 2010-06-26 6026: 6022: 6016: 6002:on 2009-03-29 6001: 5997: 5993: 5987: 5979: 5975: 5969: 5955:on 2009-06-29 5954: 5950: 5944: 5929: 5925: 5919: 5904: 5900: 5893: 5882: 5878: 5871: 5864: 5849: 5845: 5841: 5834: 5820: 5816: 5810: 5796: 5792: 5786: 5771: 5767: 5763: 5757: 5742: 5738: 5734: 5728: 5713: 5709: 5703: 5685: 5678: 5672: 5657: 5653: 5649: 5643: 5629: 5625: 5619: 5605: 5604: 5597: 5590:. 2022-10-26. 5589: 5583: 5569: 5565: 5559: 5545: 5541: 5535: 5521: 5520: 5513: 5499: 5495: 5489: 5474: 5468: 5461: 5456: 5449: 5444: 5429: 5423: 5408: 5404: 5400: 5393: 5382: 5378: 5371: 5365: 5352:on 2016-04-12 5351: 5347: 5343: 5337: 5319: 5312: 5306: 5298: 5297:AnandTech.com 5294: 5288: 5273: 5269: 5263: 5255: 5249: 5234: 5230: 5229:The Economist 5226: 5220: 5202: 5195: 5189: 5181: 5174: 5160: 5156: 5150: 5148: 5146: 5131: 5127: 5123: 5117: 5115: 5100: 5096: 5092: 5086: 5084: 5069:on 2013-01-23 5065: 5058: 5052: 5050: 5048: 5039: 5035: 5029: 5021: 5017: 5013: 5007: 5005: 4989: 4982: 4976: 4962:on 2014-03-29 4961: 4957: 4951: 4936: 4932: 4926: 4924: 4922: 4920: 4904: 4900: 4896: 4890: 4876:on 2011-02-15 4875: 4871: 4867: 4861: 4847:on 2010-06-28 4846: 4842: 4838: 4832: 4817: 4813: 4806: 4800: 4785: 4781: 4774: 4768: 4750: 4746: 4739: 4733: 4718: 4714: 4710: 4704: 4686: 4682: 4675: 4669: 4667: 4665: 4646: 4642: 4635: 4629: 4614: 4610: 4606: 4600: 4582: 4578: 4571: 4565: 4550: 4546: 4539: 4525:on 2014-01-15 4524: 4520: 4516: 4510: 4508: 4492: 4488: 4487:Techwalla.com 4484: 4478: 4464:on 2014-10-11 4460: 4456: 4449: 4443: 4429:on 2011-12-11 4428: 4424: 4418: 4403: 4399: 4395: 4388: 4374:on 2013-11-13 4373: 4369: 4365: 4359: 4351: 4344: 4338: 4323: 4319: 4318: 4311: 4309: 4307: 4299: 4294: 4279: 4275: 4274: 4269: 4262: 4248:on 2014-12-29 4247: 4243: 4237: 4223:on 2015-03-07 4222: 4218: 4214: 4207: 4192: 4188: 4184: 4177: 4162: 4158: 4151: 4149: 4140: 4136: 4132: 4126: 4118: 4114: 4110: 4104: 4096: 4092: 4091: 4084: 4076: 4072: 4071: 4064: 4049: 4045: 4041: 4035: 4020: 4016: 4012: 4006: 3992:on 2008-10-15 3991: 3987: 3983: 3977: 3970: 3959:on 2012-02-07 3955: 3951: 3945: 3943: 3927: 3923: 3919: 3913: 3895: 3888: 3882: 3865: 3858: 3857: 3850: 3848: 3832: 3828: 3822: 3808:on 2009-03-06 3804: 3797: 3791: 3789: 3780: 3776: 3770: 3755: 3751: 3747: 3740: 3726:on 2014-05-19 3722: 3718: 3714: 3708: 3690: 3683: 3677: 3675: 3673: 3664: 3660: 3659:UsbPinout.net 3656: 3650: 3635: 3631: 3627: 3620: 3609: 3602: 3596: 3594: 3592: 3590: 3588: 3572: 3568: 3564: 3558: 3544:on 2015-04-12 3540: 3533: 3527: 3525: 3516: 3512: 3511: 3504: 3502: 3493: 3487: 3485: 3483: 3481: 3479: 3477: 3475: 3470: 3460: 3457: 3455: 3452: 3451: 3445: 3443: 3439: 3435: 3434:point of sale 3429: 3419: 3417: 3414: 3410: 3405: 3403: 3399: 3393: 3391: 3387: 3382: 3380: 3376: 3372: 3368: 3355: 3352: 3348: 3345: 3341: 3337: 3333: 3329: 3325: 3321: 3318: 3315: 3313: 3310: 3307: 3304: 3301: 3299:fast charging 3298: 3295: 3292: 3289: 3288: 3287: 3284: 3281: 3271: 3269: 3266:In 2022, the 3264: 3262: 3258: 3254: 3250: 3240: 3238: 3234: 3230: 3225: 3223: 3219: 3218:Sony Ericsson 3215: 3211: 3207: 3203: 3193: 3191: 3187: 3186:mobile phones 3176: 3166: 3164: 3163:Always On USB 3160: 3156: 3155:Power-off USB 3152: 3148: 3144: 3140: 3136: 3131: 3123: 3114: 3106: 3104: 3100: 3096: 3091: 3088: 3086: 3080: 3073: 3069: 3061: 3057: 3047: 3043: 3039: 3033: 3027: 3023: 3017: 3015: 3009: 3006: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2985: 2971: 2966: 2957: 2955: 2953: 2943: 2941: 2931: 2926: 2922: 2918: 2914: 2912:≤ 240 W 2911: 2910: 2906: 2904:≤ 180 W 2903: 2902: 2899:≤ 5.0 A 2895: 2890:≤ 140 W 2889: 2888: 2885:≤ 5.0 A 2884: 2881: 2878: 2876:≤ 100 W 2875: 2874: 2870: 2867: 2866: 2862: 2859: 2858: 2854: 2851: 2850: 2847:≤ 3.0 A 2843: 2837: 2836: 2832: 2829: 2825:Minimum USB‑C 2824: 2821: 2820: 2816: 2798: 2794: 2790: 2786: 2783: 2780: 2779: 2775: 2772: 2771: 2764: 2763: 2759: 2756: 2755: 2742: 2741: 2734: 2733: 2729: 2726: 2723: 2720: 2719: 2710: 2705: 2696: 2692: 2690: 2686: 2685:USB On-The-Go 2676: 2673: 2669: 2664: 2660: 2656: 2654: 2649: 2646: 2644: 2640: 2636: 2635:charging port 2632: 2628: 2619: 2615: 2611: 2609: 2605: 2588: 2586: 2584: 2574: 2572: 2570: 2568: 2558: 2549: 2540: 2536: 2532: 2528: 2525: 2522: 2519: 2518: 2514: 2511: 2508: 2505: 2504: 2500: 2497: 2494: 2491: 2490: 2486: 2483: 2480: 2477: 2476: 2472: 2469: 2466: 2463: 2462: 2458: 2455: 2452: 2449: 2448: 2444: 2441: 2438: 2435: 2434: 2430: 2427: 2424: 2421: 2420: 2416: 2413: 2410: 2407: 2406: 2402: 2399: 2396: 2393: 2392: 2388: 2385: 2382: 2379: 2378: 2374: 2371: 2368: 2365: 2364: 2360: 2357: 2354: 2351: 2350: 2346: 2343: 2340: 2337: 2336: 2333:Power (max.) 2332: 2329: 2326: 2323: 2322: 2308: 2303: 2291: 2282: 2278: 2275: 2271: 2269: 2263: 2256: 2254: 2249: 2245: 2244:voltage droop 2241: 2237: 2228: 2219: 2211: 2201: 2199: 2194: 2177:5.2 ns/m 2172: 2168: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2150: 2142: 2138: 2134: 2129: 2120: 2118: 2103: 2101: 2095: 2091: 2085: 2082: 2076: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2059: 2058: 2052: 2049: 2046: 2043: 2040: 2037: 2034: 2031: 2026: 2021: 2020: 2016: 2011: 2008: 2005: 2002: 1999: 1996: 1993: 1990: 1984: 1983: 1979: 1976: 1971: 1966: 1963: 1960: 1955: 1952: 1949: 1943: 1942: 1938: 1935: 1930: 1925: 1922: 1917: 1914: 1911: 1908: 1902: 1901: 1897: 1894: 1891: 1888: 1885: 1880: 1877: 1874: 1871: 1865: 1864: 1860: 1857: 1854: 1849: 1844: 1841: 1838: 1833: 1830: 1824: 1823: 1819: 1816: 1811: 1808: 1805: 1802: 1799: 1794: 1791: 1785: 1784: 1780: 1777: 1774: 1771: 1768: 1763: 1758: 1753: 1750: 1744: 1743: 1737: 1732: 1729: 1723: 1720: 1714: 1711: 1705: 1702: 1696: 1693: 1687: 1684: 1678: 1675: 1669: 1666: 1665: 1651: 1650: 1644: 1640: 1637: 1634: 1631: 1628: 1625: 1622: 1619: 1616: 1613: 1608: 1603: 1602: 1598: 1595: 1590: 1587: 1584: 1581: 1578: 1575: 1572: 1569: 1566: 1560: 1559: 1555: 1552: 1549: 1546: 1543: 1540: 1537: 1534: 1531: 1528: 1525: 1519: 1518: 1514: 1511: 1508: 1505: 1502: 1499: 1496: 1493: 1490: 1487: 1484: 1478: 1477: 1473: 1470: 1467: 1464: 1461: 1458: 1455: 1452: 1449: 1446: 1443: 1437: 1436: 1432: 1429: 1426: 1423: 1420: 1417: 1414: 1411: 1408: 1405: 1402: 1396: 1395: 1391: 1388: 1385: 1382: 1379: 1376: 1373: 1370: 1367: 1364: 1361: 1355: 1354: 1350: 1347: 1344: 1341: 1338: 1335: 1332: 1327: 1324: 1321: 1318: 1312: 1311: 1307: 1304: 1301: 1298: 1295: 1292: 1289: 1286: 1283: 1280: 1277: 1271: 1270: 1266: 1263: 1260: 1257: 1254: 1251: 1248: 1245: 1242: 1237: 1234: 1228: 1227: 1223: 1220: 1217: 1214: 1211: 1208: 1205: 1202: 1197: 1194: 1191: 1185: 1184: 1178: 1173: 1170: 1164: 1161: 1155: 1152: 1146: 1143: 1137: 1134: 1128: 1125: 1119: 1116: 1110: 1107: 1101: 1098: 1092: 1084: 1083: 1077: 1069: 1063: 1057: 1054: 1051: 1047: 1042: 1040: 1030: 1028: 1018: 1011: 1006: 1001: 991: 988: 984: 982: 976: 973: 971: 967: 966:USB On-The-Go 962: 961:USB On-The-Go 948: 944: 942: 937: 933: 930: 926: 921: 916: 907: 900: 894: 892: 888: 884: 880: 876: 872: 868: 864: 859: 857: 852: 850: 843:OMTP standard 840: 838: 834: 828: 826: 822: 817: 814: 798: 784: 770: 768: 764: 760: 756: 752: 743: 734: 732: 731:overmold boot 723: 722:upstream port 719: 716: 712: 711: 706: 697: 688: 679: 676: 673: 670: 667: 663: 660: 657: 652: 648: 644: 641: 638: 635: 632: 629: 625: 622: 619: 616: 612: 609: 606: 603: 599: 596: 593: 589: 586: 582: 579: 576: 571: 567: 564: 560: 550: 542: 525: 523: 518: 510: 507: 504: 501: 500: 494: 491: 490: 488: 485: 479: 476: 475: 471: 468: 465: 462: 461: 457: 454: 451: 448: 447: 443: 440: 434: 431: 430: 426: 423: 420: 417: 416: 405: 402: 399: 397: 394: 391: 390: 386: 380: 377: 376: 372: 369: 366: 363: 360: 359: 355: 352: 349: 343: 340: 339: 335: 329: 326: 325: 313: 310: 307: 304: 301: 298: 295: 292: 289: 282: 281: 279: 275: 268: 264: 260: 258: 254: 250: 246: 241: 239: 229: 219: 213:Compatibility 210: 207: 204: 202: 196: 194: 193:hot-swappable 184: 181: 176: 174: 170: 169:USB On-The-Go 165: 161: 159: 155: 151: 147: 137: 128: 126: 122: 118: 114: 109: 107: 103: 95: 90: 81: 79: 78:mobile phones 75: 71: 67: 63: 59: 54: 43: 40: 37: 34: 31: 28: 27: 23: 19: 6488:Mass storage 6399: 6340:the original 6335: 6326: 6315:. Retrieved 6301: 6290:. Retrieved 6276: 6265:. Retrieved 6261: 6251: 6240:. Retrieved 6236: 6212:. Retrieved 6208:the original 6203: 6194: 6183:. Retrieved 6169: 6158:. Retrieved 6149: 6140: 6129:. Retrieved 6125:the original 6115: 6104:. Retrieved 6100:the original 6090: 6079:. Retrieved 6075:the original 6065: 6054:. Retrieved 6050:the original 6040: 6029:. Retrieved 6025:the original 6015: 6004:. Retrieved 6000:the original 5986: 5978:the original 5968: 5957:. Retrieved 5953:the original 5943: 5932:. Retrieved 5930:. 2007-09-20 5927: 5918: 5907:. Retrieved 5892: 5881:the original 5876: 5863: 5852:. Retrieved 5843: 5833: 5822:. Retrieved 5818: 5809: 5798:. Retrieved 5794: 5785: 5774:. Retrieved 5765: 5756: 5745:. Retrieved 5736: 5727: 5716:. Retrieved 5714:. 2019-09-15 5711: 5702: 5691:. Retrieved 5671: 5660:. Retrieved 5651: 5642: 5631:. Retrieved 5627: 5618: 5608:, retrieved 5606:, 2023-01-02 5602: 5596: 5582: 5571:. Retrieved 5567: 5558: 5547:. Retrieved 5543: 5534: 5524:, retrieved 5518: 5512: 5501:. Retrieved 5497: 5488: 5477:. Retrieved 5475:. 2021-10-30 5467: 5455: 5443: 5432:. Retrieved 5422: 5411:. Retrieved 5402: 5392: 5381:the original 5376: 5364: 5354:, retrieved 5350:the original 5345: 5336: 5325:. Retrieved 5305: 5296: 5287: 5276:. Retrieved 5262: 5248: 5237:. Retrieved 5228: 5219: 5208:. Retrieved 5188: 5173: 5163:, retrieved 5158: 5134:, retrieved 5125: 5103:, retrieved 5094: 5071:. Retrieved 5064:the original 5028: 5020:the original 5015: 4992:. Retrieved 4975: 4964:. Retrieved 4960:the original 4950: 4939:. Retrieved 4907:. Retrieved 4898: 4889: 4878:. Retrieved 4874:the original 4869: 4860: 4849:. Retrieved 4845:the original 4841:xbitlabs.com 4840: 4831: 4820:. Retrieved 4811: 4799: 4788:. Retrieved 4779: 4767: 4756:. Retrieved 4744: 4732: 4721:. Retrieved 4712: 4703: 4692:. Retrieved 4680: 4652:. Retrieved 4640: 4628: 4617:. Retrieved 4608: 4599: 4588:. Retrieved 4576: 4564: 4553:. Retrieved 4538: 4527:. Retrieved 4523:the original 4518: 4495:. Retrieved 4486: 4477: 4466:. Retrieved 4459:the original 4454: 4442: 4431:. Retrieved 4427:the original 4417: 4406:. Retrieved 4398:macworld.com 4397: 4387: 4376:. Retrieved 4372:the original 4367: 4358: 4349: 4337: 4326:. Retrieved 4321: 4316: 4297: 4293: 4282:. Retrieved 4271: 4261: 4250:. Retrieved 4246:the original 4236: 4225:. Retrieved 4221:the original 4216: 4206: 4195:. Retrieved 4186: 4176: 4165:. Retrieved 4134: 4125: 4112: 4103: 4089: 4083: 4069: 4063: 4052:. Retrieved 4043: 4034: 4023:. Retrieved 4014: 4005: 3994:. Retrieved 3990:the original 3976: 3967: 3961:. Retrieved 3954:the original 3930:. Retrieved 3921: 3912: 3901:. Retrieved 3881: 3871:, retrieved 3855: 3835:. Retrieved 3821: 3810:. Retrieved 3803:the original 3769: 3758:. Retrieved 3750:EDN Magazine 3749: 3739: 3728:. Retrieved 3721:the original 3716: 3707: 3696:. Retrieved 3663:the original 3658: 3655:"USB Pinout" 3649: 3638:. 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