1998:
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43:
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2095:; they feel body parts that are no longer there. These limbs can itch, ache, burn, feel tense, dry or wet, locked in or trapped or they can feel as if they are moving. Some scientists believe it has to do with a kind of neural map that the brain has of the body, which sends information to the rest of the brain about limbs regardless of their existence. Phantom sensations and phantom pain may also occur after the removal of body parts other than the limbs, e.g. after amputation of the breast, extraction of a tooth (phantom tooth pain) or removal of an eye (
1864:, developed the Ertl procedure in order to return a high number of amputees to the work force. The Ertl technique, an osteomyoplastic procedure for transtibial amputation, can be used to create a highly functional residual limb. Creation of a tibiofibular bone bridge provides a stable, broad tibiofibular articulation that may be capable of some distal weight bearing. Several different modified techniques and fibular bridge fixation methods have been used; however, no current evidence exists regarding comparison of the different techniques.
1784:
1416:
1128:
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2135:, especially when a bone injury is combined with a head injury. The brain signals the bone to grow instead of scar tissue to form, and nodules and other growth can interfere with prosthetics and sometimes require further operations. This type of injury has been especially common among soldiers wounded by
1883:
A 2017 review found that the use of rigid removable dressings (RRD's) in trans-tibial amputations, rather than soft bandaging, improved healing time, reduced edema, prevented knee flexion contractures and reduced complications, including further amputation, from external trauma such as falls onto the
1712:
The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and His
Messenger, and strive with might for mischief through the land is execution or crucifixion, or cutting of hands and feet from opposite sides, or exile from the land. As for the thief, male or female, cut off their hands and feet from opposite
2068:
A study found that the patented method called
Circulator Boot achieved significant results in prevention of amputation in patients with diabetes and arteriosclerosis. Another study found it also effective for healing limb ulcers caused by peripheral vascular disease. The boot checks the heart rhythm
1879:
aimed to determine whether rigid dressings were more effective than soft dressings in helping wounds heal following transtibial (below the knee) amputations. Due to the limited and very low certainty evidence available, the authors concluded that it was uncertain what the benefits and harms were for
1849:
Distal stabilisation of muscles is often performed. This allows effective muscle contraction which reduces atrophy, allows functional use of the stump and maintains soft tissue coverage of the remnant bone. The preferred stabilisation technique is myodesis where the muscle is attached to the bone or
1902:
Orthopedic surgeons often assess the severity of different injuries using the
Mangled Extremity Severity Score. Given different clinical and situational factors, they can predict the likelihood of amputation. This is especially useful for emergency physicians to quickly evaluate patients and decide
1278:
is a psychological condition in which an individual feels compelled to remove one or more of their body parts, usually a limb. In some cases, that individual may take drastic measures to remove the offending appendages, either by causing irreparable damage to the limb so that medical intervention
2161:
Nearly half of the individuals who have an amputation due to vascular disease will die within 5 years, usually secondary to the extensive co-morbidities rather than due to direct consequences of amputation. This is higher than the five year mortality rates for breast cancer, colon cancer, and
2017:
The population of the United States in 1999 was about 300,000,000, so the conclusion is that there is one amputation per 20,804 persons per year. In the group of labor amputations, 53% occurred in laborers and technicians, 30% in production and service workers, 16% in silviculture and fishery
1730:) and civil disturbance against Islam", is usually carried out in a single session in public, without anaesthetic and using a sword. The ancient punishment is practised in Islamic countries such as Saudi Arabia; Sudan; Somalia; Mauritania, the Maldives; Iran; Taliban-era Afghanistan and Yemen.
1880:
each dressing type. They recommended that clinicians consider the pros and cons of each dressing type on a case-by-case basis: rigid dressings may potentially benefit patients who have a high risk of falls; soft dressings may potentially benefit patients who have poor skin integrity.
4894:
A discourse of the whole art of chyrurgerie. Wherein is exactly set downe the definition, causes, accidents, prognostications, and cures of all sorts of diseases ... Wherunto is added the rule of making remedies which chirurgions doe commonly use: with the
Presages of divine
1768:
As of 2021, this form of punishment is controversial, as most modern cultures consider it to be morally abhorrent, as it has the effect of permanently disabling a person and constitutes torture. It is thus seen as grossly disproportionate for crimes less than those such as
2102:
A similar phenomenon is unexplained sensation in a body part unrelated to the amputated limb. It has been hypothesized that the portion of the brain responsible for processing stimulation from amputated limbs, being deprived of input, expands into the surrounding brain,
1923:
Traumatic amputation is uncommon in humans (1 per 20,804 population per year). Loss of limb usually happens immediately during the accident, but sometimes a few days later after medical complications. Statistically, the most common causes of traumatic amputations are:
2024:
In 2017, an estimated 57.7 million people globally were living with existing traumatic limb injuries. Of these 57.7 million, the leading causes of amputation "were falls (36.2%), road injuries (15.7%), other transportation injuries (11.2%), and mechanical forces
2014:. Of these, 4,435 occurred as a result of traffic and transportation accidents and 9,985 were due to labor accidents. Of all traumatic amputations, the distribution percentage is 30.75% for traffic accidents and 69.24% for labor accidents.
1745:
with other penalties, including amputation, for certain crimes, although not all were really punishable by death at the time. For the crimes of rape, sodomy, and polygamy (the latter removed from a later version), the punishment was to be
1438:
amputation (an unexpected amputation that occurs at the scene of an accident, where the limb is partially or entirely severed as a direct result of the accident, for example, a finger that is severed from the blade of a table
2087:
The individual may experience psychological trauma and emotional discomfort. The stump will remain an area of reduced mechanical stability. Limb loss can present significant or even drastic practical limitations.
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905:
are considered a ritual accomplishment. When done by a person, the person executing the amputation is an amputator. The oldest evidence of this practice comes from a skeleton found buried in Liang Tebo cave,
1887:
Post-operative management, in addition to wound healing, considers maintenance of limb strength, joint range, edema management, preservation of the intact limb (if applicable) and stump desensitization.
1850:
its periosteum. In joint disarticulation amputations tenodesis may be used where the muscle tendon is attached to the bone. Muscles are attached under similar tension to normal physiological conditions.
4814:
Robbins JM, Strauss G, Aron D, Long J, Kuba J, Kaplan Y (November 2008). "Mortality rates and diabetic foot ulcers: is it time to communicate mortality risk to patients with diabetic foot ulceration?".
3261:
1268:
In some rare cases when a person has become trapped in a deserted place, with no means of communication or hope of rescue, the victim has amputated their own limb. The most notable case of this is
1765:
From the 16th century, English law provided for cutting off a hand as punishment for striking someone inside a courtroom. Thomas
Jefferson's punishments revision bill also intended to repeal this.
4429:"Effects of oral administration of purified micronized flavonoid fraction on increased microvascular permeability induced by various agents and on ischemia/reperfusion in the hamster cheek pouch"
2210:
and a more common term before the 17th century for limb loss or removal), or simply "cutting", but by the end of the 17th century "amputation" had come to dominate as the accepted medical term.
2194:(published in either 1597 or 1612); his work was derived from 16th-century French texts and early English writers also used the words "extirpation" (16th-century French texts tended to use
2058:
There are two key challenges: first, many patients have impaired circulation in their extremities, and second, they have difficulty curing infections in limbs with poor blood circulation.
901:
people who commit crimes. Amputation has also been used as a tactic in war and acts of terrorism; it may also occur as a war injury. In some cultures and religions, minor amputations or
1571:
is a cold-related injury occurring when an area (typically a limb or other extremity) is exposed to extreme low temperatures, causing the freezing of the skin or other tissues. Its
331:
3912:
Reichmann JP, Stevens PM, Rheinstein J, Kreulen CD (May 2018). "Removable Rigid
Dressings for Postoperative Management of Transtibial Amputations: A Review of Published Evidence".
1997:
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3157:
1822:
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1701:(Sharia law) and involves cutting off the right hand and left foot of the alleged transgressor. The scriptural authority for the double amputation procedure is in the
4766:
2069:
and compresses the limb between heartbeats; the compression helps cure the wounds in the walls of veins and arteries, and helps to push the blood back to the heart.
1295:
is an amputation performed without closure of the skin in an urgent setting. Typical indications include catastrophic trauma or infection control in the setting of
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309:
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prostate cancer. Of persons with diabetes who have a lower extremity amputation, up to 55% will require amputation of the second leg within two to three years.
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1815:. Sharp and rough edges of bones are filed, skin and muscle flaps are then transposed over the stump, occasionally with the insertion of elements to attach a
2548:
Kepe T (March 2010). "'Secrets' that kill: crisis, custodianship and responsibility in ritual male circumcision in the
Eastern Cape Province, South Africa".
2021:
A study found that in 2010, 22.8% of patients undergoing amputation of a lower extremity in the United States were readmitted to the hospital within 30 days.
1971:
over the last 40 years has provided several treatment options for a traumatic amputation, depending on the patient's specific trauma and clinical situation:
4112:
841:
1272:, a hiker who amputated his own right forearm after it was pinned by a boulder in a hiking accident and he was unable to free himself for over five days.
3015:
Handford, Charles; Buxton, Pauline; Russell, Katie; Imray, Caitlin Ea; McIntosh, Scott E.; Freer, Luanne; Cochran, Amalia; Imray, Christopher He (2014).
5268:
3290:
2190:"to prune, make clean or tidy, scour (wool)". The English word "Poes" was first applied to surgery in the 17th century, possibly first in Peter Lowe's
3439:
4543:
Vella A, Carlson LA, Blier B, Felty C, Kuiper JD, Rooke TW (2000). "Circulator boot therapy alters the natural history of ischemic limb ulceration".
985:
Lower limb amputations can be divided into two broad categories: minor and major amputations. Minor amputations generally refer to the amputation of
2034:
found that
Ukrainian medical amputations in the war came to between 20,000 and 50,000 including both military and civilians. In comparison, during
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5089:
4239:
2868:"Lower extremity compartment syndrome in the setting of iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis, phlegmasia cerulea dolens and factor VII deficiency"
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391:
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4310:"Amputations in Ukraine are as widespread as in the trenches of World War I due to Russia's heavy use of mines and artillery: report"
2079:
The establishment of laws, rules, and guidelines, and employment of modern equipment help protect people from traumatic amputations.
1896:
Traumatic amputation is the partial or total avulsion of a part of a body during a serious accident, like traffic, labor, or combat.
1762:
retribution. The bill never passed, due to the combination of its perceived barbarity in some parts and perceived leniency in others.
1857:. Another technique with similar goals, which has been tested in a clinical trial, is Agonist-antagonist Myoneural Interface (AMI).
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What is considered a human right is in some cases controversial; not all the topics listed are universally accepted as human rights
834:
314:
4486:
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2178:"to prune back (a plant), prune away, remove by cutting (unwanted parts or features), cut off (a branch, limb, body part)," from
2146:
Due to technological advances in prosthetics, many amputees live active lives with little restriction. Organizations such as the
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in bedridden patients, are common causes of infections that lead to gangrene, which, when widespread, necessitates amputation.
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2117:) such that an individual who has had an arm amputated will experience unexplained pressure or movement on his face or head.
367:
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Pinzur MS, Stuck RM, Sage R, Hunt N, Rabinovich Z (September 2003). "Syme ankle disarticulation in patients with diabetes".
42:
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3465:"Sudanese man sentenced to cross amputation for committing armed robbery – African Centre for Justice and Peace Studies"
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1587:. Treatment of severe frostbite may require surgical amputation of the affected tissue or limb; if there is deep injury
1042:
amputation of the lower limb between the knee joint and the ankle joint, commonly referred to as a below-knee amputation
3714:
3660:
3587:
2051:, depend on the problems that might cause amputations to be necessary. Chronic infections, often caused by diabetes or
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Traumatic amputation of a human limb, either partial or total, creates the immediate danger of death from blood loss.
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4487:"Patient assessment and examples of a method of treatment. Use of the circulator boot in peripheral vascular disease"
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1171:). Removal of teeth, mainly incisors, is or was practiced by some cultures for ritual purposes (for instance in the
1054:
amputation of the lower limb between the hip joint and the knee joint, commonly referred to an above-knee amputation
989:. Major amputations are commonly below-knee- or above-knee amputations. Common partial foot amputations include the
2011:
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Labor accidents (equipment, instruments, cylinders, chainsaws, press machines, meat machines, wood machines, etc.)
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McDonald, Cody L.; Westcott-McCoy, Sarah; Weaver, Marcia R.; Haagsma, Juanita; Kartin, Deborah (2021-04-01).
1299:. A guillotine amputation is typically followed with a more time-consuming, definitive amputation such as an
994:
304:
111:
2065:(HBOT). The high level of oxygenation and revascularization speed up recovery times and prevent infections.
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In many cases, the phantom limb aids in adaptation to a prosthesis, as it permits the person to experience
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147:
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1661:, after repeated offense, the foot may also be cut off. This is still in practice today in countries like
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Roon, Anthony J.; Moore, Wesley S.; Goldstone, Jerry (1977). "Below-knee amputation: A modern approach".
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2002:
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limbs have been cut off by constrictive bands. In some countries, judicial amputation is currently used
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Crime and
Punishment in Islamic Law: Theory and Practice from the Sixteenth to the Twenty-First Century
2475:
Crime and
Punishment in Islamic Law: Theory and Practice from the Sixteenth to the Twenty-First Century
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873:. As a surgical measure, it is used to control pain or a disease process in the affected limb, such as
726:
152:
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of the prosthetic limb. To support improved resistance or usability, comfort or healing, some type of
5638:
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3498:"Shariah Punishments in the Islamic Republics of Mauritania and Maldives, and Islamic State of Yemen"
1603:
may choose to have a non-essential digit amputated to relieve chronic pain and impaired performance.
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1329:
688:
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Grisaru N, Lezer S, Belmaker RH (April 1997). "Ritual female genital surgery among Ethiopian Jews".
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3371:"Parliamentary question | VP/HR - Cross-amputation in Yemen | E-011050/2013 | European Parliament"
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2805:"Body Integrity Identity Disorder (BIID)—Is the Amputation of Healthy Limbs Ethically Justified?"
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from the original on 2022-10-09 – via Official Journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology.
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2010:
In the United States in 1999, there were 14,420 non-fatal traumatic amputations according to the
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dating back to at least 31,000 years ago, where it was done when the amputee was a young child.
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Atlas of Amputations and Limb Deficiencies: Surgical, Prosthetic and Rehabilitation Principles
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Crush injuries where there is extensive tissue damage and poor circulation also benefit from
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amputation of the whole lower limb together with all or part of the pelvis, also known as a
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2nd choice: Surgical amputation - transplantation of other tissue - plastic reconstruction.
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3559:"Bill No. 64. A Bill for Proportioning Crimes and Punishments in Cases Heretofore Capital"
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An experimental technique known as the "Ewing amputation" aims to improve post-amputation
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may involve amputating tissue, although not necessarily as a result of injury or disease.
8:
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4702:"Phantom limb pain, cortical reorganization and the therapeutic effect of mental imagery"
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have been developed to give amputees the opportunity to be involved in athletics and
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Curved knives such as this one were used, in the past, for some kinds of amputations.
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in which the radius and ulna are used to create a stump capable of a pincer action.
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include Pyrogoff, Boyd, and Syme amputations. A less common major amputation is the
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4039:"Objective criteria accurately predict amputation following lower extremity trauma"
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trans-radial amputation, commonly referred to as below-elbow or forearm amputation
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1985:- reconnection - revascularisation of amputated limb, by microscope (after 1969)
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MacIver, K.; Lloyd, D. M.; Kelly, S.; Roberts, N.; Nurmikko, T. (August 2008).
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3075:"Frostbite Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination, Complications"
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4192:"'A new life': Ukrainian war amputees travel to Germany for custom-made limbs"
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Three fingers from a soldier's right hand were traumatically amputated during
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2501:"Yubitsume: ritualistic self-amputation of proximal digits among the Yakuza"
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of the foot to allow the ankle joint to take over the function of the knee.
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Smith DG (2004). "Chapter 2. General principles of amputation surgery.".
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3681:"AIUK : Somalia: Amputation punishments are 'torture' says Amnesty"
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Handford, Charles; Thomas, Owen; Imray, Christopher H. E. (2017-05-01).
1103:
trans-humeral amputation, commonly referred to as above-elbow amputation
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in which the efforts to save the limb fail or the limb cannot be saved.
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952: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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4759:"War without end / Damaged soldiers start their agonizing recoveries"
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A large proportion of amputees (50–80%) experience the phenomenon of
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in the 1970s have made replantations of severed body parts possible.
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had the tip of his little finger removed after it was damaged in the
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3291:"Yemeni man sentenced to hand and foot amputation for armed robbery"
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3865:"Rigid dressings versus soft dressings for transtibial amputations"
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1657:, the punishment for stealing is the amputation of the hand. Under
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3480:"Somali schoolboy tells of how Islamists cut off his leg and hand"
3440:"Saudi Arabia: King urged to commute "cross amputation" sentences"
2420:. 14th Annual History of Medicine Days. Calgary, Alberta, Canada:
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amputated as chronic pain and injury was limiting his performance.
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4111:. Vol. 26, no. 2. Sausalito, California. pp. 8–9.
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94:
60:
3732:"How The Marathon Bombing Helped Bring Innovation To Amputation"
5176:
5153:
5118:
5106:
5013:
4949:
4037:
Johansen K, Daines M, Howey T, Helfet D, Hansen ST (May 1990).
1796:
1662:
1552:
1429:
1323:
1244:, or amputation at the neck, are the most radical amputations.
911:
874:
678:
637:
477:
188:
1928:
Vehicle accidents (cars, motorcycles, bicycles, trains, etc.)
1702:
1694:
1678:
894:
248:
208:
3709:. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. pp. 21–30.
1279:
cannot save the limb, or by causing the limb to be severed.
4212:
3830:
The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
3736:
2128:
may be worn instead of or as part of wearing a prosthesis.
1842:
1808:
1800:
1698:
1670:
472:
258:
4914:
A dissertation on the inutility of the amputation of limbs
4263:"Global prevalence of traumatic non-fatal limb amputation"
3014:
2682:"Surgical amputation of a limb 31,000 years ago in Borneo"
1988:
4th choice: Transplantation of cadaveric hand (after 2000)
4790:"Innovative prostheses positively change the Paralympics"
4036:
3782:
New surgery may enable better control of prosthetic limbs
2414:
Chuback, Jennifer E. (March 2005). Whitelaw, W.A. (ed.).
1934:
Agricultural accidents, with machines and mower equipment
1807:(bleeding). The muscles are transected, and finally, the
1575:
involves the formation of ice crystals upon freezing and
986:
4699:
3017:"Frostbite: a practical approach to hospital management"
1915:
Private Lewis Francis was wounded July 21, 1861, at the
2498:
881:. In some cases, it is carried out on individuals as a
4813:
4542:
4229:
3517:"Criminals Lose Hands And Feet As Shari'a Law Imposed"
3129:
2739:
The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume
2679:
1030:
amputation of the lower limb distal to the ankle joint
4817:
Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association
2038:
41,000 British and 67,000 Germans needed amputations.
4927:
2582:
2001:
Up to 50,000 Ukrainians lost their limbs during the
1975:
1st choice: Surgical amputation - break - prosthesis
1946:
Ring traction (ring amputation, de-gloving injuries)
4924:(University of Georgia Press, 2015). xviii, 257 pp.
4232:"Readmissions to U.S. Hospitals by Procedure, 2010"
3262:"Saudi Arabia chops off hand of Egyptian for theft"
2967:
2736:
1140:Facial amputations include but are not limited to:
5639:Freedom from involuntary female genital mutilation
4605:
4356:"Preventing Diabetes-Related Amputations (Part 1)"
3557:
3344:"Who Will Save Amputees of Sharia Law in Nigeria?"
2915:Ragnarsson, Kristjan T.; Thomas, David C. (2003),
2680:Maloney, T.R.; Dilkes-Hall, I.E.; Vlok, M (2022).
2499:Bosmia AN, Griessenauer CJ, Tubbs RS (July 2014).
1943:Violent rupture of ship rope or industry wire rope
4898:. Wellcome Library. London : Thomas Purfoot.
3862:
3581:
3579:
2865:
1008:, or rotationplasty, i.e. the turning around and
27:Medical procedure that removes a part of the body
5671:
4922:Empty Sleeves: Amputation in the Civil War South
4230:Weiss AJ, Elixhauser A, Steiner C (April 2013).
3962:Current Diagnosis & Treatment in Orthopedics
3863:Kwah LK, Webb MT, Goh L, Harvey LA (June 2019).
2914:
1791:Surgeons performing an amputation have to first
1713:ends in recompense for what they have committed.
1115:A variant of the trans-radial amputation is the
4240:U.S. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
4133:
3206:"Iranian chocolate thief faces hand amputation"
2963:
2961:
2774:"Did Climber Have to Cut Off Arm to Save Life?"
1036:amputation of the lower limb at the ankle joint
4013:
3576:
3225:
1087:Types of upper extremity amputations include:
1048:amputation of the lower limb at the knee joint
5262:
5090:
4647:
4645:
4426:
4207:
4205:
3984:
3982:
3828:Fischgrund JS (June 2016). "JAAOS Research".
3758:"Jim Ewing, Dynamic-Model Amputation Patient"
2388:"Spate of Executions and Amputations in Iran"
1060:amputation of the lower limb at the hip joint
885:for such problems. A special case is that of
835:
385:
5276:
3954:
3793:Agonist-antagonist Myoneural Interface (AMI)
2958:
1867:
5307:Freedom from arbitrary arrest and detention
3869:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
3400:. Cambridge University Press. p. 166.
3132:"Tawake undergoes surgery to remove finger"
3100:"RTE: Aussie Rules star has finger removed"
2974:Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America
2859:
2407:
2192:A discourse of the Whole Art of Chirurgerie
2170:The word amputation is borrowed from Latin
1371:Cancerous bone or soft tissue tumors (e.g.
5269:
5255:
5097:
5083:
4642:
4360:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
4202:
3979:
3827:
2866:Abdul W, Hickey B, Wilson C (April 2016).
2846:
2842:
2840:
2838:
2438:
1826:Amputation of the leg of First Lieutenant
1456:Deformities of digits and/or limbs (e.g.,
842:
828:
392:
378:
50:An amputee running with a blade prosthetic
41:
4733:
4404:"Hyperbaric oxygen therapy - Mayo Clinic"
4167:
4054:
3888:
3655:, p. 493. Jefferson cited a work of
3050:
3032:
2976:. Wilderness and Environmental Medicine.
2921:Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine. 6th edition
2891:
2713:
2524:
968:Learn how and when to remove this message
4862:. Springer Netherlands. pp. 69–73.
4577:
4213:"American Statistical Association (ASA)"
3729:
3546:
1996:
1910:
1821:
1782:
1414:
1358:
1311:
1126:
1078:
1017:
5521:Right to an adequate standard of living
4860:Problems in Peripheral Vascular Disease
4858:Savage PE (1983). "The diabetic foot".
4676:
4478:
4420:
4267:Prosthetics and Orthotics International
4102:
3965:(5th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
3536:"The World's Most Barbaric Punishments"
3314:
3254:
3158:"Ronnie Lott's Amputated Pinkie Finger"
2835:
2505:Journal of Injury and Violence Research
2413:
1594:
1450:
14:
5672:
5322:Cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment
4857:
4484:
4307:
3988:
3585:
3393:
3155:
3097:
2802:
2771:
2471:
2028:On 2 August 2023, an investigation by
5250:
5078:
4787:
4769:from the original on February 8, 2011
4536:
4134:Clasper, Jon; Ramasamy, Arul (2013).
3762:Brigham and Women's Faulkner Hospital
3704:
3533:
3368:
3341:
3231:
3134:. SportsAustralia.com. Archived from
3130:Australian Rugby Union (2006-10-17).
2384:
1860:In 1920, Dr. Janos Ertl Sr. of
1645:
1083:The 18th century guide to amputations
368:Campaigns against corporal punishment
4890:
4756:
3959:. In Skinner HB, McMahon PJ (eds.).
3652:
3640:
3628:
3616:
3604:
3552:
3477:
2547:
1940:Firearms, bladed weapons, explosives
1741:that ostensibly would have replaced
950:adding citations to reliable sources
921:
65:Physical medicine and rehabilitation
4353:
4103:Davison, Ben, ed. (February 2011).
4014:Ramirez C, Menaker J (2017-05-01).
3514:
2847:Panchbhavi, Vinod K (8 June 2021).
2441:"Traumatic amputation of the penis"
2378:
2072:For victims of trauma, advances in
1248:Genital modification and mutilation
24:
4905:
3805:"Ertl Reconstruction - amputation"
3661:Offences within the Court Act 1541
2047:Methods in preventing amputation,
1967:The development of the science of
1253:
1240:, or amputation at the waist, and
25:
5706:
5442:Right to refuse medical treatment
4427:Bouskela E, Donyo KA (May 1997).
3021:Extreme Physiology & Medicine
2809:The American Journal of Bioethics
2260:Kalamandalam Sankaran Embranthiri
1681:, and 11 of the 36 states within
1467:Extra digits and/or limbs (e.g.,
1458:proximal femoral focal deficiency
4911:Bilguer, Johann Ulrich, (1764),
4056:10.1097/00005373-199005000-00007
3182:"Burglar's hand to be amputated"
2751:10.2106/00004623-200309000-00003
2213:
2012:American Statistical Association
1828:Antônio Carlos de Mariz e Barros
1276:Body integrity identity disorder
1264:Body integrity identity disorder
926:
755:
126:
4884:
4851:
4807:
4781:
4750:
4693:
4670:
4608:The American Journal of Surgery
4599:
4578:Williams, Vivien (2008-07-11).
4571:
4396:
4372:
4347:
4322:
4301:
4254:
4223:
4184:
4127:
4115:from the original on 2021-04-28
4105:"Scuba Tanks as Lethal Weapons"
4096:
4071:
4049:(5): 568–72, discussion 572–3.
4030:
4007:
3948:
3905:
3856:
3821:
3797:
3786:
3775:
3750:
3723:
3698:
3673:
3646:
3634:
3622:
3610:
3598:
3534:Staff, Newsweek (8 July 2010).
3527:
3508:
3490:
3471:
3457:
3432:
3414:
3387:
3362:
3335:
3308:
3283:
3235:"Iran envoy defends amputation"
3198:
3174:
3149:
3123:
3091:
3067:
3008:
2933:
2908:
2796:
2765:
2730:
2673:
2562:10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.11.016
1992:
1363:Transfemoral amputation due to
937:needs additional citations for
414:Criminal trials and convictions
5654:Sexual and reproductive health
5551:Right to a healthy environment
4788:Hoock, Maja (September 2021).
3881:10.1002/14651858.cd012427.pub2
3730:Springer, Shira (2018-04-13).
3594:. Thomas Jefferson Foundation.
3565:The Papers of Thomas Jefferson
2772:Ransom, Cliff (24 July 2003).
2646:
2619:
2576:
2541:
2492:
2478:. Cambridge University Press.
2465:
2432:
2148:Challenged Athletes Foundation
1301:above or below knee amputation
1015:Types of amputations include:
704:Sexually violent predator laws
13:
1:
5571:Right to public participation
4308:Porter, Tom (2 August 2023).
3955:Smith DG, Skinner HB (2014).
3664:
3592:Thomas Jefferson Encyclopedia
3478:Rice, Xan (20 October 2010).
3422:"The Quran, sura 5, verse 33"
3342:Bello, Ademola (2010-06-11).
3315:Bamford, David (2001-07-01).
3156:Klemko, Robert (2014-06-17).
2849:"Guillotine Ankle Amputation"
2803:Müller, Sabine (2009-01-05).
2550:Social Science & Medicine
2424:. pp. 10–15 – via
2372:
2042:
1830:, commander of the Brazilian
1758:, the bill specified literal
1697:punishments prescribed under
1202:amputation of the testicles (
5591:Right to science and culture
4868:10.1007/978-94-011-6648-5_12
4683:National Geographic Magazine
4620:10.1016/0002-9610(77)90299-9
4588:. Event occurs at 1:08–1:32
4238:(154). Rockville, Maryland:
3991:Hand Injuries and Infections
3521:RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty
3317:"Hand amputation in Nigeria"
3268:. 2007-11-05. Archived from
3098:Murray, Shane (2002-01-22).
2448:Brazilian Journal of Urology
2439:Kocharkarn W (Summer 2000).
2385:Fathi, Nazila (2008-01-11).
2165:
2137:improvised explosive devices
2082:
1962:
1949:Building doors and car doors
1607:Australian Rules footballer
1563:
1475:
1227:amputation of the clitoris (
1063:trans-pelvic disarticulation
597:Cruel and unusual punishment
7:
5685:Surgical removal procedures
5417:Right to keep and bear arms
5327:Freedom from discrimination
4763:The San Francisco Chronicle
3232:Dovan, Fiona (2008-02-09).
2585:Archives of Sexual Behavior
2345:
2131:Another side effect can be
2003:Russian invasion of Ukraine
1906:
1891:
1354:
1187:amputation of the breasts (
353:Tyrer v. the United Kingdom
10:
5711:
4677:Schultz H (January 2005).
4557:10.1177/1358836X0000500104
4503:10.1177/000331979704800504
4445:10.1177/000331979704800503
3926:10.1016/j.pmrj.2017.10.002
3809:www.ertlreconstruction.com
3570:Princeton University Press
2706:10.1038/s41586-022-05160-8
2417:The history of rhinoplasty
2367:Robotic prosthesis control
1773:
1709:5.33-34) which stipulates:
1625:also had a finger removed.
1257:
1153:amputation of the tongue (
799: English/Welsh courts
93:or intentional as part of
5614:
5581:Right to rest and leisure
5487:
5292:
5285:
5211:
5193:
5175:
5152:
5117:
4931:
4757:Ryan J (March 25, 2006).
3993:. London: Gower Medical.
3586:Wilson, Gaye (May 1999).
2986:10.1016/j.emc.2016.12.006
2821:10.1080/15265160802588194
2063:hyperbaric oxygen therapy
1919:by a bayonet to the knee.
1868:Post-operative management
1811:is sawed through with an
1778:
1611:elected to have his left
1579:upon thawing, leading to
1410:
1344:phlegmasia cerulea dolens
1330:Peripheral artery disease
1306:
1282:
1209:amputation of the penis (
1167:amputation of the teeth (
1070:or hindquarter amputation
86:
74:
54:
49:
40:
35:
5596:Right to social security
5561:Right to Internet access
5506:Equal pay for equal work
5392:Presumption of innocence
5105:Tests and procedures on
4586:Mayo Clinic News Network
4279:10.1177/0309364620972258
4152:10.1177/2049463713487324
3842:10.5435/jaaos-d-16-00309
3394:Peters, Rudolph (2005).
2133:heterotopic ossification
1917:First Battle of Bull Run
1720:, for "highway robbery (
1629:National Football League
1507:Meningococcal meningitis
1487:diabetic foot infections
1326:with peripheral necrosis
1160:amputation of the eyes (
1146:amputation of the nose (
1122:
1106:shoulder disarticulation
1051:trans-femoral amputation
1022:An above-knee amputation
917:
453:Presumption of innocence
5472:right to be a candidate
5302:Equality before the law
4679:"The Science of Things"
4657:www.hopkinsmedicine.org
4334:www.hopkinsmedicine.org
4140:British Journal of Pain
4136:"Traumatic amputations"
4016:"Traumatic Amputations"
2884:10.1136/bcr-2016-215078
2597:10.1023/a:1024562512475
2206:" (from the Old French
2182:assimilated variant of
2049:limb-sparing techniques
2031:The Wall Street Journal
1955:Gas cylinder explosions
1737:proposed a bill to the
1599:Sometimes professional
1397:sacrococcygeal teratoma
1091:partial hand amputation
1039:trans-tibial amputation
1027:partial foot amputation
997:, and ray amputations.
615:Indefinite imprisonment
5332:Freedom of information
5317:Freedom of association
4485:Dillon RS (May 1997).
4380:"Avoiding Amputations"
4236:HCUP Statistical Brief
3619:, pp. 497, 506n12
3375:www.europarl.europa.eu
3079:emedicine.medscape.com
2006:
1937:Electric shock hazards
1920:
1846:
1788:
1715:
1424:
1367:
1177:Neolithic North Africa
1143:amputation of the ears
1136:
1131:Partial amputation of
1110:forequarter amputation
1084:
1074:
1023:
1000:Common forms of ankle
980:
674:Miscarriage of justice
5644:Intersex human rights
5452:Right of self-defense
5407:Right to a fair trial
4920:Miller, Brian Craig.
4689:on September 6, 2008.
4043:The Journal of Trauma
3444:Amnesty International
3426:www.perseus.tufts.edu
3295:Amnesty International
3034:10.1186/2046-7648-3-7
2917:"Cancer of the Limbs"
2517:10.5249/jivr.v6i2.489
2422:University of Calgary
2235:Götz of the Iron Hand
2106:Phantoms in the Brain
2000:
1914:
1825:
1786:
1710:
1699:Islamic jurisprudence
1526:Necrotizing fasciitis
1442:Amputation in utero (
1418:
1362:
1312:Circulatory disorders
1293:guillotine amputation
1130:
1100:elbow disarticulation
1094:wrist disarticulation
1082:
1033:ankle disarticulation
1021:
887:congenital amputation
699:Sex offender registry
419:Rights of the accused
81:Phantom limb syndrome
5531:Right to development
5412:Right to family life
5362:Freedom from torture
5347:Freedom from slavery
4891:Lowe, Peter (1612).
4718:10.1093/brain/awn124
3266:Monsters and Critics
2097:phantom eye syndrome
1958:Other rare accidents
1667:United Arab Emirates
1595:Athletic performance
1451:Congenital anomalies
1348:compartment syndrome
1340:deep vein thrombosis
1117:Krukenberg procedure
1045:knee disarticulation
946:improve this article
857:is the removal of a
785:English/Welsh courts
713:Related areas of law
310:United Arab Emirates
18:Traumatic amputation
5342:Freedom of religion
5337:Freedom of movement
5312:Freedom of assembly
5294:Civil and political
3572:. pp. 492–507.
2778:National Geographic
2698:2022Natur.609..547M
2174:past participle of
1837:(Henrique Fleiuss,
1803:, so as to prevent
1756:intentional maiming
1385:epithelioid sarcoma
1057:hip disarticulation
891:congenital disorder
694:Restorative justice
120:Corporal punishment
99:corporal punishment
5659:Right to sexuality
5536:Right to education
5462:Security of person
5357:Freedom of thought
4497:(5 Pt 2): S35–58.
4408:www.mayoclinic.org
4354:CDC (2023-04-07).
3643:, pp. 505–506
3163:Sports Illustrated
2784:on January 6, 2019
2394:The New York Times
2357:Adapted automobile
2186:"about, around" +
2007:
1921:
1903:on consultations.
1847:
1789:
1743:capital punishment
1646:Criminal penalties
1425:
1368:
1332:which can lead to
1216:amputation of the
1137:
1085:
1024:
883:preventive surgery
584:Capital punishment
576:Dangerous offender
463:Self-incrimination
408:Criminal procedure
339:Ingraham v. Wright
69:Emergency medicine
5667:
5666:
5566:Right to property
5526:Right to clothing
5511:Fair remuneration
5479:Right to homeland
5427:Right to petition
5352:Freedom of speech
5244:
5243:
5072:
5071:
4545:Vascular Medicine
3989:Watson N (1986).
3972:978-0-07-159075-4
3407:978-0-521-79226-4
3369:Tarabella, Marc.
2878:: bcr2016215078.
2692:(7927): 547–551.
2472:Peters R (2005).
2335:Hans-Ulrich Rudel
2285:Robert David Hall
2111:V.S. Ramachandran
1877:systematic review
1839:Semana Illustrada
1739:Virginia Assembly
1543:Influenza A Virus
1520:Vibrio vulnificus
1462:Fibular hemimelia
1297:infected gangrene
978:
977:
970:
852:
851:
727:Criminal defenses
669:Habitual offender
620:Three-strikes law
610:Life imprisonment
589:Execution warrant
458:Exclusionary rule
402:
401:
194:Cat o' nine tails
161:By implementation
105:
104:
30:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
5702:
5556:Right to housing
5490:Economic, social
5437:Right to protest
5432:Right to privacy
5271:
5264:
5257:
5248:
5247:
5229:Hemicorporectomy
5144:Electromyography
5099:
5092:
5085:
5076:
5075:
4929:
4928:
4900:
4899:
4888:
4882:
4881:
4855:
4849:
4848:
4811:
4805:
4804:
4802:
4800:
4785:
4779:
4778:
4776:
4774:
4754:
4748:
4747:
4737:
4712:(8): 2181–2191.
4697:
4691:
4690:
4685:. Archived from
4674:
4668:
4667:
4665:
4664:
4649:
4640:
4639:
4603:
4597:
4596:
4594:
4593:
4575:
4569:
4568:
4540:
4534:
4533:
4531:
4530:
4521:. Archived from
4482:
4476:
4475:
4473:
4472:
4463:. Archived from
4424:
4418:
4417:
4415:
4414:
4400:
4394:
4393:
4391:
4390:
4376:
4370:
4369:
4367:
4366:
4351:
4345:
4344:
4342:
4341:
4326:
4320:
4319:
4315:Business Insider
4305:
4299:
4298:
4258:
4252:
4251:
4227:
4221:
4220:
4209:
4200:
4199:
4188:
4182:
4181:
4171:
4131:
4125:
4124:
4122:
4120:
4100:
4094:
4093:
4091:
4090:
4075:
4069:
4068:
4058:
4034:
4028:
4027:
4011:
4005:
4004:
3986:
3977:
3976:
3952:
3946:
3945:
3909:
3903:
3902:
3892:
3860:
3854:
3853:
3825:
3819:
3818:
3816:
3815:
3801:
3795:
3790:
3784:
3779:
3773:
3772:
3770:
3769:
3754:
3748:
3747:
3745:
3744:
3727:
3721:
3720:
3702:
3696:
3695:
3693:
3692:
3683:. Archived from
3677:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3650:
3644:
3638:
3632:
3626:
3620:
3614:
3608:
3602:
3596:
3595:
3583:
3574:
3573:
3561:
3550:
3544:
3543:
3531:
3525:
3524:
3515:Pannier, Bruce.
3512:
3506:
3505:
3502:academic.oup.com
3494:
3488:
3487:
3475:
3469:
3468:
3461:
3455:
3454:
3452:
3451:
3436:
3430:
3429:
3418:
3412:
3411:
3391:
3385:
3384:
3382:
3381:
3366:
3360:
3359:
3357:
3356:
3339:
3333:
3332:
3330:
3329:
3312:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3302:
3287:
3281:
3280:
3278:
3277:
3258:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3248:
3237:
3229:
3223:
3222:
3220:
3219:
3202:
3196:
3195:
3193:
3192:
3178:
3172:
3171:
3166:. Archived from
3153:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3143:
3127:
3121:
3120:
3118:
3117:
3108:. Archived from
3095:
3089:
3088:
3086:
3085:
3071:
3065:
3064:
3054:
3036:
3012:
3006:
3005:
2965:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2952:
2937:
2931:
2930:
2929:
2928:
2912:
2906:
2905:
2895:
2872:BMJ Case Reports
2863:
2857:
2856:
2844:
2833:
2832:
2800:
2794:
2793:
2791:
2789:
2780:. Archived from
2769:
2763:
2762:
2734:
2728:
2727:
2717:
2677:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2666:
2650:
2644:
2643:
2641:
2639:
2623:
2617:
2616:
2580:
2574:
2573:
2545:
2539:
2538:
2528:
2496:
2490:
2489:
2469:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2445:
2436:
2430:
2429:
2411:
2405:
2404:
2402:
2401:
2390:
2382:
2310:Hari Budha Magar
2290:Bethany Hamilton
2115:Sandra Blakeslee
2053:decubitus ulcers
1735:Thomas Jefferson
1690:Cross-amputation
1481:Bone infection (
1393:synovial sarcoma
1238:Hemicorporectomy
1006:Van Nes rotation
1002:disarticulations
973:
966:
962:
959:
953:
930:
922:
844:
837:
830:
816:
808:
800:
795:
787:
779:
760:
759:
659:Criminal justice
513:Directed verdict
404:
403:
394:
387:
380:
130:
107:
106:
45:
33:
32:
21:
5710:
5709:
5705:
5704:
5703:
5701:
5700:
5699:
5670:
5669:
5668:
5663:
5634:Family planning
5619:
5610:
5586:Right of return
5546:Right to health
5494:
5491:
5483:
5447:Right to resist
5397:Right of asylum
5288:
5281:
5275:
5245:
5240:
5207:
5189:
5171:
5167:Tendon transfer
5148:
5113:
5103:
5073:
5068:
5067:
5053:
5005:
4940:
4908:
4906:Further reading
4903:
4889:
4885:
4878:
4856:
4852:
4829:10.7547/0980489
4812:
4808:
4798:
4796:
4786:
4782:
4772:
4770:
4755:
4751:
4698:
4694:
4675:
4671:
4662:
4660:
4651:
4650:
4643:
4604:
4600:
4591:
4589:
4581:Circulator Boot
4576:
4572:
4541:
4537:
4528:
4526:
4483:
4479:
4470:
4468:
4425:
4421:
4412:
4410:
4402:
4401:
4397:
4388:
4386:
4378:
4377:
4373:
4364:
4362:
4352:
4348:
4339:
4337:
4328:
4327:
4323:
4306:
4302:
4259:
4255:
4228:
4224:
4211:
4210:
4203:
4190:
4189:
4185:
4132:
4128:
4118:
4116:
4101:
4097:
4088:
4086:
4077:
4076:
4072:
4035:
4031:
4012:
4008:
4001:
3987:
3980:
3973:
3953:
3949:
3910:
3906:
3875:(6): CD012427.
3861:
3857:
3826:
3822:
3813:
3811:
3803:
3802:
3798:
3791:
3787:
3780:
3776:
3767:
3765:
3756:
3755:
3751:
3742:
3740:
3728:
3724:
3717:
3703:
3699:
3690:
3688:
3679:
3678:
3674:
3667:
3651:
3647:
3639:
3635:
3627:
3623:
3615:
3611:
3603:
3599:
3584:
3577:
3568:. Vol. 2.
3554:Boyd, Julian P.
3551:
3547:
3532:
3528:
3513:
3509:
3496:
3495:
3491:
3476:
3472:
3463:
3462:
3458:
3449:
3447:
3438:
3437:
3433:
3420:
3419:
3415:
3408:
3392:
3388:
3379:
3377:
3367:
3363:
3354:
3352:
3349:Huffington Post
3340:
3336:
3327:
3325:
3322:BBC News Online
3313:
3309:
3300:
3298:
3289:
3288:
3284:
3275:
3273:
3260:
3259:
3255:
3246:
3244:
3230:
3226:
3217:
3215:
3211:BBC News Online
3204:
3203:
3199:
3190:
3188:
3180:
3179:
3175:
3154:
3150:
3141:
3139:
3128:
3124:
3115:
3113:
3096:
3092:
3083:
3081:
3073:
3072:
3068:
3013:
3009:
2966:
2959:
2950:
2948:
2939:
2938:
2934:
2926:
2924:
2913:
2909:
2864:
2860:
2845:
2836:
2801:
2797:
2787:
2785:
2770:
2766:
2735:
2731:
2678:
2674:
2664:
2662:
2659:Merriam-Webster
2652:
2651:
2647:
2637:
2635:
2632:Merriam-Webster
2625:
2624:
2620:
2581:
2577:
2546:
2542:
2497:
2493:
2486:
2470:
2466:
2458:
2443:
2437:
2433:
2412:
2408:
2399:
2397:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2348:
2320:Oscar Pistorius
2280:Shaquem Griffin
2255:Tammy Duckworth
2216:
2200:disarticulation
2168:
2152:adaptive sports
2085:
2045:
1995:
1965:
1909:
1894:
1870:
1813:oscillating saw
1781:
1776:
1754:for women. For
1648:
1639:1985 NFL season
1597:
1573:pathophysiology
1566:
1478:
1453:
1413:
1389:Ewing's sarcoma
1357:
1314:
1309:
1285:
1266:
1256:
1254:Self-amputation
1169:Dental evulsion
1125:
1077:
983:
974:
963:
957:
954:
943:
931:
920:
908:East Kalimantan
867:medical illness
848:
819:
811:
806:Canadian courts
803:
798:
793:Scottish courts
790:
782:
774:
766:
754:
741:
722:Civil procedure
708:
629:Post-sentencing
624:
593:
567:
517:
482:
468:Double jeopardy
398:
332:CFCYL v. Canada
31:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5708:
5698:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5682:
5665:
5664:
5662:
5661:
5656:
5651:
5646:
5641:
5636:
5631:
5625:
5623:
5612:
5611:
5609:
5608:
5603:
5601:Right to water
5598:
5593:
5588:
5583:
5578:
5576:Right of reply
5573:
5568:
5563:
5558:
5553:
5548:
5543:
5538:
5533:
5528:
5523:
5518:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5501:Digital rights
5497:
5495:
5488:
5485:
5484:
5482:
5481:
5476:
5475:
5474:
5464:
5459:
5457:Right to truth
5454:
5449:
5444:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5304:
5298:
5296:
5290:
5289:
5286:
5283:
5282:
5274:
5273:
5266:
5259:
5251:
5242:
5241:
5239:
5238:
5233:
5232:
5231:
5226:
5224:Hemipelvectomy
5215:
5213:
5209:
5208:
5206:
5205:
5199:
5197:
5191:
5190:
5188:
5187:
5181:
5179:
5173:
5172:
5170:
5169:
5164:
5158:
5156:
5150:
5149:
5147:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5135:
5134:
5132:Heller myotomy
5123:
5121:
5115:
5114:
5102:
5101:
5094:
5087:
5079:
5070:
5069:
5066:
5065:
5054:
5006:
4941:
4936:
4935:
4933:
4932:Classification
4926:
4925:
4918:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4901:
4883:
4876:
4850:
4806:
4780:
4749:
4692:
4669:
4641:
4614:(1): 153–158.
4598:
4570:
4535:
4477:
4419:
4395:
4371:
4346:
4321:
4300:
4273:(2): 105–114.
4253:
4222:
4217:www.amstat.org
4201:
4198:. 3 June 2024.
4183:
4126:
4095:
4070:
4029:
4020:Trauma Reports
4006:
3999:
3978:
3971:
3947:
3920:(5): 516–523.
3904:
3855:
3820:
3796:
3785:
3774:
3749:
3722:
3716:978-0892033133
3715:
3697:
3672:
3645:
3633:
3621:
3609:
3597:
3575:
3556:, ed. (1950).
3545:
3526:
3507:
3489:
3470:
3456:
3431:
3413:
3406:
3386:
3361:
3334:
3307:
3282:
3253:
3224:
3197:
3173:
3170:on 2022-08-15.
3148:
3122:
3090:
3066:
3007:
2980:(2): 281–299.
2957:
2932:
2907:
2858:
2834:
2795:
2764:
2745:(9): 1667–72.
2729:
2672:
2645:
2618:
2575:
2540:
2491:
2484:
2464:
2431:
2406:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2370:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2352:Acrotomophilia
2347:
2344:
2343:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2250:Roberto Carlos
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2215:
2212:
2167:
2164:
2156:amputee soccer
2122:proprioception
2084:
2081:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2039:
2026:
2022:
2019:
2015:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1989:
1986:
1979:
1976:
1964:
1961:
1960:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1952:Animal attacks
1950:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1908:
1905:
1893:
1890:
1869:
1866:
1855:proprioception
1795:the supplying
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1771:
1770:
1766:
1763:
1760:eye for an eye
1731:
1693:is one of the
1686:
1647:
1644:
1643:
1642:
1626:
1616:
1596:
1593:
1589:autoamputation
1565:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1558:Bubonic plague
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1516:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1472:
1465:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1447:
1440:
1433:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1407:
1377:chondrosarcoma
1356:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1336:
1327:
1321:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1284:
1281:
1255:
1252:
1235:
1234:
1233:
1232:
1229:clitoridectomy
1225:
1214:
1207:
1194:
1193:
1192:
1182:
1181:
1180:
1173:Iberomaurusian
1165:
1158:
1151:
1144:
1124:
1121:
1113:
1112:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1071:
1068:hemipelvectomy
1064:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1028:
982:
979:
976:
975:
934:
932:
925:
919:
916:
850:
849:
847:
846:
839:
832:
824:
821:
820:
818:
817:
809:
801:
796:
788:
780:
771:
768:
767:
765:
764:
762:Law portal
751:
748:
747:
743:
742:
740:
739:
734:
729:
724:
718:
715:
714:
710:
709:
707:
706:
701:
696:
691:
689:Rehabilitation
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
645:
640:
634:
631:
630:
626:
625:
623:
622:
617:
612:
607:
601:
600:
599:
592:
591:
586:
580:
579:
578:
573:
566:
565:
560:
555:
550:
545:
540:
535:
529:
526:
525:
519:
518:
516:
515:
510:
505:
500:
494:
491:
490:
484:
483:
481:
480:
475:
470:
465:
460:
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
424:
421:
420:
416:
415:
411:
410:
400:
399:
397:
396:
389:
382:
374:
371:
370:
364:
363:
359:
358:
357:
356:
349:
342:
335:
325:
324:
320:
319:
318:
317:
312:
307:
302:
297:
292:
287:
282:
277:
269:
268:
264:
263:
262:
261:
256:
251:
246:
241:
236:
231:
226:
221:
216:
211:
206:
201:
196:
191:
186:
181:
176:
171:
163:
162:
158:
157:
156:
155:
150:
145:
137:
136:
132:
131:
123:
122:
116:
115:
103:
102:
97:and sometimes
88:
84:
83:
78:
72:
71:
58:
52:
51:
47:
46:
38:
37:
29:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5707:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5681:
5678:
5677:
5675:
5660:
5657:
5655:
5652:
5650:
5647:
5645:
5642:
5640:
5637:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5627:
5626:
5624:
5622:
5617:
5613:
5607:
5606:Right to work
5604:
5602:
5599:
5597:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5587:
5584:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5574:
5572:
5569:
5567:
5564:
5562:
5559:
5557:
5554:
5552:
5549:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5541:Right to food
5539:
5537:
5534:
5532:
5529:
5527:
5524:
5522:
5519:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5498:
5496:
5493:
5486:
5480:
5477:
5473:
5470:
5469:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5460:
5458:
5455:
5453:
5450:
5448:
5445:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5435:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5422:Right to life
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5299:
5297:
5295:
5291:
5284:
5280:
5272:
5267:
5265:
5260:
5258:
5253:
5252:
5249:
5237:
5234:
5230:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5221:
5220:
5217:
5216:
5214:
5210:
5204:
5201:
5200:
5198:
5196:
5192:
5186:
5183:
5182:
5180:
5178:
5174:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5160:
5159:
5157:
5155:
5151:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5139:Muscle biopsy
5137:
5133:
5130:
5129:
5128:
5125:
5124:
5122:
5120:
5116:
5112:
5108:
5100:
5095:
5093:
5088:
5086:
5081:
5080:
5077:
5064:
5060:
5059:
5055:
5052:
5048:
5044:
5040:
5036:
5032:
5028:
5024:
5020:
5016:
5015:
5011:
5007:
5004:
5000:
4996:
4992:
4988:
4984:
4980:
4976:
4972:
4968:
4964:
4960:
4956:
4952:
4951:
4947:
4943:
4942:
4939:
4934:
4930:
4923:
4919:
4916:
4915:
4910:
4909:
4897:
4896:
4887:
4879:
4877:9789401166508
4873:
4869:
4865:
4861:
4854:
4846:
4842:
4838:
4834:
4830:
4826:
4823:(6): 489–93.
4822:
4818:
4810:
4795:
4791:
4784:
4768:
4764:
4760:
4753:
4745:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4727:
4723:
4719:
4715:
4711:
4707:
4703:
4696:
4688:
4684:
4680:
4673:
4658:
4654:
4648:
4646:
4637:
4633:
4629:
4625:
4621:
4617:
4613:
4609:
4602:
4587:
4583:
4582:
4574:
4566:
4562:
4558:
4554:
4550:
4546:
4539:
4525:on 2010-11-25
4524:
4520:
4516:
4512:
4508:
4504:
4500:
4496:
4492:
4488:
4481:
4467:on 2010-11-25
4466:
4462:
4458:
4454:
4450:
4446:
4442:
4438:
4434:
4430:
4423:
4409:
4405:
4399:
4385:
4384:Temple Health
4381:
4375:
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4325:
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4311:
4304:
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4280:
4276:
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4237:
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4214:
4208:
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4197:
4193:
4187:
4179:
4175:
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4165:
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4157:
4153:
4149:
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4141:
4137:
4130:
4114:
4110:
4106:
4099:
4084:
4080:
4074:
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4057:
4052:
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4040:
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4025:
4021:
4017:
4010:
4002:
3996:
3992:
3985:
3983:
3974:
3968:
3964:
3963:
3958:
3957:"Amputations"
3951:
3943:
3939:
3935:
3931:
3927:
3923:
3919:
3915:
3908:
3900:
3896:
3891:
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3874:
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3806:
3800:
3794:
3789:
3783:
3778:
3763:
3759:
3753:
3739:
3738:
3733:
3726:
3718:
3712:
3708:
3701:
3687:on 2013-10-03
3686:
3682:
3676:
3662:
3658:
3654:
3649:
3642:
3637:
3631:, p. 498
3630:
3625:
3618:
3613:
3607:, p. 505
3606:
3601:
3593:
3589:
3582:
3580:
3571:
3567:
3566:
3560:
3555:
3549:
3541:
3537:
3530:
3522:
3518:
3511:
3503:
3499:
3493:
3485:
3481:
3474:
3466:
3460:
3445:
3441:
3435:
3427:
3423:
3417:
3409:
3403:
3399:
3398:
3390:
3376:
3372:
3365:
3351:
3350:
3345:
3338:
3324:
3323:
3318:
3311:
3296:
3292:
3286:
3272:on 2010-08-11
3271:
3267:
3263:
3257:
3243:
3242:
3241:The Telegraph
3236:
3228:
3213:
3212:
3207:
3201:
3187:
3183:
3177:
3169:
3165:
3164:
3159:
3152:
3138:on 2013-05-01
3137:
3133:
3126:
3112:on 2007-12-14
3111:
3107:
3106:
3101:
3094:
3080:
3076:
3070:
3062:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3044:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3026:
3022:
3018:
3011:
3003:
2999:
2995:
2991:
2987:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2964:
2962:
2946:
2942:
2936:
2922:
2918:
2911:
2903:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2862:
2854:
2850:
2843:
2841:
2839:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2810:
2806:
2799:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2768:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2733:
2725:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2707:
2703:
2699:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2676:
2661:
2660:
2655:
2649:
2634:
2633:
2628:
2622:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2594:
2590:
2586:
2579:
2571:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2556:(5): 729–35.
2555:
2551:
2544:
2536:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2495:
2487:
2485:9780521792264
2481:
2477:
2476:
2468:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2442:
2435:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2418:
2410:
2396:
2395:
2389:
2381:
2377:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2349:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2315:Aimee Mullins
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2240:Carl Brashear
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2230:Douglas Bader
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2214:Notable cases
2211:
2209:
2205:
2204:dismemberment
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2163:
2159:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2144:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2129:
2127:
2123:
2118:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2107:
2100:
2098:
2094:
2093:phantom limbs
2089:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2070:
2066:
2064:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2050:
2037:
2036:World War One
2033:
2032:
2027:
2023:
2020:
2016:
2013:
2009:
2008:
2004:
1999:
1987:
1984:
1980:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1925:
1918:
1913:
1904:
1900:
1897:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1878:
1875:
1865:
1863:
1858:
1856:
1851:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1835:
1829:
1824:
1820:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1785:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1729:
1728:qat' al-tariq
1725:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1691:
1687:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1653:According to
1652:
1651:
1650:
1640:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1605:
1604:
1602:
1592:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1538:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1521:
1517:
1515:
1514:
1513:Streptococcus
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1484:
1483:osteomyelitis
1480:
1479:
1470:
1466:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1454:
1445:
1444:Amniotic band
1441:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1427:
1426:
1422:
1417:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1369:
1366:
1361:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1335:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1304:
1302:
1298:
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1290:
1280:
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1265:
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1251:
1249:
1245:
1243:
1239:
1230:
1226:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1212:
1208:
1205:
1201:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1190:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1163:
1159:
1156:
1152:
1149:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1139:
1138:
1134:
1129:
1120:
1118:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1088:
1081:
1069:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1020:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1007:
1003:
998:
996:
992:
988:
972:
969:
961:
951:
947:
941:
940:
935:This section
933:
929:
924:
923:
915:
913:
910:, Indonesian
909:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
845:
840:
838:
833:
831:
826:
825:
823:
822:
815:
810:
807:
802:
797:
794:
789:
786:
783: Not in
781:
778:
773:
772:
770:
769:
763:
758:
753:
752:
750:
749:
745:
744:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
719:
717:
716:
712:
711:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
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649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
636:
635:
633:
632:
628:
627:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
602:
598:
595:
594:
590:
587:
585:
582:
581:
577:
574:
572:
569:
568:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
544:
541:
539:
536:
534:
531:
530:
528:
527:
524:
521:
520:
514:
511:
509:
506:
504:
501:
499:
496:
495:
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492:
489:
486:
485:
479:
476:
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469:
466:
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461:
459:
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454:
451:
449:
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439:
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431:
429:
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417:
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412:
409:
406:
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395:
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383:
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369:
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361:
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355:
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350:
348:
347:
343:
341:
340:
336:
334:
333:
329:
328:
327:
326:
322:
321:
316:
315:United States
313:
311:
308:
306:
303:
301:
298:
296:
293:
291:
288:
286:
283:
281:
278:
276:
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266:
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260:
257:
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250:
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245:
242:
240:
237:
235:
232:
230:
227:
225:
222:
220:
217:
215:
212:
210:
207:
205:
204:Foot whipping
202:
200:
197:
195:
192:
190:
187:
185:
182:
180:
177:
175:
172:
170:
167:
166:
165:
164:
160:
159:
154:
151:
149:
146:
144:
141:
140:
139:
138:
134:
133:
129:
125:
124:
121:
118:
117:
113:
109:
108:
100:
96:
92:
89:
85:
82:
79:
77:
76:Complications
73:
70:
67:
66:
62:
59:
57:
53:
48:
44:
39:
34:
19:
5621:reproductive
5516:Labor rights
5492:and cultural
5402:Right to die
5279:human rights
5277:Substantive
5236:Replantation
5218:
5056:
5029:: S*8 (e.g.
5026:
5018:
5008:
4962:
4954:
4944:
4921:
4912:
4893:
4886:
4859:
4853:
4820:
4816:
4809:
4797:. Retrieved
4793:
4783:
4771:. Retrieved
4762:
4752:
4709:
4705:
4695:
4687:the original
4682:
4672:
4661:. Retrieved
4659:. 2023-03-15
4656:
4653:"Amputation"
4611:
4607:
4601:
4590:. Retrieved
4580:
4573:
4548:
4544:
4538:
4527:. Retrieved
4523:the original
4494:
4490:
4480:
4469:. Retrieved
4465:the original
4439:(5): 391–9.
4436:
4432:
4422:
4411:. Retrieved
4407:
4398:
4387:. Retrieved
4383:
4374:
4363:. Retrieved
4359:
4349:
4338:. Retrieved
4336:. 2019-11-19
4333:
4324:
4313:
4303:
4270:
4266:
4256:
4235:
4225:
4216:
4195:
4186:
4146:(2): 67–73.
4143:
4139:
4129:
4117:. Retrieved
4109:Undercurrent
4108:
4098:
4087:. Retrieved
4085:. 2017-10-17
4082:
4079:"Amputation"
4073:
4046:
4042:
4032:
4023:
4019:
4009:
3990:
3961:
3950:
3917:
3913:
3907:
3872:
3868:
3858:
3833:
3829:
3823:
3812:. Retrieved
3808:
3799:
3788:
3777:
3766:. Retrieved
3764:. 2016-11-21
3761:
3752:
3741:. Retrieved
3735:
3725:
3706:
3700:
3689:. Retrieved
3685:the original
3675:
3648:
3636:
3624:
3612:
3600:
3591:
3563:
3548:
3539:
3529:
3520:
3510:
3501:
3492:
3484:The Guardian
3483:
3473:
3459:
3448:. Retrieved
3446:. 2011-12-16
3443:
3434:
3425:
3416:
3396:
3389:
3378:. Retrieved
3374:
3364:
3353:. Retrieved
3347:
3337:
3326:. Retrieved
3320:
3310:
3299:. Retrieved
3297:. 2013-09-16
3294:
3285:
3274:. Retrieved
3270:the original
3265:
3256:
3245:. Retrieved
3239:
3227:
3216:. Retrieved
3214:. 2010-10-17
3209:
3200:
3189:. Retrieved
3186:gulfnews.com
3185:
3176:
3168:the original
3161:
3151:
3140:. Retrieved
3136:the original
3125:
3114:. Retrieved
3110:the original
3103:
3093:
3082:. Retrieved
3078:
3069:
3024:
3020:
3010:
2977:
2973:
2949:. Retrieved
2947:. 2017-10-19
2944:
2935:
2925:, retrieved
2920:
2910:
2875:
2871:
2861:
2852:
2815:(1): 36–43.
2812:
2808:
2798:
2786:. Retrieved
2782:the original
2777:
2767:
2742:
2738:
2732:
2689:
2685:
2675:
2663:. Retrieved
2657:
2648:
2636:. Retrieved
2630:
2621:
2591:(2): 211–5.
2588:
2584:
2578:
2553:
2549:
2543:
2508:
2504:
2494:
2474:
2467:
2451:
2447:
2434:
2426:ResearchGate
2416:
2409:
2398:. Retrieved
2392:
2380:
2340:Alex Zanardi
2330:Aron Ralston
2207:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2169:
2160:
2145:
2130:
2119:
2104:
2101:
2090:
2086:
2078:
2074:microsurgery
2071:
2067:
2060:
2057:
2046:
2029:
1993:Epidemiology
1983:Replantation
1981:3rd choice:
1969:microsurgery
1966:
1922:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1886:
1882:
1871:
1859:
1852:
1848:
1838:
1833:
1790:
1727:
1721:
1711:
1706:
1688:
1675:Saudi Arabia
1649:
1609:Daniel Chick
1598:
1567:
1548:Animal bites
1535:
1531:Gas gangrene
1518:
1511:
1428:Severe limb
1381:fibrosarcoma
1373:osteosarcoma
1350:and gangrene
1346:) can cause
1320:vasculopathy
1292:
1286:
1274:
1270:Aron Ralston
1267:
1246:
1242:decapitation
1236:
1222:circumcision
1133:index finger
1114:
1086:
1014:
1010:reattachment
999:
984:
964:
955:
944:Please help
939:verification
936:
854:
853:
732:Criminal law
654:Life licence
605:Imprisonment
438:Speedy trial
351:
346:S v Williams
344:
337:
330:
199:Flagellation
168:
63:
5695:Punishments
5649:LGBT rights
5382:Nationality
5372:LGBT rights
5111:soft tissue
4895:Hyppocrates
4799:October 30,
4551:(1): 21–5.
2970:"Frostbite"
2941:"Frostbite"
2923:, BC Decker
2627:"Amputator"
2511:(2): 54–6.
2454:: 385–389.
2305:Ronnie Lott
2300:Frida Kahlo
2245:Lisa Bufano
2220:Patch Adams
2126:stump socks
1832:Battleship
1750:for men or
1716:The severe
1635:Ronnie Lott
1623:Jone Tawake
1619:Rugby union
1613:ring finger
1591:may occur.
1581:cell damage
1577:blood clots
1497:Trench foot
1469:polydactyly
1421:World War I
1401:liposarcoma
1365:liposarcoma
1175:culture of
1162:enucleation
1155:glossectomy
903:mutilations
664:Exoneration
323:Court cases
275:Afghanistan
254:Riding crop
5690:Acute pain
5680:Amputation
5674:Categories
5387:Personhood
5219:Amputation
5203:Bursectomy
5185:Fasciotomy
4663:2023-10-31
4592:2021-06-27
4529:2010-06-24
4471:2010-06-24
4413:2023-10-31
4389:2023-10-31
4365:2023-10-31
4340:2023-10-31
4330:"Gangrene"
4089:2022-09-07
4000:0906923808
3836:(6): 392.
3814:2018-11-24
3768:2021-06-28
3743:2021-06-28
3691:2021-01-08
3450:2023-08-07
3380:2023-08-07
3355:2021-06-28
3328:2021-06-28
3301:2021-11-03
3276:2021-06-27
3247:2021-06-28
3218:2021-06-28
3191:2021-11-03
3142:2013-04-22
3116:2007-10-19
3084:2022-06-29
2951:2022-06-29
2927:2024-01-09
2400:2021-06-27
2373:References
2362:Flail limb
2270:Zach Gowen
2225:Rick Allen
2208:desmembrer
2172:amputātus,
2043:Prevention
1817:prosthesis
1805:hemorrhage
1748:castration
1718:punishment
1659:Sharia law
1655:Quran 5:38
1585:cell death
1537:Legionella
1258:See also:
1204:castration
1189:mastectomy
875:malignancy
855:Amputation
684:Recidivism
558:Guidelines
523:Sentencing
508:Not proven
498:Conviction
443:Jury trial
428:Fair trial
267:By country
229:Slippering
169:Amputation
36:Amputation
5367:Legal aid
5027:Traumatic
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