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Tolerance relation

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are tolerance factorable, but not strongly tolerance factorable. Actually, every subvariety of the variety of lattices is tolerance factorable, and the only strongly tolerance factorable subvariety other than itself is the trivial subvariety (consisting of one-element lattices). This is because every
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Gerasin, S. N., Shlyakhov, V. V., and Yakovlev, S. V. 2008. Set coverings and tolerance relations. Cybernetics and Sys. Anal. 44, 3 (May 2008), 333–340.
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with empty family of operations, tolerance relations are simply reflexive symmetric relations. A set that possesses a tolerance relation can be described as a
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is that for a tolerance relation the uniqueness condition may fail, and even if it does not, the quotient algebra may not inherit the identities defining the
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belongs to, so that the quotient algebra may fail to be a member of the variety again. Therefore, for a
1435: 5165: 3159:{\displaystyle \{f(c_{1},\dots ,c_{n})\colon c_{i}\in C_{i}\}\subseteq (f/{\sim })(C_{1},\dots ,C_{n})} 1849:{\displaystyle \{f(c_{1},\dots ,c_{n})\colon c_{i}\in C_{i}\}\subseteq (f/{\sim })(C_{1},\dots ,C_{n})} 4218: 66:/indistinguishability phenomena. The importance of those for mathematics had been first recognized by 4051: 2668: 777: 193: 4645:, the quotient lattices need not be distributive or modular again. In other words, the varieties of 3865: 3335: 2386: 2338: 1505: 1411: 1300: 1115: 4680: 2331:
and satisfies all the three conditions in the cover definition. (The last condition is shown using
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Chajda, Ivan; Radeleczki, Sándor (2014). "Notes on tolerance factorable classes of algebras".
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Every strongly tolerance factorable variety is tolerance factorable, but not vice versa.
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that satisfies certain conditions. The two definitions are equivalent, since for a fixed
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to a sublattice of the quotient lattice over a tolerance relation of a sublattice of a
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that is compatible with all operations of the structure. Thus a tolerance is like a
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Grätzer, George; Wenzel, G. H. (1990). "Notes on tolerance relations of lattices".
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and it is trivial that the variety of sets is strongly tolerance factorable.
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with no operations at all. In this case, tolerance relations are simply
4750: 4659: 4338:{\displaystyle A\vee _{L/{\sim }}B,A\wedge _{L/{\sim }}B\in L/{\sim }} 4686: 62:. Tolerance relations provide a convenient general tool for studying 3942:{\displaystyle A=\mathop {\uparrow } A\cap \mathop {\downarrow } A} 5105: 4616:{\displaystyle (L/{\sim },\vee _{L/{\sim }},\wedge _{L/{\sim }})} 3458:, the uniqueness condition is true, so that the quotient algebra 1705:{\displaystyle (f/{\sim })(C_{1},\dots ,C_{n})\in {\mathcal {C}}} 5152:, FORMALIZED MATHEMATICS, Vol. 2, No. 1, January–February 1991. 2720:. Therefore, the two definitions are equivalent. A tolerance is 3721:
that are groups when some of their operations are forgot, e.g.
941:{\displaystyle f(a_{1},\dots ,a_{n})\sim f(b_{1},\dots ,b_{n})} 2743: 3012:{\displaystyle (f/{\sim })(C_{1},\dots ,C_{n})\in A/{\sim }} 2713:{\displaystyle {\mathcal {C}}\mapsto {\sim _{\mathcal {C}}}} 1287:{\displaystyle \textstyle \bigcap {\mathcal {S}}\subseteq C} 1252:{\displaystyle \textstyle C\subseteq \bigcup {\mathcal {S}}} 1955:
satisfies the first two conditions, but not conversely. A
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over tolerance relations. However, unlike in the case of
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is a tolerance relation that also forms a set partition.
192:, the tolerance relations in the two definitions are in 4992:
Czédli, Gábor (1982). "Factor lattices by tolerances".
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Chajda, Ivan; Niederle, Josef; Zelinka, Bohdan (1976).
3662:{\displaystyle (A/{\sim },F/{\sim })\in {\mathcal {V}}} 1266: 1231: 1217:{\displaystyle {\mathcal {S}}\subseteq {\mathcal {C}}} 4870: 4547: 4448: 4354: 4263: 4221: 4201: 4181: 4129: 4120:
is strongly tolerance factorable. That is, given any
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A tolerance relation can also be seen as a 16:Math relation that is reflexive and symmetric 5028: 4493: 4449: 4399: 4355: 3096: 3029: 1786: 1719: 1489: 1477: 1451: 1439: 1344: 1338: 985: 955: 4705: 3952:In particular, the following results hold. 1297:In particular, no two distinct elements of 144:that is compatible with every operation in 4483: 4389: 2744:Quotient algebras over tolerance relations 4945: 4888: 4730: 4710:. American Mathematical Soc. p. 20. 4168:{\displaystyle (L,\vee _{L},\wedge _{L})} 3513:(Strong tolerance factorability) for any 488:that satisfies the following conditions. 4987: 4985: 4983: 4981: 4771: 3607:, the uniqueness condition is true, and 2660:{\displaystyle {\sim }\mapsto A/{\sim }} 391:{\displaystyle \operatorname {Tolr} (A)} 359:{\displaystyle \operatorname {Cong} (A)} 327:{\displaystyle \operatorname {Tolr} (A)} 295:{\displaystyle \operatorname {Cong} (A)} 259:{\displaystyle \operatorname {Tolr} (A)} 5077: 3548:{\displaystyle (A,F)\in {\mathcal {V}}} 3399:{\displaystyle (A,F)\in {\mathcal {V}}} 991:{\displaystyle \{(a,b)\colon a\sim b\}} 5158: 5071: 4991: 4927: 4706:Kearnes, Keith; Kiss, Emil W. (2013). 3717:. In particular, this is true for all 2507:{\displaystyle a\sim _{\mathcal {C}}b} 401: 4978: 4921: 4012:{\displaystyle a\vee b\sim a\wedge b} 3503:{\displaystyle (A/{\sim },F/{\sim })} 3220:{\displaystyle (A/{\sim },F/{\sim })} 1432:, then there is a two-element subset 1058:is a tolerance relation that is also 302:is a subset of the tolerance lattice 2736:. Thus the two characterizations of 2598:{\displaystyle \sim _{\mathcal {C}}} 2452:{\displaystyle \sim _{\mathcal {C}}} 1350:{\displaystyle {\mathcal {S}}=\{D\}} 4930:"Semigroups of tolerance relations" 3737:, etc. Therefore, the varieties of 2569:{\displaystyle C\in {\mathcal {C}}} 1321:are comparable. (To see this, take 1183:{\displaystyle C\in {\mathcal {C}}} 366:is not necessarily a sublattice of 13: 5132: 3654: 3540: 3391: 3364:(Tolerance factorability) for any 3341: 2703: 2688: 2589: 2561: 2495: 2443: 2392: 2344: 1965:Equivalence of the two definitions 1697: 1616: 1511: 1463:{\displaystyle \{s,t\}\subseteq S} 1417: 1330: 1306: 1272: 1243: 1209: 1199: 1175: 1121: 14: 5197: 4877:Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal 2146:. Using graph theoretical terms, 4731:Sossinsky, Alexey (1986-02-01). 4708:The Shape of Congruence Lattices 4250:{\displaystyle A,B\in L/{\sim }} 3713:, every tolerance relation is a 196:. The tolerance relations on an 46:, except that the assumption of 5037:Acta Scientiarum Mathematicarum 4994:Acta Scientiarum Mathematicarum 4814:Acta Scientiarum Mathematicarum 4079:{\displaystyle a\leq c,d\leq b} 1502:is not contained in any set in 1408:is not contained in any set in 807:{\displaystyle a_{i}\sim b_{i}} 4765: 4724: 4699: 4610: 4548: 4162: 4130: 3929: 3915: 3891:{\displaystyle A\in L/{\sim }} 3646: 3614: 3594: 3582: 3532: 3520: 3497: 3465: 3445: 3433: 3383: 3371: 3349:{\displaystyle {\mathcal {V}}} 3316: 3304: 3249: 3237: 3214: 3182: 3153: 3121: 3118: 3102: 3067: 3035: 2990: 2958: 2955: 2939: 2767: 2755: 2693: 2641: 2400:{\displaystyle {\mathcal {C}}} 2352:{\displaystyle {\mathcal {C}}} 2202: 2190: 2015: 2003: 1914: 1882: 1879: 1863: 1843: 1811: 1808: 1792: 1757: 1725: 1689: 1657: 1654: 1638: 1519:{\displaystyle {\mathcal {C}}} 1425:{\displaystyle {\mathcal {C}}} 1314:{\displaystyle {\mathcal {C}}} 1129:{\displaystyle {\mathcal {C}}} 1096: 1084: 970: 958: 935: 903: 894: 862: 432: 420: 385: 379: 353: 347: 321: 315: 289: 283: 253: 247: 218: 206: 104: 92: 73: 1: 4738:Acta Applicandae Mathematicae 4692: 266:under inclusion. Since every 4947:10.1016/0012-365X(87)90194-4 2081:{\displaystyle C\subseteq A} 1381:{\displaystyle S\subseteq A} 1065: 845:{\displaystyle i=1,\dots ,n} 7: 4669: 4175:and any tolerance relation 3760: 3676: 3555:and any tolerance relation 3406:and any tolerance relation 2804:be a tolerance relation on 117:is usually defined to be a 10: 5202: 5080:Lattice Theory: Foundation 2671:between the tolerances as 5144:10.1007/s10559-008-9007-y 5088:10.1007/978-3-0348-0018-1 4928:Schein, Boris M. (1987). 4826:10.14232/actasm-012-861-x 4666:of two-element lattices. 4538:and the quotient algebra 3831:{\displaystyle L/{\sim }} 3765:For a tolerance relation 3704: 2824:. Suppose that, for each 2669:one-to-one correspondence 2300:{\displaystyle A/{\sim }} 2262:{\displaystyle A/{\sim }} 2208:{\displaystyle (A,\sim )} 2169:{\displaystyle A/{\sim }} 2051:{\displaystyle A/{\sim }} 194:one-to-one correspondence 5078:Grätzer, George (2011). 4890:10.21136/CMJ.1976.101403 4792:: CS1 maint: location ( 4681:Quasitransitive relation 2539:{\displaystyle a,b\in C} 2139:{\displaystyle c,d\in C} 631:{\displaystyle a,b\in A} 5148:Hryniewiecki, K. 1991, 4105:{\displaystyle c\sim d} 4041:{\displaystyle a\sim b} 3974:{\displaystyle a\sim b} 3681: 3289:A main difference from 2728:if and only if it is a 2107:{\displaystyle c\sim d} 1495:{\displaystyle \{s,t\}} 998:is a subalgebra of the 599:{\displaystyle b\sim a} 573:{\displaystyle a\sim b} 515:{\displaystyle a\sim a} 5150:Relations of Tolerance 4775:Science and Hypothesis 4617: 4529: 4435: 4339: 4251: 4209: 4189: 4169: 4106: 4080: 4042: 4013: 3975: 3943: 3892: 3856: 3832: 3802: 3779: 3663: 3601: 3569: 3549: 3504: 3452: 3420: 3400: 3350: 3323: 3276: 3256: 3221: 3160: 3013: 2926: 2864: 2863:{\displaystyle f\in F} 2838: 2818: 2798: 2774: 2714: 2661: 2619: 2599: 2570: 2540: 2508: 2473: 2453: 2421: 2401: 2377: 2353: 2325: 2301: 2263: 2229: 2209: 2170: 2140: 2108: 2082: 2052: 2022: 1983: 1949: 1921: 1850: 1706: 1625: 1569: 1568:{\displaystyle f\in F} 1543: 1520: 1496: 1464: 1426: 1402: 1382: 1351: 1315: 1288: 1253: 1218: 1184: 1150: 1130: 1103: 1042: 1022: 992: 942: 846: 808: 768: 684: 683:{\displaystyle f\in F} 658: 632: 600: 574: 542: 541:{\displaystyle a\in A} 516: 482: 462: 439: 392: 360: 328: 296: 260: 225: 182: 158: 138: 111: 4772:Poincare, H. (1905). 4647:distributive lattices 4635:distributive lattices 4618: 4530: 4436: 4340: 4252: 4210: 4190: 4188:{\displaystyle \sim } 4170: 4107: 4081: 4043: 4014: 3976: 3944: 3893: 3857: 3833: 3803: 3780: 3778:{\displaystyle \sim } 3664: 3602: 3600:{\displaystyle (A,F)} 3570: 3568:{\displaystyle \sim } 3550: 3505: 3453: 3451:{\displaystyle (A,F)} 3421: 3419:{\displaystyle \sim } 3401: 3351: 3324: 3322:{\displaystyle (A,F)} 3277: 3275:{\displaystyle \sim } 3257: 3255:{\displaystyle (A,F)} 3222: 3161: 3014: 2927: 2865: 2839: 2819: 2799: 2797:{\displaystyle \sim } 2775: 2773:{\displaystyle (A,F)} 2715: 2662: 2620: 2600: 2571: 2541: 2509: 2474: 2454: 2422: 2407:forms a tolerance on 2402: 2378: 2354: 2326: 2302: 2264: 2230: 2228:{\displaystyle \sim } 2210: 2171: 2141: 2109: 2083: 2053: 2023: 2021:{\displaystyle (A,F)} 1984: 1982:{\displaystyle \sim } 1950: 1922: 1851: 1707: 1626: 1570: 1544: 1521: 1497: 1465: 1427: 1403: 1383: 1352: 1316: 1289: 1254: 1219: 1185: 1151: 1131: 1104: 1102:{\displaystyle (A,F)} 1043: 1023: 1021:{\displaystyle A^{2}} 993: 943: 847: 809: 769: 685: 659: 633: 601: 575: 543: 517: 483: 463: 461:{\displaystyle \sim } 440: 438:{\displaystyle (A,F)} 393: 361: 329: 297: 261: 226: 224:{\displaystyle (A,F)} 183: 159: 139: 112: 110:{\displaystyle (A,F)} 4934:Discrete Mathematics 4643:congruence relations 4545: 4446: 4352: 4261: 4219: 4199: 4179: 4127: 4090: 4052: 4026: 3985: 3959: 3905: 3866: 3846: 3812: 3792: 3769: 3719:algebraic structures 3611: 3579: 3559: 3517: 3462: 3430: 3410: 3368: 3358:algebraic structures 3336: 3301: 3291:congruence relations 3284:congruence relations 3266: 3234: 3179: 3026: 2936: 2932:, there is a unique 2874: 2848: 2828: 2808: 2788: 2752: 2738:congruence relations 2683: 2633: 2609: 2580: 2550: 2518: 2483: 2463: 2434: 2411: 2387: 2367: 2339: 2315: 2281: 2243: 2219: 2187: 2150: 2118: 2092: 2066: 2032: 2000: 1973: 1939: 1927:need not be unique.) 1860: 1716: 1635: 1579: 1553: 1533: 1506: 1474: 1436: 1412: 1392: 1366: 1325: 1301: 1263: 1228: 1194: 1164: 1140: 1116: 1081: 1032: 1005: 952: 856: 818: 778: 694: 668: 648: 610: 584: 558: 526: 500: 472: 452: 417: 370: 338: 306: 274: 238: 203: 172: 148: 128: 89: 5181:Symmetric relations 5176:Reflexive relations 5082:. Basel: Springer. 4676:Dependency relation 4257:there exist unique 3715:congruence relation 3699:symmetric relations 3692:algebraic structure 2782:algebraic structure 2335:.) Conversely, let 2275:equivalence classes 2237:congruence relation 1995:algebraic structure 1958:congruence relation 1076:algebraic structure 1055:congruence relation 948:. That is, the set 412:algebraic structure 402:As binary relations 268:congruence relation 198:algebraic structure 190:algebraic structure 84:algebraic structure 56:algebraic structure 33:algebraic structure 4751:10.1007/BF00046585 4613: 4525: 4431: 4335: 4247: 4205: 4185: 4165: 4102: 4076: 4038: 4009: 3971: 3939: 3888: 3852: 3828: 3798: 3775: 3659: 3597: 3565: 3545: 3500: 3448: 3416: 3396: 3346: 3319: 3272: 3252: 3217: 3156: 3009: 2922: 2860: 2834: 2814: 2794: 2770: 2710: 2657: 2615: 2605:is a tolerance on 2595: 2566: 2536: 2504: 2469: 2449: 2417: 2397: 2373: 2349: 2321: 2297: 2259: 2225: 2205: 2176:is the set of all 2166: 2136: 2104: 2078: 2048: 2018: 1979: 1945: 1917: 1846: 1702: 1621: 1565: 1539: 1516: 1492: 1460: 1422: 1398: 1378: 1347: 1311: 1284: 1283: 1249: 1248: 1214: 1180: 1146: 1126: 1099: 1072:tolerance relation 1038: 1018: 988: 938: 842: 804: 764: 680: 654: 628: 596: 570: 538: 512: 478: 458: 435: 408:tolerance relation 388: 356: 324: 292: 256: 221: 178: 154: 134: 122:symmetric relation 107: 80:tolerance relation 40:symmetric relation 29:tolerance relation 5166:Universal algebra 5097:978-3-0348-0017-4 4717:978-0-8218-8323-5 4208:{\displaystyle L} 3855:{\displaystyle L} 3840:convex sublattice 3801:{\displaystyle L} 3282:. In the case of 2837:{\displaystyle n} 2817:{\displaystyle A} 2679:whose inverse is 2618:{\displaystyle A} 2472:{\displaystyle A} 2420:{\displaystyle A} 2383:and suppose that 2376:{\displaystyle A} 2324:{\displaystyle A} 2058:be the family of 1948:{\displaystyle A} 1542:{\displaystyle n} 1401:{\displaystyle S} 1149:{\displaystyle A} 1041:{\displaystyle A} 657:{\displaystyle n} 481:{\displaystyle A} 233:algebraic lattice 181:{\displaystyle A} 157:{\displaystyle F} 137:{\displaystyle A} 50:is dropped. On a 21:universal algebra 5193: 5126: 5125: 5075: 5069: 5068: 5043:(3–4): 229–240. 5032: 5026: 5025: 4989: 4976: 4975: 4949: 4925: 4919: 4918: 4892: 4883:(101): 304–311. 4868: 4862: 4861: 4820:(3–4): 389–397. 4809: 4798: 4797: 4791: 4783: 4769: 4763: 4762: 4728: 4722: 4721: 4703: 4651:modular lattices 4639:modular lattices 4622: 4620: 4619: 4614: 4609: 4608: 4607: 4602: 4586: 4585: 4584: 4579: 4563: 4558: 4534: 4532: 4531: 4526: 4521: 4520: 4519: 4514: 4464: 4463: 4440: 4438: 4437: 4432: 4427: 4426: 4425: 4420: 4370: 4369: 4344: 4342: 4341: 4336: 4334: 4329: 4315: 4314: 4313: 4308: 4286: 4285: 4284: 4279: 4256: 4254: 4253: 4248: 4246: 4241: 4214: 4212: 4211: 4206: 4194: 4192: 4191: 4186: 4174: 4172: 4171: 4166: 4161: 4160: 4148: 4147: 4111: 4109: 4108: 4103: 4085: 4083: 4082: 4077: 4047: 4045: 4044: 4039: 4018: 4016: 4015: 4010: 3980: 3978: 3977: 3972: 3948: 3946: 3945: 3940: 3932: 3918: 3897: 3895: 3894: 3889: 3887: 3882: 3862:. Thus, for all 3861: 3859: 3858: 3853: 3837: 3835: 3834: 3829: 3827: 3822: 3807: 3805: 3804: 3799: 3784: 3782: 3781: 3776: 3755:Boolean algebras 3735:Boolean algebras 3668: 3666: 3665: 3660: 3658: 3657: 3645: 3640: 3629: 3624: 3606: 3604: 3603: 3598: 3574: 3572: 3571: 3566: 3554: 3552: 3551: 3546: 3544: 3543: 3509: 3507: 3506: 3501: 3496: 3491: 3480: 3475: 3457: 3455: 3454: 3449: 3425: 3423: 3422: 3417: 3405: 3403: 3402: 3397: 3395: 3394: 3355: 3353: 3352: 3347: 3345: 3344: 3328: 3326: 3325: 3320: 3281: 3279: 3278: 3273: 3261: 3259: 3258: 3253: 3226: 3224: 3223: 3218: 3213: 3208: 3197: 3192: 3171:quotient algebra 3165: 3163: 3162: 3157: 3152: 3151: 3133: 3132: 3117: 3112: 3095: 3094: 3082: 3081: 3066: 3065: 3047: 3046: 3018: 3016: 3015: 3010: 3008: 3003: 2989: 2988: 2970: 2969: 2954: 2949: 2931: 2929: 2928: 2923: 2921: 2916: 2905: 2904: 2886: 2885: 2869: 2867: 2866: 2861: 2843: 2841: 2840: 2835: 2823: 2821: 2820: 2815: 2803: 2801: 2800: 2795: 2779: 2777: 2776: 2771: 2719: 2717: 2716: 2711: 2709: 2708: 2707: 2706: 2692: 2691: 2673:binary relations 2666: 2664: 2663: 2658: 2656: 2651: 2640: 2624: 2622: 2621: 2616: 2604: 2602: 2601: 2596: 2594: 2593: 2592: 2575: 2573: 2572: 2567: 2565: 2564: 2545: 2543: 2542: 2537: 2513: 2511: 2510: 2505: 2500: 2499: 2498: 2478: 2476: 2475: 2470: 2458: 2456: 2455: 2450: 2448: 2447: 2446: 2426: 2424: 2423: 2418: 2406: 2404: 2403: 2398: 2396: 2395: 2382: 2380: 2379: 2374: 2358: 2356: 2355: 2350: 2348: 2347: 2330: 2328: 2327: 2322: 2306: 2304: 2303: 2298: 2296: 2291: 2268: 2266: 2265: 2260: 2258: 2253: 2234: 2232: 2231: 2226: 2214: 2212: 2211: 2206: 2175: 2173: 2172: 2167: 2165: 2160: 2145: 2143: 2142: 2137: 2113: 2111: 2110: 2105: 2087: 2085: 2084: 2079: 2057: 2055: 2054: 2049: 2047: 2042: 2027: 2025: 2024: 2019: 1988: 1986: 1985: 1980: 1954: 1952: 1951: 1946: 1926: 1924: 1923: 1918: 1913: 1912: 1894: 1893: 1878: 1873: 1855: 1853: 1852: 1847: 1842: 1841: 1823: 1822: 1807: 1802: 1785: 1784: 1772: 1771: 1756: 1755: 1737: 1736: 1711: 1709: 1708: 1703: 1701: 1700: 1688: 1687: 1669: 1668: 1653: 1648: 1630: 1628: 1627: 1622: 1620: 1619: 1610: 1609: 1591: 1590: 1574: 1572: 1571: 1566: 1548: 1546: 1545: 1540: 1525: 1523: 1522: 1517: 1515: 1514: 1501: 1499: 1498: 1493: 1469: 1467: 1466: 1461: 1431: 1429: 1428: 1423: 1421: 1420: 1407: 1405: 1404: 1399: 1387: 1385: 1384: 1379: 1356: 1354: 1353: 1348: 1334: 1333: 1320: 1318: 1317: 1312: 1310: 1309: 1293: 1291: 1290: 1285: 1276: 1275: 1258: 1256: 1255: 1250: 1247: 1246: 1223: 1221: 1220: 1215: 1213: 1212: 1203: 1202: 1189: 1187: 1186: 1181: 1179: 1178: 1155: 1153: 1152: 1147: 1135: 1133: 1132: 1127: 1125: 1124: 1108: 1106: 1105: 1100: 1047: 1045: 1044: 1039: 1027: 1025: 1024: 1019: 1017: 1016: 997: 995: 994: 989: 947: 945: 944: 939: 934: 933: 915: 914: 893: 892: 874: 873: 851: 849: 848: 843: 813: 811: 810: 805: 803: 802: 790: 789: 773: 771: 770: 765: 757: 756: 738: 737: 725: 724: 706: 705: 689: 687: 686: 681: 663: 661: 660: 655: 637: 635: 634: 629: 605: 603: 602: 597: 579: 577: 576: 571: 547: 545: 544: 539: 521: 519: 518: 513: 487: 485: 484: 479: 467: 465: 464: 459: 444: 442: 441: 436: 397: 395: 394: 389: 365: 363: 362: 357: 333: 331: 330: 325: 301: 299: 298: 293: 265: 263: 262: 257: 230: 228: 227: 222: 187: 185: 184: 179: 163: 161: 160: 155: 143: 141: 140: 135: 116: 114: 113: 108: 64:indiscernibility 5201: 5200: 5196: 5195: 5194: 5192: 5191: 5190: 5156: 5155: 5135: 5133:Further reading 5130: 5129: 5098: 5076: 5072: 5033: 5029: 4990: 4979: 4926: 4922: 4869: 4865: 4810: 4801: 4785: 4784: 4770: 4766: 4729: 4725: 4718: 4704: 4700: 4695: 4672: 4603: 4598: 4594: 4590: 4580: 4575: 4571: 4567: 4559: 4554: 4546: 4543: 4542: 4515: 4510: 4506: 4502: 4459: 4455: 4447: 4444: 4443: 4421: 4416: 4412: 4408: 4365: 4361: 4353: 4350: 4349: 4330: 4325: 4309: 4304: 4300: 4296: 4280: 4275: 4271: 4267: 4262: 4259: 4258: 4242: 4237: 4220: 4217: 4216: 4200: 4197: 4196: 4180: 4177: 4176: 4156: 4152: 4143: 4139: 4128: 4125: 4124: 4116:The variety of 4091: 4088: 4087: 4053: 4050: 4049: 4027: 4024: 4023: 3986: 3983: 3982: 3981:if and only if 3960: 3957: 3956: 3928: 3914: 3906: 3903: 3902: 3883: 3878: 3867: 3864: 3863: 3847: 3844: 3843: 3823: 3818: 3813: 3810: 3809: 3808:, every set in 3793: 3790: 3789: 3770: 3767: 3766: 3763: 3707: 3684: 3679: 3653: 3652: 3641: 3636: 3625: 3620: 3612: 3609: 3608: 3580: 3577: 3576: 3560: 3557: 3556: 3539: 3538: 3518: 3515: 3514: 3492: 3487: 3476: 3471: 3463: 3460: 3459: 3431: 3428: 3427: 3411: 3408: 3407: 3390: 3389: 3369: 3366: 3365: 3340: 3339: 3337: 3334: 3333: 3302: 3299: 3298: 3267: 3264: 3263: 3235: 3232: 3231: 3209: 3204: 3193: 3188: 3180: 3177: 3176: 3147: 3143: 3128: 3124: 3113: 3108: 3090: 3086: 3077: 3073: 3061: 3057: 3042: 3038: 3027: 3024: 3023: 3004: 2999: 2984: 2980: 2965: 2961: 2950: 2945: 2937: 2934: 2933: 2917: 2912: 2900: 2896: 2881: 2877: 2875: 2872: 2871: 2849: 2846: 2845: 2844:-ary operation 2829: 2826: 2825: 2809: 2806: 2805: 2789: 2786: 2785: 2753: 2750: 2749: 2746: 2726:binary relation 2702: 2701: 2697: 2696: 2687: 2686: 2684: 2681: 2680: 2652: 2647: 2636: 2634: 2631: 2630: 2627:binary relation 2610: 2607: 2606: 2588: 2587: 2583: 2581: 2578: 2577: 2560: 2559: 2551: 2548: 2547: 2519: 2516: 2515: 2514:if and only if 2494: 2493: 2489: 2484: 2481: 2480: 2464: 2461: 2460: 2442: 2441: 2437: 2435: 2432: 2431: 2429:binary relation 2412: 2409: 2408: 2391: 2390: 2388: 2385: 2384: 2368: 2365: 2364: 2343: 2342: 2340: 2337: 2336: 2316: 2313: 2312: 2292: 2287: 2282: 2279: 2278: 2254: 2249: 2244: 2241: 2240: 2220: 2217: 2216: 2188: 2185: 2184: 2178:maximal cliques 2161: 2156: 2151: 2148: 2147: 2119: 2116: 2115: 2093: 2090: 2089: 2067: 2064: 2063: 2043: 2038: 2033: 2030: 2029: 2001: 1998: 1997: 1991:binary relation 1989:be a tolerance 1974: 1971: 1970: 1967: 1940: 1937: 1936: 1908: 1904: 1889: 1885: 1874: 1869: 1861: 1858: 1857: 1837: 1833: 1818: 1814: 1803: 1798: 1780: 1776: 1767: 1763: 1751: 1747: 1732: 1728: 1717: 1714: 1713: 1696: 1695: 1683: 1679: 1664: 1660: 1649: 1644: 1636: 1633: 1632: 1615: 1614: 1605: 1601: 1586: 1582: 1580: 1577: 1576: 1554: 1551: 1550: 1534: 1531: 1530: 1510: 1509: 1507: 1504: 1503: 1475: 1472: 1471: 1437: 1434: 1433: 1416: 1415: 1413: 1410: 1409: 1393: 1390: 1389: 1367: 1364: 1363: 1329: 1328: 1326: 1323: 1322: 1305: 1304: 1302: 1299: 1298: 1271: 1270: 1264: 1261: 1260: 1242: 1241: 1229: 1226: 1225: 1208: 1207: 1198: 1197: 1195: 1192: 1191: 1174: 1173: 1165: 1162: 1161: 1141: 1138: 1137: 1120: 1119: 1117: 1114: 1113: 1082: 1079: 1078: 1068: 1033: 1030: 1029: 1012: 1008: 1006: 1003: 1002: 953: 950: 949: 929: 925: 910: 906: 888: 884: 869: 865: 857: 854: 853: 819: 816: 815: 798: 794: 785: 781: 779: 776: 775: 752: 748: 733: 729: 720: 716: 701: 697: 695: 692: 691: 669: 666: 665: 664:-ary operation 649: 646: 645: 611: 608: 607: 585: 582: 581: 559: 556: 555: 527: 524: 523: 501: 498: 497: 473: 470: 469: 453: 450: 449: 447:binary relation 418: 415: 414: 404: 371: 368: 367: 339: 336: 335: 307: 304: 303: 275: 272: 271: 239: 236: 235: 204: 201: 200: 173: 170: 169: 149: 146: 145: 129: 126: 125: 90: 87: 86: 76: 60:tolerance space 17: 12: 11: 5: 5199: 5189: 5188: 5186:Approximations 5183: 5178: 5173: 5171:Lattice theory 5168: 5154: 5153: 5146: 5134: 5131: 5128: 5127: 5096: 5070: 5027: 4977: 4920: 4863: 4799: 4764: 4745:(2): 137–167. 4723: 4716: 4697: 4696: 4694: 4691: 4690: 4689: 4684: 4678: 4671: 4668: 4664:direct product 4624: 4623: 4612: 4606: 4601: 4597: 4593: 4589: 4583: 4578: 4574: 4570: 4566: 4562: 4557: 4553: 4550: 4536: 4535: 4524: 4518: 4513: 4509: 4505: 4501: 4498: 4495: 4492: 4489: 4486: 4482: 4479: 4476: 4473: 4470: 4467: 4462: 4458: 4454: 4451: 4441: 4430: 4424: 4419: 4415: 4411: 4407: 4404: 4401: 4398: 4395: 4392: 4388: 4385: 4382: 4379: 4376: 4373: 4368: 4364: 4360: 4357: 4333: 4328: 4324: 4321: 4318: 4312: 4307: 4303: 4299: 4295: 4292: 4289: 4283: 4278: 4274: 4270: 4266: 4245: 4240: 4236: 4233: 4230: 4227: 4224: 4204: 4184: 4164: 4159: 4155: 4151: 4146: 4142: 4138: 4135: 4132: 4114: 4113: 4101: 4098: 4095: 4075: 4072: 4069: 4066: 4063: 4060: 4057: 4037: 4034: 4031: 4020: 4008: 4005: 4002: 3999: 3996: 3993: 3990: 3970: 3967: 3964: 3950: 3949: 3938: 3935: 3931: 3927: 3924: 3921: 3917: 3913: 3910: 3886: 3881: 3877: 3874: 3871: 3851: 3826: 3821: 3817: 3797: 3774: 3762: 3759: 3706: 3703: 3683: 3680: 3678: 3675: 3671: 3670: 3656: 3651: 3648: 3644: 3639: 3635: 3632: 3628: 3623: 3619: 3616: 3596: 3593: 3590: 3587: 3584: 3564: 3542: 3537: 3534: 3531: 3528: 3525: 3522: 3511: 3499: 3495: 3490: 3486: 3483: 3479: 3474: 3470: 3467: 3447: 3444: 3441: 3438: 3435: 3415: 3393: 3388: 3385: 3382: 3379: 3376: 3373: 3343: 3318: 3315: 3312: 3309: 3306: 3271: 3251: 3248: 3245: 3242: 3239: 3228: 3227: 3216: 3212: 3207: 3203: 3200: 3196: 3191: 3187: 3184: 3167: 3166: 3155: 3150: 3146: 3142: 3139: 3136: 3131: 3127: 3123: 3120: 3116: 3111: 3107: 3104: 3101: 3098: 3093: 3089: 3085: 3080: 3076: 3072: 3069: 3064: 3060: 3056: 3053: 3050: 3045: 3041: 3037: 3034: 3031: 3007: 3002: 2998: 2995: 2992: 2987: 2983: 2979: 2976: 2973: 2968: 2964: 2960: 2957: 2953: 2948: 2944: 2941: 2920: 2915: 2911: 2908: 2903: 2899: 2895: 2892: 2889: 2884: 2880: 2859: 2856: 2853: 2833: 2813: 2793: 2769: 2766: 2763: 2760: 2757: 2745: 2742: 2705: 2700: 2695: 2690: 2655: 2650: 2646: 2643: 2639: 2614: 2591: 2586: 2563: 2558: 2555: 2535: 2532: 2529: 2526: 2523: 2503: 2497: 2492: 2488: 2468: 2445: 2440: 2416: 2394: 2372: 2346: 2320: 2295: 2290: 2286: 2257: 2252: 2248: 2224: 2204: 2201: 2198: 2195: 2192: 2164: 2159: 2155: 2135: 2132: 2129: 2126: 2123: 2103: 2100: 2097: 2077: 2074: 2071: 2046: 2041: 2037: 2017: 2014: 2011: 2008: 2005: 1978: 1966: 1963: 1944: 1929: 1928: 1916: 1911: 1907: 1903: 1900: 1897: 1892: 1888: 1884: 1881: 1877: 1872: 1868: 1865: 1845: 1840: 1836: 1832: 1829: 1826: 1821: 1817: 1813: 1810: 1806: 1801: 1797: 1794: 1791: 1788: 1783: 1779: 1775: 1770: 1766: 1762: 1759: 1754: 1750: 1746: 1743: 1740: 1735: 1731: 1727: 1724: 1721: 1699: 1694: 1691: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1675: 1672: 1667: 1663: 1659: 1656: 1652: 1647: 1643: 1640: 1618: 1613: 1608: 1604: 1600: 1597: 1594: 1589: 1585: 1564: 1561: 1558: 1538: 1527: 1513: 1491: 1488: 1485: 1482: 1479: 1459: 1456: 1453: 1450: 1447: 1444: 1441: 1419: 1397: 1377: 1374: 1371: 1360: 1359: 1358: 1346: 1343: 1340: 1337: 1332: 1308: 1282: 1279: 1274: 1269: 1245: 1240: 1237: 1234: 1211: 1206: 1201: 1177: 1172: 1169: 1145: 1123: 1098: 1095: 1092: 1089: 1086: 1067: 1064: 1050: 1049: 1037: 1015: 1011: 1000:direct product 987: 984: 981: 978: 975: 972: 969: 966: 963: 960: 957: 937: 932: 928: 924: 921: 918: 913: 909: 905: 902: 899: 896: 891: 887: 883: 880: 877: 872: 868: 864: 861: 841: 838: 835: 832: 829: 826: 823: 801: 797: 793: 788: 784: 763: 760: 755: 751: 747: 744: 741: 736: 732: 728: 723: 719: 715: 712: 709: 704: 700: 679: 676: 673: 653: 638: 627: 624: 621: 618: 615: 595: 592: 589: 569: 566: 563: 548: 537: 534: 531: 511: 508: 505: 477: 457: 434: 431: 428: 425: 422: 403: 400: 387: 384: 381: 378: 375: 355: 352: 349: 346: 343: 323: 320: 317: 314: 311: 291: 288: 285: 282: 279: 255: 252: 249: 246: 243: 220: 217: 214: 211: 208: 177: 153: 133: 106: 103: 100: 97: 94: 75: 72: 25:lattice theory 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5198: 5187: 5184: 5182: 5179: 5177: 5174: 5172: 5169: 5167: 5164: 5163: 5161: 5151: 5147: 5145: 5141: 5137: 5136: 5123: 5119: 5115: 5111: 5107: 5103: 5099: 5093: 5089: 5085: 5081: 5074: 5066: 5062: 5058: 5054: 5050: 5046: 5042: 5038: 5031: 5023: 5019: 5015: 5011: 5007: 5003: 4999: 4995: 4988: 4986: 4984: 4982: 4973: 4969: 4965: 4961: 4957: 4953: 4948: 4943: 4939: 4935: 4931: 4924: 4916: 4912: 4908: 4904: 4900: 4896: 4891: 4886: 4882: 4878: 4874: 4867: 4859: 4855: 4851: 4847: 4843: 4839: 4835: 4831: 4827: 4823: 4819: 4815: 4808: 4806: 4804: 4795: 4789: 4781: 4777: 4776: 4768: 4760: 4756: 4752: 4748: 4744: 4740: 4739: 4734: 4727: 4719: 4713: 4709: 4702: 4698: 4688: 4685: 4682: 4679: 4677: 4674: 4673: 4667: 4665: 4661: 4657: 4652: 4648: 4644: 4640: 4636: 4631: 4629: 4604: 4599: 4595: 4591: 4587: 4581: 4576: 4572: 4568: 4564: 4560: 4555: 4551: 4541: 4540: 4539: 4522: 4516: 4511: 4507: 4503: 4499: 4496: 4490: 4487: 4484: 4480: 4477: 4474: 4471: 4468: 4465: 4460: 4456: 4452: 4442: 4428: 4422: 4417: 4413: 4409: 4405: 4402: 4396: 4393: 4390: 4386: 4383: 4380: 4377: 4374: 4371: 4366: 4362: 4358: 4348: 4347: 4346: 4331: 4326: 4322: 4319: 4316: 4310: 4305: 4301: 4297: 4293: 4290: 4287: 4281: 4276: 4272: 4268: 4264: 4243: 4238: 4234: 4231: 4228: 4225: 4222: 4202: 4182: 4157: 4153: 4149: 4144: 4140: 4136: 4133: 4123: 4119: 4099: 4096: 4093: 4073: 4070: 4067: 4064: 4061: 4058: 4055: 4035: 4032: 4029: 4021: 4006: 4003: 4000: 3997: 3994: 3991: 3988: 3968: 3965: 3962: 3955: 3954: 3953: 3936: 3933: 3925: 3922: 3919: 3911: 3908: 3901: 3900: 3899: 3884: 3879: 3875: 3872: 3869: 3849: 3841: 3824: 3819: 3815: 3795: 3788: 3772: 3758: 3756: 3752: 3748: 3747:vector spaces 3744: 3740: 3736: 3732: 3728: 3727:vector spaces 3724: 3720: 3716: 3712: 3702: 3700: 3697: 3693: 3689: 3674: 3649: 3642: 3637: 3633: 3630: 3626: 3621: 3617: 3591: 3588: 3585: 3562: 3535: 3529: 3526: 3523: 3512: 3493: 3488: 3484: 3481: 3477: 3472: 3468: 3442: 3439: 3436: 3413: 3386: 3380: 3377: 3374: 3363: 3362: 3361: 3359: 3332: 3313: 3310: 3307: 3296: 3292: 3287: 3285: 3269: 3246: 3243: 3240: 3210: 3205: 3201: 3198: 3194: 3189: 3185: 3175: 3174: 3173: 3172: 3148: 3144: 3140: 3137: 3134: 3129: 3125: 3114: 3109: 3105: 3099: 3091: 3087: 3083: 3078: 3074: 3070: 3062: 3058: 3054: 3051: 3048: 3043: 3039: 3032: 3022: 3021: 3020: 3005: 3000: 2996: 2993: 2985: 2981: 2977: 2974: 2971: 2966: 2962: 2951: 2946: 2942: 2918: 2913: 2909: 2906: 2901: 2897: 2893: 2890: 2887: 2882: 2878: 2857: 2854: 2851: 2831: 2811: 2791: 2783: 2764: 2761: 2758: 2741: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2727: 2723: 2698: 2678: 2674: 2670: 2653: 2648: 2644: 2637: 2628: 2612: 2584: 2556: 2553: 2533: 2530: 2527: 2524: 2521: 2501: 2490: 2486: 2466: 2438: 2430: 2427:. Consider a 2414: 2370: 2362: 2334: 2318: 2310: 2293: 2288: 2284: 2276: 2272: 2255: 2250: 2246: 2238: 2222: 2199: 2196: 2193: 2183: 2179: 2162: 2157: 2153: 2133: 2130: 2127: 2124: 2121: 2101: 2098: 2095: 2075: 2072: 2069: 2061: 2044: 2039: 2035: 2012: 2009: 2006: 1996: 1992: 1976: 1962: 1960: 1959: 1942: 1934: 1909: 1905: 1901: 1898: 1895: 1890: 1886: 1875: 1870: 1866: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1827: 1824: 1819: 1815: 1804: 1799: 1795: 1789: 1781: 1777: 1773: 1768: 1764: 1760: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1741: 1738: 1733: 1729: 1722: 1692: 1684: 1680: 1676: 1673: 1670: 1665: 1661: 1650: 1645: 1641: 1631:, there is a 1611: 1606: 1602: 1598: 1595: 1592: 1587: 1583: 1562: 1559: 1556: 1536: 1528: 1486: 1483: 1480: 1457: 1454: 1448: 1445: 1442: 1395: 1375: 1372: 1369: 1361: 1341: 1335: 1296: 1295: 1280: 1277: 1267: 1238: 1235: 1232: 1204: 1170: 1167: 1159: 1158: 1157: 1143: 1112: 1093: 1090: 1087: 1077: 1073: 1063: 1061: 1057: 1056: 1035: 1013: 1009: 1001: 982: 979: 976: 973: 967: 964: 961: 930: 926: 922: 919: 916: 911: 907: 900: 897: 889: 885: 881: 878: 875: 870: 866: 859: 839: 836: 833: 830: 827: 824: 821: 799: 795: 791: 786: 782: 761: 758: 753: 749: 745: 742: 739: 734: 730: 726: 721: 717: 713: 710: 707: 702: 698: 677: 674: 671: 651: 643: 642:Compatibility 639: 625: 622: 619: 616: 613: 593: 590: 587: 567: 564: 561: 553: 549: 535: 532: 529: 509: 506: 503: 495: 491: 490: 489: 475: 455: 448: 429: 426: 423: 413: 409: 399: 382: 376: 373: 350: 344: 341: 318: 312: 309: 286: 280: 277: 269: 250: 244: 241: 234: 215: 212: 209: 199: 195: 191: 175: 167: 151: 131: 123: 120: 101: 98: 95: 85: 81: 71: 69: 65: 61: 57: 53: 49: 45: 41: 38: 34: 30: 26: 22: 5079: 5073: 5040: 5036: 5030: 4997: 4993: 4937: 4933: 4923: 4880: 4876: 4866: 4817: 4813: 4774: 4767: 4742: 4736: 4726: 4707: 4701: 4632: 4625: 4537: 4115: 3951: 3764: 3708: 3685: 3672: 3288: 3229: 3170: 3168: 2747: 2740:also agree. 2333:Zorn's lemma 2271:quotient set 2269:is just the 1968: 1956: 1930: 1071: 1069: 1053: 1051: 407: 405: 79: 77: 59: 48:transitivity 28: 18: 4940:: 253–262. 4215:, for each 3510:is defined. 644:) for each 494:Reflexivity 74:Definitions 5160:Categories 5122:1233.06001 5106:2011921250 5065:0727.06011 5022:0484.06010 4972:0615.20045 4915:0333.08006 4858:1321.08002 4693:References 4660:isomorphic 4345:such that 3898:, we have 3019:such that 2722:transitive 2629:. The map 2479:for which 2114:for every 2088:such that 1856:. (Such a 1712:such that 1529:For every 1470:such that 1362:For every 1160:For every 1060:transitive 44:congruence 5049:0001-6969 5006:0001-6969 5000:: 35–42. 4956:0012-365X 4899:0011-4642 4834:0001-6969 4788:cite book 4759:119731847 4687:Rough set 4605:∼ 4592:∧ 4582:∼ 4569:∨ 4561:∼ 4517:∼ 4504:∧ 4497:⊆ 4488:∈ 4475:∈ 4469:: 4457:∧ 4423:∼ 4410:∨ 4403:⊆ 4394:∈ 4381:∈ 4375:: 4363:∨ 4332:∼ 4320:∈ 4311:∼ 4298:∧ 4282:∼ 4269:∨ 4244:∼ 4232:∈ 4183:∼ 4154:∧ 4141:∨ 4097:∼ 4071:≤ 4059:≤ 4033:∼ 4004:∧ 3998:∼ 3992:∨ 3966:∼ 3934:⁡ 3930:↓ 3926:∩ 3920:⁡ 3916:↑ 3885:∼ 3873:∈ 3825:∼ 3773:∼ 3696:reflexive 3650:∈ 3643:∼ 3627:∼ 3563:∼ 3536:∈ 3494:∼ 3478:∼ 3414:∼ 3387:∈ 3270:∼ 3211:∼ 3195:∼ 3138:… 3115:∼ 3100:⊆ 3084:∈ 3071:: 3052:… 3006:∼ 2994:∈ 2975:… 2952:∼ 2919:∼ 2907:∈ 2891:… 2855:∈ 2792:∼ 2730:partition 2699:∼ 2694:↦ 2654:∼ 2642:↦ 2638:∼ 2585:∼ 2557:∈ 2546:for some 2531:∈ 2491:∼ 2439:∼ 2294:∼ 2256:∼ 2223:∼ 2200:∼ 2163:∼ 2131:∈ 2099:∼ 2073:⊆ 2045:∼ 1977:∼ 1933:partition 1899:… 1876:∼ 1828:… 1805:∼ 1790:⊆ 1774:∈ 1761:: 1742:… 1693:∈ 1674:… 1651:∼ 1612:∈ 1596:… 1560:∈ 1455:⊆ 1373:⊆ 1278:⊆ 1268:⋂ 1239:⋃ 1236:⊆ 1205:⊆ 1171:∈ 1066:As covers 980:∼ 974:: 920:… 898:∼ 879:… 834:… 814:for each 792:∼ 759:∈ 743:… 711:… 675:∈ 623:∈ 591:∼ 565:∼ 533:∈ 507:∼ 456:∼ 377:⁡ 345:⁡ 313:⁡ 281:⁡ 245:⁡ 119:reflexive 37:reflexive 4850:85560830 4670:See also 4118:lattices 3761:Lattices 3677:Examples 2784:and let 2062:subsets 606:for all 552:Symmetry 522:for all 231:form an 68:PoincarĂ© 5114:2768581 5057:1096802 5014:0660510 4964:0887364 4907:0401561 4842:3307031 4656:lattice 4630:again. 4628:lattice 4122:lattice 4086:, then 3787:lattice 3751:modules 3731:modules 3331:variety 3295:variety 2675:and as 2576:. Then 2277:. Then 2180:of the 2060:maximal 1259:, then 1028:of two 5120:  5112:  5104:  5094:  5063:  5055:  5047:  5020:  5012:  5004:  4970:  4962:  4954:  4913:  4905:  4897:  4856:  4848:  4840:  4832:  4757:  4714:  3739:groups 3705:Groups 3690:is an 2780:be an 2677:covers 2028:. Let 1993:on an 1931:Every 1074:on an 410:on an 334:, but 82:on an 31:on an 4846:S2CID 4755:S2CID 4626:is a 3838:is a 3785:on a 3743:rings 3723:rings 3711:group 3709:On a 3297:that 3262:over 2734:cover 2732:as a 2724:as a 2667:is a 2625:as a 2361:cover 2359:be a 2309:cover 2307:is a 2235:is a 2215:. If 2182:graph 1549:-ary 1388:, if 1224:, if 1111:cover 1109:is a 852:then 774:, if 580:then 554:) if 445:is a 166:cover 54:, an 35:is a 5102:LCCN 5092:ISBN 5045:ISSN 5002:ISSN 4952:ISSN 4895:ISSN 4830:ISSN 4794:link 4782:-23. 4712:ISBN 4649:and 4637:and 4048:and 3753:and 3682:Sets 2870:and 2748:Let 1969:Let 1575:and 1190:and 690:and 374:Tolr 342:Cong 310:Tolr 278:Cong 242:Tolr 27:, a 23:and 5140:doi 5118:Zbl 5084:doi 5061:Zbl 5018:Zbl 4968:Zbl 4942:doi 4911:Zbl 4885:doi 4854:Zbl 4822:doi 4747:doi 4658:is 4195:on 4022:If 3842:of 3688:set 3575:on 3426:on 3356:of 3230:of 2459:on 2363:of 2311:of 2273:of 1935:of 1136:of 468:on 168:of 124:on 52:set 19:In 5162:: 5116:. 5110:MR 5108:. 5100:. 5090:. 5059:. 5053:MR 5051:. 5041:54 5039:. 5016:. 5010:MR 5008:. 4998:44 4996:. 4980:^ 4966:. 4960:MR 4958:. 4950:. 4938:64 4936:. 4932:. 4909:. 4903:MR 4901:. 4893:. 4881:26 4879:. 4875:. 4852:. 4844:. 4838:MR 4836:. 4828:. 4818:80 4816:. 4802:^ 4790:}} 4786:{{ 4780:22 4753:. 4741:. 4735:. 3749:, 3745:, 3741:, 3733:, 3729:, 3725:, 3686:A 2239:, 1357:.) 1294:. 1070:A 1062:. 1052:A 496:) 406:A 398:. 78:A 70:. 5142:: 5124:. 5086:: 5067:. 5024:. 4974:. 4944:: 4917:. 4887:: 4860:. 4824:: 4796:) 4761:. 4749:: 4743:5 4720:. 4611:) 4600:/ 4596:L 4588:, 4577:/ 4573:L 4565:, 4556:/ 4552:L 4549:( 4523:B 4512:/ 4508:L 4500:A 4494:} 4491:B 4485:b 4481:, 4478:A 4472:a 4466:b 4461:L 4453:a 4450:{ 4429:B 4418:/ 4414:L 4406:A 4400:} 4397:B 4391:b 4387:, 4384:A 4378:a 4372:b 4367:L 4359:a 4356:{ 4327:/ 4323:L 4317:B 4306:/ 4302:L 4294:A 4291:, 4288:B 4277:/ 4273:L 4265:A 4239:/ 4235:L 4229:B 4226:, 4223:A 4203:L 4163:) 4158:L 4150:, 4145:L 4137:, 4134:L 4131:( 4112:. 4100:d 4094:c 4074:b 4068:d 4065:, 4062:c 4056:a 4036:b 4030:a 4019:. 4007:b 4001:a 3995:b 3989:a 3969:b 3963:a 3937:A 3923:A 3912:= 3909:A 3880:/ 3876:L 3870:A 3850:L 3820:/ 3816:L 3796:L 3669:. 3655:V 3647:) 3638:/ 3634:F 3631:, 3622:/ 3618:A 3615:( 3595:) 3592:F 3589:, 3586:A 3583:( 3541:V 3533:) 3530:F 3527:, 3524:A 3521:( 3498:) 3489:/ 3485:F 3482:, 3473:/ 3469:A 3466:( 3446:) 3443:F 3440:, 3437:A 3434:( 3392:V 3384:) 3381:F 3378:, 3375:A 3372:( 3342:V 3317:) 3314:F 3311:, 3308:A 3305:( 3250:) 3247:F 3244:, 3241:A 3238:( 3215:) 3206:/ 3202:F 3199:, 3190:/ 3186:A 3183:( 3154:) 3149:n 3145:C 3141:, 3135:, 3130:1 3126:C 3122:( 3119:) 3110:/ 3106:f 3103:( 3097:} 3092:i 3088:C 3079:i 3075:c 3068:) 3063:n 3059:c 3055:, 3049:, 3044:1 3040:c 3036:( 3033:f 3030:{ 3001:/ 2997:A 2991:) 2986:n 2982:C 2978:, 2972:, 2967:1 2963:C 2959:( 2956:) 2947:/ 2943:f 2940:( 2914:/ 2910:A 2902:n 2898:C 2894:, 2888:, 2883:1 2879:C 2858:F 2852:f 2832:n 2812:A 2768:) 2765:F 2762:, 2759:A 2756:( 2704:C 2689:C 2649:/ 2645:A 2613:A 2590:C 2562:C 2554:C 2534:C 2528:b 2525:, 2522:a 2502:b 2496:C 2487:a 2467:A 2444:C 2415:A 2393:C 2371:A 2345:C 2319:A 2289:/ 2285:A 2251:/ 2247:A 2203:) 2197:, 2194:A 2191:( 2158:/ 2154:A 2134:C 2128:d 2125:, 2122:c 2102:d 2096:c 2076:A 2070:C 2040:/ 2036:A 2016:) 2013:F 2010:, 2007:A 2004:( 1943:A 1915:) 1910:n 1906:C 1902:, 1896:, 1891:1 1887:C 1883:( 1880:) 1871:/ 1867:f 1864:( 1844:) 1839:n 1835:C 1831:, 1825:, 1820:1 1816:C 1812:( 1809:) 1800:/ 1796:f 1793:( 1787:} 1782:i 1778:C 1769:i 1765:c 1758:) 1753:n 1749:c 1745:, 1739:, 1734:1 1730:c 1726:( 1723:f 1720:{ 1698:C 1690:) 1685:n 1681:C 1677:, 1671:, 1666:1 1662:C 1658:( 1655:) 1646:/ 1642:f 1639:( 1617:C 1607:n 1603:C 1599:, 1593:, 1588:1 1584:C 1563:F 1557:f 1537:n 1526:. 1512:C 1490:} 1487:t 1484:, 1481:s 1478:{ 1458:S 1452:} 1449:t 1446:, 1443:s 1440:{ 1418:C 1396:S 1376:A 1370:S 1345:} 1342:D 1339:{ 1336:= 1331:S 1307:C 1281:C 1273:S 1244:S 1233:C 1210:C 1200:S 1176:C 1168:C 1144:A 1122:C 1097:) 1094:F 1091:, 1088:A 1085:( 1048:. 1036:A 1014:2 1010:A 986:} 983:b 977:a 971:) 968:b 965:, 962:a 959:( 956:{ 936:) 931:n 927:b 923:, 917:, 912:1 908:b 904:( 901:f 895:) 890:n 886:a 882:, 876:, 871:1 867:a 863:( 860:f 840:n 837:, 831:, 828:1 825:= 822:i 800:i 796:b 787:i 783:a 762:A 754:n 750:b 746:, 740:, 735:1 731:b 727:, 722:n 718:a 714:, 708:, 703:1 699:a 678:F 672:f 652:n 640:( 626:A 620:b 617:, 614:a 594:a 588:b 568:b 562:a 550:( 536:A 530:a 510:a 504:a 492:( 476:A 433:) 430:F 427:, 424:A 421:( 386:) 383:A 380:( 354:) 351:A 348:( 322:) 319:A 316:( 290:) 287:A 284:( 254:) 251:A 248:( 219:) 216:F 213:, 210:A 207:( 176:A 152:F 132:A 105:) 102:F 99:, 96:A 93:(

Index

universal algebra
lattice theory
algebraic structure
reflexive
symmetric relation
congruence
transitivity
set
algebraic structure
indiscernibility
Poincaré
algebraic structure
reflexive
symmetric relation
cover
algebraic structure
one-to-one correspondence
algebraic structure
algebraic lattice
congruence relation
algebraic structure
binary relation
Reflexivity
Symmetry
Compatibility
direct product
congruence relation
transitive
algebraic structure
cover

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