662:
142:
702:
40:
2133:
628:, the state governments are responsible preparing a Tiger Conservation Plan which includes planning and management of notified areas and maintaining the requisite competent staff to ensure the protection of the tiger reserve and providing inputs for maintaining a viable population of tigers, co-predators and prey animals.
764:
project, state are provided assistance on curtailing poaching activities such as disseminating information on poachers, assisting in combing forest floor to check for traps and other anti-poaching activities, maintaining tiger database, providing grants and training for deployment of
Special Tiger Protection Force.
801:
enacted by the Indian government in 2006 recognizes the rights of forest dwelling communities in the buffer zones. Some of the wildlife experts have questioned the implications of the same on tiger conservation as it will increase human-animal conflict and might give opportunities for poaching. While
802:
others argue that this overlooks the reality of human-tiger coexistence and the abuse of power by authorities wherein local people who have been co-existing with the animals being evicted from their traditional lands rather than allowing them a proper role in decision-making to aid the tiger crisis.
684:
In 2018, according to the
National Tiger Conservation Authority, there were an estimated 2,603–3,346 wild tigers with an average of 2,967 in existence in India. The wild tiger population increased to 3,682 as of 2022. As India is home to majority of the global wild tiger population, the increase in
648:
In 1973, nine protected areas were initially designated as tiger reserves. By the late 1980s, the initial nine reserves covering an area of 9,115 km (3,519 sq mi) had been increased to 15 reserves covering an area of 24,700 km (9,500 sq mi). By 1997, 23 tiger reserves
763:
Function under the ambit of
Project Tiger include protection of tiger habitats, daily monitoring, facilitating ecological development for local people in the buffer zones, voluntary relocation of people from core/critical tiger habitats and addressing human-wildlife conflicts. As a part of the
677:. Based on the result of these surveys, the total tiger population was estimated at 1,411 individuals ranging from 1,165 to 1,657 adult and sub-adult tigers of more than 1.5 years of age. The 2010 National Tiger Assessment estimated the total population of wild tigers in India at 1,706. As per
639:
and a buffer zone which is a mix of forested and non-forested land. Project tiger is aimed at performing the necessary activities to ensure viability of tiger population in the core area and to promote a balance between the existence of people and animals in the buffer zones. In 2006,
1337:
644:
was formed to administer the tiger reserves which were set up as a part of
Project Tiger with Project Tiger becoming a centrally sponsored scheme (CSS) to provide funding for the establishment and administration of the tiger reserves.
1329:
1399:
1369:
1219:
1131:
1505:
1430:
1164:
1303:
272:
689:
played a major role in driving up global populations as well; the number of wild tigers globally rose from 3,159 in 2010 to 3,890 in 2016 according to the
466:
1391:
678:
609:
111:
669:
During the tiger census of 2006, a new methodology was used extrapolating site-specific densities of tigers, their co-predators and prey derived from
1569:
826:
413:
1359:
1035:
1193:
1215:
297:
1098:
1278:
461:
408:
1124:
567:
557:
984:
940:
595:
398:
1517:
373:
1006:
Thapar, V. (1999). "The tragedy of the Indian tiger: starting from scratch". In
Seidensticker, J.; Christie, S.; Jackson, P. (eds.).
811:
562:
1043:. TR 08/001. National Tiger Conservation Authority, Govt. of India, New Delhi; Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun. Archived from
973:. Park Ridge, N.J.: Minnesota Zoological Garden, IUCN/SSC Captive Breeding Group, IUCN/SSC Cat Specialist Group. pp. 110–117.
911:
2157:
1856:
476:
1065:
122:
under the project. As of 2023, there were 3,682 wild tigers in India, which is almost 75% of the world's wild tiger population.
2016:
2044:
1678:
1594:
1562:
1463:
978:
641:
437:
427:
74:
1422:
1157:
1968:
1483:
212:
2001:
882:
197:
1130:(Report). New Delhi, Dehradun: National Tiger Conservation Authority, Government of India, Wildlife Institute of India.
1724:
533:
2011:
1015:
2162:
2136:
1555:
625:
368:
287:
222:
1808:
588:
403:
334:
282:
237:
1245:
681:, the wild tiger population in India stood at 2,226 in 2014 with an increase of 30.5% since the 2010 estimate.
2177:
851:
227:
1866:
1714:
1031:
499:
307:
292:
17:
1963:
1894:
192:
1455:
An
Environmental History of Postcolonial North India: The Himalayan Tarai in Uttar Pradesh and Uttaranchal
1996:
1940:
1775:
732:. The wildlife habitats that fall under Project Tiger are categorized into different conservation units:
538:
432:
267:
257:
177:
1163:(Report). New Delhi, Dehradun: National Tiger Conservation Authority & Wildlife Institute of India.
1044:
2072:
1831:
1650:
1189:
690:
581:
481:
1973:
1826:
1770:
1087:
277:
262:
1267:
971:
Tigers of the world: the biology, biopolitics, management, and conservation of an endangered species
2167:
2118:
2039:
1889:
1719:
1304:"Valmiki Tiger Reserve conducts training workshop on wildlife monitoring using wireless technology"
250:
232:
207:
2006:
1785:
1617:
1578:
841:
821:
816:
710:
661:
621:
471:
363:
339:
302:
202:
119:
1275:
National Tiger
Conservation Authority, Wildlife Institute of India, Zoological Society of London
2172:
2067:
1935:
1930:
1884:
1874:
1765:
1655:
831:
767:
649:
encompassed an area of 33,000 km (13,000 sq mi). As of March 2024, there are 55
514:
422:
217:
187:
1453:
966:
933:
2090:
1978:
1879:
1803:
1742:
1696:
757:
543:
504:
442:
418:
320:
182:
96:
2095:
2062:
1851:
1660:
1627:
631:
Tiger reserves consist of a core area which includes part(s) of protected areas such as a
8:
1912:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1760:
1632:
1622:
1268:""MSTrIPES": Monitoring System for Tigers – Intensive Protection & Ecological Status"
701:
613:
115:
141:
2113:
1780:
907:
636:
104:
1097:. Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India. 28 March 2011. p. 9.
1642:
1459:
1061:
1011:
974:
798:
509:
151:
133:
836:
737:
519:
344:
846:
686:
1479:
1818:
1670:
774:
650:
163:
158:
1155:
878:
781:
have been developed within the tiger reserves to assist in patrol activities.
118:. As of March 2024, there are 55 protected areas that have been designated as
2151:
2054:
797:, construction and irregularities in administration of certain reserves. The
794:
753:
749:
745:
733:
632:
39:
1706:
1589:
706:
617:
1547:
2105:
2082:
716:
Project Tiger is headed by an additional director general (ADG) based at
670:
1988:
741:
2026:
1950:
1752:
1734:
1364:
1241:
778:
721:
717:
1122:
790:
771:
725:
1216:"Project Tiger: Everything You Need to Know About This Initiative"
1156:
Qureshi, Q.; Jhala, Y. V.; Yadav, S. P. & Mallick, A. (2023).
1008:
Riding the Tiger. Tiger
Conservation in human-dominated landscapes
2034:
1958:
1904:
1030:
1922:
1795:
729:
624:
for sustaining tiger populations. As per the section 38 of the
457:
1688:
1609:
456:
107:
100:
1010:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 296–306.
967:"Project Tiger: The reserves, the tigers, and their future"
674:
1360:"Highway threatens tiger territory in Arunachal Pradesh"
1542:
84:
1392:"Namdapha National Park facing rampant deforestation"
1158:
Status of tigers, co-predators and prey in India 2022
1125:
Status of tigers, co-predators and prey in India 2018
1123:
Jhala, Y. V.; Qureshi, Q. & Nayak, A. K. (2020).
1037:
Status of the Tigers, Co-predators, and Prey in India
462:
27:
Tiger conservation programme in India (1973-present)
610:Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
112:Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
1330:"Rajasthan's Sariska may become tiger-less again"
910:(Report). National Tiger Conservation Authority.
827:Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education
2149:
696:
1190:"2967 – What the new global Tiger number means"
477:World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA)
409:Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding
1563:
964:
653:that have been designated as tiger reserves.
589:
1508:Tiger Conservation: A Disaster in the Making
1420:
1062:"India's tiger population sees 33% increase"
620:and its habitats and to establish dedicated
1577:
616:. The project was initiated to protect the
608:Project Tiger was initiated in 1973 by the
110:. The project was initiated in 1973 by the
1570:
1556:
1005:
596:
582:
38:
1244:. National Tiger Conservation Authority.
926:
902:
900:
881:. National Tiger Conservation Authority.
812:List of Indian states by tiger population
125:
1451:
789:Project Tiger's efforts are hampered by
700:
660:
969:. In Tilson, R. L.; Sel, U. S. (eds.).
14:
2150:
1196:from the original on 27 September 2019
1182:
1149:
1034:; Gopal, R. & Qureshi, Q. (2008).
897:
1595:National Tiger Conservation Authority
1551:
1482:(Report). Government of India. 2005.
1340:from the original on 21 November 2020
642:National Tiger Conservation Authority
75:National Tiger Conservation Authority
50:Tiger conservation programme overview
1452:Strahorn, Eric A. (1 January 2009).
1402:from the original on 1 December 2020
1137:from the original on 28 October 2021
873:
871:
869:
867:
467:South Asian Zoo Association (SAZARC)
1506:"Campaign for Survival and Dignity
946:from the original on 2 October 2013
679:Ministry of Environment and Forests
656:
399:Ministry of Environment and Forests
273:Conservation and community reserves
24:
1486:from the original on 27 March 2009
1284:from the original on 6 August 2020
1277:. India Environment Portal. 2010.
1222:from the original on 22 March 2023
1080:
1068:from the original on 1 August 2019
987:from the original on 31 March 2024
914:from the original on 18 March 2024
665:State wise tiger population (2018)
25:
2189:
1536:
1248:from the original on 5 April 2024
1104:from the original on 12 June 2011
885:from the original on 5 April 2024
864:
2132:
2131:
1433:from the original on 4 July 2019
1421:Buncombe, A. (31 October 2007).
1372:from the original on 7 June 2020
626:Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972
482:World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)
140:
1498:
1472:
1445:
1414:
1384:
1352:
1322:
1296:
1260:
1234:
1208:
1170:from the original on 5 May 2024
404:National Biodiversity Authority
2158:Wildlife conservation in India
1543:Project Tiger official website
1423:"The face of a doomed species"
1116:
1054:
1024:
999:
958:
852:International Big Cat Alliance
428:Institute of Forest Management
298:Reserved and protected forests
66:India Leads Tiger Conservation
13:
1:
857:
784:
697:Management and administration
438:Tiger Conservation Authority
414:Council of Forestry Research
374:Wildlife Protection Act 2002
369:Wildlife Protection Act 1972
44:Banner logo of Project Tiger
7:
1458:. Peter Lang. p. 118.
1095:Public Information Brochure
805:
10:
2194:
1776:Biligiri Rangaswamy Temple
2127:
2104:
2081:
2053:
2025:
1987:
1949:
1921:
1903:
1865:
1817:
1794:
1751:
1733:
1705:
1687:
1669:
1641:
1608:
1585:
1242:"About us, Project Tiger"
1088:"Tiger Estimate in India"
720:with regional offices at
80:
70:
62:
54:
49:
37:
2017:Srivilliputhur-Megamalai
693:and Global Tiger Forum.
2163:Tiger reserves of India
2045:Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam
1679:Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam
1579:Tiger reserves of India
1480:Tiger Task Force Report
939:. Government of India.
822:Tiger poaching in India
817:Tiger reserves of India
711:Mudumalai tiger reserve
673:and sign surveys using
472:World Animal Protection
288:Private protected areas
965:Panwar, H. S. (1987).
768:Wireless communication
713:
666:
364:Indian Forest Act 1927
126:History and objectives
99:movement initiated in
2178:Conservation projects
2002:Kalakkad-Mundanthurai
704:
664:
419:Indian Forest Service
97:wildlife conservation
1857:Veerangana Durgavati
1368:. 24 February 2020.
1218:. 27 February 2020.
500:Environmental issues
308:Wildlife sanctuaries
85:https://ntca.gov.in/
1514:Forestrightsact.com
1310:. 19 September 2014
832:Save China's Tigers
614:Government of India
551:Wildlife population
116:Government of India
34:
779:monitoring systems
714:
667:
637:wildlife sanctuary
544:Zoological gardens
433:Wildlife Institute
357:Acts of Parliament
268:Conservation areas
258:Biosphere reserves
198:Endangered animals
32:
2145:
2144:
1969:Ramgarh Vishdhari
1643:Arunachal Pradesh
1465:978-1-433-10580-7
1398:. 12 March 2020.
980:978-0-815-51133-5
799:Forest Rights Act
606:
605:
534:Botanical gardens
278:Elephant reserves
134:Wildlife of India
90:
89:
71:Parent department
16:(Redirected from
2185:
2135:
2134:
1572:
1565:
1558:
1549:
1548:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1516:. Archived from
1502:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1476:
1470:
1469:
1449:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1418:
1412:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1388:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1345:
1336:. 13 June 2019.
1326:
1320:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1300:
1294:
1293:
1291:
1289:
1283:
1272:
1264:
1258:
1257:
1255:
1253:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1212:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1186:
1180:
1179:
1177:
1175:
1169:
1162:
1153:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1136:
1129:
1120:
1114:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1103:
1092:
1084:
1078:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1058:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1042:
1028:
1022:
1021:
1003:
997:
996:
994:
992:
962:
956:
955:
953:
951:
945:
938:
930:
924:
923:
921:
919:
904:
895:
894:
892:
890:
875:
837:Project Elephant
657:Tiger population
598:
591:
584:
263:Communal forests
144:
130:
129:
42:
35:
31:
21:
2193:
2192:
2188:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2183:
2182:
2168:Tigers in India
2148:
2147:
2146:
2141:
2123:
2100:
2077:
2049:
2021:
1983:
1959:Dholpur-Karauli
1945:
1917:
1899:
1861:
1813:
1790:
1747:
1729:
1701:
1683:
1665:
1637:
1604:
1581:
1576:
1539:
1534:
1533:
1523:
1521:
1520:on 11 July 2011
1504:
1503:
1499:
1489:
1487:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1466:
1450:
1446:
1436:
1434:
1427:The Independent
1419:
1415:
1405:
1403:
1390:
1389:
1385:
1375:
1373:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1343:
1341:
1328:
1327:
1323:
1313:
1311:
1302:
1301:
1297:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1270:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1251:
1249:
1240:
1239:
1235:
1225:
1223:
1214:
1213:
1209:
1199:
1197:
1188:
1187:
1183:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1160:
1154:
1150:
1140:
1138:
1134:
1127:
1121:
1117:
1107:
1105:
1101:
1090:
1086:
1085:
1081:
1071:
1069:
1060:
1059:
1055:
1050:on 2 June 2013.
1047:
1040:
1029:
1025:
1018:
1004:
1000:
990:
988:
981:
963:
959:
949:
947:
943:
936:
934:"Project Tiger"
932:
931:
927:
917:
915:
906:
905:
898:
888:
886:
879:"Project Tiger"
877:
876:
865:
860:
847:Project Cheetah
842:Project Dolphin
808:
787:
775:thermal cameras
699:
691:World Wide Fund
687:tigers in India
659:
651:protected areas
602:
573:
572:
515:Natural history
495:
487:
486:
387:
379:
378:
323:
313:
312:
253:
251:Protected areas
243:
242:
154:
128:
103:to protect the
45:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2191:
2181:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2143:
2142:
2140:
2139:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2122:
2121:
2116:
2110:
2108:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2098:
2093:
2087:
2085:
2079:
2078:
2076:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2059:
2057:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2031:
2029:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2019:
2014:
2012:Sathyamangalam
2009:
2004:
1999:
1993:
1991:
1985:
1984:
1982:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1955:
1953:
1947:
1946:
1944:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1927:
1925:
1919:
1918:
1916:
1915:
1909:
1907:
1901:
1900:
1898:
1897:
1895:Tadoba-Andhari
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1871:
1869:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1823:
1821:
1819:Madhya Pradesh
1815:
1814:
1812:
1811:
1806:
1800:
1798:
1792:
1791:
1789:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1757:
1755:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1745:
1739:
1737:
1731:
1730:
1728:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1711:
1709:
1703:
1702:
1700:
1699:
1693:
1691:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1681:
1675:
1673:
1671:Andhra Pradesh
1667:
1666:
1664:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1647:
1645:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1614:
1612:
1606:
1605:
1603:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1575:
1574:
1567:
1560:
1552:
1546:
1545:
1538:
1537:External links
1535:
1532:
1531:
1497:
1471:
1464:
1444:
1413:
1383:
1351:
1321:
1295:
1259:
1233:
1207:
1181:
1148:
1115:
1079:
1053:
1023:
1016:
998:
979:
957:
925:
908:Tiger reserves
896:
862:
861:
859:
856:
855:
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
807:
804:
786:
783:
734:Shivalik-Terai
698:
695:
685:population of
658:
655:
622:tiger reserves
604:
603:
601:
600:
593:
586:
578:
575:
574:
571:
570:
565:
560:
554:
553:
547:
546:
541:
536:
530:
529:
523:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
496:
494:Related topics
493:
492:
489:
488:
485:
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474:
469:
464:
459:
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446:
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430:
425:
416:
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406:
401:
395:
394:
388:
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384:
381:
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377:
376:
371:
366:
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353:
352:
347:
342:
337:
331:
330:
324:
319:
318:
315:
314:
311:
310:
305:
303:Tiger reserves
300:
295:
290:
285:
283:National parks
280:
275:
270:
265:
260:
254:
249:
248:
245:
244:
241:
240:
235:
230:
225:
220:
215:
210:
205:
200:
195:
190:
185:
180:
174:
173:
167:
166:
161:
155:
150:
149:
146:
145:
137:
136:
127:
124:
120:tiger reserves
88:
87:
82:
78:
77:
72:
68:
67:
64:
60:
59:
56:
52:
51:
47:
46:
43:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2190:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2173:1973 in India
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2138:
2130:
2129:
2126:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2103:
2097:
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33:Project Tiger
30:
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18:Tiger Reserve
1852:Sanjay-Dubri
1832:Bori-Satpura
1809:Parambikulam
1707:Chhattisgarh
1599:
1590:Bengal Tiger
1522:. Retrieved
1518:the original
1513:
1507:
1500:
1488:. Retrieved
1474:
1454:
1447:
1435:. Retrieved
1426:
1416:
1404:. Retrieved
1395:
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1374:. Retrieved
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1333:
1324:
1312:. Retrieved
1307:
1298:
1286:. Retrieved
1274:
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1250:. Retrieved
1236:
1224:. Retrieved
1210:
1198:. Retrieved
1184:
1172:. Retrieved
1151:
1141:17 September
1139:. Retrieved
1118:
1106:. Retrieved
1094:
1082:
1070:. Retrieved
1056:
1045:the original
1036:
1032:Jhala, Y. V.
1026:
1007:
1001:
989:. Retrieved
970:
960:
948:. Retrieved
928:
916:. Retrieved
887:. Retrieved
788:
766:
762:
715:
707:Bengal tiger
683:
668:
647:
630:
618:Bengal Tiger
607:
550:
526:
505:Fossil parks
449:
421: /
391:
356:
349:
327:
321:Conservation
293:Ramsar Sites
170:
152:Biodiversity
92:
91:
58:1 April 1973
29:
2106:West Bengal
2083:Uttarakhand
1974:Ranthambore
1867:Maharashtra
1827:Bandhavgarh
1288:8 September
991:19 November
671:camera trap
193:Butterflies
2152:Categories
2119:Sunderbans
1989:Tamil Nadu
1890:Shahayadri
1715:Achanakmar
1437:1 December
1406:1 December
1376:1 December
1344:1 December
1314:1 December
1226:1 December
950:22 January
858:References
785:Challenges
742:Sunderbans
738:North East
539:Ecoregions
178:Amphibians
105:endangered
2027:Telangana
2007:Mudumalai
1951:Rajasthan
1786:Nagarhole
1753:Karnataka
1735:Jharkhand
1720:Indravati
1618:Kaziranga
1365:The Hindu
1334:Firstpost
1308:WWF India
770:systems,
722:Bangalore
718:New Delhi
2137:Category
2068:Pilibhit
1997:Anamalai
1964:Mukandra
1941:Sunabeda
1936:Simlipal
1931:Satkosia
1885:Navegaon
1766:Bandipur
1656:Namdapha
1490:27 March
1484:Archived
1431:Archived
1400:Archived
1370:Archived
1338:Archived
1279:Archived
1246:Archived
1220:Archived
1200:11 April
1194:Archived
1174:11 April
1165:Archived
1132:Archived
1099:Archived
1072:11 April
1066:Archived
985:Archived
941:Archived
912:Archived
883:Archived
806:See also
791:poaching
772:infrared
726:Guwahati
568:Wildlife
558:Elephant
510:Forestry
392:National
345:Elephant
328:Projects
228:Reptiles
223:Odonates
213:Molluscs
2091:Corbett
2073:Ranipur
2035:Amrabad
1979:Sariska
1905:Mizoram
1880:Melghat
1804:Periyar
1743:Palamau
1697:Valmiki
1651:Kamlang
1524:11 July
1252:1 April
1108:21 June
918:1 April
889:1 April
758:Sariska
612:of the
520:Tourism
340:Dolphin
335:Cheetah
233:Spiders
208:Mammals
114:of the
81:Website
2096:Rajaji
2063:Dudhwa
1923:Odisha
1796:Kerala
1771:Bhadra
1725:Udanti
1661:Pakhui
1628:Nameri
1462:
1014:
977:
730:Nagpur
423:Survey
55:Formed
2040:Kawal
1913:Dampa
1847:Pench
1842:Panna
1837:Kanha
1689:Bihar
1633:Orang
1623:Manas
1610:Assam
1282:(PDF)
1271:(PDF)
1168:(PDF)
1161:(PDF)
1135:(PDF)
1128:(PDF)
1102:(PDF)
1091:(PDF)
1048:(PDF)
1041:(PDF)
944:(PDF)
937:(PDF)
635:or a
563:Tiger
527:Lists
350:Tiger
218:Moths
188:Birds
171:Lists
164:Flora
159:Fauna
108:tiger
101:India
95:is a
63:Motto
2114:Buxa
1781:Kali
1526:2011
1492:2009
1460:ISBN
1439:2023
1408:2023
1378:2023
1346:2023
1316:2023
1290:2019
1254:2024
1228:2023
1202:2024
1176:2024
1143:2021
1110:2011
1074:2024
1012:ISBN
993:2020
975:ISBN
952:2016
920:2024
891:2024
777:and
756:and
728:and
203:Fish
183:Ants
1875:Bor
760:.
709:in
675:GIS
2154::
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
