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Tegmina do not play a major active, flapping role in flying, though they are aerodynamically significant in insects such as migratory locusts that fly vigorously for long distances. This is probably the main justification for distinguishing between say, the forewings of cockroaches, which are called
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refers to a miscellaneous and arbitrary group of organs in various orders of insects; they certainly are homologous in the sense that they all are derived from insect forewings, but in other senses they are analogous; for example, the evolutionary development of the short elytra of the
Dermaptera
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Tegmina, generally being stiffer than the rear wings, are used as sound boards by many species of insects, especially
Orthoptera; in many locusts they make a crackling noise in flight, and in many crickets, tree crickets, and even mole crickets, the tegmina have undergone marked anatomical
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shared none of the history of the development of tegmina in the
Orthoptera, say. Also, in some other insects fore- and hindwings differ both in texture and their role in flight, but are not universally regarded as tegmina. For example, the
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Probably the major role of tegmina in general is that of protecting the hindwings when folded. In many insects they also are important in camouflage and in displays, especially defensive display, where the tegmina are drab, but cover
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displays that are startling when suddenly uncovered. Sometimes, as in some mantids, the tegmina crossed over the back are not striking, but when suddenly raised, act as a threatening display resembling a pair of eyes.
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It is also a term used in botany to describe the delicate inner protective layer of a seed, and in zoology to describe a stiff membrane on the upper surface of the crown of a
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A male field cricket, with tegmina raised for maximal sound production, "sings" facing into the entrance to his burrow; it serves as a
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Imms' General
Textbook of Entomology: Volume 1: Structure, Physiology and Development Volume 2: Classification and Biology
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tegmina, and the forewings of some
Neuroptera, which though stiffer than the rear wings, are flapped in flight.
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Earwig wing anatomy. One tegmen opened, the other removed to show wing folding mechanism.
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fossil, some 200 million years more recent than the emergence of cockroaches in the
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This article is about an insect's wing. For the inner coat of plant seeds, see
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have been called tegmina by some authorities, but not by most modern authors.
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In vertebrate anatomy it denotes a plate of thin bone forming the roof of the
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Note the camouflage-adapted anatomy of the tegmina of the middle specimen
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Entomologists do not customarily refer to the forewing of a beetle as a
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427:"tegmen | Definition of tegmen in English by Oxford Dictionaries"
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adaptations, often asymmetric, for sound production.
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Biology term, usually refers to a type of insect wing
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31:. For the star system of this name, see
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455:O'Hara, Timothy; Byrne, Maria (2017).
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217:(stick and leaf insects) and
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484:A Dictionary of Entomology
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486:. Wallingford: CABI Pub.
302:Stagmatoptera supplicaria
285:The function of tegmina
205:and similar families),
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243:The nature of tegmina
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437:on November 13, 2018
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144:Left tegmen of male
62:improve this article
363:Snowy tree cricket
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60:Please help
55:verification
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223:cockroaches
215:Phasmatodea
33:Zeta Cancri
441:2018-11-12
385:References
337:"Song" of
311:aposematic
237:middle ear
195:Orthoptera
88:newspapers
377:resonator
266:Hemiptera
262:hemelytra
255:The term
219:Blattodea
29:Seed coat
508:Category
264:of some
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203:crickets
160:Jurassic
77:"Tegmen"
339:Gryllus
230:crinoid
191:earwigs
183:tegmina
102:scholar
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