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from the distance there would be answering fire, sometimes consisting of tracer bullets. In one instance, the newsman related, a report was received on the jeep radio that an Army bus was pinned down by sniper fire at an intersection. National
Guardsmen and police, arriving from various directions, jumped out and began asking each other: "Where's the sniper fire coming from?" As one Guardsman pointed to a building, everyone rushed about, taking cover. A soldier, alighting from a jeep, accidentally pulled the trigger on his rifle. As the shot reverberated through the darkness, an officer yelled: "What's going on?" "I don't know," came the answer. "Sniper, I guess."
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attempted life-saving surgery. Toto was the first police casualty of the riots. After he was shot at from the high-rise, over 200 National Guard soldiers combined with state and city police opened fire on the building where they believed the sniper to be positioned, arresting 25 people in response. Rufus
Council was shot and killed a short time after Toto when he was leaving a steakhouse where he had eaten dinner. Isaac Harrison and Robert Lee Martin were both also killed in the vicinity of Toto's shooting. Toto's death attracted national attention to the riots in the city.
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I remember my mother turning the kitchen table on its side and making the smallest of us get behind it. To hear the noise was deafening, but to watch from the side of the table and see what I would now know as despair on my mother's face as she looked out the window searching for her three oldest children. Watching and praying.
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pain of fire, rocks, and even bullets in an effort to protect the city and her, largely black, citizens. I recall being discomfited by the nightly news, seeing flames and hearing bullets knowing that my dad was in there. In the end, there were many victims and many ways to have been victimized by this very unsettling event.
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A Detroit newspaper reporter who spent a night riding in a command jeep told a
Commission investigator of machine guns being fired accidentally, streetlights being shot out by rifle fire, and buildings being placed under siege on the sketchiest reports of sniping. Troopers would fire, and immediately
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Finally, mention needs to be made of the heroic effort put forth by the fire department during the disturbance. Whatever the underlying social causes and frictions which existed at that time, this bunch of largely white men---mostly the sons of immigrants---performed extraordinary feats and bore the
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I left the south ward---Clinton and s. 20th Street---in 1965, the year I turned nine. Given the current state of the neighborhood (2007), I suppose my parents were prescient in seeing what was coming. Because I lived in the city for my first nine years, and because my dad became a firefighter there
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I was the youngest of seven children. The Newark riots started the day after my fourth birthday. There is something although insignificant to some it was very powerful in my conscientiousness. We lived on the fifth floor in the
Scudder Home Projects which were located not far from Springfield Ave.
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I assumed the information simply wasn't out there, given there is quite a bit of detailing around
Detective Toto's death while 3 others go essentially unremarked. This information is very much available, for whatever reason it just wasn't deemed important enough to include. Overall I think it's fair
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Without any clear authorization or direction, some one opened fire upon the suspected building. A tank rolled up and sprayed the building with .50-caliber tracer bullets. Law enforcement officers rushed into the surrounded building and discovered it empty. "They must be firing one shot and running,"
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A person who had witnessed the arrest of Smith contacted members of the
Congress of Racial Equality, the United Freedom Party, and the Newark Community Union Project for further investigation; they were subsequently granted access to Smith's 4th Precinct holding cell. After seeing the injuries Smith
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With regard to the article, I think it should be noted that the FBI was aware of Tom Hadyn's presence in Newark just prior to the riot's eruption...and that the
Students for a Democratic Society---largely composed of middle class, suburban white kids, were working with militant black groups at that
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I think the page can benefit from more facts being added to the background of this page. I noticed the link to the "White Flight" page, but I think it might be helpful to include a 1-2 sentence description of that here as well. The "Inciting
Incident" Section seems to be a little broad as well when
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At this point, Wright was inside the restaurant and Rufus
Council stood in the doorway looking out onto the street. Wright continued, âI heard several shots which sounded as though they were coming from the car that had just driven up⌠Suddenly Rufus shouted âOw!â and he fell right in the doorway,
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Detective
Frederick Toto was shot while patrolling in the streets of Newark at 7:30 p.m. on July 14. He was patrolling the streets with Patrolman Butross when a sniper fired at them from a high-rise, striking Detective Toto. He was sent to St. Michael's Medical Center where surgeons unsuccessfully
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This is a crucial, and readily available part of the historical record. The section obviously suffers from its omission. As it is, the "Indiscriminate shooting at a building" and "These people in the area were shot and killed" are described as though they're not even connected events, the sniper
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I recently edited this article, albeit under an IP address, removing the statement about marxist revolutionaries. I was left a message saying that this was deconstructive - however, the citation is illegitimate, and the editor who added it has only 2 edits, which although I don't want to assume,
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Due to the legislation of the Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944, white veterans, who had just returned from fighting in World War II, began to emigrate from Newark to the suburbs â a place where they would have access to interstate highways, low-interest mortgages, and college. The outflow
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The section, as written, asserts that "a sniper fired at them"; "he was shot from a high rise"; and "the building they believed the sniper to be ." This last one is the only time the statement has a qualifier like "believed" (and even then, it doesn't necessarily indicate that the
1712:"Of the 27 persons charged with sniping, 22 had charges against them dismissed at preliminary hearings, and the charges against two others were dismissed later. One pleaded guilty to possession of an unregistered gun and was given a suspended sentence. Trials of two are pending."
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Secondly, the writer of this article totally overlooked the impact of the Medical school expansion. The expansion of UMDNJ called for demolition of many properties owned by blacks in the Central Ward. This proposal is a major factor in the tension in the city in that time.
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suburban sprawl of white veterans from Newark was rapidly replaced with an influx of blacks moving into the Central Ward; the blacks, however, faced discrimination in jobs and housing, ultimately making their lives exponentially more likely to fall into a cycle of poverty.
1734:"Wright testified, âAs the car approached, I was able to make out three state troopers inside, two in the front sear and one in the back. The one in the back seat was leaning out the left back window (on my side) and pointing his long gun at people as his car passed by.â
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I believe the PBS documentary shows footage of police officers firing automatic weapons indiscriminately into the open windows of a residential building, after they allegedly heard that there was a sniper "on the roof." If I could track the video down to confirm it...
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time. If this is all true, then the Newark riot of July 1967 was planned...and blood is actually on the hands of the folks who planned it. That blood consists of one cop, one fireman, and the balance, as far as I know, black citizens.
1138:, the mayor, a woman at the time, Patricia Sheehan, went around the city with a bullhorn in an effort to ward off a riot. She succeeded, but New Brunswick was nonetheless reported in newspapers as suffering a "disturbance". â
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First off, this line is in dispute " The police department was dominated by officers who would routinely stop and attack Blacks with or without provocation". A source is needed before that claim can be substantiated.
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certainly aids in the possibility that his edit was in fact vandalism. I have removed the information once again - if someone has an objection to this, please respond via the talk page to avoid an edit war.
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to point out that this is horrendously biased in favor of a widely challenged, poorly supported version of events, rather than seeking to actually describe what has been reported by the involved parties.
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which describe the shootings and their victims in extensive detail with appropriate sourcing. For Rufus Council, who is mentioned as one of the victims in the July 14 section, there is this statement:
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backwards⌠After he fell he never moved. Neither did he say another sound. A few seconds after Rufus fell, I heard the motor of the car roar up, they were gunning the motor, then the car drove away.â"
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in 1965, I have always been drawn to the place despite many years of separation. In the end, Newark is my ancestral homeland in that both sides of my family---now all deceased---come from there.
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claims are taken at face value, the multiple reports of residents and the conclusion of those in the Kerner Commission that fire likely came from Guardsmen and police are not touched on at all.
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I would like to suggest that the title of this article be changed to "Newark Rebellion." If not, could someone please explain what is intended by the word "Riot" in this article? Who rioted?
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occurred at the same time as the Newark riots and were arguably related, maybe they should share a page with each other. There were civil disturbances in several other cities, as well. In
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I made numerous edits to this section. It was poorly written and had many grammatical errors. If I introduced any new errors in my edits, please correct them.
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sustained from the police, they ordered him to be moved to Beth Israel Hospital in Newark, New Jersey, and were granted their request.
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there are plenty of sources that have specific accounts of it. I am suggesting the following facts be incorporated.
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of a sniper was at all under question, which it very much was). The Kerner Commission further states, on page 77:
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As I mentioned, there are resident reports as well. Historian Junius Williams has
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It doesn't appear that any evidence of a "sniper" was found - in fact the
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compiled court documents, witness testimony and interviews on his site
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1674:(also 1967) explicitly brought this into question. From pages 71-72
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Possible Additions to the Background and Inciting Incident
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Police firing indiscriminately into residential buildings
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1039:December 7,
1010:December 7,
288:legal field
41:Start-class
1764:Categories
1748:Zukriuchen
1591:Report bug
1465:Report bug
1130:Since the
1104:, and the
1098:Tom Hayden
983:References
956:Background
845:photograph
515:New Jersey
510:discussion
502:New Jersey
458:New Jersey
376:Law portal
275:Law portal
1705:existence
1574:this tool
1567:this tool
1448:this tool
1441:this tool
1183:Dead link
1158:Vandalism
620:Sociology
611:sociology
567:Sociology
391:. Please
1580:Cheers.â
1454:Cheers.â
1326:JeffGBot
1281:JeffGBot
1236:JeffGBot
1166:Thanks,
1140:Rickyrab
1114:Rickyrab
1053:Untitled
933:PrimeBOT
853:included
1488:my edit
1381:checked
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1004:NPR.org
785:on the
677:History
647:on the
542:on the
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320:on the
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893:Upload
884:Flickr
751:Alerts
401:Assess
399:, and
397:Create
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921:Adp76
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383:scope
1752:talk
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1385:true
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1174:talk
1118:Talk
1041:2017
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874:The
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