1824:
1786:
1766:
1841:
33:
56:
1862:
1803:
1823:
2025:
Krengel F, Herrera
Santoyo J, Olivera Flores TJ, Chávez Ávila VM, Pérez Flores FJ, Reyes Chilpa R (December 2016). "Quantification of Anti-Addictive Alkaloids Ibogaine and Voacangine in
874:
2092:
2039:
1121:
1665:
1542:
723:
1288:
1617:
1360:
1740:
755:
747:
1196:
505:. It has a pan-tropical distribution, found in Asia, Africa, Australia, North America, South America, and a wide assortment of oceanic islands. These plants are
169:
2082:
Krengel F, Chevalier Q, Dickinson J, Herrera
Santoyo J, Reyes Chilpa R (April 2019). "Metabolite Profiling of Anti-Addictive Alkaloids from Four Mexican
1765:
2425:
2451:
2490:
1975:
Kam, Toh-Seok; Pang, Huey-Shen; Choo, Yeun-Mun; Komiyama, Kanki (2004). "Biologically Active Ibogan and
Vallesamine Derivatives from
2373:
2438:
2386:
1840:
1785:
2443:
2197:
2160:
613:
species, those plant could be used in economic production of anti-addictive alkaloids especially ibogaine and ibogamine.
693:
1802:
1385:
2456:
2412:
1748:
1475:
1264:
1093:
2508:
1830:
1593:
1392:
910:
779:
1682:
55:
1641:
1609:
1574:
1467:
1459:
1380:
1328:
1208:
1137:
973:
763:
625:
2562:
2269:
1868:
1724:
1677:
1633:
1625:
1408:
1344:
1232:
1180:
1101:
1025:
866:
795:
2365:
2339:
1946:
2503:
1847:
1793:
1732:
1700:
1688:
1585:
1510:
1443:
1432:
1424:
1400:
1372:
1320:
1312:
1256:
1169:
1085:
1038:
961:
953:
937:
827:
771:
680:
540:
41:
2391:
2250:
1708:
1649:
1502:
1486:
1416:
1248:
1216:
1145:
1069:
1045:
1009:
902:
850:
819:
2557:
1716:
1657:
1566:
1558:
1550:
1352:
1304:
1296:
1272:
1129:
1077:
1001:
981:
926:
894:
886:
787:
731:
597:
524:, 3–25 cm long, with milky sap; hence it is one of the diverse plant genera commonly called "
2495:
2360:
1809:
1601:
1494:
1224:
1153:
1109:
1061:
989:
945:
811:
615:
591:
2155:
2482:
2352:
2334:
2212:
1534:
1518:
1336:
1280:
1188:
1161:
1053:
1033:
1017:
858:
712:- both the Latin and the German forms of the town's name meaning "tavern(s) in the mountains".
2430:
1861:
2477:
1451:
1240:
1174:
918:
803:
2469:
2295:
739:
585:
8:
32:
2326:
2567:
2529:
2347:
2117:
2064:
2004:
1882:
638:
199:
50:
1925:
2464:
2282:
2186:(2006): Plants with possible psychoactive effects used by the Krahô Indians, Brazil.
2109:
2056:
1996:
671:
159:
2121:
2068:
2008:
2534:
2128:
2101:
2048:
1988:
1437:
521:
499:
2287:
2261:
2274:
2201:
1579:
495:
186:
93:
2024:
2194:
1834:: dehiscence of paired, ripe fruits, revealing black seeds in deep orange pulp.
1772:
832:
701:
646:
149:
80:
2551:
2235:
1527:
1114:
931:
667:
568:
420:
Dennst. 1818, illegitimate homonym, not Roth 1787 nor Roth 1800 nor Roth 1821
190:
2521:
2132:
2113:
2105:
2060:
2052:
2000:
1992:
675:
633:
in the elderly. Conolidine may be developed as a new class of pain killer.
602:
2399:
2244:
1852:
634:
619:
preparations are used in native medicine to treat eye injuries and as an
502:
139:
129:
2081:
2378:
1893:
844:
709:
620:
606:
576:
549:
2404:
1480:
2321:
2308:
1814:
560:
506:
2206:
2516:
2229:
1898:
1523:
994:
836:
630:
564:
536:
119:
106:
2313:
1693:
1201:
966:
840:
2417:
879:
559:
are used as additives to some versions of the psychedelic drink
1670:
1365:
529:
2300:
545:
509:
491:
67:
517:
513:
783:- S Mexico, Central America, Cuba, Haiti, NW South America
692:
The genus name commemorates the "father of German botany"
1926:"WCSP (2013). World Checklist of Selected Plant Families"
1436:- S China, SE Asia, N Australia, Papuasia, Micronesia,
1974:
1324:- Thailand, Malaysia, Philippines, Borneo, Sumatra
743:- Central America, Mexico, Florida, Cuba, Colombia
2549:
1928:. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
2020:
2018:
823:- Trinidad, Venezuela, Suriname, French Guiana
532:are fragrant, white, 1–5 cm in diameter.
1471:- Nigeria to Democratic Republic of the Congo
696:, a.k.a. Jacobus Theodorus Tabernaemontanus,
2178:In: Ayahuasca Analogues: Pangaean Entheogens
2075:
2015:
1165:- Mexico, Central America, NW South America
2156:"Scientists create new type of painkiller"
31:
1736:- Nigeria to South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal)
1212:- SE Central America, N + C South America
700:being a compressed form of the original
2550:
977:- SE Central America, NW South America
2211:
2210:
2184:Rodrigues, Eliana & Carlini, E.A.
1184:- SE Central America, N South America
2161:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
1920:
1918:
1916:
1720:- Costa Rica to Fr Guiana + Bolivia
579:(present in minor concentration in
13:
2086:and the Entheogenic African Shrub
14:
2579:
2188:Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria
1089:- S China, Himalayas, N Indochina
708:) of the botanist's home town of
645:) have been found to feed on the
2509:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328993-2
1955:Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 210. 1753.
1947:Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 152
1913:
1860:
1839:
1822:
1801:
1784:
1764:
1386:Democratic Republic of the Congo
890:- S China, Indochina, W Malaysia
563:; the genus is known to contain
54:
1749:Tabernaemontana wullschlaegelii
1490:- N Brazil, Suriname, Fr Guinea
1476:Tabernaemontana persicariifolia
1292:- S Mexico, C America, Colombia
1265:Tabernaemontana leeuwenbergiana
1094:Tabernaemontana donnell-smithii
815:- S Mexico, C America, Colombia
2148:
2145:Rodrigues & Carlini (2006)
2139:
1968:
1959:
1940:
1276:- Republic of the Congo, Gabon
1125:- S Mexico, NE Central America
1:
1906:
1831:Tabernaemontana catharinensis
1594:Tabernaemontana sambiranensis
1393:Tabernaemontana oppositifolia
922:- Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname
911:Tabernaemontana catharinensis
780:Tabernaemontana amygdalifolia
2093:Chemistry & Biodiversity
2040:Chemistry & Biodiversity
2033:Grown Plants of Two Mexican
1981:Chemistry & Biodiversity
1642:Tabernaemontana sphaerocarpa
1610:Tabernaemontana sessilifolia
1575:Tabernaemontana salomonensis
1468:Tabernaemontana penduliflora
1460:Tabernaemontana peduncularis
1381:Tabernaemontana odoratissima
1329:Tabernaemontana markgrafiana
1308:- N Brazil, Guyana, Suriname
1300:- SE C America, NW S America
1209:Tabernaemontana heterophylla
1138:Tabernaemontana eusepaloides
974:Tabernaemontana columbiensis
875:Tabernaemontana brasiliensis
764:Tabernaemontana alternifolia
694:Jakob Theodor von Bergzabern
516:growing to 1–15 m tall. The
7:
1876:
1725:Tabernaemontana vanheurckii
1678:Tabernaemontana stenosiphon
1634:Tabernaemontana solanifolia
1626:Tabernaemontana siphilitica
1554:- Bangladesh to Philippines
1546:- Colombia, Central America
1428:- Panama, Colombia, Ecuador
1412:- tropical C + E + S Africa
1409:Tabernaemontana pachysiphon
1345:Tabernaemontana mocquerysii
1252:- Fr Guinea, N Brazil, Peru
1233:Tabernaemontana inconspicua
1181:Tabernaemontana grandiflora
1122:Tabernaemontana eubracteata
1113:- Somalia to South Africa (
1102:Tabernaemontana eglandulosa
1026:Tabernaemontana crassifolia
867:Tabernaemontana brachyantha
796:Tabernaemontana antheonycta
666:The genus was described by
656:
10:
2584:
1977:Tabernaemontana divaricata
1757:
1733:Tabernaemontana ventricosa
1701:Tabernaemontana thurstonii
1689:Tabernaemontana ternifolia
1666:Tabernaemontana stenoptera
1586:Tabernaemontana salzmannii
1543:Tabernaemontana robinsonii
1511:Tabernaemontana psorocarpa
1444:Tabernaemontana pauciflora
1433:Tabernaemontana pandacaqui
1425:Tabernaemontana panamensis
1401:Tabernaemontana ovalifolia
1388:, Rwanda, Uganda, Tanzania
1373:Tabernaemontana ochroleuca
1332:- Panama, NW South America
1321:Tabernaemontana macrocarpa
1313:Tabernaemontana macrocalyx
1257:Tabernaemontana laurifolia
1170:Tabernaemontana glandulosa
1086:Tabernaemontana divaricata
962:Tabernaemontana coffeoides
954:Tabernaemontana citrifolia
938:Tabernaemontana chocoensis
828:Tabernaemontana aurantiaca
772:Tabernaemontana amplifolia
724:Tabernaemontana abbreviata
601:). Because of presence of
555:Some members of the genus
544:cv. 'Plena', with doubled-
42:Tabernaemontana divaricata
2219:
1817:) : undehisced fruit
1709:Tabernaemontana tomentosa
1650:Tabernaemontana stapfiana
1503:Tabernaemontana polyneura
1487:Tabernaemontana peschiera
1417:Tabernaemontana palustris
1289:Tabernaemontana litoralis
1249:Tabernaemontana lagenaria
1217:Tabernaemontana humblotii
1146:Tabernaemontana flavicans
1097:- Mexico, Central America
1070:Tabernaemontana dichotoma
1046:Tabernaemontana cuspidata
1010:Tabernaemontana corymbosa
1005:- W Brazil, Peru, Bolivia
903:Tabernaemontana capuronii
851:Tabernaemontana bouquetii
820:Tabernaemontana attenuata
205:
198:
51:Scientific classification
49:
39:
30:
23:
1717:Tabernaemontana undulata
1658:Tabernaemontana stellata
1618:Tabernaemontana simulans
1567:Tabernaemontana rupicola
1559:Tabernaemontana rotensis
1551:Tabernaemontana rostrata
1361:Tabernaemontana oaxacana
1353:Tabernaemontana muricata
1305:Tabernaemontana lorifera
1297:Tabernaemontana longipes
1273:Tabernaemontana letestui
1130:Tabernaemontana eusepala
1078:Tabernaemontana disticha
1002:Tabernaemontana coriacea
982:Tabernaemontana contorta
927:Tabernaemontana cerifera
895:Tabernaemontana calcarea
887:Tabernaemontana bufalina
788:Tabernaemontana angulata
732:Tabernaemontana africana
674:1: 210–211 in 1753. The
2084:Tabernaemontana Species
1741:Tabernaemontana venusta
1602:Tabernaemontana sananho
1495:Tabernaemontana phymata
1463:- Indochina, W Malaysia
1225:Tabernaemontana hystrix
1154:Tabernaemontana gamblei
1110:Tabernaemontana elegans
1062:Tabernaemontana debrayi
990:Tabernaemontana cordata
946:Tabernaemontana ciliata
862:- S China, N Indochina
812:Tabernaemontana arborea
756:Tabernaemontana allenii
748:Tabernaemontana alfaroi
2133:10.1002/cbdv.201900316
2106:10.1002/cbdv.201800506
2053:10.1002/cbdv.201600146
1993:10.1002/cbdv.200490056
1535:Tabernaemontana retusa
1519:Tabernaemontana remota
1337:Tabernaemontana maxima
1281:Tabernaemontana linkii
1197:Tabernaemontana hannae
1189:Tabernaemontana hallei
1162:Tabernaemontana glabra
1054:Tabernaemontana cymosa
1034:Tabernaemontana cumata
1018:Tabernaemontana crassa
859:Tabernaemontana bovina
548:flowers, is a popular
2478:Paleobiology Database
1683:São Tomé and Príncipe
1653:- Burundi to Zimbabwe
1452:Tabernaemontana pauli
1284:- N + W South America
1260:- Cayman Is., Jamaica
1241:Tabernaemontana laeta
1175:Republic of the Congo
919:Tabernaemontana cerea
804:Tabernaemontana apoda
1621:- Panama, Costa Rica
1236:- Cameroon to Angola
751:- Costa Rica, Panama
740:Tabernaemontana alba
1887:Compounds found in
1356:- Brazil (Amazonas)
775:- Colombia, Ecuador
583:) and voacangine (
452:(Müll.Arg.) Markgr.
2563:Apocynaceae genera
2200:2020-08-01 at the
1883:Psychedelic plants
1728:- NW South America
1629:- N South America.
1420:- NW South America
1340:- NW South America
1149:- NW South America
1049:- NW South America
1013:- S China, SE Asia
639:oleander hawk-moth
364:Noronha ex Thouars
170:Tabernaemontaninae
2545:
2544:
2465:Open Tree of Life
2213:Taxon identifiers
2088:Tabernanthe iboga
2047:(12): 1730–1737.
1744:- Mexico (Oaxaca)
1605:- N South America
1570:- N South America
1316:- N South America
1192:- Gabon, Cameroon
1105:- Benin to Angola
1081:- N South America
1057:- N South America
914:- S South America
735:- tropical Africa
706:Tabernae Montanus
672:Species Plantarum
670:and published in
629:is used to treat
483:
482:
477:
469:
461:
453:
445:
437:
429:
421:
413:
405:
397:
389:
381:
373:
365:
357:
349:
341:
333:
325:
317:
309:
301:
293:
285:
277:
269:
261:
253:
245:
237:
229:
221:
213:
194:
160:Tabernaemontaneae
2575:
2538:
2537:
2525:
2524:
2512:
2511:
2499:
2498:
2486:
2485:
2473:
2472:
2460:
2459:
2447:
2446:
2434:
2433:
2421:
2420:
2408:
2407:
2395:
2394:
2382:
2381:
2369:
2368:
2356:
2355:
2343:
2342:
2330:
2329:
2317:
2316:
2304:
2303:
2291:
2290:
2278:
2277:
2265:
2264:
2255:
2254:
2253:
2240:
2239:
2238:
2208:
2207:
2185:
2175:
2166:
2165:
2152:
2146:
2143:
2137:
2136:
2125:
2090:(Apocynaceae)".
2079:
2073:
2072:
2022:
2013:
2012:
1972:
1966:
1963:
1957:
1944:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1922:
1864:
1843:
1826:
1805:
1788:
1768:
1645:- Java to Maluku
1438:French Polynesia
698:Tabernaemontanus
496:flowering plants
475:
467:
459:
451:
443:
435:
427:
419:
411:
403:
395:
387:
379:
371:
363:
355:
347:
339:
331:
323:
315:
307:
299:
291:
283:
275:
267:
259:
251:
243:
236:(Pichon) Boiteau
235:
227:
219:
211:
185:
59:
58:
35:
21:
20:
2583:
2582:
2578:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2573:
2572:
2558:Tabernaemontana
2548:
2547:
2546:
2541:
2533:
2528:
2520:
2515:
2507:
2502:
2494:
2489:
2481:
2476:
2468:
2463:
2455:
2450:
2442:
2437:
2429:
2424:
2416:
2411:
2403:
2398:
2390:
2385:
2377:
2372:
2364:
2359:
2353:Tabernaemontana
2351:
2346:
2338:
2333:
2325:
2320:
2312:
2307:
2299:
2294:
2286:
2281:
2273:
2268:
2260:
2258:
2251:Tabernaemontana
2249:
2248:
2243:
2234:
2233:
2228:
2221:Tabernaemontana
2215:
2202:Wayback Machine
2183:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2154:
2153:
2149:
2144:
2140:
2127:(Erratum:
2126:
2100:(4): e1800506.
2080:
2076:
2035:Tabernaemontana
2023:
2016:
1973:
1969:
1964:
1960:
1953:Tabernaemontana
1951:gou ya hua shu
1950:
1945:
1941:
1931:
1929:
1924:
1923:
1914:
1909:
1889:Tabernaemontana
1879:
1872:
1865:
1856:
1844:
1835:
1827:
1818:
1806:
1797:
1789:
1780:
1769:
1760:
1755:
1692:- Philippines (
1580:Solomon Islands
1141:- NE Madagascar
1133:- NE Madagascar
993:- Philippines (
659:
626:T. heterophylla
611:Tabernaemontana
557:Tabernaemontana
487:Tabernaemontana
436:(Stapf) Boiteau
308:(Stapf) Boiteau
184:
181:Tabernaemontana
53:
25:Tabernaemontana
17:
16:Genus of plants
12:
11:
5:
2581:
2571:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2539:
2535:wfo-4000037395
2526:
2513:
2500:
2487:
2474:
2461:
2448:
2435:
2422:
2409:
2396:
2383:
2370:
2357:
2344:
2331:
2318:
2305:
2292:
2279:
2266:
2256:
2241:
2225:
2223:
2217:
2216:
2205:
2204:
2193:(4): 277–282.
2181:
2168:
2167:
2164:. 23 May 2011.
2147:
2138:
2074:
2014:
1987:(4): 646–656.
1967:
1958:
1948:
1939:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1902:
1901:
1896:
1885:
1878:
1875:
1874:
1873:
1869:T. pachysiphon
1866:
1859:
1857:
1845:
1838:
1836:
1828:
1821:
1819:
1807:
1800:
1798:
1790:
1783:
1781:
1773:pinwheelflower
1770:
1763:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1753:
1745:
1737:
1729:
1721:
1713:
1705:
1697:
1685:
1674:
1662:
1654:
1646:
1638:
1630:
1622:
1614:
1606:
1598:
1597:- N Madagascar
1590:
1582:
1571:
1563:
1555:
1547:
1539:
1531:
1515:
1507:
1499:
1498:- N Madagascar
1491:
1483:
1472:
1464:
1456:
1448:
1440:
1429:
1421:
1413:
1405:
1397:
1389:
1377:
1369:
1357:
1349:
1341:
1333:
1325:
1317:
1309:
1301:
1293:
1285:
1277:
1269:
1261:
1253:
1245:
1237:
1229:
1221:
1213:
1205:
1193:
1185:
1177:
1166:
1158:
1150:
1142:
1134:
1126:
1118:
1106:
1098:
1090:
1082:
1074:
1066:
1065:- N Madagascar
1058:
1050:
1042:
1030:
1029:- N Madagascar
1022:
1021:- W + C Africa
1014:
1006:
998:
986:
978:
970:
965:- Seychelles,
958:
950:
949:- N Madagascar
942:
934:
923:
915:
907:
899:
891:
883:
871:
863:
855:
854:- Congo, Gabon
847:
824:
816:
808:
800:
792:
784:
776:
768:
760:
752:
744:
736:
728:
719:
718:
717:
702:Medieval Latin
690:
689:
664:
663:
658:
655:
647:pinwheelflower
481:
480:
479:
478:
470:
462:
454:
446:
438:
433:Sarcopharyngia
430:
422:
414:
406:
398:
390:
382:
374:
366:
358:
350:
342:
334:
326:
318:
310:
305:Leptopharyngia
302:
294:
286:
278:
270:
262:
254:
246:
238:
230:
222:
214:
203:
202:
196:
195:
177:
173:
172:
167:
163:
162:
157:
153:
152:
150:Rauvolfioideae
147:
143:
142:
137:
133:
132:
127:
123:
122:
117:
110:
109:
104:
97:
96:
91:
84:
83:
78:
71:
70:
65:
61:
60:
47:
46:
45:'Flore Pleno'
37:
36:
28:
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2174:Ott, Jonathan
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2019:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1971:
1962:
1956:
1954:
1943:
1927:
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1886:
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1871:
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1863:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1849:
1848:T. pandacaqui
1842:
1837:
1833:
1832:
1825:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1811:
1804:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1794:T. divaricata
1787:
1782:
1779:) cv. 'Plena'
1778:
1777:T. divaricata
1774:
1767:
1762:
1761:
1751:
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1552:
1548:
1545:
1544:
1540:
1537:
1536:
1532:
1529:
1528:Rossel Island
1525:
1522:- Indonesia (
1521:
1520:
1516:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1505:
1504:
1500:
1497:
1496:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1484:
1482:
1479:- Mauritius,
1478:
1477:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1465:
1462:
1461:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1449:
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1427:
1426:
1422:
1419:
1418:
1414:
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1410:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1396:- Puerto Rico
1395:
1394:
1390:
1387:
1383:
1382:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1370:
1367:
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1234:
1230:
1227:
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1222:
1219:
1218:
1214:
1211:
1210:
1206:
1204:), Costa Rica
1203:
1199:
1198:
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1191:
1190:
1186:
1183:
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1178:
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1143:
1140:
1139:
1135:
1132:
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1127:
1124:
1123:
1119:
1116:
1115:KwaZulu-Natal
1112:
1111:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1091:
1088:
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1083:
1080:
1079:
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992:
991:
987:
984:
983:
979:
976:
975:
971:
968:
964:
963:
959:
957:- West Indies
956:
955:
951:
948:
947:
943:
940:
939:
935:
933:
932:New Caledonia
929:
928:
924:
921:
920:
916:
913:
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908:
905:
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714:
713:
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707:
703:
699:
695:
687:
686:
685:
683:
682:
681:T. citrifolia
677:
673:
669:
668:Carl Linnaeus
661:
660:
654:
652:
651:T. divaricata
648:
644:
643:Daphnis nerii
640:
636:
632:
628:
627:
622:
618:
617:
612:
608:
604:
600:
599:
594:
593:
588:
587:
582:
581:T. divaricata
578:
574:
570:
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562:
558:
553:
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547:
543:
542:
541:T. divaricata
538:
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489:
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439:
434:
431:
426:
423:
418:
415:
410:
407:
402:
399:
394:
391:
386:
385:Phrissocarpus
383:
378:
375:
370:
367:
362:
359:
354:
351:
346:
343:
338:
335:
330:
327:
322:
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311:
306:
303:
298:
295:
290:
287:
284:(A.DC.) Stapf
282:
279:
274:
271:
266:
265:Conopharyngia
263:
258:
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250:
247:
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118:
115:
112:
111:
108:
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102:
99:
98:
95:
92:
89:
86:
85:
82:
81:Tracheophytes
79:
76:
73:
72:
69:
66:
63:
62:
57:
52:
48:
44:
43:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
2220:
2195:PDF fulltext
2190:
2187:
2177:
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2150:
2141:
2097:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2077:
2044:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2026:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1970:
1961:
1952:
1942:
1930:. Retrieved
1888:
1867:
1846:
1829:
1808:
1792:
1776:
1747:
1739:
1731:
1723:
1715:
1707:
1699:
1687:
1676:
1664:
1661:- Madagascar
1656:
1648:
1640:
1632:
1624:
1616:
1613:- Madagascar
1608:
1600:
1592:
1584:
1573:
1565:
1562:- Guam, Rota
1557:
1549:
1541:
1538:- Madagascar
1533:
1517:
1509:
1506:- W Malaysia
1501:
1493:
1485:
1474:
1466:
1458:
1455:- Costa Rica
1450:
1442:
1431:
1423:
1415:
1407:
1399:
1391:
1379:
1371:
1359:
1351:
1348:- Madagascar
1343:
1335:
1327:
1319:
1311:
1303:
1295:
1287:
1279:
1271:
1263:
1255:
1247:
1239:
1231:
1223:
1220:- Madagascar
1215:
1207:
1195:
1187:
1179:
1173:- Guinea to
1168:
1160:
1152:
1144:
1136:
1128:
1120:
1108:
1100:
1092:
1084:
1076:
1068:
1060:
1052:
1044:
1032:
1024:
1016:
1008:
1000:
988:
980:
972:
969:, Madagascar
960:
952:
944:
936:
925:
917:
909:
906:- Madagascar
901:
898:- Madagascar
893:
885:
873:
865:
857:
849:
826:
818:
810:
802:
794:
786:
778:
770:
762:
754:
746:
738:
730:
727:- Costa Rica
722:
705:
697:
691:
679:
676:type species
665:
650:
642:
635:Caterpillars
624:
614:
610:
603:coronaridine
596:
590:
584:
580:
572:
556:
554:
539:
534:
525:
486:
485:
484:
472:
464:
456:
448:
440:
432:
424:
416:
409:Quadricasaea
408:
401:Pterotaberna
400:
393:Protogabunia
392:
384:
376:
369:Pandacastrum
368:
360:
352:
344:
337:Odontostigma
336:
328:
320:
312:
304:
296:
288:
280:
272:
264:
256:
248:
240:
232:
224:
216:
208:
180:
179:
113:
100:
87:
74:
40:
24:
18:
2400:iNaturalist
2245:Wikispecies
1853:banana bush
1791:Habitus of
1771:Ornamental
1073:- Sri Lanka
791:- NE Brazil
662:Publication
609:in Mexican
598:T. africana
573:T. undulata
503:Apocynaceae
473:Woytkowskia
441:Stemmadenia
345:Oistanthera
329:Ochronerium
313:Merizadenia
273:Domkeocarpa
241:Capuronetta
146:Subfamily:
140:Apocynaceae
130:Gentianales
94:Angiosperms
2552:Categories
2037:Species".
1965:Ott (1995)
1907:References
1894:Affinisine
1810:T. elegans
1669:- Mexico (
1589:- E Brazil
1514:- W Africa
1364:- Mexico (
1268:- Colombia
1200:- Mexico (
1037:- Brazil (
985:- Cameroon
941:- Colombia
878:- Brazil (
870:- C Africa
845:Micronesia
710:Bergzabern
621:anxiolytic
616:T. sananho
607:voacangine
592:T. arborea
577:conolidine
550:houseplant
512:and small
465:Testudipes
449:Stenosolen
417:Reichardia
225:Bonafousia
166:Subtribe:
2568:Ayahuasca
2322:FloraBase
2031:In Vitro-
1932:6 October
1815:toad tree
1752:- Jamaica
1447:- SE Asia
1404:- Jamaica
1376:- Jamaica
1157:- S India
767:- S India
688:Etymology
567:(e.g. in
561:ayahuasca
507:evergreen
377:Peschiera
353:Pagiantha
321:Muntafara
281:Ervatamia
257:Codonemma
233:Camerunia
209:Anacampta
64:Kingdom:
2522:40009361
2517:Tropicos
2230:Wikidata
2198:Archived
2176:(1995):
2122:58612529
2114:30618175
2069:46046257
2061:27448833
2027:In Vivo-
2009:12805328
2001:17191876
1899:Affinine
1877:See also
1712:- Mexico
1637:- Brazil
1524:Sulawesi
1244:- Brazil
1228:- Brazil
1039:Amazonas
995:Mindanao
837:Papuasia
799:- Borneo
759:- Panama
657:Taxonomy
631:dementia
569:bëcchëte
565:ibogaine
537:cultivar
526:milkwood
522:opposite
428:Gaudich.
292:K.Schum.
200:Synonyms
136:Family:
120:Asterids
107:Eudicots
2431:1073727
2379:3169624
2236:Q310915
1758:Gallery
1694:Palawan
1481:Réunion
1202:Chiapas
967:Comoros
841:Vanuatu
716:Species
637:of the
586:T. alba
546:petaled
530:flowers
528:". The
498:in the
476:Woodson
468:Markgr.
457:Taberna
412:Woodson
396:Boiteau
361:Pandaca
356:Markgr.
348:Markgr.
340:A.Rich.
297:Hazunta
289:Gabunia
276:Markgr.
249:Clerkia
244:Markgr.
217:Anartia
176:Genus:
156:Tribe:
126:Order:
68:Plantae
2491:PLANTS
2470:619036
2418:2586-1
2405:132896
2366:132175
2340:132175
2262:195292
2259:APDB:
2120:
2112:
2067:
2059:
2007:
1999:
1704:- Fiji
1671:Colima
1366:Oaxaca
833:Maluku
807:- Cuba
704:name (
623:, and
518:leaves
510:shrubs
500:family
444:Benth.
425:Rejoua
372:Pichon
332:Baill.
324:Pichon
300:Pichon
2496:TABER
2483:54733
2457:52860
2444:30224
2426:IRMNG
2392:11824
2348:FoAO2
2327:21936
2314:1TAEG
2301:61385
2275:64007
2118:S2CID
2065:S2CID
2005:S2CID
514:trees
492:genus
490:is a
460:Miers
404:Stapf
388:Miers
316:Miers
268:G.Don
260:Miers
252:Neck.
228:A.DC.
220:Miers
212:Miers
187:Plum.
114:Clade
101:Clade
88:Clade
75:Clade
2504:POWO
2452:NCBI
2439:ITIS
2413:IPNI
2387:GRIN
2374:GBIF
2309:EPPO
2288:7RQH
2270:APNI
2110:PMID
2057:PMID
2029:and
1997:PMID
1949:狗牙花属
1934:2013
880:Pará
605:and
535:The
520:are
380:A.DC
193:1753
2530:WFO
2361:FoC
2335:FNA
2296:EoL
2283:CoL
2129:doi
2102:doi
2049:doi
1989:doi
1979:".
678:is
653:).
575:),
494:of
189:ex
2554::
2532::
2519::
2506::
2493::
2480::
2467::
2454::
2441::
2428::
2415::
2402::
2389::
2376::
2363::
2350::
2337::
2324::
2311::
2298::
2285::
2272::
2247::
2232::
2191:28
2158:.
2116:.
2108:.
2098:16
2096:.
2063:.
2055:.
2045:13
2043:.
2017:^
2003:.
1995:.
1983:.
1915:^
1681:-
1578:-
1526:,
1384:-
930:-
843:,
839:,
835:,
831:-
684:.
595:,
589:,
571:,
552:.
191:L.
116::
103::
90::
77::
2180:.
2135:)
2131::
2124:.
2104::
2071:.
2051::
2011:.
1991::
1985:1
1936:.
1855:)
1851:(
1813:(
1775:(
1696:)
1673:)
1530:)
1368:)
1117:)
1041:)
997:)
882:)
649:(
641:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
