623:(defined in RFC 3302) without an application parameter is used for Baseline TIFF 6.0 files or to indicate that it is not necessary to identify a specific subset of TIFF or TIFF extensions. The optional "application" parameter (Example: Content-type: image/tiff; application=foo) is defined for image/tiff to identify a particular subset of TIFF and TIFF extensions for the encoded image data, if it is known. According to RFC 3302, specific TIFF subsets or TIFF extensions used in the application parameter must be published as an RFC.
2271:
development of an accredited file format standard for the delivery of digital ads. CGATS reviewed their alternatives for this purpose and TIFF seemed like the ideal candidate, except for the fact that it could not handle certain required functionalities. CGATS asked Aldus (the TIFF administrator) for a block of their own TIFF private tags in order to implement what eventually became TIFF/IT. For example, the ability to identify the sequence of the colors is handled by tag 34017 - the Color
Sequence Tag.
547:
StripByteCounts say how long each of these blocks are (as stored in the file), and RowsPerStrip says how many rows of pixels there are in a strip; the latter is required even in the case of having just one strip, in which case it merely duplicates the value of tag 257 (ImageLength). A tiled TIFF image instead uses tags 322 (TileWidth), 323 (TileLength), 324 (TileOffsets), and 325 (TileByteCounts). The pixels within each strip or tile appear in
6279:
140:
1017:
with other organizations. Organizations and developers are discouraged from choosing their own tag numbers arbitrarily, because doing so could cause serious compatibility problems. However, if there is little or no chance that TIFF files will escape a private environment, organizations and developers are encouraged to consider using TIFF tags in the "reusable" 65,000–65,535 range. There is no need to contact Adobe when using numbers in this range.
578:) color models. TIFF does not constrain the number of samples per pixel (except that there must be enough samples for the chosen color model), nor does it constrain how many bits are encoded for each sample, but baseline TIFF only requires that readers support a few combinations of color model and bit-depth of images. Support for custom sets of samples is very useful for scientific applications; 3 samples per pixel is at the low end of
36:
6291:
539:, which are encoded (in particular: compressed) separately. Historically this served to facilitate TIFF readers (such as fax machines) with limited capacity to store uncompressed data — one strip would be decoded and then immediately printed — but the present specification motivates it by "increased editing flexibility and efficient I/O buffering". A TIFF extension provides the alternative of
879:) byte ordering. The next two-byte word contains the format version number, which has always been 42 for every version of TIFF (e.g., TIFF v5.0 and TIFF v6.0). All two-byte words, double words, etc., in the TIFF file are assumed to be in the indicated byte order. The TIFF 6.0 specification states that compliant TIFF readers must support both byte orders (
2194:
full TIFF/IT standard by any one vendor was both unlikely (because of its complexity), and unnecessary (because
Profile 1 would cover most applications for digital ad delivery). Almost all TIFF/IT files in digital advertising were distributed as TIFF/IT-P1 file sets in 2001. When people talk about TIFF/IT, they usually mean the P1 standard.
1685:. Some implementations even use a signed 32-bit offset, running into issues around 2 GiB. BigTIFF is a TIFF variant file format which uses 64-bit offsets and supports much larger files (up to 18 exabytes in size). The BigTIFF file format specification was implemented in 2007 in development releases of
1909:
Some of these data types are partly compatible with the corresponding definitions in the TIFF 6.0 specification. The Final Page (FP) allows the various files needed to define a complete page to be grouped together: it provides a mechanism for creating a package that includes separate image layers (of
2263:
Private tags in the TIFF/IT-P1 specification were originally intended to provide developers with ways to add specific functionality for specific applications. Private tags can be used by developers (e.g., Scitex) to preserve specific printing values or other functionality. Private tags are typically
606:
compression scheme has at times been regarded as the standard compression for TIFF, but this is technically a TIFF extension, and the TIFF6 specification notes the patent situation regarding LZW. Compression schemes vary significantly in at what level they process the data: LZW acts on the stream of
459:
in the autumn of 1986 after two major earlier draft releases. It can be labeled as
Revision 3.0. It was published after a series of meetings with various scanner manufacturers and software developers. In April 1987 Revision 4.0 was released and it contained mostly minor enhancements. In October 1988
2193:
The ISO 12639:1998 introduced TIFF/IT-P1 (Profile 1) - a direct subset of the full TIFF/IT standard (previously defined in ANSI IT8.8–1993). This subset was developed on the ground of the mutual realization by both the standards and the software development communities that an implementation of the
800:
A baseline TIFF image is composed of one or more strips. A strip (or band) is a subsection of the image composed of one or more rows. Each strip may be compressed independently of the entire image, and each begins on a byte boundary. If the image height is not evenly divisible by the number of rows
691:
The inclusion of the SampleFormat tag in TIFF 6.0 allows TIFF files to handle advanced pixel data types, including integer images with more than 8 bits per channel and floating point images. This tag made TIFF 6.0 a viable format for scientific image processing where extended precision is required.
1016:
Private tags are reserved for information meaningful only for some organization, or for experiments with a new compression scheme within TIFF. Upon request, the TIFF administrator (currently Adobe) will allocate and register one or more private tags for an organization, to avoid possible conflicts
656:
TIFF files that strictly use the basic "tag sets" as defined in TIFF 6.0 along with restricting the compression technology to the methods identified in TIFF 6.0 and are adequately tested and verified by multiple sources for all documents being created can be used for storing documents. Commonly
546:
An example of these things, which also serves to give a flavor of how tags are used in the TIFF encoding of images, is that a striped TIFF image would use tags 273 (StripOffsets), 278 (RowsPerStrip), and 279 (StripByteCounts). The StripOffsets point to the blocks of image data, the
1003:
According to TIFF 6.0 specification (Introduction), all TIFF files using proposed TIFF extensions that are not approved by Adobe as part of
Baseline TIFF (typically for specialized uses of TIFF that do not fall within the domain of publishing or general graphics or picture interchange) should be
1866:
to distinguish TIFF extensions or TIFF subsets. According to RFC 3302, specific TIFF subsets or TIFF extensions must be published as an RFC. There is no such RFC for TIFF/IT. There is also no plan by the ISO committee that oversees TIFF/IT standard to register TIFF/IT with either a parameter to
994:
A TIFF image may also be composed of a number of tiles. All tiles in the same image have the same dimensions and may be compressed independently of the entire image, similar to strips (see above). Tiled images are part of TIFF 6.0, Part 2: TIFF Extensions, so the support for tiled images is not
728:
format makes a TIFF file a useful image archive, because, unlike standard JPEG files, a TIFF file using lossless compression (or none) may be edited and re-saved without losing image quality. This is not the case when using the TIFF as a container holding compressed JPEG. Other TIFF options are
661:
industry associated with the use of TIFF files arise when the structures contain proprietary headers, are not properly documented, or contain "wrappers" or other containers around the TIFF datasets, or include improper compression technologies, or those compression technologies are not properly
586:
may require hundreds of samples per pixel. TIFF supports having all samples for a pixel next to each other within a single strip/tile (PlanarConfiguration = 1) but also different samples in different strips/tiles (PlanarConfiguration = 2). The default format for a sample value is as an unsigned
3106:
If files are actively managed in a digital repository, it is possible to consider using either LZW or ZIP lossless compression for the TIFF files. JPEG compression should not be used within TIFF. Most of the respondents use uncompressed images (64%), if compression is used then LZW is mostly
1012:
Developers can apply for a block of "private tags" to enable them to include their own proprietary information inside a TIFF file without causing problems for file interchange. TIFF readers are required to ignore tags that they do not recognize, and a registered developer's private tags are
2270:
In 1992, the DDAP (Digital
Distribution of Advertising for Publication, later Digital Directions in Applications for Production) developed their requirement statement for digital ad delivery. This was presented to ANSI-accredited CGATS (Committee for Graphic Arts Technology Standards) for
903:
Many TIFF readers support tags additional to those in
Baseline TIFF, but not every reader supports every extension. As a consequence, Baseline TIFF features became the lowest common denominator for TIFF. Baseline TIFF features are extended in TIFF Extensions (defined in the TIFF 6.0 Part 2
1835:
TIFF/IT is used to send data for print-ready pages that have been designed on high-end prepress systems. The TIFF/IT specification (ISO 12639) describes a multiple-file format, which can describe a single page per file set. TIFF/IT files are not interchangeable with common TIFF files.
500:
in a single file, but it is also allowed to have different subfiles be different variants of the same image, for example scanned at different resolutions. Rather than being a continuous range of bytes in the file, each subfile is a data structure whose top-level entity is called an
1843:
magnetic-tape formats into a medium-independent version. TIFF/IT is based on Adobe TIFF 6.0 specification and both extends TIFF 6, by adding additional tags, and restricts, it by limiting some tags and the values within tags. Not all valid TIFF/IT images are valid TIFF 6.0 images.
2649:
Nothing prevents someone defining a TIFF extension that would introduce some other kind of pixel geometry, or even house non-pixel-based graphics in a TIFF container, but so far there does not seem to have been any need for that. Hence TIFF images have a rectangular pixel
607:
bytes encoding a strip or tile (without regard to sample structure, bit depth, or row width), whereas the JPEG compression scheme both transforms the sample structure of pixels (switching to a different color model) and encodes pixels in 8Ă—8 blocks rather than row by row.
791:
There may be more than one Image File
Directory (IFD) in a TIFF file. Each IFD defines a subfile. One use of subfiles is to describe related images, such as the pages of a facsimile document. A Baseline TIFF reader is not required to read any IFD beyond the first one.
2217:
TIFF/IT-P1 is a simplified conformance level of TIFF/IT and it maximizes the compatibility between Color
Electronic Prepress Systems (CEPS) and Desk Top Publishing (DTP) worlds. It provides a clean interface for the proprietary CEPS formats such as the
1910:
types CT, LW, etc.) to be combined to create the final printed image. Its use is recommended but not required. There must be at least one subfile in an FP file, but no more than one of each type. It typically contains a CT subfile and an LW subfile.
688:. When storage capacity and network bandwidth was a greater issue than commonly seen in today's server environments, high-volume storage scanning, documents were scanned in black and white (not in color or in grayscale) to conserve storage capacity.
610:
Most data in TIFF files are numerical, but the format supports declaring data as rather being textual, if appropriate for a particular tag. Tags that take textual values include Artist, Copyright, DateTime, DocumentName, InkNames, and Model.
516:, each of which is identified by its tag. The tags are arbitrary 16-bit numbers; their symbolic names such as ImageWidth often used in discussions of TIFF data do not appear explicitly in the file itself. Each IFD entry has an associated
524:. There may within a single IFD be no more than one entry with any particular tag. Some tags are for linking to the actual image data, other tags specify how the image data should be interpreted, and still other tags are used for image
1862:(defined in RFC 3302) without an application parameter is used for Baseline TIFF 6.0 files or to indicate that it is not necessary to identify a specific subset of TIFF or TIFF extensions. The application parameter should be used with
467:
TIFF is a complex format, defining many tags of which typically only a few are used in each file. This led to implementations supporting many varying subsets of the format, a situation that gave rise to the joke that TIFF stands for
1709:
but embeds a TIFF file in the APP1 segment of the file. The first IFD (termed 0th in the Exif specification) of that embedded TIFF does not contain image data, and only houses metadata for the primary image. There may however be a
2230:
Because TIFF/IT P1 had a number of limitations, an extended format was developed. The ISO 12639:2004 introduced a new extended conformance level - TIFF/IT-P2 (Profile 2). TIFF/IT-P2 added a number of functions to TIFF/IT-P1 like:
2259:
The TIFF/IT specification preserved the TIFF possibility for developers to utilize private tags. The TIFF/IT specification is very precise regarding how these private tags should be treated - they should be parsed, but ignored.
435:
format (only two possible values for each pixel), because that was all that desktop scanners could handle. As scanners became more powerful, and as desktop computer disk space became more plentiful, TIFF grew to accommodate
3735:: Specification for revision 6.0, in PDF (warning: there is an outdated and flawed section (jpeg compression), corrected in supplements, and there are additions to this PDF too – for the full specification, see the
973:
A baseline TIFF file can contain a sequence of images (IFD). Typically, all the images are related but represent different data, such as the pages of a document. In order to explicitly support multiple views of the
410:
copyright after the latter acquired Aldus in 1994. Several Aldus or Adobe technical notes have been published with minor extensions to the format, and several specifications have been based on TIFF 6.0, including
2247:
There was some effort to create a possibility to concatenate FP, LW, and CT files into a single file called the GF (Group Final) file, but this was not defined in a draft version of ISO 12639:2004.
3253:
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 12639 - Graphic technology — Prepress digital data exchange — Tag image file format for image technology (TIFF/IT) - Revision of first edition (ISO 12639:1998)
1921:
TIFF/IT makes no provision for compression within the file structure itself, but there are no restrictions. (For example, it is allowed to compress the whole file structure in a ZIP archive.)
895:
TIFF readers must be prepared to encounter and ignore private fields not described in the TIFF specification. TIFF readers must not refuse to read a TIFF file if optional fields do not exist.
649:
Adobe holds the copyright on the TIFF specification (aka TIFF 6.0) along with the two supplements that have been published. These documents can be found on the Adobe TIFF Resources page. The
2289:
The ISO 12639:2004 (Second edition) standard for TIFF/IT superseded the ISO 12639:1998. It was also later extended in ISO 12639:2004 / Amd. 1:2007 - Use of JBIG2-Amd2 compression in TIFF/IT.
3197:
1851:
images, high-resolution continuous-tone images, monochrome continuous-tone images, binary picture images, binary line-art images, screened data, and images of composite final pages.
986:. Each image can have a sequence of children, each child being itself an image. The typical usage is to provide thumbnails or several versions of an image in different color spaces.
531:
TIFF images are made up of rectangular grids of pixels. The two axes of this geometry are termed horizontal (or X, or width) and vertical (or Y, or length). Horizontal and vertical
696:
of intensity resolution. Storing a sequence of images in a single TIFF file is also possible, and is allowed under TIFF 6.0, provided the rules for multi-page images are followed.
562:
image would have one Red sample, one Green sample, and one Blue sample per pixel, whereas a greyscale or palette color image only has one sample per pixel. TIFF allows for both
1875:
TIFF/IT consists of a number of different files and it cannot be created or opened by common desktop applications. TIFF/IT-P1 file sets usually consist of the following files:
788:
TIFF readers must be prepared for multiple/multi-page images (subfiles) per TIFF file, although they are not required to actually do anything with images after the first one.
740:
compression, a lossless data-compression technique for reducing a file's size. Use of this option was limited by patents on the LZW technique until their expiration in 2004.
704:
TIFF is a flexible, adaptable file format for handling images and data within a single file, by including the header tags (size, definition, image-data arrangement, applied
1013:
guaranteed not to clash with anyone else's tags or with the standard set of tags defined in the specification. Private tags are numbered in the range 32,768 and higher.
3465:
1858:
should not be used for TIFF/IT files, because TIFF/IT does not conform to
Baseline TIFF 6.0 and the widely deployed TIFF 6.0 readers cannot read TIFF/IT. The MIME type
3096:
3500:
6248:
1714:
image in that embedded TIFF, which is provided by the second IFD (termed 1st in the Exif specification). The Exif audio file format does not build upon TIFF.
633:(defined in RFC 3949 and RFC 3950) is based on TIFF 6.0 with TIFF Technical Notes TTN1 (Trees) and TTN2 (Replacement TIFF/JPEG specification). It is used for
1721:
data, but most of those do not appear in the ordinary TIFF IFDs. Instead these reside in separate IFDs which are pointed at by private tags in the main IFD.
535:
need not be equal (since in a telefax they typically would not be equal). A baseline TIFF image divides the vertical range of the image into one or several
5276:
4046:
480:(which are optional). Additional extensions are defined in two supplements to the specification, published September 1995 and March 2002 respectively.
765:
When TIFF was introduced, its extensibility provoked compatibility problems. The flexibility in encoding gave rise to the joke that TIFF stands for
3732:
2802:
2760:
David
Beecher, author of dozens of image processing engines over the last 30 years. Any TIFF file can be viewed with a HEX editor to confirm this.
2637:
5690:
2690:
2771:
5160:
4951:
4347:
3877:
412:
319:
2826:'MM' and 'II' byte order. TIFF readers must be able to handle both byte orders. TIFF writers can do whichever is most convenient or efficient.
4698:
3841:
2625:
2274:
TIFF/IT was created to satisfy the need for a transport-independent method of encoding raster data in the IT8.1, IT8.2 and IT8.5 standards.
3552:
3526:
801:
in the strip, the last strip may contain fewer rows. If strip definition tags are omitted, the image is assumed to contain a single strip.
2670:
6036:
5570:
5132:
4589:
3430:
4986:
1032:
Most TIFF writers and TIFF readers support only some TIFF compression schemes. Here are some examples of used TIFF compression schemes:
5164:
4947:
4351:
3881:
505:(IFD). Baseline TIFF readers are only required to make use of the first subfile, but each IFD has a field for linking to a next IFD.
3780:
6316:
5506:
4734:
3960:
3729:: Specification for revision 5.0, in HTML (warning: for historical purposes only, the TIFF 6.0 spec contains the full 5.0 revision)
3723:: Specification for revision 4.0, in HTML (warning: for historical purposes only, the TIFF 6.0 spec contains the full 4.0 revision)
3171:
1701:
specification builds upon TIFF. For uncompressed image data, an Exif file is straight off a TIFF file with some private tags. For
773:. Among other things, Baseline TIFF does not include layers, or compressed JPEG or LZW images. Baseline TIFF is formally known as
4804:
3615:
1689:
version 4.0, which was finally released as stable in December 2011. Support for BigTIFF file formats by applications is limited.
2884:
6225:
4809:
3397:
1199:
TIFF 6.0 Extensions; first defined in TIFF 5 (1988); a patented compression algorithm, but the patents expired in 2003 and 2004
5825:
4991:
3670:
6321:
4391:
3474:
3226:"ISO 12639:2004 - Graphic technology - Prepress digital data exchange - Tag image file format for image technology (TIFF/IT)"
3153:
2472:
4872:
3736:
3696:
2704:
2286:. The ISO standard replaces ANSI IT8.8–1993. It specifies a media-independent means for prepress electronic data exchange.
1913:
The primary color space for this standard is CMYK, but also other color spaces and the use of ICC Profiles are supported.
6294:
5683:
2949:
2298:
692:
An example would be the use of TIFF to store images acquired using scientific CCD cameras that provide up to 16 bits per
2974:
1004:
either not called TIFF files or should be marked some way so that they will not be confused with mainstream TIFF files.
472:. This problem was addressed in revision 6.0 of the TIFF specification (June 1992) by introducing a distinction between
6147:
5632:
5597:
5575:
4774:
4749:
3509:
2370:
A TIFF, which stands for Tag Image File Format, is a computer file used to store raster graphics and image information.
315:
5372:
4423:
3834:
2607:
2428:
119:
5765:
5414:
4968:
4867:
4657:
4059:
2382:
100:
2500:. The National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program at the Library of Congress. 2006-10-03.
543:
images, in which case both the horizontal and the vertical ranges of the image are decomposed into smaller units.
5917:
5521:
5248:
5112:
4955:
4579:
4533:
4433:
3225:
72:
3705:: Widely used library used for reading and writing TIFF files as well as TIFF file processing command line tools
3188:
6282:
5676:
5511:
5194:
4599:
4428:
2309:
730:
382:
images, popular among graphic artists, the publishing industry, and photographers. TIFF is widely supported by
311:
57:
1678:
5658:
5320:
4706:
4692:
4145:
3636:
3577:
3451:
3190:
2353:
1924:
LW files use a specific compression scheme known as Run-length encoding for LW (Compression tag value is 8080
395:
4686:
4139:
2413:
520:, which may be decoded based on general rules of the format, but it depends on the tag what that value then
79:
6253:
5654:
5256:
5177:
4887:
4594:
4584:
4493:
4356:
4031:
3953:
3886:
3857:
3827:
1706:
4764:
2334:
1782:
548:
406:
for use in desktop publishing. It published the latest version 6.0 in 1992, subsequently updated with an
254:
2811:
2282:
TIFF/IT was defined in ANSI IT8.8–1993 standard in 1993 and later revised in the International Standard
1534:
According to TIFF Specification Supplement 2 it should be considered obsolete but reading is recommended
6185:
6112:
5805:
5637:
5612:
5102:
4739:
4546:
3998:
747:
Introduction (contains information about TIFF Administration, usage of Private fields and values, etc.)
334:
6177:
3554:
DDAP Position Statement - TIFF/IT as a File Format for Delivery of Digital Advertising - October, 2001
3528:
DDAP Position Statement - TIFF/IT as a File Format for Delivery of Digital Advertising - October, 2001
2284:
ISO 12639:1998 - Prepress digital data exchange – Tag image file format for image technology (TIFF/IT)
86:
6102:
6024:
5952:
5587:
5117:
5041:
4960:
4195:
3295:
3020:
2777:
725:
2909:
427:
vendors of the mid-1980s to agree on a common scanned image file format, in place of a multitude of
6152:
6137:
6079:
5922:
5845:
5780:
5745:
5548:
5501:
5335:
5289:
5151:
5087:
4824:
4225:
3139:
1277:
RFC 1950 (1996), RFC 1951 (1996), Adobe Photoshop TIFF Technical Notes; it is a TIFF 6.0 extension.
1188:
926:
461:
2399:
TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) files are common in publishing, photo editing, and graphic design.
6195:
5957:
5835:
5755:
5494:
5461:
5377:
5315:
5284:
4844:
4604:
3726:
3720:
3714:
3346:
2729:
2497:
1717:
Exif defines a large number of private tags for image metadata, particularly camera settings and
202:
68:
46:
4093:
3532:
3098:
Recommendations for metadata and data formats for online availability and long-term preservation
2582:
1029:) stores the information about the Compression method. The default value is 1 = no compression.
6157:
6004:
5927:
5592:
5325:
5172:
4799:
4036:
3977:
3965:
3819:
3367:
3275:
3189:
Technical Standardization Committee on AV & IT Storage Systems and Equipment (April 2002).
2801:
Adobe Developers Association (1992-06-03). "Section 7: Additional baseline TIFF Requirements".
1824:
496:
in the specification. The basic use case for having multiple subfiles is to encode a multipage
3650:
3040:
587:
integer, but a TIFF extension allows declaring them as alternatively being signed integers or
6014:
5865:
5730:
5555:
5399:
5189:
4408:
4386:
4364:
4026:
841:
Baseline TIFF image types are: bilevel, grayscale, palette-color, and RGB full-color images.
583:
53:
24:
3764:
1847:
TIFF/IT defines image-file formats for encoding color continuous-tone picture images, color
6290:
5528:
5215:
4376:
4307:
4175:
2329:
1606:
Includes a complete JP2 file inside a TIFF file, not recommended. Introduced by Leadtools.
637:
compatible with the ITU-T Recommendations for Group 3 black-and-white, grayscale and color
595:
20:
3251:
8:
6326:
5516:
5184:
4976:
4882:
4829:
4541:
4336:
4312:
4260:
4016:
3919:
3866:
3784:
2737:
2518:
2306:, widely used open source library + utilities for reading/writing/manipulating TIFF files
1928:). HC files also use a specific Run-length encoding for HC (Compression tag value is 8081
1159:
830:
673:
658:
579:
3711:: Everything you always wanted to know about the TIFF File Format but were afraid to ask
3175:
1098:
CCITT Group 3 1-Dimensional Modified Huffman run-length encoding (a.k.a. MH or CCITT 1D)
5977:
5830:
5820:
5800:
5775:
5607:
5122:
5107:
4647:
4619:
4302:
4265:
2319:
2267:
All private tags must be requested from Adobe (the TIFF administrator) and registered.
1809:
1735:
1225:
TIFF 6.0 Extensions; first defined in TIFF 6 (1992); obsolete, should never be written.
428:
399:
293:
153:
5565:
4466:
708:) defining the image's geometry. A TIFF file, for example, can be a container holding
212:
6122:
6107:
6051:
6031:
5992:
5967:
5875:
5840:
5785:
5770:
5715:
5699:
5533:
5484:
4936:
4779:
4369:
4220:
3894:
3776:
eiStream Annotation (also known as Wang or Kodak Annotation). Developed by eiStream.
3630:
3571:
3445:
2888:
2684:
2603:
2424:
2420:
705:
599:
571:
456:
403:
375:
225:
3406:
2550:
This file format specification is commonly known as TIFF for Fax eXtended (TIFF-FX).
6162:
6084:
6071:
5937:
5582:
5479:
5471:
5357:
5310:
5238:
5205:
4418:
4084:
3936:
3904:
3853:
2999:
737:
666:
575:
532:
3157:
93:
6094:
5740:
5707:
5560:
5352:
4461:
4438:
717:
677:
559:
379:
4922:
3758:
3754:
3750:
3746:
3742:
3119:
2708:
6167:
6009:
5642:
5489:
5330:
5199:
4292:
3708:
2839:
1718:
983:
911:. Here are some examples of TIFF extensions defined in TIFF 6.0 specification:
820:
563:
391:
2953:
415:(ISO 12234-2), TIFF/IT (ISO 12639), TIFF-F (RFC 2306) and TIFF-FX (RFC 3949).
6310:
6263:
6132:
5972:
5538:
5345:
4839:
4637:
4403:
4287:
3931:
2978:
721:
424:
407:
383:
4902:
3767:- Easy readable code of a TIFF tag reader in Mathworks Matlab (Tiff 5.0/6.0)
1932:). The TIFF/IT P1 specs do not allow use of compression within the CT file.
460:
Revision 5.0 was released and it added support for palette color images and
5982:
5362:
5127:
4917:
4912:
4769:
4744:
4240:
3060:
2776:. Revision 5.0. Aldus Corporation and Microsoft Corporation. Archived from
2244:
Support for copydot files through a new file type called SD (Screened Data)
809:
Baseline TIFF readers must handle the following three compression schemes:
634:
432:
3154:"Extending LibTiff library with support for the new format called BigTIFF"
724:(outlines, croppings, image frames). The ability to store image data in a
6117:
5997:
5426:
5367:
5305:
4907:
4670:
4665:
4250:
4170:
3899:
3322:
2863:
2324:
5668:
3079:
Commonly supported TIFF types can be displayed by image viewers such as
2950:"JSTOR/Harvard Object Validation Environment - TIFF Compression Schemes"
2840:"You cannot preview scanned TIFF file in Windows Picture and Fax Viewer"
2671:"JDF Specification - Appendix H MimeType and MimeTypeVersion Attributes"
780:
The following is an incomplete list of required Baseline TIFF features:
6215:
5987:
5932:
5340:
5233:
4642:
4413:
4282:
4245:
4180:
4064:
3941:
3850:
2197:
Here are some of the restrictions on TIFF/IT-P1 (compared to TIFF/IT):
1747:
854:
681:
449:
229:
169:
3591:
2929:
2810:. Revision 6.0. Adobe Systems Incorporated. p. 26. Archived from
2538:
512:
for which TIFF is named are located. Each IFD contains one or several
5880:
5409:
5011:
4814:
4794:
4614:
4609:
4272:
4230:
3080:
2975:"JSTOR/Harvard Object Validation Environment - JHOVE TIFF-hul Module"
2885:"Handling Microsoft Office Document Scanning TNEF and TIFFs in Linux"
2219:
1711:
693:
437:
192:
139:
6249:
International Press Telecommunications Council § Photo metadata
3702:
35:
6235:
6056:
6046:
5905:
5810:
5387:
5266:
4897:
4789:
4215:
4069:
3757:- Tag Image File Format (TIFF) - F Profile for Facsimile, RFC
3198:
Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association
2454:
2450:
1848:
1839:
The goals in developing TIFF/IT were to carry forward the original
1682:
904:
specification) but extensions can also be defined in private tags.
826:
713:
591:
floats, as well as specify a custom range for valid sample values.
588:
525:
6258:
3201:
2864:"You Cannot View TIFF Images Using Windows Picture and Fax Viewer"
1324:
1295:
1251:
supersedes old-style JPEG compression; it is a TIFF 6.0 extension.
1124:
CCITT T.4 bi-level encoding as specified in section 4, Coding, of
769:. To avoid these problems, every TIFF reader was required to read
6019:
5900:
5895:
5890:
5885:
5790:
5602:
5543:
5456:
5210:
5097:
5056:
5051:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
4877:
4819:
4759:
4523:
4503:
4488:
4277:
4205:
4185:
2789:
The number 42 was chosen for its deep philosophical significance.
2314:
2303:
1686:
1155:
1125:
982:
tag was introduced. This allows the images to be defined along a
961:
497:
455:
The first version of the TIFF specification was published by the
323:
3849:
2449:
TIFF was chosen as the native format for raster graphics in the
2238:
Support for the compression of CT and BP data (JPEG and Deflate)
1935:
The following is a list of defined TIFF/IT compression schemes:
1425:
RasterPadding in continuous tone (CT) or monochrome picture (MP)
5942:
5760:
5404:
4862:
4556:
4396:
4317:
4297:
4235:
3972:
3948:
3926:
3914:
3909:
1216:
JPEG (obsolete 'old-style' JPEG, later superseded in Technote2)
3770:
402:, and page-layout applications. The format was created by the
6200:
6127:
5912:
5860:
5750:
5451:
5382:
5225:
5001:
4964:
4849:
4551:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4498:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4456:
4448:
4210:
4190:
4021:
4011:
4006:
3994:
3982:
3804:
1645:
949:
816:
716:(lossless) compressed images. A TIFF file also can include a
685:
670:
3560:, October 2001, archived from the original on March 21, 2003
2800:
743:
The TIFF 6.0 specification consists of the following parts:
684:) images, among other compression technologies that support
653:
standard in RFC 3949 is based on these TIFF specifications.
6243:
6210:
6190:
6142:
6041:
5870:
5855:
5850:
5795:
5735:
5725:
5720:
5392:
5137:
5092:
5082:
5072:
5006:
4996:
4892:
4834:
4754:
4717:
4712:
4629:
4571:
4561:
4322:
4200:
4074:
4054:
3018:
1702:
1698:
943:
931:
850:
709:
626:
567:
441:
3699:: Adobe links to the specification and main TIFF resources
3191:"Exchangeable Image File Format for Digital Still Cameras"
2264:
labelled with tag numbers greater than or equal to 32768.
6220:
6205:
6061:
5962:
5947:
5815:
5431:
5419:
5261:
5077:
4981:
4784:
4381:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
3805:"Multi-Page TIFF Editor - History of changes - TIFF tags"
1854:
There is no MIME type defined for TIFF/IT. The MIME type
1840:
1154:
CCITT T.6 bi-level encoding as specified in section 2 of
650:
638:
603:
476:(which all implementations were required to support) and
445:
387:
3378:
Note: TIFF/IT-P1 is not equivalent to a Photoshop® Tiff!
1128:(a.k.a. CCITT Group 3 fax encoding or CCITT Group 3 2D)
3467:
Harlequin RIP - manual for a commercial TIFF/IT plugin
2453:
operating system; this TIFF support carried over into
2241:
Support for multiple LW and CT files in a single file
1888:
High resolution Continuous-tone files (HC - optional)
3781:"eiStream Annotation Specification, Version 1.00.06"
3609:
3607:
2513:
2511:
2509:
2507:
594:
TIFF images may be uncompressed, compressed using a
554:
The data for one pixel is made up of one or several
1171:
TIFF 6.0 extensions; compression based on ITU-T T.6
1137:
TIFF 6.0 Extensions; compression based on ITU-T T.4
872:" for big-endian (a.k.a. "Motorola byte ordering",
861:" for little-endian (a.k.a. "Intel byte ordering",
440:images, then color images. Today, TIFF, along with
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2412:
2411:Murray, James D.; vanRyper, William (April 1996).
3717:at Digital Preservation (The Library of Congress)
3604:
2504:
6308:
3613:
3502:A software manual with information about TIFF/IT
3428:
2857:
2855:
3094:
2769:
2354:"What are TIFF files and how do you open them?"
3618:. Archived from the original on April 28, 2003
3433:. Archived from the original on April 25, 2005
2770:Aldus/Microsoft (1988-08-08). "1) Structure".
2621:
2619:
2410:
1896:Monochrome continuous-tone Picture images (MP)
669:and content/document management systems using
423:TIFF was created as an attempt to get desktop
5684:
3835:
2852:
2756:
2754:
1107:Baseline TIFF; compression based on ITU-T T.4
3761:- legacy exchange of images in the Internet.
3584:
1475:RLE for high-resolution continuous-tone (HC)
3709:TIFF File Format FAQ and TIFF Tag Reference
3245:
3243:
3241:
2930:"LibTIFF - TIFF 6.0 Specification Coverage"
2689:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2631:
2616:
657:seen issues encountered in the content and
5691:
5677:
3842:
3828:
3090:
3088:
3021:"Tags for TIFF and Related Specifications"
2751:
2492:
2490:
2488:
2486:
2484:
2482:
2204:It is pixel interleaved (when appropriate)
1892:TIFF/IT also defines the following files:
907:The TIFF Extensions are formally known as
898:
19:"TIF" redirects here. For other uses, see
5698:
3651:"Glossary of Printing Terms - TIFF/IT-P1"
2593:
2591:
2467:
2465:
2463:
1867:image/tiff or as new separate MIME type.
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
3495:
3493:
3238:
2578:
2235:CMYK spot colors only (when appropriate)
2207:Has a single choice of image orientation
1268:Deflate (zlib), Adobe variant (official)
760:
551:order, left to right and top to bottom.
3085:
2576:
2574:
2572:
2570:
2568:
2566:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2558:
2479:
2048:Monochrome continuous-tone Picture (MP)
1020:
644:
6309:
3458:
3392:
3390:
3388:
3386:
3317:
3315:
3276:"Glossary of Printing Terms - TIFF/IT"
3140:"Draft-ietf-fax-tiff-fx-extension1-01"
2664:
2662:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2597:
2588:
2583:TIFF Revision 6.0 Final — June 3, 1992
2460:
1916:
1741:.fp, .ct, .lw, .hc, .mp, .bp, .bl, .sd
1274:TIFF Specification Supplement 2 (2002)
767:Thousands of Incompatible File Formats
614:
470:Thousands of Incompatible File Formats
366:, commonly known by the abbreviations
274:TIFF Supplement 2 / 22 March 2002
6244:Exchangeable image file format (Exif)
5672:
3823:
3490:
3339:
3041:"GIMP Documentation - Saving as TIFF"
2882:
2861:
2837:
2415:Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats
1705:compressed image data, Exif uses the
1681:, which limits file size to around 4
2668:
2555:
2174:), CCITT T.6 bi-level encoding (0004
2157:), CCITT T.6 bi-level encoding (0004
2123:), CCITT T.6 bi-level encoding (0004
2101:), CCITT T.6 bi-level encoding (0004
2063:) or RasterPadding in CT or MP (807F
2036:High resolution Continuous tone (HC)
1993:) or RasterPadding in CT or MP (807F
890:
783:
665:Variants of TIFF can be used within
431:. In the beginning, TIFF was only a
58:adding citations to reliable sources
29:
3383:
3312:
3249:
2722:
2653:
2299:Comparison of graphics file formats
998:
995:required in Baseline TIFF readers.
13:
6254:Extensible Metadata Platform (XMP)
5633:Comparison of audio coding formats
2404:
1667:
849:Every TIFF file begins with a two-
203:Uniform Type Identifier (UTI)
14:
6338:
3690:
3019:Library of Congress Collections.
2600:MATLAB Recipes For Earth Sciences
2254:
2251:This format was not widely used.
2201:Uses CMYK only (when appropriate)
1525:Deflate, PKZIP variant (obsolete)
1352:NeXT RLE 2-bit greyscale encoding
909:TIFF 6.0, Part 2: TIFF Extensions
6289:
6278:
6277:
3061:"IrfanView - History of changes"
2383:"PNG vs. TIFF: Which is better?"
2210:Has a single choice of dot range
1870:
1335:RFC 2301 (1998), RFC 3949 (2005)
1306:RFC 2301 (1998), RFC 3949 (2005)
937:
914:
736:TIFF offers the option of using
138:
34:
6317:High dynamic range file formats
3663:
3643:
3545:
3519:
3422:
3360:
3288:
3268:
3218:
3200:. JEITA CP-3451. Archived from
3182:
3174:. AWare Systems. Archived from
3164:
3146:
3132:
3112:
3073:
3053:
3033:
3012:
2992:
2967:
2942:
2922:
2910:"Baseline TIFF Tag Compression"
2902:
2876:
2831:
2794:
2763:
2697:
2643:
2638:TIFF Specification Supplement 2
2626:TIFF Specification Supplement 1
1375:PackBits (a.k.a. Macintosh RLE)
1007:
819:Group 3 1-Dimensional Modified
775:TIFF 6.0, Part 1: Baseline TIFF
182:
177:
162:
158:
45:needs additional citations for
5195:ISO/IEC base media file format
3531:, October 2001, archived from
2539:"File Format for Internet Fax"
2531:
2498:"TIFF/IT for Image Technology"
2443:
2375:
2346:
2213:Restricted compression methods
1656:Abandoned IETF draft from 2001
1401:ThunderScan RLE 4-bit encoding
968:
836:
804:
598:scheme, or compressed using a
1:
3773:- Free in-browser TIFF viewer
3324:Tiff/It Questions and Answers
2340:
2225:
2188:
1958:Final Page (FP) 0th IFD field
1500:RLE for binary line work (BL)
873:
862:
844:
396:optical character recognition
6322:Raster graphics file formats
2277:
1939:TIFF/IT compression schemes
1707:JPEG File Interchange Format
16:Series of image file formats
7:
3368:"Tiff/It P1 Specifications"
2705:"Adobe TIFF Resources page"
2335:T.37 (ITU-T recommendation)
2292:
1902:Binary Line-art images (BL)
1792:; 20 years ago
923:CCITT T.6 bi-level encoding
920:CCITT T.4 bi-level encoding
887:); writers may use either.
483:
10:
6343:
5638:Comparison of video codecs
4148:(GB/T 33475.2,GY/T 299.1)
3753:- image/tiff-fx, RFC
2598:Trauth, Martin H. (2006).
2094:Binary Picture images (BP)
1899:Binary Picture images (BP)
1882:Continuous Tone image (CT)
1724:
1677:The TIFF file formats use
1672:
1160:CCITT Group 4 fax encoding
699:
448:, is a popular format for
418:
217:49 49 2A 00 or 4D 4D 00 2A
18:
6272:
6234:
6176:
6093:
6070:
5706:
5651:
5625:
5470:
5444:
5298:
5275:
5247:
5224:
5159:
5150:
5065:
4946:
4935:
4727:
4679:
4656:
4628:
4570:
4532:
4447:
4346:
4335:
4163:
4132:
4083:
4045:
3993:
3876:
3865:
3737:Adobe TIFF Resources page
3697:Adobe TIFF Resources page
3635:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
3614:DDAP Association (2002).
3576:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
3450:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
3429:DDAP Association (2003).
3399:DDAP, TIFF/IT-P1, PDF-X/1
3172:"The BigTIFF File Format"
2602:. Springer. p. 198.
2585:, Retrieved on 2024-03-29
2519:"The TIFF/IT file format"
2138:
2038:
2026:
1960:
1823:
1815:
1805:
1781:
1766:
1758:
1746:
1734:
1653:TIFF-FX Extension Set 1.0
795:
488:A TIFF file contains one
329:
307:
299:
289:
253:
235:
221:
211:
201:
191:
168:
152:
137:
3800:ADEO Imaging Annotation
3095:Succeed project (2014).
1748:Internet media type
1156:ITU-T Recommendation T.6
1126:ITU-T Recommendation T.4
989:
829:compression - a form of
364:Tagged Image File Format
170:Internet media type
5462:Alliance for Open Media
3745:- image/tiff, RFC
2473:"TIFF/IT ISO/IEC 12639"
1953:TIFF/IT-P2 conformance
1692:
1248:TIFF 6 Technote2 (1995)
1242:JPEG ('new-style' JPEG)
899:Part 2: TIFF Extensions
753:Part 2: TIFF Extensions
674:Group IV 2D compression
508:The IFDs are where the
4382:MPEG-1 Layer III (MP3)
3616:"TIFF/IT Private Tags"
3431:"TIFF/IT Implementers"
3405:, 1998, archived from
2640:, Retrieved 2022-06-29
2628:, Retrieved 2022-06-29
1950:TIFF/IT-P1 conformance
1450:RLE for line work (LW)
1025:The TIFF Tag 259 (0103
398:, image manipulation,
276:; 22 years ago
264:; 32 years ago
241:; 38 years ago
5943:PBM / PGM / PPM / PNM
5700:Graphics file formats
5400:QuickTime File Format
3515:on September 20, 2011
3348:Introduction to PDF/X
3297:CIP3 application note
1036:TIFF Compression Tag
761:Part 1: Baseline TIFF
750:Part 1: Baseline TIFF
602:scheme. The lossless
584:hyperspectral imaging
580:multispectral imaging
360:Tag Image File Format
25:TIFF (disambiguation)
5659:Compression software
5216:MPEG media transport
4293:Sorenson Video/Spark
3765:Code Tiff Tag Reader
3480:on February 20, 2011
3412:on February 15, 2006
3120:"LEADTOOLS TIFF SDK"
2981:on December 10, 2010
2734:Digital Preservation
2730:"TIFF, Revision 6.0"
2330:Windows Photo Viewer
2136:Binary Line art (BL)
1978:Continuous Tone (CT)
1885:Line Work image (LW)
1622:Nikon NEF Compressed
1506:TIFF/IT (1998, 2004)
1481:TIFF/IT (1998, 2004)
1456:TIFF/IT (1998, 2004)
1431:TIFF/IT (1998, 2004)
1021:TIFF Compression Tag
645:Digital preservation
596:lossless compression
503:image file directory
322:, TIFF/IT, TIFF-FX,
54:improve this article
21:TIF (disambiguation)
6259:GIF § Metadata
5657:for techniques and
5655:Compression methods
4151:HDR Vivid(GY/T 358)
2956:on January 30, 2011
2738:Library of Congress
2419:(Second ed.).
1969:) or PackBits (8005
1947:TIFF/IT conformance
1940:
1917:TIFF/IT compression
1731:
1044:Compression scheme
1037:
831:run-length encoding
659:document management
615:Internet Media Type
429:proprietary formats
154:Filename extensions
134:
2320:Image file formats
2170:Uncompressed (0001
2153:Uncompressed (0001
2150:Screened Data (SD)
2119:Uncompressed (0001
2112:Uncompressed (0001
2097:Uncompressed (0001
2077:Uncompressed (0001
2070:Uncompressed (0001
2051:Uncompressed (0001
2007:Uncompressed (0001
2000:Uncompressed (0001
1981:Uncompressed (0001
1961:Uncompressed (0001
1938:
1905:Screened Data (SD)
1816:Extended from
1736:Filename extension
1729:
1061:Usage and support
1035:
756:Part 3: Appendices
400:desktop publishing
300:Extended from
246:September 12, 1986
239:September 12, 1986
132:
6304:
6303:
5666:
5665:
5440:
5439:
5358:DivX Media Format
5146:
5145:
4931:
4930:
4331:
4330:
4221:Microsoft Video 1
4156:AVS3 P2(GY/T 368)
4142:(GB/T 20090.2/16)
3733:TIFF Revision 6.0
3727:TIFF Revision 5.0
3721:TIFF Revision 4.0
3703:LibTIFF Home Page
2817:on 8 January 2021
2711:on 8 January 2021
2186:
2185:
1833:
1832:
1810:Image file format
1759:Developed by
1665:
1664:
891:Other TIFF fields
784:Multiple subfiles
706:image compression
600:lossy compression
558:; for example an
457:Aldus Corporation
404:Aldus Corporation
376:image file format
357:
356:
294:Image file format
226:Aldus Corporation
222:Developed by
146:TIFF Revision 6.0
130:
129:
122:
104:
6334:
6293:
6281:
6280:
5693:
5686:
5679:
5670:
5669:
5432:VOB, IFO and BUP
5206:Motion JPEG 2000
5157:
5156:
4944:
4943:
4903:aptX Low Latency
4680:Chinese Standard
4344:
4343:
4133:Chinese Standard
3905:Motion JPEG 2000
3874:
3873:
3844:
3837:
3830:
3821:
3820:
3814:
3812:
3811:
3795:
3793:
3792:
3783:. Archived from
3715:TIFF description
3685:
3684:
3682:
3681:
3671:"ISO 12639:2004"
3667:
3661:
3660:
3658:
3657:
3647:
3641:
3640:
3634:
3626:
3624:
3623:
3611:
3602:
3601:
3599:
3598:
3588:
3582:
3581:
3575:
3567:
3566:
3565:
3559:
3549:
3543:
3542:
3541:
3540:
3523:
3517:
3516:
3514:
3508:, archived from
3507:
3497:
3488:
3487:
3486:
3485:
3479:
3473:, archived from
3472:
3462:
3456:
3455:
3449:
3441:
3439:
3438:
3426:
3420:
3419:
3418:
3417:
3411:
3404:
3394:
3381:
3380:
3375:
3374:
3364:
3358:
3357:
3356:
3355:
3343:
3337:
3336:
3335:
3334:
3329:
3319:
3310:
3309:
3308:
3307:
3302:
3292:
3286:
3285:
3283:
3282:
3272:
3266:
3265:
3264:
3263:
3258:
3247:
3236:
3235:
3233:
3232:
3222:
3216:
3215:
3213:
3212:
3206:
3195:
3186:
3180:
3179:
3168:
3162:
3161:
3156:. Archived from
3150:
3144:
3143:
3136:
3130:
3129:
3127:
3126:
3116:
3110:
3109:
3103:
3092:
3083:
3077:
3071:
3070:
3068:
3067:
3057:
3051:
3050:
3048:
3047:
3037:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3027:
3016:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3006:
2996:
2990:
2989:
2987:
2986:
2977:. Archived from
2971:
2965:
2964:
2962:
2961:
2952:. Archived from
2946:
2940:
2939:
2937:
2936:
2926:
2920:
2919:
2917:
2916:
2906:
2900:
2899:
2897:
2896:
2887:. Archived from
2880:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2870:
2859:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2846:
2835:
2829:
2828:
2823:
2822:
2816:
2809:
2798:
2792:
2791:
2786:
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2767:
2761:
2758:
2749:
2748:
2746:
2745:
2726:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2707:. Archived from
2701:
2695:
2694:
2688:
2680:
2678:
2677:
2666:
2651:
2647:
2641:
2635:
2629:
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2595:
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2580:
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2408:
2402:
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2396:
2394:
2379:
2373:
2372:
2367:
2365:
2350:
2178:), Deflate (0008
2161:), Deflate (0008
2139:RLE for BL (8082
2127:), Deflate (0008
2105:), Deflate (0008
2085:), Deflate (0008
2059:), Deflate (0008
2039:RLE for HC (8081
2027:RLE for LW (8080
2015:), Deflate (0008
1989:), Deflate (0008
1965:), Deflate (0008
1941:
1937:
1800:
1798:
1793:
1777:
1775:
1732:
1728:
1189:Lempel–Ziv–Welch
1048:
1038:
1034:
999:Other extensions
886:
882:
878:
875:
871:
867:
864:
860:
813:Zero compression
667:document imaging
353:
350:
348:
346:
344:
342:
340:
338:
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308:Extended to
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272:
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262:3 June 1992
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184:
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144:Wordmark of the
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135:
131:
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
62:
38:
30:
6342:
6341:
6337:
6336:
6335:
6333:
6332:
6331:
6307:
6306:
6305:
6300:
6268:
6230:
6172:
6089:
6066:
5702:
5697:
5667:
5662:
5647:
5621:
5466:
5436:
5294:
5271:
5243:
5220:
5142:
5061:
4959:
4938:
4927:
4723:
4695:(GB/T 33475.3)
4689:(GB/T 20090.10)
4675:
4652:
4624:
4566:
4528:
4443:
4439:MPEG-H 3D Audio
4365:MPEG-1 Layer II
4355:
4338:
4327:
4159:
4128:
4079:
4041:
3989:
3885:
3868:
3861:
3848:
3809:
3807:
3803:
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3196:. Version 2.2.
3193:
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3178:on 6 July 2024.
3170:
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3160:on 14 May 2022.
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2018:
2014:
2010:
2003:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1931:
1927:
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1879:Final Page (FP)
1873:
1801:
1796:
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1791:
1789:
1773:
1771:
1767:Initial release
1754:
1742:
1727:
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1668:Related formats
1650:Lossless, lossy
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1619:
1595:
1584:Black and white
1571:
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1472:
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1411:Black and white
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1338:Black and white
1320:
1309:Black and white
1291:
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1254:Continuous-tone
1239:
1228:Continuous-tone
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1140:Black and white
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678:black-and-white
676:which supports
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492:images, termed
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478:TIFF Extensions
462:LZW compression
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380:raster graphics
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5643:List of codecs
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5445:Collaborations
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5211:MPEG-21 Part 9
5208:
5203:
5200:MPEG-4 Part 14
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4787:
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4780:Monkey's Audio
4777:
4772:
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4762:
4757:
4752:
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4720:(SJ/T 11299.4)
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4377:MPEG-1 Layer I
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3990:
3988:
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3986:
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3983:Part 2 / LCEVC
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3691:External links
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3104:. p. 68.
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2024:Line Work (LW)
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2012:
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1806:Type of format
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1783:Latest release
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1679:32-bit offsets
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1052:Specification
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984:tree structure
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619:The MIME type
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420:
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331:
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290:Type of format
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255:Latest release
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6297:
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6264:Steganography
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4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4977:CCITT Group 4
4975:
4974:
4972:
4970:
4966:
4962:
4957:
4953:
4949:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4934:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4908:aptX Adaptive
4906:
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4879:
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4684:
4682:
4678:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4663:
4661:
4659:
4658:Bluetooth SIG
4655:
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4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4404:MPEG Surround
4402:
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4390:
4389:
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4380:
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3981:
3979:
3976:
3975:
3974:
3971:
3967:
3964:
3963:
3962:
3959:
3955:
3954:Part 2 / HEVC
3952:
3951:
3950:
3947:
3943:
3942:Part 33 / IVC
3940:
3938:
3937:Part 10 / AVC
3935:
3933:
3930:
3929:
3928:
3925:
3921:
3918:
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3845:
3840:
3838:
3833:
3831:
3826:
3825:
3822:
3806:
3802:
3801:
3799:
3787:on 2003-01-24
3786:
3782:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3769:
3766:
3763:
3760:
3756:
3752:
3749:and RFC
3748:
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3740:
3738:
3734:
3731:
3728:
3725:
3722:
3719:
3716:
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3710:
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3638:
3632:
3617:
3610:
3608:
3593:
3587:
3579:
3573:
3556:
3555:
3548:
3535:on 2004-01-11
3534:
3530:
3529:
3522:
3511:
3504:
3503:
3496:
3494:
3476:
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3468:
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3271:
3255:
3254:
3246:
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3227:
3221:
3207:on 2022-04-28
3203:
3199:
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3177:
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3141:
3135:
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3015:
3001:
3000:"TIFF Fields"
2995:
2980:
2976:
2970:
2955:
2951:
2945:
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2925:
2911:
2905:
2891:on 2013-04-30
2890:
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2879:
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2813:
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2797:
2790:
2780:on 2008-12-04
2779:
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2669:CIP4 (2008).
2665:
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2646:
2639:
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2609:3-540-27983-0
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2096:
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2081:), JPEG (0007
2076:
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2055:), JPEG (0007
2050:
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2023:
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2011:), JPEG (0007
2006:
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1871:TIFF/IT files
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1384:Baseline TIFF
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59:
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43:This article
41:
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6288:
6276:
5046:
4709:(GB/T 22726)
4370:Multichannel
4226:MSU Lossless
4140:AVS1 P2/AVS+
4094:TrueMotion S
4032:H.265 / HEVC
3978:Part 1 / EVC
3966:Part 3 / VVC
3932:Part 2 / ASP
3808:. Retrieved
3789:. Retrieved
3785:the original
3678:. Retrieved
3674:
3665:
3654:. Retrieved
3645:
3620:. Retrieved
3595:. Retrieved
3592:"TIFF/IT-P1"
3586:
3562:, retrieved
3553:
3547:
3537:, retrieved
3533:the original
3527:
3521:
3510:the original
3501:
3482:, retrieved
3475:the original
3466:
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3435:. Retrieved
3424:
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3407:the original
3398:
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3362:
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3347:
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3331:, retrieved
3323:
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3296:
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3279:. Retrieved
3270:
3260:, retrieved
3252:
3250:ISO (2002),
3229:. Retrieved
3220:
3209:. Retrieved
3202:the original
3184:
3176:the original
3166:
3158:the original
3148:
3134:
3123:. Retrieved
3114:
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3097:
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3064:. Retrieved
3055:
3044:. Retrieved
3035:
3024:. Retrieved
3014:
3003:. Retrieved
2994:
2983:. Retrieved
2979:the original
2969:
2958:. Retrieved
2954:the original
2944:
2933:. Retrieved
2924:
2913:. Retrieved
2904:
2893:. Retrieved
2889:the original
2878:
2867:. Retrieved
2843:. Retrieved
2833:
2825:
2819:. Retrieved
2812:the original
2803:
2796:
2788:
2782:. Retrieved
2778:the original
2772:
2765:
2742:. Retrieved
2740:. 2014-01-08
2733:
2724:
2713:. Retrieved
2709:the original
2699:
2674:. Retrieved
2645:
2633:
2599:
2549:
2543:. Retrieved
2533:
2522:. Retrieved
2475:. ISO. 1998.
2445:
2434:. Retrieved
2414:
2406:
2398:
2391:. Retrieved
2389:. Adobe, Inc
2386:
2377:
2369:
2362:. Retrieved
2360:. Adobe, Inc
2357:
2348:
2288:
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2258:
2255:Private tags
2250:
2229:
2222:/LW format.
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1058:Image types
1055:Description
1031:
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1008:Private tags
1002:
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958:Tiled Images
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635:Internet fax
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378:for storing
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213:Magic number
145:
116:
110:October 2023
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
5998:Logluv TIFF
5427:MOD and TOD
5368:Flash Video
5306:3GP and 3G2
4987:HEIC / HEIF
4939:compression
4699:Audio Vivid
4434:MPEG-D USAC
4429:MPEG-4 CELP
4424:MPEG-4 HVXC
4339:compression
4171:Apple Video
4087:and AOMedia
4037:H.266 / VVC
4027:H.264 / AVC
3869:compression
3854:compression
3771:AlternaTIFF
2883:Microsoft.
2862:Microsoft.
2838:Microsoft.
2393:November 4,
2364:November 3,
2325:STDU Viewer
1753:not defined
1627:Proprietary
1603:Proprietary
1556:Proprietary
1531:Proprietary
1406:Proprietary
1357:Proprietary
969:Image trees
938:Image types
915:Compression
877: 1980
866: 1980
837:Image types
805:Compression
733:and pages.
572:subtractive
566:(e.g. RGB,
207:public.tiff
6327:Adobe Inc.
6311:Categories
6295:Comparison
5661:for codecs
5608:Daubechies
5583:Transforms
5485:Arithmetic
5152:Containers
4857:True Audio
4701:(GY/T 363)
4419:MPEG-4 DST
4414:MPEG-4 SLS
4409:MPEG-4 ALS
4283:SheerVideo
4257:QuickTime
4085:TrueMotion
3851:Multimedia
3810:2013-05-14
3791:2013-05-14
3680:2020-04-19
3656:2011-03-01
3622:2011-03-03
3597:2011-03-01
3564:2011-03-03
3539:2011-03-03
3484:2011-03-02
3437:2011-03-03
3416:2011-03-01
3373:2011-03-03
3354:2011-03-01
3333:2011-03-01
3306:2011-03-01
3281:2011-03-01
3262:2011-03-07
3231:2011-03-03
3211:2024-09-05
3125:2011-07-04
3066:2011-02-27
3046:2011-02-27
3026:2011-02-27
3005:2011-02-27
2985:2011-02-26
2960:2011-02-26
2935:2011-02-28
2915:2011-02-26
2895:2011-02-28
2869:2011-02-28
2845:2011-02-28
2821:2022-06-29
2784:2009-06-29
2744:2014-03-11
2715:2022-06-29
2676:2011-03-03
2545:2011-02-19
2524:2011-02-19
2436:2014-03-07
2341:References
2226:TIFF/IT P2
2189:TIFF/IT P1
1864:image/tiff
1860:image/tiff
1856:image/tiff
1325:ITU-T T.43
1323:JBIG, per
1296:ITU-T T.85
1294:JBIG, per
1041:Tag value
978:data, the
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855:byte order
845:Byte order
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680:(bitonal,
621:image/tiff
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490:or several
450:deep-color
349:/fdd000022
281:2002-03-22
269:1992-06-03
230:Adobe Inc.
178:image/tiff
80:newspapers
6032:UFO / UFP
5968:PSD / PSB
5881:JPEG 2000
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5410:RealMedia
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4815:RealAudio
4795:OptimFROG
4273:RealVideo
4261:Animation
4231:OMS Video
3858:container
3741:RFC
3081:Irfanview
2650:geometry.
2387:adobe.com
2358:adobe.com
2278:Standards
2220:Scitex CT
1944:File type
1829:ISO 12639
1762:ANSI, ISO
1712:thumbnail
1611:Uncommon
1551:Kodak DCS
1540:Uncommon
1509:ISO 12639
1484:ISO 12639
1459:ISO 12639
1434:ISO 12639
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694:photosite
549:row-major
438:grayscale
193:Type code
6283:Category
6236:Metadata
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5906:JPEG-HDR
5529:Lossless
5495:Modified
5388:Matroska
5267:Matroska
5178:MPEG-PES
4790:Musepack
4687:AVS1 P10
4266:Graphics
4216:Lagarith
3631:cite web
3572:citation
3446:cite web
2685:cite web
2455:Mac OS X
2451:NeXTstep
2421:O'Reilly
2293:See also
1849:line art
1825:Standard
1819:TIFF 6.0
1598:JPEG2000
1528:Lossless
1503:Lossless
1478:Lossless
1453:Lossless
1428:Lossless
1381:TIFF 6.0
1378:Lossless
1329:Lossless
1300:Lossless
1271:Lossless
1222:TIFF 6.0
1196:TIFF 6.0
1193:Lossless
1168:TIFF 6.0
1165:Lossless
1158:(a.k.a.
1134:TIFF 6.0
1131:Lossless
1104:TIFF 6.0
1101:Lossless
1078:TIFF 6.0
1075:Lossless
827:PackBits
726:lossless
714:PackBits
589:IEEE-754
564:additive
526:metadata
494:subfiles
484:Overview
452:images.
384:scanning
374:, is an
345:/formats
343:/digital
260:TIFF 6.0
6025:TIFF/IT
6020:TIFF/EP
5901:JPEG XT
5896:JPEG XS
5891:JPEG XR
5886:JPEG XL
5876:JPEG-LS
5603:Wavelet
5544:DEFLATE
5490:Huffman
5480:Entropy
5472:Methods
5457:MPEG LA
5346:Smacker
5234:H.222.0
5190:MPEG-TS
5185:MPEG-PS
5173:MPEG-ES
5057:TIFF/IT
5052:TIFF/EP
5037:JPEG XT
5032:JPEG XS
5027:JPEG XR
5022:JPEG XL
5017:JPEG-LS
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4760:Codec 2
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4620:GSM-EFR
4590:AMR-WB+
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4504:G.723.1
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4489:G.722.1
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2304:LibTIFF
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1772: (
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1673:BigTIFF
1579:LibTIFF
1332:TIFF-FX
1303:TIFF-FX
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1087:Common
821:Huffman
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700:Details
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3973:MPEG-5
3961:MPEG-I
3949:MPEG-H
3927:MPEG-4
3920:Part 2
3915:MPEG-2
3910:MPEG-1
2606:
2541:. 2005
2427:
1047:Lossy/
980:SubIFD
964:Images
952:Images
946:Images
868:) or "
796:Strips
731:layers
718:vector
582:, and
574:(e.g.
570:) and
537:strips
388:faxing
351:.shtml
228:, now
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75:
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6201:MODCA
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5571:ADPCM
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5277:SMPTE
5239:T.802
5226:ITU-T
5202:(MP4)
5002:JBIG2
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4873:VSELP
4850:SVOPC
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4337:Audio
4211:Indeo
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4047:SMPTE
4022:H.263
4017:H.262
4012:H.261
4007:H.120
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3900:MJPEG
3867:Video
3558:(PDF)
3513:(PDF)
3506:(PDF)
3478:(PDF)
3471:(PDF)
3410:(PDF)
3403:(PDF)
3328:(PDF)
3301:(PDF)
3257:(PDF)
3205:(PDF)
3194:(PDF)
3107:used.
3102:(PDF)
2815:(PDF)
2808:(PDF)
1661:Rare
1646:JBIG2
1634:Rare
1587:Rare
1563:Rare
1514:Rare
1489:Rare
1464:Rare
1439:Rare
1414:Rare
1390:Rare
1364:Rare
1341:Rare
1312:Rare
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1231:Rare
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4055:VC-1
3999:VCEG
3887:MPEG
3856:and
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3755:2306
3751:3950
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3743:3302
3637:link
3578:link
3452:link
2804:TIFF
2773:TIFF
2691:link
2604:ISBN
2425:ISBN
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2366:2023
1797:2004
1790:2004
1774:1993
1770:1993
1703:JPEG
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1697:The
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