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916:(1846): "How pure and clear are all the images within! No more and no less than that which each requires according to its nature. ... Here is revealed how the master first collects his material separately, then explores how everything can proceed from it, and finally builds and elaborates upon it. That even Beethoven worked this way is revealed in his sketchbooks".
678:(bars 43–51) before the full orchestra returns. In the trio section of the movement, the four-note figure that will form the main theme of the last movement appears prominently (bars 68–71), but on the seventh degree of the scale rather than the first, and in a minor key rather than a major, giving it a very different character.
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wrote that "it is for the finale that Mozart has reserved all the resources of his science, and all the power, which no one seems to have possessed to the same degree with himself, of concealing that science, and making it the vehicle for music as pleasing as it is learned. Nowhere has he achieved
701:(representing the five major themes) at the end of the fourth movement. But there are fugal sections throughout the movement either by developing one specific theme or by combining two or more themes together, as seen in the interplay between the woodwinds. The main theme consists of four notes:
954:
The music was heavily abridged and issued on two records: 10-inch 17707 and 12-inch 35430. Victor published two widely separated takes of each of the first two movements under the same catalogue numbers. The distribution, recording dates, and approximate timings were as follows (data from
809:, written only a few weeks before Mozart's, also has a fugato in the finale, the theme of which begins with two whole notes. Sherman has pointed out other similarities between the two almost perfectly contemporaneous works. The four-note motif is also the main theme of the
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argues that Mozart composed the three symphonies as a unified work, pointing, among other things, to the fact that the
Symphony No. 41, as the final work, has no introduction (unlike No. 39) but has a grand finale.
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As summarized below, the symphony garnered approbation from critics, theorists, composers, and biographers and came to be viewed as a canonized masterwork known for its fugue and its overall structure that exuded clarity.
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remarked in 1896: "I am able to understand too that
Beethoven's first symphony did impress people colossally. But the last three symphonies by Mozart are much more important. Some people are beginning to feel that
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232:, Mozart was preparing to hold a series of "Concerts in the Casino" around this time in a new casino in the Spiegelgasse owned by Philipp Otto. Mozart even sent a pair of tickets for this series to his friend
907:(1812–1814): "...overpoweringly great, fiery, artistic, pathetic, sublime, Symphony in C ... we would already have to perceive him as one of the first geniuses of modern times and the century just past".
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of
Tuesday, June 3, 1817, carries an advertisement for printed music that includes: "The celebrated movement from Mozart's sympathy , called 'Jupiter', arranged as a Duet, by J. Wilkins, 4s. ".
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The opening melody, played by muted violins, is never allowed to conclude without interruption. After a development section, the recapitulation begins in the subdominant key of
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797:, which also has a fugato in its finale and whose coda he very closely paraphrases for his own coda. Charles Sherman speculates that Mozart also studied Michael Haydn's
1909:
236:. Historians have not determined whether the concert series was held or was cancelled for lack of interest. However, the new symphony in C was performed at the
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passage where the two contrasting motifs are expanded and developed. From there, the second theme group begins with a lyrical section in
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Four additional themes are heard in the symphony's finale (which is in sonata form) and all five motifs are combined in the fugal coda.
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The record labels list the Victor
Concert Orchestra as the performers; they omit the conductor, who according to company ledgers was
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corresponding matrix pages in the
Discography of American Historical Recordings as indicated and physical copies of the records):
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that he composed, it is regarded by many critics as among the greatest symphonies in classical music. The work is nicknamed the
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in its black label series, making it one of the first symphonies to be recorded using the acoustic recording technology.
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It is not known of a certainty whether
Symphony No. 41 was ever performed in the composer's lifetime. According to
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Symphony No. 41 is the last of a set of three that Mozart composed in rapid succession during the summer of 1788.
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Lindauer, David. (2006, January 25). "Annapolis
Symphony Orchestra (ASO) Concert Part of Mozart Birthday Tribute",
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more". Of the piece as a whole, he wrote that "It is the greatest orchestral work of the world which preceded the
689:; it was released as a single in October 1974 and spent nine weeks in the UK singles chart, peaking at number 16.
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759:" from the 13th century. It was very popular with Mozart. It makes a brief appearance as early as his
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2010:
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and some expansion of the minor key sections, the recapitulation proceeds in a regular fashion.
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Wolfgang
Amadeus Mozart: Sinfonie in C, KV 551 Jupiter. Autograph Score. Facsimile. Commentary
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1111:"Mozart: The Last Symphonies review – a thrilling journey through a tantalising new theory"
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C. Sherman, Foreword to score of
Sinfonia in C, Perger 31 Vienna: Doblinger K. G. (1967)
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and trio of the minuet of this symphony. It also appears in the first movement of the
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of
Thursday, May 8, 1817, carries an advertisement for a concert to be given in the
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where the insertion-aria theme is then repeated and extensively developed. A false
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843:, who had settled in London in around 1781. The name has also been attributed to
576:
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Around the same time as he composed the three symphonies, Mozart was writing his
1359:
964:
2nd movement (35430-A, 12"), 8/5/1913 (if take 1) or 1/18/1915 (if take 7), 3:32
959:
1st movement (17707-A, 10"), 8/5/1913 (if take 1) or 1/27/1915 (if take 6), 2:45
2627:
1986:
813:
802:
752:
540:
43:
666:, a popular Austrian folk dance form. Midway through the movement, there is a
626:. This is the only symphonic slow movement of Mozart's to bear the indication
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Symphonies generally agreed to be spurious today, but included in either the
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1978:
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Burk, J. N. (1959). "Symphony No. 41, in C Major ('Jupiter'), K. 551". In:
1041:
892:, most responses ranged "from admiring to adulatory, a gamut from A to A".
817:
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followed by a restatement of the end of the insertion aria then leading to
558:
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1751:
1437:"Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart – Discography of American Historical Recordings"
937:
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Finally, a distinctive characteristic of this symphony is the five-voice
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then occurs where the movement's opening theme returns but softly and in
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underneath to the fundamental one), followed by a more lyrical response.
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This exchange is heard twice and then followed by an extended series of
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on "Friday next, May 9" to include "Grand Sinfonie (Jupiter), Mozart".
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1172:(19th ed.). London: Guinness World Records Limited. p. 608.
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1523:"Victor matrix C-13677. Jupiter symphony / Victor Concert Orchestra"
1505:"Victor matrix B-13670. Jupiter symphony / Victor Concert Orchestra"
1487:"Victor matrix C-13671. Jupiter symphony / Victor Concert Orchestra"
1469:"Victor matrix B-13669. Jupiter symphony / Victor Concert Orchestra"
1304:
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1582:
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218:
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William Klenz: "Per Aspera ad Astra, or The Stairway to Jupiter";
1158:, pp. 55–63, chapter Structure and expression: Andante cantabile.
1054:
Mozart's last symphony, No. 41, the 'Jupiter', was in third place
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for the true recapitulation. With the exception of the usual
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The autograph manuscript of the symphony is preserved in the
1623:
Delphi Masterworks of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (Illustrated)
454:
The symphony typically has a duration of about 33 minutes.
835:, Wolfgang's younger son, the symphony was given the name
805:
to send him the latest fugue that Haydn had written". The
2196:
1211:
847:, an English music publisher. Reportedly, from the first
709:
Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
500:
Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
1067:"These are factually the 10 best symphonies of all time"
1037:"Beethoven's Eroica voted greatest symphony of all time"
905:
Neues Historisch-biographisches Lexicon der TonkĂĽnstler
618:
key of C major) similar to those found in the keyboard
2661:, except for the slow introduction which Mozart added.
640:, though a secondary development section disrupts the
546:
and then ends the exposition on a series of fanfares.
352:
are arranged in the traditional symphonic form of the
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482:(respectively, by an ascending motion leading in a
244:in 1789—at least according to its concert program.
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751:motif which can be traced back at least as far as
2706:
1186:
996:Symphony may be patriotic music prompted by the
681:The movement was later arranged and covered by
2640:(although Mozart changed the instrumentation).
1704:Mozart's autograph in the Berlin State Library
1677:(2005). "Commentary". In Ulrich Konrad (ed.).
1232:
851:, Mozart's Symphony No. 41 reminded Cramer of
644:with rhythmic figures before the return to F.
2667:List of symphonies by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
2182:
1767:
1747:Analysis of the last movement of the symphony
1527:Discography of American Historical Recordings
1509:Discography of American Historical Recordings
1491:Discography of American Historical Recordings
1473:Discography of American Historical Recordings
1455:Discography of American Historical Recordings
1239:Latham, Alison (2002). "'Jupiter' Symphony".
974:4th movement (35430-B, 12"), 12/22/1914, 3:41
969:3rd movement (17707-B, 10"), 12/22/1914, 2:40
211:No. 16 in C (K. 545)—the so-called
114:551, on 10 August 1788. The longest and last
1292:The Musical Times and Singing Class Circular
1243:. Oxford New York: Oxford University Press.
2672:List of spurious/doubtful Mozart symphonies
1781:
1603:Mozart, Haydn and Early Beethoven 1781–1802
1208:, Vol. 30, Nr. 3, August 1969, pp. 169–210.
174:
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1774:
1760:
876:
42:
1742:International Music Score Library Project
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1128:
1126:
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936:Symphony is from around the beginning of
826:
1108:
757:Pange lingua gloriosi corporis mysterium
597:
16:Last symphony by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
1943:
1619:
1543:
1407:
1360:"Symphony No. 41 in C Major, "Jupiter""
1349:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
1167:
1022:
801:because he "often requested his father
528:and is followed by a stormy section in
2707:
1681:. Kassel: Bärenreiter. pp. 9–25.
1640:
1597:
1565:"Mozart's Symphony in C (The Jupiter)"
1555:. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
1419:
1391:
1325:
1323:
1238:
1217:
1155:
1138:(Volume 2). Indiana University Press (
1121:
1096:
1011:
821:Symphony No. 13 in D major (1764)
2715:Symphonies by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
2170:
1755:
1559:
1192:
1034:
2620:Symphonies of doubtful authenticity.
1265:
789:Scholars are certain Mozart studied
692:
457:
1320:
13:
1667:
927:
763:in 1764. Later, he used it in the
339:Problems playing these files? See
254:
183:was completed on 26 June and
142:
14:
2736:
1696:
1109:Clements, Andrew (23 July 2014).
932:The first known recording of the
2692:
2151:
2150:
2011:Maria Anna Thekla Mozart (Bäsle)
1170:British Hit Singles & Albums
747:The four-note theme is a common
723:
648:III. Menuetto: Allegretto – Trio
324:
306:
288:
270:
2128:Beethoven–Haydn–Mozart Memorial
1551:Mozart: A Documentary Biography
1515:
1497:
1479:
1461:
1443:
1429:
1370:from the original on 2017-03-02
1352:
1336:
1278:
1223:
1198:
998:Austro-Turkish War of 1788–1791
913:Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung
799:Symphony No. 23 in D major
795:Symphony No. 28 in C major
544:"Un bacio di mano", K. 541
1652:. Cambridge University Press.
1648:Mozart: The 'Jupiter' Symphony
1347:Mozart: The 'Jupiter' Symphony
1102:
1059:
1035:Brown, Mark (August 4, 2016).
1028:
942:Victor Talking Machine Company
890:Mozart: The 'Jupiter' Symphony
674:textures are presented by the
1:
1702:Symphony in C Major, K. 551.
1620:Russell, Peter (2017-09-04).
1333:(Annapolis, Maryland), p. B8.
1241:The Oxford companion to music
1004:
602:The second movement, also in
539:begins which quotes Mozart's
532:. Following a full stop, the
2037:(paternal great-grandfather)
1880:Concert arias, songs, canons
1285:F. G. E. (1 October 1902).
774:, the first movement of his
706:
670:progression in which sparse
497:
247:
7:
2017:Franz Xaver Wolfgang Mozart
1999:Maria Anna Mozart (Nannerl)
1451:"Mozart – Jupiter Symphony"
978:
816:of Michael's elder brother
147:The symphony is scored for
10:
2741:
1287:"J. B. Cramer (1771–1858)"
524:which ends suspended on a
2616:
2575:
2549:
2308:
2212:
2146:
2123:Mozart in popular culture
2110:
2074:
1977:
1935:Relationship with G minor
1870:
1789:
207:(K. 548), his piano
171:in C and G, and strings.
125:, probably coined by the
89:
74:
63:
53:
41:
33:
26:
21:
1852:Appearance and character
1136:The Symphonic Repertoire
1099:, pp. 210, 458, 474
881:In a phrase ascribed to
731:In an article about the
470:begins with contrasting
175:Composition and premiere
2725:Compositions in C major
2204:Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
2138:Mozart Monument, Vienna
1783:Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
1317:(spec. p. 644 (para. 2)
1168:Roberts, David (2006).
986:Beim Auszug in das Feld
877:Responses and reception
711:download the audio file
502:download the audio file
100:Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
36:Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
2550:Adapted from serenades
2031:(paternal grandfather)
855:and his thunderbolts.
827:Origin of the nickname
652:The third movement, a
610:of the French type in
259:
1146:), pp. 423–32 (2002).
845:Johann Baptist Cramer
782:as the basis for the
598:II. Andante cantabile
258:
2225:K. 45a (Old Lambach)
1930:Compositional method
1910:Works for solo piano
1273:Mozart and His Music
865:Hanover Square Rooms
841:Johann Peter Salomon
807:Michael Haydn No. 39
776:Symphony No. 33
516:. What follows is a
189:Nikolaus Harnoncourt
137:Berlin State Library
130:Johann Peter Salomon
2638:Carl Friedrich Abel
2029:Johann Georg Mozart
1964:Neue Mozart-Ausgabe
1957:Alte Mozart-Ausgabe
1732:Neue Mozart-Ausgabe
1626:. Delphi Classics.
1545:Deutsch, Otto Erich
1220:, pp. 212–215.
992:theorised that the
784:development section
761:Symphony No. 1
2657:now attributed to
2651:complete editions.
2636:now attributed to
2626:now attributed to
2023:Karl Thomas Mozart
1364:The Kennedy Center
780:violin sonata K481
662:" is similar to a
260:
230:Otto Erich Deutsch
203:(K. 542) and
2720:1788 compositions
2680:
2679:
2164:
2163:
1993:Anna Maria Mozart
1973:
1972:
1642:Sisman, Elaine R.
1633:978-1-78656-120-6
1612:978-0-393-06634-0
1570:The Musical Times
1250:978-0-19-957903-7
1134:Brown, A. Peter,
1075:. August 30, 2017
742:French Revolution
715:
693:IV. Molto allegro
506:
466:first movement's
458:I. Allegro vivace
329:
311:
293:
275:
187:on 25 July.
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96:
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2154:
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2043:(brother-in-law)
2005:Constanze Mozart
1951:Köchel catalogue
1941:
1940:
1925:Violin concertos
1776:
1769:
1762:
1753:
1752:
1740:: Scores at the
1728:
1714:Jupiter-Sinfonie
1692:
1663:
1651:
1637:
1616:
1594:
1563:(January 1906).
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1299:(716): 641–646.
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1227:
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1215:
1209:
1206:The Music Review
1202:
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1057:
1056:
1051:
1049:
1032:
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1020:
949:Walter B. Rogers
940:, issued by the
910:A review in the
870:The Morning Post
737:Sir George Grove
727:
637:
636:
564:
563:
557:from G major to
480:fundamental tone
478:outburst on the
449:
448:
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446:
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378:
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331:
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234:Michael Puchberg
85:
83:
46:
19:
18:
2740:
2739:
2735:
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2705:
2704:
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2699:Classical music
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2612:
2608:K. Anh. C 11.08
2603:K. Anh. C 11.07
2571:
2545:
2536:No. 41 (K. 551)
2531:No. 40 (K. 550)
2526:No. 39 (K. 543)
2516:No. 38 (K. 504)
2511:No. 37 (K. 444)
2501:No. 36 (K. 425)
2491:No. 35 (K. 385)
2486:No. 34 (K. 338)
2481:No. 33 (K. 319)
2476:No. 32 (K. 318)
2466:No. 31 (K. 297)
2461:No. 30 (K. 202)
2456:No. 29 (K. 201)
2451:No. 28 (K. 200)
2446:No. 27 (K. 199)
2441:No. 26 (K. 184)
2436:No. 25 (K. 183)
2431:No. 24 (K. 182)
2426:No. 23 (K. 181)
2421:No. 22 (K. 162)
2416:No. 21 (K. 134)
2411:No. 20 (K. 133)
2406:No. 19 (K. 132)
2401:No. 18 (K. 130)
2396:No. 17 (K. 129)
2391:No. 16 (K. 128)
2386:No. 15 (K. 124)
2381:No. 14 (K. 114)
2376:No. 13 (K. 112)
2371:No. 12 (K. 110)
2304:
2300:K. Anh. C 11.18
2295:K. Anh. C 11.04
2208:
2202:
2201:
2195:
2165:
2160:
2142:
2106:
2087:Catholic Church
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2067:(sister-in-law)
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1675:Konrad, Ulrich
1669:
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1599:Heartz, Daniel
1595:
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1577:(755): 27–31.
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831:According to
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791:Michael Haydn
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526:seventh chord
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488:dominant tone
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433:Molto allegro
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214:Sonata facile
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2118:Georg Nissen
2065:Sophie Weber
2041:Joseph Lange
2035:Franz Mozart
1962:
1955:
1857:Pet starling
1730:
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1678:
1647:
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1408:Russell 2017
1403:
1372:. Retrieved
1363:
1354:
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1267:
1240:
1234:
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1169:
1163:
1151:
1135:
1115:The Guardian
1114:
1104:
1077:. Retrieved
1070:
1061:
1053:
1046:. Retrieved
1042:The Guardian
1040:
1030:
1023:Deutsch 1965
993:
953:
946:
933:
931:
911:
904:
901:E. L. Gerber
894:
889:
888:in her book
883:musicologist
880:
868:
858:
857:
836:
833:Franz Mozart
830:
811:contrapuntal
788:
770:Missa Brevis
769:
767:of an early
746:
732:
730:
718:
696:
680:
654:
651:
627:
601:
548:
534:expositional
518:transitional
511:
461:
453:
442:
422:
394:
371:
347:
338:
320:4th movement
302:3rd movement
284:2nd movement
266:1st movement
227:
212:
194:
178:
146:
134:
120:
119:
103:
98:
27:
2092:Freemasonry
1817:Nationality
1797:Biographies
1727:(in German)
1420:Sisman 1993
1392:Sisman 1993
1331:The Capital
1218:Heartz 2009
1156:Sisman 1993
1097:Heartz 2009
938:World War I
687:The Wombles
616:subdominant
604:sonata form
551:development
464:sonata form
197:piano trios
185:No. 40
181:No. 39
2709:Categories
2290:K. 208+102
2285:K. 196+121
2280:K. 135+61h
2265:K. 111+120
2213:Unnumbered
2198:Symphonies
2075:Influences
1920:Symphonies
1807:Grand tour
1802:Birthplace
1605:. Norton.
1422:, p.
1394:, p.
1193:Grove 1906
1005:References
772:in F major
749:plainchant
735:Symphony,
660:allegretto
628:cantabile.
555:modulation
468:main theme
413:Allegretto
341:media help
238:Gewandhaus
127:impresario
2082:Beethoven
1827:Scatology
1822:Residence
1790:Biography
1275:, p. 299.
860:The Times
683:Mike Batt
676:woodwinds
672:imitative
668:chromatic
624:J.S. Bach
608:sarabande
486:from the
385:cantabile
354:Classical
350:movements
348:The four
248:Movements
90:Movements
64:Catalogue
2309:Numbered
2156:Category
2001:(sister)
1995:(mother)
1989:(father)
1944:Editions
1832:Smallpox
1716:) KV 551
1644:(1993).
1601:(2009).
1547:(1965).
1368:Archived
1345:(1993).
1259:59376677
979:See also
818:Joseph's
658:marked "
655:menuetto
635:♭
579:falling
562:♭
514:fanfares
415:– Trio,
409:Menuetto
219:sonatina
165:trumpets
157:bassoons
123:Symphony
116:symphony
75:Composed
2540:Jupiter
2495:Haffner
2111:Related
2102:Salieri
1915:Sonatas
1729:in the
1538:Sources
1313:3369624
994:Jupiter
934:Jupiter
853:Jupiter
837:Jupiter
803:Leopold
733:Jupiter
664:Ländler
612:F major
606:, is a
585:C major
573:F major
530:C minor
522:G major
484:triplet
404:F major
382:Andante
242:Leipzig
205:C major
201:E major
169:timpani
121:Jupiter
108:C major
80: (
58:C major
28:Jupiter
2685:Portal
2655:No. 37
2598:K. 66e
2593:K. 66d
2588:K. 66c
2583:K. 19b
2567:K. 320
2562:K. 250
2557:K. 204
2520:Prague
2275:K. 161
2240:K. 74g
2235:K. 45b
2220:K. 19a
2007:(wife)
1979:Family
1900:Operas
1895:Masses
1885:Dances
1847:Prague
1842:Berlin
1710:
1685:
1656:
1630:
1609:
1591:904183
1589:
1311:
1257:
1247:
1176:
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