264:
390:
280:
242:(r. 962–995). Their Norwegian neighbors on the mainland suspect the Christians of stealing sheep and complain to Jarl Hákon. Hákon arrives on Selja with a group of armed men, intending to kill the inhabitants. When the Christians realize what is happening they hide in caves on the island and pray to God to collapse the caves to spare them from being ravaged by Hákon and his men. The caves collapse and kill all the Irishmen.
30:
329:
in 1170, and as a result, her veneration spread throughout Norway. During the fires in Bergen of 1170/71 and of 1198 the relics of
Sunniva were taken from the cathedral and set down at Sandbru. This reportedly halted the advance of the fire and was hailed as a miracle. The shrine with her relics
245:
The legend has two farmers, Tord
Eigileivsson and Tord Jorunsson who anchored at Selja to spend the night on a journey to Trondheim, witnessing a supernatural light over the island and discovering a bleached skull with a sweet smell. Arriving in Trondheim, the two men tell their experience to
305:
and the 11,000 virgins, but was at first subordinate to that of her brother. However, the original dedication to Alban at Selje may not have been to the
British saint, but a German saint of the same name. Rekdal (2004) draws further connections of the legend to early medieval
352:, who had converted to Roman Catholicism at age 42 in 1924, visited the remains of Selja monastery in 1926 and was inspired to write a novella based on the legend, completed by 1928, for which she commissioned fifteen watercolour illustrations by her friend
494:
recorded in 2015. The popularity of the name surged in the early 20th century, with a peak of close to 0.7% of given girls' names during the 1920s. Since the 1920s, its popularity has declined steadily, falling below 0.1% by the 2000s. The original name
301:(the third-century British saint, who in medieval Scandinavian tradition became conflated with the 10th-century Irish saint at Selje); the local veneration of Sunniva can be traced to about that time, possibly influenced by that of
250:
and bishop Sigurd. After another account of similar events by a different witness, the king and bishop travelled to Selja and found many sweet-smelling bones. They excavated the cave and recovered the body of Saint
Sunniva
220:
wanted to marry her. She and her brother Alban (post-Reformation accounts add two sisters, called Borni and Marita) and their followers settle the previously uninhabited islands of
634:
978:
199:. Oddr's original work was composed in Latin but only survives in an Old Icelandic translation. The legend was also included in the later compilation
859:
Jan Erik Rekdal, "Sunnivalegenden - irsk rekved mellom norrøne fjæresteiner?" in: Jon Vidar
Sigurdsson; Marit Myking & Magnus Rindal (eds.),
680:
255:
and looking as if the saint were asleep. The bones were collected and placed in a casket, and the body of
Sunniva was placed in timber shrine.
185:
382:), on 7 September 2011, a reconstruction of the shrine was made and transferred to the museum in a procession involving a reconstructed
345:, is 8 July. Sunniva also has a separate feast day commemorating her translation to Bergen in 1170, on either 31 August or 7 September.
988:
983:
519:
the 36th most popular names for newborn girls (each at ca. 0.6% of girl's names). They have since then has declined to around 0.2%.
943:
179:
is a Latin hagiography of saints Alban and
Sunniva and their companions. It is believed to have been composed shortly after 1170.
649:
973:
958:
600:
968:
866:
Lisbeth
Mikaelsson, "Locality and Myth: The Resacralization of Selja and the Cult of St. Sunniva". In: NUMEN, Vol. 52 (2005).
201:
356:. The book was first published in German in 1932. An edition with Undset's original Norwegian text appeared only in 2000.
359:
Numerous institutions in Norway are named for
Sunniva, including the Catholic church in Molde, various schools—including
953:
725:
963:
854:
829:
814:
547:
511:
originated in the 1960s. Both started to become more popular in the 1970s and peaked around year 2000; in that year,
314:, whose legend gives an account of the saint and his brothers being killed by pagans on the island of Eigg in 617.
948:
583:
378:
For an exhibition dedicated to
Sunniva in Bergen Museum, under the title of "St. Sunniva and the holy shrine" (
720:
993:
938:
933:
191:
681:"From saint's life to saga: The fatal walk of Alfred Ætheling, Saint Amphibalus, and the Viking bróðir"
213:
695:
330:
remained in Bergen's Christ Church until 1531, when the church was demolished in the turmoils of the
839:
869:
Torunn Selberg, "The actualization of the sacred place of Selja and the legend of Saint Sunniva",
164:
Sunniva was venerated alongside her brother Alban, who in Norwegian tradition was identified with
363:
in Oslo—several Norwegian ships, the St. Sunniva dormitory in Bergen, and the Sunniva Centre for
291:
76:
902:
589:
239:
781:
537:
353:
154:
116:
331:
322:
73:
79:
8:
742:, Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis: Nomina Germanica, Almqvist & Wiksell, 1937, p. 378.
577:
268:
101:
850:
825:
810:
543:
507:
has been in use since medieval times, but was unusual in the period 1900-1970, while
360:
619:
311:
263:
890:
318:
252:
217:
151:
38:
209:, and thus slightly younger, although likely still belonging to the 12th century.
364:
307:
247:
861:
Religionsskiftet i Norden. Brytinger mellom nordisk og europeisk kultur 800-1200
439:
335:
233:
180:
158:
120:
927:
777:
444:
349:
338:. The shrine was lost when that monastery was destroyed in its turn in 1536.
272:
918:
894:
721:
http://www.efremforlag.no/efremforlag/vedlegg/Sunnivaskrinet_VL07092011.pdf
503:, however, has instead become the most popularly given forms of this name.
302:
236:
221:
147:
111:
62:
879:"Constructing a saint: The legend of St Sunniva in twelfth-century Norway"
433:
389:
279:
298:
294:
284:
165:
140:
94:
771:, in: Historiske Afhandlinger tilegnet RJE Prof. Sars. 1905, pp 164–181.
267:
Medieval statue (dated c. 1200) of a seated woman wearing a crown, from
34:
542:. Toronto, Buffalo, London: University of Toronto Press. p. 342.
133:
575:
is classified in the subgenre of "pagan-contact þættir" alongside
383:
878:
386:, commemorating the historical translation of the saint's relics.
341:
The feast day of Alban and Sunniva and their companions, known as
50:
905:, English-language exhibition catalogue, Bryggens Museum (2011).
711:
both 31 August and 7 September are reported by Schäfer (2003).
375:
introduced a municipal coat of arms depicting Sunniva in 1991.
326:
229:
88:
751:
Statistisk SentralbyrĂĄ, National statistics office of Norway,
443:, 'gift'. The Old English name is on record in the Yorkshire
372:
29:
271:(now kept by Bergen Museum). It is interpreted as either a
225:
802:, in: Norske fortidsminnesmerkers forening. Ă…rbok 1949.
539:
The legends of the saints in Old Norse-Icelandic prose
834:
Joachim Schäfer, "Sunniva von Selje und Gefährten",
822:
Reallexikon der germanischen Altertumskunde: Band 22
752:
635:"Folktale and thattr: The case of Rognvald and Raud"
212:
According to the legend, Sunniva was the heir of an
297:was built at the site around 1100 and dedicated to
925:
740:The Pre-Conquest Personal Names of Domesday Book
667:Draumkvedet, og tekster fra norrøn middelalder,
845:Oddr Snorrason, Theodore M. Andersson (trans.)
393:Statue of Saint Sunniva at the harbour of Selje
423:). All are renditions of the Old English name
405:is in use as a feminine given name in Norway.
490:in Sweden), with 5021 Norwegian women called
807:Biographic-bibliographic church encyclopedia
678:
486:being the most widespread (also adopted as
41:altarpiece (c. 1520, now in Bergen Museum).
979:Christian female saints of the Middle Ages
876:
627:; this subgenre (without the inclusion of
195:("tale of Alban and Sunniva") and also as
809:(BBKL). Volume 18, Bautz, Herzberg 2001,
388:
317:Sunniva's relics (allegedly again found
278:
262:
258:
205:. The tale is directly based on that in
863:. Unipub forlag (2004), 159–196.
369:Sunniva senter for lindrende behandling
926:
632:
380:Sankta Sunniva og det heilage skrinet
849:. Cornell University Press (2003),
598:
535:
334:, and the shrine was transferred to
37:sculpture of Saint Sunniva from the
13:
454:Modern forms of the name include
14:
1005:
989:Scandinavian feminine given names
909:
903:"St. Sunniva and the Holy Shrine"
672:
275:or as a depiction of St. Sunniva.
984:Burials at Christ Church, Bergen
871:Arv. Nordic yearbook of Folklore
761:
202:Óláfs saga Tryggvasonar en mesta
28:
944:Norwegian Roman Catholic saints
883:Viking and Medieval Scandinavia
599:Rowe, Elizabeth Ashman (1998).
168:, the Roman-era British saint.
769:De Gamle helligdomme paa Selja
745:
732:
714:
705:
659:
565:
556:
529:
1:
974:10th-century Christian saints
959:10th-century Norwegian people
522:
397:
969:10th-century Norwegian women
836:Ă–kumenisches Heiligenlexikon
824:. Walter de Gruyter (2003),
415:. The Old Icelandic form is
7:
847:The Saga of Olaf Tryggvason
679:Frankis, John (1998–2001).
601:"Cultural paternity in the
482:, all given in Norway, but
411:is the Latinized form from
10:
1010:
877:O'Hara, Alexander (2009).
805:Ekkart Sauser, "Sunniva",
795:Selje: Scriptoriet (2000).
631:) was first identified in
571:O'Hara (2009:106). Oddr's
216:, but had to flee when an
954:10th-century Irish people
694:: 132–133. Archived from
171:
110:
100:
85:
69:
56:
46:
27:
20:
964:10th-century Irish women
605:Óláfs saga Tryggvasonar"
189:, in a section known as
919:Bergen history web site
780:, Martha Näf (trans.),
633:Harris, Joseph (1980).
629:Þorsteins þáttr uxafóts
595:Þorsteins þáttr uxafóts
413:Acta sanctorum in Selio
232:during the rule of the
207:Acta sanctorum in Selio
192:Albani þáttr ok Sunnifu
186:Óláfs saga Tryggvasonar
177:Acta sanctorum in Selio
77:Eastern Orthodox Church
901:Espen Svendsen (ed.),
895:10.1484/J.VMS.1.100675
536:Wolf, Kirsten (2013).
394:
287:
276:
183:made use of it in his
949:Medieval Irish saints
800:Helligdommen pĂĄ Selja
419:(manuscript spelling
392:
282:
266:
259:Relics and veneration
218:invading heathen king
74:Roman Catholic Church
994:Feminine given names
788:, J. MĂĽller (1932);
738:Olof von Feilitzen,
618:: 11. Archived from
584:Tóka þáttr Tókasonar
321:) were moved to the
308:Norse-Gaelic contact
157:, as well as all of
80:True Orthodox Church
939:10th-century deaths
934:10th-century births
793:Den hellige Sunniva
782:Gösta af Geijerstam
729:, 8 September 2011.
499:and the short form
354:Gøsta af Geijerstam
155:Diocese of Bjørgvin
117:Diocese of Bjørgvin
840:heiligenlexikon.de
562:Hoops 2003, p. 66.
395:
336:Munkeliv monastery
288:
277:
269:Urnes Stave Church
820:Hoops, Johannes,
784:(illustrations),
753:http://www.ssb.no
723:Sunnivaskrinet],
590:Norna-gests þáttr
515:was the 33rd and
361:St Sunniva School
348:Norwegian author
240:Hákon Sigurðarson
150:of the Norwegian
126:
125:
70:Venerated in
1001:
917:
898:
817:, Sp. 1356–1357.
798:Cato Passenger,
791:
776:
767:Yngvar Nielsen,
755:
749:
743:
736:
730:
718:
712:
709:
703:
702:
701:on 11 June 2015.
700:
685:
676:
670:
663:
657:
656:
655:on 6 March 2015.
654:
648:. Archived from
639:
626:
625:on 10 June 2015.
624:
609:
569:
563:
560:
554:
553:
533:
310:, especially to
197:Seljumanna þáttr
152:Church of Norway
91:
32:
18:
17:
1009:
1008:
1004:
1003:
1002:
1000:
999:
998:
924:
923:
915:
912:
789:
774:
764:
759:
758:
750:
746:
737:
733:
719:
715:
710:
706:
698:
683:
677:
673:
665:Gro Steinsland
664:
660:
652:
637:
622:
607:
570:
566:
561:
557:
550:
534:
530:
525:
400:
365:Palliative Care
343:Seljumannamesse
261:
248:Olaf Tryggvason
174:
132:(10th century;
86:
61:
42:
23:
12:
11:
5:
1007:
997:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
922:
921:
916:(in Norwegian)
911:
910:External links
908:
907:
906:
899:
874:
867:
864:
857:
843:
838:(2003, 2014) (
832:
818:
803:
796:
790:(in Norwegian)
772:
763:
760:
757:
756:
744:
731:
713:
704:
671:
658:
642:Folklore Forum
564:
555:
548:
527:
526:
524:
521:
399:
396:
260:
257:
181:Oddr Snorrason
173:
170:
159:Western Norway
124:
123:
114:
108:
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104:
98:
97:
92:
83:
82:
71:
67:
66:
58:
54:
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33:
25:
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9:
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2:
1006:
995:
992:
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987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
931:
929:
920:
914:
913:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
875:
872:
868:
865:
862:
858:
856:
855:0-8014-4149-8
852:
848:
844:
841:
837:
833:
831:
830:3-11-017351-4
827:
823:
819:
816:
815:3-88309-086-7
812:
808:
804:
801:
797:
794:
787:
783:
779:
778:Sigrid Undset
773:
770:
766:
765:
762:Other sources
754:
748:
741:
735:
728:
727:
722:
717:
708:
697:
693:
689:
682:
675:
668:
662:
651:
647:
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621:
617:
613:
606:
604:
596:
592:
591:
587:
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580:
579:
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568:
559:
551:
549:9781442646216
545:
541:
540:
532:
528:
520:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
452:
450:
446:
445:Domesday Book
442:
441:
437:, 'sun', and
436:
435:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
404:
391:
387:
385:
381:
376:
374:
371:) in Bergen.
370:
366:
362:
357:
355:
351:
350:Sigrid Undset
346:
344:
339:
337:
333:
328:
324:
323:new cathedral
320:
315:
313:
309:
304:
300:
296:
293:
286:
281:
274:
270:
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256:
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227:
223:
219:
215:
214:Irish kingdom
210:
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81:
78:
75:
72:
68:
64:
59:
55:
52:
49:
45:
40:
36:
31:
26:
22:Saint Sunniva
19:
16:
886:
882:
870:
860:
846:
835:
821:
806:
799:
792:
785:
768:
747:
739:
734:
724:
716:
707:
696:the original
691:
687:
674:
666:
661:
650:the original
645:
641:
628:
620:the original
615:
611:
603:FlateyjarbĂłk
602:
594:
588:
582:
576:
572:
567:
558:
538:
531:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
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467:
463:
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455:
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420:
416:
412:
408:
407:
402:
401:
379:
377:
368:
358:
347:
342:
340:
316:
303:Saint Ursula
289:
244:
211:
206:
200:
196:
190:
184:
176:
175:
163:
148:patron saint
143:
136:
129:
127:
63:Selja island
60:10th century
15:
889:: 105–121.
775:(in German)
597:; see also
578:Sörla þáttr
332:Reformation
299:Saint Alban
295:Selje Abbey
292:Benedictine
285:Selje Abbey
166:Saint Alban
141:Old English
95:Selje Abbey
35:Late Gothic
928:Categories
523:References
398:Given name
312:St. Donnan
121:Vestlandet
726:VĂĄrt Land
688:Saga-Book
612:AlvĂssmál
429:Sunnigifu
319:incorrupt
283:Ruins of
253:incorrupt
146:) is the
134:Old Norse
112:Patronage
39:Austevoll
425:Sunngifu
384:longboat
144:Sunngifu
65:, Norway
873:(2005).
786:Sunniva
513:Sunniva
505:Sunniva
497:Sunniva
492:Synnøve
488:Synnöve
484:Synnøve
480:Synneve
476:Synneva
472:Sunneva
468:Sønneve
464:Sønneva
456:Synnøve
449:Sonneuæ
431:, from
421:Sunniuæ
417:Sunnifa
409:Sunniva
403:Sunniva
273:Madonna
139:, from
137:Sunnifa
130:Sunniva
51:Ireland
853:
828:
813:
546:
460:Synøve
327:Bergen
230:Norway
172:Legend
128:Saint
106:July 8
89:shrine
87:Major
699:(PDF)
684:(PDF)
653:(PDF)
638:(PDF)
623:(PDF)
608:(PDF)
573:þáttr
517:Synne
509:Synne
501:Synne
447:, as
434:sunne
373:Selje
234:pagan
222:Selja
102:Feast
851:ISBN
826:ISBN
811:ISBN
669:2004
593:and
544:ISBN
440:gifu
290:The
237:Jarl
226:Kinn
224:and
57:Died
47:Born
891:doi
692:XXV
325:in
228:in
930::
885:.
881:.
690:.
686:.
646:13
644:.
640:.
614:.
610:.
581:,
478:,
474:,
470:,
466:,
462:,
458:,
451:.
427:,
161:.
119:;
897:.
893::
887:5
842:)
616:8
586:,
552:.
367:(
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