1170:. Some paleontologists noted that it was more likely to be a carnivore because it is classified within the otherwise carnivorous theropod group. This theory has never been discounted, but Osborn, who described and named the dinosaur, proposed that it probably ate buds and shoots from trees, shrubs and other plants, using its forelimbs to grasp branches and its long neck to enable it accurately to select particular items. This herbivorous diet is further supported by the unusual structure of its hands. The second and third fingers were of equal length, could not function independently, and were probably bound together by skin as a single unit. The structure of the shoulder girdle did not allow a high elevation of the arm nor was optimised for a low reach. The hand could not be fully flexed for a grasping motion or spread for raking. This indicates that the hand was used as a "hook" or "clamp", for bringing branches or fern fronds at shoulder height within reach. However, these adaptations might have been used for wing feather support instead.
1179:
4678:
6801:
4671:
3175:
4000:
3986:
754:
1236:
6253:
5466:
6239:
3979:
6246:
3181:
488:
4685:
136:
3993:
6814:
5484:
5472:
111:
693:
5491:
6808:
1147:
537:
6233:
387:
651:
5479:
2603:
378:. Similar to the modern extant ostriches, emus, and rheas (among other birds), ornithomimid dinosaurs likely lived as opportunistic omnivores, supplementing a largely plant-based diet with a variety of small mammals, reptiles, amphibians, insects, invertebrates, and anything else they could fit into their mouth, as they foraged.
2254:
J. A. Gauthier and K. Padian. 1985. Phylogenetic, functional, and aerodynamic analyses of the origin of birds and their flight. In M. K. Hecht, J. H. Ostrom, G. Viohl, and P. Wellnhofer (eds.), The
Beginnings of Birds: Proceedings of the International Conference Archaeopteryx, EichstÀtt 1984. Freunde
1137:
was one of the first theropods envisioned from the outset as having a horizontal posture. Osborn in 1916 let the animal intentionally be depicted with an elevated tail. This newer view created an image much more reminiscent of modern flightless birds, such as the ostrich to which this dinosaur's name
712:
columns consisted of ten neck vertebrae, thirteen back vertebrae, six hip vertebrae, and about thirty-five tail vertebrae. Their tails were relatively stiff and probably used for balance. They had long slender arms and hands, with immobile forearm bones and limited opposability between the first
2358:
R. Barsbold. 1976. K evolyutsii i sistematike pozdnemezozoyskikh khishchnykh dinozavrov . In N. N. Kramarenko, B. Luvsandansan, Y. I. Voronin, R. Barsbold, A. K. Rozhdestvensky, B. A. Trofimov & V. Y. Reshetov (eds.), Paleontology and
Biostratigraphy of Mongolia. The Joint Soviet-Mongolian
858:, for example, used Ornithomimidae to include all ornithomimosaurians in 1998, but subsequently changed to a more exclusive definition (advanced ornithomimosaurs) within Ornithomimosauria, a classification scheme that was adopted by other authors at the beginning of the current century.
2396:
Li Xu, Yoshitsugu
Kobayashi, Junchang LĂŒ, Yuong-Nam Lee, Yongqing Liu, Kohei Tanaka, Xingliao Zhang, Songhai Jia and Jiming Zhang (2011). "A new ornithomimid dinosaur with North American affinities from the Late Cretaceous Qiupa Formation in Henan Province of China".
2264:
F. E. Novas. 1992. The evolution of carnivorous dinosaurs. In J. L. Sanz and A. D. Buscalioni (eds.), The
Dinosaurs and Their Environment Biotic: Proceedings of the Second Year of Paleontology in Cuenca. Institute "Juan Valdez", Cuenca, Argentina
2445:
Rothschild, B., Tanke, D. H., and Ford, T. L., 2001, Theropod stress fractures and tendon avulsions as a clue to activity: In: Mesozoic
Vertebrate Life, edited by Tanke, D. H., and Carpenter, K., Indiana University Press, p.
2485:, regarding his comparative speed estimates, notes that "... just how swift is swift? In hard, precise measure, this can be a real can of worms; for just how fast living animals run is not well known." (Paul, G.S. 1988.
707:
As with other ornithomimids, they had small slender heads on long necks (which made up about 40% of the length of the body in front of the hips). Their eyes were large and their jaws were toothless. Their
2030:
Zelenitsky, D. K.; Therrien, F.; Erickson, G. M.; Debuhr, C. L.; Kobayashi, Y.; Eberth, D. A.; Hadfield, F. (2012). "Feathered Non-Avian
Dinosaurs from North America Provide Insight into Wing Origins".
1765:
Aaron, J.; van der Reest, Alexander P. Wolfe; Currie, Philip J. (2016). " A densely feathered ornithomimid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Upper
Cretaceous Dinosaur Park Formation, Alberta, Canada".
665:
is estimated as about 4.3 metres (14 ft 1 in) long and 1.4 m (4 ft 7 in) tall at the hips, with a weight of around 150 kilograms (330 lb). A larger specimen of
460:
a full genus in 1972, at the same time referring several other specimens to it: AMNH 5375, AMNH 5385, AMNH 5421, CMN 8897, CMN 8902 and ROM 1790, all partial skeletons. The type species,
2550:
Reisdorf, A.G.; Wuttke, M. (2012). "Re-evaluating Moodie's
Opisthotonic-Posture Hypothesis in fossil vertebrates. Part I: Reptiles - The taphonomy of the bipedal dinosaurs
1666:
Longrich, N (2008). "A new, large ornithomimid from the
Cretaceous Dinosaur Park Formation of Alberta, Canada: Implications for the study of dissociated dinosaur remains".
1492:
McFeeters, Bradley; Ryan, Michael J.; Schröder-Adams, Claudia; Cullen, Thomas M. (2016). "A new ornithomimid theropod from the
Dinosaur Park Formation of Alberta, Canada".
713:
finger and the other two. As in other ornithomimids but unusually among theropods, the three fingers were roughly the same length, and the claws were only slightly curved;
854:
placed ornithomimids within their own infraorder, Ornithomimosauria, in 1976. The constituency of Ornithomimidae and Ornithomimosauria varied with different authors.
1203:
was, in fact, its main defense from predators (although it may also have been able to lash out with its hind claws when cornered), such as the dromaeosaurids (e.g.
2395:
1976:
Makovicky, Peter J.; Kobayashi, Yoshitsugu; Currie, Philip J. (2004). "Ornithomimosauria". In Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; OsmĂłlska, Halszka (eds.).
6980:
2432:
7015:
1227:), which lived at the same time. It is estimated to have been able to run at speeds between 50 and 80 km/h (31.1 and 49.7 mph).
2220:
Russell, D. A.; Dong, Z.-M. (1993). "The affinities of a new Theropod from the Alxa Desert, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China".
6970:
741:
had longer hands relative to the humerus than other ornithomimids, with particularly long claws. Their forelimbs were more robust than
6893:
2326:
Makovicky, P. J.; Kobayashi, Y.; Currie, P. J. (2004). "Ornithomimosauria". In Weishampel, D. B.; Dodson, P.; OsmĂłlska, H. (eds.).
2275:
Sereno, P. C.; Wilson, J. A.; Larsson, H. C. E.; Dutheil, D. B.; Sues, H.-D. (1994). "Early Cretaceous dinosaurs from the Sahara".
123:
7010:
2369:
Sereno, P.C. (1998). "A rationale for phylogenetic definitions, with application to the higher-level taxonomy of Dinosauria".
1985:
1957:
1915:
1823:
1476:
4677:
4670:
2658:
1299:
6800:
2175:
O. C. Marsh. 1896. The dinosaurs of North America. United States Geological Survey, 16th Annual Report, 1894-95 55:133-244
2637:
2543:
2343:
7005:
2004:
Nicholls, Elizabeth L.; Russell, Anthony P. (1985). "Structure and function of the pectoral girdle and forelimb of
5465:
6990:
3999:
3985:
6238:
2607:
725:. These might have been adaptations to support wing feathers. It is likely it had feathers all over its body.
6679:
3978:
3174:
1178:
5483:
3180:
1581:
Parks, W.A. (1933). "New species of dinosaurs and turtles from the Upper Cretaceous formations of Alberta".
1199:
were long, powerful and seemingly well-suited to rapid running, much like an ostrich. The supposed speed of
6252:
729:
differed from close relatives only in subtle aspects of anatomy. The edge of the upper beak was concave in
4684:
1839:
Chinzorig, Tsogtbaatar; Cullen, Thomas; Phillips, George; Rolke, Richard; Zanno, Lindsay E. (2022-10-19).
1751:
and the maker of Comanchean large-theropod footprints", In: Tanke, Carpenter, Skrepnick and Currie (eds).
1372:
135:
6975:
428:, meaning "lofty" or "noble". However, in 1914, a nearly complete skeleton (AMNH 5339) was discovered by
3992:
677:
had a build and skeletal structure typical of ornithomimids, differing from closely related genera like
6960:
6245:
1279:
590:
6937:
5490:
1123:
In a 2001 study conducted by Bruce Rothschild and other paleontologists, fifty foot bones referred to
366:; their overall abundanceâin addition to their toothless beakâsuggests that these animals were mainly
6985:
6813:
2725:
363:
823:, a large clade of dinosaurs not closely related to theropods. Five years later, Marsh classified
6871:
6807:
5471:
2630:
418:
2335:
1907:
1841:"Large-bodied ornithomimosaurs inhabited Appalachia during the Late Cretaceous of North America"
1468:
1460:
6965:
6924:
6833:
1368:
714:
449:
255:
1949:
1943:
1815:
1809:
7000:
6919:
6911:
5196:
5108:
2426:
414:
279:
618:
in size) and tend to have straighter and more elongate hand claws, similar to those seen in
6995:
6880:
6765:
4885:
4853:
2567:
2515:
2406:
2284:
2229:
2142:
2095:
2040:
1852:
1774:
1714:
1675:
1501:
1425:
1331:
500:
6232:
8:
5209:
4996:
1274:
period. A younger species (which has not yet been named), which apparently differed from
815:, also underwent many changes over the years. For example, O.C. Marsh initially included
622:. One relatively complete Lance Formation specimen, BHI 1266, was originally referred to
5478:
2571:
2519:
2410:
2288:
2233:
2146:
2099:
2044:
1856:
1778:
1718:
1679:
1505:
1429:
1335:
6672:
5185:
5045:
4901:
4841:
4276:
4186:
4069:
2933:
2623:
2583:
2308:
2202:
2158:
2111:
2064:
1900:
1875:
1840:
1753:
Mesozoic Vertebrate Life: New Research Inspired by the Paleontology of Philip J. Currie
1730:
1643:
1517:
892:
772:
130:
669:
is estimated to weigh about 233.8 kilograms (515 lb). The specimens belonging to
6906:
6554:
6471:
6445:
6284:
6271:
6149:
5699:
5651:
4483:
3833:
2912:
2587:
2539:
2339:
2300:
2162:
2115:
2056:
1981:
1953:
1935:
1911:
1880:
1819:
1801:
1734:
1687:
1472:
1344:
1319:
1205:
812:
753:
222:
2382:
2312:
2206:
2084:"Additional characters of the Ceratopsidae, with notice of new Cretaceous dinosaurs"
1647:
1521:
1235:
6658:
6415:
6325:
6114:
6038:
5901:
5820:
5792:
5752:
5633:
5603:
5121:
4874:
4738:
4595:
4495:
4344:
4251:
4209:
3776:
3086:
2575:
2523:
2414:
2378:
2331:
2292:
2237:
2194:
2150:
2103:
2068:
2048:
1870:
1860:
1782:
1722:
1683:
1635:
1509:
1456:
1433:
1339:
1278:
in having longer, more slender hands, is known from several specimens found in the
1263:
851:
840:
575:
2418:
1786:
1639:
1513:
1166:. Some theories suggest that it may have been a shore-dweller and may have been a
6721:
6459:
6422:
6354:
6209:
6202:
6022:
5964:
5937:
5927:
5887:
5722:
5581:
5565:
5383:
5355:
5333:
5220:
5065:
4772:
4546:
4429:
4407:
4328:
4157:
4134:
4127:
4105:
4091:
4084:
4045:
3896:
3743:
3670:
3659:
3595:
3483:
3370:
2947:
2856:
2710:
2685:
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2296:
1865:
1283:
1271:
1128:
921:
792:
609:
339:
30:
6686:
6649:
6630:
6592:
6581:
6378:
6091:
6049:
6031:
6011:
5908:
5622:
5367:
5229:
5056:
5038:
4866:
4833:
4819:
4780:
4554:
4415:
4372:
4365:
4287:
4263:
4216:
4175:
4112:
4098:
3826:
3811:
3638:
3472:
3336:
3304:
3293:
3270:
3232:
3093:
3063:
2987:
2926:
2825:
1975:
1217:
1167:
877:
778:
673:
measured 4.8 metres (16 ft) long and weighed 350 kilograms (770 lb).
525:
487:
433:
399:
335:
299:
235:
2579:
2154:
2107:
1726:
1562:, a new species of Ornithomimidae from the Belly River Formation of Alberta".
593:. Because dinosaur fauna show rapid turnover, it is likely that these younger
6954:
6856:
6574:
6535:
6514:
6393:
6386:
6313:
6107:
6080:
5946:
5863:
5841:
5834:
5827:
5770:
5687:
5550:
5522:
5509:
5433:
5310:
5150:
4984:
4915:
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4788:
4533:
4511:
4504:
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4441:
4393:
4317:
4053:
3844:
3818:
3734:
3715:
3708:
3645:
3624:
3603:
3588:
3574:
3533:
3499:
3492:
3411:
3263:
3150:
3143:
3070:
3040:
3029:
2919:
2890:
2883:
2809:
1287:
1240:
1211:
757:
Original skull of RTMP 1990.026.0001 in A, C and E and restored in B, D and F
586:
558:
343:
319:
68:
2330:(2nd ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 137â150.
2052:
1980:(2nd ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 137â150.
6700:
6638:
6608:
6528:
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6499:
6491:
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6363:
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6058:
5977:
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5806:
5777:
5729:
5558:
5543:
5318:
5250:
5178:
5157:
5136:
4952:
4908:
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4703:
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4461:
4351:
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4296:
4233:
4202:
4195:
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3903:
3755:
3652:
3554:
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3442:
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3362:
3313:
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3022:
2905:
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2869:
2832:
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2304:
2060:
1884:
1188:
1058:
832:
828:
679:
474:
453:
429:
408:
355:
1150:
Reconstructed skull, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels
464:, is known from several skeletons and skulls, In 1916 Osborn also renamed
6865:
6754:
6735:
6665:
6615:
6601:
6543:
6484:
6429:
6306:
6100:
5984:
5953:
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5536:
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5171:
5143:
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5016:
4894:
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4575:
4475:
4422:
4358:
4337:
4310:
4061:
3874:
3867:
3853:
3679:
3526:
3517:
3419:
3390:
3320:
3285:
3278:
3078:
3056:
3049:
3008:
3000:
2976:
2961:
2940:
2848:
2840:
1246:
1223:
957:
855:
820:
766:
549:
375:
367:
110:
43:
2185:
Baur, G. (1891). "Remarks on the reptiles generally called Dinosauria".
6898:
6693:
6622:
6567:
6188:
5995:
5813:
5799:
5784:
5736:
5670:
5596:
5418:
5411:
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5303:
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5081:
5023:
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4518:
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3910:
3860:
3797:
3768:
3723:
3701:
3694:
3686:
3610:
3506:
3465:
3458:
3450:
3434:
3354:
3225:
3101:
2954:
2817:
2676:
2457:
1413:
974:
685:
614:
371:
193:
88:
53:
2536:
The Illustrated Directory of Dinosaurs and other Prehistoric Creatures
2462:
n. gen.,n. sp. (Ornithomimidae) from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia"
1146:
850:
Recognizing the difference between ornithomimids and other theropods,
764:
is a member of the family Ornithomimidae, a group which also includes
692:
536:
478:. In 2016, ROM 1790 was made the holotype of a new genus and species,
6714:
6707:
6407:
6400:
6073:
6065:
6004:
5658:
5376:
4922:
4826:
4561:
4146:
4031:
4018:
3945:
3881:
3804:
3783:
3540:
3403:
3211:
3198:
3116:
2968:
2787:
2774:
2737:
2646:
1539:- A new species of dinosaur from the Edmonton Formation of Alberta".
1267:
1012:
862:
571:
480:
206:
147:
93:
37:
6827:
2527:
2241:
2130:
2083:
1702:
1437:
386:
6850:
6298:
5715:
5708:
5680:
5573:
5073:
4454:
3790:
3617:
3378:
3015:
2694:
2670:
2198:
1163:
709:
650:
441:
403:
351:
180:
167:
83:
78:
63:
58:
48:
2131:"On the affinities and classification of the dinosaurian reptiles"
1465:
Dinosaur Provincial Park: A Spectacular Ancient Ecosystem Revealed
413:, placing them in the same genus as material earlier described by
5848:
5610:
5340:
5243:
4568:
3889:
2455:
1491:
1138:
refers, but would only much later be accepted for all theropods.
843:. However, by the 1990s, there were numerous studies that placed
347:
315:
98:
73:
6885:
2029:
6507:
6195:
3631:
2664:
2602:
157:
1414:"Ostrich dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of Western Canada"
1320:"The diet of ostrich dinosaurs (Theropoda: Ornithomimosauria)"
6932:
5347:
5088:
5030:
722:
425:
331:
2615:
1838:
638:, while another paper the same year considered the specimen
6771:
5390:
2371:
Neues Jahrbuch fĂŒr Geologie und PalĂ€ontologie, Abhandlungen
2003:
1622:
Claessens, L.; Loewen, Mark A. (2015). "A redescription of
1154:
There has been much discussion about the feeding habits of
2274:
1266:, dated to between 78 and 77 million years ago during the
1182:
Mounted reconstructed skeletons depicting the scene of a
2325:
1764:
523:
Parks 1933. These are today seen as either belonging to
362:, is one of the more common, smaller dinosaurs found in
1617:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1609:
2558:
from the Solnhofen Archipelago (Jurassic, Germany)".
1906:. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. p.
2506:
from the Oldman Formation (Cretaceous) of Alberta".
6180:
2476:
1703:"Notice of new reptiles from the Laramie Formation"
1606:
1899:
1467:. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. pp.
1392:Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History
2456:OsmĂłlska H, Roniewicz E & Barsbold R (1972).
626:(named by Marsh in 1892) and later classified as
6952:
6282:
6148:
2359:Paleontological Expedition, 3:68-75 Transactions
2248:
1583:University of Toronto Studies, Geological Series
1463:. In Currie, Phillip J.; Koppelhus, Eva (eds.).
5631:
2439:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1621:
1286:, between 69 and 67.5 million years ago (early
4155:
2709:
2549:
2631:
2255:des Jura-Museums EichstÀtt, EichstÀtt 185-197
2213:
2025:
2023:
1564:University of Toronto Studies, Geology Series
601:, though no new name has been given to them.
5520:
2431:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2352:
1654:
597:specimens represent a species distinct from
394:skeleton (specimen AMNH 5339), found in 1914
4714:
4632:
3754:
2389:
2219:
1948:. New York: Simon & Schuster. pp.
1814:. New York: Simon & Schuster. pp.
1541:Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada
440:to be described as the type genus of a new
6981:Late Cretaceous dinosaurs of North America
2638:
2624:
2502:Russell, D. A. (1969). "A new specimen of
2362:
2319:
2268:
2020:
109:
2560:Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments
2336:10.1525/california/9780520242098.003.0008
2258:
2169:
2122:
2075:
1929:
1927:
1874:
1864:
1694:
1603:. McFarland Press, Jefferson, NC. 1076 pp
1411:
1343:
4029:
3944:
3209:
2785:
1971:
1969:
1665:
1234:
1177:
1145:
831:. In 1891, Baur placed the genus within
752:
691:
649:
642:pending a re-evaluation of both genera.
535:
486:
385:
2501:
1999:
1997:
1451:
1449:
1447:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1317:
721:in 1917, compared the arm to that of a
689:in proportions and anatomical details.
612:and equivalents are larger (similar to
381:
330:, meaning "mimic" or "imitator"), is a
124:Rocky Mountain Dinosaur Resource Center
6953:
2538:(pp. 30â33). Greenwich Editions.
2368:
1924:
1902:The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs
1793:
1626:Marsh, 1890 (Dinosauria, Theropoda)".
1455:
1367:
1311:
1158:. Because of its straight-edged beak,
6832:
6831:
6270:
6269:
5507:
4701:
4016:
3196:
2772:
2657:
2619:
2128:
2081:
1966:
1700:
1580:
1557:
1534:
1407:
1405:
1262:are only known definitively from the
7016:Taxa named by Henry Fairfield Osborn
6938:03BAEA64-B529-4069-7184-FC65FB49D659
2184:
2178:
1994:
1933:
1897:
1799:
1444:
1352:
1300:Timeline of ornithomimosaur research
13:
2508:Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
2495:
2489:. New York: Simon & Schuster.)
2222:Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
1628:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
1494:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
1418:Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
1402:
630:. One 2015 paper by van der Reest
346:. Ornithomimids were long-legged,
14:
7027:
6971:Campanian genus first appearances
5508:
2595:
748:
737:, which had straight beak edges.
540:Cast of BHI 1266, which may be a
326:, or "of the ostrich", and ÎŒáżÎŒÎżÏ/
6812:
6806:
6799:
6251:
6244:
6237:
6231:
5489:
5482:
5477:
5470:
5464:
4702:
4683:
4676:
4669:
3998:
3991:
3984:
3977:
3179:
3173:
2601:
2487:Predatory Dinosaurs of the World
1945:Predatory Dinosaurs of the World
1811:Predatory Dinosaurs of the World
1688:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2008.00791.x
1345:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00448.x
865:follows the 2011 analysis by Xu
134:
41:
2449:
1891:
1832:
1758:
1741:
1230:
1118:
402:found some incomplete remains,
2008:(Theropoda: Ornithomimidae)".
1593:
1574:
1551:
1528:
1485:
799:Just as the fossil remains of
645:
1:
7011:Fossil taxa described in 1917
4017:
3197:
2773:
2645:
2419:10.1016/j.cretres.2010.12.004
1787:10.1016/j.cretres.2015.10.004
1640:10.1080/02724634.2015.1034593
1514:10.1080/02724634.2016.1221415
1305:
803:were incorrectly assigned to
581:A possible second species of
472:. This is today considered a
2297:10.1126/science.266.5183.267
1866:10.1371/journal.pone.0266648
1601:Dinosaurs - The Encyclopedia
1461:"Theropods, Including Birds"
503:named four other species of
7:
2135:American Journal of Science
2088:American Journal of Science
1707:American Journal of Science
1293:
1127:were examined for signs of
717:, describing a skeleton of
436:site in Alberta, prompting
10:
7032:
1537:Struthiomimus brevetertius
1280:Horseshoe Canyon Formation
591:Horseshoe Canyon Formation
509:Struthiomimus brevetertius
354:with toothless beaks. The
6840:
6796:
6753:
6648:
6591:
6562:
6553:
6479:
6470:
6454:
6443:
6353:
6338:
6334:
6323:
6293:
6278:
6265:
6229:
6176:
6144:
6090:
6048:
6021:
5994:
5972:
5963:
5936:
5925:
5896:
5885:
5765:
5761:
5750:
5698:
5669:
5646:
5642:
5620:
5531:
5516:
5503:
5462:
5432:
5366:
5298:
5288:
5284:
5219:
5204:
5195:
5116:
5107:
5055:
5004:
4995:
4951:
4940:
4884:
4861:
4852:
4814:
4810:
4799:
4760:
4749:
4725:
4710:
4697:
4666:
4628:
4585:
4541:
4532:
4494:
4449:
4440:
4402:
4391:
4327:
4286:
4271:
4262:
4246:
4242:
4231:
4185:
4170:
4166:
4144:
4040:
4025:
4012:
3974:
3940:
3843:
3763:
3733:
3669:
3583:
3572:
3516:
3482:
3398:
3389:
3349:
3345:
3334:
3303:
3258:
3254:
3243:
3220:
3205:
3192:
3170:
3135:
3115:
3039:
2995:
2986:
2878:
2867:
2796:
2781:
2768:
2736:
2718:
2705:
2653:
2580:10.1007/s12549-011-0068-y
2383:10.1127/njgpa/210/1998/41
2155:10.2475/ajs.s3-50.300.483
2108:10.2475/ajs.s3-39.233.418
1934:Paul, Gregory S. (1988).
1898:Paul, Gregory S. (2010).
1800:Paul, Gregory S. (1988).
1727:10.2475/ajs.s3-43.257.449
1373:"Skeletal adaptations of
1215:) and tyrannosaurs (e.g.
1195:The legs (hind limbs) of
1055:
1038:
1031:
1009:
1002:
971:
954:
947:
940:
918:
911:
889:
882:
608:specimens from the lower
285:
278:
131:Scientific classification
129:
117:
108:
23:
1318:Barrett, Paul M (2005).
1173:
807:, the larger group that
696:Size comparison between
585:is known from the early
566:(Dollo 1903) Kuhn 1965.
554:Struthiomimus lonzeensis
406:CMN 930, and named them
364:Dinosaur Provincial Park
16:Extinct genus of reptile
7006:Paleontology in Alberta
2187:The American Naturalist
2053:10.1126/science.1225376
1369:Osborn, Henry Fairfield
1141:
1131:, but none were found.
564:Ornithomimus lonzeensis
517:Struthiomimus currellii
6991:Horseshoe Canyon fauna
2552:Compsognathus longipes
2534:Cranfield, I. (2004).
1255:
1192:
1151:
847:within Coelurosauria.
758:
715:Henry Fairfield Osborn
704:
658:
556:. This was probably a
545:
496:
450:Henry Fairfield Osborn
395:
336:ornithomimid dinosaurs
6920:Paleobiology Database
5197:Carcharodontosaurinae
5109:Carcharodontosauridae
2129:Marsh, O. C. (1895).
2082:Marsh, O. C. (1890).
1747:Farlow, J.O., 2001, "
1560:Struthiomimus samueli
1558:Parks, W.A. (1928). "
1535:Parks, W.A. (1926). "
1238:
1181:
1149:
756:
695:
653:
539:
513:Struthiomimus samueli
490:
415:Othniel Charles Marsh
389:
374:, rather than purely
6181:Dubious coelurosaurs
4886:Metriacanthosaurinae
4854:Metriacanthosauridae
3136:Dubious neotheropods
2612:at Wikimedia Commons
2228:(10â11): 2107â2127.
1701:Marsh, O.C. (1892).
654:Life restoration of
628:Struthiomimus sedens
570:comes from the Late
542:Struthiomimus sedens
521:Struthiomimus ingens
501:William Arthur Parks
499:In subsequent years
491:Skeletal diagram of
470:Struthiomimus tenuis
382:History of discovery
5210:Carcharodontosaurus
4997:Carcharodontosauria
2572:2012PdPe...92..119R
2520:1969CaJES...6..595R
2466:Paleontol. Polonica
2460:Gallimimus bullatus
2411:2011CrRes..32..213X
2399:Cretaceous Research
2289:1994Sci...266..267S
2234:1993CaJES..30.2107R
2147:1895AmJS...50..483M
2100:1890AmJS...39..418M
2045:2012Sci...338..510Z
2006:Struthiomimus altus
1857:2022PLoSO..1766648T
1779:2016CrRes..58..108V
1767:Cretaceous Research
1719:1892AmJS...43..449M
1680:2008Palgy..51..983L
1506:2016JVPal..36E1415M
1430:1972CaJES...9..375R
1336:2005Palgy..48..347B
835:. As late as 1993,
634:listed BHI 1266 as
624:Ornithomimus sedens
568:Struthiomimus altus
552:mentioned the name
466:Ornithomimus tenuis
360:Struthiomimus altus
292:Struthiomimus altus
6976:Maastrichtian life
6673:Archaeornithomimus
5186:Veterupristisaurus
5046:Veterupristisaurus
4902:Metriacanthosaurus
4842:Piatnitzkysauridae
4277:Eustreptospondylus
4187:Piatnitzkysauridae
4070:Chuandongocoelurus
2934:Notatesseraeraptor
2556:Juravenator starki
1804:Ornithomimus altus
1624:Ornithomimus velox
1412:Russell D (1972).
1258:Fossil remains of
1256:
1193:
1186:being chased by a
1152:
893:Archaeornithomimus
773:Archaeornithomimus
759:
705:
659:
589:(Edmontonian age)
546:
497:
495:specimen AMNH 5339
396:
318:-mimic" (from the
6961:Fossils of Canada
6948:
6947:
6907:Open Tree of Life
6834:Taxon identifiers
6825:
6824:
6821:
6820:
6794:
6793:
6790:
6789:
6786:
6785:
6782:
6781:
6749:
6748:
6745:
6744:
6555:Macrocheiriformes
6472:Ornithomimosauria
6446:Maniraptoriformes
6439:
6438:
6285:Maniraptoromorpha
6272:Maniraptoromorpha
6261:
6260:
6227:
6226:
6223:
6222:
6219:
6218:
6172:
6171:
6168:
6167:
6150:Maniraptoromorpha
6140:
6139:
6136:
6135:
6132:
6131:
6128:
6127:
6124:
6123:
5881:
5880:
5746:
5745:
5700:Proceratosauridae
5652:Chingkankousaurus
5499:
5498:
5460:
5459:
5456:
5455:
5452:
5451:
5428:
5427:
5280:
5279:
5276:
5275:
5272:
5271:
5268:
5267:
5264:
5263:
5260:
5259:
4936:
4935:
4932:
4931:
4693:
4692:
4664:
4663:
4660:
4659:
4656:
4655:
4652:
4651:
4624:
4623:
4620:
4619:
4616:
4615:
4612:
4611:
4528:
4527:
4484:Vallibonavenatrix
4387:
4386:
4383:
4382:
4227:
4226:
4008:
4007:
3972:
3971:
3968:
3967:
3964:
3963:
3936:
3935:
3932:
3931:
3928:
3927:
3924:
3923:
3920:
3919:
3568:
3567:
3564:
3563:
3330:
3329:
3188:
3187:
3168:
3167:
3164:
3163:
3160:
3159:
3111:
3110:
2764:
2763:
2760:
2759:
2756:
2755:
2606:Media related to
2458:"A new dinosaur,
2283:(5183): 267â271.
2039:(6106): 510â514.
1987:978-0-520-24209-8
1959:978-0-671-61946-6
1917:978-0-691-13720-9
1825:978-0-671-61946-6
1478:978-0-253-34595-0
1457:Currie, Philip J.
1254:in the foreground
1206:Saurornitholestes
1162:may have been an
1115:
1114:
1106:
1105:
1097:
1096:
1088:
1087:
1079:
1078:
1070:
1069:
986:
985:
813:Ornithomimosauria
640:Struthiomimus sp.
481:Rativates evadens
370:or (more likely)
307:
306:
259:
223:Ornithomimosauria
7023:
6986:Hell Creek fauna
6941:
6940:
6928:
6927:
6915:
6914:
6902:
6901:
6889:
6888:
6876:
6875:
6874:
6861:
6860:
6859:
6829:
6828:
6816:
6810:
6803:
6659:Aepyornithomimus
6560:
6559:
6477:
6476:
6452:
6451:
6416:Sinocalliopteryx
6336:
6335:
6332:
6331:
6326:Neocoelurosauria
6291:
6290:
6280:
6279:
6267:
6266:
6255:
6248:
6241:
6235:
6178:
6177:
6146:
6145:
6115:Zhuchengtyrannus
6039:Thanatotheristes
5970:
5969:
5934:
5933:
5902:Appalachiosaurus
5894:
5893:
5763:
5762:
5759:
5758:
5753:Pantyrannosauria
5644:
5643:
5640:
5639:
5634:Tyrannosauroidea
5629:
5628:
5604:Xinjiangovenator
5529:
5528:
5518:
5517:
5505:
5504:
5493:
5486:
5481:
5474:
5468:
5296:
5295:
5286:
5285:
5202:
5201:
5122:Acrocanthosaurus
5114:
5113:
5002:
5001:
4949:
4948:
4875:Yangchuanosaurus
4859:
4858:
4812:
4811:
4808:
4807:
4758:
4757:
4739:Lourinhanosaurus
4723:
4722:
4712:
4711:
4699:
4698:
4687:
4680:
4673:
4630:
4629:
4596:Sigilmassasaurus
4539:
4538:
4496:Ceratosuchopsini
4447:
4446:
4400:
4399:
4345:Dubreuillosaurus
4269:
4268:
4252:Streptospondylus
4244:
4243:
4240:
4239:
4210:Piatnitzkysaurus
4168:
4167:
4164:
4163:
4153:
4152:
4038:
4037:
4027:
4026:
4014:
4013:
4002:
3995:
3988:
3981:
3942:
3941:
3777:Ekrixinatosaurus
3761:
3760:
3752:
3751:
3581:
3580:
3396:
3395:
3347:
3346:
3343:
3342:
3256:
3255:
3252:
3251:
3218:
3217:
3207:
3206:
3194:
3193:
3183:
3177:
3087:Procompsognathus
2993:
2992:
2876:
2875:
2794:
2793:
2783:
2782:
2770:
2769:
2716:
2715:
2707:
2706:
2700:
2699:
2655:
2654:
2640:
2633:
2626:
2617:
2616:
2605:
2591:
2531:
2504:Stenonychosaurus
2490:
2480:
2474:
2473:
2453:
2447:
2443:
2437:
2436:
2430:
2422:
2393:
2387:
2386:
2366:
2360:
2356:
2350:
2349:
2323:
2317:
2316:
2272:
2266:
2262:
2256:
2252:
2246:
2245:
2217:
2211:
2210:
2193:(293): 434â454.
2182:
2176:
2173:
2167:
2166:
2141:(300): 483â498.
2126:
2120:
2119:
2094:(233): 418â426.
2079:
2073:
2072:
2027:
2018:
2017:
2001:
1992:
1991:
1973:
1964:
1963:
1931:
1922:
1921:
1905:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1878:
1868:
1851:(10). e0266648.
1836:
1830:
1829:
1797:
1791:
1790:
1762:
1756:
1749:Acrocanthosaurus
1745:
1739:
1738:
1713:(257): 449â453.
1698:
1692:
1691:
1663:
1652:
1651:
1619:
1604:
1599:Glut, D., 1997,
1597:
1591:
1590:
1578:
1572:
1571:
1555:
1549:
1548:
1532:
1526:
1525:
1489:
1483:
1482:
1453:
1442:
1441:
1409:
1400:
1399:
1389:
1365:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1315:
1264:Oldman Formation
1034:
1033:
1028:
1005:
1004:
999:
950:
949:
943:
942:
937:
914:
913:
908:
885:
884:
873:
872:
852:Rinchen Barsbold
841:Oviraptorosauria
839:was referred to
811:belongs to, the
636:Ornithomimus sp.
576:Oldman Formation
574:(Judithian age)
562:, a mistake for
468:Marsh 1890 into
294:
290:
254:
247:
234:
221:
139:
138:
113:
103:
40:
29:Temporal range:
21:
20:
7031:
7030:
7026:
7025:
7024:
7022:
7021:
7020:
6951:
6950:
6949:
6944:
6936:
6931:
6923:
6918:
6910:
6905:
6897:
6892:
6884:
6879:
6870:
6869:
6864:
6855:
6854:
6849:
6836:
6826:
6817:
6804:
6778:
6741:
6722:Sinornithomimus
6644:
6587:
6549:
6466:
6460:Compsognathidae
6448:
6435:
6423:Sinosauropteryx
6355:Compsognathidae
6349:
6328:
6319:
6287:
6274:
6257:
6256:
6242:
6215:
6210:Shanyangosaurus
6203:Phaedrolosaurus
6164:
6120:
6086:
6044:
6023:Daspletosaurini
6017:
5990:
5965:Tyrannosaurinae
5959:
5938:Albertosaurinae
5930:
5928:Tyrannosauridae
5921:
5890:
5888:Eutyrannosauria
5877:
5755:
5742:
5723:Proceratosaurus
5694:
5665:
5636:
5625:
5616:
5582:Richardoestesia
5566:Chilantaisaurus
5525:
5512:
5495:
5494:
5475:
5448:
5424:
5384:Australovenator
5362:
5356:Chilantaisaurus
5334:Phuwiangvenator
5256:
5221:Giganotosaurini
5215:
5191:
5103:
5066:Chilantaisaurus
5051:
4991:
4945:
4928:
4880:
4848:
4804:
4795:
4773:Monolophosaurus
4754:
4745:
4719:
4706:
4689:
4688:
4674:
4648:
4608:
4581:
4547:Camarillasaurus
4524:
4490:
4436:
4430:Ostafrikasaurus
4408:Camarillasaurus
4396:
4379:
4329:Afrovenatorinae
4323:
4282:
4258:
4236:
4223:
4181:
4160:
4158:Megalosauroidea
4149:
4140:
4135:Vectaerovenator
4128:Szechuanosaurus
4106:Monolophosaurus
4092:Kaijiangosaurus
4085:Cryolophosaurus
4046:Calamospondylus
4034:
4021:
4004:
4003:
3996:
3989:
3982:
3960:
3916:
3897:Pycnonemosaurus
3839:
3750:
3744:Majungasaurinae
3729:
3671:Majungasaurinae
3665:
3660:Xenotarsosaurus
3596:Dryptosauroides
3577:
3560:
3512:
3484:Elaphrosaurinae
3478:
3385:
3371:Ornithomimoides
3339:
3326:
3299:
3248:
3239:
3214:
3201:
3184:
3178:
3156:
3131:
3107:
3035:
2982:
2948:Shuangbaisaurus
2872:
2863:
2790:
2777:
2752:
2732:
2726:Avemetatarsalia
2711:Avemetatarsalia
2701:
2686:Avemetatarsalia
2660:
2659:
2649:
2644:
2598:
2528:10.1139/e69-059
2498:
2496:Further reading
2493:
2481:
2477:
2454:
2450:
2444:
2440:
2424:
2423:
2394:
2390:
2367:
2363:
2357:
2353:
2346:
2324:
2320:
2273:
2269:
2263:
2259:
2253:
2249:
2242:10.1139/e93-183
2218:
2214:
2183:
2179:
2174:
2170:
2127:
2123:
2080:
2076:
2028:
2021:
2002:
1995:
1988:
1974:
1967:
1960:
1932:
1925:
1918:
1896:
1892:
1837:
1833:
1826:
1798:
1794:
1763:
1759:
1746:
1742:
1699:
1695:
1664:
1655:
1620:
1607:
1598:
1594:
1579:
1575:
1556:
1552:
1533:
1529:
1500:(6): e1221415.
1490:
1486:
1479:
1454:
1445:
1438:10.1139/e72-031
1410:
1403:
1387:
1366:
1353:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1296:
1284:Lance Formation
1272:late Cretaceous
1233:
1176:
1144:
1129:stress fracture
1121:
1116:
1107:
1098:
1089:
1080:
1071:
1029:
1026:
1000:
997:
987:
938:
935:
922:Sinornithomimus
909:
906:
793:Sinornithomimus
751:
648:
610:Lance Formation
519:Parks 1933 and
384:
350:, ostrich-like
340:late Cretaceous
303:
296:
288:
287:
274:
253:
245:
232:
219:
133:
104:
102:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
35:
34:
31:Late Cretaceous
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7029:
7019:
7018:
7013:
7008:
7003:
6998:
6993:
6988:
6983:
6978:
6973:
6968:
6963:
6946:
6945:
6943:
6942:
6929:
6916:
6903:
6890:
6877:
6862:
6846:
6844:
6838:
6837:
6823:
6822:
6819:
6818:
6798:
6797:
6795:
6792:
6791:
6788:
6787:
6784:
6783:
6780:
6779:
6777:
6776:
6775:
6774:
6768:
6759:
6757:
6751:
6750:
6747:
6746:
6743:
6742:
6740:
6739:
6732:
6725:
6718:
6711:
6704:
6697:
6690:
6687:Dromiceiomimus
6683:
6676:
6669:
6662:
6654:
6652:
6650:Ornithomimidae
6646:
6645:
6643:
6642:
6635:
6631:Paraxenisaurus
6627:
6619:
6612:
6605:
6597:
6595:
6593:Deinocheiridae
6589:
6588:
6586:
6585:
6582:Shenzhousaurus
6578:
6571:
6563:
6557:
6551:
6550:
6548:
6547:
6540:
6532:
6525:
6518:
6511:
6504:
6496:
6488:
6480:
6474:
6468:
6467:
6465:
6464:
6455:
6449:
6444:
6441:
6440:
6437:
6436:
6434:
6433:
6426:
6419:
6412:
6404:
6397:
6390:
6383:
6379:Beipiaognathus
6375:
6368:
6359:
6357:
6351:
6350:
6348:
6347:
6339:
6329:
6324:
6321:
6320:
6318:
6317:
6310:
6303:
6294:
6288:
6283:
6276:
6275:
6263:
6262:
6259:
6258:
6250:
6236:
6230:
6228:
6225:
6224:
6221:
6220:
6217:
6216:
6214:
6213:
6206:
6199:
6192:
6184:
6182:
6174:
6173:
6170:
6169:
6166:
6165:
6163:
6162:
6161:
6160:
6154:
6152:
6142:
6141:
6138:
6137:
6134:
6133:
6130:
6129:
6126:
6125:
6122:
6121:
6119:
6118:
6111:
6104:
6096:
6094:
6092:Tyrannosaurini
6088:
6087:
6085:
6084:
6077:
6070:
6062:
6054:
6052:
6050:Teratophoneini
6046:
6045:
6043:
6042:
6035:
6032:Daspletosaurus
6027:
6025:
6019:
6018:
6016:
6015:
6012:Qianzhousaurus
6008:
6000:
5998:
5992:
5991:
5989:
5988:
5981:
5973:
5967:
5961:
5960:
5958:
5957:
5950:
5942:
5940:
5931:
5926:
5923:
5922:
5920:
5919:
5912:
5909:Bistahieversor
5905:
5897:
5891:
5886:
5883:
5882:
5879:
5878:
5876:
5875:
5867:
5860:
5853:
5845:
5838:
5831:
5824:
5817:
5810:
5803:
5796:
5789:
5781:
5774:
5766:
5756:
5751:
5748:
5747:
5744:
5743:
5741:
5740:
5733:
5726:
5719:
5712:
5704:
5702:
5696:
5695:
5693:
5692:
5684:
5676:
5674:
5667:
5666:
5664:
5663:
5655:
5647:
5637:
5632:
5626:
5623:Tyrannoraptora
5621:
5618:
5617:
5615:
5614:
5607:
5600:
5593:
5585:
5578:
5570:
5562:
5555:
5547:
5540:
5532:
5526:
5521:
5514:
5513:
5501:
5500:
5497:
5496:
5488:
5469:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5457:
5454:
5453:
5450:
5449:
5447:
5446:
5445:
5444:
5438:
5436:
5430:
5429:
5426:
5425:
5423:
5422:
5415:
5408:
5401:
5394:
5387:
5380:
5372:
5370:
5368:Megaraptoridae
5364:
5363:
5361:
5360:
5352:
5344:
5337:
5330:
5323:
5315:
5307:
5299:
5293:
5282:
5281:
5278:
5277:
5274:
5273:
5270:
5269:
5266:
5265:
5262:
5261:
5258:
5257:
5255:
5254:
5247:
5240:
5233:
5230:Giganotosaurus
5225:
5223:
5217:
5216:
5214:
5213:
5205:
5199:
5193:
5192:
5190:
5189:
5182:
5175:
5168:
5161:
5154:
5147:
5140:
5133:
5125:
5117:
5111:
5105:
5104:
5102:
5101:
5093:
5085:
5078:
5070:
5061:
5059:
5057:Neovenatoridae
5053:
5052:
5050:
5049:
5042:
5039:Ulughbegsaurus
5035:
5027:
5020:
5013:
5005:
4999:
4993:
4992:
4990:
4989:
4981:
4973:
4965:
4957:
4955:
4946:
4941:
4938:
4937:
4934:
4933:
4930:
4929:
4927:
4926:
4919:
4912:
4905:
4898:
4890:
4888:
4882:
4881:
4879:
4878:
4871:
4867:Xuanhanosaurus
4862:
4856:
4850:
4849:
4847:
4846:
4838:
4834:Xuanhanosaurus
4830:
4823:
4820:Asfaltovenator
4815:
4805:
4800:
4797:
4796:
4794:
4793:
4785:
4781:Megalosauridae
4777:
4769:
4761:
4755:
4750:
4747:
4746:
4744:
4743:
4735:
4726:
4720:
4715:
4708:
4707:
4695:
4694:
4691:
4690:
4682:
4668:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4661:
4658:
4657:
4654:
4653:
4650:
4649:
4647:
4646:
4645:
4644:
4638:
4636:
4626:
4625:
4622:
4621:
4618:
4617:
4614:
4613:
4610:
4609:
4607:
4606:
4599:
4591:
4589:
4583:
4582:
4580:
4579:
4572:
4565:
4558:
4555:Ichthyovenator
4551:
4542:
4536:
4530:
4529:
4526:
4525:
4523:
4522:
4515:
4508:
4500:
4498:
4492:
4491:
4489:
4488:
4480:
4472:
4465:
4458:
4450:
4444:
4438:
4437:
4435:
4434:
4426:
4419:
4416:Cristatusaurus
4412:
4403:
4397:
4392:
4389:
4388:
4385:
4384:
4381:
4380:
4378:
4377:
4373:Poekilopleuron
4369:
4366:Piveteausaurus
4362:
4355:
4348:
4341:
4333:
4331:
4325:
4324:
4322:
4321:
4314:
4307:
4300:
4292:
4290:
4288:Megalosaurinae
4284:
4283:
4281:
4280:
4272:
4266:
4264:Megalosauridae
4260:
4259:
4257:
4256:
4247:
4237:
4232:
4229:
4228:
4225:
4224:
4222:
4221:
4217:Xuanhanosaurus
4213:
4206:
4199:
4191:
4189:
4183:
4182:
4180:
4179:
4176:Yunyangosaurus
4171:
4161:
4156:
4150:
4145:
4142:
4141:
4139:
4138:
4131:
4124:
4116:
4113:Pandoravenator
4109:
4102:
4099:Kayentavenator
4095:
4088:
4081:
4073:
4066:
4058:
4050:
4041:
4035:
4030:
4023:
4022:
4010:
4009:
4006:
4005:
3997:
3990:
3983:
3976:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3969:
3966:
3965:
3962:
3961:
3959:
3958:
3957:
3956:
3950:
3948:
3938:
3937:
3934:
3933:
3930:
3929:
3926:
3925:
3922:
3921:
3918:
3917:
3915:
3914:
3907:
3900:
3893:
3886:
3878:
3871:
3864:
3857:
3849:
3847:
3841:
3840:
3838:
3837:
3830:
3827:Skorpiovenator
3823:
3815:
3808:
3801:
3794:
3787:
3780:
3773:
3764:
3758:
3749:
3748:
3739:
3737:
3731:
3730:
3728:
3727:
3720:
3712:
3705:
3698:
3691:
3683:
3675:
3673:
3667:
3666:
3664:
3663:
3656:
3649:
3642:
3639:Spectrovenator
3635:
3628:
3621:
3614:
3607:
3600:
3592:
3584:
3578:
3573:
3570:
3569:
3566:
3565:
3562:
3561:
3559:
3558:
3551:
3544:
3537:
3530:
3522:
3520:
3514:
3513:
3511:
3510:
3503:
3496:
3488:
3486:
3480:
3479:
3477:
3476:
3473:Spinostropheus
3469:
3462:
3455:
3447:
3439:
3431:
3423:
3416:
3408:
3399:
3393:
3387:
3386:
3384:
3383:
3375:
3367:
3359:
3350:
3340:
3337:Abelisauroidea
3335:
3332:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3324:
3317:
3309:
3307:
3305:Ceratosauridae
3301:
3300:
3298:
3297:
3294:Saltriovenator
3290:
3282:
3275:
3271:Fosterovenator
3267:
3259:
3249:
3244:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3237:
3233:Lophostropheus
3229:
3221:
3215:
3210:
3203:
3202:
3190:
3189:
3186:
3185:
3172:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3165:
3162:
3161:
3158:
3157:
3155:
3154:
3147:
3139:
3137:
3133:
3132:
3130:
3129:
3128:
3127:
3121:
3119:
3113:
3112:
3109:
3108:
3106:
3105:
3098:
3094:Pterospondylus
3090:
3083:
3075:
3067:
3064:Lucianovenator
3060:
3053:
3045:
3043:
3037:
3036:
3034:
3033:
3026:
3019:
3012:
3005:
2996:
2990:
2988:Coelophysoidea
2984:
2983:
2981:
2980:
2973:
2965:
2958:
2951:
2944:
2937:
2930:
2927:Lophostropheus
2923:
2916:
2909:
2902:
2895:
2887:
2879:
2873:
2868:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2861:
2853:
2845:
2837:
2829:
2826:Erythrovenator
2822:
2814:
2806:
2797:
2791:
2786:
2779:
2778:
2766:
2765:
2762:
2761:
2758:
2757:
2754:
2753:
2751:
2750:
2749:
2748:
2742:
2740:
2734:
2733:
2731:
2730:
2729:
2728:
2719:
2713:
2703:
2702:
2698:
2697:
2688:
2679:
2673:
2667:
2651:
2650:
2643:
2642:
2635:
2628:
2620:
2614:
2613:
2597:
2596:External links
2594:
2593:
2592:
2566:(1): 119â168.
2547:
2532:
2514:(4): 595â612.
2497:
2494:
2492:
2491:
2475:
2448:
2438:
2405:(2): 213â222.
2388:
2361:
2351:
2344:
2328:The Dinosauria
2318:
2267:
2257:
2247:
2212:
2199:10.1086/275329
2177:
2168:
2121:
2074:
2019:
1993:
1986:
1978:The Dinosauria
1965:
1958:
1923:
1916:
1890:
1831:
1824:
1792:
1757:
1740:
1693:
1674:(4): 983â997.
1653:
1605:
1592:
1573:
1550:
1527:
1484:
1477:
1443:
1424:(4): 375â402.
1401:
1351:
1330:(2): 347â358.
1309:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1302:
1295:
1292:
1232:
1229:
1218:Daspletosaurus
1175:
1172:
1143:
1140:
1120:
1117:
1113:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1104:
1103:
1100:
1099:
1095:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1077:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1037:
1032:
1030:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1008:
1003:
1001:
996:
993:
992:
989:
988:
984:
983:
980:
979:
970:
967:
966:
963:
962:
953:
948:
946:
941:
939:
934:
931:
930:
927:
926:
917:
912:
910:
905:
902:
901:
898:
897:
888:
883:
881:
878:Ornithomimidae
871:
779:Dromiceiomimus
750:
749:Classification
747:
647:
644:
526:Dromiceiomimus
434:Red Deer River
400:Lawrence Lambe
383:
380:
305:
304:
297:
283:
282:
276:
275:
267:
265:
261:
260:
243:
239:
238:
236:Ornithomimidae
230:
226:
225:
217:
210:
209:
204:
197:
196:
191:
184:
183:
178:
171:
170:
165:
161:
160:
155:
151:
150:
145:
141:
140:
127:
126:
115:
114:
106:
105:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
42:
28:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7028:
7017:
7014:
7012:
7009:
7007:
7004:
7002:
6999:
6997:
6994:
6992:
6989:
6987:
6984:
6982:
6979:
6977:
6974:
6972:
6969:
6967:
6966:Ornithomimids
6964:
6962:
6959:
6958:
6956:
6939:
6934:
6930:
6926:
6921:
6917:
6913:
6908:
6904:
6900:
6895:
6891:
6887:
6882:
6878:
6873:
6872:Struthiomimus
6867:
6863:
6858:
6852:
6848:
6847:
6845:
6843:
6842:Struthiomimus
6839:
6835:
6830:
6815:
6811:
6809:
6802:
6773:
6769:
6767:
6763:
6762:
6761:
6760:
6758:
6756:
6752:
6738:
6737:
6733:
6731:
6730:
6729:Struthiomimus
6726:
6724:
6723:
6719:
6717:
6716:
6712:
6710:
6709:
6705:
6703:
6702:
6698:
6696:
6695:
6691:
6689:
6688:
6684:
6682:
6681:
6680:"Coelosaurus"
6677:
6675:
6674:
6670:
6668:
6667:
6663:
6661:
6660:
6656:
6655:
6653:
6651:
6647:
6641:
6640:
6636:
6633:
6632:
6628:
6625:
6624:
6620:
6618:
6617:
6613:
6611:
6610:
6606:
6604:
6603:
6599:
6598:
6596:
6594:
6590:
6584:
6583:
6579:
6577:
6576:
6575:Pelecanimimus
6572:
6570:
6569:
6565:
6564:
6561:
6558:
6556:
6552:
6546:
6545:
6541:
6538:
6537:
6536:Thecocoelurus
6533:
6531:
6530:
6526:
6524:
6523:
6519:
6517:
6516:
6515:Kinnareemimus
6512:
6510:
6509:
6505:
6502:
6501:
6497:
6494:
6493:
6489:
6487:
6486:
6482:
6481:
6478:
6475:
6473:
6469:
6462:
6461:
6457:
6456:
6453:
6450:
6447:
6442:
6432:
6431:
6427:
6425:
6424:
6420:
6418:
6417:
6413:
6410:
6409:
6405:
6403:
6402:
6398:
6396:
6395:
6394:Huaxiagnathus
6391:
6389:
6388:
6387:Compsognathus
6384:
6381:
6380:
6376:
6374:
6373:
6369:
6366:
6365:
6361:
6360:
6358:
6356:
6352:
6346:
6345:
6341:
6340:
6337:
6333:
6330:
6327:
6322:
6316:
6315:
6314:Ornitholestes
6311:
6309:
6308:
6304:
6301:
6300:
6296:
6295:
6292:
6289:
6286:
6281:
6277:
6273:
6268:
6264:
6254:
6249:
6247:
6240:
6234:
6212:
6211:
6207:
6205:
6204:
6200:
6198:
6197:
6193:
6191:
6190:
6186:
6185:
6183:
6179:
6175:
6158:
6157:
6156:
6155:
6153:
6151:
6147:
6143:
6117:
6116:
6112:
6110:
6109:
6108:Tyrannosaurus
6105:
6103:
6102:
6098:
6097:
6095:
6093:
6089:
6083:
6082:
6081:Teratophoneus
6078:
6076:
6075:
6071:
6068:
6067:
6063:
6061:
6060:
6056:
6055:
6053:
6051:
6047:
6041:
6040:
6036:
6034:
6033:
6029:
6028:
6026:
6024:
6020:
6014:
6013:
6009:
6007:
6006:
6002:
6001:
5999:
5997:
5993:
5987:
5986:
5982:
5980:
5979:
5975:
5974:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5962:
5956:
5955:
5951:
5949:
5948:
5947:Albertosaurus
5944:
5943:
5941:
5939:
5935:
5932:
5929:
5924:
5918:
5917:
5913:
5911:
5910:
5906:
5904:
5903:
5899:
5898:
5895:
5892:
5889:
5884:
5873:
5872:
5868:
5866:
5865:
5864:Xiongguanlong
5861:
5859:
5858:
5854:
5851:
5850:
5846:
5844:
5843:
5842:Suskityrannus
5839:
5837:
5836:
5835:Stokesosaurus
5832:
5830:
5829:
5828:Santanaraptor
5825:
5823:
5822:
5818:
5816:
5815:
5811:
5809:
5808:
5804:
5802:
5801:
5797:
5795:
5794:
5790:
5787:
5786:
5782:
5780:
5779:
5775:
5773:
5772:
5771:Alectrosaurus
5768:
5767:
5764:
5760:
5757:
5754:
5749:
5739:
5738:
5734:
5732:
5731:
5727:
5725:
5724:
5720:
5718:
5717:
5713:
5711:
5710:
5706:
5705:
5703:
5701:
5697:
5690:
5689:
5688:Tanycolagreus
5685:
5683:
5682:
5678:
5677:
5675:
5672:
5668:
5661:
5660:
5656:
5654:
5653:
5649:
5648:
5645:
5641:
5638:
5635:
5630:
5627:
5624:
5619:
5613:
5612:
5608:
5606:
5605:
5601:
5599:
5598:
5594:
5591:
5590:
5586:
5584:
5583:
5579:
5576:
5575:
5571:
5568:
5567:
5563:
5561:
5560:
5556:
5553:
5552:
5551:Bahariasaurus
5548:
5546:
5545:
5541:
5539:
5538:
5534:
5533:
5530:
5527:
5524:
5523:Coelurosauria
5519:
5515:
5511:
5510:Coelurosauria
5506:
5502:
5492:
5487:
5485:
5480:
5473:
5467:
5442:
5441:
5440:
5439:
5437:
5435:
5434:Coelurosauria
5431:
5421:
5420:
5416:
5414:
5413:
5409:
5407:
5406:
5402:
5400:
5399:
5395:
5393:
5392:
5388:
5386:
5385:
5381:
5379:
5378:
5374:
5373:
5371:
5369:
5365:
5359:
5357:
5353:
5351:
5349:
5345:
5343:
5342:
5338:
5336:
5335:
5331:
5329:
5328:
5324:
5321:
5320:
5316:
5313:
5312:
5311:Bahariasaurus
5308:
5306:
5305:
5301:
5300:
5297:
5294:
5291:
5287:
5283:
5253:
5252:
5248:
5246:
5245:
5241:
5239:
5238:
5234:
5232:
5231:
5227:
5226:
5224:
5222:
5218:
5212:
5211:
5207:
5206:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5194:
5188:
5187:
5183:
5181:
5180:
5176:
5174:
5173:
5169:
5167:
5166:
5162:
5160:
5159:
5155:
5153:
5152:
5151:Kelmayisaurus
5148:
5146:
5145:
5141:
5139:
5138:
5134:
5131:
5130:
5126:
5124:
5123:
5119:
5118:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5106:
5099:
5098:
5094:
5091:
5090:
5086:
5084:
5083:
5079:
5076:
5075:
5071:
5068:
5067:
5063:
5062:
5060:
5058:
5054:
5048:
5047:
5043:
5041:
5040:
5036:
5033:
5032:
5028:
5026:
5025:
5021:
5019:
5018:
5014:
5012:
5011:
5007:
5006:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4994:
4987:
4986:
4985:Saurophaganax
4982:
4979:
4978:
4974:
4971:
4970:
4966:
4964:
4963:
4959:
4958:
4956:
4954:
4950:
4947:
4944:
4939:
4925:
4924:
4920:
4918:
4917:
4916:Siamotyrannus
4913:
4911:
4910:
4906:
4904:
4903:
4899:
4897:
4896:
4892:
4891:
4889:
4887:
4883:
4877:
4876:
4872:
4869:
4868:
4864:
4863:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4851:
4844:
4843:
4839:
4836:
4835:
4831:
4829:
4828:
4824:
4822:
4821:
4817:
4816:
4813:
4809:
4806:
4803:
4802:Allosauroidea
4798:
4791:
4790:
4789:Spinosauridae
4786:
4783:
4782:
4778:
4775:
4774:
4770:
4768:
4767:
4763:
4762:
4759:
4756:
4753:
4748:
4741:
4740:
4736:
4733:
4732:
4728:
4727:
4724:
4721:
4718:
4713:
4709:
4705:
4700:
4696:
4686:
4681:
4679:
4672:
4642:
4641:
4640:
4639:
4637:
4635:
4631:
4627:
4605:
4604:
4600:
4598:
4597:
4593:
4592:
4590:
4588:
4584:
4578:
4577:
4573:
4571:
4570:
4566:
4564:
4563:
4559:
4557:
4556:
4552:
4549:
4548:
4544:
4543:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4534:Spinosaurinae
4531:
4521:
4520:
4516:
4514:
4513:
4512:Riparovenator
4509:
4507:
4506:
4505:Ceratosuchops
4502:
4501:
4499:
4497:
4493:
4486:
4485:
4481:
4478:
4477:
4473:
4471:
4470:
4469:Riojavenatrix
4466:
4464:
4463:
4459:
4457:
4456:
4452:
4451:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4442:Baryonychinae
4439:
4432:
4431:
4427:
4425:
4424:
4420:
4418:
4417:
4413:
4410:
4409:
4405:
4404:
4401:
4398:
4395:
4394:Spinosauridae
4390:
4375:
4374:
4370:
4368:
4367:
4363:
4361:
4360:
4356:
4354:
4353:
4349:
4347:
4346:
4342:
4340:
4339:
4335:
4334:
4332:
4330:
4326:
4320:
4319:
4318:Wiehenvenator
4315:
4313:
4312:
4308:
4306:
4305:
4301:
4299:
4298:
4294:
4293:
4291:
4289:
4285:
4279:
4278:
4274:
4273:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4261:
4254:
4253:
4249:
4248:
4245:
4241:
4238:
4235:
4230:
4219:
4218:
4214:
4212:
4211:
4207:
4205:
4204:
4200:
4198:
4197:
4193:
4192:
4190:
4188:
4184:
4178:
4177:
4173:
4172:
4169:
4165:
4162:
4159:
4154:
4151:
4148:
4143:
4137:
4136:
4132:
4130:
4129:
4125:
4122:
4121:
4117:
4115:
4114:
4110:
4108:
4107:
4103:
4101:
4100:
4096:
4094:
4093:
4089:
4087:
4086:
4082:
4079:
4078:
4074:
4072:
4071:
4067:
4064:
4063:
4059:
4056:
4055:
4054:Chienkosaurus
4051:
4048:
4047:
4043:
4042:
4039:
4036:
4033:
4028:
4024:
4020:
4015:
4011:
4001:
3994:
3987:
3980:
3954:
3953:
3952:
3951:
3949:
3947:
3943:
3939:
3913:
3912:
3908:
3906:
3905:
3901:
3899:
3898:
3894:
3892:
3891:
3887:
3884:
3883:
3879:
3877:
3876:
3872:
3870:
3869:
3865:
3863:
3862:
3858:
3856:
3855:
3851:
3850:
3848:
3846:
3845:Furileusauria
3842:
3836:
3835:
3831:
3829:
3828:
3824:
3821:
3820:
3819:Rahiolisaurus
3816:
3814:
3813:
3809:
3807:
3806:
3802:
3800:
3799:
3795:
3793:
3792:
3788:
3786:
3785:
3781:
3779:
3778:
3774:
3771:
3770:
3766:
3765:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3753:
3746:
3745:
3741:
3740:
3738:
3736:
3735:Carnotaurinae
3732:
3726:
3725:
3721:
3718:
3717:
3716:Rahiolisaurus
3713:
3711:
3710:
3709:Majungasaurus
3706:
3704:
3703:
3699:
3697:
3696:
3692:
3689:
3688:
3684:
3682:
3681:
3677:
3676:
3674:
3672:
3668:
3662:
3661:
3657:
3655:
3654:
3650:
3648:
3647:
3646:Tarascosaurus
3643:
3641:
3640:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3629:
3627:
3626:
3622:
3620:
3619:
3615:
3613:
3612:
3608:
3606:
3605:
3604:Eoabelisaurus
3601:
3598:
3597:
3593:
3591:
3590:
3589:Chenanisaurus
3586:
3585:
3582:
3579:
3576:
3575:Abelisauridae
3571:
3557:
3556:
3552:
3550:
3549:
3545:
3543:
3542:
3538:
3536:
3535:
3534:Masiakasaurus
3531:
3529:
3528:
3524:
3523:
3521:
3519:
3515:
3509:
3508:
3504:
3502:
3501:
3500:Huinculsaurus
3497:
3495:
3494:
3493:Elaphrosaurus
3490:
3489:
3487:
3485:
3481:
3475:
3474:
3470:
3468:
3467:
3463:
3461:
3460:
3456:
3453:
3452:
3448:
3445:
3444:
3440:
3437:
3436:
3432:
3429:
3428:
3424:
3422:
3421:
3417:
3414:
3413:
3412:Austrocheirus
3409:
3406:
3405:
3401:
3400:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3388:
3381:
3380:
3376:
3373:
3372:
3368:
3365:
3364:
3360:
3357:
3356:
3352:
3351:
3348:
3344:
3341:
3338:
3333:
3323:
3322:
3318:
3316:
3315:
3311:
3310:
3308:
3306:
3302:
3296:
3295:
3291:
3288:
3287:
3283:
3281:
3280:
3276:
3273:
3272:
3268:
3266:
3265:
3264:Berberosaurus
3261:
3260:
3257:
3253:
3250:
3247:
3242:
3235:
3234:
3230:
3228:
3227:
3223:
3222:
3219:
3216:
3213:
3208:
3204:
3200:
3195:
3191:
3182:
3176:
3153:
3152:
3151:Halticosaurus
3148:
3146:
3145:
3144:Teinurosaurus
3141:
3140:
3138:
3134:
3125:
3124:
3123:
3122:
3120:
3118:
3114:
3104:
3103:
3099:
3096:
3095:
3091:
3089:
3088:
3084:
3081:
3080:
3076:
3073:
3072:
3071:Megapnosaurus
3068:
3066:
3065:
3061:
3059:
3058:
3054:
3052:
3051:
3047:
3046:
3044:
3042:
3041:Coelophysidae
3038:
3032:
3031:
3030:Powellvenator
3027:
3025:
3024:
3020:
3018:
3017:
3013:
3011:
3010:
3006:
3003:
3002:
2998:
2997:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2985:
2979:
2978:
2974:
2971:
2970:
2966:
2964:
2963:
2959:
2957:
2956:
2952:
2950:
2949:
2945:
2943:
2942:
2938:
2936:
2935:
2931:
2929:
2928:
2924:
2922:
2921:
2920:Liliensternus
2917:
2915:
2914:
2910:
2908:
2907:
2903:
2901:
2900:
2896:
2893:
2892:
2891:Dolichosuchus
2888:
2886:
2885:
2884:Dilophosaurus
2881:
2880:
2877:
2874:
2871:
2866:
2859:
2858:
2857:Herrerasauria
2854:
2851:
2850:
2846:
2843:
2842:
2838:
2835:
2834:
2830:
2828:
2827:
2823:
2820:
2819:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2810:Daemonosaurus
2807:
2804:
2803:
2799:
2798:
2795:
2792:
2789:
2784:
2780:
2776:
2771:
2767:
2746:
2745:
2744:
2743:
2741:
2739:
2735:
2727:
2723:
2722:
2721:
2720:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2696:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2674:
2672:
2668:
2666:
2662:
2661:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2641:
2636:
2634:
2629:
2627:
2622:
2621:
2618:
2611:
2610:
2609:Struthiomimus
2604:
2600:
2599:
2589:
2585:
2581:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2565:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2548:
2545:
2544:0-86288-662-7
2541:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2500:
2499:
2488:
2484:
2479:
2471:
2467:
2463:
2461:
2452:
2442:
2434:
2428:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2392:
2384:
2380:
2376:
2372:
2365:
2355:
2347:
2345:9780520242098
2341:
2337:
2333:
2329:
2322:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2271:
2261:
2251:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2216:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2181:
2172:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2125:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2078:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2026:
2024:
2015:
2011:
2010:Palaeontology
2007:
2000:
1998:
1989:
1983:
1979:
1972:
1970:
1961:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1946:
1941:
1939:
1930:
1928:
1919:
1913:
1909:
1904:
1903:
1894:
1886:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1835:
1827:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1812:
1807:
1805:
1796:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1761:
1755:. pp. 408-427
1754:
1750:
1744:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1697:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1668:Palaeontology
1662:
1660:
1658:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1602:
1596:
1588:
1584:
1577:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1554:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1531:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1488:
1480:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1408:
1406:
1397:
1393:
1386:
1384:
1383:Tyrannosaurus
1380:
1379:Struthiomimus
1376:
1375:Ornitholestes
1370:
1364:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1356:
1346:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1324:Palaeontology
1321:
1314:
1310:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1291:
1289:
1288:Maastrichtian
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1270:stage of the
1269:
1265:
1261:
1253:
1252:Struthiomimus
1249:
1248:
1243:
1242:
1241:Albertosaurus
1237:
1228:
1226:
1225:
1220:
1219:
1214:
1213:
1212:Dromaeosaurus
1208:
1207:
1202:
1201:Struthiomimus
1198:
1197:Struthiomimus
1191:
1190:
1185:
1184:Struthiomimus
1180:
1171:
1169:
1168:filter feeder
1165:
1161:
1160:Struthiomimus
1157:
1156:Struthiomimus
1148:
1139:
1136:
1135:Struthiomimus
1132:
1130:
1126:
1125:Struthiomimus
1111:
1110:
1102:
1101:
1093:
1092:
1084:
1083:
1075:
1074:
1066:
1065:
1062:
1061:
1060:
1053:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1043:
1042:Struthiomimus
1036:
1035:
1024:
1023:
1020:
1019:
1016:
1015:
1014:
1007:
1006:
995:
994:
991:
990:
982:
981:
978:
977:
976:
969:
968:
965:
964:
961:
960:
959:
952:
951:
945:
944:
933:
932:
929:
928:
925:
924:
923:
916:
915:
904:
903:
900:
899:
896:
895:
894:
887:
886:
880:
879:
875:
874:
870:
868:
864:
859:
857:
853:
848:
846:
845:Struthiomimus
842:
838:
837:Struthiomimus
834:
830:
826:
825:Struthiomimus
822:
818:
817:Struthiomimus
814:
810:
809:Struthiomimus
806:
802:
801:Struthiomimus
797:
795:
794:
789:
785:
781:
780:
775:
774:
769:
768:
763:
762:Struthiomimus
755:
746:
744:
740:
739:Struthiomimus
736:
732:
731:Struthiomimus
728:
727:Struthiomimus
724:
720:
716:
711:
703:
699:
694:
690:
688:
687:
682:
681:
676:
675:Struthiomimus
672:
668:
664:
657:
652:
643:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
616:
611:
607:
606:Struthiomimus
602:
600:
596:
595:Struthiomimus
592:
588:
587:Maastrichtian
584:
583:Struthiomimus
579:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
560:
559:lapsus calami
555:
551:
543:
538:
534:
532:
528:
527:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
505:Struthiomimus
502:
494:
489:
485:
483:
482:
477:
476:
471:
467:
463:
459:
458:Struthiomimus
455:
451:
447:
446:Struthiomimus
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
420:
419:specific name
417:in 1890. The
416:
412:
410:
405:
401:
393:
388:
379:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
344:North America
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
312:
311:Struthiomimus
301:
295:
293:
284:
281:
280:Binomial name
277:
273:
272:
271:S. altus
266:
263:
262:
257:
252:
251:
250:Struthiomimus
244:
241:
240:
237:
231:
228:
227:
224:
218:
215:
212:
211:
208:
205:
202:
199:
198:
195:
192:
189:
186:
185:
182:
179:
176:
173:
172:
169:
166:
163:
162:
159:
156:
153:
152:
149:
146:
143:
142:
137:
132:
128:
125:
121:
116:
112:
107:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
45:
39:
32:
26:
25:Struthiomimus
22:
19:
7001:Oldman fauna
6841:
6805:
6734:
6728:
6727:
6720:
6713:
6706:
6701:Ornithomimus
6699:
6692:
6685:
6678:
6671:
6664:
6657:
6639:Tyrannomimus
6637:
6629:
6621:
6614:
6609:Deinocheirus
6607:
6600:
6580:
6573:
6566:
6542:
6534:
6529:Nqwebasaurus
6527:
6522:Nedcolbertia
6520:
6513:
6506:
6500:Calamosaurus
6498:
6492:Aviatyrannis
6490:
6483:
6458:
6428:
6421:
6414:
6406:
6399:
6392:
6385:
6377:
6372:Aristosuchus
6370:
6364:Aniksosaurus
6362:
6344:Aniksosaurus
6342:
6312:
6305:
6297:
6243:
6208:
6201:
6194:
6187:
6113:
6106:
6099:
6079:
6072:
6064:
6059:Dynamoterror
6057:
6037:
6030:
6010:
6003:
5983:
5978:Asiatyrannus
5976:
5952:
5945:
5916:Dryptosaurus
5914:
5907:
5900:
5869:
5862:
5855:
5847:
5840:
5833:
5826:
5819:
5812:
5807:Jinbeisaurus
5805:
5798:
5791:
5783:
5778:Aviatyrannis
5776:
5769:
5735:
5730:Sinotyrannus
5728:
5721:
5714:
5707:
5686:
5679:
5657:
5650:
5609:
5602:
5595:
5587:
5580:
5572:
5564:
5559:Bicentenaria
5557:
5549:
5544:Asiamericana
5542:
5535:
5476:
5417:
5410:
5403:
5396:
5389:
5382:
5375:
5354:
5346:
5339:
5332:
5325:
5319:Deltadromeus
5317:
5309:
5302:
5251:Tyrannotitan
5249:
5242:
5235:
5228:
5208:
5184:
5179:Taurovenator
5177:
5170:
5163:
5158:Lajasvenator
5156:
5149:
5142:
5137:Concavenator
5135:
5127:
5120:
5095:
5087:
5080:
5072:
5064:
5044:
5037:
5029:
5022:
5015:
5008:
4983:
4975:
4967:
4960:
4953:Allosauridae
4921:
4914:
4909:Shidaisaurus
4907:
4900:
4893:
4873:
4865:
4840:
4832:
4825:
4818:
4787:
4779:
4771:
4764:
4737:
4729:
4717:Avetheropoda
4704:Avetheropoda
4675:
4634:Avetheropoda
4601:
4594:
4587:Spinosaurini
4574:
4567:
4560:
4553:
4545:
4517:
4510:
4503:
4482:
4474:
4467:
4462:Protathlitis
4460:
4453:
4428:
4421:
4414:
4406:
4371:
4364:
4357:
4352:Leshansaurus
4350:
4343:
4336:
4316:
4309:
4304:Megalosaurus
4302:
4297:Duriavenator
4295:
4275:
4250:
4234:Megalosauria
4215:
4208:
4203:Marshosaurus
4201:
4196:Condorraptor
4194:
4174:
4133:
4126:
4118:
4111:
4104:
4097:
4090:
4083:
4077:Cruxicheiros
4075:
4068:
4060:
4052:
4044:
3909:
3904:Quilmesaurus
3902:
3895:
3888:
3880:
3873:
3866:
3859:
3852:
3832:
3825:
3817:
3810:
3803:
3796:
3789:
3782:
3775:
3767:
3756:Brachyrostra
3742:
3722:
3714:
3707:
3700:
3693:
3685:
3678:
3658:
3653:Tralkasaurus
3651:
3644:
3637:
3630:
3623:
3616:
3609:
3602:
3594:
3587:
3555:Vespersaurus
3553:
3548:Velocisaurus
3546:
3539:
3532:
3525:
3505:
3498:
3491:
3471:
3464:
3457:
3449:
3443:Deltadromeus
3441:
3433:
3427:Compsosuchus
3425:
3418:
3410:
3402:
3377:
3369:
3363:Lametasaurus
3361:
3353:
3319:
3314:Ceratosaurus
3312:
3292:
3284:
3277:
3269:
3262:
3246:Ceratosauria
3231:
3224:
3149:
3142:
3100:
3092:
3085:
3077:
3069:
3062:
3055:
3048:
3028:
3023:Podokesaurus
3021:
3014:
3007:
2999:
2975:
2967:
2960:
2953:
2946:
2939:
2932:
2925:
2918:
2911:
2906:Gojirasaurus
2904:
2899:Dracovenator
2897:
2889:
2882:
2870:Neotheropoda
2855:
2847:
2839:
2833:Guaibasaurus
2831:
2824:
2816:
2808:
2802:Chindesaurus
2800:
2690:
2681:
2608:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2535:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2486:
2478:
2469:
2465:
2459:
2451:
2441:
2427:cite journal
2402:
2398:
2391:
2377:(1): 41â83.
2374:
2370:
2364:
2354:
2327:
2321:
2280:
2276:
2270:
2260:
2250:
2225:
2221:
2215:
2190:
2186:
2180:
2171:
2138:
2134:
2124:
2091:
2087:
2077:
2036:
2032:
2013:
2009:
2005:
1977:
1944:
1938:Ornithomimus
1937:
1901:
1893:
1848:
1844:
1834:
1810:
1803:
1795:
1770:
1766:
1760:
1752:
1748:
1743:
1710:
1709:. Series 3.
1706:
1696:
1671:
1667:
1634:: e1034593.
1631:
1627:
1623:
1600:
1595:
1586:
1582:
1576:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1553:
1544:
1543:. Series 3.
1540:
1536:
1530:
1497:
1493:
1487:
1464:
1421:
1417:
1395:
1391:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1327:
1323:
1313:
1275:
1259:
1257:
1251:
1245:
1239:
1231:Paleoecology
1222:
1216:
1210:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1194:
1189:Dakotaraptor
1187:
1183:
1159:
1155:
1153:
1134:
1133:
1124:
1122:
1119:Paleobiology
1059:Ornithomimus
1057:
1056:
1041:
1040:
1039:
1011:
1010:
973:
972:
956:
955:
920:
919:
891:
890:
876:
866:
860:
849:
844:
836:
833:Iguanodontia
829:Ceratosauria
824:
816:
808:
805:Ornithomimus
804:
800:
798:
791:
788:Ornithomimus
787:
783:
777:
771:
765:
761:
760:
743:Ornithomimus
742:
738:
735:Ornithomimus
734:
730:
726:
718:
706:
701:
697:
684:
680:Ornithomimus
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
661:The size of
660:
655:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
620:Ornithomimus
619:
613:
605:
603:
598:
594:
582:
580:
567:
563:
557:
553:
547:
541:
531:Ornithomimus
530:
524:
520:
516:
515:Parks 1928,
512:
511:Parks 1926,
508:
504:
498:
492:
479:
475:nomen dubium
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
454:Dale Russell
445:
437:
430:Barnum Brown
421:
409:Ornithomimus
407:
397:
391:
359:
356:type species
327:
323:
310:
309:
308:
291:
286:
270:
269:
249:
248:
213:
200:
187:
174:
119:
24:
18:
6996:Lance fauna
6866:Wikispecies
6766:Maniraptora
6755:Maniraptora
6736:Tototlmimus
6666:Anserimimus
6616:Garudimimus
6602:Beishanlong
6544:Valdoraptor
6485:Arkansaurus
6430:Xunmenglong
6307:Juravenator
6101:Tarbosaurus
5985:Nanuqsaurus
5954:Gorgosaurus
5871:Megaraptora
5857:Timurlengia
5589:Sciurumimus
5537:Aratasaurus
5405:Murusraptor
5327:Fukuiraptor
5290:Megaraptora
5172:Shaochilong
5144:Eocarcharia
5097:Megaraptora
5017:Lusovenator
4895:Alpkarakush
4752:Carnosauria
4603:Spinosaurus
4576:Siamosaurus
4476:Suchosaurus
4423:Iberospinus
4359:Magnosaurus
4338:Afrovenator
4311:Torvosaurus
4062:Chilesaurus
3875:Carnotaurus
3868:Caletodraco
3854:Abelisaurus
3680:Arcovenator
3527:Laevisuchus
3518:Noasaurinae
3420:Berthasaura
3391:Noasauridae
3321:Genyodectes
3286:Lukousaurus
3279:Jubbulpuria
3079:Panguraptor
3057:Coelophysis
3050:Camposaurus
3009:Panguraptor
3001:Dracoraptor
2977:Zupaysaurus
2962:Tachiraptor
2941:Sarcosaurus
2841:Nhandumirim
1773:: 108â117.
1547:(4): 65â70.
1247:Saurolophus
1224:Gorgosaurus
958:Anserimimus
856:Paul Sereno
821:Ornithopoda
767:Anserimimus
671:"S." sedens
646:Description
604:Additional
550:Donald Glut
376:carnivorous
368:herbivorous
324:stroutheios
322:ÏÏÏÎżÏΞΔÎčÎżÏ/
314:, meaning "
118:Cast of an
36:77â66
6955:Categories
6694:Gallimimus
6623:Harpymimus
6568:Harpymimus
6189:Iliosuchus
6159:see belowâ
5996:Alioramini
5814:Juratyrant
5800:Eotyrannus
5785:Bagaraatan
5737:Yutyrannus
5671:Coeluridae
5597:Vayuraptor
5443:see belowâ
5419:Tratayenia
5412:Orkoraptor
5398:Megaraptor
5304:Aoniraptor
5237:Mapusaurus
5165:Sauroniops
5129:Altispinax
5082:Neovenator
5024:Siamraptor
5010:Datanglong
4977:Epanterias
4969:Antrodemus
4962:Allosaurus
4943:Allosauria
4766:Altispinax
4731:Gasosaurus
4643:see belowâ
4519:Suchomimus
4120:Sinosaurus
3955:see belowâ
3911:Viavenator
3861:Aucasaurus
3798:Ilokelesia
3769:Dahalokely
3724:Rajasaurus
3702:Indosaurus
3695:Genusaurus
3687:Dahalokely
3611:Indosuchus
3507:Limusaurus
3466:Ligabueino
3459:Kiyacursor
3451:Genusaurus
3435:Dahalokely
3355:Betasuchus
3226:Dornraptor
3126:see belowâ
3102:Segisaurus
2955:Sinosaurus
2818:Eodromaeus
2747:see belowâ
2695:Dinosauria
2677:Sauropsida
2472:: 103â143.
2016:: 643â677.
1398:: 733â771.
1306:References
1282:and lower
975:Gallimimus
784:Gallimimus
686:Gallimimus
615:Gallimimus
372:omnivorous
194:Saurischia
181:Dinosauria
122:skeleton,
6770:includes
6715:Rativates
6708:Qiupalong
6408:Scipionyx
6401:Mirischia
6074:Lythronax
6066:Labocania
6005:Alioramus
5659:Labocania
5377:Aerosteon
4923:Sinraptor
4827:Erectopus
4562:Irritator
4147:Orionides
4032:Tetanurae
4019:Tetanurae
3946:Tetanurae
3882:Elemgasem
3805:Llukalkan
3784:Elemgasem
3541:Noasaurus
3404:Afromimus
3212:Averostra
3199:Averostra
3117:Averostra
2969:Velocipes
2788:Theropoda
2775:Theropoda
2738:Theropoda
2663:Kingdom:
2647:Theropoda
2588:129785393
2163:130517438
2116:130812960
1735:131291138
1268:Campanian
1013:Qiupalong
863:cladogram
733:, unlike
710:vertebral
702:S. sedens
572:Campanian
452:in 1917.
398:In 1901,
352:dinosaurs
338:from the
264:Species:
207:Theropoda
154:Kingdom:
148:Eukaryota
6851:Wikidata
6299:Coelurus
5716:Kileskus
5709:Guanlong
5681:Coelurus
5574:Gualicho
5074:Gualicho
4455:Baryonyx
3791:Guemesia
3618:Kryptops
3379:Ozraptor
3016:Pendraig
2671:Chordata
2669:Phylum:
2665:Animalia
2446:331-336.
2313:36090994
2305:17771449
2207:84575190
2061:23112330
1885:36260601
1845:PLOS ONE
1648:85861590
1522:89242374
1459:(2005).
1371:(1917).
1294:See also
1276:S. altus
1260:S. altus
1244:hunting
1164:omnivore
719:S. altus
698:S. altus
667:S. altus
663:S. altus
656:S. altus
599:S. altus
548:In 1997
544:specimen
493:S. altus
462:S. altus
442:subgenus
438:O. altus
424:is from
404:holotype
392:S. altus
390:Cast of
229:Family:
168:Chordata
164:Phylum:
158:Animalia
144:Domain:
120:S. altus
6912:4129024
6899:4822896
6886:4433749
6857:Q310535
5849:Timimus
5611:Zuolong
5341:Rapator
5244:Meraxes
4569:Oxalaia
3890:Koleken
2913:Lepidus
2675:Class:
2568:Bibcode
2516:Bibcode
2407:Bibcode
2285:Bibcode
2277:Science
2265:126-163
2230:Bibcode
2143:Bibcode
2096:Bibcode
2069:2057698
2041:Bibcode
2033:Science
1950:384â394
1936:"Genus
1876:9581415
1853:Bibcode
1816:387â389
1775:Bibcode
1715:Bibcode
1676:Bibcode
1589:: 1â33.
1570:: 1â24.
1502:Bibcode
1469:367â397
1426:Bibcode
1332:Bibcode
1027:unnamed
998:unnamed
936:unnamed
907:unnamed
827:in the
819:in the
432:at the
348:bipedal
316:ostrich
302:, 1902)
289:†
268:†
242:Genus:
6508:Hexing
6196:Kakuru
5793:Dilong
3834:Thanos
3812:Niebla
3632:Rugops
3625:Kurupi
2586:
2542:
2342:
2311:
2303:
2205:
2161:
2114:
2067:
2059:
1984:
1956:
1914:
1883:
1873:
1822:
1733:
1646:
1520:
1475:
867:et al.
790:, and
632:et al.
529:or to
258:, 1917
256:Osborn
6933:Plazi
6925:38545
6772:birds
5821:Moros
5348:Siats
5089:Siats
5031:Siats
2691:Clade
2682:Clade
2584:S2CID
2309:S2CID
2203:S2CID
2159:S2CID
2112:S2CID
2065:S2CID
1731:S2CID
1644:S2CID
1518:S2CID
1388:(PDF)
1250:with
1174:Speed
723:sloth
456:made
448:, by
426:Latin
422:altus
411:altus
332:genus
328:mimos
320:Greek
300:Lambe
214:Clade
201:Clade
188:Clade
175:Clade
6894:GBIF
6764:see
5391:Maip
2849:Tawa
2724:see
2554:and
2540:ISBN
2483:Paul
2433:link
2340:ISBN
2301:PMID
2057:PMID
1982:ISBN
1954:ISBN
1912:ISBN
1881:PMID
1820:ISBN
1473:ISBN
1221:and
1209:and
1142:Diet
861:The
700:and
683:and
44:Preê
6881:EoL
2576:doi
2524:doi
2415:doi
2379:doi
2375:210
2332:doi
2293:doi
2281:266
2238:doi
2195:doi
2151:doi
2104:doi
2049:doi
2037:338
1908:117
1871:PMC
1861:doi
1783:doi
1723:doi
1684:doi
1636:doi
1510:doi
1434:doi
1340:doi
1290:).
342:of
334:of
6957::
6935::
6922::
6909::
6896::
6883::
6868::
6853::
2693::
2684::
2582:.
2574:.
2564:92
2562:.
2522:.
2510:.
2470:27
2468:.
2464:.
2429:}}
2425:{{
2413:.
2403:32
2401:.
2373:.
2338:.
2307:.
2299:.
2291:.
2279:.
2236:.
2226:30
2224:.
2201:.
2191:25
2189:.
2157:.
2149:.
2139:50
2137:.
2133:.
2110:.
2102:.
2092:39
2090:.
2086:.
2063:.
2055:.
2047:.
2035:.
2022:^
2014:28
2012:.
1996:^
1968:^
1952:.
1942:.
1926:^
1910:.
1879:.
1869:.
1859:.
1849:17
1847:.
1843:.
1818:.
1808:.
1781:.
1771:58
1769:.
1729:.
1721:.
1711:43
1705:.
1682:.
1672:51
1670:.
1656:^
1642:.
1632:36
1630:.
1608:^
1587:34
1585:.
1568:26
1566:.
1545:20
1516:.
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