166:
2343:
925:
1128:
34:
937:
131:
1326:(21 November 1891 – 6 January 1960) was another member of the Stockholm school; he proposed a method of financing public goods in accordance with individual benefits. In the Lindahl equilibrium, the quantity of the public good satisfies the requirement that the aggregate marginal benefit equals the marginal cost of providing the good.
1076:
in 1936, and its purpose was to draw international attention to the
Swedish discoveries in the field, many of which had predated the discoveries of Keynes. Gunnar Myrdal was early in supporting the theses of John Maynard Keynes, maintaining that the basic idea of adjusting national budgets to slow or
1113:
geopolitical situation of the Cold War, with two rival political blocks, their theories also achieved wide international appeal as a "Third Way", i.e. a middle way between a market economy and a command economy. The objective of this "third way" was to achieve a high level of social equality without
1038:"If his contribution had been available to readers of English before 1936, it is interesting to speculate whether the 'revolution' in macroeconomic theory of the depression decade would be referred to as 'Myrdalian' as much as 'Keynesian'”
1238:
1072:
2302:
882:
1471:
967:
1149:
51:
1237:
to create a "people's home" (Swedish: "Folkhemmet"). The work was later criticized for its discussion of racial issues. Myrdal received the
3450:
3406:
1091:
Myrdal and Ohlin went on to further develop their theories, and in so doing, they developed the intellectual underpinnings of the modern
98:
70:
1547:
1476:
77:
1301:
1305:
1894:
1669:
1234:
501:
277:
1098:. Their theories were embraced and implemented as national policy by the two powerful arms of the Swedish labor movement, the
1394:
1255:, the largest opposition party in the Swedish Parliament, for over twenty years (1944–1967) battling the powerful incumbent
84:
3475:
1416:"Knut Wicksell, Gustav Cassel, Eli Heckscher, Bertil Ohlin and Gunnar Myrdal on the Role of the Economist in Public Debate"
960:
2454:
2377:
2035:
1879:
1252:
638:
486:
66:
1256:
1221:
1175:
1103:
117:
1157:
1970:
1212:
579:
1225:, published in 1934. The book served as a major source of inspiration for the construction of the modern Swedish
1099:
953:
2888:
1153:
55:
1304:. In office 10 April 1953 – 18 September 1961 (when he died in a plane crash on a peacekeeping mission to the
2858:
2848:
2541:
2282:
2087:
1884:
1248:
1193:
1059:. The movement's name, "The Stockholm School", was launched in an article by Bertil Ohlin in the influential
1048:
684:
491:
22:
3069:
2981:
2020:
2008:
1540:
623:
611:
3480:
3435:
3416:
2993:
2838:
2804:
2789:
2768:
2763:
1906:
1735:
1659:
1587:
993:
513:
343:
267:
195:
91:
3410:
2986:
2676:
2666:
2030:
2013:
1889:
633:
616:
496:
2556:
1911:
1268:
518:
3440:
3386:
3129:
3084:
2923:
2794:
2671:
2113:
2075:
1901:
1363:
1138:
707:
672:
508:
3144:
3094:
2928:
2918:
2908:
2898:
2636:
2626:
2586:
2576:
2449:
2370:
2346:
2080:
1996:
1991:
1959:
1533:
1287:
1142:
677:
599:
594:
566:
149:
44:
1443:
Patinkin, Don (1978). "On the
Relation between Keynesian Economics and the 'Stockholm School'".
3264:
3109:
2969:
2912:
2868:
2831:
2581:
2521:
2496:
2466:
2439:
2329:
2063:
1869:
1864:
1849:
1816:
1674:
909:
660:
476:
471:
456:
423:
282:
1486:
3396:
3079:
3054:
3039:
3013:
2952:
2631:
2571:
2551:
2546:
2157:
2132:
2025:
1954:
1679:
1642:
1620:
1615:
749:
724:
628:
561:
287:
250:
228:
223:
3445:
3149:
2893:
2863:
2816:
2779:
2705:
2656:
2621:
2561:
2526:
2461:
2444:
2070:
1874:
1718:
1283:
1273:
1259:
1197:
667:
481:
326:
2394:
8:
3375:
3184:
3003:
2903:
2883:
2843:
2799:
2784:
2740:
2681:
2606:
2596:
2566:
2489:
2297:
2162:
1986:
1944:
1684:
1647:
1202:
1008:
877:
754:
589:
551:
292:
255:
138:
3044:
2476:
2122:
1297:
714:
3430:
3401:
3359:
3164:
2873:
2853:
2821:
2735:
2730:
2710:
2661:
2601:
2591:
2536:
2531:
2363:
2237:
1949:
1916:
1854:
1510:
1460:
1420:
1358:
1020:
1016:
829:
556:
523:
461:
3294:
3269:
3179:
3059:
2947:
2750:
2686:
2651:
2641:
2511:
2324:
2312:
2257:
2097:
2092:
1806:
1730:
1432:
1390:
1329:
1309:
904:
892:
849:
694:
689:
413:
338:
3219:
2172:
764:
3344:
3289:
3274:
3259:
3244:
3174:
3154:
3134:
3089:
2696:
2646:
2616:
2611:
2501:
2427:
2247:
2232:
1742:
1713:
1701:
1691:
1627:
1607:
1577:
1572:
1502:
1472:
Gunnar Myrdal’s
Prescient Criticisms of Keynes’ General Theory-by Philip Pilkington
1452:
1436:
1317:
1208:
985:
839:
824:
350:
321:
309:
299:
235:
215:
185:
180:
3224:
3455:
3349:
3314:
3279:
3214:
3139:
3124:
3018:
2974:
2811:
2745:
2720:
2715:
2691:
2422:
2407:
2252:
2212:
2192:
2053:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1801:
1772:
1632:
1384:
941:
844:
804:
784:
650:
451:
446:
441:
408:
380:
240:
1077:
speed an economy was first developed in Sweden by him and the
Stockholm School.
3369:
3354:
3319:
3304:
3284:
3254:
3074:
2725:
2434:
2402:
2319:
2222:
2217:
1859:
1708:
1664:
1582:
1556:
1506:
1353:
1341:
1291:
1012:
899:
814:
809:
466:
316:
272:
190:
165:
157:
3104:
2142:
1520:
1481:
734:
3469:
3334:
3324:
3299:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3209:
3199:
3169:
3159:
3064:
2964:
2937:
2701:
2242:
2227:
2202:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2152:
2147:
1796:
1757:
1654:
1337:
1279:
1263:
1226:
1189:
1095:
1052:
1031:
1024:
834:
819:
794:
779:
774:
769:
744:
739:
403:
365:
262:
134:
3364:
3309:
3204:
3194:
3189:
3114:
2959:
2484:
2412:
2262:
2207:
2167:
1939:
1811:
1777:
1767:
1725:
1602:
1597:
1323:
1313:
1244:
1110:
1092:
1086:
1056:
929:
854:
799:
759:
546:
418:
385:
375:
333:
210:
205:
1332:(14 March 1908 – 1972) became known for his theories in planned economics.
1027:, a Swedish economist active in the early years of the twentieth century.
3339:
3329:
3119:
2998:
2942:
2417:
2267:
1762:
1747:
1491:
1216:
1063:
in 1937, "Some Notes on the
Stockholm Theory of Savings and Investment".
859:
370:
355:
3249:
3049:
2826:
2197:
2127:
2058:
2003:
1514:
1497:
Shackle, G. L. S. (1945), "Myrdal's
Analysis of Monetary Equilibrium",
1464:
1320:
explicitly states that the prize should be awarded only to the living).
1230:
789:
719:
655:
606:
3099:
3029:
2386:
2307:
2137:
1752:
1637:
1592:
1001:
997:
887:
729:
360:
245:
200:
1456:
1127:
33:
2878:
1239:
Bank of Sweden Prize in
Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel
1525:
1308:). Dag Hammarskjöld is the only person to have been awarded the
1067:
1047:
Two of the most prominent members of the
Stockholm School were
936:
1921:
1696:
1492:
Monetary
Equilibrium -Claes Henrik Siver Stockholm University
1487:
Rules from Myrdal’s
Monetary Equilibrium Adrián de León-Arias
1415:
528:
304:
2355:
1241:(commonly known as the "Nobel Prize for Economics") in 1974.
1066:
The article was published in response to the publication of
130:
1477:
A Methodolological Issue: Ex-Ante and Ex-Post,Claude Gnos
137:, Swedish economist. Important source of inspiration for
1266:, a standard economic model of international trade, the
1482:
Gunnar Myrdal, growth processes and equilibrium theory
1262:. Professor Ohlin developed, together with professor
1073:
The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money
996:. It refers to a loosely organized group of Swedish
1286:, created the standard mathematical formulation of
58:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1023:. Like Keynes, they were inspired by the works of
3467:
1200:, spent many years in the U.S. writing the book
1414:Carlson, Benny; Jonung, Lars (September 2006).
1521:Video Gunnar Myrdal lecturing at UCLA 5/4/1966
2371:
1541:
1413:
1215:. Myrdal co-authored, together with his wife
1080:
961:
1156:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1034:'s work on monetary theory goes like this:
2378:
2364:
1548:
1534:
968:
954:
1382:
1207:, an investigation into the situation of
1176:Learn how and when to remove this message
118:Learn how and when to remove this message
1442:
1386:Gunnar Myrdal: An Intellectual Biography
1205:: The Negro Problem and Modern Democracy
129:
1496:
1302:Secretary-General of the United Nations
3468:
1670:Measures of national income and output
1042:
278:Measures of national income and output
2359:
1529:
1445:The Scandinavian Journal of Economics
1306:Republic of the Congo (LĂ©opoldville)
1154:adding citations to reliable sources
1121:
56:adding citations to reliable sources
27:
2455:Agent-based computational economics
13:
1555:
1407:
1251:, was party leader of the Swedish
1117:
1102:and the national labor union, the
16:School of economic thought (1930s)
14:
3492:
1222:Crisis in the Population Question
1114:undermining economic efficiency.
1104:Swedish Trade Union Confederation
1011:—come to the same conclusions in
1004:, Sweden primarily in the 1930s.
67:"Stockholm School" economics
2913:neoclassical–Keynesian synthesis
2342:
2341:
1282:, professor of economics at the
1126:
935:
923:
164:
32:
1100:Swedish Social Democratic Party
43:needs additional citations for
2303:Publications in macroeconomics
1383:W. Barber (23 November 2007).
1376:
1030:William Barber's comment upon
1007:The Stockholm School had—like
883:Publications in macroeconomics
1:
2849:Critique of political economy
2385:
2283:Critique of political economy
1369:
1249:Stockholm School of Economics
1194:Stockholm School of Economics
1049:Stockholm School of Economics
23:Stockholm School of Economics
7:
3476:Schools of economic thought
1347:
10:
3497:
2987:Real business-cycle theory
2031:New neoclassical synthesis
2014:Real business-cycle theory
1084:
1081:Scandinavian welfare state
634:New neoclassical synthesis
617:Real business-cycle theory
20:
3427:
3385:
3027:
2761:
2510:
2475:
2393:
2339:
2289:
2277:
2111:
2045:
1978:
1969:
1931:
1826:
1788:
1563:
1389:. Palgrave Macmillan UK.
1000:that worked together, in
141:and the Stockholm School.
2036:Saltwater and freshwater
1507:10.1093/oxepap/os-7.1.47
1428:(1). Econ Journal Watch.
1364:Constitutional economics
639:Saltwater and freshwater
21:Not to be confused with
2627:Industrial organization
2450:Computational economics
1960:International economics
1885:Overlapping generations
1437:The Wicksell Connection
1336:Other members, such as
1290:, a central concept in
1288:purchasing power parity
567:International economics
492:Overlapping generations
2832:Modern monetary theory
2497:Experimental economics
2467:Pluralism in economics
2440:Mathematical economics
2330:Mathematical economics
2064:Modern monetary theory
1817:Universal basic income
1499:Oxford Economic Papers
1344:-oriented economists.
1253:Liberal People's Party
1040:
989:
910:Mathematical economics
661:Modern monetary theory
424:Universal basic income
142:
2158:Wesley Clair Mitchell
2133:Thomas Robert Malthus
1955:Development economics
1272:. Ohlin received the
1269:Heckscher–Ohlin model
1229:, relying heavily on
1036:
750:Wesley Clair Mitchell
725:Thomas Robert Malthus
562:Development economics
133:
2706:Social choice theory
2462:Behavioral economics
2445:Complexity economics
1880:Ramsey–Cass–Koopmans
1719:Liquidity preference
1300:, economist. Second
1284:Stockholm University
1274:Bank of Sweden Prize
1198:Stockholm University
1150:improve this section
1015:and the theories of
487:Ramsey–Cass–Koopmans
327:Liquidity preference
52:improve this article
2790:American (National)
2490:Economic statistics
2298:Macroeconomic model
2163:John Maynard Keynes
1945:Economic statistics
1890:General equilibrium
1247:, professor at the
1213:Carnegie Foundation
1203:An American Dilemma
1192:, professor at the
1043:History and aspects
1009:John Maynard Keynes
942:Business portal
878:Macroeconomic model
755:John Maynard Keynes
552:Economic statistics
497:General equilibrium
139:John Maynard Keynes
3481:1930s in Stockholm
2238:Edward C. Prescott
1950:Monetary economics
1421:Econ Journal Watch
1359:Social corporatism
1235:social engineering
830:Edward C. Prescott
557:Monetary economics
143:
3463:
3462:
2994:New institutional
2353:
2352:
2325:Political economy
2268:N. Gregory Mankiw
2258:Thomas J. Sargent
2107:
2106:
2098:Market monetarism
1902:Endogenous growth
1731:National accounts
1433:Axel Leijonhufvud
1396:978-0-230-28901-7
1330:Ingvar Svennilson
1310:Nobel Peace Prize
1257:Social Democratic
1233:intervention and
1209:African Americans
1186:
1185:
1178:
992:) is a school of
978:
977:
905:Political economy
860:N. Gregory Mankiw
850:Thomas J. Sargent
695:Market monetarism
509:Endogenous growth
339:National accounts
128:
127:
120:
102:
3488:
2667:Natural resource
2502:Economic history
2428:Mechanism design
2380:
2373:
2366:
2357:
2356:
2345:
2344:
2248:William Nordhaus
2233:Robert Lucas Jr.
2123:François Quesnay
1976:
1975:
1743:Nominal rigidity
1714:Demand for money
1692:Microfoundations
1628:Financial crisis
1608:Effective demand
1578:Aggregate supply
1573:Aggregate demand
1550:
1543:
1536:
1527:
1526:
1517:
1468:
1429:
1401:
1400:
1380:
1298:Dag Hammarskjöld
1211:, funded by the
1181:
1174:
1170:
1167:
1161:
1130:
1122:
1061:Economic Journal
994:economic thought
990:Stockholmsskolan
982:Stockholm School
970:
963:
956:
940:
939:
930:Money portal
928:
927:
926:
840:William Nordhaus
825:Robert Lucas Jr.
715:François Quesnay
351:Nominal rigidity
322:Demand for money
300:Microfoundations
236:Financial crisis
216:Effective demand
186:Aggregate supply
181:Aggregate demand
168:
145:
144:
123:
116:
112:
109:
103:
101:
60:
36:
28:
3496:
3495:
3491:
3490:
3489:
3487:
3486:
3485:
3466:
3465:
3464:
3459:
3456:Business portal
3423:
3422:
3421:
3381:
3145:von Böhm-Bawerk
3033:
3032:
3023:
2795:Ancient thought
2773:
2772:
2766:
2757:
2756:
2755:
2506:
2471:
2423:Contract theory
2408:Decision theory
2389:
2384:
2354:
2349:
2335:
2334:
2333:
2285:
2273:
2272:
2271:
2253:Joseph Stiglitz
2213:Milton Friedman
2193:Friedrich Hayek
2114:macroeconomists
2103:
2102:
2101:
2041:
2040:
2039:
1965:
1964:
1963:
1927:
1926:
1925:
1912:Mundell–Fleming
1907:Matching theory
1845:Keynesian cross
1822:
1821:
1820:
1784:
1783:
1782:
1559:
1554:
1457:10.2307/3439878
1410:
1408:Further reading
1405:
1404:
1397:
1381:
1377:
1372:
1350:
1340:, continued as
1182:
1171:
1165:
1162:
1147:
1131:
1120:
1118:Leading members
1089:
1083:
1070:' magnum opus,
1045:
974:
934:
924:
922:
915:
914:
873:
865:
864:
845:Joseph Stiglitz
805:Milton Friedman
785:Friedrich Hayek
710:
700:
699:
582:
572:
571:
542:
534:
533:
519:Mundell–Fleming
514:Matching theory
452:Keynesian cross
437:
429:
428:
399:
391:
390:
176:
124:
113:
107:
104:
61:
59:
49:
37:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3494:
3484:
3483:
3478:
3461:
3460:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3425:
3424:
3420:
3419:
3414:
3404:
3399:
3393:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3383:
3382:
3380:
3379:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3036:
3034:
3028:
3025:
3024:
3022:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2990:
2989:
2979:
2978:
2977:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2956:
2955:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2934:
2933:
2932:
2931:
2921:
2916:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2859:Disequilibrium
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2835:
2834:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2808:
2807:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2776:
2774:
2762:
2759:
2758:
2754:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2672:Organizational
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2518:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2493:
2492:
2481:
2479:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2458:
2457:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2435:Macroeconomics
2432:
2431:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2403:Microeconomics
2399:
2397:
2391:
2390:
2383:
2382:
2375:
2368:
2360:
2351:
2350:
2340:
2337:
2336:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2320:Microeconomics
2317:
2316:
2315:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2294:
2293:
2291:
2287:
2286:
2281:
2279:
2275:
2274:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2223:Lawrence Klein
2220:
2218:Paul Samuelson
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2173:Michał Kalecki
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2109:
2108:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2088:Disequilibrium
2085:
2084:
2083:
2076:Post-Keynesian
2073:
2068:
2067:
2066:
2056:
2051:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2043:
2042:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2017:
2016:
2006:
2001:
2000:
1999:
1994:
1984:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1973:
1967:
1966:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1936:
1935:
1933:
1932:Related fields
1929:
1928:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1898:
1897:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1860:Phillips curve
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1793:
1792:
1790:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1739:
1738:
1728:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1711:
1709:Money creation
1706:
1705:
1704:
1694:
1689:
1688:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1667:
1665:Liquidity trap
1662:
1657:
1652:
1651:
1650:
1645:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1624:
1623:
1618:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1583:Business cycle
1580:
1575:
1569:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1564:Basic concepts
1561:
1560:
1557:Macroeconomics
1553:
1552:
1545:
1538:
1530:
1524:
1523:
1518:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1451:(2): 135–143.
1440:
1430:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1395:
1374:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1354:Rudolf Meidner
1349:
1346:
1342:business cycle
1334:
1333:
1327:
1321:
1312:posthumously (
1295:
1292:microeconomics
1277:
1242:
1184:
1183:
1134:
1132:
1125:
1119:
1116:
1093:north European
1082:
1079:
1044:
1041:
1013:macroeconomics
976:
975:
973:
972:
965:
958:
950:
947:
946:
945:
944:
932:
917:
916:
913:
912:
907:
902:
900:Microeconomics
897:
896:
895:
885:
880:
874:
871:
870:
867:
866:
863:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
815:Lawrence Klein
812:
810:Paul Samuelson
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
765:Michał Kalecki
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
711:
706:
705:
702:
701:
698:
697:
692:
687:
685:Disequilibrium
682:
681:
680:
673:Post-Keynesian
670:
665:
664:
663:
653:
642:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
620:
619:
609:
604:
603:
602:
597:
583:
578:
577:
574:
573:
570:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
543:
541:Related fields
540:
539:
536:
535:
532:
531:
526:
521:
516:
511:
506:
505:
504:
494:
489:
484:
479:
474:
469:
467:Phillips curve
464:
459:
454:
449:
444:
438:
435:
434:
431:
430:
427:
426:
421:
416:
411:
406:
400:
397:
396:
393:
392:
389:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
347:
346:
336:
331:
330:
329:
319:
317:Money creation
314:
313:
312:
302:
297:
296:
295:
290:
285:
275:
273:Liquidity trap
270:
265:
260:
259:
258:
253:
243:
238:
233:
232:
231:
226:
218:
213:
208:
203:
198:
193:
191:Business cycle
188:
183:
177:
175:Basic concepts
174:
173:
170:
169:
161:
160:
158:Macroeconomics
154:
153:
126:
125:
40:
38:
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3493:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3473:
3471:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3426:
3418:
3415:
3412:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3394:
3390:
3388:
3384:
3378:
3377:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3040:de Mandeville
3038:
3037:
3035:
3031:
3026:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2983:
2982:New classical
2980:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2938:Malthusianism
2936:
2930:
2927:
2926:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2914:
2910:
2907:
2906:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2899:Institutional
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2833:
2830:
2829:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2806:
2803:
2802:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2703:
2702:Public choice
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2677:Participation
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2637:Institutional
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2587:Expeditionary
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2577:Environmental
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2519:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2486:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2478:
2474:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2456:
2453:
2452:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2405:
2404:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2396:
2392:
2388:
2381:
2376:
2374:
2369:
2367:
2362:
2361:
2358:
2348:
2338:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2243:Peter Diamond
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2228:Edmund Phelps
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2203:Richard Stone
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2188:Joan Robinson
2186:
2184:
2183:Simon Kuznets
2181:
2179:
2178:Gunnar Myrdal
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2153:Irving Fisher
2151:
2149:
2148:Knut Wicksell
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2117:
2115:
2110:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2082:
2079:
2078:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2065:
2062:
2061:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2010:
2009:New classical
2007:
2005:
2002:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1988:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1968:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1896:
1893:
1892:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1758:Shrinkflation
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1737:
1734:
1733:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1720:
1717:
1716:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1703:
1700:
1699:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1655:Interest rate
1653:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1640:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1612:Expectations
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1551:
1546:
1544:
1539:
1537:
1532:
1531:
1528:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1441:
1438:
1434:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1411:
1398:
1392:
1388:
1387:
1379:
1375:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1351:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1338:Erik Lundberg
1331:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1280:Gustav Cassel
1278:
1275:
1271:
1270:
1265:
1264:Eli Heckscher
1261:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1227:welfare state
1224:
1223:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1204:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1190:Gunnar Myrdal
1188:
1187:
1180:
1177:
1169:
1166:November 2011
1159:
1155:
1151:
1145:
1144:
1140:
1135:This section
1133:
1129:
1124:
1123:
1115:
1112:
1107:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1096:welfare state
1094:
1088:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1053:Gunnar Myrdal
1050:
1039:
1035:
1033:
1032:Gunnar Myrdal
1028:
1026:
1025:Knut Wicksell
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1005:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
971:
966:
964:
959:
957:
952:
951:
949:
948:
943:
938:
933:
931:
921:
920:
919:
918:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
894:
891:
890:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
875:
869:
868:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
835:Peter Diamond
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
820:Edmund Phelps
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
795:Richard Stone
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
780:Joan Robinson
778:
776:
775:Simon Kuznets
773:
771:
770:Gunnar Myrdal
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
745:Irving Fisher
743:
741:
740:Knut Wicksell
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
712:
709:
704:
703:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
679:
676:
675:
674:
671:
669:
666:
662:
659:
658:
657:
654:
652:
649:
648:
647:
646:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
618:
615:
614:
613:
612:New classical
610:
608:
605:
601:
598:
596:
593:
592:
591:
588:
587:
586:
581:
576:
575:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
544:
538:
537:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
503:
500:
499:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
478:
475:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
460:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
439:
433:
432:
425:
422:
420:
417:
415:
412:
410:
407:
405:
402:
401:
395:
394:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
366:Shrinkflation
364:
362:
359:
357:
354:
352:
349:
345:
342:
341:
340:
337:
335:
332:
328:
325:
324:
323:
320:
318:
315:
311:
308:
307:
306:
303:
301:
298:
294:
291:
289:
286:
284:
281:
280:
279:
276:
274:
271:
269:
266:
264:
263:Interest rate
261:
257:
254:
252:
249:
248:
247:
244:
242:
239:
237:
234:
230:
227:
225:
222:
221:
220:Expectations
219:
217:
214:
212:
209:
207:
204:
202:
199:
197:
194:
192:
189:
187:
184:
182:
179:
178:
172:
171:
167:
163:
162:
159:
156:
155:
151:
147:
146:
140:
136:
135:Knut Wicksell
132:
122:
119:
111:
100:
97:
93:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76:
72:
69: –
68:
64:
63:Find sources:
57:
53:
47:
46:
41:This article
39:
35:
30:
29:
24:
19:
3451:Publications
3407:Publications
3374:
3008:
2970:Neoclassical
2960:Mercantilism
2869:Evolutionary
2731:Sociological
2704: /
2602:Geographical
2582:Evolutionary
2557:Digitization
2522:Agricultural
2485:Econometrics
2413:Price theory
2263:Paul Krugman
2208:Hyman Minsky
2168:Alvin Hansen
1940:Econometrics
1917:Overshooting
1870:Harrod–Domar
1865:Arrow–Debreu
1812:Central bank
1778:Unemployment
1768:Supply shock
1726:Money supply
1603:Disinflation
1598:Demand shock
1501:(7): 47–66,
1498:
1448:
1444:
1425:
1419:
1385:
1378:
1335:
1324:Erik Lindahl
1314:Alfred Nobel
1267:
1245:Bertil Ohlin
1220:
1201:
1196:, and later
1172:
1163:
1148:Please help
1136:
1111:World War II
1109:In the post-
1108:
1090:
1087:Nordic model
1071:
1065:
1060:
1057:Bertil Ohlin
1046:
1037:
1029:
1006:
981:
979:
855:Paul Krugman
800:Hyman Minsky
760:Alvin Hansen
644:
643:
584:
547:Econometrics
524:Overshooting
477:Harrod–Domar
472:Arrow–Debreu
419:Central bank
386:Unemployment
376:Supply shock
334:Money supply
211:Disinflation
206:Demand shock
114:
108:October 2014
105:
95:
88:
81:
74:
62:
50:Please help
45:verification
42:
18:
3245:von Neumann
3014:Supply-side
2999:Physiocracy
2943:Marginalism
2632:Information
2572:Engineering
2552:Development
2547:Demographic
2418:Game theory
2395:Theoretical
2143:LĂ©on Walras
2026:Supply-side
1855:Accelerator
1763:Stagflation
1748:Price level
1643:Demand-pull
1217:Alva Myrdal
1051:professors
735:LĂ©on Walras
629:Supply-side
462:Accelerator
371:Stagflation
356:Price level
251:Demand-pull
3470:Categories
3402:Economists
3275:Schumacher
3180:Schumpeter
3150:von Wieser
3070:von ThĂĽnen
3030:Economists
2929:Circuitism
2894:Humanistic
2889:Historical
2864:Ecological
2854:Democratic
2827:Chartalism
2817:Behavioral
2780:Mainstream
2741:Statistics
2736:Solidarity
2657:Managerial
2622:Humanistic
2617:Historical
2562:Ecological
2527:Behavioral
2198:John Hicks
2128:Adam Smith
2081:Circuitism
2071:Ecological
2059:Chartalism
2004:Monetarism
1979:Mainstream
1875:Solow–Swan
1850:Multiplier
1807:Commercial
1702:Endogenous
1660:Investment
1370:References
1260:government
1231:government
1085:See also:
998:economists
790:John Hicks
720:Adam Smith
678:Circuitism
668:Ecological
656:Chartalism
607:Monetarism
585:Mainstream
482:Solow–Swan
457:Multiplier
414:Commercial
310:Endogenous
268:Investment
78:newspapers
3320:Greenspan
3285:Samuelson
3265:Galbraith
3235:Tinbergen
3175:von Mises
3170:Heckscher
3130:Edgeworth
3009:Stockholm
3004:Socialist
2904:Keynesian
2884:Happiness
2844:Classical
2805:Mutualism
2800:Anarchist
2785:Heterodox
2682:Personnel
2642:Knowledge
2607:Happiness
2597:Financial
2567:Education
2542:Democracy
2477:Empirical
2387:Economics
2308:Economics
2138:Karl Marx
2046:Heterodox
2021:Stockholm
1987:Keynesian
1753:Recession
1648:Cost-push
1638:Inflation
1593:Deflation
1318:testament
1219:the book
1137:does not
1002:Stockholm
888:Economics
730:Karl Marx
645:Heterodox
624:Stockholm
590:Keynesian
361:Recession
256:Cost-push
246:Inflation
201:Deflation
3431:Category
3411:journals
3397:Glossary
3350:Stiglitz
3315:Rothbard
3295:Buchanan
3280:Friedman
3270:Koopmans
3260:Leontief
3240:Robinson
3125:Marshall
2975:Lausanne
2879:Georgism
2874:Feminist
2822:Buddhist
2812:Austrian
2711:Regional
2687:Planning
2662:Monetary
2592:Feminist
2537:Cultural
2532:Business
2347:Category
2290:See also
2278:Critique
2112:Notable
2054:Austrian
1802:Monetary
1789:Policies
1621:Rational
1616:Adaptive
1348:See also
1276:in 1977.
872:See also
651:Austrian
409:Monetary
398:Policies
229:Rational
224:Adaptive
150:a series
148:Part of
3446:Outline
3417:Schools
3409: (
3370:Piketty
3365:Krugman
3230:Kuznets
3220:Kalecki
3195:Polanyi
3085:Cournot
3080:Bastiat
3065:Ricardo
3055:Malthus
3045:Quesnay
2948:Marxian
2839:Chicago
2769:history
2764:Schools
2751:Welfare
2721:Service
2512:Applied
2313:Applied
2093:Marxian
1971:Schools
1515:2663487
1465:3439878
1158:removed
1143:sources
986:Swedish
893:Applied
690:Marxian
580:Schools
92:scholar
3355:Thaler
3335:Ostrom
3330:Becker
3325:Sowell
3305:Baumol
3210:Myrdal
3205:Sraffa
3200:Frisch
3190:Knight
3185:Keynes
3160:Fisher
3155:Veblen
3140:Pareto
3120:Menger
3115:George
3110:Jevons
3105:Walras
3095:Gossen
3019:Thermo
2697:Public
2692:Policy
2647:Labour
2612:Health
1827:Models
1797:Fiscal
1773:Saving
1633:Growth
1513:
1463:
1439:, 1979
1393:
1068:Keynes
1021:supply
1017:demand
708:People
436:Models
404:Fiscal
381:Saving
241:Growth
94:
87:
80:
73:
65:
3441:Lists
3436:Index
3387:Lists
3360:Hoppe
3345:Lucas
3310:Solow
3300:Arrow
3290:Simon
3255:Lange
3250:Hicks
3225:Röpke
3215:Hayek
3165:Pigou
3135:Clark
3050:Smith
2965:Mixed
2924:Post-
2746:Urban
2726:Socio
2716:Rural
1922:NAIRU
1840:AD–AS
1835:IS–LM
1697:Money
1511:JSTOR
1461:JSTOR
529:NAIRU
447:AD–AS
442:IS–LM
305:Money
99:JSTOR
85:books
3376:more
3100:Marx
3090:Mill
3075:List
2953:Neo-
2909:Neo-
1992:Neo-
1895:DSGE
1588:CAGR
1391:ISBN
1141:any
1139:cite
1055:and
1019:and
980:The
595:Neo-
502:DSGE
196:CAGR
71:news
3340:Sen
3060:Say
2919:New
2652:Law
1997:New
1736:SNA
1685:NNI
1680:GNI
1675:GDP
1503:doi
1453:doi
1316:'s
1152:by
600:New
344:SNA
293:NNI
288:GNI
283:GDP
54:by
3472::
1509:,
1459:.
1449:80
1447:.
1435:,
1424:.
1418:.
1106:.
988::
152:on
3413:)
2915:)
2911:(
2771:)
2767:(
2379:e
2372:t
2365:v
1549:e
1542:t
1535:v
1505::
1467:.
1455::
1426:3
1399:.
1294:.
1179:)
1173:(
1168:)
1164:(
1160:.
1146:.
984:(
969:e
962:t
955:v
121:)
115:(
110:)
106:(
96:·
89:·
82:·
75:·
48:.
25:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
_(cropped).jpg)