237:
117:
174:
22:
1420:
63:
354:. This work was followed by studies in HIV patients in which he phenotyped the morphological characteristics of coronary plaque in HIV patients, demonstrating an increased prevalence of high risk plaque with low attenuation and positive remodeling, more vulnerable to rupture. His studies suggested that treatment with a statin might uniquely target both traditional risk factors including
772:
897:
Lo J, Lu MT, Ihenachor EJ, Wei J, Looby SE, Fitch KV, Oh J, Zimmerman CO, Hwang J, Abbara S, Plutzky J, Robbins G, Tawakol A, Hoffmann U, Grinspoon SK. Effects of statin therapy on coronary artery plaque volume and high-risk plaque morphology in HIV-infected patients with subclinical atherosclerosis:
332:
as well, the first drug to demonstrate a significant effect among patients with HIV lipodystrophy. Subsequent work demonstrated significant effects to stimulate hepatic oxidative pathways and reduce inflammatory pathways in gene set enrichment studies. Grinspoon was granted a US Patent entitled “GHRH
307:
in lipodystrophic patients with abdominal fat accumulation and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. This work was initiated by an observation of reduced GH secretion in HIV patients with lipodystrophy. Subsequent studies examined the mechanisms and demonstrated reduced area under the curve per peak, but
371:
2015 on this topic. The REPRIEVE trial was recently closed early by its Data Safety
Monitoring Board for a robust efficacy signal, demonstrating that a statin strategy reduced major adverse cardiovascular event (primary heart attacks, strokes, and cardiovascular death) by 35% over 5 years, compared
745:
Fourman LT, Billingsley JM, Agyapong G, Ho Sui SJ, Feldpausch MN, Purdy J, Zheng I, Pan CS, Corey KE, Torriani M, Kleiner DE, Hadigan CM, Stanley TL, Chung RT, Grinspoon SK. Effects of tesamorelin on hepatic transcriptomic signatures in HIV-associated NAFLD. JCI Insight. 2020 Aug 20;5(16):e140134.
861:
Zanni MV, Toribio M, Wilks MQ, Lu MT, Burdo TH, Walker J, Autissier P, Foldyna B, Stone L, Martin A, Cope F, Abbruzzese B, Brady T, Hoffmann U, Williams KC, El-Fakhri G, Grinspoon SK. Application of a Novel CD206+ Macrophage-Specific
Arterial Imaging Strategy in HIV-Infected Individuals. J Infect
366:
can significantly reduce high risk plaque volume as well as improve the high-risk morphological features in coronary lesions in HIV. In recognition of this work, he has led the REPRIEVE trial, a global primary prevention study performed in 12 countries, since 2013 and gave the plenary lecture at
336:
A second and related focus of
Grinspoon’s work has been to investigate the mechanisms and strategies for CVD in HIV. In this regard, he led an AHA sponsored State of the Science Symposium on CVD in HIV. The conclusions from this conference called for a better understanding and treatment
785:
Makimura H, Feldpausch MN, Rope AM, Hemphill LC, Torriani M, Lee H, Grinspoon SK. Metabolic effects of a growth hormone-releasing factor in obese subjects with reduced growth hormone secretion: a randomized controlled trial. J Clin
Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Dec;97(12):4769-79.
350:. Of note, increased arterial inflammation was most significantly associated with increased markers of immune activation. He also recently proposed the first use of tilmanocept as a CD206 specific imaging agent for arterial inflammation, with success in HIV published in
702:
Torriani M, Srinivasa S, Fitch KV, Thomou T, Wong K, Petrow E, Kahn CR, Cypess AM, Grinspoon SK. Dysfunctional
Subcutaneous Fat With Reduced Dicer and Brown Adipose Tissue Gene Expression in HIV-Infected Patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Mar;101(3):1225-34.
623:
Stanley TL, Feldpausch MN, Oh J, Branch KL, Lee H, Torriani M, Grinspoon SK. Effect of tesamorelin on visceral fat and liver fat in HIV-infected patients with abdominal fat accumulation: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2014 Jul 23-30;312(4):380-9.
333:
or
Analogues thereof for the Use in Treatment of Hepatic Disease” for this work. Tesamorelin was also investigated in generalized obesity and showed significant effects to reduce cIMT, inflammatory markers, lipids and visceral adiposity.
308:
maintenance of the GH pulse generator in such patients. Reasoning that augmentation of GH pulsatility might reduce visceral fat, because of its potent effects to oxidize adipose tissue, Grinspoon led a series of studies culminating in a
345:
to demonstrate for the first time significant arterial inflammation in asymptomatic low traditional risk HIV patients, compared to
Framingham risk matched control subjects, as well as non HIV patients with known CVD, published in
528:
Triant VA, Lee H, Hadigan C, Grinspoon SK. Increased acute myocardial infarction rates and cardiovascular risk factors among patients with human immunodeficiency virus disease. J Clin
Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Jul;92(7):2506-12.
446:
Grinspoon, Steven K. ;Lake, Jordan, Stanley, Takara; Apovian, Caroline; Brown, Todd. (15 May 2017). “Practical Review of
Recognition and Management of Obesity and Lipohypertrophy in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection”.
879:
Zanni MV, Abbara S, Lo J, Wai B, Hark D, Marmarelis E, Grinspoon SK. Increased coronary atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability by coronary computed tomography angiography in HIV-infected men. AIDS. 2013 May 15;27(8):1263-72.
87:
804:
Subramanian, Sharath; Tawakol, Ahmed; Burdo, Tricia H.; Abbara, Suhny; Wei, Jeffrey; Vijayakumar, Jayanthi; Corsini, Erin; Abdelbaky, Amr; Zanni, Markella V.; Hoffmann, Udo; Williams, Kenneth C. (2012-07-25).
471:
Grinspoon, Steven K; Zanni, Markella V.; Fitchenbaum, Carl J. (July 23, 2023) New
England Journal of Medicine: “Pitavastatin to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease in HIV Infection”. Massachusetts Medical Society.
1171:"Department of Health and Human Services Working Group on the Prevention and Treatment of Wasting and Weight Loss. Weight loss and wasting in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus"
341:. This data was followed by a series of mechanistic studies demonstrating increased prevalence of plaque, particularly noncalcified, lipid rich, plaque. Grinspoon used
320:. This work led to FDA approval of Tesamorelin as the only such approved drug for HIV lipodystrophy and first in class molecule. Subsequent studies, published in
466:
Grinspoon, Steven K; Stlanley, Takara L. (January 2022) Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes: “Abnormalities in HIV Infection”. Oxford University Press.
190:
Please remove or replace such wording and instead of making proclamations about a subject's importance, use facts and attribution to demonstrate that importance.
358:(LDL) but also increased immune activation indices driving atypical noncalcified high risk plaque in this population. This work culminated in a recent paper in
1213:"State of the Science Conference: Initiative to Decrease Cardiovascular Risk and Increase Quality of Care for Patients Living With HIV/AIDS: Executive Summary"
1441:
940:
435:
Grinspoon, Steven K. (19 June 2008). “Initiative to Decrease Cardiovascular Risk and Increase Quality of Care for Patients Living With HIV/AIDS”.
379:
Grinspoon has worked to understand the mechanism, and treatment strategies for metabolic dysregulation in HIV, and was among the first to assess
989:
767:, Grinspoon, Steven K., "GHRH or analogues thereof for use in treatment of hepatic disease", published 2021-03-16, assigned to
337:
strategies of CVD in HIV. This work began with epidemiologic studies demonstrating increased myocardial infarction rates in HIV patients in the
376:
and the data presented by Grinspoon at the International AIDS Society 2023 meeting in Brisbane and featured in news articles and podcasts.
183:
400:
271:
disease and inflammation. In 2015, he became the Principal Investigator of the NIH-funded Nutrition Obesity Research Center at Harvard.
284:
255:(MGH) Metabolism Unit and Director of the Nutrition Obesity Research Center at Harvard. In addition, he is the MGH Endowed Chair in
1119:
965:
916:
1145:
722:
1306:
391:
in this population. He also recognized reduced DICER as a factor that may contribute to dysfunctional adipose tissue in HIV.
1087:
77:
1251:"Practical Review of Recognition and Management of Obesity and Lipohypertrophy in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection"
571:
1475:
966:"Daily Statin Medication Reduces Risk of Major Cardiovascular Events by More Than One-Third in People Living with HIV"
1331:
510:
423:
Grinspoon, Steven K. (April 2003). "Weight loss and wasting in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus.”
223:
205:
155:
49:
35:
461:
Grinspoon, Steven K; Brown, Todd T. (2020) Williams Textbook of Endocrinology:”Endocrinology of HIV/AIDS”. Elsevier.
303:
Grinspoon’s primary research focus has been to investigate the effects of augmenting endogenous GH pulsatility on
133:
768:
646:
645:
Hadigan, Colleen; Yawetz, Sigal; Thomas, Abraham; Havers, Fiona; Sax, Paul E.; Grinspoon, Steven (2004-05-18).
292:
252:
126:
449:
425:
1250:
490:
764:
312:
paper demonstrating that Tesamorelin, a GHRH1-44 secretagogue, reduced visceral fat by 20% and reduced
547:
1212:
1430:
1347:
Grinspoon, Steven K.; Fitch, Kathleen D.; Zanni, Markella V.; Fitchenbaum, Carl J. (23 July 2023).
1055:
355:
1249:
Lake, Jordan; Stanley, Takara; Apovian, Caroline; Brown, Todd; Grinspoon, Steven (15 May 2017).
1470:
248:
662:
597:
437:
411:
288:
137:
41:
1398:
806:
1437:
8:
1373:
898:
a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet HIV. 2015 Feb;2(2):e52-63.
1275:
839:
682:
502:
280:
256:
92:
1348:
903:
1327:
1302:
1228:
1186:
1095:
1063:
1036:
844:
826:
674:
666:
506:
407:
329:
686:
1368:
1360:
1270:
1262:
1224:
1178:
1026:
899:
881:
863:
834:
818:
787:
747:
704:
658:
625:
530:
498:
73:
941:"Cardiovascular Disease in HIV Patients: An Emerging Paradigm and Call to Action"
885:
132:
It may require cleanup to comply with Knowledge's content policies, particularly
1014:
751:
268:
263:. His work investigates the neuroendocrine regulation of body composition, and
1464:
1099:
1067:
1040:
830:
670:
384:
1170:
867:
1190:
848:
822:
678:
629:
388:
313:
304:
1364:
287:, graduating in 1988. He did his medical residency and Chief Residency at
1266:
1031:
791:
708:
534:
317:
1088:"For people with HIV, statins show 35 percent drop in heart attack risk"
264:
260:
236:
990:"Daily statin reduces heart disease risk among adults living with HIV"
380:
82:
1182:
1015:"Preventing HIV's Collateral Cardiovascular Damage: ITT Episode 15"
1403:
1349:"Pitavastatin to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease in HIV Infection"
342:
1419:
62:
410:
Laureate Award for Outstanding Translational Research from the
363:
1346:
1299:
Williams Textbook of Endocrinology:”Endocrinology of HIV/AIDS”
1056:"For 'Silver Tsunami' With H.I.V., New Hope for Healthy Aging"
803:
488:
1146:"Meet the 2016 Laureate Award Winners: Steven Grinspoon, MD"
723:"Meet the 2016 Laureate Award Winners: Steven Grinspoon, MD"
368:
247:
is an American physician who is a Professor of Medicine at
1326:(3 ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 1715–1724.
1408:
1322:
Grinspoon, Steven K.; Stanley, Takara L. (January 2022).
647:"Metabolic Effects of Rosiglitazone in HIV Lipodystrophy"
644:
1248:
1169:
Grinspoon, Steven K.; Mulligan, Kathleen (April 2003).
291:
from 1988 to 1992 and his Endocrinology Fellowship at
125:
A major contributor to this article appears to have a
1444:
to it so that it can be listed with similar articles.
372:
to placebo. This trial was recently published in the
1409:
Nutrition Obesity Research Center at Harvard Website
794:
Epub 2012 Sep 26. PMID 23015655; PMCID: PMC3513535.
711:
Epub 2016 Jan 12. PMID 26756119; PMCID: PMC4803164.
537:
Epub 2007 Apr 24. PMID 17456578; PMCID: PMC2763385.
906:Epub 2015 Jan 9. PMID 26424461; PMCID: PMC4820828.
1168:
1120:"The American Society for Clinical Investigation"
1462:
1321:
362:, in which he showed for the first time that a
1296:
489:Achermann, John C.; et al. (2016-01-01).
1324:Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes
1297:Grinspoon, Steven K.; Brown, Todd T. (2020).
1211:Grinspoon, Steven K.; et, al (19 June 2008).
572:"Miss Sandler Married To Dr. S. K. Grinspoon"
807:"Arterial Inflammation in Patients With HIV"
1210:
598:"Steven Grinspoon, MD - Neuroendocrinology"
401:American Society for Clinical Investigation
387:to reverse insulin resistance and increase
184:promotes the subject in a subjective manner
50:Learn how and when to remove these messages
285:University of Rochester School of Medicine
1372:
1274:
1030:
838:
763:
224:Learn how and when to remove this message
206:Learn how and when to remove this message
156:Learn how and when to remove this message
663:10.7326/0003-4819-140-10-200405180-00008
328:, demonstrated that Tesamorelin reduced
235:
1463:
1143:
720:
298:
698:
696:
640:
638:
619:
617:
1413:
1137:
1053:
564:
524:
522:
267:consequences of fat distribution on
167:
110:
56:
15:
994:National Institutes of Health (NIH)
862:Dis. 2017 Apr 15;215(8):1264-1269.
181:This article contains wording that
13:
1429:needs additional or more specific
909:
891:
873:
855:
797:
779:
757:
739:
714:
693:
635:
614:
590:
503:10.1016/B978-0-323-29738-7.00047-2
495:Williams Textbook of Endocrinology
186:without imparting real information
14:
1487:
1392:
888:PMID 23324657; PMCID: PMC3740057.
870:PMID 28204544; PMCID: PMC5853590.
754:PMID 32701508; PMCID: PMC7455119.
632:PMID 25038357; PMCID: PMC4363137.
519:
417:
31:This article has multiple issues.
1418:
1229:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.18962
172:
136:. Please discuss further on the
115:
61:
20:
1353:New England Journal of Medicine
1340:
1315:
1290:
1242:
1204:
1162:
1112:
1080:
1047:
1019:New England Journal of Medicine
1007:
982:
958:
933:
374:New England Journal of Medicine
39:or discuss these issues on the
970:Massachusetts General Hospital
769:Massachusetts General Hospital
602:Massachusetts General Hospital
540:
482:
293:Massachusetts General Hospital
253:Massachusetts General Hospital
1:
1054:Ryan, Benjamin (2023-09-10).
904:10.1016/S2352-3018(14)00032-0
548:"Steven Kyle Grinspoon, M.D."
475:
399:Grinspoon was elected to the
1255:Clinical Infectious Diseases
1175:Clinical Infectious Diseases
886:10.1097/QAD.0b013e32835eca9b
450:Clinical Infectious Diseases
426:Clinical Infectious Diseases
274:
7:
1399:MGH Metabolism Unit Website
1144:Newman, Mark (2016-01-22).
721:Newman, Mark (2016-01-22).
651:Annals of Internal Medicine
10:
1492:
752:10.1172/jci.insight.140134
1476:Cornell University alumni
917:"Steven K. Grinspoon, MD"
406:In 2016, he received the
394:
283:in 1983. He attended the
279:Grinspoon graduated from
356:low-density lipoprotein
76:, as no other articles
1404:REPRIEVE Trial Website
1025:(7): e11. 2023-08-17.
823:10.1001/jama.2012.6698
630:10.1001/jama.2014.8334
249:Harvard Medical School
241:
1365:10.1056/NEJMoa2304146
868:10.1093/infdis/jix095
438:Circulation (journal)
289:Columbia Presbyterian
239:
134:neutral point of view
1032:10.1056/NEJMp2307347
792:10.1210/jc.2012-2794
709:10.1210/jc.2015-3993
535:10.1210/jc.2006-2190
299:Research and awards
295:from 1992 to 1995.
1267:10.1093/cid/cix178
1060:The New York Times
947:. 24 February 2015
316:, while improving
281:Cornell University
257:Neuroendocrinology
242:
95:for suggestions.
85:to this page from
1459:
1458:
1442:adding categories
1308:978-0-323-55596-8
1261:(10): 1422–1429.
412:Endocrine Society
408:Gerald D. Aurbach
330:hepatic steatosis
234:
233:
226:
216:
215:
208:
166:
165:
158:
129:with its subject.
109:
108:
54:
1483:
1454:
1451:
1445:
1422:
1414:
1386:
1385:
1383:
1381:
1376:
1344:
1338:
1337:
1319:
1313:
1312:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1278:
1246:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1208:
1202:
1201:
1199:
1197:
1166:
1160:
1159:
1157:
1156:
1141:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1130:
1116:
1110:
1109:
1107:
1106:
1084:
1078:
1077:
1075:
1074:
1051:
1045:
1044:
1034:
1011:
1005:
1004:
1002:
1001:
986:
980:
979:
977:
976:
962:
956:
955:
953:
952:
937:
931:
930:
928:
927:
913:
907:
895:
889:
877:
871:
859:
853:
852:
842:
801:
795:
783:
777:
776:
775:
771:
761:
755:
743:
737:
736:
734:
733:
718:
712:
700:
691:
690:
642:
633:
621:
612:
611:
609:
608:
594:
588:
587:
585:
583:
568:
562:
561:
559:
557:
544:
538:
526:
517:
516:
486:
245:Steven Grinspoon
240:Steven Grinspoon
229:
222:
211:
204:
200:
197:
191:
176:
175:
168:
161:
154:
150:
147:
141:
127:close connection
119:
118:
111:
104:
101:
90:
88:related articles
65:
57:
46:
24:
23:
16:
1491:
1490:
1486:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1481:
1480:
1461:
1460:
1455:
1449:
1446:
1435:
1423:
1395:
1390:
1389:
1379:
1377:
1345:
1341:
1334:
1320:
1316:
1309:
1295:
1291:
1281:
1279:
1247:
1243:
1233:
1231:
1209:
1205:
1195:
1193:
1167:
1163:
1154:
1152:
1142:
1138:
1128:
1126:
1118:
1117:
1113:
1104:
1102:
1092:Washington Post
1086:
1085:
1081:
1072:
1070:
1052:
1048:
1013:
1012:
1008:
999:
997:
988:
987:
983:
974:
972:
964:
963:
959:
950:
948:
945:CROI Conference
939:
938:
934:
925:
923:
915:
914:
910:
896:
892:
878:
874:
860:
856:
802:
798:
784:
780:
773:
762:
758:
744:
740:
731:
729:
719:
715:
701:
694:
657:(10): 786–794.
643:
636:
622:
615:
606:
604:
596:
595:
591:
581:
579:
570:
569:
565:
555:
553:
546:
545:
541:
527:
520:
513:
487:
483:
478:
420:
397:
301:
277:
251:, Chief of the
230:
219:
218:
217:
212:
201:
195:
192:
189:
177:
173:
162:
151:
145:
142:
131:
120:
116:
105:
99:
96:
86:
83:introduce links
66:
25:
21:
12:
11:
5:
1489:
1479:
1478:
1473:
1457:
1456:
1426:
1424:
1417:
1412:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1394:
1393:External links
1391:
1388:
1387:
1339:
1332:
1314:
1307:
1289:
1241:
1203:
1183:10.1086/367561
1161:
1150:Endocrine News
1136:
1111:
1094:. 2023-09-29.
1079:
1046:
1006:
981:
957:
932:
921:REPRIEVE Trial
908:
890:
872:
854:
817:(4): 379–386.
796:
778:
756:
738:
727:Endocrine News
713:
692:
634:
613:
589:
576:New York Times
563:
539:
518:
511:
491:"Contributors"
480:
479:
477:
474:
473:
472:
468:
467:
463:
462:
458:
457:
444:
433:
419:
418:Selected works
416:
396:
393:
300:
297:
276:
273:
269:cardiovascular
232:
231:
214:
213:
180:
178:
171:
164:
163:
123:
121:
114:
107:
106:
93:Find link tool
69:
67:
60:
55:
29:
28:
26:
19:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1488:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1471:Living people
1469:
1468:
1466:
1453:
1443:
1439:
1433:
1432:
1427:This article
1425:
1421:
1416:
1415:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1375:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1343:
1335:
1333:9780191840739
1329:
1325:
1318:
1310:
1304:
1300:
1293:
1277:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1245:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1207:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1165:
1151:
1147:
1140:
1125:
1121:
1115:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1083:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1050:
1042:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1010:
995:
991:
985:
971:
967:
961:
946:
942:
936:
922:
918:
912:
905:
901:
894:
887:
883:
876:
869:
865:
858:
850:
846:
841:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
800:
793:
789:
782:
770:
766:
760:
753:
749:
742:
728:
724:
717:
710:
706:
699:
697:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
641:
639:
631:
627:
620:
618:
603:
599:
593:
578:. 5 June 1988
577:
573:
567:
552:
549:
543:
536:
532:
525:
523:
514:
512:9780323297387
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
485:
481:
470:
469:
465:
464:
460:
459:
455:
452:
451:
445:
443:
440:
439:
434:
431:
428:
427:
422:
421:
415:
413:
409:
404:
402:
392:
390:
386:
385:rosiglitazone
382:
377:
375:
370:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
344:
340:
334:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
306:
296:
294:
290:
286:
282:
272:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
238:
228:
225:
210:
207:
199:
187:
185:
179:
170:
169:
160:
157:
149:
139:
135:
130:
128:
122:
113:
112:
103:
94:
89:
84:
80:
79:
75:
70:This article
68:
64:
59:
58:
53:
51:
44:
43:
38:
37:
32:
27:
18:
17:
1447:
1428:
1378:. Retrieved
1356:
1352:
1342:
1323:
1317:
1301:. Elsevier.
1298:
1292:
1280:. Retrieved
1258:
1254:
1244:
1232:. Retrieved
1220:
1216:
1206:
1194:. Retrieved
1174:
1164:
1153:. Retrieved
1149:
1139:
1127:. Retrieved
1124:the-asci.org
1123:
1114:
1103:. Retrieved
1091:
1082:
1071:. Retrieved
1059:
1049:
1022:
1018:
1009:
998:. Retrieved
996:. 2023-07-24
993:
984:
973:. Retrieved
969:
960:
949:. Retrieved
944:
935:
924:. Retrieved
920:
911:
893:
875:
857:
814:
810:
799:
781:
759:
741:
730:. Retrieved
726:
716:
654:
650:
605:. Retrieved
601:
592:
580:. Retrieved
575:
566:
554:. Retrieved
550:
542:
494:
484:
456:(1422–1429).
453:
448:
441:
436:
429:
424:
405:
398:
389:adipogenesis
378:
373:
359:
351:
347:
338:
335:
325:
321:
314:triglyceride
309:
305:visceral fat
302:
278:
244:
243:
220:
202:
193:
182:
152:
143:
124:
97:
71:
47:
40:
34:
33:Please help
30:
1217:Circulation
765:US 10946073
551:Harvard.edu
318:adiponectin
265:physiologic
1465:Categories
1431:categories
1155:2022-10-17
1105:2023-11-22
1073:2023-11-22
1000:2023-11-22
975:2023-11-22
951:2021-04-07
926:2021-04-07
732:2022-10-17
607:2021-04-07
476:References
360:Lancet HIV
326:Lancet HIV
261:Metabolism
91:; try the
78:link to it
36:improve it
1450:July 2021
1100:0190-8286
1068:0362-4331
1041:0028-4793
831:0098-7484
671:0003-4819
497:: v–xiv.
403:in 2003.
381:metformin
275:Education
196:July 2023
146:July 2023
138:talk page
100:June 2023
81:. Please
42:talk page
1438:help out
1380:1 August
1374:10564556
1191:12652374
849:22820791
687:53089714
679:15148065
432:(69-78).
1436:Please
1282:24 July
1276:5411395
1234:25 July
840:3724172
343:FDG PET
1371:
1330:
1305:
1273:
1196:1 July
1189:
1129:1 July
1098:
1066:
1039:
847:
837:
829:
774:
685:
677:
669:
582:1 July
556:1 July
509:
395:Awards
364:statin
74:orphan
72:is an
683:S2CID
1382:2024
1328:ISBN
1303:ISBN
1284:2024
1236:2024
1198:2024
1187:PMID
1131:2024
1096:ISSN
1064:ISSN
1037:ISSN
845:PMID
827:ISSN
811:JAMA
675:PMID
667:ISSN
584:2024
558:2024
507:ISBN
383:and
369:CROI
348:JAMA
339:JCEM
324:and
322:JAMA
310:NEJM
259:and
1440:by
1369:PMC
1361:doi
1357:389
1271:PMC
1263:doi
1225:doi
1179:doi
1027:doi
1023:389
900:doi
882:doi
864:doi
835:PMC
819:doi
815:308
788:doi
748:doi
705:doi
659:doi
655:140
626:doi
531:doi
499:doi
352:JID
1467::
1367:.
1359:.
1355:.
1351:.
1269:.
1259:64
1257:.
1253:.
1223:.
1221:18
1219:.
1215:.
1185:.
1177:.
1173:.
1148:.
1122:.
1090:.
1062:.
1058:.
1035:.
1021:.
1017:.
992:.
968:.
943:.
919:.
843:.
833:.
825:.
813:.
809:.
725:.
695:^
681:.
673:.
665:.
653:.
649:.
637:^
616:^
600:.
574:.
521:^
505:.
493:.
454:64
442:18
430:36
414:.
45:.
1452:)
1448:(
1434:.
1384:.
1363::
1336:.
1311:.
1286:.
1265::
1238:.
1227::
1200:.
1181::
1158:.
1133:.
1108:.
1076:.
1043:.
1029::
1003:.
978:.
954:.
929:.
902::
884::
866::
851:.
821::
790::
750::
735:.
707::
689:.
661::
628::
610:.
586:.
560:.
533::
515:.
501::
227:)
221:(
209:)
203:(
198:)
194:(
188:.
159:)
153:(
148:)
144:(
140:.
102:)
98:(
52:)
48:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
