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by ordering residents to stay home except for essential tasks or for work in essential businesses. The medical distinction between such an order and a quarantine is that a quarantine is usually understood to involve isolating only selected people who are considered to be possibly infectious rather
378:
When states and counties across the United States issued an order to have residents remain home, they either called it a shelter-in-place order or stay-at-home order. It has been clarified that these orders are not lockdowns because residents are allowed to go in and out of their homes in limited
482:
Some of the exceptions that allow citizens to leave their homes include work, often limited to essential jobs, grocery shopping, certain types of errands, medical care, or dog walking. Some places have allowed leaving home for certain types of outdoor exercise and recreation and gatherings with
453:
or state governments to impose a lockdown between states. In term of legality of an order, the government must be able to prove that the order advances a "compelling government interest" and the actions are narrow enough to specifically achieve that goal and they are not unnecessarily broad.
470:
In more restrictive measures in some locations, they require residents to carry paperwork (i.e., appropriate proof of qualifications) in order to go out and perform essential tasks (i.e., supply chain infrastructure, food delivery, healthcare, law enforcement, etc.).
281:
to describe the actions taken by these governments. As the lockdowns were expanded to other countries, there was a shift in the definitions. Measures are less restrictive and other terms emerged in attempts to differentiate from the most restrictive measure in China.
359:
procedure requires immediate actions in hiding and locking all doors. Additional actions may be taken such as turning off lights and staying away from windows. Students in all grade levels around the country participate in lockdown drills on a regular basis.
809:"The 2019–2020 Novel Coronavirus (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) Pandemic: A Joint American College of Academic International Medicine‑World Academic Council of Emergency Medicine Multidisciplinary COVID‑19 Working Group Consensus Paper"
551:
582:
Countries and territories around the world have enforced lockdowns of varying degrees. Some include total movement control while others have enforced restrictions based on time. Mostly, only essential businesses are allowed to remain open.
483:
limited numbers of people. Some places allow departure from one’s home for any reason provided one does not establish close contact with others from outside their household or beyond the limited numbers of people the jurisdiction permits.
315:
which would require seeking a safe place to hide within the same building that the person already occupies until the situation is resolved. This caused confusion to the residents under the order on what exactly they are supposed to do.
432:
were known as "lockdown laws". As health is mostly devolved, lockdown laws can differ between the nations of the UK. Lockdown regulations were made as emergency laws, powers passed onto the government by existing public health laws.
462:
The scope of lockdowns or stay-at-home orders can vary. There is no universal definition of what is deemed essential. Some orders allow residents to come out for outdoor activities. When residents come out of the house, the
188:
Similar measures have been used around the world, and, both officially and colloquially, different names have been used to refer to them, often only very loosely linked to the term's actual medical meaning. Examples include
169:
than the entire population of an area (though many colloquially refer to stay-at-home orders as quarantines). In many cases, outdoor activities are allowed. Non-essential businesses are either closed or adapted to
1692:"Public Attitudes, Behaviors, and Beliefs Related to COVID-19, Stay-at-Home Orders, Nonessential Business Closures, and Public Health Guidance — United States, New York City, and Los Angeles, May 5–12, 2020"
479:
Most orders that restrict citizens from leaving their homes grants exceptions to certain persons or for certain situations that are available to all or most members of the population.
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reported that 79.5% of US adults surveyed during May 5–12 supported stay-at-home orders and nonessential business closures as government-mandated COVID-19 mitigation strategies.
1322:
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1079:
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rules are typically applied. Some examples of essential services are banks, gas stations, grocery stores, medical offices, pharmacies, and restaurants (without dining in).
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may send a wrong message for people to incorrectly think that it includes door-to-door searching for infected people to be forced into quarantines similar to the
337:
criticized anyone using the term shelter-in-place for his stay-at-home order as it would invoke panic due to its association with active shooting situations or
209:
Stay-at-home orders have colloquially (and sometimes officially) been referred to as quarantine or lockdown – but some officials have a concern that the word
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618:
668:
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circumstances. Some jurisdictions have determined that there is a legal or practical distinction between the terms "stay-at-home" and "shelter-in-place".
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1511:"French people ignored officials' warnings to isolate themselves because of the coronavirus. Now they need a form to leave the house"
1510:
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375:
of
Chicago made a comment about the stay-at-home order of Illinois by trying to differentiate it from a lockdown or a martial law.
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either on a nationwide or local basis in 63 countries, affecting approximately 47 per cent of the world's student population. The
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to the states. State governments can use this power within their own state. However, there is no clear authority for either the
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When such exceptions are allowed, restrictions could be in place regarding the distance one can travel from their home or
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Many jurisdictions in the United States have referred to their stay-at-home orders by the slogan "Stay home, stay safe."
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instead. Other US states started using the term when they announced their statewide order. In a press conference,
1616:
916:
262:
1054:"Coronavirus: Newsom's stay-at-home order differs from the Bay Area's shelter-in-place rules. Now what happens?"
301:
issued an order in March 2020 for residents to stay home to control the outbreak of COVID-19, they called it a
1486:"Explaining a mass quarantine: What does it mean to 'shelter in place'? And who has the power to call for it?"
326:
announced the state-wide order for
California, superseding the Bay Area's order on March 19, he used the term
546:
1755:
1194:
54:
1538:"Do Stay-at-Home Orders Cause People to Stay at Home? Effects of Stay-at-Home Orders on Consumer Behavior"
1485:
1760:
1323:"Coronavirus in Oklahoma: More than a quarter of Oklahoma residents firmly under shelter-in-place orders"
1000:"Self-isolation, quarantine and California's stay-at-home order: What the terms mean and how they differ"
514:
270:
234:
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556:
246:
1426:
1350:"Coronavirus in Houston: What's the difference between a stay-at-home order and a shelter-in-place?"
776:
285:
1431:
58:
1031:
777:"Wuhan lockdown 'unprecedented', shows commitment to contain virus: WHO representative in China"
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telling people to stay home and only travel for essential purposes during the COVID-19 pandemic
320:
294:
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in the northern part of the country, the media also used the term lockdown, which was used for
398:
156:– is an order from a government authority that restricts movements of a population as a mass
1296:"These states are ordering residents to stay home or shelter in place. What does that mean?"
112:
50:
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975:"Bay Area coronavirus decision: Behind the scenes of nation's first shelter-in-place order"
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8:
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20:
917:"A running list of countries that are on lockdown because of the coronavirus pandemic"
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696:
273:, as well as other countries around the world. Although it is not a technical term in
1731:
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1354:
1080:"New York, Illinois Governors Issue Stay At Home Orders, Following California's Lead"
808:
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464:
1108:"Shelter in place, stay at home, quarantine: What do coronavirus restrictions mean?"
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to mean that people cannot leave their homes. In an attempt to avoid confusion,
372:
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1401:"Iso named 2020's word of the year by Australian National Dictionary Centre"
619:"What You Can and Cannot Do During a Stay-at-Home or Shelter-in-Place Order"
1735:
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813:
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1592:"Coronavirus: 7 dead, 229 infected in Italy as Europe braces for COVID-19"
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A 2021 study found that stay-at-home orders caused people to stay home.
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572:
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575:, and similar restrictions were enforced globally in response to the
403:
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to restrict movements of people in order to control the outbreak of
1595:
1187:
Guide for
Developing High-Quality School Emergency Operations Plans
1027:"Stop Using the Term 'Shelter in Place' for the Coronavirus Crisis"
944:"Italy and China used lockdowns to slow the coronavirus. Could we?"
890:"France Announces Two-Week Lockdown, Orders Residents to Stay Home"
796:
356:
351:
254:
241:
230:
165:
161:
915:
Secon, Holly; Frias, Lauren; McFall-Johnsen, Morgan (2020-03-20).
1269:"Gov. Pritzker issued a stay-at-home order. What does that mean?"
781:
407:
669:"Coronavirus stay-at-home and shelter-in-place orders, by state"
173:. In some regions, it has been implemented as a round-the-clock
1620:
1425:
Brown, Jennifer; Ferguson, Daniel; Barber, Sarah (2022-07-14).
1242:"Shelter in place, stay at home, lockdown: What the terms mean"
835:"Coronavirus: Venice Carnival closes as Italy imposes lockdown"
721:"Coronavirus lockdowns: 24 hours of confusion around the world"
568:
487:
174:
111:
Please try to keep recent events in historical perspective and
395:, is often colloquially used to refer to stay-at-home orders.
19:
For stay-at-home orders related to the COVID-19 pandemic, see
753:"In pandemic, word definitions shift and new lexicon emerges"
697:"In pandemic, word definitions shift and new lexicon emerges"
41:
deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a
1380:
647:
1217:"When Was the Last Time American Children Were So Afraid?"
249:(WHO) to describe the action taken in January 2020 by the
1377:"Stay-at-home vs shelter-in-place: Here's what they mean"
1084:
1004:
839:
725:
914:
863:"Spain orders nationwide lockdown to battle coronavirus"
428:
laws which restricted movement and gathering during the
311:
had been used in other emergency situations such as an
1766:
Containment efforts related to the COVID-19 pandemic
1642:"Everything you need to know about Stay-Home Notice"
1138:. Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety
644:"City of Birmingham under Shelter in Place in order"
1424:
355:has been widely used in emergency preparedness. A
1667:"How quarantine orders, stay-home notices differ"
1747:
1535:
305:. People were not familiar with it as the term
1617:"COVID-19 Educational Disruption and Response"
585:Schools, universities and colleges have closed
591:is an example of a lockdown due to COVID-19.
144:– also referred to by loose use of the terms
39:The examples and perspective in this article
1157:"Emergency Lockdown Planning Considerations"
613:
611:
1696:MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
1458:"BIHR Explainer: Lockdown and Human Rights"
966:
714:
712:
1135:Violence in the Workplace Prevention Guide
596:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
349:In the United States and Canada, the term
160:strategy for suppressing or mitigating an
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718:
608:
77:Learn how and when to remove this message
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750:
709:
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550:
410:indicates that the playground is closed.
397:
284:
1536:Alexander, Diane; Karger, Ezra (2021).
1479:
1477:
1260:
1214:
997:
941:
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589:2020 Singapore circuit breaker measures
430:COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom
1748:
1542:The Review of Economics and Statistics
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181:, but it is not to be confused with a
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277:or laws, the media continued to use
207:‘strict social distancing measures’.
88:
25:
1161:Federal Emergency Management Agency
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261:. When Italian authorities imposed
13:
1347:
387:In Melbourne and Sydney, the term
14:
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1427:"Coronavirus: the lockdown laws"
561:Prince George's County, Maryland
501:
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443:United States constitutional law
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30:
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1484:Florko, Nicholas (2020-03-17).
1450:
1439:from the original on 2023-06-09
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998:Waldrop, Theresa (2020-03-20).
991:
935:
908:
888:Mcardle, Mairead (2020-03-16).
881:
854:
719:Kottasová, Ivana (2020-03-17).
1375:Tatham, Chelsea (2020-03-25).
827:
769:
744:
688:
661:
636:
567:Numerous stay-at-home orders,
245:was used by the media and the
220:
1:
1240:Hays, Holly V. (2020-03-23).
1106:Corey, Rebecca (2020-03-21).
942:Resnick, Brian (2020-03-10).
751:Sedensky, Matt (2020-03-20).
695:Sedensky, Matt (2020-03-20).
601:
547:COVID-19 lockdowns by country
474:
115:related to non-recent events.
106:slanted towards recent events
1665:Yong, Clement (2020-03-20).
1509:Baker, Sinéad (2020-03-17).
1348:Wu, Gwendolyn (2020-03-24).
1321:Branch, Kayla (2020-03-29).
1195:U.S. Department of Education
1025:Singal, Jesse (2020-03-19).
973:Ravani, Sarah (2020-03-21).
555:Variable-message sign along
488:the hours one can leave home
382:
367:can also be associated with
7:
1294:Hauck, Grace (2020-03-21).
1267:Munks, Jamie (2020-03-20).
1215:Pinsker, Joe (2019-05-09).
1052:Tolan, Casey (2020-03-20).
235:Cordon sanitaire (medicine)
53:, discuss the issue on the
10:
1787:
540:
224:
18:
1690:Czeisler, Mark É (2020).
861:Jones, Sam (2020-03-14).
263:a strict quarantine order
247:World Health Organization
1432:House of Commons Library
594:On 12 June 2020, the US
457:
293:When the authorities in
979:San Francisco Chronicle
1709:10.15585/mmwr.mm6924e1
564:
441:In the United States,
411:
321:Governor of California
303:shelter-in-place order
295:San Francisco Bay Area
290:
179:shelter-in-place order
142:movement control order
554:
401:
288:
1554:10.1162/rest_a_01108
757:The Associated Press
373:Mayor Lori Lightfoot
332:Governor of New York
259:2020 Hubei lockdowns
59:create a new article
51:improve this article
1756:Disaster management
251:government of China
138:safer-at-home order
16:Quarantine strategy
1761:Domestic responses
565:
543:COVID-19 lockdowns
513:. You can help by
451:federal government
412:
328:stay-at-home order
291:
134:stay-at-home order
21:COVID-19 lockdowns
1671:The Straits Times
1355:Houston Chronicle
577:COVID-19 pandemic
537:COVID-19 pandemic
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465:social distancing
391:, shortened from
199:self-) quarantine
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