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love, We have determined to sanction it and to promulgate it, in the faith that God will bless Our intentions, and that the free, strong and happy Nation will always show itself ever more worthy of its ancient fame and will deserve a glorious future. For this reason, by Our certain Royal authority, having had the opinion of Our Concil, We have ordered and We do order with the force of
Statute and fundamental Law, perpetual and irrevocable from the Monarchy, that which follows:
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874:; State Councillors; Members of the Royal Academy of Science and of the High Council of Public Education; and other citizens who have distinguished themselves through their services, achievements and contributions. The Royal Princes were members of the Senate by right from the age of 21 onward, with full voting rights after the age of 25, sitting immediately after the President.
1026:
Originally, while ministers were legally responsible to the
Chambers, they were politically responsible only to the King. However, as the power and prestige of the Chambers grew over the years, it became virtually impossible for a King to appoint a ministry entirely of his own choosing, or keep it in
1022:
The King appointed and dismissed the
Ministers. They could not vote in either Chamber unless they were members. They had the right of entrance to both Chambers and the right to speak upon request. Ministers were legally responsible for government acts, and all laws and acts had to be countersigned by
700:
after the King turned seven. If that prince was younger than 21, these duties passed to the next in line, until the King reached majority. In the absence of male relatives, the Queen Mother served as regent. If there was no Queen Mother, the ministers were required to convene the
Chambers within ten
542:
Having considered the broad and strong representative institutions contained in the present
Fundamental Statute to be the most certain means of redoubling with the links of indissoluble affection that bind to Our Italian Crown a People who have given Us so many proofs of faith, of obedience and of
536:
With regal loyalty and fatherly love We come today to accomplish what We had announced to Our most beloved subjects with Our proclamation of the 8th of the
February last, with which We wanted to demonstrate, in the midst of the extraordinary events which surround the country, how Our confidence in
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of the
Kingdom from the pure constitutional one (like the Constitution of the German Empire of 1871, or of the French Constitutions of 1814 and 1830, in which the Government had to enjoy the trust of the King and him alone, and Parliament had no say in its physiological course), to a parliamentary
912:
The
Chamber of Deputies was popularly elected, and was composed of members chosen from their constituencies in conformity with the law. Deputies were required to be Italian subjects, at least 30 years old, enjoy civil and political rights and fulfill all other requirements established by the law.
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to the
Chambers by way of the proper authorities. The petitions were then examined by the Chambers through their committees to determine if they were worthy of consideration. If they were considered worthy, they were sent to the responsible Minister or offices. The Senate and Chamber of Deputies
1168:
Indeed, from an analysis of various critical junctures in the history of the
Kingdom of Italy, it was believed that the substance of power has always been in the hands of the King alone and the few men who enjoyed his trust. Many elements confirm this impression: just three people «led Italy to
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The Statute provided for the retention of all courts, tribunals, and judges that existed at the time it came into force. The judicial organization could only be altered by legislation. No one could be withdrawn from his ordinary legal jurisdiction. Consequently, no extraordinary tribunals or
1126:
The subjects of the Kingdom celebrated for the first time the grant of the Constitution on 27 February 1848 but the day of celebration later became the first Sunday of June. This national day originally meant to represent the achievement of liberty but by time the national day was seen as a
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The Chamber of Deputies elected its own President, Vice-President and Secretaries at the beginning of each session for its entire duration. If a Deputy ceased, for whatever reason, to fulfill his functions, new elections were required to be held in his constituency as soon as possible.
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The Statute took effect on the day of the first meeting of the Chambers, which was required to take place immediately after the election. Until then, public service was provided by urgent and sovereign dispositions in the forms that were followed before the adoption of the Statute.
988:. All bills had to be examined by the committees, and had to be approved article by article by both Chambers before being transmitted to the King for his approval. If a bill was rejected in either Chamber or vetoed by the King, it could not be reintroduced during the same session.
470:
The Statute was proclaimed only because of concern at the revolutionary insurrection agitating Italy in 1848. At the time, Charles Albert was only following the example of other Italian rulers, but his Statute was the only constitution to survive the repression that followed the
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could only hear from their own Members, the Ministers and the Government's Commissioners. Each Chamber had the sole authority to judge the validity and eligibility of its own members, and to establish its own internal rules regarding the exercise of its functions.
924:, nor could he be brought before a court in a criminal proceeding without the prior consent of the Chamber. A Deputy could not be arrested for indebtedness while the Chamber was in session, nor during the three weeks immediately preceding and following a session.
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For the execution of the Statute, the King reserved the right to make laws on the press, on the elections, on the communal militia and the rearrangement of the State Council. Until the publication of the laws on the press, the previous laws remained in effect.
882:
and other crimes against national security, and to judge ministers accused by the Chamber of Deputies. In these circumstances, the Senate did not constitute a political entity and had only focus on the judicial affairs for which it was convened.
853:
Senators were appointed by the King for life, and had to be at least 40 years old. The Statute gave a list of different categories among which senators were chosen, with different criteria and requirements for each category. The list included
1039:
The Statute granted the King the power to appoint and dismiss ministers (Article 65). They could not, in theory unlike in practice, be removed by anyone apart from the King because executive power belonged to the King alone (Article 5);
537:
them increases with the gravity of the circumstances and, heeding only of the impulses of Our heart, how determined is Our intention to adapt their destiny to the spirit of the times, for the interest and for the dignity of the Nation.
453:
The Constitution established a uninominal-majoritarian electoral system and initially gave suffrage to wealthy males over the age of 25. In 1919, the uninominal-majoritarian system was altered into a proportional representation system.
877:
The President and the Vice-President of the Senate were appointed by the King, while the Secretaries were chosen by the Senate. By Royal decree, the Senate could be empowered to sit as a High Court of Justice to judge crimes of
318:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
758:
The Statute did not explicitly exclude women from the right to vote (Article No.24), this led to controversies as Courts disagreed with each other until the precedent of the Supreme Court forbidding women to vote.
1031:
that ministers were both legally and politically responsible to the Chambers, notwithstanding the Statuto's provision that the King alone held executive power. This convention was so firmly established that when
788:, except in those cases and in the manners prescribed by the law. All properties were inviolable. However, if public interest mandated it, citizens could be required to give up all or part of their property with
445:
and remained in force, with changes, until 1948. Charles Albert did not want to grant a Constitutional Charter so he attempted to maintain as much power as he could even though the Statute marked the end of his
1240:
1102:
were maintained by those with a right to them, while the King could confer new ones. No one could receive decorations, titles, or pensions from a foreign power without the authorization of the King.
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Deputies were elected for at least five years, unless the Chamber was dissolved before then, and they represented the nation as a whole, with no binding mandate from their individual constituencies.
1173:(King, Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs), precisely in strict application of Article 5 of the Statute, without Parliament being able to formally express an orientation about the war».
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was the first and the last to make use of the large might of this provision by appointing Mussolini and letting it be known he would not dismiss him if the Chambers withdrew confidence from him.
959:
The sessions of the Chambers were required to start and finish at the same time. Any meeting of one chamber convened while the other was out of session was illegal, and its proceedings were
723:
During the coronation, the King was required to swear before both Chambers to act in accordance with the Statute, while the regent was required to swear loyalty to the King and the Statute.
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to be loyal to the King, to loyally observe the Statute and the laws of the State, and to exercise their functions with the sole aim of the inseparable good of the King and of the nation.
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regardless of ranks and titles, and made all citizens eligible for civil and military offices, except for the restrictions provided by the law. All citizens were required to pay taxes in
973:
Senators and deputies served without pay. They could not be held accountable for opinions expressed and votes given in the Chambers. Sittings of the Chambers were public, but they could
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708:
The Statute established the economic benefits and privileges of the Crown and the members of the royal family, reaffirming also the King's ownership of His assets, which included
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661:
annually convene the Chambers, prorogue them and dissolve the Chamber of Deputies, with the proviso that a new Chamber must be convened within four months of its dissolution.
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Italian was defined as the working language of both chambers. However, members could use French if they represented areas in which it is used, or in response to the same.
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them, as well as issue the decrees and regulations necessary for their execution. The Article No.7 also gave the King the ability to withhold countersignature.
720:, as well as all His personal properties. Of these assets the Statute mandated an inventory to be compiled and regularly updated by the responsible Minister.
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propose new legislation, a power shared with the Chambers. However, taxation and appropriations bills were required to originate in the Chamber of Deputies.
1161:) in which he called for the replacement of government of the parliamentary type with government of the "constitutional" type. This became the political
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The King appointed all judges, who administered justice in his name. Except for cantonal judges, judges were irremovable after three years of service.
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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Proceedings of tribunals in civil matters and hearings in criminal matters were public, in conformity with the law. The courts did not exercise
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was achieved in 1860 and the Kingdom of Sardinia became the Kingdom of Italy. Even though it suffered deep modifications, especially during the
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No one could be a Senator and a Deputy at the same time. Voting could be done by standing and sitting, by division into groups or by
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celebration to the monarchy itself, and continued to be seen in the same way even after Benito Mussolini acquired power.
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The Ministers were appointed and responsible for the execution and the full observance of the transitional dispositions.
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in 1948, which superseded several primary features of the document, with specific regard to those of monarchical nature.
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing Italian Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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was granted, but the government was empowered to punish abuses of this freedom. Moreover, the Statute granted the
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on 4 March 1848 and written in Italian and French. The Statute later became the constitution of the unified
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Engraving of the Palace of the Supreme Magistrates in Turin, known also as Palace of the Senate of Savoy.
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and others. He was required to notify the Chambers of these treaties except in circumstances where vital
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consolidated his power, he passed a law explicitly stating that he was not responsible to the Chambers.
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Since the first years of the Statute's life, a practice had developed which had apparently shifted the
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of members of each chamber had to be present for the sitting to be legal. Deliberations were taken by
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the King's Ministers and bring them to trial before the High Court of Justice, which was the Senate.
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and Bishops of the State; Presidents and members of the Chamber of Deputies; Ministers of the State;
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of the reigning King, but if the crown prince was already of age, he automatically became regent.
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No senator could be arrested without an order of the Senate, except when they were apprehended
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was exercised collectively by the King, the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies (Article No.3).
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Taxes could not be levied or collected without the consent of the Chambers and the King. The
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was granted for all existing forms of worship, in conformity with the law (Article No.1). The
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office against the express will of the Chambers. As a result, it became a well-established
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Memorial portrait of Carlo Alberto of Savoy with his right hand posed on the Statute, 1849
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was not recognised), though the government could regulate this right in the interest of
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Engraving representing the Chambers of Deputies of the Kingdom of Sardinia (1852), in
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No Deputy could be arrested while the Chamber is in session, except when apprehended
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is guaranteed and every obligation of the State to its creditors had to be met.
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Constitution of the kingdoms of Sardinia (1848–61) and unified Italy (1861–1948)
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and the communal militia. All laws contrary to the Statute were declared void.
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1349:"La prima carta costituzionale dell'Italia unita: Lo Statuto Albertino"
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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was vested in the King alone (Article No.5), who was declared to be "
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475:(1848–49). The Statute remained the basis of the legal system after
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days to name a regent. The same procedures applied in the event of
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1363:"Si celebra in Puglia la festa nazionale dello Statuto Albertino"
1309:. The official website of the Presidency of the Italian Republic.
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in closed session when requested in written form by ten members.
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684:, the prince most closely related to him in accordance with the
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that reaffirms the authority of the King, in the context of the
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1223:"Statuto Albertino | mappa concettuale | Studenti.it"
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KING OF SARDINIA, OF CYPRUS, AND OF JERUSALEM Etc., Etc., Etc.
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that was sweeping across Europe and the Kingdom, by stating:
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concerns forbade it. However, treaties entailing either a
1241:"The Italian Elections and the Problem of Representation"
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1083:, as well as their districts. The law also regulated the
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Nascita e morte della democrazia in Parlamento 1920-1924
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to this template: there are already 660 articles in the
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Every citizen over the age of 21 had the right to send
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for the proclamation of the Albertine Statute, in 1848.
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Before taking office, Senators and Deputies took an
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Notice of the proclamation of the Albertine Statute.
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a machine-translated version of the Italian article.
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Provisions Common to Both Chambers (Articles 48–64)
603:Among the powers of the King were the capacity to
584:, with an hereditary crown, in accordance with the
101:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
727:The Rights and Duties of Citizens (Articles 24–32)
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802:the sole authority to grant permission to print
943:Engraving of Turin's Piazza Castello, with the
413:Charles Albert signs the Statute, 4 March 1848.
1321:"A brief history of women's suffrage in Italy"
840:
353:accompanying your translation by providing an
298:Click for important translation instructions.
285:expand this article with text translated from
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1165:of the right-wing parties for two decades.
1153:when, on January 1897, published an article,
1090:The State retained the flag and the existing
1149:This customary development was contested by
696:of the King, taking this last duty from the
547:
205:introducing citations to additional sources
487:(who ruled with the tacit approval of King
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
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1075:The law regulated the institutions of the
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395:Learn how and when to remove this message
161:Learn how and when to remove this message
1098:and establish their statutes. Titles of
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896:The Chamber of Deputies (Articles 39–47)
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195:Relevant discussion may be found on the
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1335:"Le dieci maestre che vollero votare"
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1023:a Minister in order to take effect.
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1071:General Provisions (Articles 74–81)
680:at the age of eighteen. During his
645:had to be ratified by the Chambers.
564:The Statute starts by establishing
365:{{Translated|it|Statuto Albertino}}
24:
1377:"La Festa dello Statuto Albertino"
762:The Statute granted the rights of
743:The Statute declared all citizens
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1535:Constitutions of former countries
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1245:American Political Science Review
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1209:Modern Italy: A Political History
45:This article has multiple issues.
1239:Palombara, Joseph G. La (1953).
792:and in accordance with the law.
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188:relies largely or entirely on a
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1545:1848 in the Kingdom of Sardinia
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1142:form that recalled that of the
753:proportion to their possessions
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53:or discuss these issues on the
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1469:Cisalpine Constitution of 1797
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1048:The Judiciary (Articles 68–73)
1010:The Ministers (Articles 65–67)
822:, peacefully and unarmed (the
818:until 1870. Citizens had the
512:of the Statute consists of an
363:You may also add the template
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927:The Chamber had the right to
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1159:Let's go back to the Statute
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648:appoint all state officials.
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1425:(annotated PDF translation)
1389:D. Argondizzo, G. Buonomo,
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841:The Senate (Articles 33–38)
824:right to keep and bear arms
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335:will aid in categorization.
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1560:Italian constitutional law
1393:, Rubbettino, 2024, p. 10.
1207:Mack Smith, Denis (1997).
749:civil and political rights
435:Charles Albert of Sardinia
310:Machine translation, like
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772:and inviolability of the
548:The State (Articles 1–23)
473:First War of Independence
287:the corresponding article
1211:. Yale University Press.
951:in the front right, and
820:right to freely assemble
651:sign bills into law and
614:of all the armed forces.
582:representative monarchy
493:republican constitution
374:For more guidance, see
1530:Legal history of Italy
1459:Constitutions of Italy
1304:"Lo Statuto Albertino"
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1155:Torniamo allo Statuto
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1479:Constitution of 1802
1225:. 10 September 2020.
1092:Orders of Knighthood
922:in flagrante delicto
889:in flagrante delicto
796:Freedom of the press
745:equal before the law
201:improve this article
95:improve this article
1540:Kingdom of Sardinia
1423:Text of the Statute
1415:Text of the Statute
1407:Text of the Statute
1169:participate in the
1132:Back to the Statute
1042:Victor Emmanuel III
784:, or have his home
703:physical incapacity
686:order of succession
574:freedom of religion
526:by the grace of God
489:Victor Emmanuel III
477:Italian unification
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