86:, the space-and-time to which people are accustomed, is the "space of places", which is unlike the "space of flows" because it lacks the three elements of (i) a proper flow medium, (ii) the proper items composing the flow traversing through it, and (iii) the organisational nodes through which these flows circulate. The space of flows concept comprehends human action and interaction occurring dynamically and at a distance—effected via telecommunications technology containing continuous flows of time-sensitive communications, and the nodes of global
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Traditionally, the concept of space is considered a passive entity, while time is considered a separate and active entity. Space should not be disconnected from time, because space is a dynamic entity related to time. Castells rejected the contention that space will disappear upon the creation of the
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Castells defines the concepts as follows: "The material arrangements that allow for simultaneity of social practices without territorial contiguity. It is not purely electronic space...It is made up first of all of a technological infrastructure of information systems, telecommunications, and
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In 2001, Castells wrote: "the space of flows ... links up distant locales around shared functions and meanings on the basis of electronic circuits and fast transportation corridors, while isolating and subduing the logic of experience embodied in the space of places".
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to "reconceptualize new forms of spatial arrangements under the new technological paradigm"; a new type of space that allows distant synchronous, real-time interaction. The space of flows first was mentioned in
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The
Informational City: Information Technology, Economic Restructuring, and the Urban Regional Process
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is "the material organization of time-sharing social practices that work through flows".
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because the groups' positions in time become more important than their places.
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systems. These informational flows connect people to a continuous, real-time
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196:(2001), by Pekka Himanen, New York, Random House pp. 155–78
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Castells, Manuel. "An
Introduction to the Information Age" in
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Manuel
Castells (1999). "Grassrooting the Space of Flows".
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211:. University of Toronto (2003). 13 February 2006.
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192:"Informationalism and the Network Society" in
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37:(1989).
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