42:
2718:
1672:
1695:
2729:
1698:
1405:
consists of 34 chapters. The book naturally falls in two parts: chapters concerned with tactics for the
Questioner (3–8 and 12–15) and chapters concerned with tactics for the Answerer (16–32). Besides, there is an introduction (1–2), an interlude (9–11), and a conclusion (33–34).
2251:
2004:
1139:
1647:
Forgotten
Ancient Commentaries on Aristotle's Sphistical Refutations: Fragments of Aspasios, Herminos, Alexander, Syrianos and Philoponos
960:
880:
2182:
1756:
1050:
1414:
The fallacies
Aristotle identifies in Chapter 4 (formal fallacies) and 5 (informal fallacies) of this book are the following:
1726:
1253:
2305:
1683:
2666:
1326:
41:
2340:
1654:
2221:
1867:
679:
505:
1709:
2246:
1169:
1134:
1676:
2586:
1836:
2698:
2611:
1862:
1749:
1223:
2703:
2084:
1213:
2754:
1060:
2325:
1944:
1567:
2759:
2688:
1506:
970:
102:
1627:
2267:
1742:
1501:
1124:
372:
2148:
2089:
263:
92:
2241:
2127:
2104:
2031:
1927:
1437:
1319:
1154:
1030:
1020:
940:
377:
166:
1716:
2355:
2350:
2330:
2132:
1845:
1614:
1484:
1354:
1198:
1109:
1040:
900:
659:
522:
437:
334:
114:
2444:
2345:
2335:
2300:
2198:
2177:
2066:
1104:
1094:
890:
664:
624:
367:
52:
8:
2641:
2414:
2203:
2158:
2122:
2074:
2046:
1546:
1442:
1432:
1387:
1203:
1159:
1149:
1144:
1000:
674:
339:
207:
2721:
2631:
2458:
2381:
2167:
2112:
2051:
2014:
1915:
1789:
1688:
1602:
1472:
1288:
1099:
1070:
920:
870:
799:
724:
709:
642:
600:
311:
256:
137:
119:
2733:
2693:
2621:
2606:
2581:
2404:
2394:
2036:
1979:
1885:
1824:
1722:
1650:
1606:
1490:
1447:
1312:
1263:
1119:
1010:
849:
844:
669:
632:
593:
500:
251:
196:
131:
25:
794:
2576:
2434:
2277:
2117:
1949:
1910:
1904:
1805:
1592:
1452:
1283:
1228:
1114:
784:
610:
329:
246:
239:
107:
60:
2646:
2542:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2213:
2172:
2041:
1932:
1765:
1248:
1164:
980:
839:
749:
714:
654:
549:
495:
452:
145:
2636:
2616:
2571:
2547:
2424:
2079:
1811:
1365:
1345:
1192:
990:
824:
719:
649:
539:
532:
392:
324:
1597:
1588:
2748:
2626:
2537:
2529:
2419:
2360:
1999:
1994:
1478:
1293:
1278:
1129:
930:
789:
764:
729:
576:
544:
75:
65:
2683:
2409:
1954:
1897:
1879:
1427:
1273:
1218:
819:
605:
460:
429:
297:
1544:
2559:
2399:
2389:
2094:
1891:
1857:
1496:
1386:. According to Aristotle, this is the first work to treat the subject of
1298:
1258:
1233:
744:
739:
423:
413:
97:
2515:
2481:
1851:
1784:
950:
829:
814:
809:
588:
510:
471:
385:
276:
172:
2676:
2493:
2471:
2429:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2236:
2226:
1989:
1967:
1938:
1830:
1779:
1373:
1268:
769:
699:
637:
569:
483:
466:
447:
442:
228:
222:
201:
183:
2488:
2476:
2466:
2439:
2231:
1984:
1704:
581:
559:
477:
283:
269:
80:
70:
33:
1734:
1671:
1589:"Aristotle's On Sophistical Refutations. Topoi 31, 243–248 (2012)"
2564:
2552:
2023:
1841:
1568:"Aristotle's Logic, < Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy>"
1383:
1378:
834:
759:
754:
704:
564:
554:
527:
290:
234:
177:
124:
85:
1921:
1243:
1238:
779:
774:
734:
515:
490:
418:
352:
318:
305:
216:
190:
2671:
1973:
1960:
1873:
1818:
804:
359:
345:
1208:
1462:
Fallacies not in the language or informal fallacies (
1359:
2252:On Youth, Old Age, Life and Death, and Respiration
1545:Aristotle; Translated by W. A. Pickard-Cambridge.
2457:
2380:
1559:
2746:
1565:
1418:Fallacies in the language or formal fallacies (
1750:
1715:Parry, William T.; Hacker, Edward A. (1991),
1710:ChangingMinds.org: "Aristotle's 13 fallacies"
1538:
1320:
2528:
1714:
961:A Dialogue Concerning Oratorical Partitions
1757:
1743:
1644:
1586:
1327:
1313:
1596:
1051:Copia: Foundations of the Abundant Style
1409:
2747:
1566:Edward N. Zalta, ed. (18 March 2000).
16:Text by Aristotle on logical fallacies
2599:
2508:
1738:
1689:Translated by W. A. Pickard-Cambridge
1580:
1254:Rhetoric of social intervention model
2306:On Melissus, Xenophanes, and Gorgias
1764:
13:
2667:Transmission of the Greek Classics
1638:
14:
2771:
2341:The Situations and Names of Winds
1664:
2727:
2717:
2716:
1693:
1670:
1382:in which he identified thirteen
40:
2247:On Length and Shortness of Life
1837:Correspondence theory of truth
1519:
1:
2183:Constitution of the Athenians
1531:
1224:List of feminist rhetoricians
2085:On Generation and Corruption
1547:"On Sophistical Refutations"
1513:
1214:Glossary of rhetorical terms
7:
1721:, SUNY Press, p. 435,
1703:public domain audiobook at
1645:Gysembergh, Victor (2023).
1525:Sometimes listed as twelve.
1397:
1360:
1061:Language as Symbolic Action
10:
2776:
2326:On Marvellous Things Heard
1945:Potentiality and actuality
1403:On Sophistical Refutations
2712:
2689:Commentaries on Aristotle
2659:
2373:
2276:
2260:
2212:
2191:
2157:
2141:
2103:
2065:
2022:
2013:
1798:
1772:
1598:10.1007/s11245-012-9124-0
1507:Fallacy of many questions
1349:
971:De Optimo Genere Oratorum
1502:Affirming the consequent
2057:Sophistical Refutations
1677:Sophistical Refutations
1470:
1370:De Sophisticis Elenchis
1341:Sophistical Refutations
911:De Sophisticis Elenchis
2242:On Divination in Sleep
1928:Horror vacui (physics)
1649:. Boston: De Gruyter.
1622:Cite journal requires
1369:
1031:De doctrina Christiana
1021:Dialogus de oratoribus
941:Rhetorica ad Herennium
167:Captatio benevolentiae
2734:Philosophy portal
2356:Rhetoric to Alexander
1485:Irrelevant conclusion
1455:or form of expression
1199:Communication studies
1041:De vulgari eloquentia
901:Rhetoric to Alexander
2445:Andronicus of Rhodes
2346:On Virtues and Vices
2301:On Indivisible Lines
2222:Sense and Sensibilia
2192:Rhetoric and poetics
2005:mathematical realism
1682:HTML Greek text via
1410:Fallacies identified
1361:Sophistikoi Elenchoi
2415:Strato of Lampsacus
2047:Posterior Analytics
1799:Ideas and interests
1700:Sophistical Elenchi
1394:, 34, 183b34 ff.).
1390:in ancient Greece (
1388:deductive reasoning
1204:Composition studies
1135:Health and medicine
1001:Institutio Oratoria
208:Eloquentia perfecta
2755:Works by Aristotle
2459:Islamic Golden Age
2382:Peripatetic school
2168:Nicomachean Ethics
1863:Future contingents
1718:Aristotelian Logic
1350:Σοφιστικοὶ Ἔλεγχοι
1289:Terministic screen
1071:A General Rhetoric
601:Resignation speech
138:Studia humanitatis
120:Byzantine rhetoric
2742:
2741:
2694:Metabasis paradox
2655:
2654:
2595:
2594:
2582:Pietro Pomponazzi
2524:
2523:
2504:
2503:
2453:
2452:
2405:Eudemus of Rhodes
2395:Clearchus of Soli
2369:
2368:
2037:On Interpretation
1980:Temporal finitism
1868:Genus–differentia
1825:Category of being
1728:978-0-7914-0690-8
1684:Greco interattivo
1675:Works related to
1491:Petitio principii
1358:
1337:
1336:
1264:Rogerian argument
1011:Panegyrici Latini
103:The age of Cicero
2767:
2760:Logic literature
2732:
2731:
2730:
2720:
2719:
2597:
2596:
2577:Jacopo Zabarella
2526:
2525:
2506:
2505:
2455:
2454:
2435:Diodorus of Tyre
2378:
2377:
2020:
2019:
1950:Substance theory
1911:Moderate realism
1905:Minima naturalia
1806:Active intellect
1759:
1752:
1745:
1736:
1735:
1731:
1697:
1696:
1674:
1660:
1632:
1631:
1625:
1620:
1618:
1610:
1600:
1584:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1574:
1563:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1553:
1542:
1526:
1523:
1453:Figure of speech
1363:
1353:
1351:
1329:
1322:
1315:
1229:List of speeches
1076:
1066:
1056:
1046:
1036:
1026:
1016:
1006:
996:
986:
976:
966:
956:
946:
936:
926:
916:
906:
896:
886:
876:
680:Neo-Aristotelian
247:Figure of speech
108:Second Sophistic
44:
21:
20:
2775:
2774:
2770:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2765:
2764:
2745:
2744:
2743:
2738:
2728:
2726:
2708:
2651:
2591:
2587:Cesar Cremonini
2543:Albertus Magnus
2520:
2500:
2449:
2365:
2321:Physiognomonics
2316:On Things Heard
2311:On the Universe
2272:
2256:
2214:Parva Naturalia
2208:
2187:
2173:Eudemian Ethics
2153:
2137:
2099:
2061:
2042:Prior Analytics
2009:
1933:Rational animal
1794:
1768:
1766:Aristotelianism
1763:
1729:
1694:
1667:
1657:
1641:
1639:Further reading
1636:
1635:
1623:
1621:
1612:
1611:
1587:Krabbe, E.C.W.
1585:
1581:
1572:
1570:
1564:
1560:
1551:
1549:
1543:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1511:
1464:extra dictionem
1412:
1400:
1372:) is a text in
1333:
1304:
1303:
1249:Public rhetoric
1187:
1186:
1177:
1176:
1125:Native American
1090:
1089:
1080:
1079:
1074:
1064:
1054:
1044:
1034:
1024:
1014:
1004:
994:
984:
974:
964:
954:
944:
934:
924:
914:
904:
894:
884:
874:
865:
864:
855:
854:
695:
694:
685:
684:
628:
627:
616:
615:
506:Funeral oration
496:Farewell speech
453:Socratic method
409:
408:
399:
398:
161:
160:
151:
150:
56:
55:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2773:
2763:
2762:
2757:
2740:
2739:
2737:
2736:
2724:
2713:
2710:
2709:
2707:
2706:
2701:
2699:Views on women
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2680:
2679:
2669:
2663:
2661:
2660:Related topics
2657:
2656:
2653:
2652:
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2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2603:
2601:
2593:
2592:
2590:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2572:Peter of Spain
2569:
2568:
2567:
2557:
2556:
2555:
2548:Thomas Aquinas
2545:
2540:
2534:
2532:
2522:
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2450:
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2432:
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2425:Aristo of Ceos
2422:
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2402:
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2278:Pseudepigrapha
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2115:
2109:
2107:
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2100:
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2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2080:On the Heavens
2077:
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2063:
2062:
2060:
2059:
2054:
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2044:
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2017:
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2010:
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1992:
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1982:
1977:
1970:
1965:
1947:
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1918:
1913:
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1877:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
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1839:
1834:
1827:
1822:
1815:
1812:Antiperistasis
1808:
1802:
1800:
1796:
1795:
1793:
1792:
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1666:
1665:External links
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1624:|journal=
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1201:
1196:
1193:Ars dictaminis
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1027:
1017:
1007:
997:
991:On the Sublime
987:
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957:
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540:Lightning talk
537:
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325:Method of loci
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61:Ancient Greece
57:
51:
50:
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46:
45:
37:
36:
30:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2772:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2752:
2750:
2735:
2725:
2723:
2715:
2714:
2711:
2705:
2704:Wheel paradox
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2678:
2675:
2674:
2673:
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2658:
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2615:
2613:
2612:Trendelenburg
2610:
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2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2538:Peter Lombard
2536:
2535:
2533:
2531:
2530:Scholasticism
2527:
2517:
2514:
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2511:
2507:
2495:
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2684:Neoplatonism
2410:Theophrastus
2268:Protrepticus
2161:and politics
2056:
1972:
1959:
1955:hypokeimenon
1953:
1937:
1920:
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1880:Hylomorphism
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1428:Equivocation
1420:in dictionem
1419:
1413:
1402:
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1391:
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1219:Glossophobia
1191:
1110:Constitutive
1069:
1059:
1049:
1039:
1029:
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989:
979:
969:
959:
949:
939:
929:
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909:
899:
889:
879:
869:
693:Rhetoricians
606:Stump speech
523:Invitational
476:
461:Dissoi logoi
459:
438:Deliberative
430:Controversia
428:
391:
384:
358:
351:
344:
317:
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298:Pronuntiatio
296:
289:
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275:
268:
227:
215:
206:
189:
182:
165:
136:
98:Ancient Rome
18:
2560:Duns Scotus
2400:Dicaearchus
2390:Aristoxenus
2149:Metaphysics
2142:Metaphysics
2128:Progression
2095:On the Soul
2090:Meteorology
1892:Magnanimity
1858:Four causes
1497:False cause
1438:Composition
1299:Wooden iron
1259:Rhetrickery
1234:Oral skills
1170:Composition
1105:Contrastive
925:(c. 350 BC)
915:(c. 350 BC)
905:(c. 350 BC)
895:(c. 350 BC)
885:(c. 370 BC)
745:Demosthenes
725:Brueggemann
660:Ideological
511:Homiletics
424:Declamation
414:Apologetics
264:Five canons
132:Renaissance
115:Middle Ages
2749:Categories
2642:Hursthouse
2516:Maimonides
2482:Avicennism
2133:Generation
2105:On Animals
2032:Categories
1852:Eudaimonia
1573:2020-12-19
1552:2020-12-19
1532:References
1392:Soph. Ref.
1155:Technology
1145:Procedural
965:(c. 50 BC)
951:De Oratore
815:Quintilian
810:Protagoras
665:Metaphoric
589:Propaganda
472:Epideictic
386:Sotto voce
340:Persuasion
335:Operations
277:Dispositio
173:Chironomia
2677:Platonism
2632:MacIntyre
2494:Averroism
2472:Al-Farabi
2430:Critolaus
2374:Followers
2351:Economics
2331:Mechanics
2296:On Plants
2291:On Colors
2286:On Breath
2237:On Dreams
2227:On Memory
1990:Haecceity
1968:Syllogism
1939:Phronesis
1831:Catharsis
1780:Aristotle
1607:170350834
1514:Footnotes
1433:Amphiboly
1384:fallacies
1374:Aristotle
1355:romanized
1269:Seduction
1100:Cognitive
1088:Subfields
1015:(100–400)
770:Isocrates
710:Augustine
700:Aristotle
675:Narrative
625:Criticism
570:Philippic
484:Panegyric
467:Elocution
448:Dialectic
368:Situation
229:Facilitas
223:Enthymeme
202:Eloquence
184:Delectare
2722:Category
2647:Nussbaum
2617:Brentano
2489:Averroes
2477:Avicenna
2467:Al-Kindi
2440:Erymneus
2336:Problems
2232:On Sleep
2199:Rhetoric
2178:Politics
2123:Movement
1985:Quiddity
1846:accident
1773:Overview
1705:LibriVox
1473:Accident
1443:Division
1398:Overview
1140:Pedagogy
1120:Feminist
891:Rhetoric
881:Phaedrus
875:(380 BC)
825:Richards
795:Perelman
643:Pentadic
638:Dramatic
582:Suasoria
560:Diatribe
501:Forensic
478:Encomium
443:Demagogy
312:Imitatio
284:Elocutio
270:Inventio
240:Informal
159:Concepts
86:Sophists
81:Calliope
71:Atticism
66:Asianism
34:Rhetoric
26:a series
24:Part of
2565:Scotism
2553:Thomism
2204:Poetics
2113:History
2075:Physics
2067:Physics
2024:Organon
1952: (
1898:Mimesis
1842:Essence
1379:Organon
1357::
1185:Related
1160:Therapy
1150:Science
1115:Digital
995:(c. 50)
985:(46 BC)
975:(46 BC)
955:(55 BC)
945:(80 BC)
935:(84 BC)
871:Gorgias
840:Toulmin
835:Tacitus
785:McLuhan
760:Gorgias
755:Erasmus
750:Derrida
715:Bakhtin
705:Aspasia
670:Mimesis
633:Cluster
565:Eristic
555:Polemic
550:Oratory
528:Lecture
291:Memoria
235:Fallacy
178:Decorum
125:Trivium
53:History
2607:Newman
2600:Modern
2509:Jewish
2159:Ethics
2052:Topics
1922:Philia
1916:Mythos
1790:Lyceum
1725:
1653:
1605:
1448:Accent
1244:Pistis
1239:Orator
1165:Visual
1075:(1970)
1065:(1966)
1055:(1521)
1045:(1305)
981:Orator
921:Topics
850:Weaver
780:Lysias
775:Lucian
765:Hobbes
740:de Man
735:Cicero
533:Public
516:Sermon
491:Eulogy
419:Debate
407:Genres
353:Pathos
319:Kairos
306:Hypsos
252:Scheme
217:Eunoia
197:Device
191:Docere
2672:Plato
2637:Smith
2622:Adler
2118:Parts
2015:Works
1974:Telos
1961:ousia
1886:Lexis
1874:Hexis
1819:Arete
1785:Logic
1603:S2CID
1366:Latin
1346:Greek
1035:(426)
1025:(102)
863:Works
830:Smith
820:Ramus
805:Plato
800:Pizan
730:Burke
720:Booth
655:Genre
650:Frame
393:Topos
378:Grand
373:Style
360:Logos
346:Ethos
330:Modes
257:Trope
2627:Foot
2261:Lost
1723:ISBN
1651:ISBN
1628:help
1209:Doxa
1005:(95)
845:Vico
594:Spin
1593:doi
1376:'s
1284:TED
1130:New
790:Ong
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