Arthur Conan Doyle

6507: 937: 1971: 1727: 1212: 1834:, an anthropologist from the Natural History Museum, was quoted as saying: "Conan Doyle was known to play golf at the Piltdown site and had even given Dawson a lift in his car to the area, but he was a public man and very busy and it is very unlikely that he would have had the time . So there are some coincidences, but I think they are just coincidences. When you look at the fossil evidence you can only associate Dawson with all the finds, and Dawson was known to be personally ambitious. He wanted professional recognition. He wanted to be a member of the Royal Society and he was after an MBE . He wanted people to stop seeing him as an amateur". 76: 422: 2026: 6592: 824: 1262: 1621: 2038: 304: 803:. In 1892, in a letter to Bell, Doyle wrote, "It is most certainly to you that I owe Sherlock Holmes ... round the centre of deduction and inference and observation which I have heard you inculcate I have tried to build up a man", and in his 1924 autobiography, he remarked, "It is no wonder that after the study of such a character I used and amplified his methods when in later life I tried to build up a scientific detective who solved cases on his own merits and not through the folly of the criminal." 2499: 2061: 928: 1956: 1723:

no explanation for what he had seen other than supernatural power. However, according to Ernst, Doyle simply refused to believe that it had been a trick. Houdini became a prominent opponent of the spiritualist movement in the 1920s, after the death of his beloved mother. He insisted that spiritualist mediums employed trickery, and consistently exposed them as frauds. These differences between Houdini and Doyle eventually led to a bitter, public falling-out between them.

757: 2015: 7713: 1828:, who had originally "found" the remains. He had initially not been considered the likely perpetrator, because the hoax was seen as being too elaborate for him to have devised. However, the DNA evidence showed that a supposedly ancient tooth he had "discovered" in 1915 (at a different site) came from the same jaw as that of the Piltdown Man, suggesting that he had planted them both. That tooth, too, was later proven to have been planted as part of a hoax. 604: 866: 2049: 1843: 1233:. In 1907, the year after Louisa's death, he married Jean Elizabeth Leckie (1874–1940). He had met and fallen in love with Jean in 1897, but had maintained a platonic relationship with her while his first wife was still alive, out of loyalty to her. Most of Doyle's family including his mother were aware of the relationship, but it appears to have remained unknown to Louisa. Jean outlived her husband and died during wartime on 27 June 1940. 1405: 2513: 6526: 1677: 1982:, Sussex, on 7 July 1930. He died of a heart attack at the age of 71. His last words were directed toward his wife: "You are wonderful." At the time of his death, there was some controversy concerning his burial place, as he was avowedly not a Christian, considering himself a Spiritualist. He was first buried on 11 July 1930 in Windlesham rose garden. In his will, he bequeathed £250 per year to 506:, and the classics. Doyle commented later in his life that this academic system could be excused only "on the plea that any exercise, however stupid in itself, forms a sort of mental dumbbell by which one can improve one's mind". He found the school harsh, noting that, instead of compassion and warmth, it favoured the threat of corporal punishment and ritual humiliation. 2485: 1875:: He sketched the original designs for a third-storey extension and for an alteration of the front facade of the building. Work began later that year, and when it was finished, the building was a nearly exact manifestation of the plans Doyle had sketched. Superficial alterations have been subsequently made, but the essential structure is still clearly Doyle's. 1997:, Hampshire. Carved wooden tablets to his memory and to the memory of his wife, originally from the church at Minstead, are on display as part of a Sherlock Holmes exhibition at Portsmouth Museum. The epitaph on his gravestone in the churchyard reads, in part: "Steel true/Blade straight/Arthur Conan Doyle/Knight/Patriot, Physician and man of letters". 6636: 1559:

In 1916, at the height of the First World War, Doyle's belief in psychic phenomena was strengthened by what he took to be the psychic abilities of his children's nanny, Lily Loder Symonds. This and the constant drumbeat of wartime deaths inspired him with the idea that spiritualism was what he called

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and added fictional details such as that the ship was found in perfect condition (it had actually taken on water by the time it was discovered), and that its boats remained on board (the single boat was in fact missing). These fictional details have come to dominate popular accounts of the incident,

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recounted a time when Houdini had performed an impressive trick at his home in Doyle's presence. Houdini had assured Doyle that the trick was pure illusion and had expressed the hope that this demonstration would persuade Doyle not to go around "endorsing phenomena" simply because he could think of

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In 1900, Doyle founded the Undershaw Rifle Club at his home, constructing a 100-yard range and providing shooting for local men, as the poor showing of British troops in the Boer War had led him to believe that the general population needed training in marksmanship. He was a champion of "miniature"

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in Vienna. He had previously studied at the Portsmouth Eye Hospital in order to qualify to perform eye tests and prescribe glasses. Vienna had been suggested by his friend Vernon Morris as a place to spend six months and train to be an eye surgeon. But Doyle found it too difficult to understand the

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and predicted that, if he persisted in writing what he called "sewage" about spiritualists, he would meet the same fate as Harry Houdini. Price wrote: "Arthur Conan Doyle and his friends abused me for years for exposing Hope." In response to the exposure of frauds that had been perpetrated by Hope

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Some have mistakenly assumed that Doyle's turn to spiritualism was prompted by the death of his son Kingsley, but Doyle began presenting himself publicly as a spiritualist in 1916, and Kingsley died on 28 October 1918 (from pneumonia contracted during his convalescence after being seriously

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The Crimes Club was a private social club founded by Doyle in 1903, whose purpose was discussion of crime and detection, criminals and criminology, and continues to this day as "Our Society", with membership numbers limited to 100. The club meets four times a year at the Imperial Hotel, Russell

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in London ruled in favor of those seeking to preserve the historic building, ordering that the redevelopment permission be quashed on the ground that it had not been obtained through proper procedures. The building was later approved to become part of Stepping Stones, a school for children with

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photographs, asserted that those who suspected them being faked were wrong, and expressed his conviction that they were authentic. Decades later, the photos—taken by cousins Frances Griffiths and Elsie Wright—were definitively shown to have been faked, and their creators admitted to the fakery,

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Doyle's attitude towards his most famous creation was ambivalent. In November 1891, he wrote to his mother: "I think of slaying Holmes, ... and winding him up for good and all. He takes my mind from better things." His mother responded, "You won't! You can't! You mustn't!" In an attempt to

733:, he spent a few days in Paris observing Edmund Landolt, an expert on diseases of the eye. Within three months of his departure for Vienna, Doyle returned to London. He opened a small office and consulting room at 2 Upper Wimpole Street, or 2 Devonshire Place as it was then. (There is today a 2561:

Stashower says that the compound version of his surname originated from his great-uncle Michael Conan, a distinguished journalist, from whom Arthur and his elder sister, Annette, received the compound surname of "Conan Doyle" (Stashower 20–21). The same source points out that in 1885 he was

1396:—who signed their names to the "Authors' Declaration", justifying Britain's involvement in the First World War. This manifesto declared that the German invasion of Belgium had been a brutal crime, and that Britain "could not without dishonour have refused to take part in the present war". 807:

was able to recognise the strong similarity between Joseph Bell and Sherlock Holmes: "My compliments on your very ingenious and very interesting adventures of Sherlock Holmes. ... can this be my old friend Joe Bell?" Other authors sometimes suggest additional influences—for instance,

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Another of Doyle's longstanding interests was architectural design. In 1895, when he commissioned an architect friend of his, Joseph Henry Ball, to build him a home, he played an active part in the design process. The home in which he lived from October 1897 to September 1907, known as

1425:. Police were set on Edalji's conviction, even though the mutilations continued after their suspect was jailed. Apart from helping George Edalji, Doyle's work helped establish a way to correct other miscarriages of justice, as it was partially as a result of this case that the 6633: 989:

Between 1888 and 1906, Doyle wrote seven historical novels, which he and many critics regarded as his best work. He also wrote nine other novels, and—later in his career (1912–29)—five narratives (three of novel or novella length) featuring the irascible scientist

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Doyle fathered five children. He had two with his first wife: Mary Louise (1889–1976) and Arthur Alleyne Kingsley, known as Kingsley (1892–1918). He had an additional three with his second wife: Denis Percy Stewart (1909–1955), who became the second husband of

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In 1920, Doyle travelled to Australia and New Zealand on spiritualist missionary work, and over the next several years, until his death, he continued his mission, giving talks about his spiritualist conviction in Britain, Europe, and the United States.

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Doyle was also a fervent advocate of justice and personally investigated two closed cases, which led to two men being exonerated of the crimes of which they were accused. The first case, in 1906, involved a shy half-British, half-Indian lawyer named

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in February 1890, under agreement with the Ward Lock company. Doyle felt grievously exploited by Ward Lock as an author new to the publishing world, and so, after this, he left them. Short stories featuring Sherlock Holmes were published in the

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deflect publishers' demands for more Holmes stories, he raised his price to a level intended to discourage them, but found they were willing to pay even the large sums he asked. As a result, he became one of the best-paid authors of his time.

1486:, a member of the Portsmouth Literary and Philosophical Society, Doyle began a series of investigations into the possibility of psychic phenomena and attended about 20 seances, experiments in telepathy, and sittings with mediums. Writing to 453:

descent, and his mother, Mary (née Foley), was Irish Catholic. His parents married in 1855. In 1864, the family scattered because of Charles's growing alcoholism. The children were temporarily housed across Edinburgh. Arthur lodged with

1369:, Casement was found guilty of treason against the Crown, and was sentenced to death. Doyle tried, unsuccessfully, to save him, arguing that Casement had been driven mad, and therefore should not be held responsible for his actions. 3771: 1812:

purports to explain how, throughout his writings, Doyle had provided overt clues to otherwise hidden or suppressed aspects of his way of thinking that seemed to support the idea that Doyle would be involved in such a hoax.

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In 1914, on a family trip to the Jasper National Park in Canada, he designed a golf course and ancillary buildings for a hotel. The plans were realised in full, but neither the golf course nor the buildings have survived.

1203:, in which he described his experiences with skiing and the beautiful alpine scenery that could be seen in the process. The article popularised the activity and began the long association between Switzerland and skiing. 1795:

fossil that fooled the scientific world for over 40 years. Milner noted that Doyle had a plausible motive—namely, revenge on the scientific establishment for debunking one of his favourite psychics—and said that

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Doyle had a longstanding interest in mystical subjects and remained fascinated by the idea of paranormal phenomena, even though the strength of his belief in their reality waxed and waned periodically over the years.

1172:. Doyle wrote: "I was much inclined to accept ... though my friends pictured me as winding up with a revolver at one ear and a razor at the other. However, the distance and my engagements presented a final bar." 494:, which he attended until 1875. While Doyle was not unhappy at Stonyhurst, he said he did not have any fond memories of it because the school was run on medieval principles: the only subjects covered were rudiments, 3010: 434: 1469:

in 1908—excited Doyle's curiosity because of inconsistencies in the prosecution's case and a general sense that Slater was not guilty. He ended up paying most of the costs for Slater's successful 1928 appeal.

1776:, pointed out the evidence of fraud in mediumship, as well as Doyle's non-scientific approach to the subject. In 1927, Doyle gave a filmed interview, in which he spoke about Sherlock Holmes and spiritualism. 3159: 3406: 1576:). Nevertheless, the war-related deaths of many people who were close to him appear to have even further strengthened his long-held belief in life after death and spirit communication. Doyle's brother 409:, wrote: "Conan was Arthur's middle name. Shortly after he graduated from high school he began using Conan as a sort of surname. But technically his last name is simply 'Doyle'." When knighted, he was 1863:, in Surrey), was used as a hotel and restaurant from 1924 until 2004, when it was bought by a developer and then stood empty while conservationists and Doyle fans fought to preserve it. In 2012, the 1291:, in which he responded to critics of the United Kingdom's role in that war, and argued that its role was justified. The latter work was widely translated, and Doyle believed it was the reason he was 388:

Doyle is often referred to as "Sir Arthur Conan Doyle" or "Conan Doyle", implying that "Conan" is part of a compound surname rather than a middle name. However, his baptism entry in the register of

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that year, he declared himself to be a spiritualist, describing one particular event that had convinced him psychic phenomena were real. Also in 1887 (on 26 January), he was initiated as a

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rifle clubs, whose members shot small-calibre firearms on local ranges. These ranges were much cheaper and more accessible to working-class participants than large "fullbore" ranges, such as

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act had been a trick; they published the secret code and all other details of the trick method they had used under the title "Our Secrets!!" in a London newspaper. Doyle also praised the

1130:, and wrote a poem about the achievement. His captaincy of the Authors XI lasted from 1899 to 1912, during which time his cricket scores were by far the most common entries in his diary. 4292: 4152: 4429: 6688: 1646:

quoted Doyle as saying "I should have to see it again before passing a definite opinion on it" and "I have my doubts about the whole thing". In 1920, Doyle and the noted sceptic

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German medical terms being used in his classes in Vienna, and soon quit his studies there. For the rest of his two-month stay in Vienna, he pursued other activities, such as

9208: 9198: 3820: 3439: 9203: 1714:. Even though Houdini explained that his feats were based on illusion and trickery, Doyle was convinced that Houdini had supernatural powers and said as much in his work 4354: 3002: 1698:

centred on spiritualist themes and featuring the character Professor Challenger. He also wrote many non-fiction spiritualist works. Perhaps his most famous of these was

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held a public debate at Queen's Hall in London, with Doyle taking the position that the claims of spiritualism were true. After the debate, McCabe published a booklet

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While living in Switzerland, Doyle became interested in skiing, which was relatively unknown in Switzerland at the time. He wrote an article, "An Alpine Pass on 'Ski

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in Edinburgh. While studying, Doyle began writing short stories. His earliest extant fiction, "The Haunted Grange of Goresthorpe", was unsuccessfully submitted to

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The details of the births of Arthur and his siblings are unclear. Some sources say there were nine children, some say ten. It seems three died in childhood. See

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After graduating with Bachelor of Medicine and Master of Surgery (M.B. C.M.) degrees from the University of Edinburgh in 1881, he was ship's surgeon on the SS

392:, Edinburgh, gives "Arthur Ignatius Conan" as his given names and "Doyle" as his surname. It also names Michael Conan as his godfather. The catalogues of the 9163: 778:

on 20 November 1886, which gave Doyle £25 (equivalent to £3,500 in 2023) in exchange for all rights to the story. The piece appeared a year later in the

8027: 5660: 6600: 473:, after many years of psychiatric illness. Beginning at an early age, throughout his life Doyle wrote letters to his mother. Many of them were preserved. 3857: 2138: 1882:

In 1926, Doyle laid the foundation stone for a Spiritualist Temple in Camden, London. Of the building's total £600 construction costs, he provided £500.

1355:, a long pamphlet in which he denounced the horrors of that colony. He became acquainted with Morel and Casement, and it is possible that, together with 8943: 8908: 8898: 5568: 4833: 389: 2701: 2640: 9153: 9113: 6278: 1742:

of fraud. Doyle defended Hope, but further evidence of trickery was obtained from other researchers. Doyle threatened to have Price evicted from the

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commemorative plaque over the front door.) He had no patients, according to his autobiography, and his efforts as an ophthalmologist were a failure.

5324: 3497: 3918: 2081: 1654:, in which he laid out evidence refuting Doyle's arguments and claimed that Doyle had been duped into believing in spiritualism through deliberate 655:

of Doyle along with Smith, the Gray brothers, and ship's surgeon William Neale, who were members of the Smith expedition. That expedition explored

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In 1901, Doyle was one of three judges for the world's first major bodybuilding competition, which was organised by the "Father of Bodybuilding",

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A statue honours Doyle at Crowborough Cross in Crowborough, where he lived for 23 years. There is a statue of Sherlock Holmes in Picardy Place,

820:. Dr. (John) Watson owes his surname, but not any other obvious characteristic, to a Portsmouth medical colleague of Doyle's, Dr. James Watson. 9148: 8978: 8948: 8913: 5620: 5425:

The latter honour did not exist in the lifetime of Dawson, who died in August 1916; the Order of the British Empire was founded on 4 June 1917.

3587: 1319: 517:, Austria. His family decided that he would spend a year there in order to perfect his German and broaden his academic horizons. He was raised 8546: 7342: 4914: 4054: 6671: 4008: 6765: 6560: 4289: 4212: 4149: 3672: 1426: 1448:

Indian character wronged by the English justice system. Edalji was of Parsi heritage on his father's side. The story was fictionalised in

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at the Phoenix Lodge No. 257 in Southsea. (He resigned from the Lodge in 1889, returned to it in 1902, and resigned again in 1911.)

1139: 4468:, Volume 4, Issue 2 2006 Article 3, Boxes in Boxes: Julian Barnes, Conan Doyle, Sherlock Holmes and the Edalji Case, D. Michael Risinger 4456:, Volume 4, Issue 2 2006 Article 3, Boxes in Boxes: Julian Bardes, Conan Doyle, Sherlock Holmes and the Edalji Case, D. Michael Risinger 9103: 9003: 7608: 1323: 698:

Doyle was a staunch supporter of compulsory vaccination and wrote several articles advocating the practice and denouncing the views of

5437: 3241: 9128: 9058: 8953: 8556: 7301: 6159: 4883: 4190: 2662: 1743: 525:. One source attributed his drift away from religion to the time he spent in the less strict Austrian school. He also later became a 5598: 4556: 4043:. 22 January 1913. p. 8 – via ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The Guardian and The Observer. Retrieved 20 September 2019. 3744: 9173: 9063: 8938: 8903: 8020: 7749: 3546: 936: 5545: 3812: 3696: 2465:

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle features as a recurring character in Pip Murphy's Christie and Agatha's Detective Agency series, including

9118: 9008: 6050: 5811: 5485: 334: 58: 8993: 9158: 8998: 8340: 6585: 5731:"Stock Photo – Wooden headstone of Sir Arthur Conan-Doyle at a special display in the Town's museum. Portsmouth, Hampshire, UK" 3321: 1739: 971:, published only posthumously, in 2011. He amassed a portfolio of short stories, including "The Captain of the Pole-Star" and " 541: 17: 9088: 4362: 9078: 9018: 8958: 8571: 6729: 6405: 6343: 6287: 6221: 6188: 6167: 5558:

Griffith, Carolyn. "Campaigner says hotel's writer link should secure landmark building". Lymington Times, 15 September 2017.

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In 1885 Doyle married Louisa (sometimes called "Touie") Hawkins (1857–1906). She was the youngest daughter of J. Hawkins, of

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contributed a great deal of material and wrote some of the chapters, which Conan Doyle freely admits in the book's preface."

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describing himself on the brass nameplate outside his house, and on his doctoral thesis, as "A. Conan Doyle" (Stashower 70).

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magazine about his faith and began lecturing frequently on spiritualism. In 1918, he published his first spiritualist work,

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Doyle was a prolific writer. In addition to the Holmes stories, his works include fantasy and science fiction stories about

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Doyle has been commemorated with statues and plaques since his death. In 2009, he was among the ten people selected by the

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In 1889, he became a founding member of the Hampshire Society for Psychical Research; in 1893, he joined the London-based

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in June 1882, with less than £10 (£1300 in 2023) to his name, he set up a medical practice at 1 Bush Villas in Elm Grove,

8013: 5306: 3224: 1797: 480: 3722: 1702:(1922), in which Doyle described his beliefs about the nature and existence of fairies and spirits, reproduced the five 9193: 9053: 9048: 8923: 8526: 8325: 7573: 5490: 1577: 1050: 196: 4743: 3103: 8762: 7601: 7402: 7095: 7052: 6822: 6423: 6360: 6257: 5794: 5768: 5388: 4977: 4858: 4242: 4117: 4026: 3648: 3574: 3525: 3460: 3050: 2985: 2866: 2202: 1512: 1434: 972: 371: 75: 3970: 3948: 902:", in which it was explained that only Moriarty had fallen, but since Holmes had other dangerous enemies—especially 9038: 9013: 8551: 7497: 7434: 6870: 6758: 1821: 1606: 899: 2462:

Arthur Conan Doyle is the ostensible narrator of Ian Madden's short story "Cracks in an Edifice of Sheer Reason".

1138:, which were necessarily remote from population centres. Doyle went on to sit on the Rifle Clubs Committee of the 9188: 9093: 9043: 9028: 9023: 7941: 7212: 6783: 6492: 6436: 5156: 3275: 2504: 2309: 2273: 2133: 1773: 746: 580: 510: 483: 5697: 3129: 9213: 9073: 7410: 7332: 7262: 6830: 6597: 4099:

Leeman, Sue, "Sherlock Holmes fans hope to save Doyle's house from developers", Associated Press, 28 July 2006.

2290: 2186: 1817: 1748: 1504: 1088: 660: 565: 370:, as well as plays, romances, poetry, non-fiction, and historical novels. One of Doyle's early short stories, " 6455: 6100: 3846: 1665:, who vehemently disagreed with Doyle's belief that many cases of diagnosed mental illness were the result of 1253:(1912–1997). None of Doyle's five children had children of their own, so he has no living direct descendants. 687:, but their relationship proved difficult, and Doyle soon left to set up an independent practice. Arriving in 8968: 8963: 8185: 7521: 7418: 7375: 7294: 6846: 6838: 4430:"1914 Authors' Manifesto Defending Britain's Involvement in WWI, Signed by H.G. Wells and Arthur Conan Doyle" 2439: 2041: 1465:—a Jew of German origin who operated a gambling den and was convicted of bludgeoning an 82-year-old woman in 1331: 1183:

with Jean Leckie, his second wife, and resided there with his family from 1907 until his death in July 1930.

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Madden, Ian, "Cracks in an Edifice of Sheer Reason", in Maguire, Susie, & Tongue, Samuel (eds.) (2018),

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Doyle found solace in supporting spiritualism's ideas and the attempts of spiritualists to find proof of an

9183: 9168: 8988: 8817: 8541: 8079: 7779: 7763: 7742: 7528: 6891: 6569: 6125: 4944: 3694:"What is the connection between Peter Pan, Sherlock Holmes, Winnie the Pooh and the noble sport of cricket? 2696: 2632: 1545: 1492: 1361: 996: 780: 674:(M.D.) degree (an advanced degree beyond the basic medical qualification in the UK) with a dissertation on 6298: 5789:

Johnson, Roy (1992). "Studying Fiction: A Guide and Study Programme", p. 15. Manchester University Press;

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Doyle initially struggled to find a publisher. His first work featuring Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson,

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to resign in protest from the society on the ground that they believed it was opposed to spiritualism.

1123: 458:, the aunt of a friend, at Liberton Bank House on Gilmerton Road, while studying at Newington Academy. 8692: 6693: 5832: 1636:, which Doyle attended. Although some later claimed that Doyle had endorsed the apparent instances of 9133: 9108: 8561: 8345: 8320: 7681: 7595: 7337: 7256: 7144: 7137: 6980: 6488: 5716: 5376: 4829:

Is Spiritualism Based On Fraud? The Evidence Given By Sir A. C. Doyle and Others Drastically Examined

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Shipwreck at Cape Flora: The Expeditions of Benjamin Leigh Smith, England's Forgotten Arctic Explorer

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Sherlock Holmes statue in Edinburgh, erected opposite the birthplace of Doyle, which was demolished

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analyzed DNA evidence showing that responsibility for the hoax lay with the amateur archaeologist

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Innes Doyle died, also from pneumonia, in February 1919. His two brothers-in-law (one of whom was

695:. The practice was not successful. While waiting for patients, Doyle returned to writing fiction. 683:

In 1882, Doyle partnered with his former classmate George Turnavine Budd in a medical practice in

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Doyle made his most ambitious foray into architecture in March 1912, while he was staying at the

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appeared to contain several clues referring cryptically to his having been involved in the hoax.

1588:), as well as his two nephews, also died shortly after the war. His second book on spiritualism, 1529: 1487: 1304: 1266: 1099: 961: 903: 590: 570: 526: 149: 35: 7279: 3664: 2542: 1816:

However, more recent research suggests that Doyle was not involved. In 2016, researchers at the

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An Entirely New Country: Arthur Conan Doyle, Undershaw and the Resurrection of Sherlock Holmes

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The story of Doyle and Edalji was dramatised in an episode of the 1972 BBC television series,

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In December 1893, to dedicate more of his time to his historical novels, Doyle had Holmes and

345:(22 May 1859 – 7 July 1930) was a British writer and physician. He created the character 9083: 8717: 8622: 8400: 8395: 8310: 8280: 8230: 8104: 8064: 7993: 7204: 6581: 5703: 5098: 4624: 3515: 3042: 3036: 2593: 2576: 2425: 2333: 2230: 2064: 1864: 1759: 699: 514: 8485: 6703: 4333: 4313: 4270: 4130: 2730: 2609: 8888: 8883: 8732: 8632: 8465: 8450: 8265: 7972: 7838: 7367: 7004: 6882: 6814: 6649:

Royal manual of the titled and untitled aristocracy of England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland

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Arthur Conan Doyle. "Memories and Adventures", p. 222. Oxford University Press, 2012;

3340:"Compulsory Vaccination – The Hampshire County Times – The Arthur Conan Doyle Encyclopedia" 3172:

Conan Doyle, Arthur (Author), Lellenberg, Jon (Editor), Stashower, Daniel (Editor) (2012).

2261: 2174: 2169: 1900: 1896: 1787:, an American historian of science, argued that Doyle may have been the perpetrator of the 1763: 1685: 1519: 1483: 1165: 1107: 1084: 991: 841: 648: 607: 426: 363: 6725: 5921: 5896: 2666: 584:

on 6 September 1879. On 20 September 1879, he published his first academic article, "

8: 8807: 8597: 8592: 8531: 8335: 8330: 8054: 8040: 7692: 7661: 6575: 6555: 6450: 6307: 4548: 3542: 2688: 2266: 1892: 1719: 1573: 1440: 1199: 1095: 858:. Doyle wrote the first five Holmes short stories from his office at 2 Devonshire Place. 618: 596: 397: 5537: 5270: 5223: 5174: 5126: 8847: 8682: 8475: 8425: 8390: 8109: 7467: 7462: 7383: 7359: 7238: 7220: 6854: 6806: 6591: 6531: 6470: 5282: 5237: 5186: 5138: 4338: 4318: 4275: 4135: 3842: 3693: 3562: 3095: 2614: 2537: 2430: 2406: 2340: 2285: 2214: 2145: 2025: 1703: 1681: 1283: 1246: 874: 770: 671: 499: 491: 351: 267: 5807: 8852: 8782: 8752: 8642: 8495: 8415: 8385: 8295: 8290: 8220: 8175: 8114: 8099: 8059: 7567: 7545: 7177: 6972: 6738: 6483: 6419: 6401: 6356: 6339: 6283: 6263: 6253: 6227: 6217: 6194: 6184: 6163: 5790: 5517: 5446: 5384: 5061: 5040: 5016: 4973: 4854: 4804: 4782: 4761: 4703: 4675: 4653: 4632: 4605: 4578: 4527: 4480:"Arthur and George, TV review: Ghostly goings-on make this mystery a guilty pleasure" 4408: 4238: 4182: 4113: 4022: 3787: 3644: 3570: 3521: 3456: 3373: 3201: 3177: 3099: 3087: 3046: 2981: 2940: 2915: 2890: 2862: 2834: 2794: 2713: 2150: 1936: 1904: 1666: 1610: 1590: 1549: 1454: 1308: 1238: 1187: 1175:

Also a keen golfer, Doyle was elected captain of the Crowborough Beacon Golf Club in

1161: 1150: 1002: 882: 878: 775: 341: 162: 65: 2620:

The entry, 'Arthur Conan Doyle, Esq., M.D., D.L.', is alphabetised based on 'Doyle'.

1620: 1560:

a "New Revelation" sent by God to bring solace to the bereaved. He wrote a piece in

823: 8797: 8747: 8652: 8536: 8430: 8260: 7843: 7795: 7590: 7514: 7244: 7076: 7060: 7028: 6996: 6907: 6709: 6511: 6411: 6393: 6051:"The Dead Authors Podcast: Chapter 10: Arthur Conan Doyle, featuring Chris Tallman" 5481: 5286: 5274: 5257: 5241: 5227: 5210: 5190: 5178: 5161: 5142: 5130: 5113: 5032: 4990: 4965: 4932: 4919: 4905: 4504: 4383: 3779: 3079: 2526: 2490: 2381: 2345: 2328: 2316: 1916: 1768: 1694: 1338: 1250: 1021: 975:", both inspired by Doyle's time at sea. The latter popularised the mystery of the 813: 656: 477: 410: 367: 271: 2446: 1978:

Doyle was found clutching his chest in the hall of Windlesham Manor, his house in

8857: 8787: 8722: 8687: 8672: 8480: 8440: 8380: 8355: 8215: 7979: 7787: 7452: 7315: 6988: 6899: 6791: 6683: 6640: 6613: 6604: 6551: 6474: 6383: 6353:

The Man Who Created Sherlock Holmes: The Life and Times of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

5606: 4879: 4837: 4296: 4156: 3700: 3588:"Mary Celeste – definition of Mary Celeste in English from the Oxford dictionary" 3501: 3413: 3322:"Compulsory Vaccination – The Evening Mail – The Arthur Conan Doyle Encyclopedia" 3228: 2824: 2705: 2193: 2101: 2018: 1940: 1389: 1373: 1300: 1296: 1278: 1115: 1032: 854: 809: 756: 612: 561: 466: 461:

In 1867, the family came together again and lived in squalid tenement flats at 3

393: 346: 8195: 4995:"Photos of Ghosts: The Burden of Believing the Unbelievable by Massimo Polidoro" 3745:"London County v Marylebone Cricket Club at Crystal Palace Park, 23–25 Aug 1900" 3285: 2037: 910:—the last published in 1927—and four novels by Doyle, and has since appeared in 774:, was written in three weeks when he was 27 and was accepted for publication by 8832: 8822: 8772: 8737: 8712: 8677: 8667: 8657: 8637: 8455: 8225: 8180: 8150: 7472: 7163: 7123: 6498: 6366: 5077: 3520:. Bowling Green, OH: Bowling Green State University Popular Press. p. 78. 3290: 2371: 2209: 2117: 1932: 1920: 1831: 1825: 1662: 1642: 1614: 1346: 1103: 1017: 792: 676: 462: 450: 303: 6329:

Conan Doyle and the Spirits: The Spiritualist Career of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

6231: 6198: 5300: 3783: 3221: 2633:"Scottish Writer Best Known for His Creation of the Detective Sherlock Holmes" 2060: 1016:. He was a prolific author of short stories, including two collections set in 994:. The Challenger stories include his best-known work after the Holmes oeuvre, 8872: 8792: 8742: 8707: 8702: 8647: 8607: 8460: 8420: 8410: 8365: 8245: 8200: 8190: 8165: 8124: 8074: 8005: 7555: 7487: 6678: 6479: 6348: 6294: 6273: 5450: 4823: 4400: 4186: 3791: 3714: 3091: 2830: 2518: 2413: 2391: 2249: 2197: 2181: 2162: 2157: 1924: 1711: 1647: 1609:

to accept an eighth precept – that of following the teachings and example of

1585: 1508: 1449: 1418: 1377: 1366: 946: 706: 3772:"Cricket, Literary Culture and In-Groups in Early Twentieth-Century Britain" 2887:

The Scientific Sherlock Holmes: Cracking the Case with Science and Forensics

1895:"). Its logo is a silhouette of Doyle. The club's earliest members included 1532:

had genuine psychic powers, and they claimed publicly that the Zancigs used

359:. The Sherlock Holmes stories are milestones in the field of crime fiction. 8837: 8662: 8627: 8612: 8602: 8510: 8470: 8445: 8375: 8360: 8275: 8240: 8210: 8170: 8145: 8094: 7686: 7651: 7426: 7036: 7012: 6956: 6862: 6317: 3067: 3003:"Mystery solved of how Sherlock Holmes knew so much about poisonous plants" 2822: 2401: 1955: 1944: 1908: 1788: 1637: 1629: 1553: 1462: 1422: 1393: 1274: 1242: 1230: 1226: 1169: 1146: 1111: 1054: 1036: 977: 927: 786: 761: 549: 376: 5760: 5638: 1384:. In 1914, Doyle was one of fifty-three leading British authors—including 1281:

in South Africa (1899–1902). Later that year, he wrote a book on the war,

885:". Public outcry, however, led him to feature Holmes in 1901 in the novel 564:, Shropshire. Also during this period, he studied practical botany at the 8812: 8802: 8777: 8505: 8500: 8315: 8270: 8255: 8155: 7482: 7477: 7102: 5381:

Naked is the Best Disguise: The Death and Resurrection of Sherlock Holmes

3974: 3940: 2788: 2129: 2014: 1979: 1735: 1497: 1409: 1385: 1342: 1229:, Gloucestershire, and the sister of one of Doyle's patients. Louisa had 1180: 1135: 1127: 1119: 1013: 950: 907: 800: 711: 545: 455: 117: 1762:

a spiritualist, contributed much research to the book. Later that year,

1421:, who had allegedly penned threatening letters and mutilated animals in 355:, the first of four novels and fifty-six short stories about Holmes and 8842: 8697: 8435: 8350: 8300: 8084: 7457: 6734: 3152:"Russian supergrass 'poisoned after being tricked into visiting Paris'" 2304: 2077: 1994: 1872: 1676: 1655: 1633: 1380:, Doyle gave a public donation of 10 shillings to the anti-immigration 1273:

Doyle served as a volunteer physician in the Langman Field Hospital at

1126:, was 43. He was an occasional bowler who took one first-class wicket, 1080: 1063: 714:

with his wife Louisa and drinking with Brinsley Richards of the London

688: 603: 600:

regarded as potentially useful in a 21st-century murder investigation.

553: 487: 356: 3083: 2951:

In time, he would reject the Catholic religion and become an agnostic.

1511:

in a search for poltergeists in Devon. Doyle was also a member of the

865: 8490: 8305: 8285: 7698: 7267: 7068: 6743: 6659: 6654: 5278: 5232: 5205: 5182: 5134: 4909: 2775:

Owen Dudley Edwards, "Doyle, Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan (1859–1930)",

2122: 2001: 1964: 1856: 1847: 1842: 1792: 1772:. This review provoked controversy: Several other critics, including 1598: 1537: 1533: 1008: 898:

In 1903, Doyle published his first Holmes short story in ten years, "

892: 663:, Nightingale Sound, Gratton ("Uncle Joe") Island, and Mabel Island. 626: 585: 557: 529: 442: 100: 8089: 6398:

Final Séance: The Strange Friendship Between Houdini and Conan Doyle

6300:

Debate on Spiritualism: Between Arthur Conan Doyle and Joseph McCabe

5621:"Blur guitarist leads fight to save Camden Road Spiritualist Temple" 5037:

Final Séance: The Strange Friendship Between Houdini and Conan Doyle

2048: 6520: 6250:

The Doctor and the Detective: A Biography of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

5569:"Glasshayes House: The 1912 Extension of the Lyndhurst Grand Hotel" 5013:

The Secret Life of Houdini: The Making of America's First Superhero

4650:

The Secret Life of Houdini: The Making of America's First Superhero

2529:, a personal friend who performed the most famous stage version of 2352: 2206:(British series), in series 2, episodes 5 and 8 respectively (2016) 1990: 1960: 1860: 1404: 1160:

Doyle was an amateur boxer. In 1909, he was invited to referee the

1094:

Doyle was a keen cricketer, and between 1899 and 1907 he played 10

1076: 1058: 949:, Croydon, south-east London, with a close up of the commemorative 799:

Holmes was partially modelled on Doyle's former university teacher

692: 684: 522: 518: 495: 470: 6516: 5302:

Arthur Conan Doyle Interviewed on Sherlock Holmes and Spirituality

4388:

Twentieth Century Classics: Reflections on Writers and Their Times

1891:

Square, London, where all proceedings are strictly confidential ("

1031:, which centres on the reminiscences of an English veteran of the 317: 7550: 7309: 5833:"Sherlock Holmes statue reinstated in Edinburgh after tram works" 2105: 2092:

Arthur Conan Doyle has been portrayed by many actors, including:

1541: 1524: 1466: 1359:, they inspired several characters that appear in his 1912 novel 503: 7757: 2512: 8129: 6697: 6651:, (Volume ed. 59, yr. 1919) (page 109 of 415) by Edward Walford 3617:– J. M. Barrie and Doyle's Libretto Rather Puzzles London" 3429:(Reprint), Cambridge University Press, (Cambridge) 2012, p. 26. 2031:

Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem

1613:. He was a member of the renowned supernaturalist organisation 1376:

loomed, and having been caught up in a growing public swell of

1327: 1176: 726: 651:. The photographer W. J. A. Grant took a photograph aboard the 629: 476:

Supported by wealthy uncles, Doyle was sent to England, to the

121: 2823:

Jon Lellenberg; Daniel Stashower; Charles Foley, eds. (2008).

1330:

beginning in 1902, and was appointed a Knight of Grace of the

6216:. Roberta Tedeschi, ill. Leicester: Sweet Cherry Publishing. 6183:. Roberta Tedeschi, ill. Leicester: Sweet Cherry Publishing. 5111:

Tillyard, Robert John (1926). "The History of Spiritualism".

5097:. Henry Holt & Company. "A Spiritualist researcher named 1766:

wrote a predominantly supportive review of it in the journal

1445: 1043:, the plot of which reflects his abiding interest in boxing; 730: 374:" (1884), helped to popularise the mystery of the brigantine 1707:

although both maintained that they really had seen fairies.

1458:, which was adapted into a three-part drama by ITV in 2015. 1337:

Doyle was a supporter of the campaign for the reform of the

670:

during a voyage to the West African coast. He completed his

4904:"Fairies, Phantoms, and Fantastic Photographs". Presenter: 2789:

Lellenberg, Jon; Stashower, Daniel; Foley, Charles (2007).

1640:

at that séance as genuine, a contemporaneous report by the

1326:, but was not elected. He served as a Deputy-Lieutenant of 982:

and Doyle's alternative spelling of the ship's name as the

490:

in Lancashire, at the age of nine (1868–70). He went on to

6312:

Houdini and Conan Doyle: The Story of a Strange Friendship

5309:

from the original on 29 December 2014 – via YouTube.

3440:

The Letters of Robert Louis Stevenson Volume 2/Chapter XII

1680:

One of the five photographs of Frances Griffiths with the

986:

has become more commonly used than the original spelling.

5973:"Saturday-Night Theatre: Conan Doyle and the Edalji Case" 3819:. National Rifle Association of America. 8 October 2015. 1974:

Doyle in 1930, the year of his death, with his son Adrian

1730:

1922 photograph of Doyle by spirit photographer Ada Deane

1507:; and in 1894, he collaborated with Sir Sidney Scott and 47: 6334:

Jon Lellenberg, Daniel Stashower, Charles Foley (2007).

5538:"Sir Arthur Conan Doyle house development appeal upheld" 5255:

Donkin, Bryan (1926). "Science and Psychical Research".

4970:

Secrets of the Psychics: Investigating Paranormal Claims

4801: