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The dunes are the product of erosion in the coastal hinterland and coastal dune forming processes. The extensive dune system covers an area of 650 hectares and comprises a series of parabolic sand dunes. The dunes range from 20–60 m tall. The dunes have been forming over thousands of years.
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Archaeological excavations have uncovered pottery more than 2600 years old, as well as one of the largest burial sites in the
Pacific. Evidence of the past is clearly visible throughout the dune system as pottery shards, stone tools, human remains and other archaeological relics continue to be
187:. The dunes are now an important educational and recreational point for locals and tourists. Apart from being a key tourist destination, the dunes are an important source of archaeological artifacts and information for local and foreign universities and archaeological institutes.
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The sand dune ecosystem contributes to its national significance as outlined in Fiji's
Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan.
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The dunes were designated Fiji's first
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