582:
39:
896:
597:
In the meantime, Crispus was able to annihilate the
Lycinean navy, allowing more supplies to reach his father's army, ensuring that the siege progressed. Licinius, not knowing how to deal with the military pressure he was under, abandoned Byzantium and left the weakest part of his army inside the
548:
To cross into Asia to overcome
Licinius' resistance, Constantine would also have to gain maritime control of the straits. Licinius' main army was on the Bosphorus to guard it while the majority of his navy moved to cover the Hellespont. He also assembled a second force under his newly elevated
508:
was present. Licinius' reaction to the trespassing was entirely hostile, which spurred
Constantine to continue on the offensive. He invaded Thrace with all his strength and, although his force was smaller than that of Licinius, it was filled with battle veterans. Furthermore, since
569:
While
Crispus (r. 317-326), was ordered to lead the Constantinian fleet toward the Hellespont, to blockade the Lycinian fleet, the emperor was leading the siege of Byzantium. Constantine began the siege by building an embankment as high as the city walls. He then made use of
496:, and placed himself in a superior position to Licinius, leaving an unstable relationship between them. As early as 323, Constantine was ready to renew the conflict, and when his army, which was chasing an invading band of
536:
with most of his troops. To maintain his strength in
Byzantium and to secure his line of communication between the capital and his army in Asia Minor, maintaining control of the straits that separated Thrace from
578:, and erected some wooden towers on the embankment so that he could capture the city without too many casualties. Archers were placed in the towers so that they could attack the defenders.
160:
581:
153:
324:
449:
The victory on the
Hellespont made it possible to prolong the siege of Byzantium and forced Licinius to summon the forces that were quartered in the city to
146:
453:, where the emperor intended to regroup his remaining forces to confront Constantine again. However, he would be defeated at the consecutive
406:
610:, where he would win a decisive victory. Byzantium and Chalcedon yielded, and Licinius was forced to flee with his remaining soldiers to
602:, in Bithynia, and regrouped his remaining forces to try to oppose the emperor. Constantine, in turn, headed with most of his troops to
939:
317:
924:
264:
944:
862:
310:
919:
877:
839:
818:
796:
469:
247:
371:
205:
623:
346:
179:
30:
517:
386:
225:
391:
230:
57:
44:
934:
361:
259:
195:
52:
366:
286:
200:
607:
454:
427:
401:
356:
335:
254:
240:
190:
126:
480:
Constantine had defeated
Licinius in a previous war eight years earlier at the Battles of
8:
901:
550:
210:
281:
276:
881:
873:
858:
843:
835:
822:
814:
800:
792:
481:
434:(r. 308–324). It would have been started simultaneously with the naval battle of the
376:
215:
870:
The Roman emperors: a biographical guide to the rulers of
Imperial Rome 31 BC-AD 276
771:
The Roman emperors: a biographical guide to the rulers of
Imperial Rome 31 BC-AD 276
488:. Peace was quickly arranged after this, in which Constantine conquered all of the
485:
381:
351:
220:
185:
38:
138:
423:
was carried out some time between July and
September 324 by the forces of the
913:
832:
From Constantine to Julian: Pagan and Byzantine Views ; A Source History
571:
424:
929:
575:
462:
302:
291:
885:
847:
826:
804:
513:
was under his control, he had access to the best recruits in the empire.
505:
435:
678:
From Constantine to Julian: Pagan and Byzantine Views: A Source History
501:
461:
and allowing the Constantine to establish himself as sole ruler of the
443:
430:(r. 306–337) during his Second Civil War against his rival, co-emperor
611:
599:
590:
554:
521:
497:
458:
603:
586:
538:
533:
525:
470:
tenth significant siege of the city, and there were to be many more
450:
438:(today known as Dardanelles) in which Constantine's son and caesar
431:
131:
87:
834:. Samuel N. C. Lieu, Dominic Montserrat. London: Routledge. 1996.
558:
510:
489:
439:
529:
493:
48:
16:
Siege between Constantine I forces against Licinius resistance.
542:
520:(324), Licinius and his main army retreated to the city of
62:
504:), crossed the border into Licinius' territory, a timely
891:
532:). He left a strong garrison there and crossed the
168:
911:
545:(Hellespont) became imperative for Licinius.
318:
154:
585:1784 Jean-Denis Barbié du Bocage Map of The
332:
561:) on the Asiatic coast of the Hellespont.
325:
311:
161:
147:
37:
580:
912:
753:
738:
723:
705:
690:
564:
768:
657:
642:
306:
142:
809:1914-2004., Grant, Michael, (1998).
789:Constantine and the Christian empire
719:
717:
675:
671:
669:
645:Constantine and the Christian Empire
442:(r. 317–326) defeated the Lycinian
13:
14:
956:
940:Sieges involving the Roman Empire
714:
666:
925:Battles of Constantine the Great
894:
853:Ridley, Ronald T. (1982-01-01).
706:Ridley (1982). "II.23.1; 24.2".
606:and confronted his rival at the
781:
614:, but yielded some time later.
170:Fourth-century Roman civil wars
787:Odahl, Charles Matson (2004).
762:
747:
732:
699:
684:
651:
636:
407:German and Sarmatian campaigns
1:
629:
475:
446:commanded by Admiral Abanto.
945:Military history of Istanbul
7:
624:Civil wars of the Tetrarchy
617:
347:Civil wars of the Tetrarchy
180:Civil wars of the Tetrarchy
31:Civil wars of the Tetrarchy
10:
961:
754:Ridley (1982). "II.25.3".
739:Ridley (1982). "II.25.2".
724:Ridley (1982). "II.25.1".
691:Ridley (1982). "II.24.2".
43:Left: bust of Licinius in
343:
176:
120:
107:
69:
36:
28:
23:
920:320s in the Roman Empire
598:city. He took refuge in
516:After his defeat at the
492:, with the exception of
58:Palazzo dei Conservatori
55:of Constantine I in the
45:Kunsthistorisches Museum
868:Grant, Michael (1985).
811:The Emperor Constantine
660:The Emperor Constantine
594:
121:Commanders and leaders
791:. London: Routledge.
608:Battle of Chrysopolis
584:
455:battle of Chrysopolis
127:Constantine the Great
99:Constantinian victory
51:; right: head of the
855:Zosimus: New History
756:Zosimus: New History
741:Zosimus: New History
726:Zosimus: New History
708:Zosimus: New History
693:Zosimus: New History
518:Battle of Adrianople
902:Ancient Rome portal
565:Siege and aftermath
680:. pp. 47, 60.
595:
421:siege of Byzantium
86:Byzantium (modern
24:Siege of Byzantium
863:978-0-9593626-0-2
813:. Phoenix Giant.
773:. pp. 46–48.
486:Campus Mardiensis
414:
413:
300:
299:
137:
136:
103:
102:
952:
904:
899:
898:
897:
775:
774:
766:
760:
759:
751:
745:
744:
736:
730:
729:
721:
712:
711:
703:
697:
696:
688:
682:
681:
673:
664:
663:
655:
649:
648:
640:
589:and the City of
541:(Bosphorus) and
534:Bosphorus Strait
490:Balkan Peninsula
459:Tetrarchy system
338:
327:
320:
313:
304:
303:
171:
163:
156:
149:
140:
139:
71:
70:
41:
21:
20:
960:
959:
955:
954:
953:
951:
950:
949:
910:
909:
900:
895:
893:
784:
779:
778:
767:
763:
752:
748:
737:
733:
722:
715:
704:
700:
689:
685:
674:
667:
656:
652:
641:
637:
632:
620:
567:
478:
417:
416:
415:
410:
339:
333:
331:
301:
296:
172:
169:
167:
91:
53:colossal statue
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
958:
948:
947:
942:
937:
935:320s conflicts
932:
927:
922:
906:
905:
890:
889:
866:
851:
829:
807:
783:
780:
777:
776:
769:Grant (1985).
761:
746:
731:
713:
698:
683:
665:
658:Grant (1998).
650:
647:. p. 164.
643:Odhal (2004).
634:
633:
631:
628:
627:
626:
619:
616:
572:battering rams
566:
563:
477:
474:
412:
411:
404:
399:
394:
389:
384:
379:
374:
372:Milvian Bridge
369:
364:
359:
354:
344:
341:
340:
330:
329:
322:
315:
307:
298:
297:
295:
294:
289:
284:
279:
268:
267:
262:
257:
244:
243:
238:
233:
228:
223:
218:
213:
208:
206:Milvian Bridge
203:
198:
193:
188:
177:
174:
173:
166:
165:
158:
151:
143:
135:
134:
129:
123:
122:
118:
117:
114:
110:
109:
105:
104:
101:
100:
97:
93:
92:
85:
83:
79:
78:
75:
67:
66:
34:
33:
26:
25:
19:
18:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
957:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
917:
915:
908:
903:
892:
887:
883:
879:
878:0-297-78555-9
875:
871:
867:
864:
860:
856:
852:
849:
845:
841:
840:0-585-45312-8
837:
833:
830:
828:
824:
820:
819:0-7538-0528-6
816:
812:
808:
806:
802:
798:
797:0-415-17485-6
794:
790:
786:
785:
772:
765:
757:
750:
742:
735:
727:
720:
718:
709:
702:
694:
687:
679:
676:Lieu (1996).
672:
670:
662:. p. 45.
661:
654:
646:
639:
635:
625:
622:
621:
615:
613:
609:
605:
601:
592:
588:
583:
579:
577:
576:siege weapons
573:
562:
560:
557:(present-day
556:
552:
546:
544:
540:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
514:
512:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
473:
471:
468:This was the
466:
464:
460:
457:, ending the
456:
452:
447:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
428:Constantine I
426:
425:Roman emperor
422:
409:
408:
403:
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
378:
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
349:
348:
342:
337:
336:Constantine I
328:
323:
321:
316:
314:
309:
308:
305:
293:
290:
288:
285:
283:
280:
278:
275:
274:
273:
272:
266:
265:Jewish revolt
263:
261:
260:Mons Seleucus
258:
256:
253:
252:
251:
250:
249:
242:
239:
237:
234:
232:
229:
227:
224:
222:
219:
217:
214:
212:
209:
207:
204:
202:
199:
197:
194:
192:
189:
187:
184:
183:
182:
181:
175:
164:
159:
157:
152:
150:
145:
144:
141:
133:
130:
128:
125:
124:
119:
115:
113:Constantine I
112:
111:
106:
98:
95:
94:
89:
84:
81:
80:
76:
73:
72:
68:
64:
60:
59:
54:
50:
46:
40:
35:
32:
27:
22:
907:
869:
854:
831:
810:
788:
782:Bibliography
770:
764:
755:
749:
740:
734:
725:
707:
701:
692:
686:
677:
659:
653:
644:
638:
596:
568:
553:(r. 324) at
547:
515:
479:
467:
463:Roman Empire
448:
420:
418:
405:
396:
345:
292:Gildonic War
270:
269:
246:
245:
235:
178:
108:Belligerents
56:
549:co-emperor
524:(currently
506:casus belli
402:Chrysopolis
334:Battles of
271:Late period
255:Mursa Major
241:Chrysopolis
914:Categories
872:. London.
630:References
574:and other
502:Sarmatians
476:Background
451:Asia Minor
436:Hellespont
392:Hellespont
387:Adrianople
231:Hellespont
226:Adrianople
857:. BRILL.
612:Nicomedia
600:Chalcedon
591:Byzantium
587:Bosphorus
555:Lampsacus
551:Martinian
522:Byzantium
498:Visigoths
397:Byzantium
236:Byzantium
211:Tzirallum
886:12474450
848:52730278
827:43202670
805:53434884
618:See also
604:Anatolia
539:Bithynia
526:Istanbul
432:Licinius
287:Frigidus
282:Poetovio
277:Thyatira
132:Licinius
116:Licinius
88:Istanbul
82:Location
29:Part of
559:Lapseki
511:Illyria
482:Cibalae
440:Crispus
377:Cibalae
362:Brescia
352:Segusio
248:350–353
216:Cibalae
196:Brescia
186:Segusio
884:
876:
861:
846:
838:
825:
817:
803:
795:
530:Turkey
494:Thrace
382:Mardia
367:Verona
221:Mardia
201:Verona
96:Result
77:324 AD
49:Vienna
543:Mysia
357:Turin
191:Turin
882:OCLC
874:ISBN
859:ISBN
844:OCLC
836:ISBN
823:OCLC
815:ISBN
801:OCLC
793:ISBN
500:(or
484:and
444:navy
419:The
74:Date
63:Rome
930:324
916::
880:.
842:.
821:.
799:.
716:^
668:^
528:,
472:.
465:.
61:,
47:,
888:.
865:.
850:.
758:.
743:.
728:.
710:.
695:.
593:.
326:e
319:t
312:v
162:e
155:t
148:v
90:)
65:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
