310:. It can grow up to 25 m (82 ft) in height and 2 to 3 m (6 ft 7 in to 9 ft 10 in) in diameter, but is usually smaller. Trunks are often crooked when grown in the open. Leaves are leathery, alternate, pinnately compound, and about 15 cm (5.9 in) long. Flowers are whitish to pink, fragrant, nearly sessile, up to 1.5 cm (0.59 in) long, and in dense clusters 5 to 10 cm (2.0 to 3.9 in) in length. Pods are oblong, flat, thin, strap-like, 4 to 8 cm (1.6 to 3.1 in) long, 1 cm (0.39 in) wide, and light brown. They contain one to five flat, bean-shaped seeds, 8 to 10 mm (0.31 to 0.39 in) long. They have a long taproot and numerous surface roots that produce suckers. Young shoots are downy and drooping; established stems have light brown to dark gray bark, up to 2.5 cm (0.98 in) thick, shed in narrow strips; large upper branches support a spreading crown.
442:
325:, India, in the east. It also occurs naturally in Iran. It is primarily found growing along river banks above 200 m (700 ft) elevation, but can range naturally up to 1,400 m (4,600 ft). The temperature in its native range is typically 10 to 40 °C (50 to 104 °F), but varies from just below freezing to nearly 50 °C (122 °F). It can withstand average annual rainfall up to 2,000 millimetres (79 in) and droughts of three to four months. Soils range from pure sand and gravel to rich
88:
44:
63:
458:
366:
392:
North Indian rosewood is usually dried before being used in furniture manufacturing, a process commonly known as seasoning. Locally, it is left in open areas to dry under the sun for about six months. Commercially, it is dried in closed chambers with hot-air circulation for about 7 to 15 days,
576:
Propagation takes place most commonly by root suckers, but also by seeds. The seeds remain viable for only a few months. Seeds should be soaked in water for 48 hours before sowing; 60% – 80% germination can be expected in 1–3 weeks. Seedlings require partial sun or full sun. In India,
393:
depending on weather conditions. The ideal moisture level is around 5 to 6% for thinner pieces and up to 11% for thicker ones, depending on use. Any level lower than this can cause sudden cracking of the final products.
469:
value of both the sapwood and heartwood is excellent, being reported to be 4,908 kcal/kg and 5,181 kcal/kg, respectively. As a fuel wood, it is grown on a 10- to 15-year rotation. The tree has excellent
812:
510:. This practise has been in use in Pakistan, Africa, and the Middle East for centuries. Many of India's 80% rural population still start their day with the
1489:
smenvis.nic.in/database/PlantDiversity_833.aspx?format=Print#:~:text=Some%20important%20tree%20species%20found,Khair%20(Acacia%20catechu)%20etc.
1422:
1334:
1504:
446:
1396:
1514:
1207:
866:
S. K. Mukerjee; T. Saroja & T. R. Seshadri (1971). "Dalbergichromene : a new neoflavonoid from stem-bark and heartwood of
1295:
1233:
1524:
982:
1300:
957:
427:
is 0.7 – 0.8) and is very resistant to fungi, but the sapwood is readily attacked by dry-wood termites and borers.
1529:
1339:
1220:
1269:
1519:
711:
1414:
1189:
1176:
1111:
474:
ability, although a loss of vigor after two or three rotations has been reported. The wood makes excellent
441:
1282:
1093:
1409:
1238:
1064:
838:
695:
760:
87:
1362:
385:
timber in India. In Bihar, the tree is planted on roadsides, along canals, and as a shade tree for
17:
1326:
1184:
1137:
1401:
926:
1171:
1026:
560:
The juice of this plant is a potent ingredient for a mixture of wall plaster, according to the
548:
377:
genus sold internationally, but it is also used as fuel wood and for shade and shelter. After
1313:
872:
381:, it is the most important cultivated timber tree of Bihar, which is the largest producer of
214:
1261:
389:. It is also commonly planted in southern Indian cities such as Bangalore as a street tree.
1375:
1145:
8:
511:
408:
percussion instrument, is often made. In addition to musical instruments, it is used for
264:
52:
1075:
737:
1509:
1461:
522:
238:
82:
1427:
998:
885:
306:
is a medium to large deciduous tree with a light crown, which reproduces by seeds and
1388:
1370:
1119:
978:
953:
782:
516:
321:
is native to the foothills of the
Himalayas ranging from Afghanistan in the west to
1466:
1225:
1124:
899:
881:
755:
658:
638:
435:
424:
230:
1098:
486:
The tree's seed oil and powdered wood are used in the treatment of skin ailments.
1440:
1085:
295:
is a large, crooked tree with long, leathery leaves and whitish or pink flowers.
125:
1383:
1049:
507:
420:
345:
112:
1498:
1308:
746:
699:
666:
466:
72:
67:
1352:
1453:
1287:
543:
530:
twigs are still collected and sold in markets for this use in rural areas.
432:
1321:
1246:
1058:
490:
may also have efficacy in the treatment of stomach and blood conditions.
397:
307:
43:
1199:
925:
Adenusi, Adedotun
Adesegun; Odaibo, Alexander Bababunmi (7 March 2009).
1212:
931:
African
Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines
503:
1251:
927:"EFFECTS OF VARYING CONCENTRATIONS OF THE CRUDE AQUEOUS AND ETHANOLIC"
333:
can grow in slightly saline soils. Seedlings are intolerant of shade.
1158:
865:
416:
405:
285:
191:
181:
1020:
1448:
1043:
475:
457:
374:
326:
288:
171:
138:
1274:
1163:
804:
1347:
1132:
471:
409:
161:
735:
412:, agricultural tools, flooring, as a bentwood, and for turning.
1150:
1106:
423:
is white to pale brownish white. The heartwood is durable (its
151:
731:
729:
727:
1435:
646:
581:
wood trading and its uses are under government restrictions.
322:
262:"Indian rosewood" redirects here. The term may also refer to
99:
724:
650:
401:
378:
365:
291:
tree native to the Indian subcontinent and southern Iran.
386:
813:
396:
North Indian rosewood is among the finest cabinet and
619:
611:
373:
It is the best known economic timber species of the
784:
The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant
Species
900:"Make A Neem Toothbrush (Neem Tree Home Remedies)"
761:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T62022617A62022619.en
1496:
461:A North Indian rosewood tree growing in Pakistan
832:
830:
924:
736:Lakhey, P.; Pathak, J.; Adhikari, B. (2020).
546:effects against eggs of the freshwater snail
950:The Theory of Citrasutras in Indian Painting
665:. Local name for Indian rosewood in eastern
827:
564:, which is a Sanskrit treatise dealing with
313:
498:Traditionally, slender tree twigs (called
61:
42:
892:
759:
688:, and is an important commercial timber.
568:(Hindu science of art and construction).
1005:. ENVIS Resource Partner on Biodiversity
456:
440:
364:
977:. New York: Random House. p. 182.
481:
14:
1497:
538:An ethanolic extract of the fruits of
1025:
1024:
991:
972:
947:
1363:a83ca727-49fd-4e98-b905-148ad0e57f97
400:timbers. It is the wood from which '
1505:IUCN Red List least concern species
797:
747:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
24:
633:in Punjabi. In Pushto its name is
25:
1541:
493:
1515:Trees of the Indian subcontinent
1415:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490469-1
836:
445:Dalbergia sissoo, Sisau Tree in
438:in its stem bark and heartwood.
344:is the larval food plant of the
86:
1483:
555:
526:. In other parts of the world,
966:
941:
918:
859:
775:
712:Arid Forest Research Institute
584:
571:
298:
13:
1:
886:10.1016/S0040-4020(01)92474-3
717:
625:. Pakistani common names are
447:IAAS, Paklihawa Campus, Nepal
419:is golden to dark brown; the
1525:Environment of Punjab, India
533:
452:
284:, is a fast-growing, hardy,
7:
705:
620:
612:
10:
1546:
952:. Routledge. p. 121.
609:. Indian common names are
336:
261:
1033:
478:for heating and cooking.
360:
244:
237:
220:
213:
83:Scientific classification
81:
59:
50:
41:
34:
27:Species of deciduous tree
948:Nardi, Isabella (2007).
754:: e.T62022617A62022619.
502:) are first chewed as a
431:is known to contain the
314:Distribution and habitat
1530:Flora of Assam (region)
698:of the Indian state of
355:
999:"State Trees of India"
562:Samarāṅgaṇa Sūtradhāra
549:Biomphalaria pfeifferi
462:
449:
370:
1520:Trees of Western Asia
973:Tudge, Colin (2005).
846:Agroforestry database
669:and western Bihar is
460:
444:
368:
278:North Indian rosewood
506:and then split as a
482:Traditional medicine
276:, known commonly as
1003:www.bsienvis.nic.in
512:teeth cleaning twig
265:Dalbergia latifolia
53:Conservation status
839:"Dalbergia sissoo"
523:Azadirachta indica
463:
450:
371:
1477:
1476:
1371:Open Tree of Life
1027:Taxon identifiers
984:978-0-307-39539-9
589:Common names for
517:Salvadora persica
260:
259:
253:
76:
16:(Redirected from
1537:
1490:
1487:
1470:
1469:
1457:
1456:
1444:
1443:
1431:
1430:
1418:
1417:
1405:
1404:
1392:
1391:
1379:
1378:
1366:
1365:
1356:
1355:
1343:
1342:
1330:
1329:
1317:
1316:
1304:
1303:
1291:
1290:
1278:
1277:
1265:
1264:
1255:
1254:
1242:
1241:
1229:
1228:
1216:
1215:
1203:
1202:
1193:
1192:
1180:
1179:
1167:
1166:
1154:
1153:
1141:
1140:
1128:
1127:
1115:
1114:
1112:dalbergia-sissoo
1102:
1101:
1089:
1088:
1079:
1078:
1069:
1068:
1067:
1065:Dalbergia sissoo
1054:
1053:
1052:
1035:Dalbergia sissoo
1022:
1021:
1015:
1014:
1012:
1010:
995:
989:
988:
970:
964:
963:
945:
939:
938:
922:
916:
915:
913:
911:
906:. Birgit Bradtke
896:
890:
889:
868:Dalbergia sissoo
863:
857:
856:
854:
852:
843:
834:
825:
824:
822:
820:
807:Dalbergia sissoo
801:
795:
794:
793:
791:
779:
773:
772:
770:
768:
763:
740:Dalbergia sissoo
733:
627:sheesham/shisham
623:
615:
488:Dalbergia sissoo
436:dalbergichromene
425:specific gravity
342:Dalbergia sissoo
329:of river banks;
319:Dalbergia sissoo
304:Dalbergia sissoo
273:Dalbergia sissoo
251:
249:Amerimnon sissoo
226:
224:Dalbergia sissoo
91:
90:
70:
65:
64:
46:
36:Dalbergia sissoo
32:
31:
21:
1545:
1544:
1540:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1535:
1534:
1495:
1494:
1493:
1488:
1484:
1478:
1473:
1465:
1460:
1452:
1447:
1439:
1434:
1426:
1421:
1413:
1408:
1400:
1395:
1387:
1382:
1374:
1369:
1361:
1359:
1351:
1346:
1338:
1333:
1325:
1320:
1312:
1307:
1299:
1294:
1286:
1281:
1273:
1268:
1260:
1258:
1250:
1245:
1237:
1232:
1224:
1219:
1211:
1206:
1198:
1196:
1188:
1183:
1175:
1170:
1162:
1157:
1149:
1144:
1136:
1131:
1123:
1118:
1110:
1105:
1097:
1092:
1084:
1082:
1074:
1072:
1063:
1062:
1057:
1048:
1047:
1042:
1029:
1019:
1018:
1008:
1006:
997:
996:
992:
985:
971:
967:
960:
946:
942:
923:
919:
909:
907:
898:
897:
893:
864:
860:
850:
848:
841:
835:
828:
818:
816:
803:
802:
798:
789:
787:
781:
780:
776:
766:
764:
734:
725:
720:
708:
661:, it is called
653:, it is called
641:, it is called
587:
574:
558:
536:
496:
484:
455:
387:tea plantations
363:
358:
339:
316:
301:
269:
256:
233:
228:
222:
209:
85:
77:
66:
62:
55:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1543:
1533:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1492:
1491:
1481:
1475:
1474:
1472:
1471:
1467:wfo-0000172499
1458:
1445:
1432:
1419:
1406:
1393:
1380:
1367:
1357:
1344:
1331:
1318:
1305:
1292:
1279:
1266:
1256:
1243:
1230:
1217:
1204:
1194:
1181:
1168:
1155:
1142:
1129:
1116:
1103:
1090:
1080:
1070:
1055:
1039:
1037:
1031:
1030:
1017:
1016:
990:
983:
965:
959:978-1134165230
958:
940:
917:
891:
880:(4): 799–803.
858:
826:
796:
774:
722:
721:
719:
716:
715:
714:
707:
704:
586:
583:
573:
570:
557:
554:
535:
532:
508:tongue cleaner
495:
494:Teeth brushing
492:
483:
480:
454:
451:
362:
359:
357:
354:
350:Charaxes solon
338:
335:
315:
312:
300:
297:
258:
257:
255:
254:
252:(Roxb.) Kuntze
245:
242:
241:
235:
234:
229:
218:
217:
211:
210:
206:D. sissoo
203:
201:
197:
196:
189:
185:
184:
179:
175:
174:
169:
165:
164:
159:
155:
154:
149:
142:
141:
136:
129:
128:
123:
116:
115:
110:
103:
102:
97:
93:
92:
79:
78:
60:
57:
56:
51:
48:
47:
39:
38:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1542:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1486:
1482:
1480:
1468:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1358:
1354:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1257:
1253:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1195:
1191:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1081:
1077:
1071:
1066:
1060:
1056:
1051:
1045:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1023:
1004:
1000:
994:
986:
980:
976:
969:
961:
955:
951:
944:
937:(2): 139–149.
936:
932:
928:
921:
905:
904:Discover Neem
901:
895:
887:
883:
879:
875:
874:
869:
862:
847:
840:
833:
831:
814:
810:
808:
800:
786:
785:
778:
762:
757:
753:
749:
748:
743:
741:
732:
730:
728:
723:
713:
710:
709:
703:
701:
697:
693:
689:
687:
683:
679:
674:
672:
668:
667:Uttar Pradesh
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
622:
616:
614:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
582:
580:
569:
567:
563:
553:
551:
550:
545:
544:molluscicidal
541:
531:
529:
525:
524:
519:
518:
513:
509:
505:
501:
491:
489:
479:
477:
473:
468:
459:
448:
443:
439:
437:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
413:
411:
407:
403:
399:
394:
390:
388:
384:
380:
376:
369:Sheesham wood
367:
353:
351:
347:
343:
334:
332:
328:
324:
320:
311:
309:
305:
296:
294:
290:
287:
283:
279:
275:
274:
267:
266:
250:
247:
246:
243:
240:
236:
232:
227:
225:
219:
216:
215:Binomial name
212:
208:
207:
202:
199:
198:
195:
194:
190:
187:
186:
183:
180:
177:
176:
173:
170:
167:
166:
163:
160:
157:
156:
153:
150:
147:
144:
143:
140:
137:
134:
131:
130:
127:
124:
121:
118:
117:
114:
113:Tracheophytes
111:
108:
105:
104:
101:
98:
95:
94:
89:
84:
80:
74:
69:
68:Least Concern
58:
54:
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
30:
19:
1485:
1479:
1034:
1007:. Retrieved
1002:
993:
974:
968:
949:
943:
934:
930:
920:
908:. Retrieved
903:
894:
877:
871:
867:
861:
849:. Retrieved
845:
817:. Retrieved
806:
799:
788:, retrieved
783:
777:
765:. Retrieved
751:
745:
739:
691:
690:
685:
681:
680:is known as
677:
676:The wood of
675:
670:
662:
654:
642:
634:
630:
626:
618:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
588:
578:
575:
565:
561:
559:
556:Construction
547:
539:
537:
527:
521:
515:
514:either with
499:
497:
487:
485:
464:
433:neoflavonoid
428:
414:
395:
391:
382:
372:
349:
341:
340:
330:
318:
317:
303:
302:
292:
281:
277:
272:
271:
270:
263:
248:
223:
221:
205:
204:
192:
145:
132:
119:
106:
35:
29:
1322:NatureServe
1247:iNaturalist
1059:Wikispecies
873:Tetrahedron
851:25 December
790:12 December
767:19 November
607:irugudujava
585:Local names
572:Cultivation
566:Śilpaśāstra
346:black rajah
299:Description
178:Subfamily:
126:Angiosperms
1499:Categories
1384:Plant List
718:References
696:state tree
542:exhibited
504:toothbrush
406:Rajasthani
1510:Dalbergia
1190:242316805
1177:242316805
1009:3 January
837:Orwa, C.
678:D. sissoo
637:, and in
591:D. sissoo
540:D. sissoo
534:Pesticide
472:coppicing
467:calorific
453:Fuel wood
429:D. sissoo
417:heartwood
293:D. sissoo
286:deciduous
200:Species:
193:Dalbergia
182:Faboideae
96:Kingdom:
1454:13018086
1449:Tropicos
1436:Species+
1389:ild-1870
1327:2.130140
1314:62022617
1275:490469-1
1050:Q1157813
1044:Wikidata
975:The Tree
819:15 April
706:See also
692:D. sisso
682:sheesham
663:sheeshoo
655:sheesham
476:charcoal
402:mridanga
375:rosewood
327:alluvium
289:rosewood
239:Synonyms
172:Fabaceae
168:Family:
139:Eudicots
73:IUCN 3.1
18:Sheesham
1348:NTFlora
1213:2968532
1133:Ecocrop
910:16 July
694:is the
686:shisham
659:Bengali
639:Persian
579:shisham
528:shisham
421:sapwood
410:plywood
404:', the
383:shisham
337:Ecology
331:shisham
308:suckers
282:shisham
188:Genus:
162:Fabales
158:Order:
100:Plantae
71: (
1428:367-11
1397:PLANTS
1360:NZOR:
1340:107308
1252:161584
1200:DALSIS
1197:FoIO:
1151:639922
1107:ARKive
1099:116885
1083:APDB:
1073:AoFP:
981:
956:
815:(EPPO)
700:Punjab
617:, and
613:biradi
605:, and
398:veneer
361:Timber
152:Rosids
1441:68237
1423:SANBI
1376:93966
1301:26596
1288:17808
1262:10114
1259:IPA:
1239:13169
1164:DAGSI
1125:33Z9N
1086:66620
842:(PDF)
671:seeso
657:. In
647:Hindi
645:. In
635:shewa
631:tahli
621:sisau
599:tahli
500:datun
323:Bihar
231:Roxb.
146:Clade
133:Clade
120:Clade
107:Clade
1410:POWO
1402:DASI
1353:2223
1335:NCBI
1309:IUCN
1296:ITIS
1270:IPNI
1234:GRIN
1226:1186
1221:GISD
1208:GBIF
1159:EPPO
1138:5192
1094:APNI
1076:1447
1011:2021
979:ISBN
954:ISBN
912:2013
853:2016
821:2021
792:2015
769:2021
752:2020
651:Urdu
649:and
629:and
603:tali
595:sisu
593:are
465:The
415:The
379:teak
356:Uses
1462:WFO
1283:ISC
1185:FoC
1172:FNA
1146:EoL
1120:CoL
882:doi
870:".
756:doi
684:or
643:jag
601:or
520:or
352:).
280:or
1501::
1464::
1451::
1438::
1425::
1412::
1399::
1386::
1373::
1350::
1337::
1324::
1311::
1298::
1285::
1272::
1249::
1236::
1223::
1210::
1187::
1174::
1161::
1148::
1135::
1122::
1109::
1096::
1061::
1046::
1001:.
933:.
929:.
902:.
878:27
876:.
844:.
829:^
811:.
750:.
744:.
726:^
702:.
673:.
597:,
552:.
148::
135::
122::
109::
1013:.
987:.
962:.
935:6
914:.
888:.
884::
855:.
823:.
809:"
805:"
771:.
758::
742:"
738:"
348:(
268:.
75:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
