101:
to flood and the muck is excavated out of the base of the shaft underwater using a grab on the end of a crane or similar excavation method. Because the shaft is flooded, the lining can not be constructed at the excavation level of the shaft so this method only suits methods where the lining is installed before shaft sinking (such as the use of sheet piles) or where the lining is sunk down with the shaft such as the caisson method.
100:
Shafts can be sunk either dry or for methods such as the caisson method they can be sunk wet. Sinking a dry shaft means that any water that flows into the excavation is pumped out to leave no significant standing or flowing water in the base of the shaft. When wet sinking a shaft the shaft is allowed
118:
113:
50:
96:
Incremental excavation supported by shotcrete, rock bolts, cable anchors and steel sets or ribs
20:
87:
46:
71:
There are a number of methods for the construction of shafts, the most significant being:
8:
30:
is an underground vertical or inclined passageway. Shafts are often entered through a
54:
107:
35:
83:
76:
62:
For access to a tunnel or underground structure, also as an escape route
93:
Incremental excavation with a shotcrete circular or elliptical lining
31:
79:
or bored piles to construct a square or rectangular braced shaft
19:
This article is about underground passages. For other uses, see
16:
Underground vertical or inclined passageway in civil engineering
38:. They are constructed for a number of reasons including:
105:
59:As a drop shaft for a sewerage or water tunnel
82:The use of segmental lining installed by
106:
13:
14:
130:
42:For the construction of a tunnel
66:
1:
90:sunk to form a circular shaft
7:
10:
135:
18:
75:The use of sheet piles,
26:In civil engineering a
21:Shaft (disambiguation)
51:underground structure
119:Tunnel construction
114:Civil engineering
55:ventilation shaft
126:
34:and closed by a
134:
133:
129:
128:
127:
125:
124:
123:
104:
103:
77:diaphragm walls
69:
49:of a tunnel or
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
132:
122:
121:
116:
98:
97:
94:
91:
80:
68:
65:
64:
63:
60:
57:
43:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
131:
120:
117:
115:
112:
111:
109:
102:
95:
92:
89:
85:
81:
78:
74:
73:
72:
61:
58:
56:
52:
48:
44:
41:
40:
39:
37:
36:manhole cover
33:
29:
22:
99:
84:underpinning
70:
67:Construction
27:
25:
47:ventilation
108:Categories
88:caisson
32:manhole
53:, aka
28:shaft
45:For
86:or
110::
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.