32:(IMC). The goal of scud running is to stay clear of weather to continue flying with visual, rather than instrument, references. This practice is widely accepted to be dangerous, and has led to death in many cases from pilots flying into terrain or obstacles, such as masts and towers, normally referred to as controlled flight into terrain, or
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G) airspace, where (at that altitude) a pilot is required only to remain clear of clouds and to maintain 1 statute mile (1.6 km) visibility. Flying in the airspace above the tree line, yet below 1,200 feet (370 m) is considered "scud running" where land ownership rights ends at the height of the property tree line.
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to remain 500 ft (150 m) below a cloud ceiling and to maintain 3 statute miles (4.8 km) visibility. However, outside of airport control zones and major terminal areas, controlled airspace typically begins at 1,200 feet (370 m) above ground level; below that is uncontrolled (class
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Scud running is occasionally described as "maintaining visual contact with the ground while avoiding physical contact with it" or "if the weather's too bad to go IFR, we'll go VFR." A procedure under instrument flight rules (IFR), called a
36:; however, even instrument-rated pilots sometimes elect to take the risk to avoid icing or embedded thunderstorms in cloud, or in situations where the minimum instrument altitudes are too high for their aircraft.
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In Canada, the visibility and altitude requirements are similar to those in the U.S., but most controlled airspace outside of terminal areas bottoms out at 2,200 feet (670 m)
51:, which is used to describe small, ragged, low cloud fragments that are unattached to a larger cloud base, and often seen with and behind cold fronts and thunderstorm gust fronts.
63:(AGL), so there is more room to scud run legally. In northern Canada, there is little controlled airspace at all, below the high-level class A airspace.
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102:"FATAL CRASH UPDATE: FAA Registry Shows Plane Belongs to Midland Business"
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134:"Instrument Insights Part 8 of 12: Tricks of the Trade"
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169:. Federal Aviation Administration. 2010-08-26
191:Scud Running – Discussing a Delicate Subject
122:FAA AC60-22 "Aeronautical Decision Making"
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167:National Weather Service (NWS) Glossary
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132:Thomas, Horne (1988-08-01).
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138:AOPA Pilot Magazine
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173:2010-12-05
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88:References
200:Category
163:"Scud"
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81:VFR
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