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1155:(DEC) independently decided to sponsor a long-term revival of the Schneider Trophy, with the first race held in 1984, and races held annually, with a few omissions, since then. The idea was submitted by DEC's then UK PR consultancy Infopress as part of a broader commercial sponsorship programme designed to increase DEC's presence in the UK market at that time. DEC sponsored this revived race series from 1984 until 1991, which also marked the diamond jubilee of the final race in the original series. DEC and Infopress turned to the expertise of the Royal Aero Club's Records, Racing & Rally Association which again administered and ran the actual races. The 1981 Solent course, itself a close approximation of the original 1929 and 1931 Schneider Trophy courses over the Solent, was also used and adapted from year to year.
520:, allowed Supermarine to compete. When the French and Italian teams dropped out, leaving no other competitors, the British team flew the course alone on 13 September and won the coveted Schneider Trophy outright, having beaten the time record from the 1929 competition. Reportedly half a million spectators lined the beachfronts. The Italian, French, and German entrants failed to ready their aircraft in time for the competition. The remaining British team set both a new world speed record of 610 km/h (380 mph) and won the trophy outright with a third straight win. The following days saw the winning Supermarine S.6B further break the world speed record twice, making it the first craft to break the 400 mph barrier on 29 September at an average speed of 655.8 km/h (407.5 mph).
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140:, a French financier, balloonist and aircraft enthusiast, the competition offered a prize of approximately ÂŁ1,000. The race was held twelve times between 1913 and 1931, the year when it was finally won permanently by the British. It was intended to encourage technical advances in civil aviation but became a contest for pure speed with laps over a (usually) triangular course, initially 280 km (170 mi) and later extended to 350 km (220 mi). The contests were staged as time trials, with aircraft setting off individually at set intervals, usually 15 minutes apart. The contests were very popular, and some of them attracted crowds of over 200,000 spectators.
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support and using
Curtiss racing biplanes derived from inter-military competitions, increased the speed and the investment of a winning entry significantly. In 1924 the competition was cancelled as no other nation turned out to face the Americans: the Italians and the French withdrew; and both British craft crashed in pre-race trials. In 1925 at
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the race opened on a handicapped basis to any propeller–driven landplane capable of maintaining 100 miles per hour (160 km/h; 87 kn) in straight and level flight, and weighing up to 12,500 lb (5,700 kg). Pilots had to have a minimum of 100 hours as pilot-in-command, and a valid air racing licence.
443:, used a Fiat AS2 engine and was streamlined in the manner of the 1925 Supermarine and Curtiss entrants. The American teams withdrew from further competition after the 1926 race, as the military was unwilling to fund entrants. In 1927 at Venice the British responded by enlisting government backing and
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Although the
British team had secured the trophy for the UK permanently with the 1931 uncontested win, the development of the other 1931 entrants continued. The proposed Italian entrant (the Macchi M.C.72), which had pulled out of the contest due to engine problems, later went on to set two new world
274:
in 1908, but a boating accident in 1910 crippled him and prematurely ended his racing and flying career. Schneider served as a race referee at the Monaco
Hydroplane Meet in 1912, where he noted that seaplane development was lagging land-based aircraft; seeking to spur amphibious aircraft development,
333:
the
Italians won again; in 1920 no other nation entered and in 1921 the French entry did not start. Had it not been for the 1919 disqualification, Italy would have been awarded the trophy permanently. After 1921, an additional requirement was added: the winning seaplane had to remain moored to
1147:
In 1981 the race was revived, no longer for seaplanes and under different rules, by the Royal Aero Club of Great
Britain to commemorate the 50th anniversary of Britain's ultimate retention of the Schneider Trophy. The original trophy remained in the Science Museum, a full-size replica was cast, and
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Aircraft taking part had to be seaworthy, having to float for six hours and travel about 550 yards (503m) on water. Twice during the flight they had to land on or "come in contact" with the water (which allowed contestants to carry out a fast bouncing manoeuvre). If the pontoons took on water, the
1158:
This sponsorship had a profound effect on the awareness and popularity of handicapped air racing in the UK and further afield, as well as markedly increasing DEC's commercial profile in the UK. The appeal of the race, its historic connections, and the fact that prize money was now on offer, meant
396:
engine. US Navy
Lieutenant David Rittenhouse won the cup, and his teammate Rutledge Irvine was second in an identical aircraft. The British Sea Lion III (flown by 1922 winner Henry Biard), and the French entry withdrew from the race. The preparation of the United States team, backed by government
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that survived the 1927 Schneider Trophy Race. The plane, race, and trophy are referred to throughout the song. (Bill Hosie and the replica were both real. Hosie competed in the 1985 and 1986 DEC Schneider Trophy Races, and DEC partly financed his rebuild of the S.5 replica. He crashed during a
304:
at an average speed of 73.56 km/h (45.71 mph). Although Prévost had averaged a faster flying speed, he lost 50 minutes when he landed prematurely after losing count of the laps completed. All four entrants were flying French-made aircraft; two withdrew before completing the race. The
191:
flight had to continue with the added weight. Each competition was to be held in and managed by the country currently holding the trophy. If a country won three consecutive races, as the
British finally did, they would retain the trophy permanently and the winning pilot would receive 75,000
543:
in northern Italy with a speed of 682.36 km/h (424.00 mph). Eighteen months later in the same venue, it broke the 700 km/h barrier with an average speed of 709.202 km/h (440.678 mph). Both times the plane was piloted by
275:
capable of reliable operation, extended range, and reasonable payload capacity, he announced the annual
Schneider Trophy competition at a race banquet on 5 December, to cover a distance of at least 150 nautical miles (280 km; 170 mi).
467:
took first and second places; no other entrants finished. The race was witnessed by an estimated 250,000 spectators. 1927 was the last annual competition, the event was then mutually agreed to be held biennially to allow more development time.
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at 139.74 km/h (86.83 mph); the 1914 race was contested by three nations: France, the United
Kingdom, and Switzerland. The United States and Germany failed to qualify. From 1915 to 1918, competition was suspended for the duration of
207:
The
Schneider Trophy is a sculpture of silver and bronze set on a marble base. It depicts a zephyr skimming the waves, and a nude winged figure is seen kissing a zephyr recumbent on a breaking wave. The heads of two other zephyrs and of
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engine with an average speed of 528.89 km/h (328.64 mph). Both Britain and Italy entered two new aircraft and a backup plane from the previous race. Three of the four new aircraft were disqualified (Supermarine S.6
233:
After the British finally won permanent possession of the trophy in 1931, the sculpture was displayed for many years at the end of the corridor outside the ballroom of the Lansdowne Club. It has since been entrusted to the
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that the entry list for the race was large enough to warrant the introduction of heats from 1985 onwards. (There were 62 entrants to the 1984 race, believed at the time to be the largest-ever in all forms of air racing.)
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147:
and engine design, and showed its results in the best fighters of World War II. The streamlined shape and the low drag, liquid-cooled engine pioneered by Schneider Trophy designs are obvious in the British
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and his fiancée Sarah Ferguson; in 1987, when the event was featured as one episode in a BBC television documentary series; and in 1988, when it was a central part of that year's ITV Telethon Appeal.
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Newsreel footage of 1929 Schneider Trophy racing teams, British Supermarine S.6A aircraft (#2 and #8), and Italian Macchi M.67 (#10) and Macchi M.52R (#4) aircraft at 1929 Schneider Trophy race
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instructed the Italian aircraft industry to "win the Schneider Trophy at all costs" and so demonstrate the effectiveness of his Fascist government. In 1926, the Italians returned with a
1179:
DEC continued to sponsor the races until 1991. Since that time, the race has been run by the Royal Aero Club Records Racing and Rally Association along with the King's Cup and the
212:, the god of the Sea, can be seen surrounded by octopus and crabs. The symbolism represents speed conquering the elements of sea and air. The cost of the trophy was 25,000 francs.
329:
conditions the Italian team won. They were later disqualified and the race was voided, as the referees ruled they had incorrectly flown around a marker buoy. In 1920 and 1921 at
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in the UK, just one month before that year's DEC Schneider Trophy Race. Hosie was killed. Details of the crash and its cause are in AIB Bulletin 9/87 published by the
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DEC invited customers and partners to each year's event as guests, and the general public watched in increasing numbers as the series grew in size and popularity.
539:
speed records with the help of British fuel expert Rod Banks, who had worked on the Rolls Royce R engine of the S6B. In April 1933 it set a record over
278:
2856:
Meurillon, Louis (July 1976). "La Coupe Schneider et la Société des Avions Bernard (1)" [The Schneider Cup and the Bernard Company, Part 1].
2481:
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as R. J. Mitchell centres on Mitchell's life as the designer of multiple Schneider Trophy–winning seaplanes and then the Spitfire fighter plane.
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Mario Castoldi, designer of the 1926 winner, the Macchi M.39, also designed other contestants such as the M.52, the M.52R, the M.67, and the
298:
2921:. London, UK. Seeley Service & Co. Limited. (Orlebar was the commanding office of the 1929 and 1931 British Schneider Trophy teams.)
601:
1183:. The venue has varied but is still flown on most occasions around a Solent-based course, usually around September of each year.
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349:. The French aircraft did not start the race, which became a competition between the Sea Lion and three Italian aircraft, two
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and the aero club in the hosting country. Each club could enter up to three competitors with an equal number of alternatives.
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In 1931 the British government withdrew support, but a private donation of ÂŁ100,000 from the wealthy and ultra-patriotic
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and the other Gloster III were damaged before the race and did not compete. Two of the American planes did not finish.
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439:. The United States, short of funds, did not develop new aircraft for the 1926 title defence; the M.39, designed by
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493:
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2097:
2072:'s naming the film's antagonist Donald Curtiss, a reference to American aircraft designers Glenn Curtiss and
1986:
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17:
1035:
2960:
Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation (1989) has an extensive article on the Schneider Trophy (pp. 794–797).
3033:
1134:
James Doolittle, winning pilot of the 1925 race, was accomplished in many other areas. He led the famous "
1176:, the highlight of the UK's air racing season, and regularly attracted entrants from continental Europe.
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595:
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153:
3010:
Newsreel footage of Macchi M.39 and Major Mario de Bernardi after winning the 1926 Schneider Trophy race
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2914:. London, UK. John Hamilton Limited. (Schofield was a member of the 1927 British Schneider Trophy team.)
2489:
2283:
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Reginald J. Mitchell, designer of the winning Supermarine Schneider Trophy entrants, also designed the
858:
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taking second and Supermarine S.5 taking third. Although France had ordered racing seaplanes from
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is a trophy that was awarded first annually, and later biennially, to the winner of a race for
50:
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75,000 French francs in 2012 were equivalent in purchasing power to about €430,000 in 2023
129:. In 1931 Britain met the conditions to retain the Trophy permanently; it was held at the
8:
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44:
293:, consisting of six laps, 300 kilometres (190 mi) distance in total. It was won by
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517:
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294:
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An earlier 1910 trophy for land planes presented by Jacques Schneider, in France, the
143:
The race was significant in advancing aeroplane design, particularly in the fields of
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2944:
2929:
2901:
2877:
2861:
2844:
2837:
Mondey, David (December 1981 – March 1982). "Britain Captures the Schneider Trophy".
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229:(2011). It was disqualified from the 1929 competition due to turning inside a marker.
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1123:. After the M.C.72 Castoldi designed some of the Italian fighters which flew during
1826:
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548:. This speed remains the fastest speed ever attained by a piston-engined seaplane.
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428:
239:
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racer who came from a wealthy family; his interest in aircraft began after he met
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1138:", an American bombing attack on several Japanese homeland targets in April 1942.
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235:
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2719:. British Air Racing: Royal Aero Club — Records, Racing & Rally Association.
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the British and French competed with the Italians. The British private entry, a
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1913:
1733:
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1008:
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and won against the Americans with a 396.69 km/h (246.49 mph) run at
418:
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388:, went to the Americans with a sleek, liquid-cooled engined craft designed by
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For a complete list of the aircraft which competed in the competitions, see
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250:, which competed in the 1929 contest but was disqualified, is preserved at
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The Schneider Cup is frequently referred to in the 1992 animated film
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in 1928, they were unable to complete them in time for the 1929 race.
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2822:
Racing Ace - The Fights and Flights of 'Kink' Kinkead DSO DSC* DFC*
2223:
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497:
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for each of the first three wins. The races were supervised by the
122:
62:
1192:
Royal Aero Club of Great Britain Schneider Trophy Winners (1981+)
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The event received further boosts in 1986, when it was started by
2889:
Schneider Trophy to Spitfire - The Design Career of R.J. Mitchell
472:
2985:"Schneider Contest 1931" (Course layout and general regulations)
777:
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Following that event, the UK subsidiary of US computer company
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338:
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290:
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For the pilots taking part, the event became, along with the
959:
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703:
385:
475:, Supermarine won again in the Supermarine S.6 with the new
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Royal Air Force official web page on the Schneider Trophy
326:
3005:
SPEEDBIRDS Graphics study on the Schneider Trophy planes
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test-flight of this replica on 23 May 1987, near Mylor,
2926:
Schneider Trophy Diamond Jubilee, Looking Back 60 Years
1842:
142.612 kn (264.117 km/h; 164.115 mph)
2667:
Adventuress: The Life and Loves of Lucy, Lady Houston
2192:
2190:
2188:
289:
The first competition was held on 16 April 1913, at
1765:124.26 kn (230.13 km/h; 143.00 mph)
2943:. London, UK. Putnam & Company Limited, 1991.
2395:
2393:
2185:
321:After the war, the competition resumed in 1919 at
186:Close-up of the top of the Schneider Trophy (2013)
2800:. Cambridge, UK: Patrick Stephens Limited, 1989.
2779:. Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife Publishing Ltd., 2001.
2763:. Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife Publishing Ltd., 1981.
334:a buoy for six hours without human intervention.
27:Annual air racing event for seaplanes (1913–1931)
3040:
2737:. Civil Aviation Authority. May 1997. p. 17
2559:"Baltimore, Shore Park Bay - October 26th, 1925"
2967:. London, UK. Osprey Publishing Limited, 1988.
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2990:, No. 1181, Vol. XXIII, No. 33, 14 August 1931
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38:La Coupe d'Aviation Maritime Jacques Schneider
2928:. Poole, UK. Waterfront Publications, 1991.
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2282:. 19 April 1913. p. 450. Archived from
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2613:"Venezia, Lio beach - September 26th, 1927"
107:Coupe d'Aviation Maritime Jacques Schneider
2322:. Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife Publishing Ltd.
1902:167 kn (309 km/h; 192 mph)
43:
2988:Flight the Aircraft Engineer and Airships
2855:
2813:The Schneider Trophy Contests (1913-1931)
2700:
2429:"Venezia - September 20th and 21st, 1920"
2228:
463:entries. Supermarine's Mitchell-designed
246:Flight exhibition hall. Supermarine S.6,
238:and can be viewed along with the winning
2664:
522:
507:
364:
277:
214:
181:
49:The Schneider Trophy, on display at the
2640:"Calshot - September 6th and 7th, 1929"
2313:
484:) or failed to finish the course (both
401:the Americans won again, with US pilot
14:
3041:
2505:"Napoli - August, 10th and 12th, 1922"
2311:
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2307:
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512:1931 Schneider Trophy team from the UK
369:Schneider Cup racing, illustration by
197:Fédération Aéronautique Internationale
174:, is also known as the Schneider Cup.
2900:Yeovil, UK: Haynes Publishing, 2008.
2826:Barnsley, UK: Pen & Sword, 2011.
2810:
2586:"Hampton Roads - November 13th, 1926"
2056:
1423:195.502 km/h (121.479 mph)
2963:Baldrey, Dennis & Jerram, Mike.
2402:"Bournemouth - September 10th, 1919"
2317:
2247:
2941:Schneider Trophy Aircraft 1913-1931
2798:World Encyclopaedia of Aero Engines
2290:
1341:310.68 km/h (193.05 mph)
1320:261.68 km/h (162.60 mph)
1299:177.83 km/h (110.50 mph)
1278:255.72 km/h (158.90 mph)
1257:215.65 km/h (134.00 mph)
1236:239.37 km/h (148.74 mph)
24:
2954:
2133:Gordon Bennett Trophy (aeroplanes)
1186:
168:Grande Semaine d'Aviation de Tours
25:
3070:
2978:
2876:. London, UK: Robert Hale, 1975.
2482:"Schneider Victor's Welcome Home"
2068:, even to the extent of director
553:List of Schneider Trophy aircraft
2682:"Calshot - September 13th, 1931"
2488:. 31 August 1922. Archived from
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608:
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2843:. No. 17. pp. 36–50.
2753:
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2688:. Translated by Dickerhoof, Gib
2658:
2646:. Translated by Dickerhoof, Gib
2619:. Translated by Dickerhoof, Gib
2592:. Translated by Dickerhoof, Gib
2565:. Translated by Dickerhoof, Gib
2538:. Translated by Dickerhoof, Gib
2511:. Translated by Dickerhoof, Gib
2474:
2462:. Translated by Dickerhoof, Gib
2435:. Translated by Dickerhoof, Gib
2408:. Translated by Dickerhoof, Gib
2378:. Translated by Dickerhoof, Gib
2351:. Translated by Dickerhoof, Gib
2205:. Translated by Dickerhoof, Gib
1181:British air racing championship
1142:
2815:. Southport: Real Photographs.
2532:"Cowes - September 28th, 1923"
2268:
2217:
2176:
2150:
2098:Accidents Investigation Branch
384:The 1923 trophy, contested at
360:
13:
1:
2965:The DEC Schneider Trophy Race
2680:Pecastaingts, Pierre (1996).
2638:Pecastaingts, Pierre (1996).
2611:Pecastaingts, Pierre (1996).
2584:Pecastaingts, Pierre (1996).
2557:Pecastaingts, Pierre (1996).
2530:Pecastaingts, Pierre (1996).
2503:Pecastaingts, Pierre (1996).
2456:"Venezia - August 11th, 1921"
2454:Pecastaingts, Pierre (1996).
2427:Pecastaingts, Pierre (1996).
2400:Pecastaingts, Pierre (1996).
2370:Pecastaingts, Pierre (1996).
2343:Pecastaingts, Pierre (1996).
2197:Pecastaingts, Pierre (1996).
2143:
1153:Digital Equipment Corporation
503:
374:
133:in South Kensington, London.
2912:High Speed and Other Flights
2079:In the song "Bill Hosie" by
1067:Calshot Spit, United Kingdom
942:Hampton Roads, United States
7:
2372:"Monaco - April 20th, 1914"
2345:"Monaco - April 16th, 1913"
2158:"Schneider Trophy air race"
2121:
2087:rebuilds a Supermarine S.5
1164:Prince Andrew, Duke of York
686:Bournemouth, United Kingdom
596:Deperdussin Coupe Schneider
345:, was the victor, flown by
305:British won in 1914 with a
302:Monocoque (Coupe Schneider)
170:, in the possession of the
154:North American P-51 Mustang
10:
3075:
2776:The Schneider Trophy Story
2761:The Schneider Trophy Races
2717:"Schneider Trophy Winners"
2320:The Schneider Trophy Story
2224:Solent Sky aviation museum
675:Competition suspended for
558:
261:
2994:Schneider Trophy web site
2732:"Aviatrion safety review"
2665:Crompton, Teresa (2020).
2256:. Smithsonian Institution
2248:Dick, Ron (31 May 1988).
1755:Scottish Aviation Bulldog
1454:Scottish Aviation Bulldog
1106:
889:
674:
202:
95:
87:
79:
69:
57:
42:
37:
3034:The Schneider Cup racers
2860:(in French) (80): 6–87.
2254:Air & Space Magazine
177:
2811:Hawks, Ellison (1945).
2128:List of aviation awards
2102:Department of Transport
812:Supermarine Sea Lion II
343:Supermarine Sea Lion II
2896:3 October 2011 at the
2250:"The Schneider Trophy"
890:Competition cancelled
535:
513:
381:
286:
230:
187:
51:Science Museum, London
2858:Le Fana de l'Aviation
2790:registration required
2318:Eves, Edward (2001).
1634:Grumman American AA-5
1554:Grumman American AA-1
1353:Piper PA-22 Tri-Pacer
1331:Cessna Skymaster 337F
849:Cowes, United Kingdom
526:
511:
409:ahead of the British
371:William Lionel Wyllie
368:
281:
244:London Science Museum
218:
185:
136:Announced in 1912 by
117:or (incorrectly) the
3027:11 June 2011 at the
3015:11 June 2011 at the
2874:The Schneider Trophy
2669:. The History Press.
2492:on 14 February 2013.
2276:"The Monaco Meeting"
2110:The First of the Few
1541:Milan Konstantinovic
1114:Supermarine Spitfire
794:Giovanni de Briganti
532:Museo Vigna di Valle
297:, piloting a French
172:RAF College Cranwell
150:Supermarine Spitfire
109:, also known as the
2706:Gunston 1989, p. 58
2048:Sqn Ldr Ben Polwin
2031:Flt Lt Bob Johnson
1991:Cancelled (Weather)
1694:Van's Aircraft RV-6
1674:Van's Aircraft RV-7
1193:
1174:King's Cup air race
254:maritime museum in
65:over a fixed course
2286:on 7 October 2012.
2138:National Air Races
2057:In popular culture
2042:Van's RV-7 G-RVBP
1461:Sqn Ldr Mike Baker
1191:
536:
518:Lucy, Lady Houston
514:
488:), with the older
382:
287:
242:floatplane at the
231:
188:
156:, and the Italian
2910:Schofield, H. M.
2906:978-1-84425-530-6
2832:978-1-84884-216-8
2162:Century of Flight
2054:
2053:
1741:Daniel Pangbourne
1434:Bölkow 208 Junior
1104:
1103:
968:Mario de Bernardi
876:David Rittenhouse
449:High Speed Flight
283:Jacques Schneider
138:Jacques Schneider
103:
102:
74:Jacques Schneider
16:(Redirected from
3066:
3049:Schneider Trophy
2939:James, Derek N.
2919:Schneider Trophy
2869:
2852:
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2113:(1942) starring
2039:Bracklesham Bay
1776:Winning Aircraft
1621:Ivan Seach-Allen
1574:Winning Aircraft
1393:Beechcraft Baron
1373:Winning Aircraft
1203:Winning Aircraft
1194:
1190:
1100:340.08 mph
1098:547.31 km/h
1089:
1087:
1086:
1079:
1071:Supermarine S.6B
1059:328.64 mph
1057:528.89 km/h
1048:
1046:
1045:
1038:
1026:, United Kingdom
1015:281.66 mph
1013:453.28 km/h
1004:
1002:
1001:
994:
974:246.49 mph
972:396.69 km/h
963:
962:
954:
934:232.57 mph
932:374.28 km/h
923:
921:
920:
913:
882:177.27 mph
880:285.29 km/h
871:
869:
868:
861:
841:145.72 mph
839:234.51 km/h
830:
828:
827:
820:
800:117.85 mph
798:189.66 km/h
789:
788:
780:
747:
746:
738:
707:
706:
698:
665:139.74 km/h
656:
654:
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646:
613:
612:
604:
572:Winning aircraft
563:
562:
546:Francesco Agello
429:Benito Mussolini
413:and the Italian
379:
376:
266:Schneider was a
240:Supermarine S.6B
111:Schneider Trophy
47:
35:
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21:
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3059:Aviation awards
3039:
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3029:Wayback Machine
3017:Wayback Machine
2981:
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2955:Further reading
2917:Orlebar, A. H.
2898:Wayback Machine
2886:Shelton, John.
2872:Mondey, David.
2819:Lewis, Julian.
2796:Gunston, Bill.
2787:
2759:Barker, Ralph.
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2045:United Kingdom
2012:Jonathan Willis
1921:Roderick Morton
1899:Jonathan Willis
1601:Dudley Pattison
1317:Andrew Brinkley
1189:
1187:Revival winners
1145:
1109:
1099:
1084:
1082:
1058:
1053:Richard Waghorn
1043:
1041:
1030:Supermarine S.6
1014:
999:
997:
986:Supermarine S.5
973:
957:
933:
928:James Doolittle
918:
916:
901:, United States
881:
866:
864:
840:
825:
823:
799:
783:
760:107.2 mph
759:
758:172.6 km/h
741:
701:
667:86.83 mph
666:
651:
649:
638:Sopwith Tabloid
626:45.71 mph
625:
624:73.56 km/h
620:Maurice Prévost
607:
561:
506:
498:Nieuport-Delage
423:Supermarine S.4
403:Jimmy Doolittle
377:
363:
307:Sopwith Tabloid
295:Maurice Prévost
264:
236:Royal Aero Club
220:Supermarine S.6
205:
180:
152:, the American
115:Schneider Prize
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1360:Safaya Hemming
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1136:Doolittle Raid
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441:Mario Castoldi
419:R. J. Mitchell
399:Chesapeake Bay
392:. It used the
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2924:Smith, Alan.
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2754:Bibliography
2739:. Retrieved
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2690:. Retrieved
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2648:. Retrieved
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2567:. Retrieved
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2513:. Retrieved
2508:
2498:
2490:the original
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2410:. Retrieved
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2353:. Retrieved
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2284:the original
2279:
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2258:. Retrieved
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2207:. Retrieved
2202:
2178:
2166:. Retrieved
2161:
2152:
2108:
2100:of the UK's
2063:
1878:John Kelsall
1701:John Village
1681:John Kelsall
1661:John Spooner
1338:Peter Crispe
1289:Tipsy Nipper
1268:Robin Aiglon
1233:Jeremy Smith
1226:Piper Archer
1178:
1171:
1168:
1161:
1157:
1150:
1146:
1143:1981 revival
1125:World War II
1024:Calshot Spit
853:Curtiss CR-3
550:
537:
515:
490:Macchi M.52R
486:Macchi M.67s
481:
471:In 1929, at
470:
447:pilots (the
427:
394:Curtiss D-12
383:
378: 1920s
351:Macchi M.17s
336:
320:
288:
265:
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167:
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145:aerodynamics
142:
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127:flying boats
118:
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106:
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96:Last awarded
70:Sponsored by
29:
2686:Hydro Retro
2644:Hydro Retro
2617:Hydro Retro
2590:Hydro Retro
2563:Hydro Retro
2536:Hydro Retro
2509:Hydro Retro
2460:Hydro Retro
2433:Hydro Retro
2406:Hydro Retro
2376:Hydro Retro
2349:Hydro Retro
2203:Hydro Retro
2085:protagonist
2065:Porco Rosso
1976:Ian Harding
1762:Neil Cooper
1594:Robin DR400
1521:Alan Austin
1501:John Kelman
1296:Ron Mitcham
946:Macchi M.39
835:Henry Biard
730:Savoia S.12
690:Savoia S.13
677:World War I
453:Supermarine
433:Macchi M.39
415:Macchi M.33
411:Gloster III
407:Curtiss R3C
361:Nationalism
355:Savoia S.51
347:Henry Biard
337:In 1922 in
323:Bournemouth
316:World War I
299:Deperdussin
256:Southampton
58:Awarded for
3043:Categories
2144:References
1969:Van's RV-7
1892:Van's RV-6
1871:Van's RV-7
1561:Bruce Hook
1534:Cessna 182
1481:Ian Finbow
1310:Cessna 180
1275:Nick Snook
1247:Beagle Pup
541:Lake Garda
504:The UK win
451:) for the
268:hydroplane
252:Solent Sky
227:Solent Sky
3054:Air races
3001:(archive)
2866:0757-4169
2849:0143-5450
2741:19 August
2199:"Origins"
2168:23 August
2107:The film
1951:Cancelled
1934:Cancelled
1853:Cancelled
1812:Cancelled
1796:Cancelled
1793:Bembridge
1751:Bembridge
1349:Bembridge
1221:Bembridge
899:Baltimore
325:where in
309:flown by
123:seaplanes
3025:Archived
3013:Archived
2894:Archived
2122:See also
2104:, 1987.)
2094:Cornwall
2089:seaplane
1965:Alderney
1948:Alderney
1931:Alderney
1910:Alderney
1888:Alderney
1867:Alderney
1850:Alderney
1827:Alderney
1773:Location
1571:Location
1370:Location
1200:Location
1116:fighter.
672:1915–18
569:Location
63:seaplane
61:Fastest
1987:Sandown
1832:CAP 10B
559:Winners
494:Bernard
473:Calshot
457:Gloster
262:History
210:Neptune
160:Folgore
80:Country
2971:
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2783:
2767:
2692:20 May
2650:20 May
2623:20 May
2596:20 May
2569:20 May
2542:20 May
2515:20 May
2486:Flight
2466:20 May
2439:20 May
2412:20 May
2382:20 May
2355:20 May
2326:
2280:Flight
2260:20 May
2209:20 May
2164:. 2003
2083:, the
2022:Solent
1779:Nation
1577:Nation
1376:Nation
1206:Nation
1129:MC.202
1121:M.C.72
1107:Alumni
1088:
1047:
1003:
922:
870:
829:
655:
634:Monaco
615:France
592:Monaco
578:Nation
534:(2011)
461:Shorts
459:, and
353:and a
339:Naples
331:Venice
291:Monaco
285:(1913)
203:Trophy
2735:(PDF)
2036:2024
1782:Pilot
1580:Pilot
1379:Pilot
1209:Pilot
964:Italy
887:1924
790:Italy
749:Italy
709:Italy
581:Pilot
575:Image
482:N.248
386:Cowes
327:foggy
178:Rules
32:Award
2969:ISBN
2945:ISBN
2930:ISBN
2902:ISBN
2878:ISBN
2862:ISSN
2845:ISSN
2828:ISBN
2802:ISBN
2781:ISBN
2765:ISBN
2743:2011
2694:2020
2652:2020
2625:2020
2598:2020
2571:2020
2544:2020
2517:2020
2468:2020
2441:2020
2414:2020
2384:2020
2357:2020
2324:ISBN
2262:2020
2211:2020
2170:2023
2019:2023
2002:2022
1983:2021
1962:2019
1945:2018
1928:2017
1907:2016
1885:2015
1864:2014
1847:2013
1823:2012
1807:2011
1790:2010
1770:Date
1748:2009
1728:2007
1708:2006
1688:2005
1668:2004
1648:2003
1628:2002
1608:2001
1588:2000
1568:Date
1548:1999
1528:1998
1508:1996
1488:1995
1468:1994
1448:1993
1428:1992
1407:1991
1387:1990
1367:Date
1346:1989
1325:1988
1304:1987
1283:1986
1262:1985
1241:1984
1217:1981
1197:Date
1064:1931
1020:1929
979:1927
939:1926
895:1925
846:1923
805:1922
765:1921
723:1920
683:1919
631:1914
589:1913
566:Date
496:and
465:S.5s
248:N248
223:N248
125:and
105:The
99:1931
91:1913
718:DQ
530:at
445:RAF
421:'s
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