1487:
1164:
material is appropriate for reintroduction (which is up for debate), plants must be semi-aseptic to keep the habitat pristine and sustainable in the long term. Another challenge is maintaining all of the introduced plant material and determining an optimal site to plant them in. A single hurricane or storm event can change the dynamics of a field. Even within a single bog, some areas may be waterlogged, while other areas may become very dry, so identifying the right location is critical. Short term results on private property indicate planting larger specimens into the field have a higher chance of long-term survival compared to planting smaller seedlings.
1306:
1332:
1099:
1358:
1513:
204:
1435:
1545:
193:
1668:
3000:
621:
960:
54:
3146:
1689:
1461:
681:
522:
1409:
1642:
1571:
1383:
3211:
1173:
176:
33:
474:. This zone is composed mainly of the peristome, which produces copious amounts of nectar, luring insect prey to land or crawl onto the perilous footing surrounding the pitcher trap. This zone also includes the waxy upper portion of the pitcher tube. Footing on this zone is especially treacherous, as the waxy deposits on surface of this zone cause unwary insects to lose their footing and tumble into the pitcher depths.
2612:
2600:
438:. In most species the operculum covers at least part of the pitcher has an opening, preventing rain from excessively filling the pitcher, which would result in the loss of prey and dilute the digestive fluid. The operculum also serves to guide prey to the pitcher opening, using a combination of color, scent, and downward-pointing hairs to lead insects toward the trap entrance. Some species, specifically
767:
3236:
of rhizomes which have no pitchers: when re-potted, the section usually generates a new crown of pitchers. A further technique is employed to encourage new crowns to appear which does not involve division of the rhizome: small notches up to 5 mm deep are cut into the top of the rhizome, whereupon a new crown frequently develops at the site of the notch.
1163:
One of the biggest challenges of reintroducing plants back into the wild is the unintended introduction of unwanted species, such as pests, diseases, and invasive weeds. Often, it is human destruction of areas in which the
Sarracenia thrive that is a major killer. Aside from determining what genetic
3235:
are commonly propagated by division. Their rhizomes extend and produce new crowns of pitchers over the course of a few growing seasons, and cultivators divide and separate the rhizomes during the plant's winter dormancy or early in the growing season. This technique is also used to separate sections
2634:
hybrids are able to hybridize further, giving the possibility of hundreds of different hybrids that have multiple species in varying amounts in their ancestry. Since many species ranges overlap, natural hybrids are relatively common. As a result, initial classification included many of these hybrids
955:
not only through depletion of healthy population, but also because of the damaging effects (soil compaction and altered moisture levels) of repeated foot and vehicular traffic that comes with harvesting. The Fish and
Wildlife Service estimates that approximately 1.6 million pitchers were cut for the
720:
seed requires a stratification period to germinate in large numbers. Plants grown from seed start producing functioning traps almost immediately, although they differ in morphology from adult traps for the first year or so, being simpler in structure. Plants require 3β5 years to reach maturity from
676:
must force their way past one of the stigmas to enter the chamber formed by the style. Inside, they will inevitably come in contact with a lot of pollen, both from the hanging anthers and from the pollen collected by the style. Upon exiting, the bees must force their way under one of the flap-like
3227:
seedlings all look alike for the first two or three years; the plants reach maturity after four or five years. Regular fertilization (twice a month between April and
September) with a balanced fertilizer at the rate of 1 teaspoon per gallon (using a 15-16-17 peat-lite or similar fertilizer) will
1143:
bank by overseeing the maintenance of genetic strains from all remaining wild populations in cultivation, with the eventual aim of being able to supply these strains for re-introduction in suitable habitats. A similar but centralized collection exists in the UK, with 2000+ clones representing all
3222:
The copious seeds store well if kept dry. In climates or seasons that cannot provide the cold, damp period of stratification required by the seeds for germination, growers mimic this condition by placing the seeds in a refrigerator for 2β6 weeks, depending on species. The seeds are sown on the
546:
Most species use a combination of scent, waxy deposits (to clog insect feet) and gravity to topple insect prey into their pitcher. Once inside, the insect finds the footing very slippery with a waxy surface covering the walls of the pitcher. Further down the tube, downward-pointing hairs make
716:
depending on species and pollination success. Seed takes five months to mature, at which point the seed pod turns brown and splits open, scattering seed. The seeds are 1.5β2 mm in length and have a rough, waxy coat which makes it hydrophobic, possibly for seed dispersal by flowing water.
715:
Flowers generally last about two weeks. At the end of the flowering period, the petals drop and the ovary, if pollinated, begins to swell. The seed forms in five lobes, with one lobe producing significantly smaller numbers of seeds than the other lobes. On average, 300β600 seed are produced,
542:
trap insects and other prey without the use of moving parts. Their traps are static and are based on a combination of lures (including color, scent, and nectar) and inescapability β typically the entrances to the traps are one-way by virtue of the highly adapted features listed above.
422:
The inside of the pitcher tube, depending on the species, can be divided into three to five distinguishable zones: zone 1 is the operculum (or hood), zone 2 is the peristome and rest of the trap entrance, while zones 3 and 4 (which in some species are combined) and 5 (only present in
864:
habitats in the southeastern
Coastal Plain consist primarily of fire-maintained pine savannas, wet prairies, or seepage bogs. Without frequent fire (1β3 years), these habitats undergo ecological succession and are quickly invaded by woody shrubs and trees, which eliminate
547:
retreat impossible, and in the lowest region of the tube, a pool of liquid containing digestive enzymes and wetting agents quickly drowns the prey and begins digestion. The exoskeletons are usually not digested, and over the course of the summer fill up the pitcher tube.
3066:
expeditions to what is now Quebec between 1534 and 1541. The fragile flowerless specimen that made its way to
Clusius 60 years later was enough to excite his interest, but not enough for him to place it among related plants; his closest guess was the wholly unrelated
2643:
are still commonly referred to by their obsolete species names, particularly in horticulture. These hybrids are all popularly cultivated by carnivorous plant enthusiasts, and there are consequently a huge number of hybrids and cultivars, most bred for showy pitchers.
1139:(NASC), which aims to "serve as a living record of the taxonomic, morphological and genetic diversity of the genus Sarracenia for purposes of conservation and cultivation." The NASC is a grassroots Nebraska nonprofit organization working to build a genetic
859:
by moving water or made unavailable to the plant roots by the low pH. The plants gain their advantage from their ability to extract nutrients from insect prey in this mineral-poor environment. The plants prefer strong, direct sunlight with no shade.
3228:
speed their growth and time to maturity. It is advisable to leach regularly with pure water to prevent the buildup of solutes (fertilizer salts) in the soil. Deep water in a potted plant keeps the soil too waterlogged for proper root functioning.
729:
Pitcher production begins at the end of the flowering period in spring, and lasts until late autumn. At the end of autumn, the pitchers begin to wither and the plants produce non-carnivorous leaves called phyllodia, which play a role in the
480:: Located below Zone 2, this zone features a leaf surface with non-existent footing, as well as a coating of ultra-fine, downward pointing hairs. Insects that have made it this far lose any chance of escape. It is also studded with digestive
554:
normally contains significant amounts of rainwater in its tubular pitchers. It is a myth that all species contain water. In fact, the hoods of the other species help to keep out rain water in addition to keeping flying prey from escaping.
3062:. The exact origins of this specimen remains unknown, as few explorers are known to have collected plant specimens from the range of this subspecies before that time. Cheek and Young suggest that the most likely source is
3112:
noted in his book about his travels in the southeast U.S. that numerous insects were caught in the pitchers of these plants, but doubted that any benefit could be derived from them. It was not until 1887 that research by
1094:
sites, and were distributed to members in an attempt to increase availability of this plant in cultivation, with the hopes of thereby decreasing the poaching that was endangering the survival of this taxon in the wild.
384:
on the lip of the pitcher leaves, as well as a combination of the leaves' color and scent. Slippery footing at the pitcher's rim causes insects to fall inside, where they die and are digested by the plant with
411:, with many tubular pitcher-shaped leaves radiating out from the growing point, and then turning upwards with their trap openings facing the center of the crown. The trap is a vertical tube with a 'hood' (the
458:"windows" which confuse prey into attempting to fly through the operculum, thereby causing them to cascade down the pitcher tube. (A similar, better-developed mechanism is found in the closely related
632:
Flowers are produced early in spring, with or slightly ahead of the first pitchers. They are held singly on long stems, generally well above the pitcher traps to avoid the trapping of potential
3117:
proved the carnivorous nature of this genus. This finding was supported by a study by J.S. Hepburn, E.Q. St. John and F.M. Jones in 1920. Extended field surveys and laboratory studies by
677:
petals. This keeps them away from the stigma, avoiding self-pollination. The next flower visited receives on its stigmata some of the first flower's pollen, and the cycle continues.
498:
in the pitcher fluid. Along with more digestive glands, this zone features a thick coating of coarse downward pointing hairs, which makes escape from the digestive fluids impossible.
571:
and small fish during floods) but not allow it to find its way out; and sharp inward-pointing hairs force the victim gradually down to the base of the pitcher where it is digested.
494:: This is the final zone in most species. It is filled with digestive fluids, and readily absorbs nutrients released from the insects by the work of the digestive enzymes and
636:. The flowers, which depending on species are 3β10 centimeters in diameter, are dramatic and have an elaborate design which prevents self-pollination. It consists of five
3711:
Robbins, C. S. 1998. Examination of the U.S. Pitcher-plant Trade With a Focus on the White-topped
Pitcher-plant. Traffic Bulletin. Excerpts, Vol. 17, No. 2 (June 1998)
995:. However, most of the remaining wetlands in the southeastern U.S. are privately owned. Plants on this land are not protected by state legislation. The key states of
3134:
876:
into suitable habitats outside of its natural range, where it has naturalized. Some of these populations are decades old; the oldest known occurrence in the Swiss
3114:
3160:
are considered easy to grow and are widely propagated and cultivated by gardeners and carnivorous plant enthusiasts. Several hybrids between the very hardy
3203:
pollen remains potent for several weeks when refrigerated, and so is stored by cultivators and used to pollinate later-flowering species. Given that all
3188:
prefer sunny conditions during their growing season but require a dormancy period, with decreased light and temperatures, of a few months in the winter.
3130:
3126:
3207:
hybrids are fertile and will hybridize further, this characteristic allows cultivators to produce a limitless number of variants through hybridization.
1586:
can be described as having six subspecies, though it is sometimes argued that the subspecies should be elevated to species rank in recognition of the
608:
could paralyze ants, it has not been demonstrated that coniine has narcotic effects on insects at the concentrations naturally present in pitchers of
3921:
3122:
3176:
require constantly moist-wet, nutrient free acidic soil. This is most often achieved with a potting mix consisting of peat moss mixed with sand or
3411:
Mody, N. V.; Henson, R.; Hedin, P. A.; Kokpol, U.; Miles, D. H. (1976). "Isolation of the insect paralyzing agent coniine from
Sarracenia flava".
4951:
427:) are further divisions of the actual tube. Each of these zones has a specific function, with corresponding morphophysiological characteristics.
4335:
3768:
3047:
to show up in botanical literature was published by
Carolus Clusius, who received a partial dried specimen of what was later determined to be
4990:
3947:
Hepburn, J.S.; Jones, F.M.; St; John, E.Q. (1920). "The absorption of nutrients and allied phenomena in the pitchers of the
Sarraceniaceae".
5108:
4399:
1414:
west of the
Apalachicola River on the Florida Panhandle. It is also found in Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, and North Carolina
1071:
Appendix I, giving them international protection by making export of wild-collected plants illegal. The other species, while appearing on
612:. Other authors hypothesize that coniine may function as an attractant for insects, or may function both as an attractant and a narcotic.
1576:
southern Mississippi, through southern Alabama, the Florida panhandle and Georgia, to the coastal plains of Virginia and South Carolina.
5026:
1337:
eastern Louisiana across southern Mississippi and into western Alabama and a western range from eastern Texas into western Louisiana.
3674:
4899:
3702:
in the Southeastern States of America: Proceedings of a Meeting Held at the Atlanta Botanical Garden, September 22β23, 1993, 17pp.
4964:
4912:
4732:
4363:
1079:
3336:
1121:
4752:
4742:
3331:
1136:
4969:
3457:
Hotti, Hannu; Gopalacharyulu, Peddinti; SeppΓ€nen-Laakso, Tuulikki; Rischer, Heiko (21 February 2017). Gupta, Vijai (ed.).
4200:
3121:
in the 1930s greatly increased the knowledge of this genus, which has further been extended by the more recent works of
731:
4310:
4296:
3931:
3720:
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1991. U.S. CITES Permits and Export Figures for Sarracenia 1990β1991. Washington, DC.
842:, herb bogs, and seasonally wet grasslands. These habitats tend to be acidic (low pH) with soil made up of sand and
734:
in these species. Since the supply of insects during winter is decreased, and the onset of cold weather slows plant
4392:
4230:
3769:
An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II
509:
4995:
4938:
3389:
This combination had been published previously, but was only validated in McPherson and Schnell's 2011 monograph.
1518:
1149:
344:
5044:
3582:
1761:
1627:
419:) which secretes nectar and scents. The hood itself frequently produces nectar too, but in lesser quantities.
4977:
4170:
3553:
1486:
4368:
3199:
do not self-pollinate and therefore require hand pollination or access to natural pollinators such as bees.
4342:
4265:
3880:
3533:
738:
and other processes, putting energy into producing carnivorous leaves would be uneconomical for the plant.
5113:
4821:
4737:
4385:
4118:
4000:
3245:
3087:
4878:
4040:
4014:
3975:
5039:
4747:
3180:. As their roots are sensitive to nutrients and minerals, only pure water, such as distilled, rain, or
53:
4917:
4092:
5005:
4687:
4066:
3996:
1363:
southern Alabama, through Florida and Georgia, southern Virginia, North Carolina and South Carolina.
5118:
4473:
4347:
1305:
1195:
927:
habitat has already been destroyed in the southeastern U.S., the home of all but one subspecies of
460:
2787:
1098:
5031:
1587:
1118:
4144:
2630:
species hybridize and produce fertile offspring freely, making proper classification difficult.
780:
in the New Jersey Pine Barrens. These habitats are constantly wet, acidic, and low in nutrients.
4873:
4774:
4666:
4412:
3166:
1996:
1394:
1331:
1292:
1008:
4956:
1003:
have no such legislation at all, so that even plants on public land have no protection. Three
415:) extending over its entrance; and below it the top of the tube usually has a rolled lip (the
4599:
4459:
4330:
3249:
3118:
2587:"Incompletely diagnosed taxon from Georgia and South Carolina" has since been established as
2175:
1682:
1630:
and Donald Schnell carried out a comprehensive taxonomic revision of the genus in their 2011
1472:
1253:
829:
558:
446:
5018:
4847:
4812:
3470:
3022:
2999:
2132:
1694:
1446:
1060:
1051:
988:
980:
323:
4891:
4377:
4356:
3666:
1357:
656:
dangle. The whole flower is held upside-down, so that the umbrella-like style catches the
203:
8:
5103:
4708:
3731:
2260:
1498:
1178:
1153:
1106:
856:
361:
3474:
3223:
surface of their substrate and germinate when transferred to warmer, bright conditions.
2639:
species revealed about 100 unique hybrids and cultivars in cultivation. Many hybrids of
5075:
4886:
4445:
3899:
3647:
3605:
3501:
3458:
3436:
1522:
1369:
527:
412:
48:
3960:
1434:
5013:
4834:
4408:
4306:
4292:
3927:
3903:
3506:
3488:
3428:
3096:
3030:
3008:
2573:
1619:. Others have argued that only some of these demand recognition at the species rank.
1544:
1152:
scheme. While none of these efforts curb the biggest threats β urban development and
932:
920:
747:
450:, have opercula that hang low over the pitcher entrance. These are also studded with
381:
340:
3983:
3459:"Metabolite profiling of the carnivorous pitcher plants Darlingtonia and Sarracenia"
3440:
3082:, the Father of Canadian Botany who in the late 17th century sent live specimens of
1667:
1124:
was created to preserve and restore pitcher plant bogs and associated ecosystems in
5080:
4638:
4555:
3956:
3889:
3853:
3639:
3597:
3496:
3478:
3420:
3370:
3366:
3035:
2455:
2437:
2337:
2278:
2193:
2150:
2086:
2068:
2014:
1855:
1837:
1794:
1722:
1704:
1672:
1647:
1556:
1531:
1512:
1420:
1343:
1317:
1249:
1206:
1013:
901:
596:
587:
440:
263:
222:
192:
4839:
4826:
967:. Scenes such as this used to be common in the coastal plains of the southeast US.
784:
Seven of the eight species are confined to the south-eastern coastal plain of the
512:, lacks glands, and does not serve as an absorptive zone. Its function is unknown.
3483:
3181:
3109:
3079:
3063:
1256:
problem in demarcation. Some authorities split the described subspecific taxa of
1144:
species (many with location data) and numerous hybrids currently being housed by
801:
404:
355:
area and southeastern Canada, with most species occurring only in the south-east
91:
5067:
4982:
1078:
Some efforts have been made to curb the existing threats to plants. In 2003 the
668:
are located at the tips of the umbrella-like style. The primary pollinators are
4606:
4526:
4452:
3838:
3374:
2635:
as separate species. A recent census of the number of hybrids and cultivars of
1230:
1190:
1064:
1046:
1042:
984:
959:
877:
691:
649:
318:
137:
78:
5097:
4797:
4757:
4503:
4480:
4437:
4323:
3788:
3492:
3432:
3362:
3091:
1607:
1222:
785:
620:
356:
310:
154:
3145:
1241:
1160:
while at the same time making these plants available to future generations.
5057:
4592:
4518:
4511:
4495:
3510:
1688:
1645:
A "pitcher plant meadow" in the Florida panhandle, with mixed varieties of
1460:
1440:
northern Florida and in Georgia up to the southern part of North Carolina.
1214:
680:
564:
199:
trap insects using pitchers with nectar and slippery footing around the lip
3894:
3875:
3857:
3021:
were known to Europeans as early as the 16th century, within a century of
1408:
521:
4925:
4806:
4659:
4613:
4540:
3456:
1218:
1210:
1201:
1000:
972:
944:
881:
804:
and require a distinct summer and winter. A few subspecies or varieties (
633:
455:
451:
352:
329:
3698:
Groves, M., ed. 1993. Horticulture, Trade and Conservation of the Genus
4904:
4694:
4631:
4570:
4466:
4429:
3651:
3630:
Hecht, Adolph (January 1949). "The Somatic Chromosomes of Sarracenia".
3609:
3424:
1245:
905:
735:
401:
3108:. The first successful flowering in culture occurred in 1773. In 1793
1641:
1570:
1466:
northern Alabama, North Carolina, Georgia, andβhistoricallyβTennessee
4930:
4860:
4715:
4563:
4547:
3795:
3341:
3210:
3026:
1631:
1382:
1172:
948:
940:
416:
366:
4943:
4768:
3643:
3601:
919:
are threatened in the wild by development and the drainage of their
5052:
4791:
4701:
4680:
4673:
4652:
4577:
4533:
3170:
are becoming common in garden centers in North America and Europe.
3068:
3057:
1525:, Canada (except Nunavut and Yukon), Washington state, and Alaska.
1226:
1157:
1129:
1125:
936:
844:
772:
645:
583:
495:
386:
175:
127:
117:
104:
4865:
3839:"The long overdue recognition of Sarracenia rubra subsp. viatorum"
1240:
are generally recognized, depending on individual opinions on the
4487:
3177:
1056:
1026:
996:
976:
897:
893:
889:
885:
852:
579:
568:
408:
306:
32:
2611:
872:
In several cases, carnivorous plant enthusiasts have introduced
4645:
3810:
Barthlott, W., S. Porembski, R. Seine, and I. Theisen. (2007).
2599:
851:. Frequently, the soil will be poor in nutrients, particularly
793:
673:
665:
661:
657:
591:
485:
370:
4852:
2567:"Incompletely diagnosed taxon from Georgia and South Carolina"
272:
243:
231:
1135:
In 2004, a number of concerned plant enthusiasts founded the
1090:
plants were grown from seed collected from 3 of the 12 known
1072:
1068:
931:. Currently the biggest threats to surviving populations are
754:=26, though some earlier studies had found that number to be
709:
701:
653:
641:
637:
481:
348:
302:
65:
3153:
seedling, with 1st yr. (small) and 2nd yr. (larger) pitchers
766:
604:. While it was demonstrated that concentrated extracts from
4407:
3988:. Vol. 8. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press
3873:
1110:
848:
377:
365:
occurs in cold-temperate regions). The plant's leaves have
293:
290:
284:
275:
252:
249:
234:
3756:
An integrated system of classification of flowering plants
3361:
Since McPherson & Schnell (2011) did not assign these
1007:
have been listed as "Federally Endangered" under the USA
839:
669:
574:
3806:
3804:
3100:(1753), using it for the two known species at the time:
2057:
R.Hogg & T.Moore) J.Pietropaolo & P.Pietropaolo
3982:. In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.).
3218:
rhizome with a few growing points, capable of division
951:, and plant trade. The latter two threaten survival of
2583:
Note: The entity McPherson and Schnell referred to as
704:
varies, but is often strong and sometimes unpleasant.
3801:
3410:
287:
281:
269:
266:
246:
240:
228:
225:
3974:
Mellichamp, T. Lawrence; Case, Frederick W. (2009).
1264:
is not always recognized as a species distinct from
1148:
expert Mike King. This UK collection is part of the
600:. and has since been detected in 7 other species of
504:: This zone, located below Zone 4 and found only in
2473:(Case & R.B.Case) S.McPherson & D.E.Schnell
1590:that they are a part of. This division would yield
700:The flowers of almost all species are scented. The
278:
237:
4289:Carnivorous Plants of the United States and Canada
3946:
3915:
3913:
3827:. Redfern Natural History Productions Ltd., Poole.
3667:"Sarracenia purpurea "in the wild" in Switzerland"
1492:Louisiana, Alabama, Mississippi, Florida, Georgia
828:) can be found more inland in mountains (e.g. the
3923:The Savage Garden: Cultivating Carnivorous Plants
3469:(2). Public Library of Science (PLoS): e0171078.
1622:
5095:
3723:
1268:. The most commonly recognized species include:
1082:ran a trial distribution program in which young
869:by increasing shade and reducing soil moisture.
369:into a funnel or pitcher shape in order to trap
3910:
2647:Some of the more common named hybrids include:
1252:should be elevated to species status, a common
1225:, however, assigns Sarraceniaceae to the order
1193:, which also contain the closely allied genera
884:, such naturalized populations can be found in
321:, which also contain the closely allied genera
4305:. Poole: Redfern Natural History Productions.
4301:Schnell, Stewart McPherson, Donald E. (2011).
3973:
3748:
3452:
3450:
3043:in 1576. The first description and plate of a
796:. The typical habitat is warm-temperate; all
4393:
3919:
3817:
3729:
3551:
3406:
3404:
1075:Appendix II, have little federal protection.
975:exists. Several southeastern states, such as
708:has an especially strong odor resembling cat
3985:Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA)
3876:"The Limonium Peregrinum of Carolus Clusius"
3869:
3867:
3694:
3692:
3522:
3520:
1176:A flowering specimen of the highly variable
3874:Cheek, Martin & Young, Malcolm (1994).
3783:
3781:
3526:
3447:
1236:Typically anywhere from 8 to 11 species of
567:style trap that will admit prey (including
4400:
4386:
3705:
3583:"Chromosome Numbers of Carnivorous Plants"
3401:
1311:Alabama, eastern Mississippi and Florida.
947:, fire suppression, cut pitcher trade for
174:
31:
4258:
4256:
3893:
3864:
3689:
3517:
3500:
3482:
880:is around one hundred years old. Besides
3778:
3773:Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society
3209:
3144:
3094:adopted this name when he published his
2998:
2610:
2598:
1687:
1666:
1640:
1229:and the other two families to the order
1171:
1097:
958:
765:
679:
619:
520:
516:
202:
191:
4733:International Carnivorous Plant Society
4364:International Carnivorous Plant Society
3812:The Curious World of Carnivorous Plants
3090:, who thereupon described the species.
1080:International Carnivorous Plant Society
911:
5096:
4253:
3758:. New York: Columbia University Press.
3527:Cumbee, Joe (1995). "Sarracenia flava
3337:Meadowview Biological Research Station
1638:. They recognized the following taxa:
1122:Meadowview Biological Research Station
575:Potential narcotic function of coniine
4773:
4772:
4753:List of carnivorous plant periodicals
4743:North American Sarracenia Conservancy
4381:
3823:McPherson, S. & D. Schnell 2011.
3761:
3677:from the original on 23 November 2015
3664:
3632:Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club
3629:
3590:Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club
3580:
3332:North American Sarracenia Conservancy
1137:North American Sarracenia Conservancy
792:, continues north and west well into
652:, over which five long yellow or red
345:eastern seaboard of the United States
5006:887907d4-0a31-410b-a735-17a77454bab2
4262:
3836:
3767:Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. (2003).
2994:
923:. Estimates indicated that 97.5% of
761:
615:
5109:Carnivorous plants of North America
3967:
3545:
1388:North Carolina and South Carolina.
1209:, this family was put in the order
746:The genus has been found to have a
13:
5045:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30020496-2
4351:Growing Guide and Distribution Map
4281:
3383:
3369:, they are to be placed under the
3355:
3184:water, can be used to water them.
317:. The genus belongs to the family
14:
5130:
4317:
3949:Journal of the Franklin Institute
2560:(Case & R.B.Case) D.E.Schnell
3239:
1569:
1543:
1511:
1485:
1459:
1433:
1407:
1381:
1356:
1330:
1304:
1260:into 3 to 5 species. Similarly,
1156:β they aim to help reduce plant
262:
221:
52:
4303:Sarraceniaceae of North America
4263:Rice, B (2012). "Book review".
4223:
4193:
4163:
4137:
4111:
4085:
4059:
4033:
4007:
3940:
3830:
3825:Sarraceniaceae of North America
3714:
3419:(7). Springer Nature: 829β830.
3055:, publishing it under the name
2574:Undescribed, but see note below
2428:D.E.Schnell & R.O.Determann
1636:Sarraceniaceae of North America
1150:NCCPG National Plant Collection
724:
3658:
3623:
3574:
3384:
3356:
3191:
3140:
1623:McPherson & Schnell (2011)
407:that grow from a subterranean
392:
376:The plant attracts its insect
1:
3961:10.1016/s0016-0032(20)91579-x
3581:Kondo, Katsuhiko (May 1969).
3394:
2543:S.McPherson & D.E.Schnell
2507:S.McPherson & D.E.Schnell
2363:S.McPherson & D.E.Schnell
2251:S.McPherson & D.E.Schnell
2232:S.McPherson & D.E.Schnell
2215:S.McPherson & D.E.Schnell
2168:S.McPherson & D.E.Schnell
2108:S.McPherson & D.E.Schnell
2061:S.McPherson & D.E.Schnell
2036:S.McPherson & D.E.Schnell
1877:S.McPherson & D.E.Schnell
1830:S.McPherson & D.E.Schnell
1815:S.McPherson & D.E.Schnell
1800:S.McPherson & D.E.Schnell
1779:S.McPherson & D.E.Schnell
1744:S.McPherson & D.E.Schnell
1270:
563:, the parrot pitcher, uses a
4343:Botanical Society of America
4266:Carnivorous Plant Newsletter
3881:Carnivorous Plant Newsletter
3846:Carnivorous Plant Newsletter
3534:Carnivorous Plant Newsletter
3484:10.1371/journal.pone.0171078
3033:included an illustration of
590:, was first detected in the
7:
4738:Insectivorous Plant Society
4001:Harvard University Herbaria
3754:Cronquist, Arthur. (1981).
3325:
3246:Royal Horticultural Society
3244:The following have won the
3088:Joseph Pitton de Tournefort
2407:R.L.Hanrahan & J.Miller
1167:
741:
644:, numerous anthers, and an
472:Peristome and trap entrance
16:Genus of carnivorous plants
10:
5135:
4748:List of carnivorous plants
3734:ICPS Conservation Projects
2594:
1537:Naczi, Case & R.B.Case
1242:biological species concept
956:domestic market in 1991.
935:, drainage of habitat for
892:(Lake District), Germany (
484:, which secrete digestive
4781:
4725:
4623:
4419:
4287:Schnell, Donald E. 2002.
3997:Missouri Botanical Garden
3995:– via eFloras.org,
3814:. Portland: Timber Press.
3373:variety according to the
3086:to the Parisian botanist
1067:. These taxa are also on
855:, and often continuously
488:into the digestive fluid.
182:
173:
166:
161:
49:Scientific classification
47:
39:
30:
23:
4374:by the John Innes Centre
3347:
3041:Stirpium Adversaria Nova
3012:Stirpium Adversaria Nova
3003:First illustration of a
2591:subsp. viatorum B.Rice.
1550:Mississippi to Georgia.
461:Darlingtonia californica
4624:Protocarnivorous genera
4413:protocarnivorous plants
3798:. Accessed: 10-10-2008.
3164:and showy species like
2623:in northwestern Florida
1119:non-profit organization
640:superintended by three
3999:, St. Louis, MO &
3665:Hartmeyer, Siegfried.
3219:
3154:
3135:T. Lawrence Mellichamp
3078:was first employed by
3015:
2624:
2608:
1997:Sarracenia leucophylla
1699:
1685:
1664:
1395:Sarracenia leucophylla
1293:Sarracenia alabamensis
1189:belongs to the family
1182:
1114:
1009:Endangered Species Act
968:
781:
732:economics of carnivory
688:
629:
535:
211:
200:
3895:10.55360/cpn234.mc690
3858:10.55360/cpn474.br104
3787:Rice, Barry. (2008).
3250:Award of Garden Merit
3213:
3148:
3025:' "discovery" of the
3002:
2614:
2602:
2176:Sarracenia psittacina
1691:
1683:Okefenokee Swamp Park
1670:
1644:
1473:Sarracenia psittacina
1324:(Alph.Wood) Alph.Wood
1254:lumping and splitting
1244:and which among many
1175:
1101:
1092:S. alabamanensis
962:
830:Appalachian Mountains
769:
683:
672:. Bees searching for
623:
524:
517:Carnivorous mechanism
382:extrafloral nectaries
380:with secretions from
206:
195:
4339:β the Pitcher Plants
3837:Rice, Barry (2018).
3115:Joseph H. Mellichamp
3023:Christopher Columbus
2133:Sarracenia oreophila
1898:Mast.) Hort. W.Bull
1695:Sarracenia oreophila
1502:Purple pitcher plant
1476:Parrot pitcher plant
1447:Sarracenia oreophila
1424:Hooded pitcher plant
1347:Yellow pitcher plant
912:Environmental status
186:range (all species)
43:species and hybrids
4369:The Inner World of
4353:by Tom's Carnivores
3926:. Ten Speed Press.
3730:Brittnacher, John.
3552:Brittnacher, John.
3475:2017PLoSO..1271078H
3167:S. leucophylla
2261:Sarracenia purpurea
1592:S. alabamensis
1560:Sweet pitcher plant
1499:Sarracenia purpurea
1450:Green pitcher plant
1398:White pitcher plant
1298:Case & R.B.Case
1179:Sarracenia purpurea
1154:habitat destruction
1103:Sarracenia purpurea
1023:S. alabamensis
991:laws which protect
965:S. leucophylla
778:Sarracenia purpurea
648:-like five-pointed
389:and other enzymes.
305:comprising 8 to 11
5114:Rhizomatous plants
4420:Carnivorous genera
4239:'Brooks's Hybrid'"
4209:'Victoria Morley'"
3920:D'Amato P (1988).
3796:Sarracenia.com FAQ
3425:10.1007/bf02003710
3365:to any particular
3220:
3155:
3133:(1970β2000s), and
3051: subsp.
3016:
2625:
2609:
2569:
2557:
2540:
2521:
2504:
2485:
2470:
2451:
2425:
2404:
2381:
2360:
2333:
2314:
2297:
2274:
2248:
2229:
2212:
2189:
2165:
2146:
2122:
2105:
2082:
2050:
2033:
2010:
1982:
1967:
1948:
1929:
1914:
1891:
1874:
1851:
1827:
1812:
1791:
1776:
1758:
1741:
1718:
1700:
1686:
1665:
1523:Great Lakes region
1370:Sarracenia jonesii
1321:Pale pitcher plant
1183:
1115:
1086: subsp.
969:
816: subsp.
808: subsp.
782:
689:
630:
624:Cutaway view of a
560:S. psittacina
536:
528:Dicyrtomina minuta
447:S. psittacina
343:indigenous to the
341:carnivorous plants
313:, commonly called
309:of North American
212:
201:
5091:
5090:
5014:Open Tree of Life
4775:Taxon identifiers
4766:
4765:
4123:'Juthatip Soper'"
3320:'Brooks's Hybrid'
3310:'Victoria Morley'
3131:Frederick W. Case
3127:Donald E. Schnell
3097:Species Plantarum
2995:Botanical history
2577:
2561:
2544:
2525:
2508:
2489:
2474:
2459:
2429:
2408:
2385:
2364:
2341:
2318:
2301:
2282:
2252:
2233:
2216:
2197:
2169:
2154:
2126:
2109:
2090:
2062:
2037:
2018:
1990:
1971:
1956:
1937:
1918:
1903:
1878:
1859:
1831:
1816:
1801:
1780:
1765:
1764:& D.E.Schnell
1745:
1726:
1628:Stewart McPherson
1596:S. gulfensis
1580:
1579:
1052:S. oreophila
933:urban development
762:Range and habitat
748:Chromosome number
616:Flowers and seeds
190:
189:
157:
5126:
5084:
5083:
5071:
5070:
5061:
5060:
5048:
5047:
5035:
5034:
5022:
5021:
5009:
5008:
4999:
4998:
4986:
4985:
4983:NHMSYS0000463223
4973:
4972:
4960:
4959:
4947:
4946:
4934:
4933:
4921:
4920:
4908:
4907:
4895:
4894:
4882:
4881:
4869:
4868:
4856:
4855:
4843:
4842:
4830:
4829:
4817:
4816:
4815:
4802:
4801:
4800:
4770:
4769:
4556:Palaeoaldrovanda
4402:
4395:
4388:
4379:
4378:
4275:
4274:
4260:
4251:
4250:
4248:
4246:
4227:
4221:
4220:
4218:
4216:
4197:
4191:
4190:
4188:
4186:
4167:
4161:
4160:
4158:
4156:
4141:
4135:
4134:
4132:
4130:
4115:
4109:
4108:
4106:
4104:
4089:
4083:
4082:
4080:
4078:
4063:
4057:
4056:
4054:
4052:
4045:'Colin Clayton'"
4037:
4031:
4030:
4028:
4026:
4019:'Anna Carlisle'"
4011:
4005:
4004:
4003:, Cambridge, MA.
3994:
3993:
3971:
3965:
3964:
3944:
3938:
3937:
3917:
3908:
3907:
3897:
3871:
3862:
3861:
3843:
3834:
3828:
3821:
3815:
3808:
3799:
3785:
3776:
3765:
3759:
3752:
3746:
3745:
3743:
3742:
3727:
3721:
3718:
3712:
3709:
3703:
3696:
3687:
3686:
3684:
3682:
3662:
3656:
3655:
3627:
3621:
3620:
3618:
3616:
3587:
3578:
3572:
3571:
3569:
3568:
3549:
3543:
3542:
3524:
3515:
3514:
3504:
3486:
3454:
3445:
3444:
3408:
3388:
3360:
3284:'Juthatip Soper'
3162:S. purpurea
3102:S. purpurea
3084:S. purpurea
3060: peregrinum
3049:S. purpurea
2617:Sarracenia flava
2589:Sarracenia rubra
2571:
2570:
2559:
2558:
2542:
2541:
2523:
2522:
2506:
2505:
2487:
2486:
2472:
2471:
2453:
2452:
2438:Sarracenia rubra
2427:
2426:
2406:
2405:
2383:
2382:
2362:
2361:
2335:
2334:
2316:
2315:
2299:
2298:
2276:
2275:
2250:
2249:
2231:
2230:
2214:
2213:
2191:
2190:
2167:
2166:
2148:
2147:
2124:
2123:
2107:
2106:
2084:
2083:
2069:Sarracenia minor
2053:(Hort. T.Baines
2052:
2051:
2035:
2034:
2012:
2011:
1984:
1983:
1969:
1968:
1950:
1949:
1931:
1930:
1916:
1915:
1893:
1892:
1876:
1875:
1853:
1852:
1838:Sarracenia flava
1829:
1828:
1814:
1813:
1793:
1792:
1778:
1777:
1760:
1759:
1743:
1742:
1720:
1719:
1705:Sarracenia alata
1674:Sarracenia minor
1648:Sarracenia flava
1573:
1557:Sarracenia rubra
1547:
1532:Sarracenia rosea
1519:Eastern seaboard
1515:
1489:
1463:
1453:(Kearney) Wherry
1437:
1421:Sarracenia minor
1411:
1385:
1360:
1344:Sarracenia flava
1334:
1318:Sarracenia alata
1308:
1271:
1266:S. purpurea
1207:Cronquist system
1107:Brown's Lake Bog
971:Some protective
902:Mendocino County
874:S. purpurea
838:tend to inhabit
824: var.
822:S. purpurea
790:S. purpurea
788:. One species,
685:Sarracenia alata
586:also present in
552:S. purpurea
531:) caught inside
506:S. purpurea
425:S. purpurea
405:perennial plants
362:S. purpurea
315:trumpet pitchers
300:
299:
296:
295:
292:
289:
286:
283:
280:
277:
274:
271:
268:
259:
258:
255:
254:
251:
248:
245:
242:
239:
236:
233:
230:
227:
178:
153:
57:
56:
35:
21:
20:
5134:
5133:
5129:
5128:
5127:
5125:
5124:
5123:
5119:Ericales genera
5094:
5093:
5092:
5087:
5079:
5074:
5066:
5064:
5056:
5051:
5043:
5038:
5030:
5025:
5017:
5012:
5004:
5002:
4994:
4989:
4981:
4976:
4968:
4963:
4955:
4950:
4942:
4937:
4929:
4924:
4916:
4911:
4903:
4898:
4890:
4885:
4877:
4872:
4864:
4859:
4851:
4846:
4838:
4833:
4825:
4820:
4811:
4810:
4805:
4796:
4795:
4790:
4777:
4767:
4762:
4721:
4619:
4421:
4415:
4406:
4320:
4284:
4282:Further reading
4279:
4278:
4261:
4254:
4244:
4242:
4229:
4228:
4224:
4214:
4212:
4199:
4198:
4194:
4184:
4182:
4169:
4168:
4164:
4154:
4152:
4143:
4142:
4138:
4128:
4126:
4117:
4116:
4112:
4102:
4100:
4091:
4090:
4086:
4076:
4074:
4065:
4064:
4060:
4050:
4048:
4039:
4038:
4034:
4024:
4022:
4013:
4012:
4008:
3991:
3989:
3972:
3968:
3945:
3941:
3934:
3918:
3911:
3872:
3865:
3841:
3835:
3831:
3822:
3818:
3809:
3802:
3786:
3779:
3775:, 141: 399β436.
3766:
3762:
3753:
3749:
3740:
3738:
3728:
3724:
3719:
3715:
3710:
3706:
3697:
3690:
3680:
3678:
3663:
3659:
3644:10.2307/2481882
3628:
3624:
3614:
3612:
3602:10.2307/2483737
3585:
3579:
3575:
3566:
3564:
3550:
3546:
3525:
3518:
3455:
3448:
3409:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3350:
3328:
3323:
3266:'Colin Clayton'
3260:'Anna Carlisle'
3242:
3194:
3182:reverse osmosis
3143:
3137:(1980s-2000s).
3123:C. Ritchie Bell
3110:William Bartram
3080:Michel Sarrazin
2997:
2597:
2568:
2556:
2539:
2524:(Wherry) Wherry
2520:
2503:
2484:
2469:
2450:
2424:
2403:
2380:
2359:
2332:
2313:
2296:
2273:
2247:
2228:
2211:
2188:
2164:
2145:
2121:
2104:
2081:
2049:
2032:
2009:
1981:
1966:
1947:
1928:
1913:
1890:
1873:
1850:
1826:
1824:rubrioperculata
1811:
1790:
1775:
1757:
1740:
1717:
1625:
1617:S. wherryi
1600:S. jonesii
1588:species complex
1170:
1039:S. jonesii
914:
764:
744:
727:
660:dropped by the
618:
577:
519:
454:-free patches,
395:
265:
261:
224:
220:
207:The anatomy of
152:
51:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5132:
5122:
5121:
5116:
5111:
5106:
5089:
5088:
5086:
5085:
5081:wfo-4000034125
5072:
5062:
5049:
5036:
5023:
5010:
5000:
4987:
4974:
4961:
4948:
4935:
4922:
4909:
4896:
4883:
4870:
4857:
4844:
4831:
4818:
4803:
4787:
4785:
4779:
4778:
4764:
4763:
4761:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4729:
4727:
4723:
4722:
4720:
4719:
4712:
4705:
4698:
4691:
4684:
4677:
4670:
4663:
4656:
4649:
4642:
4635:
4627:
4625:
4621:
4620:
4618:
4617:
4610:
4607:Triphyophyllum
4603:
4596:
4588:
4581:
4574:
4567:
4560:
4551:
4544:
4537:
4530:
4527:Fischeripollis
4522:
4515:
4507:
4499:
4491:
4484:
4477:
4470:
4463:
4456:
4449:
4442:
4433:
4425:
4423:
4417:
4416:
4405:
4404:
4397:
4390:
4382:
4376:
4375:
4366:
4354:
4345:
4333:
4319:
4318:External links
4316:
4315:
4314:
4299:
4283:
4280:
4277:
4276:
4252:
4222:
4192:
4162:
4136:
4110:
4097:'Jenny Helen'"
4084:
4058:
4032:
4006:
3966:
3955:(2): 147β184.
3939:
3932:
3909:
3863:
3852:(4): 152β159.
3829:
3816:
3800:
3777:
3760:
3747:
3722:
3713:
3704:
3688:
3657:
3622:
3596:(3): 322β328.
3573:
3544:
3516:
3446:
3399:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3390:
3379:
3378:
3375:botanical code
3351:
3349:
3346:
3345:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3321:
3311:
3301:
3291:
3285:
3279:
3273:
3267:
3261:
3254:
3241:
3238:
3193:
3190:
3142:
3139:
2996:
2993:
2992:
2991:
2974:
2957:
2940:
2923:
2917:S. leucophylla
2906:
2900:S. leucophylla
2889:
2883:S. leucophylla
2872:
2866:S. leucophylla
2855:
2849:S. leucophylla
2838:
2821:
2804:
2785:
2768:
2751:
2749:S. leucophylla
2734:
2717:
2700:
2683:
2681:S. leucophylla
2666:
2596:
2593:
2581:
2580:
2579:
2578:
2562:
2547:
2546:
2545:
2511:
2510:
2509:
2475:
2460:
2434:
2433:
2432:
2431:
2430:
2411:
2410:
2409:
2367:
2366:
2365:
2304:
2303:
2302:
2257:
2256:
2255:
2254:
2253:
2241:okefenokeensis
2226:okefenokeensis
2219:
2218:
2217:
2172:
2171:
2170:
2155:
2129:
2128:
2127:
2119:okefenokeensis
2112:
2111:
2110:
2065:
2064:
2063:
2043:S. leucophylla
2040:
2039:
2038:
2022:S. leucophylla
2003:S. leucophylla
1993:
1992:
1991:
1972:
1957:
1938:
1919:
1904:
1894:(Hort. W.Bull
1881:
1880:
1879:
1834:
1833:
1832:
1817:
1802:
1781:
1766:
1748:
1747:
1746:
1678:okefenokeensis
1624:
1621:
1578:
1577:
1574:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1552:
1551:
1548:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1527:
1526:
1516:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1494:
1493:
1490:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1468:
1467:
1464:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1442:
1441:
1438:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1416:
1415:
1412:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1390:
1389:
1386:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1365:
1364:
1361:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1339:
1338:
1335:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1313:
1312:
1309:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1288:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1231:Caryophyllales
1191:Sarraceniaceae
1169:
1166:
1065:North Carolina
1047:South Carolina
985:South Carolina
913:
910:
878:Jura mountains
776:peat bog with
763:
760:
743:
740:
726:
723:
692:Floral formula
617:
614:
588:poison hemlock
576:
573:
518:
515:
514:
513:
499:
489:
475:
465:
394:
391:
339:is a genus of
319:Sarraceniaceae
311:pitcher plants
188:
187:
180:
179:
171:
170:
164:
163:
159:
158:
145:
141:
140:
138:Sarraceniaceae
135:
131:
130:
125:
121:
120:
115:
108:
107:
102:
95:
94:
89:
82:
81:
76:
69:
68:
63:
59:
58:
45:
44:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5131:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5101:
5099:
5082:
5077:
5073:
5069:
5063:
5059:
5054:
5050:
5046:
5041:
5037:
5033:
5028:
5024:
5020:
5015:
5011:
5007:
5001:
4997:
4992:
4988:
4984:
4979:
4975:
4971:
4966:
4962:
4958:
4953:
4949:
4945:
4940:
4936:
4932:
4927:
4923:
4919:
4914:
4910:
4906:
4901:
4897:
4893:
4888:
4884:
4880:
4875:
4871:
4867:
4862:
4858:
4854:
4849:
4845:
4841:
4836:
4832:
4828:
4823:
4819:
4814:
4808:
4804:
4799:
4793:
4789:
4788:
4786:
4784:
4780:
4776:
4771:
4759:
4758:Pitcher plant
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4730:
4728:
4724:
4718:
4717:
4713:
4711:
4710:
4706:
4704:
4703:
4699:
4697:
4696:
4692:
4690:
4689:
4685:
4683:
4682:
4678:
4676:
4675:
4671:
4669:
4668:
4664:
4662:
4661:
4657:
4655:
4654:
4650:
4648:
4647:
4643:
4641:
4640:
4636:
4634:
4633:
4629:
4628:
4626:
4622:
4616:
4615:
4611:
4609:
4608:
4604:
4602:
4601:
4597:
4595:
4594:
4589:
4587:
4586:
4582:
4580:
4579:
4575:
4573:
4572:
4568:
4566:
4565:
4561:
4558:
4557:
4552:
4550:
4549:
4545:
4543:
4542:
4538:
4536:
4535:
4531:
4529:
4528:
4523:
4521:
4520:
4516:
4514:
4513:
4508:
4506:
4505:
4504:Droserapollis
4500:
4498:
4497:
4492:
4490:
4489:
4485:
4483:
4482:
4478:
4476:
4475:
4471:
4469:
4468:
4464:
4462:
4461:
4457:
4455:
4454:
4450:
4448:
4447:
4443:
4440:
4439:
4438:Archaeamphora
4434:
4432:
4431:
4427:
4426:
4424:
4418:
4414:
4410:
4403:
4398:
4396:
4391:
4389:
4384:
4383:
4380:
4373:
4372:
4367:
4365:
4361:
4360:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4346:
4344:
4340:
4338:
4334:
4332:
4328:
4326:
4322:
4321:
4312:
4311:0-9558918-6-8
4308:
4304:
4300:
4298:
4297:0-88192-540-3
4294:
4290:
4286:
4285:
4272:
4268:
4267:
4259:
4257:
4240:
4238:
4234:
4226:
4210:
4208:
4204:
4196:
4180:
4178:
4174:
4166:
4150:
4148:
4140:
4124:
4122:
4114:
4098:
4096:
4088:
4072:
4071:'Dixie Lace'"
4070:
4062:
4046:
4044:
4036:
4020:
4018:
4010:
4002:
3998:
3987:
3986:
3981:
3979:
3970:
3962:
3958:
3954:
3950:
3943:
3935:
3933:0-89815-915-6
3929:
3925:
3924:
3916:
3914:
3905:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3887:
3883:
3882:
3877:
3870:
3868:
3859:
3855:
3851:
3847:
3840:
3833:
3826:
3820:
3813:
3807:
3805:
3797:
3793:
3792:species lists
3791:
3784:
3782:
3774:
3770:
3764:
3757:
3751:
3737:
3735:
3726:
3717:
3708:
3701:
3695:
3693:
3676:
3672:
3668:
3661:
3653:
3649:
3645:
3641:
3637:
3633:
3626:
3611:
3607:
3603:
3599:
3595:
3591:
3584:
3577:
3563:
3561:
3557:
3548:
3540:
3536:
3535:
3530:
3523:
3521:
3512:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3494:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3476:
3472:
3468:
3464:
3460:
3453:
3451:
3442:
3438:
3434:
3430:
3426:
3422:
3418:
3414:
3407:
3405:
3400:
3387:
3386:
3381:
3380:
3376:
3372:
3368:
3364:
3359:
3358:
3353:
3352:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3319:
3315:
3312:
3309:
3305:
3302:
3299:
3295:
3292:
3289:
3286:
3283:
3280:
3278:'Jenny Helen'
3277:
3274:
3271:
3268:
3265:
3262:
3259:
3256:
3255:
3253:
3251:
3247:
3240:AGM cultivars
3237:
3234:
3229:
3226:
3217:
3212:
3208:
3206:
3202:
3198:
3189:
3187:
3183:
3179:
3175:
3171:
3169:
3168:
3163:
3159:
3152:
3149:A 2-year-old
3147:
3138:
3136:
3132:
3129:(1970β2002),
3128:
3124:
3120:
3116:
3111:
3107:
3106:S. flava
3103:
3099:
3098:
3093:
3089:
3085:
3081:
3077:
3072:
3070:
3065:
3061:
3059:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3038:
3037:
3032:
3028:
3024:
3020:
3013:
3010:
3006:
3001:
2990:
2989:S. psittacina
2986:
2982:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2972:S. psittacina
2969:
2965:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2952:
2948:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2921:S. psittacina
2918:
2914:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2867:
2863:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2850:
2846:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2819:S. psittacina
2816:
2812:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2794:
2790:
2786:
2784:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2763:
2759:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2678:
2674:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2661:
2657:
2653:
2650:
2649:
2648:
2645:
2642:
2638:
2633:
2629:
2622:
2618:
2613:
2606:
2601:
2592:
2590:
2586:
2575:
2566:
2563:
2555:
2551:
2548:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2527:
2526:
2519:
2515:
2512:
2502:
2498:
2494:
2491:
2490:
2483:
2479:
2476:
2468:
2464:
2461:
2457:
2449:
2445:
2442:
2441:
2440:
2439:
2435:
2423:
2419:
2415:
2412:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2390:
2387:
2386:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2368:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2343:
2342:
2339:
2331:
2327:
2323:
2320:
2319:
2317:(Raf.) Wherry
2312:
2308:
2305:
2300:(Eaton) Fern.
2295:
2291:
2287:
2284:
2283:
2280:
2272:
2268:
2265:
2264:
2263:
2262:
2258:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2237:S. psittacina
2235:
2234:
2227:
2223:
2222:S. psittacina
2220:
2210:
2206:
2202:
2201:S. psittacina
2199:
2198:
2195:
2187:
2183:
2182:S. psittacina
2180:
2179:
2178:
2177:
2173:
2163:
2159:
2156:
2152:
2144:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2135:
2134:
2130:
2120:
2116:
2113:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2088:
2080:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2071:
2070:
2066:
2060:
2056:
2048:
2044:
2041:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2016:
2008:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1999:
1998:
1994:
1988:
1980:
1976:
1973:
1965:
1961:
1958:
1954:
1946:
1942:
1939:
1935:
1932:Hort. W.Bull
1927:
1923:
1920:
1912:
1908:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1889:
1885:
1882:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1861:
1860:
1857:
1849:
1845:
1842:
1841:
1840:
1839:
1835:
1825:
1821:
1818:
1810:
1806:
1803:
1799:
1796:
1789:
1788:nigropurpurea
1785:
1782:
1774:
1770:
1767:
1763:
1756:
1752:
1749:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1728:
1727:
1724:
1716:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1707:
1706:
1702:
1701:
1697:
1696:
1690:
1684:
1680:
1679:
1675:
1669:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1649:
1643:
1639:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1620:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1609:
1608:sensu stricto
1605:
1604:S. rubra
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1584:S. rubra
1575:
1572:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1559:
1558:
1554:
1553:
1549:
1546:
1542:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1529:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1488:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1474:
1470:
1469:
1465:
1462:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1444:
1443:
1439:
1436:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1418:
1417:
1413:
1410:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1384:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1371:
1367:
1366:
1362:
1359:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1345:
1341:
1340:
1336:
1333:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1314:
1310:
1307:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1294:
1290:
1289:
1286:Distribution
1285:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1263:
1262:S. rosea
1259:
1258:S. rubra
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1223:APG II system
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1203:
1198:
1197:
1192:
1188:
1181:
1180:
1174:
1165:
1161:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1142:
1138:
1133:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1120:
1117:In 1995, the
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1093:
1089:
1088:alabamanensis
1085:
1084:S. rubra
1081:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1053:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1031:S. rubra
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1015:
1014:S. rubra
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
974:
966:
963:A field with
961:
957:
954:
950:
946:
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
909:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
870:
868:
863:
858:
854:
850:
847:
846:
841:
837:
833:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
814:S. rubra
811:
807:
806:S. rubra
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
786:United States
779:
775:
774:
768:
759:
757:
753:
749:
739:
737:
733:
722:
719:
713:
711:
707:
706:S. flava
703:
698:
697:
693:
686:
682:
678:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
627:
622:
613:
611:
607:
606:S. flava
603:
599:
598:
597:S. flava
593:
589:
585:
581:
572:
570:
566:
562:
561:
556:
553:
548:
544:
541:
534:
530:
529:
523:
511:
508:, is smooth,
507:
503:
500:
497:
493:
490:
487:
483:
479:
476:
473:
469:
466:
463:
462:
457:
453:
449:
448:
443:
442:
441:S. minor
437:
433:
430:
429:
428:
426:
420:
418:
414:
410:
406:
403:
399:
390:
388:
383:
379:
374:
372:
368:
364:
363:
358:
357:United States
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
332:
331:
326:
325:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
298:
257:
218:
217:
210:
205:
198:
194:
185:
181:
177:
172:
169:
165:
160:
156:
151:
150:
146:
143:
142:
139:
136:
133:
132:
129:
126:
123:
122:
119:
116:
113:
110:
109:
106:
103:
100:
97:
96:
93:
90:
87:
84:
83:
80:
79:Tracheophytes
77:
74:
71:
70:
67:
64:
61:
60:
55:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
4782:
4714:
4707:
4700:
4693:
4688:Paepalanthus
4686:
4679:
4672:
4665:
4658:
4651:
4644:
4637:
4630:
4612:
4605:
4598:
4593:Saxonipollis
4591:
4584:
4583:
4576:
4569:
4562:
4554:
4546:
4539:
4532:
4525:
4519:Drosophyllum
4517:
4512:Droseridites
4510:
4502:
4496:Droserapites
4494:
4486:
4479:
4474:Darlingtonia
4472:
4465:
4458:
4451:
4444:
4436:
4428:
4370:
4358:
4348:
4336:
4324:
4302:
4291:. Portland.
4288:
4270:
4264:
4243:. Retrieved
4236:
4232:
4225:
4213:. Retrieved
4207:mitchelliana
4206:
4202:
4195:
4183:. Retrieved
4176:
4172:
4165:
4153:. Retrieved
4146:
4139:
4127:. Retrieved
4120:
4113:
4101:. Retrieved
4094:
4087:
4075:. Retrieved
4068:
4061:
4049:. Retrieved
4042:
4035:
4023:. Retrieved
4016:
4009:
3990:. Retrieved
3984:
3977:
3969:
3952:
3948:
3942:
3922:
3888:(4): 95β96.
3885:
3879:
3849:
3845:
3832:
3824:
3819:
3811:
3789:
3772:
3763:
3755:
3750:
3739:. Retrieved
3733:
3725:
3716:
3707:
3699:
3679:. Retrieved
3671:hartmeyer.de
3670:
3660:
3635:
3631:
3625:
3613:. Retrieved
3593:
3589:
3576:
3565:. Retrieved
3559:
3555:
3547:
3538:
3532:
3528:
3466:
3462:
3416:
3412:
3385:
3357:
3317:
3313:
3308:mitchelliana
3307:
3303:
3297:
3293:
3287:
3281:
3275:
3272:'Dixie Lace'
3269:
3263:
3257:
3243:
3232:
3230:
3224:
3221:
3215:
3204:
3200:
3196:
3195:
3185:
3173:
3172:
3165:
3161:
3157:
3156:
3150:
3119:Edgar Wherry
3105:
3101:
3095:
3083:
3075:
3073:
3069:Sea Lavender
3056:
3052:
3048:
3044:
3040:
3034:
3018:
3017:
3011:
3004:
2988:
2984:
2980:
2976:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2959:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2942:
2937:
2933:
2929:
2925:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2903:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2886:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2852:
2848:
2844:
2840:
2836:S. oreophila
2835:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2818:
2814:
2810:
2806:
2801:
2797:
2792:
2788:
2782:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2748:
2744:
2741:mitchelliana
2740:
2736:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2719:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2680:
2676:
2672:
2668:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2646:
2640:
2636:
2631:
2627:
2626:
2620:
2616:
2604:
2588:
2584:
2582:
2564:
2553:
2549:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2517:
2513:
2501:luteoviridis
2500:
2496:
2492:
2481:
2477:
2466:
2462:
2447:
2443:
2436:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2388:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2357:pallidiflora
2356:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2329:
2325:
2321:
2310:
2306:
2294:heterophylla
2293:
2289:
2285:
2270:
2266:
2259:
2245:luteoviridis
2244:
2240:
2236:
2225:
2221:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2185:
2181:
2174:
2161:
2158:S. oreophila
2157:
2142:
2139:S. oreophila
2138:
2131:
2118:
2114:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2078:
2074:
2067:
2058:
2054:
2046:
2042:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2006:
2002:
1995:
1989:A.DC.) Mast.
1986:
1978:
1974:
1964:rubricorpora
1963:
1959:
1952:
1944:
1940:
1933:
1925:
1921:
1910:
1906:
1899:
1895:
1888:atropurpurea
1887:
1883:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1847:
1843:
1836:
1823:
1819:
1808:
1804:
1797:
1787:
1783:
1772:
1768:
1754:
1750:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1714:
1710:
1703:
1693:
1677:
1673:
1660:
1657:rubricorpora
1656:
1652:
1646:
1635:
1626:
1616:
1612:
1606:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1583:
1581:
1555:
1530:
1497:
1471:
1445:
1419:
1393:
1368:
1342:
1316:
1291:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1237:
1235:
1215:Nepenthaceae
1205:. Under the
1200:
1196:Darlingtonia
1194:
1186:
1184:
1177:
1162:
1145:
1140:
1134:
1116:
1105:pitchers at
1102:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1077:
1050:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1022:
1018:
1012:
1004:
992:
989:conservation
970:
964:
952:
939:, runoff of
928:
924:
916:
915:
873:
871:
866:
861:
843:
835:
834:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
797:
789:
783:
777:
771:
755:
751:
745:
728:
725:Growth cycle
717:
714:
705:
699:
695:
690:
684:
631:
625:
609:
605:
601:
595:
578:
559:
557:
551:
549:
545:
539:
537:
532:
526:
525:Collembola (
505:
501:
491:
477:
471:
467:
459:
445:
439:
435:
431:
424:
421:
397:
396:
375:
360:
336:
335:
328:
324:Darlingtonia
322:
314:
215:
214:
213:
208:
196:
183:
167:
148:
147:
111:
98:
85:
72:
40:
24:
18:
4926:iNaturalist
4807:Wikispecies
4709:Proboscidea
4660:Drymocallis
4614:Utricularia
4541:Heliamphora
4422:(β extinct)
4409:Carnivorous
4273:(2): 83β87.
3681:23 November
3413:Experientia
3192:Propagation
3141:Cultivation
3125:(1949β52),
2832:S. purpurea
2815:S. purpurea
2798:S. purpurea
2779:S. purpurea
2762:S. purpurea
2745:S. purpurea
2664:S. purpurea
2621:S. purpurea
2537:viridescens
2488:D.E.Schnell
2467:alabamensis
2414:S. purpurea
2389:S. purpurea
2384:D.E.Schnell
2370:S. purpurea
2345:S. purpurea
2322:S. purpurea
2307:S. purpurea
2286:S. purpurea
2267:S. purpurea
2209:viridescens
2125:D.E.Schnell
2102:viridescens
2030:viridescens
2026:leucophylla
2007:leucophylla
1985:(Shuttlew.
1970:D.E.Schnell
1951:Hort. Bull
1917:D.E.Schnell
1871:viridescens
1762:S.McPherson
1738:viridescens
1692:A clump of
1659:, and var.
1613:S. viatorum
1582:Currently,
1219:Droseraceae
1213:along with
1211:Nepenthales
1202:Heliamphora
1019:alabamensis
1001:Mississippi
973:legislation
945:agriculture
882:Switzerland
810:alabamensis
634:pollinators
565:lobster-pot
533:S. purpurea
456:translucent
452:chlorophyll
393:Description
353:Great Lakes
330:Heliamphora
209:S. purpurea
92:Angiosperms
5104:Sarracenia
5098:Categories
4944:30020496-2
4892:Sarracenia
4813:Sarracenia
4783:Sarracenia
4695:Passiflora
4632:Aracamunia
4585:Sarracenia
4571:Pinguicula
4467:Cephalotus
4446:Brocchinia
4430:Aldrovanda
4371:Sarracenia
4359:Sarracenia
4349:Sarracenia
4337:Sarracenia
4331:Barry Rice
4325:Sarracenia
4233:Sarracenia
4203:Sarracenia
4173:Sarracenia
4147:Sarracenia
4121:Sarracenia
4095:Sarracenia
4069:Sarracenia
4043:Sarracenia
4017:Sarracenia
3992:2018-10-06
3978:Sarracenia
3790:Sarracenia
3741:2017-05-20
3700:Sarracenia
3638:(1): 7β9.
3567:2017-05-20
3558:Sarracenia
3541:: 110β111.
3395:References
3371:autonymous
3314:Sarracenia
3304:Sarracenia
3294:Sarracenia
3288:Sarracenia
3282:Sarracenia
3276:Sarracenia
3270:Sarracenia
3264:Sarracenia
3258:Sarracenia
3233:Sarracenia
3225:Sarracenia
3216:Sarracenia
3205:Sarracenia
3201:Sarracenia
3197:Sarracenia
3186:Sarracenia
3174:Sarracenia
3158:Sarracenia
3076:Sarracenia
3045:Sarracenia
3019:Sarracenia
3005:Sarracenia
2977:Sarracenia
2960:Sarracenia
2943:Sarracenia
2926:Sarracenia
2913:wrigleyana
2909:Sarracenia
2892:Sarracenia
2875:Sarracenia
2858:Sarracenia
2841:Sarracenia
2828:pureophila
2824:Sarracenia
2807:Sarracenia
2789:Sarracenia
2771:Sarracenia
2754:Sarracenia
2737:Sarracenia
2720:Sarracenia
2703:Sarracenia
2686:Sarracenia
2669:Sarracenia
2652:Sarracenia
2641:Sarracenia
2637:Sarracenia
2632:Sarracenia
2628:Sarracenia
2605:Sarracenia
2205:psittacina
2186:psittacina
1955:W.Robinson
1902:W.Robinson
1698:in habitat
1671:Plants of
1246:subspecies
1238:Sarracenia
1187:Sarracenia
1185:The genus
1146:Sarracenia
1141:Sarracenia
1005:Sarracenia
993:Sarracenia
953:Sarracenia
941:herbicides
929:Sarracenia
925:Sarracenia
917:Sarracenia
906:California
904:along the
867:Sarracenia
862:Sarracenia
836:Sarracenia
798:Sarracenia
736:metabolism
718:Sarracenia
626:Sarracenia
602:Sarracenia
582:, a toxic
540:Sarracenia
402:herbaceous
398:Sarracenia
337:Sarracenia
216:Sarracenia
197:Sarracenia
184:Sarracenia
149:Sarracenia
41:Sarracenia
25:Sarracenia
4716:Stylidium
4564:Philcoxia
4548:Nepenthes
4179:'Violet'"
4177:catesbaei
3904:247344089
3560:from seed
3529:Seed Data
3493:1932-6203
3433:0014-4754
3342:Nephentes
3298:catesbaei
3074:The name
3064:Cartier's
3027:New World
2879:excellens
2862:farnhamii
2775:chelsonii
2656:catesbaei
2497:gulfensis
2482:gulfensis
2143:oreophila
1795:P.D'Amato
1755:atrorubra
1632:monograph
1277:Authority
1250:varieties
1011:(1973) β
949:floristry
900:) and in
802:perennial
696:Ca Co A G
436:Operculum
417:peristome
413:operculum
387:proteases
168:See text
62:Kingdom:
5065:VASCAN:
5058:40030219
5053:Tropicos
4792:Wikidata
4726:See also
4702:Plumbago
4681:Lathraea
4674:Ibicella
4667:Geranium
4653:Dipsacus
4639:Capsella
4600:Triantha
4578:Roridula
4534:Genlisea
4460:Catopsis
4357:Growing
4327:Taxonomy
4149:'Vogel'"
3675:Archived
3615:26 April
3556:Growing
3511:28222171
3463:PLOS ONE
3441:38319708
3326:See also
3300:'Violet'
3151:S. alata
3092:Linnaeus
3058:Limonium
3053:purpurea
3036:S. minor
3009:L'Obel's
2985:S. minor
2968:S. rubra
2955:S. minor
2951:S. rubra
2938:S. rubra
2934:S. alata
2904:S. alata
2896:areolata
2887:S. minor
2870:S. rubra
2853:S. rubra
2802:S. minor
2793:swaniana
2783:S. rubra
2766:S. alata
2758:exornata
2732:S. alata
2728:S. flava
2715:S. minor
2711:S. flava
2698:S. rubra
2694:S. flava
2677:S. flava
2660:S. flava
2585:S. rubra
2565:S. rubra
2550:S. rubra
2529:S. rubra
2514:S. rubra
2493:S. rubra
2478:S. rubra
2463:S. rubra
2444:S. rubra
2290:purpurea
2271:purpurea
2115:S. minor
2094:S. minor
2075:S. minor
1975:S. flava
1960:S. flava
1941:S. flava
1922:S. flava
1907:S. flava
1884:S. flava
1863:S. flava
1844:S. flava
1820:S. alata
1805:S. alata
1784:S. alata
1769:S. alata
1751:S. alata
1730:S. alata
1711:S. alata
1227:Ericales
1168:Taxonomy
1158:poaching
1130:Virginia
1126:Maryland
937:forestry
853:nitrates
845:Sphagnum
773:Sphagnum
742:Genetics
646:umbrella
610:S. flava
584:alkaloid
569:tadpoles
510:glabrous
496:bacteria
162:Species
134:Family:
128:Ericales
118:Asterids
105:Eudicots
4957:1353591
4905:3190681
4798:Q161174
4488:Drosera
4481:Dionaea
4362:by the
4341:by the
4245:5 March
4215:5 March
4185:5 March
4155:5 March
4129:5 March
4103:5 March
4077:5 March
4051:5 March
4025:5 March
3652:2481882
3610:2483737
3502:5319649
3471:Bibcode
3367:variety
3290:'Vogel'
3231:Mature
3178:perlite
3071:genus.
3039:in his
2981:formosa
2964:gilpini
2947:rehderi
2930:ahlesii
2811:courtii
2707:harperi
2615:A wild
2595:Hybrids
2554:wherryi
2552:subsp.
2533:jonesii
2531:subsp.
2518:jonesii
2516:subsp.
2495:subsp.
2480:subsp.
2465:subsp.
2456:autonym
2446:subsp.
2422:montana
2416:subsp.
2401:luteola
2391:subsp.
2372:subsp.
2347:subsp.
2338:autonym
2324:subsp.
2309:subsp.
2288:subsp.
2279:autonym
2269:subsp.
2194:autonym
2151:autonym
2087:autonym
2015:autonym
1979:rugelii
1856:autonym
1723:autonym
1661:rugelii
1655:, var.
1651:: var.
1274:Species
1061:Georgia
1057:Alabama
1035:jonesii
1033:subsp.
1027:Alabama
1017:subsp.
997:Alabama
981:Georgia
977:Florida
921:habitat
908:coast.
898:Lusatia
894:Bavaria
890:England
886:Ireland
857:leached
826:montana
818:jonesii
687:flowers
666:stigmas
662:anthers
580:Coniine
486:enzymes
409:rhizome
371:insects
367:evolved
307:species
301:) is a
144:Genus:
124:Order:
66:Plantae
5027:PLANTS
5019:639943
5003:NZOR:
4879:129294
4827:215058
4646:Colura
4453:Byblis
4309:
4295:
4237:moorei
3930:
3902:
3650:
3608:
3509:
3499:
3491:
3439:
3431:
3318:moorei
3031:L'Obel
3014:, 1576
2845:readii
2673:moorei
2607:hybrid
2418:venosa
2397:burkii
2393:venosa
2378:burkii
2374:venosa
2353:venosa
2349:venosa
2330:venosa
2326:venosa
2311:venosa
2162:ornata
1945:ornata
1926:maxima
1911:cuprea
1809:ornata
1773:cuprea
1653:ornata
1615:, and
1521:, the
1479:Michx.
1375:Wherry
1221:. The
1063:, and
1049:, and
983:, and
820:, and
794:Canada
721:seed.
674:nectar
664:. The
658:pollen
654:petals
642:bracts
638:sepals
628:flower
592:nectar
502:Zone 5
492:Zone 4
482:glands
478:Zone 3
468:Zone 2
432:Zone 1
359:(only
351:, the
5032:SARRA
4970:21992
4952:IRMNG
4931:52650
4918:10761
4887:FoAO2
4866:1SRNG
4853:39326
4241:. RHS
4211:. RHS
4181:. RHS
4151:. RHS
4125:. RHS
4099:. RHS
4073:. RHS
4047:. RHS
4021:. RHS
3900:S2CID
3842:(PDF)
3648:JSTOR
3606:JSTOR
3586:(PDF)
3437:S2CID
3363:forms
3348:Notes
3007:from
2724:alava
2690:popei
2448:rubra
2420:var.
2395:var.
2376:var.
2351:var.
2328:var.
2239:var.
2224:var.
2203:var.
2184:var.
2160:var.
2141:var.
2117:var.
2098:minor
2096:var.
2079:minor
2077:var.
2045:var.
2024:var.
2005:var.
1977:var.
1962:var.
1943:var.
1936:Mast.
1924:var.
1909:var.
1886:var.
1867:flava
1865:var.
1848:flava
1846:var.
1822:var.
1807:var.
1786:var.
1771:var.
1753:var.
1734:alata
1732:var.
1715:alata
1713:var.
1676:var.
1563:Walt.
1427:Walt.
1283:Image
1073:CITES
1069:CITES
1043:North
1041:) in
1025:) in
987:have
943:from
758:=24.
710:urine
702:scent
650:style
550:Only
349:Texas
303:genus
112:Clade
99:Clade
86:Clade
73:Clade
5068:1650
5040:POWO
4996:4358
4991:NCBI
4965:ITIS
4939:IPNI
4913:GRIN
4900:GBIF
4861:EPPO
4840:7CLZ
4822:APNI
4411:and
4307:ISBN
4293:ISBN
4247:2021
4217:2021
4187:2021
4157:2021
4131:2021
4105:2021
4079:2021
4053:2021
4027:2021
3928:ISBN
3683:2015
3617:2016
3507:PMID
3489:ISSN
3429:ISSN
3104:and
2047:alba
1566:1788
1540:1999
1508:1753
1482:1803
1456:1933
1430:1803
1404:1817
1401:Raf.
1378:1929
1353:1753
1327:1863
1301:2005
1280:Year
1248:and
1217:and
1199:and
1128:and
1111:Ohio
1045:and
999:and
849:moss
840:fens
800:are
670:bees
538:All
444:and
400:are
378:prey
327:and
5076:WFO
4978:NBN
4874:FNA
4848:EoL
4835:CoL
4329:by
3957:doi
3953:189
3890:doi
3854:doi
3640:doi
3598:doi
3531:".
3497:PMC
3479:doi
3421:doi
3248:'s
2535:f.
2499:f.
2399:f.
2355:f.
2292:f.
2243:f.
2207:f.
2100:f.
2028:f.
1869:f.
1736:f.
1681:in
1055:in
832:).
750:of
594:of
434::
260:or
5100::
5078::
5055::
5042::
5029::
5016::
4993::
4980::
4967::
4954::
4941::
4928::
4915::
4902::
4889::
4876::
4863::
4850::
4837::
4824::
4809::
4794::
4271:41
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