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A categorization of the styles was developed by Anne-Sophie Gräslund in the 1990s. Her systematization is considered to have been a break-through and is today a standard. The styles are RAK, Fp, Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4 and Pr5, and they cover the period 980-1130, which was the period during which most
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RAK is the oldest style and covers the period 980-1015 AD, but the
Rundata project also includes the older runestones in this group, as well as younger ones. This style has no dragon heads and the ends of the runic bands are straight.
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This style is from the period c. 1010/1015 to c. 1040/1050, when Pr3 appeared. It is characterized by runic bands that end with animal heads seen from above.
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project, although it does not attribute it to Gräslund's model. The style is common in western Södermanland and it is characterized by bordered crosses.
54:. The early runestones were simple in design, but towards the end of the runestone era they became increasingly complex and made by travelling
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This style is only somewhat younger than the previous style and it is dated to c. 1020- c. 1050, and it was also succeeded by Pr3.
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This style was the last one before runestones stopped being raised. It appeared c. 1080/1100 and lasted until c. 1130.
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In the styles called Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4 and Pr5, the runic bands end with animal heads seen in profile.
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Below follows a brief presentation of the various styles by showing sample runestones according to
724:, Runeninschriften als Quellen Interdisziplinärer Forschung (K. Düwel ed.). Göttingen. pp. 197–218
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Gräslund, Anne-Sophie (2006), "Dating the
Swedish Viking-Age Rune Stones on Stylistic Grounds",
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This style is contemporary with FP dated to c. 1010- c. 1050 when it was succeeded by Pr3.
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This style appeared somewhat later c. 1060/1070 and lasted until c. 1100.
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This style succeeded FP, Pr1 and Pr2 and is dated to c. 1050- c. 1080.
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81:, whereas Pr3, Pr4 and Pr5 belong to what is more widely known as the
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The runestone styles were part of the general evolution of art in
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Swedish
Runestones of the Eleventh Century: Ornament and Dating
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The term "runestone style" in the singular may refer to the
673:, Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press, pp. 117–140,
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which is in the same as the later runestone styles.
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732:The Oxford Illustrated History of the Vikings
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670:Runes and Their Secrets: Studies in Runology
27:. This is a part of the decoration of the
713:Runriket Täby-Vallentuna – en Handledning
77:The styles Pr1 and Pr2 correspond to the
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734:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
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718:Fuglesang, Signe Horn (1998).
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16:Overview of runestone design
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700:Sources and external links
565:This style is used by the
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760:History of Scandinavia
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301:Pr2 (Ringerike style)
237:Pr1 (Ringerike style)
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229:Pr (profile styles)
194:Gripsholm Runestone
638:List of runestones
50:varied during the
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29:Urnes stave church
740:978-0-19-285434-6
495:Pr5 (Urnes style)
431:Pr4 (Urnes style)
367:Pr3 (Urnes style)
142:Karlevi Runestone
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92:'s annotation.
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208:U FV 1992;157
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114:Rök runestone
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448:U Fv1976;107
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74:were made.
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775:Swedish art
83:Urnes style
56:runemasters
39:Urnes style
25:Scandinavia
780:Viking art
765:Danish art
755:Runestones
749:Categories
730:. (1997).
648:Runemaster
72:runestones
52:Viking Age
48:runestones
654:Footnotes
643:Norse art
627:See also
58:such as
706:Rundata
567:Rundata
90:Rundata
738:
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607:Sö 363
595:Sö 362
526:U 1014
318:Sö 279
222:Sö 194
156:Ă–g 165
64:Visäte
620:Sö 85
582:Sö 84
554:U 541
540:U 216
512:U 104
488:U 871
474:U 152
461:U 647
424:U 148
411:U 256
398:U 240
384:U 194
360:U 165
346:U 137
332:U 212
294:U 161
280:U 201
266:U 335
253:U 324
180:U 778
128:U 336
736:ISBN
675:ISBN
62:and
60:Ă–pir
96:RAK
85:.
751::
561:KB
163:Fp
66:.
41:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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