160:) on CATS on July 7, 1992. Originally conceived as a "mixed drink cooking show," the program had no budget and was produced under extremely primitive conditions in the basement of a rental property on the town's northeast side. However, the show quickly mutated in both style and substance as the producers moved to new housing and employed different production techniques.
335:
Some members of the board wanted to cancel the series entirely, but in the end a compromise was reached. A portion of the screen was blacked out and the caption "Censored by order of the Monroe County Public
Library" was displayed with the library's phone number included; the audio track, which explicitly described the image, was allowed to remain intact.
138:, the series expanded to multiple cable systems before becoming the first television series distributed on the internet in April 1995. Though an underground production with virtually no budget, the show has generated significant controversy and garnered major media coverage, as well as scholarly attention, especially during its earliest years.
150:) and assigned to community service at Community Access Television Services (then Bloomington Community Access Television) in Bloomington, Indiana. It was here that Everson learned how to produce videos for local cablecast, which a number of writers have suggested was key to the development of the series.
221:
Many have branded the show as a form of countercultural identity production, with various commentators labeling it as "a good depiction of the slacker lifestyle in
Bloomington of the early '90s", "equal parts slacker diary, societal satire and improvisational theater", "a revealing slacker diary and
334:
Episode 5, "Rum & Coke
Special," featured a segment titled "Coprophagia Corner," in which the hosts displayed a photo, downloaded from the internet, which "depicted a woman defecating into a man's mouth." The episode was held by station director Michael White, and reviewed by the library board.
348:
Another side effect to these clashes was to galvanize the producers. When two of the episodes were held back for review, Everson and
Nickell chose to run a looping message in their place, which asked viewers to write in. "Our mailbox was stuffed for the next few weeks," Everson wrote twenty years
178:
began distributing via the web. The debut internet episode, "Global
Village Idiots," was produced in segmented fashion and encoded as a series of short QuickTime videos for download from the show's website at rox.com. The program was hailed as the first television series on the internet and an
338:
The controversies surrounding episodes 22 ("Boyz Nite In") and 24 ("A Badly Dubbed
Foreign Film") entailed more media attention. Both episodes included video of penises -- in the first case, two real ones, in the second case, a fake. When these episodes were held for review, it got into local
201:
has covered a wide variety of topics, from the banal task of defrosting a freezer to broader social issues such as poverty and marijuana legalization. The program never uses scripts, employing a reality-based technique of capturing video on the fly, improvising performances, and assembling a
443:
Everson learned how to produce a TV show after being arrested for streaking across the university campus. His sentence: public service at a community access station. It was there that he learned all the cool, judiciously applied editing tricks that make Rox such a treat to
376:"Local response was mostly positive," however not everyone was impressed. The Indiana Governor's Commission for a Drug-Free Indiana attempted to shut the show down, with executive director Joseph E. Mills III accusing the producers of "the overt promotion of anarchy."
617:
Bart
Everson, 24, of Bloomington, Ind., is a telemarketer by day. But with a palmcorder, a "video toaster" and an ancient Mac SE, he and three friends also produce "Rox," the first TV show to be distributed on the Internet. It's already developed something of a cult
542:
Last week, as their 85th episode, Global
Village Idiots, was flickering across Bloomington televisions, it was simultaneously stored on the Internet, where millions of people worldwide could retrieve it — the first television show broadcast in
361:, as a way of dramatizing the argument for legalization. (Marijuana was illegal everywhere in the United States at the time.) The story was covered by all three network affiliates in Indianapolis (the nearest large market) with clips from
218:. "We took J&B out of the name of the show because the show's not really about the two of us, it's about the community," Nickell said in an interview at the time. "We call it reality-based because it's based on people's lives."
228:
Through it all, one constant theme has been the mixing and consumption of alcoholic beverages by Joe
Nickell, the show's ostensible bartender. Though the program's early history coincided roughly with the beginning of the American
205:
One early report described the show as "an offbeat look at art, life, culture, society, and whatever else the two hosts feel like looking at. The basic premise is that of teaching the viewers how to mix a variety of drinks."
466:
Bart
Everson, was ordered by the Monroe County court system to work in CATS as public restitution for streaking across campus. Using the skills he learned through that experience, Everson devised his own
209:
However, over the long term, the true subject of the series has proven to be the lives of the producers and their community. This broad approach was reflected when the name of the show was shortened from
233:, it can hardly be described as participating in that trend. Indeed, reporters have accused Nickell of perpetrating "the most disgusting cocktails ever conceived" on an unsuspecting populace.
257:
Christy Paxson has been cited by critics as "responsible for many of the program's most memorable moments" because of her "mastery of timing and character voices and her sense of the absurd."
324:
producers and the Monroe County Public Library (which housed the CATS public access station) cropped up almost immediately, beginning with episode 5 and continuing with episodes 22 and 24.
171:
As the producers became more ambitious, the program expanded to public access cable stations in other cities through the laborious process of sending individual tapes through the mail.
168:
Everson and bartender Joe Nickell produced three seasons of television from 1992 to 1995. Each season consisted of 26 (or more) weekly program of approximately half an hour in length.
127:
is an American independently produced television and subsequently web series, noted for its political activism as well as for its aesthetic and technical achievements. First shown on
31:
580:
ROX has become the world's first on-demand Internet TV series; through the World Wide Web, viewers can download shows from the series at any time and play them on a home computer.
520:
WHEREAS, although Joe Nickell and Bart Everson didn't set out to become television pioneers, that's exactly what happened when J&B on the Rox hit the airwaves on July 7, 1992;
241:
Because of the shoestring nature of the production, the people behind the camera are usually the same people who are in front of it. No distinction is made between cast and crew.
388:
responded with episode 64, "The Overt Promotion of Anarchy," which reveled in the designation, explored the political philosophy of anarchism, documented police brutality at a
222:
satiric tour de farce of the Bohemian lifestyle," "transform the bleakest realities of everyday Bloomington, IN, life into 30 minutes of social satire and bohemian adventure."
487:
312:
has courted controversy, initially through attempting to air allegedly obscene material and later through provocative, politically charged depictions of illegal activities.
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In one scene, Nickell and Everson smoke a joint in front of the county courthouse. But they said they are confident their actions are protected by the First Amendment.
327:
Telecommunications scholar Lindsy Pack details these three early episodes in a study titled "Ambiguous Standards, Arbitrary Enforcement." The three episodes involved
254:
Terry Hornsby, a self-styled "anarchist clown" and chronically homeless individual, has produced recurring segments such as the "Anarchist Diary" and "Taiwan Rox."
182:
Everson and Nickell ceased production in 1995, citing financial difficulties, but distribution continued to expand. The producers signed several contracts with
802:
1024:
396:" for circumventing payphone fees on long-distance calls. This segment generated some attention from Indianapolis television news and newspapers.
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331:, simulated masturbation, and a close-up shot of male genitalia; none were cablecast in their entirety, and were shown only in censored form.
827:
Pack, Lindsy (2000). "Ambiguous Standards, Arbitrary Enforcement: Cable Access TV and Controversial Programming". In Pritchard, David (ed.).
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Pack found the library's review procedures to be unclear and decried the "policy void" as "unacceptable, and perhaps even unconstitutional."
189:
Nickell moved to Montana; Everson relocated to New Orleans, but after an eight-year hiatus, they resumed production with their 87th episode.
186:, allowing for distribution via satellite on Dish Network. In the early days of Free Speech TV, this was "the network's most popular show."
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The show's "early ’90s, grunge aesthetic" is reflected in the "blatantly amateur" camerawork, "grainy" video and "uneven sound."
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In April 1994, episode 59 generated the show's biggest controversy to date, when the hosts smoked marijuana in front of the
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CATS has since established itself as a "dedicated constitutional forum," in part because of these disputes.
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Among the hundreds of people who have appeared on the show, the following have logged the most time.
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McMahan, Jill (1994-09-14). "Not selling out: J&B premiere of Rox at the 'Bird".
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681:
652:
434:
908:
Watson, Matthew (1994-04-12). "Pros and cons of marijuana use to be TV show topic".
673:
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Hall, Steve (1995-01-24). "Cable access offers 'ROX,' an excess of irreverence".
183:
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753:
Kheiry, Jamal (1994-04-08). "Unstructured (Life) Style Draws Cult Following".
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Snedeker, Marge (1993-09-01). "Stumbling into a second season of stupidity!".
1018:
685:
511:
833:. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press. pp. 130–135.
592:
Horodezky, Sam (1995-09-01). "Pioneers: The First and Weirdest Online TV".
292:
287:
272:
267:
488:"Rox cable pioneers to celebrate 20th anniversary of locally-made program"
328:
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bicycle ride, and provided explicit instructions on how to construct a "
282:
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example of "the real impact of the digital revolution in pop culture."
30:
771:
Hammer, Steve; Poyser, Jim (1995-01-18). "J&B: Life on the ROX".
147:
146:
In the fall of 1989, Bart Everson was arrested for public indecency (
998:
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after the fact. "Suddenly we became aware that we had an audience."
131:
248:
Joe Nickell, also known as J, who serves as the show's bartender.
788:
Real People: The Magazine of Celebrities and Interesting People
251:
Bart Everson, also known as B, who serves as the show's editor.
197:
Over the course of four seasons and almost a hundred episodes,
854:
Christensen, Brent (1993-02-12). "Trouble on the soap box".
830:
Holding the Media Accountable: Citizens, Ethics, and the Law
418:
Hall, Steve (1995-05-20). "In the realm of the uncensored".
869:
Kheiry, Jamal (1993-03-02). "J&B on rocks with BCAT".
49:
Joe Nickell "J" (bartender) and Bart Everson "B" (editor)
192:
174:
In April 1995, ten years before the launch of YouTube,
893:
Everson, Bart (2012-07-01). "A Season on the Drink".
555:
Gallman, Dave (1995-04-13). "Global Village Idiots".
929:Straight Dope: An MTV News Special Report on Drugs
640:
371:Straight Dope: An MTV News Special Report on Drugs
141:
1016:
458:"The Story of CATS Community Access TV Services"
163:
965:Carson, Tom (1997-05-13). "1-2-C Red Light".
770:
705:Leonard, Mike (2004-01-29). "They're back".
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672:Immergut, Debra Jo (1998-05-28).
433:Frauenfelder, Mark (1995-12-01).
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98:Community Access) (then Internet)
1035:2000s American television series
803:"ROX: TV Show of the Millennium"
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532:Quittner, Joshua (1995-05-01).
512:"National Rox Day proclamation"
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142:Background and original concept
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755:LUX (IDS Entertainment Guide)
570:McCleskey, Joe (1995-07-01).
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647:. Chronicle Books. pp.
486:Leonard, Mike (2012-06-03).
456:Hiller, Nancy (2012-09-20).
41:Joe Nickell and Bart Everson
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164:Production and distribution
156:premiered (under the title
16:American television program
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609:"Do-It-Yourself Directors"
607:Harmon, Amy (1996-01-10).
572:"Slacker Video on the Net"
231:craft cocktail renaissance
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737:The Indiana Daily Student
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982:The Indianapolis Star
952:The Bloomington Voice
722:The Bloomington Voice
557:The Bloomington Voice
435:"The Real Real World"
420:The Indianapolis Star
367:The Howard Stern Show
308:Since the beginning,
999:Official Rox website
808:Cashiers du Cinemart
136:Bloomington, Indiana
320:Conflicts between
298:Varro Eugene Tyler
212:J&B on the Rox
158:J&B on the ROX
967:The Village Voice
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329:coprophagia
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65:of episodes
1019:Categories
936:2016-12-31
691:2016-06-16
618:following.
576:Videomaker
497:2012-06-03
400:References
283:Helen Hill
214:to simply
110:1992-07-07
73:Production
38:Created by
686:0099-9660
148:streaking
132:cable TV
46:Starring
883:Hiller.
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786:"".
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