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in 1987. After going through an extensive permitting process and a decline in the
California housing market, Grevelle decided that the project he had envisioned would be unlikely to meet his financial goals. Since the tract was already surrounded by park land, he chose to make the land available to EBRPD, which announced its intention to add the land to the Black Diamond Mines Regional Preserve. Grevelle estimated the market value of his donation at $ 3.5 million in 2016 (~$ 4.36 million in 2023).
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324:, and the intervening waterway. Black Diamond Mines Regional Preserve is located in a boundary area between these three tribes. At the beginning of the 19th century, these three tribes were significantly impacted by the Spanish mission system. Between 1804 and 1806, the majority of Volvon Bay Miwok were split up and baptized at either
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However, a number of mine openings have been turned into public-access openings which allow visitors to look into the mines and, for some, to walk a short distance underground. The deepest public-access opening is known as
Prospect Tunnel. Visitors can enter 200 feet (61 m) of this excavation made by miners searching for coal.
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The coal produced was of a low grade (sub-bituminous or lignite), but for a time in the 19th century, was the only readily accessible and economic source in
California. Therefore, it was a very valuable resource and powering the railroads, ships and heavy industry of California. The mineral was often called 'black diamond."
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EBRPD accepted the donation of 50 acres (20 ha) by
Antioch Holdings LLC on December 20, 2016. The property had been deeded to the holding company by Gordon Grevelle, president of Suncrest Homes, who had originally planned to build a gated residential community there when he had bought the tract
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Inside the
Greathouse portal, a 950 foot (290 m)-long section of the entrance corridor has been made into a museum. The first section is a series of self-guided exhibits, while the larger second section (which has a separate entrance from the outside), houses a reconstruction of the Hazel-Atlas
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Few people buried in the cemetery are identified. Many of the individual plots were never marked. More had only a wooden marker – nearly all of which were destroyed over the years by either wildfires that swept through the area or by insects, weather, or other natural cause. Vandals are said to have
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Rose Hill
Cemetery, officially designated as a Protestant cemetery, the final resting place for over 200 residents of the coalfield, is located on a hillside between the Somersville and Nortonville townsites. After the mines closed and the nearby towns were abandoned, the cemetery fell into disuse.
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were located in valleys to the east. The sites of
Judsonville and West Hartley are located on private property outside the eastern boundary of the Preserve. The mines were the Empire, Central, Star, Corcoran, Pittsburg, Manhattan, Eureka, Independent, Union, Black Diamond, Mt. Hope, and Cumberland.
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and other communities. Coal mining activity ended as better-quality imported coal became affordable and as petroleum emerged as an energy source. After the coal mines closed, the towns were abandoned and the area was used mainly for cattle grazing. In 1974 the
Southport Land and Commercial Company
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In 1859 William C. Israel discovered a coal deposit while clearing out a spring on his land at Horse Haven Valley, six miles south of
Antioch. His initial attempt to mine the coal was not financially successful but soon other coal deposits were discovered nearby and mining operations grew rapidly.
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One writer states that there were over 230 burial plots, though the exact number cannot be documented. Only 80 gravestones remained in 2016. Men buried there were mostly immigrant miners from Wales, killed in mining accidents, while the women were wives who died during childbirth. The majority of
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The coal mines are closed due to hazards posed by the age of the mines, the gases they produce (carbon dioxide and methane), and their rock quality (the shale and coal in the mines is unstable). In 1980 four young boys from the local area were killed by the methane gas from one of the open mines.
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mountains. Tectonic activity between the North
American and Pacific plate, along with sea level changes, brought about four series of marine sediment deposition. The coal that was mined from the Mount Diablo Coal Field was formed during the third marine sediment deposition cycle which took place
270:(EBRPD). The district acquired the property in 1973. The preserve contains relics of 3 mining towns, former coal and sand mines, and offers guided tours of a former sand mine. The 60 miles (97 km) of trails in the Preserve cross rolling foothill terrain covered with grassland,
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623:) are present as well. The park is open year-round for hiking, mountain biking, and horseback riding from 8 am to dusk. A backpack camp and a group camp can be reserved for overnight stays. There have been many reports of a ghost in the park.
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Sarah Norton, age 68, wife of Noah Norton (namesake of Nortonville), who also worked as a midwife and was killed instantly when she was thrown from her buggy to deliver yet another baby; she reportedly delivered over 600 babies for miners'
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10 long tons) of sand between from the 1920s to the 1940s. The Hazel-Atlas mine is being restored and maintained by park staff and can be visited on guided tours which cover the area's mining history and geology.
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where the North American Plate was pushed over the Pacific Plate. During this era, the Pacific Ocean stretched over much of the California central valley with the coastline reaching the lower regions of the
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manufacturing glass containers. Hazel-Atlas eventually purchased the mine and operated it until about 1945. Another sandstone mine in the Nortonville area produced sand used by the Columbia Steel mill in
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Many of the gravestones were stolen or destroyed by vandals. In 1960, Ansel Adams photographed two Italian Cypress trees in the cemetery, and called the image, "Poplars, Cemetery near Mount Diablo".
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EBRPD originally repurposed the Hazel-Atlas mine as a museum in the 1970s, but storm damage in 2007 forced closure of this attraction for extensive repairs. It did not reopen for five years.
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and was given to Contra Costa County by Emma Rose, the daughter of Black Diamond Mining Company president Alvinza Hayward. The original records for the cemetery were destroyed in the
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In the 1920s, a mine producing high-quality silica sandstone was started by owner Marvin Greathouse on a hillside above the Somersville townsite. He sold the product to the
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The area became known as the Mount Diablo Coalfield, the largest in California, producing more than 400 million short tons (357 million long tons) of coal during this time.
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Viall, Tim. "Exploring the East Bay; the ghosts of old coal miners haunt Black Diamond Mines Regional Preserve north of Mt. Diablo." ESanJoaquin.Blogs. July 16, 2016.
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Ortiz, Beverly R.; Milliken, Randall; Shoup, Laurence H. (2009) "Ohlone/Costanoan Indians of the San Francisco Peninsula and their Neighbors, Yesterday and Today"
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597:). It is home to a variety of wildlife including deer, mountain lions, coyotes, foxes, bobcats, golden eagles, and a variety of hawks. The endangered San Joaquin
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Long before the widespread ranching and mining activity that took place in the area, indigenous people had a presence in the Bay Area for 13,000 years. Three
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mines and the sites of several long-gone coal mining towns. The Preserve contains over 200 miles (320 km) of mine workings. The largest and oldest town,
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William Gething, age 36, who was killed with 9 other men in an 1876 explosion; 7 other men who died at the same time are buried nearby.
443:(former Black Diamond Coal Mining Company) donated 160 acres of its land holdings to help It become Black Diamond Mines Regional Park.
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The youngest known person was the one-day-old, unnamed daughter of Thomas H. and Elizabeth Jenkins, who died on April 15, 1880.
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The rich coal deposits and sandstone hills of Black Diamond Mines Regional Preserve were formed by geological activity in the
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National Park Service. Black Diamond Mines Regional Preserve. National Register of Historic Places Registration Form. 1991.
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The Preserve usually has an impressive variety of wildflowers in spring including the rare Mount Diablo fairy lantern (
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Alden, Andrew. "Black Diamond Regional Mines Preserve Reopens Visitor Center." KQED Science Quest. May 17, 2012.
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1010:"Todd, Gail. SFGate. "Black Diamond Mines Regional Preserve." September 26, 2012. Retrieved July 11, 2013"
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Industrial buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in California
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886:. Daniel J. Stanley, Gilbert Kelling. Stroudsburg, Pa.: Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross. 1978.
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of the Tertiary era, the North American Plate and the Pacific plate came together at a
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https://web.archive.org/web/20110911025638/http://www.ebparks.org/stewardship/plants
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The earliest stone marker belongs to Elizabeth Richmond, who died in February, 1865.
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University and college buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places
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Pohl, Michael. "Rose Hill Cemetery #007." Michael Pohl Photography. May 21, 2017.
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National Register of Historic Places listings in Contra Costa County, California
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Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in California
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The oldest known person was Ruth French, age 81, died on September 11, 1874.
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Populated places on the National Register of Historic Places in California
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National Register of Historic Places in Contra Costa County, California
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List of jails and prisons on the National Register of Historic Places
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Inside the Hazel-Atlas Mine at Black Diamond Mines Regional Preserve
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853:"History of Mount Diablo Coalfield Contra Costa County, California"
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312:, the Volvon occupied the territory to the south including much of
808:"The Bay Miwok Language and Land – Museum of the San Ramon Valley"
1224:"Explore a Bay Area ghost town with a trek to Black Diamond mine"
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graves in the cemetery are for children who died in epidemics of
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357:
966:"Why five booming Bay Area towns disappeared over a century ago"
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The most recent known burial was William T. Davis, died in 1954.
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Parks on the National Register of Historic Places in California
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Greathouse Portal, Black Diamond Mine Regional Preserve in 2012
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931:"The Cenozoic evolution of the San Joaquin Valley, California"
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1269:. Arcadia Publishing Company, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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Coetsee, Rowena. "Black Diamond Mines park 50 acres larger."
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Erickson, Ger. "Black Diamond Mines Regional Preserve." 2017.
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for steel casting. The two companies recovered more than 1.8
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A few whose earthly remains were laid to rest here include:
1185:"Sand Mine Underground Visitor Center." RoadsideAmerica.com
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The land the cemetery occupies was originally owned by the
395:
735:. Office of Historic Preservation, California State Parks
316:, and the Ompin occupied the area to the north including
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Images of America: Black Diamond Mines Regional Preserve
1156:"Black Diamond Mines Regional Preserve – Park Features"
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Sedimentation in submarine canyons, fans, and trenches
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carried off some of the more permanent stone markers.
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is a 6,000-acre (2,400 ha) park located north of
1822:
History of the National Register of Historic Places
1853:List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state
27:Historic place in Contra Costa County, California
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2245:National Register of Historic Places portal
426:by three railroads: the Empire, Pittsburg, and
851:Sullivan, Raymond; Waters, John (March 1980).
850:
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605:) and threatened California red-legged frog (
553:works as it would have appeared around 1940.
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1273:http://www.ebparks.org/stewardship/wildlife
1144:(Booklet). East Bay Regional Park District.
2326:History of Contra Costa County, California
2291:Museums in Contra Costa County, California
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1793:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
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386:Historic marker for Mt. Diablo coal field
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51:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
2281:Parks in Contra Costa County, California
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394:The area includes the remains of twelve
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18:Rose Hill Cemetery (Antioch, California)
1751:Breuner Marsh (now Dotson Family Marsh)
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780:"Black Diamond Mines Regional Preserve"
684:List of California Historical Landmarks
242:Rose Hill Cemetery, Black Diamond Mines
234:Rose Hill Cemetery, Black Diamond Mines
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1296:East Bay Regional Parks.org: official
1166:from the original on September 2, 2011
994:. Elms Publishing Company. p. 96.
964:Mauhay-Moore, Sam (January 16, 2024).
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709:"National Register Information System"
430:, for shipment by barge to markets in
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1298:Black Diamond Mines Regional Preserve
1230:. Associated Press. February 14, 2022
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990:Hulaniski, Frederick J., ed. (1917).
832:Government Documents and Publications
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256:Black Diamond Mines Regional Preserve
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714:National Register of Historic Places
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250:Trail to a mine, Black Diamond Mines
2361:Protected areas established in 1973
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24:
2208:National Historic Preservation Act
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1069:from the original on April 7, 2020
1059:"Teen-agers die in abandoned mine"
1020:from the original on July 11, 2013
992:The History of Contra Costa County
570:Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta
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2366:1973 establishments in California
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1008:Todd, Gail (September 26, 2012).
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469:Black Diamond Coal Mining Company
276:California mixed evergreen forest
2301:Coal mining in the United States
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611:), California tiger salamander (
266:under the administration of the
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2331:California Historical Landmarks
2276:East Bay Regional Park District
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1160:East Bay Regional Park District
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268:East Bay Regional Park District
264:Contra Costa County, California
2371:Sandstone in the United States
2296:Open-air museums in California
2161:Federated States of Micronesia
1807:Architectural style categories
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69:California Historical Landmark
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473:1906 San Francisco earthquake
140:Show map of the United States
2286:Mining museums in California
834:. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
591:), and Brewer's dwarf flax (
422:The coal was carried to the
352:. In the period between the
32:United States historic place
7:
1305:Ghosttowns.com: Nortonville
1285:Accessed February 22, 2017.
1213:Accessed February 22, 2012.
1194:Accessed February 22, 2017.
1130:Accessed September 2, 2018.
1102:Accessed September 2, 2018.
1048:Accessed February 22, 2017.
672:
585:), Mount Diablo sunflower (
10:
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2213:Historic Preservation Fund
2192:American Legation, Morocco
1726:Crown Memorial State Beach
1209:February 23, 2017, at the
1126:September 3, 2018, at the
1098:September 3, 2018, at the
564:The trails offer views of
523:which operated a plant in
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285:
2321:Ghost towns in California
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2154:Lists by associated state
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1741:Little Hills Picnic Ranch
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733:"Mount Diablo coal field"
617:) and Alameda whipsnake (
572:, and on clear days, the
521:Hazel-Atlas Glass Company
370:during the middle of the
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2135:Northern Mariana Islands
929:Bartow, J. Alan (1991).
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1746:Point Molate Beach Park
1716:Ardenwood Historic Farm
1341:East Bay Regional Parks
1228:Greater Milwaukee Today
614:Ambystoma californiense
272:California oak woodland
2130:Minor Outlying Islands
2113:Lists by insular areas
1827:Keeper of the Register
1501:Martin Luther King Jr.
914:: CS1 maint: others (
665:during the late 1800s.
603:Vulpes macrotis mutica
582:Calochortus pulchellus
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378:Mount Diablo Coalfield
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181:37.95028°N 121.85694°W
115:Show map of California
60:U.S. Historic district
1832:National Park Service
1812:Contributing property
1535:Preserves/open spaces
719:National Park Service
620:Masticophis lateralis
588:Helianthella castanea
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530:Pittsburg, California
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2306:Mining in California
2187:District of Columbia
1731:Eastshore State Park
1252:. December 30, 2016.
755:"Cultural Resources"
594:Hesperolinon breweri
186:37.95028; -121.85694
2311:Antioch, California
1547:Black Diamond Mines
177: /
154:Antioch, California
43:Black Diamond Mines
1190:2017-02-23 at the
1142:Rose Hill Cemetery
1044:2017-02-24 at the
935:Professional Paper
860:California Geology
627:2016 land donation
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536:10 short tons (1.6
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459:Rose Hill Cemetery
451:Rose Hill Cemetery
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1817:Historic district
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1405:Dry Creek Pioneer
1265:Parent, T. 2009.
721:. March 13, 2009.
424:San Joaquin River
296:Indigenous People
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16:(Redirected from
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2166:Marshall Islands
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1647:Recreation areas
1621:Wilderness areas
1582:Morgan Territory
1557:Claremont Canyon
1491:Carquinez Strait
1420:Pleasanton Ridge
1395:Diablo Foothills
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2024:North Dakota
1669:Quarry Lakes
1592:Round Valley
1577:Mission Peak
1572:Leona Canyon
1562:Five Canyons
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1542:Bishop Ranch
1521:Point Pinole
1516:Point Isabel
1400:Dublin Hills
1380:Coyote Hills
1297:
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322:Collinsville
314:Mount Diablo
304:tribes, the
299:
260:Mount Diablo
255:
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150:Nearest city
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2376:Sand mining
2180:Other areas
2140:Puerto Rico
1974:Mississippi
1889:Connecticut
1654:Cull Canyon
1628:Las Trampas
1607:Vasco Caves
1567:Huckleberry
1552:Brushy Peak
1506:Miller/Knox
1415:Lake Chabot
1375:Contra Loma
1370:Castle Rock
1234:October 21,
975:January 16,
866:October 18,
813:October 19,
789:October 17,
764:October 17,
416:Judsonville
404:Somersville
400:Nortonville
210:CHISL
184: /
172:121°51′25″W
160:Coordinates
2270:Categories
2089:Washington
2009:New Mexico
2004:New Jersey
1879:California
1700:Iron Horse
1659:Don Castro
1511:Oyster Bay
1469:Shorelines
1430:Ridgelands
1170:August 24,
695:References
663:diphtheria
560:Recreation
475:and fire.
436:Sacramento
2099:Wisconsin
2064:Tennessee
1969:Minnesota
1944:Louisiana
1612:Waterbird
1481:Big Break
1390:Del Valle
951:2330-7102
910:cite book
689:sandstone
318:Pittsburg
302:Bay Miwok
280:chaparral
169:37°57′1″N
75: 932
2255:Category
2084:Virginia
2034:Oklahoma
2014:New York
1989:Nebraska
1979:Missouri
1964:Michigan
1954:Maryland
1939:Kentucky
1919:Illinois
1894:Delaware
1884:Colorado
1874:Arkansas
1445:Temescal
1207:Archived
1188:Archived
1164:Archived
1124:Archived
1096:Archived
1073:April 7,
1067:Archived
1042:Archived
1024:July 12,
1018:Archived
673:See also
659:smallpox
440:Stockton
204:91001425
2201:Related
2104:Wyoming
2079:Vermont
1984:Montana
1924:Indiana
1904:Georgia
1899:Florida
1869:Arizona
1859:Alabama
1674:Roberts
1496:Hayward
1425:Redwood
1365:Briones
1300:website
902:3543105
599:kit fox
525:Oakland
344:Geology
310:Concord
306:Chupcan
286:History
2039:Oregon
1994:Nevada
1934:Kansas
1909:Hawaii
1864:Alaska
1800:Topics
1688:Trails
1633:Ohlone
1587:Sibley
1450:Tilden
1014:Sfgate
970:SFGATE
949:
900:
890:
661:, and
568:, the
490:wives.
278:, and
71:
2171:Palau
2069:Texas
1949:Maine
1914:Idaho
1709:Other
1638:Sunol
1410:Garin
1348:Parks
856:(PDF)
636:Notes
2125:Guam
2074:Utah
2029:Ohio
1929:Iowa
1236:2022
1172:2011
1075:2020
1026:2013
977:2024
947:ISSN
916:link
898:OCLC
888:ISBN
868:2022
815:2022
791:2022
766:2022
741:2012
414:and
396:coal
356:and
254:The
1063:UPI
939:doi
336:or
328:or
262:in
216:932
212:No.
199:No.
73:No.
2272::
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538:×
534:×
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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