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712:. Sharpe had retired from his architectural practice in 1851. He then pursued a career in railway engineering. In 1874, when he was aged 68, he returned to architecture and designed this church which was opened in 1876. The church had used terracotta in a similar fashion to his earliest churches and it can only be assumed that its anachronistic appearance was that he had used a design that he had prepared at least 20 years earlier.
1689:
300:
945:, North Yorkshire. This church was very extensively rebuilt in 1869–71 by William Perkin and his sons of Leeds. Unlike Tickencote there is no record of the church that was replaced. The building contains an extensive and impressive range of genuine romanesque, but these seem to have been largely repositioned. The pews and some other furnishings are in Romanesque revival style. The rebuilding was financed by
38:
123:. This appears to have been historic arch, sourced possibly from an unknown monastic building, Another early example of Romanesque revival is the south porch of North Scarle Church in Lincolnshire. Pevsner suggests that it might be Elizabethan, but late 17th. century seems more likely as the oak door seems to be original and probably of that date.
584:
The early years of the 1840s saw a considerable upsurge of interest in the developing
Romanesque revival style by some of the leading architects of the period. During the 19th century the architecture selected for Anglican churches depended on the churchmanship of particular congregations. Whereas
58:
or round arched style. In
Britain the style was introduced by architects and their patrons, who had been on tours in Europe and it appears that the German and British styles of Romanesque developed largely independently. Initially in Britain the style was used for church building, but as the 19th.
1420:
Lochawe, Agyll and Bute is an extraordinary early 20th century church on the shore of Loch Awe, built by Walter
Douglas Campbell, brother of the 1st Lord Blythswood, was started in 1881, but not completed until 1930. The kirk is largely Romanesque in style, but is also mixed with other completely
498:
This statement suggests that at the time of its design Losh was not aware of Thomas
Rickman’s re-classification of Saxon and Norman architecture. While the appearance and layout of the church may be considered as Romanesque, her free interpretation of the decoration on the woodwork and the arched
1703:
church built in the tradition of
Waterhouse, using red terracotta brickwork. The design was won by competition in 1889 and the church was built between 1891 and 1894 by the Newcastle architects RJ Johnson and A Crawford Hick. The style is a hybrid of Italian, French and German Romanesque and the
193:
arch appears to have been close to collapse. Cockerell encased the chancel, keeping the arch in position but the outer walls were completely re-built and the exterior ornamentation of arcades and round headed windows were replaced in new stonework. A new tower over a porch was built on the south
1509:
and opened the way for the
Romanesque style to be used for other buildings, apart from churches. Waterhouse tended to mix the architectural styles, often using decorative Romanesque arches to provide impressive entrances for his buildings, and popularised the deep red terracotta produced by
198:
was completely re-built using some new romanesque mot is and copying others, such as the engaged columns, from those on the exterior of the chancel. This style of
Romanesque revival architecture is very similar to the style that emerges in the 1840s under architectects such as
1663:
terracotta for the
Lincoln Christ's Hospital Girls School of 1893. An earlier building by Watkins of 1873, was originally built as a warehouse at 42 Silver Street, Lincoln. This uses artificial stone for Romanesque columns and arches to embellish the frontage.
442:, a Welsh architect, who would have been familiar with Hopper’s work at Penrhyn, who developed Romanesque Revival church architecture. Penson was influenced by French and Belgian Romanesque architecture, and particularly the earlier Romanesque phase of German
59:
century progressed it was adapted for public buildings, museums, schools and commercial buildings, but rarely for domestic buildings. By the start of the 20th. century it had gone out of fashion and only occasionally were examples of the style built.
551:
397:
The Neo-Norman style did not catch on for domestic buildings, though many country houses and mock castles were built in the Castle Gothic or
Castellated style during the Victorian period, which were mixed Gothic styles.
45:
In the United
Kingdom it started to appear as an architectural style in the 18th. century but reached its greatest popularity in the mid to latter years of the 19th. century. The style can be viewed as a strand of
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The Romanesque revival was also a style of architecture that appealed to Jewish communities and there are examples of Synagogues in this style. One of these is the synagogue built adjacent to the docks at
1748:
In the 20th.century the use of the Romanesque revival style in church architecture appears to be restricted to brick built churches and often these churches have similarities with churches built in the
1090:
896:
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of the period were often built in the Romanesque Revival style. The architects specialising in Romanesque revival took their designs from different local styles of the European Romanesque.
1897:
in his many writings and he was using the term by 1950 in his Broadcast Talks (page 190) to describe architecture and designs based closely on illustrations of actual buildings or objects.
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An even later example of the style is St Francis, Linden Road, Bournville, consecrated in 1925. This church was designed by Harvey and Wicks, the architects of the Bournville Estate
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872:
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styles of architecture that became popular in both Europe and Britain during the 19th. century. Early examples of the style in Germany of the 1820s and 1830s are referred to as
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and built between 1841 and 1842. Losh had travelled widely on the Continent and particularly in Italy and drew inspiration from Romanesque sources. Losh is known to have read
1150:
162:. While it gives the impression of a Romanesque revival church, with a massive crossing tower and round headed windows, yet it also has windows with gothic tracery and a
119:, but this was little more than restoration work. More surprising is the west door of Kenilworth Church, inserted in the tower in 1570 probably at the time of a visit of
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was largely Romanesque in the British Isles and came to be described as Norman rather than Saxon. This distinction was finally recognised when Rickman’s article in
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with information. However, Sharpe despite being an architectural historian of some note, built churches that were much freer interpretations of the Romanesque and
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can be considered to be similar to that of Thomas Penson, based on the English and French Romanesque traditions. An early example is his church of St Nicholas at
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The earliest example of Romanesque revival architecture in Scotland is the West Kirk, Sandgate, Ayr. By the architect William Gale for the Presbyterian
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At Eastnor Smirke combines a rugged Romanesque with more subtle Gothic window tracery. The elements of Eastnor are further developed about 1840 at
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1753:, which became more popular in the early years of the 20th century. Churches in the Romanesque revival style include All Saints, Bute Avenue,
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turned out to be little more than rectangular 'preaching boxes'… with no frills and little ornamentation; and many of them were later enlarged
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and built in 1844–45. The columns used for the windows are very similar to those used by Edmund Sharpe at Scotford church. In Scotland the
1270:
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to produce decorative Romanesque mouldings, saving on the expense of stonework. Penson’s last church in the Romanesque Revival style was
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decoration over the entrance door. Central crossing tower and arcaded windows on the west frontis approached through a stone Romanesque
805:
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area of North-East Wales. This included parts of the Prudential Insurance building in London and the entrance to Strangeways Prison.
181:
A further example of church building in the Romanesque revival style took place in 1792 when Elisa Wingfield commissioned plans from
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in Dorset of 1845–46. This has a heavy crossing tower and in many respects resembles the Church of St. James the Great at Morpeth.
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1359:, the Mint Lane Baptist Chapel in Lincoln is in a debased Italianate Romanesque revival style but has a surprising tower in the
848:, but the rest of the composition has much more in common with French and Belgian Romanesque. A further church in this style is
840:
in Sicily, was built between 1844 and 1846. The unusual arched gate is acceptably Sicilian in inspiration and is similar to the
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for the style brought into Italy from the early Christian churches of Constantinople, and she described St Mary's as being an
354:
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in the apse and a multi-coloured marble font with Romanesque arcading. The interior columns of the basilica have ornamental
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churches and they are often referred to as churches rather than chapels. This form of architecture was often chosen by the
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629:. He was awarded a travelling scholarship to study the early architecture of Germany and Southern France and supplied
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in Wiltshire, built in 1842–44. Here the chancel terminates in an apse and the west has overlapping arcading and
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in Yorkshire St Martin’s Church was re-built for Richard Arundell in 1745. The church has been described as a
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combines the Castellated gothic style of Eastnor with a Romanesque entrance arch and Romanesque windows.
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in its use of arched windows and the entrance door. A Baptist Chapel of 1870 by the Lincoln architects
471:
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in Hertfordshire. Proctor added a neo-Norman gatehouse, summerhouse and curtain wall to the site of a
249:
1757:, Richmond-upon-Thames. This Romanesque revival church was designed by J Kelly and completed in 1908.
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207:. Tickencote could be considered to mark the start of the Romanesque revival in church architecture.
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1425:. Here the 1739 church was rebuilt in 1899 by architect George Fortune in Romanesque Revival style.
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2489:
The Terracotta Revival: Building Innovation and the Industrial City in Britain and Northern America
2183:
1823:
1506:
626:
455:
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An Attempt to Discriminate the Styles of English Architecture from the Conquest to the Reformation
261:
Front entrance to Eastnor Castle, Herefordshire, combining Romanesque and Gothic features, 1812–20
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It was at this point that the Norman Revival became a recognisable architectural style. In 1817
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in Kensington, which was built between 1873 and 1881. It was built in shades of buff coloured
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of the 1880s is similar in bright red brick and was built in the 1880s. It is noticeably more
1331:
chapels. Possibly this was intended to give the impression that they were churches similar to
173:
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Waterhouse inspired other architects to build using terracotta and this material was used by
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62:
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1982:
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446:. At St David’s Newtown, 1843–47 and St Agatha’s Llanymynech, 1845, he copies the tower of
391:
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near Bangor in North Wales. This was built for the Pennant family, between 1820 and 1837.
189:
in Rutland. The church which contained much notable Romanesque decoration and an elaborate
8:
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occasionally built in the Romanesque revival style, but only later in the 19th century.
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St Cuthbert's Polish Church, Bedford. Rebuilt 1845–47 by James Woodroffe of Bedford.
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in south Lancaster (1874–6). Sharpe's final essay in the Romanesque Revival style
454:, 1839–1844, and the porch to Langedwyn Church. He was an innovator in the use of
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2004:
1327:
In the 1860s, Romanesque architecture became a popular style of architecture for
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Old Baptist Church in Hertfordshire in 1859. The Baptist Church in Brown Street
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382:. The arches and decorative features to the gatehouse and summerhouse were in
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rather than Norman and examples of buildings with round arched windows include
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A window of St Mary's Church, surrounded with reliefs of shells and pine cones
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in Sweden. The inside is sumptuously decorated with mosaic decoration by Sir
1481:
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614:
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200:
151:
83:
55:
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In Scotland the style started to emerge with the Duke of Argyll’s castle at
142:
In the 18th century the use of round arched windows was thought of as being
2772:
1933:
1855:
1709:
1705:
1422:
1096:
All Saints Church, Grinshill, Doorway 1839–40 by John Carline of Shrewsbury
634:
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223:
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1996:
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684:. The only subsequent churches in which Sharpe used Romanesque elements
580:
Other Early Victorian architects working in the Romanesque revival style
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1340:
1328:
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A more important work by Ferrey is the Church of St James the Great at
689:
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167:
836:, Northumberland. The church, which is supposed to be modelled on the
41:
Church of SS Mary and Nicholas, Wilton, Wiltshire, by TH Wyatt, 1841–4
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See Stratton, 1993, pages 50–52 for a discussion of the early use of
1348:
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and presumably of the polymath and architectural historian Professor
475:
383:
279:
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Another architect who popularised the Romanesque revival style was
211:
112:
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Morpeth, Northumberland, The Church of St James The Great, 1844–46
234:, Berkshire in 1780–79 and the Duke of Norfolk started to rebuild
2361:
Survey of Lincoln, City Building Applications no. 413- 04/03/1873
1793:
1688:
1511:
1381:
841:
676:(1839–40) – were in the Romanesque style, which he chose because
401:
371:
219:
190:
177:
Tickencote Church 1792 Early example of church Romanesque revival
1493:
Ukrainian Catholic Cathedral of the Holy Family in Exile, London
1387:
299:
1660:
1515:
1497:
Interest in Romanesque Revival Architecture was renewed by Sir
104:
99:
took place over a long time in the British Isles starting with
37:
2300:
2152:
138:
St Martin's Church, Allerton Mauleverer. - by John Vardy, 1745
30:
styles of building in the United Kingdom were inspired by the
2364:
1588:
Holborn, Prudential Assurance building, 142 Holborn Bars, EC1
450:, Bruges. Other examples of Romanesque revival by Penson are
430:
Christ Church, Welshpool. Chancel arcade in apse behind altar
370:
An example of Romanesque revival architecture being used for
194:
side, which gave added stability to the older structure. The
143:
2065:
O'Donoghue, F. M. (1897), rev. Geoffrey K. Brandwood (2004)
1836:. Vol. II. London: St Catherine Press. pp. 275–281
1659:, a Lincoln architect who very successfully used a deep red
470:
A most remarkable example of Romanesque church building was
1477:
Sir Alfred Waterhouse and developed Romanesque Architecture
1084:
All Saints, Grinshill 1839–40 by John Carline of Shrewsbury
504:
195:
2472:. Buildings of England. New Haven: Yale University Press.
2390:. The Buildings of England (revised ed.). New Haven:
1878:
A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects 1600–1840.
878:
East Grafton - St Nicholas Church chancel and apse 1842–44
499:
stone windows and doors is anticipating the styles of the
2331:
1120:
St Thomas of Canterbury, West Hyde, by Thomas Smith, 1844
1769:
339:
Norman Revival can be recognised in the architecture of
2164:
1967:. The Buildings of Wales. London: Penguin. p. 264.
1940:. National Trust Guide. National Trust. pp. 89–90.
2228:
A Historical Guide to the Church of St James the Great
2035:(3rd ed.). London: John Murray. pp. 170–73.
1944:
1339:. This architecture is an adapted and debased form of
1168:
St Laurence, Upton, Slough, 1850–51 by Benjamin Ferrey
902:
Gateway to The Church of St James the Great in Morpeth
347:
in Armagh in Ireland, but far more successful was his
222:(1771), Oxenfoord (1780–2), Dalquharran (1782–5), and
3221:
Romanesque Revival architecture in the United Kingdom
2519:"St Mary's Church, Wreay, by Sarah Losh (1785-1853)"
1983:"St Mary's Church, Wreay, by Sarah Losh (1785–1853)"
1860:
The Norman Revival in British Architecture 1790–1870
621:
in 1835. At Cambridge he had been a great friend of
496:
most approximates to early Saxon or modified Lombard
2385:
2349:
2311:
2276:
1799:
1624:
Romanesque portal to Strangeways Prison, Manchester
1880:Yale University Press, 3rd. edition London,415-16.
1144:St Andrew, Claxby St Andrew by G R Willoughby 1846
1421:unrelated styles. Another church is Cranshaws in
1404:West Kirk, Sandgate, Ayr, by William Gale 1844–45
1204:Christ Church, Consett, Durham, 1866, by J A Cory
678:no style can be worked so cheap as the Romanesque
166:nave roof. The architect is thought to have been
3212:
1108:St Thomas of Canterbury, West Hyde, Doorway 1844
2444:. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
2439:
2282:"Church of St Michael (Grade I) (1148993)"
2158:
2379:
2144:. Vol. 2 The Rural North. Harmondsworth:
1634:
402:Church architecture and the Romanesque Revival
2541:
1388:Later Romanesque Revival churches in Scotland
1192:St James, Rigsby, near Alford by Fowler, 1863
465:
438:did catch on for church architecture. It was
2467:
2440:Hartwell, Clare; Pevsner, Nikolaus (2009) .
2370:
1811:
2442:Lancashire: North, The Buildings of England
2047:, and also Cambridge Camden Society (1841),
1976:
1974:
1936:(1991). "Penrhryn and the Norman Revival".
1744:St Francis' Church, Linden Road, Bournville
1667:
1156:St Andrew's Church, Claxby (by Alford) 1846
952:
150:in Oxfordshire, Wentworth in Yorkshire and
2548:
2534:
1521:
936:
801:East Grafton - St Nicholas Church, 1842–44
660:Four of Sharpe's earliest churches –
2398:
2386:Antram, N; Pevsner, N; Harris, J (1989).
2170:
2096:
1264:St.Lucia's church, Dembleby, Lincolnshire
569:Inside St Mary's arcaded, apsidal chancel
343:. His first attempt at this style was at
311:Penrhyn Castle, by Thomas Hopper, 1820–37
111:in 1637–38 and work at Windsor Castle by
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1971:
1950:
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1240:Wisley Church, Wisley Lane, Wisley. 1872
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734:Porch, Parish of Christ Church, Chatburn
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79:St. Nicholas, Kenilworth, west door 1570
74:
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36:
16:18th to 19th century architectural style
2240:
2132:
2072:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1962:
1643:Christ's Hospital Girls School, Lincoln
1323:Baptist Church, Brown Street, Salisbury
859:
715:
185:for the conservation and rebuilding of
3213:
2458:
2201:"Church of St. Nicholas, East Grafton"
2120:
2108:
2061:
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1736:Former church of All Saints, Petersham
1298:
474:, near Carlisle. This was designed by
303:GosfordCastle, Armagh by Thomas Hopper
2529:
2027:
1995:
1712:below the eaves was based on that of
1288:St Denys, Pailton, Warwickshire, 1882
1065:
656:St Paul's, Scotforth, doorway, 1874–6
533:South side of St Mary's Church, Wreay
514:
2516:
2001:The Pinecone: the Story of Sara Losh
1980:
1932:
1854:
1822:
1307:Baptist Church, Mint Street, Lincoln
983:Main door of Michael and all Angels
710:an anachronism, almost beyond belief
648:St Mark's Church, Whitton, Blackburn
503:movement, while the arcading of the
66:Aubourn Church, Lincolnshire, 1862–3
2563:in architecture and decorative arts
2225:
2056:
1908:
130:Culzean Castle by Robert Adam, 1771
34:of the 11th and 12th centuries AD.
13:
2287:National Heritage List for England
1829:A History of the County of Rutland
1180:St Paul's Church, Hooton, Cheshire
792:
358:Bennington Lordship Castle Gateway
214:, started in 1744, and castles by
14:
3257:
2510:
2350:Antram, Pevsner & Harris 1989
2312:Antram, Pevsner & Harris 1989
1800:Antram, Pevsner & Harris 1989
1612:St Elisabeths, Reddish, Stockport
782:St Paul's Scotforth, arcaded apse
414:. Romanesque Tower by Penson 1845
374:in 1832 was by George Proctor at
170:surveyor to the Office of Works.
1919:Society of Antiquaries of London
1684:Font at St Aidan's Church, Leeds
1617:
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758:St Paul's Church, Farington Moss
751:
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484:Historical Study of Architecture
331:(1832–33), was published by the
2461:Edmund Sharpe: Man of Lancaster
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2317:
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2219:
2193:
2176:
2126:
2114:
2102:
2090:
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1989:
1956:
1926:
1727:
1228:St John's Church, Charlton 1872
1216:West door, Earl's Croome Church
593:, which were influenced by the
253:Entrance, Devizes Castle c.1840
3246:Victorian architectural styles
2190:churches of Sharpe and Penson.
2079:, Retrieved 18 February 2012 (
2049:A Few Words to Church-builders
1902:
1883:
1870:
1848:
1816:
1805:
1781:
1315:Potters Bar Old Baptist Church
926:Christ Church, Melplash, Doset
662:St Saviour, Bamber Bridge
422:Rhosllanerchrugog Church, 1852
366:Benington Lordship-Summerhouse
242:in Herefordshire was built by
1:
2468:Leach, P; Pevsner, N (2009).
2459:Hughes, John Michael (2010).
2425:(3rd ed.). John Murray.
1763:
1529:
1431:
1374:
1073:
960:
867:
723:
637:and might be considered less
617:, who set up his practice at
545:Main door of St Mary's Church
522:
230:used round arched windows at
187:St Peter's Church, Tickencote
3241:Revival architectural styles
3231:British architectural styles
2399:Brandwood, Geoffrey (2012).
2083:UK public library membership
1826:, ed. (1935). "Tickencote".
1019:St Michael Barton-le-Street
1007:St Michael Barton-le-Street
995:St Michael Barton-le-Street
486:(1815), which uses the term
7:
2380:Sources and further reading
2246:Yorkshire: the North Riding
2205:Wiltshire Community History
2159:Hartwell & Pevsner 2009
1635:Later 19th and 20th century
947:Hugo Francis Meynell-Ingram
770:St Paul's Church, Scotforth
698:St Paul's Church, Scotforth
686:St Mary's Church, Conistone
599:Gothic Revival architecture
492:unpolished mode of building
323:. It was now realised that
269:, where the Bath architect
48:Gothic Revival architecture
10:
3262:
2301:Potters Bar Baptist Church
2067:Sharpe, Edmund (1809–1877)
1891:archaeological correctness
1485:Natural History Museum 001
1466:St Conan's Church, Lochawe
1343:Romanesque as seen at the
1252:St Marys Church Burghfield
941:St Michael and All Angels
466:Sara Losh and Wreay Church
107:of the White Tower of the
87:North Scarle, Lincolnshire
70:
52:Historicist or Historismus
3127:
3111:
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2959:
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2725:
2568:
1651:42 Silver Street, Lincoln
1600:Royal Liverpool Infirmary
1276:Bampton, church at Petton
914:St James' Church, Morpeth
472:St Mary’s Church at Wreay
390:that was manufactured by
3195:Richardsonian Romanesque
2797:Germany, Austria-Hungary
2707:Spanish Colonial Revival
2401:Sharpe, Paley and Austin
2371:Leach & Pevsner 2009
2250:The Buildings of England
2184:architectural terracotta
2142:The Buildings of England
1938:Penrhryn Castle, Gwynedd
1812:Leach & Pevsner 2009
1724:in the Byzantine style.
1697:St Aidan's Church, Leeds
1692:St Aidan's Church, Leeds
1676:St Aidan's Church, Leeds
1668:St Aidan's Church, Leeds
1353:archaeologically correct
1055:Barton-le-Street Church
1031:Barton-le-Street Church
971:Barton-le-Street Church
953:Barton le Street Gallery
890:East Grafton - Lych Gate
639:archaeologically correct
452:Christ Church, Welshpool
448:St. Salvator's Cathedral
337:archaeologically correct
282:archaeologically correct
246:between 1812 and 1820.
3103:Serbo-Byzantine Revival
3065:Russian Empire and USSR
2988:National Romantic style
2914:Black-and-white Revival
2077:Oxford University Press
1834:Victoria County History
1751:Byzantine revival style
1522:Buildings by Waterhouse
1454:St Conan's Kirk Lochawe
1442:Cranshaws Parish Church
1043:Barton-le-Street Church
937:William Perkin of Leeds
746:Christ Church, Chatburn
694:St Paul, Scotforth
670:St Paul, Farington
380:Motte-and-bailey castle
325:round-arch architecture
91:The development of the
32:Romanesque architecture
3236:Edwardian architecture
3185:Polish cathedral style
3150:Dutch Colonial Revival
2870:Indo-Saracenic Revival
2517:Banerjee, Jacqueline.
2470:Yorkshire, West Riding
1981:Banerjee, Jacqueline.
1909:Rickman, Thomas. "'".
1745:
1737:
1693:
1685:
1677:
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1564:Natural History Museum
1552:Natural History Museum
1540:Natural History Museum
1510:manufacturer's in the
1503:Natural History Museum
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3226:Architectural history
3170:Mediterranean Revival
3024:Soft Portuguese style
2967:Traditionalist School
2392:Yale University Press
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3135:American Renaissance
3077:Neoclassical Revival
2778:Louis Philippe style
2487:Stratton, M (1993).
2403:. English Heritage.
1866:University of Oxford
1576:Manchester town hall
860:Romanesque by Ferrey
844:at the cathedral at
716:Romanesque by Sharpe
666:St Mark, Witton
392:James Pulham and Son
3200:Territorial Revival
2783:Second Empire style
2655:Renaissance Revival
2493:Victor Gollancz Ltd
2207:. Wiltshire Council
2148:. pp. 29, 224.
1963:Hubbard, E (1986).
1893:was popularised by
1396:Cranshaws Kirk door
1299:Chapel architecture
700:, was described by
635:German Brick Gothic
601:; low churches and
226:(1792). In England
156:Allerton Mauleverer
2900:Romanesque Revival
2890:Queen Anne Revival
2712:Swiss chalet style
2682:Romanesque Revival
2423:The Gothic Revival
2327:. Britain Express.
2226:Tweddle, Marilyn.
2033:The Gothic Revival
1746:
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2930:Mycenaean Revival
2905:Scottish Baronial
2855:Edwardian Baroque
2850:Bristol Byzantine
2819:Nazi architecture
2616:French Provincial
2451:978-0-300-12667-9
2410:978-1-84802-049-8
2373:, pp. 525–7.
2340:, pp. 70–77.
2325:"St Conan's Kirk"
2252:. Harmondsworth:
2242:Pevsner, Nikolaus
2134:Pevsner, Nikolaus
2081:(subscription or
1876:Colvin H. (2008)
1790:, 12 January 2016
1778:, pp. 54–56.
1632:
1631:
1499:Alfred Waterhouse
1474:
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1384:in Lincolnshire.
1370:Grimsby Synagogue
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3056:Romanian Revival
2976:Nordic countries
2865:Georgian Revival
2860:Egyptian Revival
2768:Directoire style
2743:Louis XIII style
2611:Egyptian Revival
2606:Carpenter Gothic
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3038:
3037:
3035:
3031:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3014:Neo-Manueline
3012:
3011:
3009:
3005:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2980:
2978:
2974:
2968:
2965:
2964:
2962:
2958:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2943:
2941:
2937:
2931:
2928:
2927:
2925:
2921:
2915:
2911:
2910:Tudor Revival
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2885:Neo-Palladian
2883:
2881:
2878:
2874:British India
2873:
2872:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2842:
2840:
2838:Great Britain
2836:
2830:
2829:Rundbogenstil
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2801:
2799:
2795:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2763:Neoclassicism
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2730:
2728:
2724:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2687:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2671:
2670:Palazzo style
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2657:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2650:New Classical
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2635:Mayan Revival
2633:
2631:
2627:
2626:Greek Revival
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2601:Neo-Byzantine
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2573:
2571:
2569:International
2567:
2562:
2558:
2551:
2546:
2544:
2539:
2537:
2532:
2531:
2528:
2520:
2515:
2514:
2504:
2498:
2494:
2490:
2485:
2481:
2475:
2471:
2466:
2462:
2457:
2453:
2447:
2443:
2438:
2434:
2428:
2424:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2406:
2402:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2384:
2383:
2372:
2367:
2358:
2351:
2346:
2339:
2338:Stratton 1993
2334:
2326:
2320:
2313:
2308:
2302:
2297:
2289:
2288:
2283:
2279:
2273:
2265:
2263:0-14-071029-9
2259:
2255:
2254:Penguin Books
2251:
2247:
2243:
2237:
2229:
2222:
2206:
2202:
2196:
2189:
2185:
2179:
2173:, p. 47.
2172:
2167:
2160:
2155:
2147:
2146:Penguin Books
2143:
2139:
2135:
2129:
2123:, p. 125
2122:
2117:
2111:, p. 116
2110:
2105:
2098:
2093:
2084:
2078:
2074:
2073:
2068:
2062:
2060:
2052:
2050:
2044:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2024:
2016:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1992:
1984:
1977:
1975:
1966:
1959:
1953:, p. 13.
1952:
1951:Stratton 1993
1947:
1939:
1935:
1934:Mowl, Timothy
1929:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1905:
1899:
1896:
1892:
1886:
1879:
1873:
1867:
1861:
1857:
1856:Mowl, Timothy
1851:
1835:
1831:
1830:
1825:
1824:Page, William
1819:
1813:
1808:
1801:
1796:
1789:
1784:
1777:
1776:Stratton 1993
1772:
1768:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1752:
1742:
1734:
1725:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1702:
1699:is a massive
1698:
1690:
1682:
1674:
1665:
1662:
1658:
1649:
1641:
1620:
1615:
1608:
1603:
1596:
1591:
1584:
1579:
1572:
1567:
1560:
1555:
1548:
1543:
1536:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1527:
1519:
1517:
1513:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1491:
1483:
1462:
1457:
1450:
1445:
1438:
1433:
1432:
1430:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1419:
1415:
1414:Presbyterians
1411:
1402:
1394:
1385:
1383:
1368:
1364:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1321:
1313:
1305:
1284:
1279:
1272:
1267:
1260:
1255:
1248:
1243:
1236:
1231:
1224:
1219:
1212:
1207:
1200:
1195:
1188:
1183:
1176:
1171:
1164:
1159:
1152:
1147:
1140:
1135:
1128:
1123:
1116:
1111:
1104:
1099:
1092:
1087:
1080:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1071:
1051:
1046:
1039:
1034:
1027:
1022:
1015:
1010:
1003:
998:
991:
986:
979:
974:
967:
962:
961:
959:
958:
950:
948:
944:
922:
917:
910:
905:
898:
893:
886:
881:
874:
869:
868:
866:
865:
857:
855:
851:
850:Christ Church
847:
843:
839:
835:
830:
828:
824:
820:
816:
807:
799:
778:
773:
766:
761:
754:
749:
742:
737:
730:
725:
724:
722:
721:
713:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
654:
646:
642:
640:
636:
632:
628:
627:Robert Willis
624:
620:
616:
615:Edmund Sharpe
609:Edmund Sharpe
606:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
587:high churches
565:
560:
553:
548:
541:
536:
529:
524:
523:
521:
520:
512:
510:
506:
502:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
463:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
440:Thomas Penson
437:
434:However, the
428:
420:
413:
408:
399:
395:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
364:
356:
352:
350:
346:
342:
341:Thomas Hopper
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
309:
301:
292:
283:
277:
274:
272:
268:
259:
251:
247:
245:
244:Robert Smirke
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
208:
206:
202:
201:Thomas Penson
197:
192:
188:
184:
175:
171:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
152:Enmore Castle
149:
145:
136:
128:
124:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
85:
77:
64:
60:
57:
56:Rundbogenstil
53:
49:
39:
35:
33:
29:
25:
21:
3165:Jeffersonian
2983:Dragon style
2899:
2824:Resort style
2788:Belle Époque
2773:Empire style
2660:Châteauesque
2645:Neoclassical
2488:
2469:
2460:
2441:
2422:
2400:
2388:Lincolnshire
2387:
2366:
2357:
2345:
2333:
2319:
2307:
2296:
2285:
2272:
2245:
2236:
2227:
2221:
2209:. Retrieved
2204:
2195:
2187:
2178:
2166:
2154:
2137:
2128:
2116:
2104:
2092:
2070:
2048:
2032:
2023:
2000:
1997:Uglow, Jenny
1991:
1964:
1958:
1946:
1937:
1928:
1914:
1911:Archaeologia
1910:
1904:
1890:
1885:
1877:
1872:
1864:PhD Thesis,
1859:
1850:
1838:. Retrieved
1828:
1818:
1807:
1795:
1788:Country Life
1787:
1783:
1771:
1759:
1747:
1728:20th century
1710:stringcourse
1706:Corbel table
1695:
1654:
1496:
1423:Berwickshire
1407:
1378:
1352:
1345:Potter's Bar
1326:
940:
831:
819:East Grafton
813:The work of
812:
709:
705:
692:(1846); and
681:
677:
659:
638:
612:
583:
511:feel to it.
495:
491:
487:
483:
469:
444:Brick Gothic
435:
433:
396:
386:, a form of
369:
336:
329:Archaeologia
328:
324:
320:
314:
281:
275:
264:
224:Seton Palace
209:
180:
159:
141:
96:
92:
90:
44:
27:
23:
19:
18:
3119:Neo-Mudéjar
3019:Neo-Mudéjar
2960:Netherlands
2809:Gründerzeit
2804:Biedermeier
2581:Art Nouveau
2557:Historicism
2211:27 November
2121:Hughes 2010
2109:Hughes 2010
1708:or moulded
1410:Free Church
1361:castellated
664:(1836–37);
480:Thomas Hope
412:Llanymynech
410:St Agatha,
228:James Wyatt
216:Robert Adam
101:Inigo Jones
3215:Categories
3160:Greco Deco
2880:Jacobethan
2814:Jugendstil
2717:Vernacular
2665:Italianate
2596:Beaux-Arts
2561:Revivalism
2491:. London:
2432:0719502330
2230:. Morpeth.
2138:Lancashire
2042:0719502330
2003:. London:
1921:: 159–185.
1764:References
1507:terracotta
1375:Synagogues
1341:Italianate
1329:Dissenting
690:Wharfedale
456:terracotta
388:Cast stone
284:Romanesque
168:John Vardy
164:hammerbeam
117:Charles II
97:Neo-Norman
28:Neo-Norman
3087:Stalinist
2845:Adamesque
2085:required)
1755:Petersham
1349:Salisbury
827:Lych gate
619:Lancaster
509:Byzantine
488:Lombardic
476:Sara Losh
384:Pulhamite
3007:Portugal
2695:European
2630:Neo-Grec
2576:Art Deco
2421:(1962).
2244:(1966).
2136:(1969).
2031:(1962).
1999:(2012).
1923:esp. 166
1858:(1981).
1722:capitals
1701:basilica
1337:Baptists
1333:Anglican
854:Melplash
846:Monreale
238:, while
212:Inverary
113:Hugh May
3049:Romania
2895:Regency
2186:in the
1840:19 June
1512:Wrexham
1382:Grimsby
842:portico
834:Morpeth
823:chevron
680:. They
674:Leyland
672:, near
372:follies
220:Culzean
191:chancel
71:Origins
3096:Serbia
3033:Poland
2923:Greece
2726:France
2690:French
2499:
2476:
2448:
2429:
2407:
2260:
2039:
2011:
1661:Ruabon
1516:Ruabon
394:.
288:": -->
93:Norman
3112:Spain
2951:Milan
2939:Italy
1965:Clwyd
704:as a
494:that
144:Saxon
2559:and
2497:ISBN
2474:ISBN
2446:ISBN
2427:ISBN
2405:ISBN
2258:ISBN
2213:2015
2037:ISBN
2009:ISBN
1842:2017
1514:and
708:and
589:and
505:apse
290:edit
203:and
196:nave
115:for
2188:pot
1915:XXV
1501:'s
852:in
688:in
482:'s
218:at
103:‘s
26:or
3217::
2912:/
2628:/
2495:.
2284:.
2280:.
2248:.
2203:.
2140:.
2075:,
2069:,
2058:^
1973:^
1917:.
1913:.
1832:.
949:.
829:.
641:.
22:,
2549:e
2542:t
2535:v
2505:.
2482:.
2454:.
2435:.
2413:.
2394:.
2290:.
2266:.
2215:.
2087:)
2053:.
2045:.
2017:.
1862:.
1844:.
294:]
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