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217:, according to book historian Peter Haining. The outcome was the creation of the “metamorphoses” format, “a thin book of four sections each with two flaps which folded over, and on each section an interchangeable picture. Beneath those pictures appeared some descriptive lines of verse, and as the reader turned up the flaps in the correct order in the text difference scenes were revealed.”
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By late 1770, Sayer had published four turn-up or metamorphosis books, which became a "craze with children." Rival booksellers, such as Thomas Hughes and George Martin soon copied the "turn-up" format. In the United States, Joseph
Rakestraw published "Metamorphosis; or, a Transformation of Pictures,
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Brook House asylum in
Clapton. Sayer would seek to dissolve the partnership in 1785 based on Bennett's mental condition. Bennett later died in 1787. Upon the partnership dissolution, the business was renamed Sayer & Co. or Robert Sayer & Co., probably a reference to his assistants Robert
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depicts Robert Sayer, his son, James, from his first marriage, and his second wife, Alice
Longfield (née Tilson). Behind the family group is the substantial villa on Richmond Hill overlooking the River Thames, built for Sayer between 1777 and 1780 to the designs of William Eves, a little-known
292:, and their three eldest (of ten) children. The third child was born at the house. Having fallen into disrepair, the house was demolished in 1970 when it was unknown that it had been built for Sayer and that it had subsequently been the home of a future king of Great Britain.
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John
Bennett, who began as a servant to Sayer in 1760, and later an apprentice (1765) and a free journeyman (1774), eventually partnered with Sayer with one-third share in the Fleet Street business. The business traded as Sayer & Bennett. In 1781, Bennett was admitted to
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RA, and sold prints from the engravings. In this way, he helped to secure
Zoffany's international reputation. Sayer and the artist became longstanding friends as well as business associates. In 1781 Zoffany painted Robert Sayer in an important ‘conversation piece’.
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the printseller. Sayer became her assistant, being called manager of the Golden Buck by 1748, and in this way gradually took over the existing
Overton business as a going concern.
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architect and property developer. From 1794, after Robert Sayer's death, the house was the country residence for three years of the Duke of
Clarence (later King
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228:. The black and white publications, which were also called Harlequinades or turn-up books, sold for sixpence and the hand-colored ones for one shilling.
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130:(1725–1794) was a leading publisher and seller of prints, maps and maritime charts in Georgian Britain. He was based near the Golden Buck on 53
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Hudibras
Vanquished by Trulla (Twelve Large Illustrations for Samuel Butler's Hudibras, Plate 5) MET DP826950, Artist, William Hogarth.
242:, published in 1772. Academic Dr. Jacqueline Reid-Walsh has located eleven of Sayer's "harlequinades" in the rare book collections of
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About 1765, Robert Sayer began experimenting with a novelty format for the juvenile book market, an early forerunner to
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747:"Eighteenth-Century Flap Books for Children: Allegorical Metamorphosis and Spectacular Transformation"
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Sayer organised the engraving of paintings by some leading artists of the day, most importantly
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plates and sold prints at prices that undercut those of
Hogarth's widow and printseller,
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Sayers published at least fifteen such titles between 1766 and 1772. Theater historian
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174:(1775), which included important charts made by the great circumnavigator and explorer
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with
Poetical Explanations, for the Amusement of Young Persons," by Benjamin Sands.
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Johan Zoffany RA and The Sayer Family of Richmond: A Masterpiece of Conversation
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Originally called “metamorphosis”, Sayer would create books featuring the “
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Sayer's brother James married the widowed Mary Overton, daughter-in-law of
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Comparison of two of Benjamin Sands' transformation books- Metamorphosis
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Sayer published atlases and other cartographic works, publishing the
560:"A Checklist of Catalogues of British Print Publishers c. 1650-1830"
808:. C.N. Potter; distributed by Crown Publishers. pp. 129–130.
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Metamorphosis (a Harlequinades booklet), 1814 by Benjamin Sands
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Samuel Boulton's 1787 map of Africa, published by Robert Sayer
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Sayer also had an "almost complete set of copies" of painter
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noted that Sayers published at least sixteen titles.
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and James Whittle, both of whom had worked for him.
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Harlequin Cherokee, or, The Indian chiefs in London
498:"John Bennett, Collections Online | British Museum"
440:"Robert Sayer, Collections Online | British Museum"
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Harlequin Cherokee; or, The Indian Chiefs in London
683:Speaight, George (1991). "Harlequinade Turn-Ups".
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300:On his death, Sayer's business was taken over by
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331:A New Book of Ornaments, MET DP270225, pre-1753.
103:Dorothy Carlos (or Careless) (m.1754, d.1774)
531:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
470:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
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238:Titles Sayer printed and published include
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805:The collector's book of children's books
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528:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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355:David Garrick by Charles Spooner, 1761.
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610:Movable books: an illustrated history
414:"Robert Sayer (Biographical details)"
367:Ladies Amusement, MET DP285711, 1760.
270:The Sayer Family of Richmond painting
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464:Clayton, Timothy. "Overton family".
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779:10.25290/prinunivlibrchro.68.3.0751
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525:Fisher, Susanna. "Sayer, Robert".
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835:"Circle of Johann Zoffany, R.A."
655:. Scarecrow Press. p. xiv.
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745:Reid-Walsh, Jacqueline (2007).
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416:. Britishmuseum.org. 1920-05-18
193:Harlequinades and turn-up books
105:Alice Tilson Longfield (m.1780)
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16:British engraver and publisher
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380:Accurate Map of North America
254:in Bloomington, Indiana, the
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484:UK public library membership
281:The Sayer Family of Richmond
244:Cambridge University Library
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908:British publishers (people)
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558:Griffiths, Antony (1984).
159:Laurie and James Whittle.
649:Montanaro, Ann R (1993).
320:Published by Robert Sayer
248:Cotsen Children's Library
215:interactive movable books
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607:Haining, Peter (1979).
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92:Harlequinade publisher
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172:North American Pilot
51:Sunderland, England
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662:978-0-8108-2650-2
620:978-0-450-03949-2
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128:Robert Sayer
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35:portrait by
23:Robert Sayer
888:1794 deaths
883:1725 births
691:(2): 70–82.
570:(1): 9–10.
168:Samuel Dunn
80:Occupations
72:Nationality
877:Categories
547:required.)
486:required.)
420:2014-04-30
400:References
290:Mrs Jordan
286:William IV
226:pantomimes
222:Harlequins
166:(1774) of
113:son, James
814:577286008
771:0032-8456
730:ignored (
720:cite book
576:0265-8305
100:Spouse(s)
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388:See also
110:Children
89:engraver
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258:in the
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288:) and
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843:9 May
775:JSTOR
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668:9 May
634:9 May
580:JSTOR
296:Death
845:2021
821:2021
810:OCLC
786:2021
767:ISSN
732:help
712:2021
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657:ISBN
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625:OCLC
615:ISBN
591:2021
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58:Died
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44:Born
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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