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368:, which is considered his most notable architectural achievement. He was chosen as architect for the Roman Catholic cathedral in 1853; construction began in 1858, and the cathedral opened in May 1879. The cathedral is the most ambitious Gothic-style structure, and includes a mixture of German, French, and English Gothic influences.
221:
Renwick was not formally trained as an architect, but his ability and interest in building design were nurtured through his cultivated upbringing, which granted him early exposure to travel, and through a broad cultural education that included architectural history. He learned most of his skills from
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By 1852, he had come to
Fredericksburg, VA -- a small city 50 miles south of Washington -- to design and build a courthouse building which still stands. He got into a dispute with the City Council, which then paid Renwick his $ 27,000 fee. The City then built the courthouse using his plans and
527:
In the late 1850s, already well-established, Renwick temporarily partnered with
Richard T. Auchmoty. In the 1860s and 1870s, a few of Renwick's commissions are credited as Renwick & Sands. These indicate Renwick's short-lived partnership with architect Joseph Sands (? – 1879), and include
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After
Renwick's death in 1895, the immediate successor organization was called Renwick, Aspinwall & Renwick, then Renwick, Aspinwall & Owen, with the addition of Walter Tallent Owen (1864-1902). In 1904, it became known as Renwick, Aspinwall & Tucker, then
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One constant in the firm was J. Lawrence
Aspinwall (1854–1936), who started to work for Renwick in 1875, practiced in the firm more than 60 years, was a firm partner from 1880 to 1925, and became an AIA Fellow in 1914. Aspinwall was the cousin of Renwick's wife Anna.
547:(1856–1907), Renwick's grand nephew. Upon his graduation, Russell became a protégé of his great uncle, who designed the chapter house of Russell's fraternity, St. Anthony Hall, at 25 East 28th Street, New York in 1878, the same year Renwick completed
519:. Renwick endorsed the idea and offered to provide drawings, plans, and illustrations for the project. Smith gratefully accepted, and the firm of Renwick, Aspinwall & Russell spent six months completing their contribution.
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Selma
Rattner research papers on James Renwick, 1856-2001 (bulk 1960s-2001) Held in the Dept. of Drawings & Archives, Avery Architectural & Fine Arts Library, Columbia University, New York City
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440:
in 1990 that, "Old photographs show a high stoop arrangement with the figure of an owl on the peaked roof and a plaque with the Greek letters Delta Psi over the windowless chapter room. In 1879, The
551:. It is likely Russell contributed work to both his fraternity's first chapter house as well as the cathedral during his apprenticeship with Renwick. Russell departed in 1894 to co-found
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and for a few years the original building was kept as a clubhouse for graduate members. At that time a newspaper account described it as a "perfect Bijou of tasteful decoration".
618:. He began his apprenticeship at Renwick, Aspinwall and Russell in 1884, and his apprenticeship ended in 1891 when he won a national design competition for St. Matthew's in
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on
November 11, 1818, to a wealthy and well-educated family. His mother, Margaret Brevoort, was from a wealthy and socially prominent New York City family. His father,
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477:. Renwick was the supervising architect for the Commission of Charities and Correction. A small group of Renwick's architectural drawings and papers are held by the
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James
Renwick and James Renwick, Jr. architectural drawings and papers, circa 1813-1960, held by the Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library, Columbia University
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who was building luxury hotels in the historic city at the time. Renwick and his wife Anna
Aspinwall lived and owned property in the lighthouse area on
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in New York City – June 23, 1895, in New York City) was an
American architect in the 19th century, noted especially for designing churches and museums.
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1652:, an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Renwick Jr. (see index)
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in the
Victorian Gothic style, and many mansions for the wealthy of the area, including the Peter Aims-Aimes house, known as "Martinstow", in
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The Catholic Church in the United States of America: Undertaken to Celebrate the Golden Jubilee of His Holiness, Pope Pius X. V. 1-3 ..
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Renwick received his first major commission at the age of twenty-five in 1843, in which he won a competitive bidding process to design
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Built between 1847 and 1855, the Smithsonian's many-turreted building, often referred to as "the Castle", was designed in
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at Lexington Avenue and 23rd Street in New York City. It was one of the first Gothic Revival college buildings on the
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and 44th Street in New York City (since demolished), the All Saints' Roman Catholic Church (1882–1893) in
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style, as requested by the Smithsonian's Board of Regents, and was built with red sandstone quarried at
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Rhinelander Gardens, 110-124 West 11th Street, NYC, a three-story above raised basement row of houses (
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in New York City in 1869, and the former New York City Public Charities Building (since razed) at 66
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style then near the end of its popularity." In 1899, the fraternity moved to a new chapter house on
214:, was an engineer, architect, and professor of natural philosophy at Columbia College, which is now
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From 1878 to 1894, the firm was known as Renwick, Aspinwall & Russell, with the partnership of
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and subsequently served as supervisor on Croton Reservoir, serving as an assistant engineer on the
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In 1870, the current church sanctuary was built. Designed by Renwick and Sands of New York City
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After graduating from Columbia College, Renwick took a position as a structural engineer with
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New York 1960: Architecture and Urbanism Between the Second World War and the Bicentennial
622:. His first years with Renwick's firm partly coincided with Russell's first years, below.
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Several of Renwick's employees protégés became influential architects, including:
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style. Other works by Renwick include the first major buildings on the campus of
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1281:"Design and Prospectus for a National Gallery of History of Art at Washington"
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of the western facade of St. Patrick's Cathedral, by James Renwick, architect
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Design and Prospectus for a National Gallery of History of Art at Washington
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334:. The Smithsonian Institution Building proved influential in inspiring the
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Among his other designs were banks, the Charity and Smallpox Hospitals on
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1263:"Streetscapes: Readers' Questions; Of Consulates, Stores and Town Houses"
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calls him "one of the most successful American architects of his time".
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The floors above street level of First St. Anthony Hall Chapter House
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In 1849, Renwick designed the Free Academy Building at present-day
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his father, and then studied engineering at Columbia College, now
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White, Norval; Willensky, Elliot; Leadon, Fran (June 9, 2010).
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Stern, Robert A. M.; Mellins, Thomas; Fishman, David (1995).
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Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the AIA Volumes 21-22
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450:, but the stumpy pilasters and blocky detailing suggest the
407:. Renwick was the architect of Ascension Memorial Church in
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style. In 1846, Renwick won a competition to design of the
1608:(Reprinted by Scholarly Press, 1976; often referred to as
766:, Clinton and Livingston, Brooklyn, New York (1866-1869)
681:, Lexington Avenue and 23rd Street, New York City (1849)
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Another of the prominent buildings Renwick designed was
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Renwick was also the designer of the bell tower of the
1161:"An Alum Was the Architect of St. Patrick's Cathedral"
1332:. American Institute of Architects. 1888. p. 147
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465:, the main building of the Children's Hospital on
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395:(1860), Saint Bartholomew's Church (1871–1872) at
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642:The Reformed Church of Saugerties, 173 Main St.,
353:reducing its dimensions to fit the local budget.
218:. His two brothers went on to become engineers.
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1666:Renwick Family Letters and Manuscripts 1794-1916
706:Municipal Courthouse, 817 Princess Anne Street,
1755:Fellows of the American Institute of Architects
426:in 1847. Even though the 1879 structure at 29
1438:. Oxford University Press, USA. p. 1012.
571:Renwick is buried with his wife and father in
411:, whose cornerstone was laid in October 1869.
1650:Art and the empire city: New York, 1825-1861
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1241:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1188:The Smithsonian Castle and the Seneca Quarry
430:is marred now by a street level storefront,
1661:Biography at Columbians Ahead of Their Time
1624:"Church and Midtown Building Are Landmarks"
1489:. New York: Monacelli Press. p. 1106.
1190:. The History Press. pp. 45–46, 48–49.
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515:deliver a speech to garner support for his
379:in Washington, D.C., which was designed in
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1548:. Nycago.org. Retrieved on April 12, 2014.
1380:"Brief biographies of American architects"
855:, Fifth Avenue and East 33rd Street, NYC (
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1227:Lafort, Remigius, S.T.D., Censor (1914).
1147:The Encyclopedia of American Architecture
602:, the Nebraska State Capitol building in
479:Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library
196:The Encyclopedia of American Architecture
1231:. Catholic editing Company. p. 305.
649:Mark Twain House, 21 Fifth Avenue, NYC (
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1596:. New York: Random House. p. 236.
1261:Gray, Christopher (September 2, 1990).
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469:, the Inebriate and Lunatic Asylums on
148: 1850; died 1880)
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1149:(2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
1119:George Walter Vincent Smith Art Museum
866:George Walter Vincent Smith Art Museum
775:Greymore Friars' Residence, NYC (1869)
772:, Foggy Bottom, Washington, DC (1867).
1740:Architects of Roman Catholic churches
1563:First Presbyterian Church of Hartford
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703:, Washington, D.C. (1851; razed 1936)
310:in New York City, which was built in
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511:In Spring 1890, Renwick listened to
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1387:Society of Architectural Historians
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849:, East 10th Street, NYC (1882–1883)
823:[St. Mary Help of Christians Church
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490:Cathedral Basilica of St. Augustine
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1770:People from Essex County, New York
1760:Columbia College (New York) alumni
1720:American ecclesiastical architects
1656:Biography at Smithsonian Scrapbook
1622:Chan, Sewell (December 16, 2008).
1355:Aspinwall, Algernon Aikin (1905).
25:
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1353:the common error "Aspinall"; see
1007:Cathedral of Our Merciful Saviour
744:Cathedral of Our Merciful Saviour
549:St. Patrick's Cathedral, New York
1780:19th-century American architects
1725:American neoclassical architects
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1048:Basilica of St. John the Baptist
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792:Basilica of St. John the Baptist
666:Smithsonian Institution Building
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244:Smithsonian Institution Building
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1408:"Renwick, Aspinwall & Owen"
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726:), Washington, D.C. (1859–1871)
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1765:Burials at Green-Wood Cemetery
1750:Smithsonian Institution people
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1299:. Mount Ida Press. p. 7.
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668:, Washington, D.C. (1847–1855)
612:United States Military Academy
566:Renwick, Aspinwall & Guard
418:, the first chapter house for
27:American architect (1818–1895)
18:Renwick, Aspinwall and Russell
13:
1:
1745:Architects from New York City
1293:Waite, Sarah S., ed. (2009).
1283:Page 10, Gibson Brothers 1891
1145:Packard, Robert, ed. (1995).
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856:
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784:First Presbyterian Church of
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628:, one of the founders of the
594:, whose designs included the
1526:The House on Caroline Street
530:Church of the Holy Sepulchre
496:, which was commissioned by
7:
1705:James Renwick Jr. buildings
1101:St. Nicholas of Myra Church
951:Georgetown, Washington D.C.
847:St. Nicholas of Myra Church
788:(1870; Renwick & Sands)
770:St. Mary's Episcopal Church
391:(1861–1865), including the
10:
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1610:WPA Guide to New York City
1125:Springfield, Massachusetts
1027:St. Ann's Episcopal Church
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870:Springfield, Massachusetts
816:Second Presbyterian Church
596:Wolf's Head Secret Society
414:Renwick also designed the
356:Renwick went on to design
29:
1730:Gothic Revival architects
836:Chapter House, New York (
687:, Washington, D.C. (1850)
592:Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue
233:
186:(born November 11, 1818,
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163:Margaret Brevoort Renwick
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1735:Architects of cathedrals
1588:Federal Writers' Project
1106:Manhattan, New York City
1088:Manhattan, New York City
1083:St. Bartholomew's Church
965:Trinity Episcopal Church
932:Manhattan, New York City
914:Manhattan, New York City
896:Manhattan, New York City
812:, NYC (1871–1872; razed)
802:St. Bartholomew's Church
708:Fredericksburg, Virginia
701:Trinity Episcopal Church
685:Oak Hill Cemetery Chapel
679:City College of New York
637:Major buildings designed
610:, and the chapel at the
545:William Hamilton Russell
343:City College of New York
202:Early life and education
1565:. Hartford, Connecticut
720:Corcoran Gallery of Art
716:, New York, (1858–1879)
714:St. Patrick's Cathedral
677:Free Academy Building,
475:New York Stock Exchange
405:West Haven, Connecticut
373:Corcoran Gallery of Art
358:St. Patrick's Cathedral
258:St. Patrick's Cathedral
1186:Peck, Garrett (2013).
1165:Columbia College Today
993:Poughkeepsie, New York
754:Church of St. Barnabas
740:, New York (1861–1865)
662:, New York (1843–1846)
409:Ipswich, Massachusetts
389:Poughkeepsie, New York
338:in the United States.
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30:For other people, see
1467:With Heritage So Rich
827:Aiken, South Carolina
821:St. Claire's Chapel,
818:, Chicago (1872–1874)
786:Hartford, Connecticut
779:Cathedral High School
553:Clinton & Russell
278:
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1296:Architects of Albany
1279:Smith, Franklin W.:
1013:Faribault, Minnesota
748:Faribault, Minnesota
630:Chicago School-style
616:West Point, New York
230:three years later.
206:Renwick was born in
134:Anna Lloyd Aspinwall
1593:New York City Guide
1412:Library of Congress
1358:Aspinwall Genealogy
758:Irvington, New York
573:Green-Wood Cemetery
568:by the late 1920s.
483:Columbia University
424:Columbia University
360:, on the corner of
224:Columbia University
216:Columbia University
100:Green-Wood Cemetery
90:New York City, U.S.
1672:"James Renwick Jr"
1628:The New York Times
1267:The New York Times
626:John Wellborn Root
448:French Renaissance
437:The New York Times
375:, now home to the
285:
273:
265:
251:
1603:978-1-60354-055-1
1167:. August 23, 2021
945:Oak Hill Cemetery
853:Demarest Building
674:, New York (1848)
606:, Balboa Park in
604:Lincoln, Nebraska
583:Notable employees
513:Franklin W. Smith
281:elevation drawing
184:James Renwick Jr.
181:
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68:November 11, 1818
43:James Renwick Jr.
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559:Death and legacy
506:Anastasia Island
502:Henry M. Flagler
467:Randall's Island
463:Roosevelt Island
443:New York Tribune
432:Christopher Gray
428:East 28th Street
416:St. Anthony Hall
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320:Washington, D.C.
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293:Croton Aqueduct
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1679:. Retrieved
1676:Find a Grave
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1210:. Retrieved
1206:the original
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1169:. Retrieved
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1052:Canton, Ohio
891:Grace Church
796:Canton, Ohio
781:, NYC (1869)
738:Poughkeepsie
660:Grace Church
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188:Bloomingdale
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85:(1895-06-23)
36:
1715:1895 deaths
1710:1818 births
1569:October 13,
860: 1890
841: 1879
756:expansion,
750:(1862–1869)
695: 1850
654: 1842
646:, NY (1852)
366:51st Street
1699:Categories
1559:"About Us"
1132:References
644:Saugerties
446:called it
324:Romanesque
121:Occupation
64:1818-11-11
1451:August 1,
1417:August 1,
1237:cite book
1086:(1871–72)
608:San Diego
434:wrote in
420:Delta Psi
393:Main Hall
279:Exterior
262:Manhattan
168:Signature
156:Parent(s)
124:Architect
1590:(1939).
1513:1130718M
1505:32159240
1392:July 31,
1364:July 31,
1336:July 31,
1312:July 31,
1033:Brooklyn
983:Old Main
598:Hall at
577:Brooklyn
500:partner
452:Neo-Grec
104:Brooklyn
877:Gallery
832:Former
494:Florida
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1122:(1895)
1104:(1883)
1068:(1874)
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1030:(1869)
1010:(1869)
990:(1861)
968:(1851)
948:(1850)
930:(1847)
912:(1848)
894:(1846)
872:(1895)
829:(1879)
798:(1871)
760:(1863)
710:(1852)
620:Dallas
401:Harlem
234:Career
129:Spouse
74:, U.S.
1383:(PDF)
306:, an
144:(
140:
1683:2010
1598:ISBN
1571:2020
1501:OCLC
1491:ISBN
1453:2018
1440:ISBN
1419:2018
1394:2018
1366:2018
1338:2018
1314:2018
1301:ISBN
1243:link
1214:2006
1173:2021
808:and
364:and
242:The
228:M.A.
80:Died
58:Born
1351:not
614:in
575:in
492:in
481:at
387:in
330:in
318:in
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260:in
246:in
190:in
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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