323:
240:
817:
80:
182:
39:
713:
place their elbows on the table and squat down slightly. If the patient uses the supine position, the physician will ask the patient to slide down to the end of the examination table until their buttocks are positioned just beyond the end and then place their feet in the stirrups. The physician spreads the buttocks apart and will usually examine the external area (anus and perineum) for any abnormalities such as
1876:
Grossman, David C.; Curry, Susan J.; Owens, Douglas K.; Bibbins-Domingo, Kirsten; Caughey, Aaron B.; Davidson, Karina W.; Doubeni, Chyke A.; Ebell, Mark; Epling, John W.; Kemper, Alex R.; Krist, Alex H.; Kubik, Martha; Landefeld, C. Seth; Mangione, Carol M.; Silverstein, Michael; Simon, Melissa A.;
542:
traditionally, the digital rectal examination (DRE) was considered an essential part of the physical examination for all trauma patients. However, the sensitivity of the DRE for injuries of the spinal cord, pelvis, and bowel is poor, and false positive and negative results are common. Thus, routine
712:
on the examination table, bent over it, or lying down with feet in stirrups). If the patient is lying on their side, the physician will usually have them bring one or both legs up to their chest. If the patient bends over the examination table or the back of a chair, the physician will have them
685:
2013 (reviewed and validity confirmed 2018) guideline panel states, "The literature supporting the efficacy of digital rectal exam (DRE) for screening with the goal of reducing prostate cancer mortality provide limited evidence to draw conclusions." "The guideline panel could find no evidence to
502:
tarry stools that can not be easily attributed to facial trauma or oral surgery, eating beets or anything with red food dye or overuse of NSAIDS/over the counter pain medication. Doing a rectal exam to examine stool color may provide a clue as to the location of the bleed but is not a reliable
1745:
Collins, Judith F.; Lieberman, David A.; Durbin, Theodore E.; Weiss, David G.; Veterans
Affairs Cooperative Study #380 Group (2005). "Accuracy of Screening for Fecal Occult Blood on a Single Stool Sample Obtained by Digital Rectal Examination: A Comparison with Recommended Sampling Practice".
1657:
Ashraf, Imran; Paracha, Shafaq R.; Arif, Murtaza; Choudhary, Abhishek; Matteson, Michelle L.; Clark, Robert E.; Godfrey, Jonathan D.; Hammad, Hazem T.; Bechtold, Matthew L. (2012). "Digital Rectal
Examination Versus Spontaneous Passage of Stool for Fecal Occult Blood Testing".
623:
Even though 1 in 4 colorectal cancers (CRC) is located in the rectum, little evidence supports the effectiveness of using the DRE for rectal cancer detection and it is not recommended in the colorectal cancer screening guidelines. The DRE is inadequate as a screening tool for
658:
states, "While FOBT done appropriately (taken home and used according to the instructions) is an important screening option, in-office FOBT may be worse than no screening at all because it misses 95% of cases of advanced tumor, giving many patients a false sense of
686:
support the continued use of DRE as a first-line method of screening." Although DRE has long been used to diagnose prostate cancer, no controlled studies have shown a reduction in the morbidity or mortality of prostate cancer when detected by DRE at any age.
643:
A single office-based FOBT (fecal occult blood test) performed following a digital rectal examination (DRE) is not an adequate screen due to low sensitivity for advanced tumor and colorectal cancer. Screening for colon cancer this way does not meet
1244:
Sharma, Virender K.; Komanduri, Sri; Nayyar, Sanjay; Headly, Anna; Modlinger, Paul; Metz, David C.; Verghese, Vino J.; Wanahita, Anna; Go, Mae F.; Howden, Colin W. (2001). "An audit of the utility of in-patient fecal occult blood testing".
1701:
Nadel, Marion R.; Shapiro, Jean A.; Klabunde, Carrie N.; Seeff, Laura C.; Uhler, Robert; Smith, Robert A.; Ransohoff, David F. (2005). "A National Survey of
Primary Care Physicians' Methods for Screening for Fecal Occult Blood".
1438:
486:
might have value for the anemic patient in the emergency room who has no other identifiable cause for anemia, is not actively bleeding, and there is concern that gastrointestinal malignancy may be the cause for their
717:, lumps, or rashes. Then, as the patient relaxes and bears down (as if having a bowel movement), the physician slips a lubricated finger into the rectum through the anus and palpates the insides for a short time.
1462:
Shlamovitz, Gil Z.; Mower, William R.; Bergman, Jonathan; Crisp, Jonathan; DeVore, Heather K.; Hardy, David; Sargent, Martine; Shroff, Sunil D.; Snyder, Eric; Morgan, Marshall T. (July 2007).
695:
concluded: "Given the considerable lack of evidence supporting its efficacy, we recommend against routine performance of DRE to screen for prostate cancer in the primary care setting."
456:. Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome, chronic bacterial prostatitis, acute (sudden) bacterial prostatitis, and asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis. The DRE has a 50%
2109:
677:
May 2018 statement states, "The use of digital rectal examination as a screening modality is not recommended because there is a lack of evidence on the benefits." The
1138:
1089:
Naji, Leen; Randhawa, Harkanwal; Sohani, Zahra; Dennis, Brittany; Lautenbach, Deanna; Kavanagh, Owen; Bawor, Monica; Banfield, Laura; Profetto, Jason (2018).
2633:
1602:
543:
performance is unnecessary and generally unhelpful. The examination is warranted in cases where urethral injury or penetrating rectal injury is suspected;
3534:
2102:
1789:
3305:
2015:
192:
1578:
1198:
Gupta, Arjun; Tang, Zhouwen; Agrawal, Deepak (2018). "Eliminating In-Hospital Fecal Occult Blood
Testing: Our Experience with Disinvestment".
652:
standards. The FOBT has never been validated for any purpose other than as a take home colon cancer screening test. A paper published in the
524:
paper concludes: "We found the DRE to have a limited role in the diagnosis of acute, undifferentiated abdominal pain and acute appendicitis.";
3266:
2037:
Rees, Charlotte E.; Monrouxe, Lynn V. (2011). "Medical students learning intimate examinations without valid consent: A multicentre study".
674:
417:
1829:"Fecal Occult Blood Testing Beliefs and Practices of U.S. Primary Care Physicians: Serious Deviations from Evidence-Based Recommendations"
1803:
704:
The digital rectal examination is a relatively simple medical procedure. The patient undresses and is then placed in a position where the
3331:
2909:
2669:
1332:
2095:
1942:
250:
3336:
2626:
327:
Side view of male reproductive and urinary anatomy, including the prostate, rectum and bladder, with an index finger probing the anus
681:
states, "Digital Rectal Exam does not improve detection of prostate cancer and should not be performed as a part of screening." The
3072:
3229:
881:
144:
1010:
785:
as the patient being examined. Similar activities to the rectal exam are attributed to extraterrestrials in video games such as
853:
116:
1509:
1070:
678:
1403:
Kessler, Chad; Bauer, Stephen J. (2012). "Utility of the
Digital Rectal Examination in the Emergency Department: A Review".
3570:
2784:
2619:
2555:
654:
1171:
860:
123:
2833:
2573:
2496:
834:
263:
97:
52:
1827:
Nadel, Marion R.; Berkowitz, Zahava; Klabunde, Carrie N.; Smith, Robert A.; Coughlin, Steven S.; White, Mary C. (2010).
3271:
731:
Due to the taboos surrounding the anus and the potential for discomfort and embarrassment, the rectal exam is a common
1918:
673:
In men aged 55–69 who have been counseled on the known harms and potential benefits of prostate cancer screening, the
3529:
3524:
2484:
2395:
900:
300:
282:
221:
163:
66:
961:. It is also a common procedure in cattle, and is one method of diagnosing pregnancy in both the horse and the cow.
867:
130:
2568:
1145:
3062:
2517:
2377:
1091:"Digital Rectal Examination for Prostate Cancer Screening in Primary Care: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"
682:
2769:
2720:
2143:
849:
838:
483:
112:
101:
3575:
3151:
2895:
2743:
520:
2611:
3417:
3136:
2963:
2840:
2660:
799:
449:
3326:
3161:
2705:
972:
that extends to the shoulder. The examiner inserts the hand and arm into the rectum as far as necessary.
615:
457:
3234:
3156:
3024:
2883:
2364:
761:
421:
1049:
The dreaded finger exam to check for prostate cancer used to be a mainstay of check-ups for older men.
803:. The practice of rectal exams without prior consent by medical students has been an area of concern.
3422:
3212:
3126:
3034:
2953:
2725:
2715:
2491:
2479:
2180:
2175:
691:
665:
592:
through the insertion of medical devices including thermometers or specialized balloons; to identify
582:
although internal hemorrhoids are often too soft to be felt, a visual inspection may be more useful;
3516:
3371:
3029:
2710:
2652:
2471:
1172:"FOBT and DRE's in the ED (June 2018) » Emergency Medicine | Blog Archive | Boston University"
554:
343:
1970:
1603:"Final Recommendation Statement: Colorectal Cancer: Screening - US Preventive Services Task Force"
3465:
3381:
3006:
2764:
2563:
2346:
1034:
827:
767:
649:
203:
90:
58:
874:
137:
3495:
3310:
2774:
2643:
2600:
2535:
1531:"The diagnostic value of digital rectal examination in primary care for palpable rectal tumour"
991:
491:
3470:
3400:
3256:
2850:
2811:
2407:
2256:
1783:
1759:
1715:
1358:"Diagnosis and treatment of severe hematochezia. The role of urgent colonoscopy after purge"
964:
The procedure in dogs and cats is similar to humans. For the horse, the patient stands in a
258:
199:
3539:
3067:
2451:
2390:
2241:
2223:
2170:
2118:
560:
for examination of the hardness and color of the feces (i.e. in cases of constipation, and
476:
1293:"Fecal occult blood testing in hospitalized patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding"
1011:"Recommendation: Prostate Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce"
8:
3442:
3366:
3261:
3166:
3141:
3057:
3052:
2996:
2791:
2587:
2372:
2317:
2185:
2087:
914:
737:
636:
410:
400:
2082:
475:
for the evaluation of certain clinical symptoms: a male with change in urinary ability,
2936:
2779:
2545:
2527:
2354:
2153:
2062:
1853:
1828:
1771:
1727:
1683:
1560:
1270:
1223:
1115:
1090:
981:
949:, or displacement. When horses undergo a rectal examination there is a small risk of a
743:
709:
532:
322:
20:
1479:
1373:
641:
this is an insufficient way of screening for colorectal cancer and is not recommended.
613:
3502:
3386:
3348:
3194:
3104:
2926:
2818:
2759:
2595:
2299:
2148:
2054:
2050:
1900:
1858:
1763:
1719:
1675:
1639:
1552:
1547:
1530:
1491:
1483:
1420:
1385:
1377:
1314:
1262:
1258:
1215:
1120:
1066:
755:
721:
625:
507:
461:
333:
1775:
1731:
1687:
1274:
518:(i.e. acute abdominal symptoms indicating a serious underlying disease). Although a
460:
for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Vigorous examination of the prostate in suspected
3506:
3343:
2749:
2441:
2289:
2274:
2066:
2046:
1890:
1848:
1840:
1755:
1711:
1667:
1542:
1475:
1416:
1412:
1369:
1304:
1254:
1227:
1207:
1110:
1102:
1564:
363:
3580:
3544:
3321:
3317:
3300:
3295:
3082:
2978:
2968:
2943:
2931:
2918:
2870:
2446:
2307:
2138:
2130:
2122:
1671:
1464:"Poor test characteristics for the digital rectal examination in trauma patients"
1211:
946:
663:
601:
561:
557:
when the vaginal vault cannot be accessed or it is too painful (vaginal atrophy);
469:
429:
349:
27:
635:
Although the DRE is commonly used as a way to obtain a stool sample for a FOBT (
3549:
3376:
3239:
3184:
2890:
2860:
2754:
2695:
2678:
2425:
2312:
2284:
2198:
778:
732:
425:
391:
1844:
3564:
3460:
3189:
3119:
2855:
2690:
2641:
2190:
1627:
1487:
1381:
787:
773:
629:
515:
1463:
3437:
3251:
3146:
3131:
2986:
2382:
2324:
2246:
2058:
1904:
1895:
1878:
1862:
1767:
1723:
1679:
1643:
1556:
1495:
1424:
1357:
1318:
1266:
1219:
1124:
965:
958:
942:
586:
511:
495:
1988:
Epstein JI (2002). "Pathology of prostatic neoplasia". In Walsh PC (ed.).
1389:
953:
tear occurring, which can be a life-threatening event, rapidly leading to
19:"Digital exam" redirects here. For digital examination of the vagina, see
3427:
3283:
3246:
3114:
3109:
3094:
2958:
2845:
2828:
2806:
2796:
2700:
2512:
2461:
2266:
1514:
986:
954:
793:
782:
714:
579:
572:
568:
453:
405:'palpation through the anus'), is an internal examination of the
357:
2016:"Alien anal probe saw Saints Row IV refused classification in Australia"
3490:
3432:
3409:
3176:
3044:
2823:
2801:
2415:
2334:
2329:
2279:
2163:
1035:"It may be time to abandon dreaded digital rectal exam, research shows"
969:
934:
930:
705:
551:
536:
528:
468:
emboli and should never be done. Its utility as a screening method for
1309:
1292:
373:
3287:
3090:
3001:
2991:
2948:
2878:
2682:
2251:
2208:
1106:
593:
816:
79:
3358:
3099:
2540:
922:
749:
597:
445:
2735:
2158:
1875:
926:
604:
damage, anal bruising, and foreign objects in the rectal cavity;
3452:
3016:
2203:
950:
547:
490:
a true active gastrointestinal bleed: vomiting blood, vomiting
465:
406:
1919:"Prostate Cancer - Clinical Preventive Service Recommendation"
3221:
2456:
938:
645:
479:, or dysuria (blood in the urine), pain with bowel movements;
1628:"Colorectal cancer screening: Don't just do it, do it right"
628:
because it examines less than 10% of the colorectal mucosa;
2233:
1826:
1744:
1461:
1243:
2117:
1656:
1700:
945:, to determine the presence or absence of bowel torsion,
918:
1139:"Pri-Med | Put That Finger Down! The End of the..."
1088:
941:
it is a vital component of the clinical examination for
26:"Anal probe" redirects here. For the use by aliens, see
1877:
Siu, Albert L.; Tseng, Chien-Wen; Tseng, C. W. (2018).
1529:
Ang, C. W.; Dawson, R.; Hall, C.; Farmer, M. (2008).
1510:"Hemorrhoids - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic"
1528:
841:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
539:
diseases, including traumatic spinal cord injuries;
104:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2005:- Vol. 28, No. 11. "Saturday Night Live at twenty"
424:for older men, as it was thought to be a reliable
1356:Jensen, D. M.; Machicado, G. A. (December 1988).
3562:
1197:
1355:
1239:
1237:
1193:
1191:
1084:
1082:
3267:Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt
2668:
2627:
2103:
527:for the estimation of the muscle tone of the
267:that contextualizes different points of view.
253:to certain ideas, incidents, or controversies
189:The examples and perspective in this article
2036:
2030:
1869:
1820:
1738:
1694:
1650:
1619:
1522:
1402:
1396:
608:
418:United States Preventive Services Task Force
1964:
1962:
1788:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1234:
1188:
1079:
968:and may be sedated. The examiner puts on a
420:, a digital exam was a common component of
67:Learn how and when to remove these messages
2917:
2634:
2620:
2110:
2096:
1987:
531:sphincter, which may be useful in case of
321:
16:Medical assessment or diagnostic procedure
3408:
1894:
1852:
1546:
1308:
1114:
901:Learn how and when to remove this message
472:however is not supported by the evidence;
301:Learn how and when to remove this message
283:Learn how and when to remove this message
222:Learn how and when to remove this message
164:Learn how and when to remove this message
3073:Transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization
1959:
1247:The American Journal of Gastroenterology
3230:Artificial extracorporeal liver support
1992:(8th ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders.
1968:
1760:10.7326/0003-4819-142-2-200501180-00006
1716:10.7326/0003-4819-142-2-200501180-00007
3563:
2018:. IGN Entertainment Inc. June 25, 2013
1625:
1290:
1286:
1284:
1060:
806:
726:
2615:
2091:
1607:www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org
1015:www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org
679:American Academy of Family Physicians
2785:Vertical banded gastroplasty surgery
1833:Journal of General Internal Medicine
1166:
1164:
1162:
1063:Rapid Review Pathology Third Edition
839:adding citations to reliable sources
810:
655:Journal of General Internal Medicine
618:of asymptomatic adults aged 50 to 75
233:
175:
102:adding citations to reliable sources
73:
32:
2834:Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
2642:Tests and procedures involving the
2497:Upper limb neurological examination
1969:Hoffman, Richard M (Jun 25, 2018).
1943:"American Urological Association -"
1804:"Colorectal Cancer Screening Tests"
1281:
13:
3272:Distal splenorenal shunt procedure
708:is accessible (lying on the side,
675:U.S. Preventive Service Task Force
193:include all significant viewpoints
14:
3592:
2076:
1480:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2007.01.022
1405:The Journal of Emergency Medicine
1159:
1131:
689:A meta-analysis published in the
668:of asymptomatic men aged 55 to 69
48:This article has multiple issues.
2051:10.1111/j.1365-2923.2010.03911.x
1548:10.1111/j.1463-1318.2007.01381.x
1259:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2001.03709.x
1200:The American Journal of Medicine
917:rectal examination is useful in
815:
781:as the general practitioner and
416:Prior to a 2018 report from the
238:
180:
78:
37:
3063:Lateral internal sphincterotomy
2518:Ballard Maturational Assessment
2378:Peripheral vascular examination
2008:
1996:
1981:
1971:"Screening for prostate cancer"
1935:
1911:
1879:"Screening for Prostate Cancer"
1796:
1595:
1571:
1502:
1455:
1431:
1349:
1325:
1065:. Mosby Elsevier. p. 429.
826:needs additional citations for
683:American Urological Association
89:needs additional citations for
56:or discuss these issues on the
2770:Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty
2721:Functional Lumen Imaging Probe
2144:History of the present illness
1417:10.1016/j.jemermed.2012.06.015
1291:Monash, Bradley (2017-07-01).
1054:
1027:
1003:
639:) in an office based setting,
440:This examination may be used:
1:
3152:Lower gastrointestinal series
2896:Upper gastrointestinal series
2485:Mini–mental state examination
2396:Ankle–brachial pressure index
1374:10.1016/s0016-5085(88)80079-9
1095:The Annals of Family Medicine
997:
555:palpations of internal organs
521:Journal of Emergency Medicine
3418:Diagnostic peritoneal lavage
3137:Double-contrast barium enema
2964:Partial ileal bypass surgery
2841:Esophagogastric dissociation
1672:10.1097/SMJ.0b013e31825bfdc5
1468:Annals of Emergency Medicine
1297:Journal of Hospital Medicine
1212:10.1016/j.amjmed.2018.03.002
699:
450:benign prostatic hyperplasia
7:
3571:Diagnostic gastroenterology
3235:Bioartificial liver devices
3162:Transrectal ultrasonography
1748:Annals of Internal Medicine
1704:Annals of Internal Medicine
975:
735:, including in episodes of
616:colorectal cancer screening
10:
3597:
3157:Small-bowel follow-through
3025:Abdominoperineal resection
2884:Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
719:
492:coffee-grind like material
384:Digital rectal examination
25:
18:
3517:Clinical prediction rules
3515:
3483:
3451:
3423:Intraperitoneal injection
3399:
3357:
3282:
3220:
3211:
3175:
3127:Abdominal ultrasonography
3081:
3043:
3035:Total mesorectal excision
3015:
2977:
2954:Intestine transplantation
2908:
2869:
2744:Sengstaken–Blakemore tube
2734:
2726:High resolution manometry
2716:Esophageal motility study
2677:
2659:
2650:
2586:
2554:
2526:
2505:
2492:Cranial nerve examination
2470:
2434:
2406:
2363:
2345:
2298:
2265:
2231:
2222:
2129:
1845:10.1007/s11606-010-1328-7
1632:American Family Physician
692:Annals of Family Medicine
666:prostate cancer screening
609:Usage as a screening tool
370:
356:
342:
332:
320:
315:
3372:Pancreas transplantation
3030:Lower anterior resection
2711:Esophageal pH monitoring
2653:Digestive system surgery
1660:Southern Medical Journal
514:or other examples of an
435:
3466:Inguinal hernia surgery
3382:Pancreaticoduodenectomy
2765:Adjustable gastric band
2706:Impedance–pH monitoring
2564:Athletic heart syndrome
1061:Goljan, Edward (2011).
650:American Cancer Society
637:fecal occult blood test
585:in newborns to exclude
464:can lead to seeding of
396:palpatio per anum (PPA)
386:(DRE), also known as a
3496:Exploratory laparotomy
3311:Hepatoportoenterostomy
2775:Gastric bypass surgery
2644:human digestive system
2601:Differential diagnosis
2536:Well-woman examination
1896:10.1001/jama.2018.3710
1626:Wender, R. C. (2006).
992:GCC homosexuality test
452:and the four types of
395:
3471:Femoral hernia repair
3257:Liver transplantation
2851:Nissen fundoplication
720:Further information:
444:for the diagnosis of
261:by rewriting it in a
3576:Physical examination
3068:Rubber band ligation
3007:Hartmann's operation
2569:Sudden cardiac death
2452:Shoulder examination
2391:Abdominojugular test
2224:Physical examination
2171:Past medical history
925:(as in men), pelvic
921:for analysis of the
850:"Rectal examination"
835:improve this article
113:"Rectal examination"
98:improve this article
3443:Peritoneal dialysis
3262:Portal hypertension
3167:Virtual colonoscopy
3142:Endoanal ultrasound
3058:Anorectal manometry
3053:Anal sphincterotomy
2997:Colonic polypectomy
2792:Collis gastroplasty
2588:Assessment and plan
2373:Cardiac examination
2318:Swinging light test
2186:Psychiatric history
2119:Medical examination
1474:(1): 25–33, 33.e1.
915:veterinary medicine
807:Veterinary medicine
800:Destroy All Humans!
738:Saturday Night Live
727:Society and culture
411:healthcare provider
200:improve the article
2937:Jejunoileal bypass
2780:Sleeve gastrectomy
2546:Breast examination
2421:Rectal examination
2355:Respiratory sounds
2154:Nursing assessment
2083:Rectal Examination
1990:Campbell's Urology
1535:Colorectal Disease
982:Body cavity search
744:Impractical Jokers
550:, for the limited
533:fecal incontinence
316:Rectal examination
21:Pelvic examination
3558:
3557:
3503:Rapid urease test
3479:
3478:
3395:
3394:
3387:Puestow procedure
3349:Cholescintigraphy
3207:
3206:
3203:
3202:
3195:Stool guaiac test
3105:Capsule endoscopy
2927:Bariatric surgery
2904:
2903:
2819:Gastroenterostomy
2760:Bariatric surgery
2609:
2608:
2596:Medical diagnosis
2582:
2581:
2457:Elbow examination
2039:Medical Education
2003:New York Magazine
1889:(18): 1901–1913.
1310:10.12788/jhm.2773
1072:978-0-323-08438-3
911:
910:
903:
885:
626:colorectal cancer
462:acute prostatitis
404:
381:
380:
311:
310:
303:
293:
292:
285:
247:This article may
232:
231:
224:
204:discuss the issue
174:
173:
166:
148:
71:
3588:
3540:Child–Pugh score
3507:Urea breath test
3406:
3405:
3367:Frey's procedure
3344:Cholecystography
3218:
3217:
2915:
2914:
2750:Nasogastric tube
2675:
2674:
2666:
2665:
2636:
2629:
2622:
2613:
2612:
2442:Knee examination
2290:Respiratory rate
2229:
2228:
2112:
2105:
2098:
2089:
2088:
2071:
2070:
2034:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2023:
2012:
2006:
2000:
1994:
1993:
1985:
1979:
1978:
1966:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1953:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1915:
1909:
1908:
1898:
1873:
1867:
1866:
1856:
1824:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1814:
1800:
1794:
1793:
1787:
1779:
1742:
1736:
1735:
1698:
1692:
1691:
1654:
1648:
1647:
1623:
1617:
1616:
1614:
1613:
1599:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1589:
1583:www.uptodate.com
1575:
1569:
1568:
1550:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1506:
1500:
1499:
1459:
1453:
1452:
1450:
1449:
1443:www.uptodate.com
1435:
1429:
1428:
1411:(6): 1196–1204.
1400:
1394:
1393:
1368:(6): 1569–1574.
1362:Gastroenterology
1353:
1347:
1346:
1344:
1343:
1337:www.uptodate.com
1329:
1323:
1322:
1312:
1288:
1279:
1278:
1253:(4): 1256–1260.
1241:
1232:
1231:
1195:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1182:
1168:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1153:
1144:. Archived from
1135:
1129:
1128:
1118:
1107:10.1370/afm.2205
1086:
1077:
1076:
1058:
1052:
1051:
1046:
1045:
1031:
1025:
1024:
1022:
1021:
1007:
906:
899:
895:
892:
886:
884:
843:
819:
811:
771:, and the movie
587:imperforate anus
496:defecating blood
399:
374:edit on Wikidata
366:
352:
325:
313:
312:
306:
299:
288:
281:
277:
274:
268:
264:balanced fashion
242:
241:
234:
227:
220:
216:
213:
207:
184:
183:
176:
169:
162:
158:
155:
149:
147:
106:
82:
74:
63:
41:
40:
33:
3596:
3595:
3591:
3590:
3589:
3587:
3586:
3585:
3561:
3560:
3559:
3554:
3545:Ranson criteria
3511:
3475:
3447:
3391:
3353:
3322:Cholangiography
3318:Medical imaging
3301:Cholecystostomy
3296:Cholecystectomy
3278:
3199:
3171:
3083:Medical imaging
3077:
3039:
3011:
2973:
2969:Strictureplasty
2944:Bowel resection
2932:Duodenal switch
2900:
2871:Medical imaging
2865:
2730:
2661:Digestive tract
2655:
2646:
2640:
2610:
2605:
2578:
2550:
2522:
2501:
2466:
2447:Hip examination
2435:Musculoskeletal
2430:
2402:
2359:
2341:
2308:Eye examination
2294:
2261:
2218:
2139:Chief complaint
2131:Medical history
2125:
2116:
2079:
2074:
2035:
2031:
2021:
2019:
2014:
2013:
2009:
2001:
1997:
1986:
1982:
1967:
1960:
1951:
1949:
1941:
1940:
1936:
1927:
1925:
1917:
1916:
1912:
1874:
1870:
1825:
1821:
1812:
1810:
1802:
1801:
1797:
1781:
1780:
1743:
1739:
1699:
1695:
1655:
1651:
1624:
1620:
1611:
1609:
1601:
1600:
1596:
1587:
1585:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1527:
1523:
1508:
1507:
1503:
1460:
1456:
1447:
1445:
1437:
1436:
1432:
1401:
1397:
1354:
1350:
1341:
1339:
1331:
1330:
1326:
1289:
1282:
1242:
1235:
1196:
1189:
1180:
1178:
1176:www.bumc.bu.edu
1170:
1169:
1160:
1151:
1149:
1137:
1136:
1132:
1087:
1080:
1073:
1059:
1055:
1043:
1041:
1033:
1032:
1028:
1019:
1017:
1009:
1008:
1004:
1000:
978:
907:
896:
890:
887:
844:
842:
832:
820:
809:
729:
724:
702:
670:
620:
611:
562:fecal impaction
470:prostate cancer
438:
430:prostate cancer
409:performed by a
377:
362:
348:
328:
307:
296:
295:
294:
289:
278:
272:
269:
259:help improve it
256:
243:
239:
228:
217:
211:
208:
197:
185:
181:
170:
159:
153:
150:
107:
105:
95:
83:
42:
38:
31:
28:Alien abduction
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3594:
3584:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3556:
3555:
3553:
3552:
3550:Milan criteria
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3521:
3519:
3513:
3512:
3510:
3509:
3500:
3499:
3498:
3487:
3485:
3481:
3480:
3477:
3476:
3474:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3457:
3455:
3449:
3448:
3446:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3414:
3412:
3403:
3401:Abdominopelvic
3397:
3396:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3377:Pancreatectomy
3374:
3369:
3363:
3361:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3340:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3314:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3292:
3290:
3280:
3279:
3277:
3276:
3275:
3274:
3269:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3243:
3242:
3240:Liver dialysis
3237:
3226:
3224:
3215:
3209:
3208:
3205:
3204:
3201:
3200:
3198:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3185:Fecal fat test
3181:
3179:
3173:
3172:
3170:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3123:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3087:
3085:
3079:
3078:
3076:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3049:
3047:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3021:
3019:
3013:
3012:
3010:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2983:
2981:
2975:
2974:
2972:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2940:
2939:
2934:
2923:
2921:
2912:
2910:Lower GI tract
2906:
2905:
2902:
2901:
2899:
2898:
2893:
2891:Barium swallow
2888:
2887:
2886:
2875:
2873:
2867:
2866:
2864:
2863:
2861:Schilling test
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2837:
2836:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2815:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2794:
2789:
2788:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2757:
2755:Gastric lavage
2752:
2747:
2740:
2738:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2696:Heller myotomy
2693:
2687:
2685:
2672:
2670:Upper GI tract
2663:
2657:
2656:
2651:
2648:
2647:
2639:
2638:
2631:
2624:
2616:
2607:
2606:
2604:
2603:
2598:
2592:
2590:
2584:
2583:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2560:
2558:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2532:
2530:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2520:
2515:
2509:
2507:
2503:
2502:
2500:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2488:
2487:
2476:
2474:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2438:
2436:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2412:
2410:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2400:
2399:
2398:
2393:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2369:
2367:
2365:Cardiovascular
2361:
2360:
2358:
2357:
2351:
2349:
2343:
2342:
2340:
2339:
2338:
2337:
2332:
2322:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2313:Ophthalmoscopy
2304:
2302:
2296:
2295:
2293:
2292:
2287:
2285:Blood pressure
2282:
2277:
2271:
2269:
2263:
2262:
2260:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2238:
2236:
2226:
2220:
2219:
2217:
2216:
2215:
2214:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2193:
2191:Progress notes
2188:
2183:
2181:Social history
2178:
2176:Family history
2173:
2168:
2167:
2166:
2156:
2151:
2149:Systems review
2146:
2141:
2135:
2133:
2127:
2126:
2123:history taking
2115:
2114:
2107:
2100:
2092:
2086:
2085:
2078:
2077:External links
2075:
2073:
2072:
2045:(3): 261–272.
2029:
2007:
1995:
1980:
1958:
1947:www.auanet.org
1934:
1910:
1868:
1839:(8): 833–839.
1819:
1808:www.cancer.org
1795:
1737:
1693:
1666:(7): 357–361.
1649:
1638:(10): 1707–8.
1618:
1594:
1570:
1541:(8): 789–792.
1521:
1501:
1454:
1430:
1395:
1348:
1324:
1303:(7): 567–569.
1280:
1233:
1206:(7): 760–763.
1187:
1158:
1130:
1101:(2): 149–154.
1078:
1071:
1053:
1026:
1001:
999:
996:
995:
994:
989:
984:
977:
974:
909:
908:
823:
821:
814:
808:
805:
779:M. Emmet Walsh
733:comedic device
728:
725:
722:Blumer's shelf
701:
698:
697:
696:
687:
669:
662:
661:
660:
648:, Medicare or
633:
619:
612:
610:
607:
606:
605:
590:
583:
576:
565:
558:
544:
540:
525:
504:
488:
480:
473:
437:
434:
426:screening test
379:
378:
371:
368:
367:
360:
354:
353:
346:
340:
339:
336:
330:
329:
326:
318:
317:
309:
308:
291:
290:
246:
244:
237:
230:
229:
188:
186:
179:
172:
171:
86:
84:
77:
72:
46:
45:
43:
36:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3593:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3568:
3566:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3522:
3520:
3518:
3514:
3508:
3504:
3501:
3497:
3494:
3493:
3492:
3489:
3488:
3486:
3482:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3461:Hernia repair
3459:
3458:
3456:
3454:
3450:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3415:
3413:
3411:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3398:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3364:
3362:
3360:
3356:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3324:
3323:
3319:
3316:
3315:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3293:
3291:
3289:
3285:
3281:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3232:
3231:
3228:
3227:
3225:
3223:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3210:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3190:Fecal pH test
3188:
3186:
3183:
3182:
3180:
3178:
3174:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3124:
3121:
3120:Sigmoidoscopy
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3092:
3089:
3088:
3086:
3084:
3080:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3050:
3048:
3046:
3042:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3022:
3020:
3018:
3014:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2982:
2980:
2976:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2929:
2928:
2925:
2924:
2922:
2920:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2907:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2880:
2877:
2876:
2874:
2872:
2868:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2856:Pyloromyotomy
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2835:
2832:
2831:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2799:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2762:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2737:
2733:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2691:Esophagectomy
2689:
2688:
2686:
2684:
2680:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2658:
2654:
2649:
2645:
2637:
2632:
2630:
2625:
2623:
2618:
2617:
2614:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2589:
2585:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2561:
2559:
2557:
2553:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2529:
2528:Gynecological
2525:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2504:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2486:
2483:
2482:
2481:
2480:Mental status
2478:
2477:
2475:
2473:
2469:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2433:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2413:
2411:
2409:
2405:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2388:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2370:
2368:
2366:
2362:
2356:
2353:
2352:
2350:
2348:
2344:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2327:
2326:
2323:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2309:
2306:
2305:
2303:
2301:
2297:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2268:
2264:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2221:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2165:
2162:
2161:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2113:
2108:
2106:
2101:
2099:
2094:
2093:
2090:
2084:
2081:
2080:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2033:
2017:
2011:
2004:
1999:
1991:
1984:
1976:
1972:
1965:
1963:
1948:
1944:
1938:
1924:
1920:
1914:
1906:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1872:
1864:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1823:
1809:
1805:
1799:
1791:
1785:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1741:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1697:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1653:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1622:
1608:
1604:
1598:
1584:
1580:
1574:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1525:
1517:
1516:
1511:
1505:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1458:
1444:
1440:
1434:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1399:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1352:
1338:
1334:
1328:
1320:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1287:
1285:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1240:
1238:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1194:
1192:
1177:
1173:
1167:
1165:
1163:
1148:on 2022-08-12
1147:
1143:
1140:
1134:
1126:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1085:
1083:
1074:
1068:
1064:
1057:
1050:
1040:
1036:
1030:
1016:
1012:
1006:
1002:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
979:
973:
971:
967:
962:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
905:
902:
894:
891:November 2018
883:
880:
876:
873:
869:
866:
862:
859:
855:
852: –
851:
847:
846:Find sources:
840:
836:
830:
829:
824:This article
822:
818:
813:
812:
804:
802:
801:
796:
795:
790:
789:
788:Saints Row IV
784:
780:
776:
775:
770:
769:
764:
763:
758:
757:
752:
751:
746:
745:
740:
739:
734:
723:
718:
716:
711:
707:
694:
693:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
671:
667:
659:reassurance."
657:
656:
651:
647:
642:
638:
634:
632:is preferred.
631:
630:sigmoidoscopy
627:
622:
621:
617:
603:
599:
595:
591:
588:
584:
581:
577:
574:
570:
566:
563:
559:
556:
553:
552:gynecological
549:
545:
541:
538:
534:
530:
526:
523:
522:
517:
516:acute abdomen
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
482:a DRE with a
481:
478:
474:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
442:
441:
433:
431:
427:
423:
419:
414:
412:
408:
402:
397:
393:
389:
388:prostate exam
385:
375:
369:
365:
361:
359:
355:
351:
347:
345:
341:
337:
335:
331:
324:
319:
314:
305:
302:
287:
284:
276:
273:February 2018
266:
265:
260:
254:
252:
245:
236:
235:
226:
223:
215:
212:February 2018
205:
201:
195:
194:
187:
178:
177:
168:
165:
157:
154:February 2018
146:
143:
139:
136:
132:
129:
125:
122:
118:
115: –
114:
110:
109:Find sources:
103:
99:
93:
92:
87:This article
85:
81:
76:
75:
70:
68:
61:
60:
55:
54:
49:
44:
35:
34:
29:
22:
3438:Paracentesis
3252:Liver biopsy
3147:Enteroclysis
3132:Defecography
2987:Appendectomy
2472:Neurological
2426:Bowel sounds
2420:
2383:Heart sounds
2247:Auscultation
2042:
2038:
2032:
2020:. Retrieved
2010:
2002:
1998:
1989:
1983:
1974:
1950:. Retrieved
1946:
1937:
1926:. Retrieved
1923:www.aafp.org
1922:
1913:
1886:
1882:
1871:
1836:
1832:
1822:
1811:. Retrieved
1807:
1798:
1784:cite journal
1751:
1747:
1740:
1710:(2): 86–94.
1707:
1703:
1696:
1663:
1659:
1652:
1635:
1631:
1621:
1610:. Retrieved
1606:
1597:
1586:. Retrieved
1582:
1573:
1538:
1534:
1524:
1513:
1504:
1471:
1467:
1457:
1446:. Retrieved
1442:
1433:
1408:
1404:
1398:
1365:
1361:
1351:
1340:. Retrieved
1336:
1327:
1300:
1296:
1250:
1246:
1203:
1199:
1179:. Retrieved
1175:
1150:. Retrieved
1146:the original
1141:
1133:
1098:
1094:
1062:
1056:
1048:
1042:. Retrieved
1039:ScienceDaily
1038:
1029:
1018:. Retrieved
1014:
1005:
963:
959:septic shock
929:, sublumbar
912:
897:
888:
878:
871:
864:
857:
845:
833:Please help
828:verification
825:
798:
792:
786:
772:
766:
760:
754:
748:
742:
736:
730:
703:
690:
653:
640:
578:to evaluate
519:
512:appendicitis
499:
439:
422:annual exams
415:
387:
383:
382:
297:
279:
270:
262:
251:undue weight
248:
218:
209:
190:
160:
151:
141:
134:
127:
120:
108:
96:Please help
91:verification
88:
64:
57:
51:
50:Please help
47:
3428:Laparoscopy
3284:Gallbladder
3247:Hepatectomy
3177:Stool tests
3115:Proctoscopy
3110:Enteroscopy
3095:Colonoscopy
2979:Large bowel
2959:Jejunostomy
2919:Small bowel
2846:Hill repair
2829:Gastrostomy
2807:Billroth II
2797:Gastrectomy
2701:Sialography
2513:Apgar score
2462:GALS screen
2347:Respiratory
2275:Temperature
2267:Vital signs
2164:Medications
1754:(2): 81–5.
1515:Mayo Clinic
987:Colonoscopy
955:peritonitis
935:anal glands
931:lymph nodes
794:Gaia Online
783:Chevy Chase
768:Letterkenny
715:hemorrhoids
580:hemorrhoids
573:proctoscopy
569:colonoscopy
567:prior to a
458:specificity
454:prostatitis
448:disorders,
358:MedlinePlus
3565:Categories
3491:Laparotomy
3433:Omentopexy
3410:Peritoneum
3045:Anal canal
2824:Gastropexy
2802:Billroth I
2416:Liver span
2280:Heart rate
2257:Percussion
2242:Inspection
2195:Mnemonics
1952:2019-02-20
1928:2019-02-18
1813:2019-10-12
1612:2019-02-07
1588:2019-02-18
1579:"UpToDate"
1448:2019-10-22
1439:"UpToDate"
1342:2019-11-13
1333:"UpToDate"
1181:2019-02-20
1152:2022-01-09
1044:2022-11-19
1020:2022-11-19
998:References
970:long glove
861:newspapers
762:South Park
756:Family Guy
596:problems,
537:neurologic
503:indicator;
124:newspapers
53:improve it
3288:bile duct
3213:Accessory
3091:Endoscopy
3002:Colostomy
2992:Colectomy
2949:Ileostomy
2879:Endoscopy
2812:Roux-en-Y
2683:Esophagus
2408:Abdominal
2252:Palpation
2159:Allergies
1488:1097-6760
1382:0016-5085
947:impaction
710:squatting
700:Procedure
598:parasites
594:digestion
508:diagnosis
477:impotence
446:prostatic
59:talk page
3359:Pancreas
3100:Anoscopy
2541:Pap test
2506:Neonatal
2232:General/
2213:COASTMAP
2059:21251051
2022:July 19,
1975:UpToDate
1905:29801017
1863:20383599
1776:29833684
1768:15657155
1732:24639260
1724:15657156
1688:22573405
1680:22766663
1644:16734049
1557:17868406
1496:17391807
1425:22883714
1319:28699947
1275:20602869
1267:11316179
1220:29601803
1125:29531107
976:See also
923:prostate
750:Futurama
506:for the
334:ICD-9-CM
191:may not
2736:Stomach
2325:Hearing
2067:3372919
1854:2896587
1390:3263294
1228:5046971
1142:Pri-Med
1116:5847354
927:urethra
875:scholar
777:, with
548:females
487:anemia;
403:
350:D051517
257:Please
198:Please
138:scholar
3581:Rectum
3453:Hernia
3017:Rectum
2556:Sports
2387:Other
2204:OPQRST
2199:SAMPLE
2065:
2057:
1903:
1861:
1851:
1774:
1766:
1730:
1722:
1686:
1678:
1642:
1565:639158
1563:
1555:
1494:
1486:
1423:
1388:
1380:
1317:
1273:
1265:
1226:
1218:
1123:
1113:
1069:
951:rectal
939:horses
933:, and
877:
870:
863:
856:
848:
774:Fletch
466:septic
407:rectum
364:007069
140:
133:
126:
119:
111:
3535:UKELD
3484:Other
3222:Liver
2574:RED-S
2335:Rinne
2330:Weber
2300:HEENT
2063:S2CID
1772:S2CID
1728:S2CID
1684:S2CID
1561:S2CID
1271:S2CID
1224:S2CID
966:stock
943:colic
937:. In
882:JSTOR
868:books
646:HEDIS
602:organ
500:black
436:Usage
392:Latin
372:[
338:89.34
249:lend
145:JSTOR
131:books
3530:PELD
3525:MELD
3332:MRCP
3306:ERCP
2234:IPPA
2209:SOAP
2121:and
2055:PMID
2024:2014
1901:PMID
1883:JAMA
1859:PMID
1790:link
1764:PMID
1720:PMID
1676:PMID
1640:PMID
1553:PMID
1492:PMID
1484:ISSN
1421:PMID
1386:PMID
1378:ISSN
1315:PMID
1263:PMID
1216:PMID
1121:PMID
1067:ISBN
957:and
919:dogs
854:news
797:and
706:anus
529:anal
484:FOBT
428:for
401:lit.
344:MeSH
117:news
3337:PTC
2679:SGs
2047:doi
1891:doi
1887:319
1849:PMC
1841:doi
1756:doi
1752:142
1712:doi
1708:142
1668:doi
1664:105
1543:doi
1476:doi
1413:doi
1370:doi
1305:doi
1255:doi
1208:doi
1204:131
1111:PMC
1103:doi
913:In
837:by
664:In
614:In
571:or
546:in
535:or
510:of
498:or
202:or
100:by
3567::
3505:/
3327:IV
3320::
3286:,
3093::
2681:/
2061:.
2053:.
2043:45
2041:.
1973:.
1961:^
1945:.
1921:.
1899:.
1885:.
1881:.
1857:.
1847:.
1837:25
1835:.
1831:.
1806:.
1786:}}
1782:{{
1770:.
1762:.
1750:.
1726:.
1718:.
1706:.
1682:.
1674:.
1662:.
1636:73
1634:.
1630:.
1605:.
1581:.
1559:.
1551:.
1539:10
1537:.
1533:.
1512:.
1490:.
1482:.
1472:50
1470:.
1466:.
1441:.
1419:.
1409:43
1407:.
1384:.
1376:.
1366:95
1364:.
1360:.
1335:.
1313:.
1301:12
1299:.
1295:.
1283:^
1269:.
1261:.
1251:96
1249:.
1236:^
1222:.
1214:.
1202:.
1190:^
1174:.
1161:^
1119:.
1109:.
1099:16
1097:.
1093:.
1081:^
1047:.
1037:.
1013:.
791:,
765:,
759:,
753:,
747:,
741:,
600:,
564:);
494:,
432:.
413:.
398:,
394::
62:.
2746:)
2635:e
2628:t
2621:v
2111:e
2104:t
2097:v
2069:.
2049::
2026:.
1977:.
1955:.
1931:.
1907:.
1893::
1865:.
1843::
1816:.
1792:)
1778:.
1758::
1734:.
1714::
1690:.
1670::
1646:.
1615:.
1591:.
1567:.
1545::
1518:.
1498:.
1478::
1451:.
1427:.
1415::
1392:.
1372::
1345:.
1321:.
1307::
1277:.
1257::
1230:.
1210::
1184:.
1155:.
1127:.
1105::
1075:.
1023:.
904:)
898:(
893:)
889:(
879:·
872:·
865:·
858:·
831:.
589:;
575:;
390:(
376:]
304:)
298:(
286:)
280:(
275:)
271:(
255:.
225:)
219:(
214:)
210:(
206:.
196:.
167:)
161:(
156:)
152:(
142:·
135:·
128:·
121:·
94:.
69:)
65:(
30:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
