784:
449:
775:(Ribbentrop stated that he preferred Germany to have all of the Canaries but was prepared to be magnanimous by taking only one); that Germany be allowed air and naval bases in Spanish Morocco with extraterritorial rights; German companies to be given control of the mines in Spanish Morocco; and finally Ribbentrop wanted an economic treaty that would have turned Spain into an economic colony of Germany. For the pro-Axis Serrano Suñer, who had been expecting the Germans to treat Spain as an ally and an equal, to learn that the Germans viewed Spain as little more than a
771:, he said: "Geographically speaking, Portugal has no right to exist". Additionally, Serrano Suñer wanted generous promises of German military and economic support before Spain entered the war. Serrano Suñer and Ribbentrop did not get along and they soon developed an intense mutual hatred of one another. Ribbentrop told Serrano Suñer that in return for military and economic aid and allowing the return of Gibraltar, Germany wanted to annex at least one of the
895:, consulted in January 1941 with Hans Lazar, the press secretary of the German embassy, and told him that a Serrano Suñer government would commit to the Axis powers and thus asked for him to arrange for the Nazis to back his mentor publicly. However, it is unclear whether Gamero was working on his own initiative and Hitler was disappointed that Serrano Suñer had not tried harder to help Germany and called him the "gravedigger of the new Spain".
868:
77:
36:
179:
688:(1 February 1938 – 9 August 1939). When Franco amalgamated that ministry with the Ministry of Public Order ("Ministerio de Orden Público" in Spanish), a new name was created, the "Ministerio de la Gobernación", but the new name is now usually translated as "Ministry of the Interior". The merger was made by Franco on 9 August 1939, when Serrano Suñer became "Ministro de la Gobernación".
864:, were allowed at the exhaustive and inconclusive political meetings. By morning the meeting ended with no compromise. Serrano Suñer was later to say of the Hendaye summit that because of General Franco's obsession with Morocco, that if only Hitler had offered him French Morocco, then Spain would have entered the war in October 1940.
282:
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was a great shock. During his visits to Berlin, Serrano Suñer, who had started to rethink the wisdom of Spain entering the war, was overruled by Franco, who was keen to enter the war as soon as possible on the Axis side before
Britain was defeated. Franco, in his letters to Serrano Suñer, praised
600:
was Ramón
Serrano Suñer's illegitimate daughter by the Marquis of Llanzol's wife but he never recognized her. Not knowing they were half-siblings, Carmen and Ramón Serrano Suñer y Polo fell in love and were only prevented from marrying at the last minute. She later became the Chief of Cabinet,
910:, which started on 22 June 1941. On 23 June, upon receiving the news, he met with Franco in El Pardo, and the Council of Ministers passed a resolution thereafter concerning the sending of a division of Spanish volunteers to the front. A day after, on 24 June, he declaimed his famous invective
956:
After World War II, he wrote a persuasive letter to Franco, calling for a transitional government that would have room for intellectuals in exile. When Franco received the letter, he wrote a derisive "Ho-ho." in its margin. Serrano Suñer ultimately retired from public life in 1947.
806:, who, since November 1937 represented the rebellious Franco and, from March 1939, represented Francisco Franco until March 1945. He had been formerly a Minister of Public Instruction, later Minister of State, 1930–1931, under the dictatorship of General
637:
to flee to the
Falange in the spring of 1936. After the military coup of July 1936 and the outbreak of the civil war, he was locked in a Republican prison. He escaped in October 1936, dressed as a woman, and was then helped by the
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during the latter's spell in Spain, and provided for Salan's transfer to
Algeria so he could carry out the attempted generals' coup in April. Also by that time, Serrano operated too as a link between Salan and Portuguese dictator
406:
1715:
695:, decreasing the political power of the Secretary General in favour of a newly created office, the President of the Political Council, to which he was appointed on 9 August 1936. He felt the office of
1204:
Moral Roncal, Antonio Manuel (2015). "Bases partidistas, élites neutrales. El carlismo ante la
Segunda Guerra Mundial". In Moral Roncal, Antonio Manuel; González Martín, Francisco Javier (eds.).
1264:
Ruiz Franco, Rosario (2015). "Mujeres para el frente ruso: la Sección
Femenina de Falange y la División Azul". In Moral Roncal, Antonio Manuel; González Martín, Francisco Javier (eds.).
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857:
937:, an anticommunist pact concluded between Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan (later to be joined by other countries) directed against the Communist International (Comintern) or
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y Martínez-Valdés in
October 1923. Ramón Serrano Suñer and Zita Polo had six children: Fernando, Francisco, Jaime Javier, José, María del Pilar and Ramón Serrano-Suñer y Polo.
1017:
1578:, forewords and initial study by Carlos Seco Serrano. (Selección y glosas de Rafael Gómez- Jordana Prats). Burgos: Dossoles, 2002. "Colección La Valija Diplomática". 311 pp.
1561:
Info on a book, 672 pages, by Rojo
Cagigal, Juan Carlos . Azagra Ros, Joaquín Pedro . Arana Pérez, Ignacio . Echániz Ortúñez, José and others, 13 economists in total .
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Ramón
Serrano Suñer and Francisco Franco were co-brothers-in-law, since the two married two sisters: Serrano Suñer married Ramona (Zita) Polo y Martínez-Valdés, in
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to discuss how Spain might best enter the war on the Axis side. During the meeting, Serrano Suñer presented a "shopping list" to
Ribbentrop, saying Spain wanted
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Hitler as a wise statesman and dismissed Ribbentrop's demands as the product of a man who failed to appreciate properly what Spain had to offer the Axis.
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on 20 February 1937, where Franco was in office at the time. It was there that he could work with Franco to participate for the rebels in the civil war.
948:, Serrano Suñer was forced to resign as foreign minister and president of the political council of the Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las JONS.
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with the thousands of repatriated Italian soldiers who had fought by the side of Franco in Spain against the Republicans. He was appointed the 263rd
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Preston, Paul "Franco and Hitler: The Myth of Hendaye 1940" pages 1-16 from Contemporary European History, Volume 1, Issue # 1, March 1992 page 14.
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Although Serrano Suñer had played a major role in establishing the Spanish state under Franco, being so influential as to be nicknamed the
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in Falangist politics. The two brothers-in-law had some intraparty conflicts of their own, as Serrano Suñer accused Franco of riding on a "
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17:
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as an Army Commandant in 1926. Already as a colonel, he was the predecessor of Serrano Suñer as a Spanish Minister of Foreign Affairs.
832:", and Franco viewed Serrano Suñer as increasingly becoming a thorn in the side of his party who criticised too many of its policies.
887:"), and despite Serrano Suñer's advocating Spain's joining the Axis powers, Franco opted for Spain to remain a nonbelligerent during
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856:, while Adolf Hitler sat between the Spanish Foreign Affairs Minister Ramón Serrano Suñer and the Spanish Ambassador at Berlin,
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794:, being honoured by Spanish soldiers. Ramón Serrano Suñer is in a dark uniform then worn by the Spanish Falange Party leaders.
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553:. Although he was an excellent student, his father disapproved of his plans to become a lawyer. He enrolled at Madrid's
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484:, Serrano Suñer came to embody the most totalitarian impetus within the regime. Serrano Suñer was known for his pro-
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Just one week after Serrano Suñer was promoted to Minister of Foreign Affairs, on 23 October 1940, Franco and
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caucus (1936), and then Interior Minister and Foreign Affairs Minister. A neofalangist originally from the
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In September 1940, the strongly pro-Axis Serrano Suñer visited Berlin to meet the German Foreign Minister
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923:) rallying a revanchist mood during a speech delivered from the balcony of the FET-JONS headquarters.
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821:(18 October 1940 – 3 September 1942) because of his skill at building a relationship with Mussolini.
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Catholicism, War and the Foundation of Francoism: The Juventud de Acción Popular in Spain, 1931-1939
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press-agency, in 1939. Serrano Suñer also founded the Radio Intercontinental radio network in 1950.
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While Serrano Suñer had been Minister of the Interior, the Minister of Foreign Affairs was General
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that states a Knowledge editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.
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472:(12 September 1901 – 1 September 2003), was a Spanish politician during the first stages of the
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Very Deeply Dyed in Black: Sir Oswald Mosley and the Resurrection of British Fascism After 1945
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railway station in France, near the Spanish border. There, Serrano Suñer met with Ribbentrop.
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852:, head interpreter of the German Chancellor, reported that Franco sat between Ribbentrop and
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on 6 February 1932, whom he had met shortly after moving to Zaragoza in 1931. Franco married
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565:, and founder of the Falange), he developed a taste for falangism while spending a year in
8:
964:, taking him to the tomb of José Antonio Primo de Rivera. In 1961, in the context of the
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860:. However, neither the Spanish Ambassador at Berlin nor the German Ambassador at Madrid,
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Serrano Suñer was the founder of the 67,000-strong Spanish blind people's organization
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on 16 October 1940. Just the day before, 15 October 1940, the former president of the
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On 25 November 1941 he signed in Berlin the revision of the pact of 25 November 1936
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Meanwhile, even on becoming Minister of Foreign Affairs, Serrano Suñer had to accept
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Even though he was working with Franco, he objected to the increasing role of the
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or the "most brother-in-law" (in comparison, the dictator himself was styled as
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In 1949, Serrano Suñer sponsored the visit to Spain of British Fascist leader
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Preston, Paul "Franco and Hitler: The Myth of Hendaye 1940" pages 1-16 from
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Preston, Paul "Franco and Hitler: The Myth of Hendaye 1940" pages 1-16 from
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Hitler and the Forgotten Nazis: A History of Austrian National Socialism
1604:. Former American Professor Charles B. Burdick biography can be seen at:
1515:"La Etapa de Ramón Serrano Súñer en el Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores"
1018:"La Etapa de Ramón Serrano Súñer en el Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores"
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but did not join it either. He had called the members of the youth wing
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Historia de la Iglesia en España, 1931-1939: La Guerra Civil, 1936-1939
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Las potencies internacionales ante la dictadura española (1944-1950)
476:, between 1938 and 1942, when he held the posts of President of the
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Los españoles ante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Políticas y recuerdos
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Los españoles ante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Políticas y recuerdos
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A short biography in Spanish (December 2002), based on Ana Romero,
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Members of the Congress of Deputies of the Second Spanish Republic
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545:, the fifth of seven children born to an engineer working in the
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Milicia y diplomacia: los diarios del Conde de Jordana 1936-1944
723:, along with the extradition of Basque Minister of the Interior
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In June 1939, Serrano Suñer had been back to Italy to present
1417:"Las fuentes orales y la historiografía del fascismo español"
981:, an enthusiastic supporter of Salan's putschist intentions.
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1596:.Syracuse Univ. Press, Syracuse, U.S.A., (1968). 228 pages.
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of Spanish volunteers to fight with the Germans against the
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although he did not formally join in the CEDA. Prior to the
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personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay
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Spanish people of the Spanish Civil War (National faction)
883:, which translates as supreme brother-in-law (a joke on "
530:
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Espacio, Tiempo y Forma, Serie V, Historia Contemporánea
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To make up for that failure, Serrano Suñer proposed the
629:, he distanced himself from the CEDA and approached the
286:
Serrano Suñer during a visit to the headquarters of the
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Suñer also managed to re-elaborate the statutes of the
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Government ministers during the Francoist dictatorship
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Germany's Military strategy and Spain in World War II
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Servicio de publicaciones de la Universidad de Alcalá
1210:
Servicio de publicaciones de la Universidad de Alcalá
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Historia de Carmen. Memoria de Carmen Díez de Rivera,
738:, formerly a Military Attaché at the Spanish Embassy
711:. On 13 August, Companys had been handed over by the
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María Luisa Mataix, "Carmen Díez de Rivera e Icaza".
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101:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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727:, who had served under Republican Prime Minister
605:'s right wing coalition and later as a socialist
557:to study law, just the same. A fellow student of
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972:, Serrano Suñer was the main Spanish support to
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1334:Cahiers de civilisation espagnole contemporaine
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263: and the second or maternal family name is
1330:"España y el golpe de estado contra De Gaulle"
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693:Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las JONS
1648:Newspaper clippings about Ramón Serrano Suñer
1526:Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia
1044:"El último dirigente vivo de la Guerra Civil"
911:
1203:
1559:Cien Empresarios Españoles del Siglo Veinte
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347:16 October 1940 – 3 September 1942
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
984:Serrano Suñer died on 1 September 2003 in
946:Basilica of Begoña incident of August 1942
317:30 January 1938 – 16 October 1940
280:
1384:"Ramón Serrano Suner, 101, a Franco Aide"
1341:
1327:
1158:, Volume 1, Issue # 1, March 1992 page 6.
1145:, Volume 1, Issue # 1, March 1992 page 5.
988:, eleven days before his 102nd birthday.
661:, Franco's brother, probably to the 10th
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237:Learn how and when to remove this message
219:Learn how and when to remove this message
161:Learn how and when to remove this message
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782:
512:, for which he was informally nicknamed
1741:Spanish collaborators with Nazi Germany
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707:, had been executed by firing squad in
529:on 13 December 1938, as well as of the
492:, when he supported the sending of the
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1636:, University of North Carolina Press.
802:, 17th Duke of Alba, as ambassador to
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601:ranking as Secretary of State, under
1691:Foreign relations of Francoist Spain
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790:at Madrid Northern Railway Station,
684:Serrano Suñer served as Nationalist
504:. He was also the brother-in-law of
416:Ramona (Zita) Polo y Martínez-Valdés
172:
99:adding citations to reliable sources
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29:
1424:Revista de Historia Jerónimo Zurita
917:
621:within the group of the right-wing
541:He was born Ramón Serrano Suñer in
24:
1706:Members of the State Lawyers Corps
1448:El Movimiento Nacional (1937-1977)
646:, from where he was able to reach
25:
1762:
1721:Politicians from Cartagena, Spain
1613:Memorias de Carmen Diez de Rivera
1552:
1513:Marquina Barrio, Antonio (1989).
944:In September 1942, following the
719:to the Spanish policeman and spy
607:member of the European Parliament
45:This article has multiple issues.
858:Eugenio Espinosa de los Monteros
800:Jacobo Fitz-James Stuart y Falcó
667:Reichsparteitag Grossdeutschland
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53:or discuss these issues on the
1751:World War II political leaders
1370:Salazar: A Political Biography
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27:Spanish politician (1901–2003)
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1681:FET y de las JONS politicians
1156:Contemporary European History
1143:Contemporary European History
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736:Juan Luis Beigbeder y Atienza
591:Carmen Díez de Rivera e Icaza
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1608:Madrid Carmen Díez de Rivera
1450:. Barcelona: Grupo Planeta.
1372:. Enigma Books. p. 512.
1241:Ministerio de la Presidencia
631:Falange Española de las JONS
559:José Antonio Primo de Rivera
255:, the first or paternal
7:
1701:Interior ministers of Spain
1652:20th Century Press Archives
891:. Serrano Suñer's protégé,
836:Involvement in World War II
819:Minister of Foreign Affairs
761:"which belonged to Spain's
335:Minister of Foreign Affairs
10:
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1686:Foreign ministers of Spain
1415:Ellwood, Sheelagh (1987).
1366:Ribeiro De Meneses, Filipe
1328:Aït Yahia, Karima (2013).
617:Suñer was a member of the
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1632:Pauley, Bruce F. (1981).
1619:Entre Hendaya y Gibraltar
1533:Redondo, Gonzalo (1993).
968:against French president
893:Pedro Gamero del Castillo
871:Serrano Suñer (left) and
753:from the British; all of
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1313:. Londres and New York:
1309:Macklin, Graham (2007).
1193:250. Infanterie-Division
921: Russia is guilty!
715:authorities of occupied
701:Generalitat of Catalonia
686:Minister of the Interior
681:with Germany, in March.
496:to fight along with the
328:Valentín Galarza Morante
305:Minister of the Interior
1726:Spanish anti-communists
1470:La estirpe del camaleón
1233:Güell, Casilda (2009).
875:(right) in Berlin, 1940
854:Walther von Brauchitsch
1466:Gil Pecharromán, Julio
1444:Gil Pecharromán, Julio
1183:, London: 1995, p. 415
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873:Joachim von Ribbentrop
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747:Joachim von Ribbentrop
721:Pedro Urraca Rendueles
613:Early political career
563:Miguel Primo de Rivera
474:Francoist dictatorship
199:by rewriting it in an
1746:Spanish propagandists
1617:Ramón Serrano Súñer,
1496:Sussex Academic Press
870:
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110:"Ramón Serrano Suñer"
1731:Spanish centenarians
1592:Charles B. Burdick.
1297:Marquina Barrio 1989
1117:Gil Pecharromán 2013
1005:Gil Pecharromán 2019
908:Operation Barbarossa
862:Eberhard von Stohrer
551:Castelló de la Plana
95:improve this article
1537:. Ediciones Rialp.
1317:. pp. 100–101.
1063:Ramón Serrano Suñer
1052:. 2 September 2003.
935:Anti-Comintern Pact
913:¡Rusia es culpable!
830:cult of personality
725:Julián Zugazagoitia
673:, to celebrate the
642:navy in getting to
574:State Lawyers Corps
470:Ramón Serrano Suñer
438:Universidad Central
427:(co-brother-in-law)
292:Berlin-Lichterfelde
274:Ramón Serrano Suñer
18:Ramón Serrano Súñer
1392:. 4 September 2003
1389:The New York Times
1083:Editorial Planeta.
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669:in German) of the
555:Central University
201:encyclopedic style
188:is written like a
1627:978-84-08-10417-9
1602:978-0-608-18105-9
1567:978-84-88717-27-6
1505:978-1-84519-373-7
1479:978-84-306-2301-3
1457:978-84-08-12138-1
1343:10.4000/ccec.4412
1279:978-84-16133-89-5
1250:978-84-937244-3-6
1219:978-84-16133-89-5
1024:on 2 October 2011
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1394:. Retrieved
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88:verification
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1671:1901 births
1396:4 September
974:Raoul Salan
844:met at the
729:Juan Negrín
697:Gobernación
594: [
585:Carmen Polo
510:Carmen Polo
486:Third Reich
1665:Categories
1528:: 145–167.
1472:. Taurus.
1315:I.B.Tauris
1239:. Madrid:
992:References
952:Later life
881:Cuñadísimo
764:Lebensraum
671:Nazi Party
537:Early life
514:Cuñadísimo
459:Cuñadísimo
433:Alma mater
121:newspapers
50:improve it
1629:, (2011).
1488:Lowe, Sid
1436:0044-5517
1430:: 65–79.
1352:1957-7761
1105:Lowe 2010
1028:2 October
939:Komintern
751:Gibraltar
709:Barcelona
675:Anschluss
655:Nuremberg
648:Salamanca
640:Argentine
576:in 1924.
547:Valencian
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444:Signature
421:Relations
379:Cartagena
343:In office
313:In office
151:July 2007
56:talk page
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1490:(2010).
1468:(2019).
1446:(2013).
1368:(2009).
1049:El Mundo
769:Portugal
549:port of
508:'s wife
456:Nickname
251:In this
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1650:in the
928:Germany
918:transl.
846:Hendaye
759:Algeria
713:Gestapo
679:Austria
567:Bologna
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381:, Spain
261:Serrano
257:surname
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1518:(PDF)
1420:(PDF)
932:Japan
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265:Suñer
142:JSTOR
128:books
1638:ISBN
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1398:2003
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1274:ISBN
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1214:ISBN
1030:2011
757:and
623:CEDA
527:ONCE
482:CEDA
386:Died
373:Born
114:news
1656:ZBW
1338:doi
635:JAP
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