247:
728:
However, this person who wages war in Kandy has many merits and he has now lost his merits. On his return from the defeat at Balana, he died in March 1592. The reason for his death was a wound caused by a pointed bamboo-segment at
Pethangoda while returning to sitawaka. Rajawaliya further recorded that the death was a result of the black magic (suniyam) imposed on him by the Dodampe Ganithaya though it is now suspected that the cause of his death was tetanus caused by the binding of animal faeces to the open wound. Alakeshwara war reported that he was cremated at Mahanuwara which means the then capital Sitawaka.
572:
611:) which had been abandoned in the field. The shot fell among a line of Sitawakan soldiers, and killed many. It must have shocked the Sitawaka forces because they stopped attacking. Taking advantage of the lull, the Portuguese managed to retreat through a wood. Although the Sitawakans were no longer pressing the attack, Portuguese sources provide names of six soldiers who were killed in this wood by Sitawaka forces using musket fire alone. Some Portuguese soldiers retreated using boats.
384:, Veediye Bandara was decisively defeated by Tikiri Bandara. According to the "Alakeshwara War", this battle was fierce and legendary, following which Tikiri Bandara was called "Rajasinha". Rajawaliya states that the title Rajasinha which implies "Lion who is the king of kings" was given to him following this famous battle.
375:
In another such adventure, Mayadunne initiated a campaign to destroy
Veediye Bandara primarily due to (1) the ill-treatment meted out to Mayadunne's daughter Tikiri Kumari, the wife of Veediya Bandara and (2) his failure to support Mayadunne in waging war against the Kandyan ruler. Combined Sitawaka
715:
In the Sath korale region, a prince named
Pothupala Bandara rebelled against Rajasinha with the support of the Portuguese. The rebellion was suppressed and all leaders who had supported the rebellion were beheaded. According to the Manadarampura Puwatha, prelates were involved in an attempt to make
703:
at these centres. Under the advice of
Mannamperuma Mohottala, he razed many Buddhist religious sites to the ground. The discontent this caused among the Buddhist public and prelates was a major reason for the downfall of the kingdom. Annexation of the Kandyan kingdom and the killing of many royals
654:
region. The
Arachchies of Maggona abandoned their previous duty of protecting the Maggona fort due to Dharmapala of Kotte's betrayals and the decision to grant the Kingdom of Kotte to his proteges via a deed. Eventually, many Sinhalese changed their names to Portuguese ones but continued to observe
510:
Retreating
Sitawakan forces took refuge in a narrow pass that had been fortified earlier. Against the better judgment of veteran soldiers, de Menezes ordered to attack on the fortified pass. But now reorganized and well entrenched, Wickramasinghe Mudali managed to repulse repeated waves of attacks.
387:
While
Rajasinha waged his war against the Portuguese, King Karaliyadde Bandara utilized Portuguese soldiers to protect his Kandyan kingdom. Infuriated by this relationship with Portuguese invaders, with the support of Weerasundera Mudali of Peradeniya, Rajasinha led his troops up to the entry point
368:
to flee to Kotte and wait for his orders, but they refused. Veediya
Bandara was angry and ordered them to fall back and carry the body of the loyal commander-general of his bodyguard, Maggona Arachchi, his childhood friend. He decided to surrender to prince Tikiri who in time, distinguished himself
341:
attacked
Veediya Bandara's men and took them by complete surprise. Unprepared and outnumbered, they endured a heavy defeat for the misjudgment of their leader. Veediya Bandara himself retreated with several of his guards only to be betrayed by them, as Prince Tikiri had announced a hefty price for
493:
Meanwhile, a
Portuguese detachment under Jorge de Menezes and Jorge de Melo successfully surprised the retreating Sitawakan border guards in a sneak attack at dawn. They captured a smaller stockade on the southern bank, killing the garrison of 300 men. Encouraged by this early success, de Menezes
670:
King Rajasinghe I appointed a South Indian named Aritta Kivendu as his chief advisor and acted on his advice. He was awarded the title Mannamperuma Mohottala. King Rajasinha arranged the marriage of Mannamperuma Mohottala to a sister of a junior queen known as the "iron daughter" He reverted to
727:
started a rebellion in Kandy. First, he defeated the troops led by the general Aritta Kiwnendu. Secondly, Konappu Bandara defeated troops led by King Rajasinha himself. Rajawaliya reported that he withdrew saying that there was no king in front of him who fought valiantly from 11 years of age.
595:
broke through the Portuguese ranks. The battle soon became an intense melee; unable to reload, the Portuguese had to use their muskets as clubs. The intensity of the battle described in Portuguese sources by accounts of men trying to stop elephants with banner staffs, and a soldier attacking
626:
of Koratota, Hewagama, Korale, and Hokanrdara, rewarding them for their vital charge against the Portuguese rear. He also bestowed the new name "Hewagama" (also called Hewakam or Hewapanne) upon a Korale general due to his service during the battle; his previous name has not survived in the
579:
Tikiri Bandara, mounted on a horse, led the center on a full frontal attack. His force was arranged in divisions (Jayasundara division, Vijayasundara division), but the targe bearers, war elephants, and horses charged mingled together to prevent the Portuguese from reloading their
599:
Tikiri Bandara rode throughout the battle line, encouraging men to continuously press the attack and to close the gaps. Once the Portuguese managed to retreat through a gap in the line and found that Sitawakan forces hurrying on to the next pass to cut off their retreat again.
477:
of Aturigiri Korale, Hewagam Korale, Koratota, and Hokandara areas to further bolster his numbers. Surprisingly, previously fierce enemies of Sitawaka, the younger Maggona Arachchi, sons of late General Maggona Arachchi, joined with Sithawaka forces to destroy the armies of
376:
and Portuguese troops attacked Veediye Bandara's fort at Pelenda, chasing him down to Devundara and capturing Tikiri Kumari. Sitwaka troops were led by twelve-year-old Tikiri Bandara. Veediye Bandara re-grouped with the troops of the Kandyan leader and reached Salpiti
716:
Konappu Bandara the king of Kandy. This conspiracy was exposed leading to the execution of hundreds of Buddhist prelates. Mandaram Pura Puwatha reported that in one place, 121 monks were killed by Rajasinha. One of the notable victims was the chief prelate of
563:
Meanwhile, the Portuguese found their rear blocked by large trees and the enemy close by, so they drew up themselves (arranged in battle ranks) in an open area at Mulleriyawa. (Rajavaliya specific about the fact that Sitawaka forces attacked an enemy army in
704:
are also believed to have contributed to the decline. His cruel approach to Buddhism ignited anti-government rebellions with the involvement of Buddhist prelates. This gave rise to conflict with the Buddhist prelates. Traces of the era exist in temples like
506:
The battle was short and the Sitawakans were defeated. They retreated towards Hewagama leaving 200 dead, pursued by the Portuguese. Wickramasinghe Mudali was himself wounded. Jorge de Menezes wanted to annihilate the Sitawakans and pressed the pursuit.
556:
Then he reinforced Wickramasinghe Mudali's remaining forces with elephants and elite targe bearers and deployed them in left and right wings. Their exact role is not known but probably their orders were to secure flanks and to stand by as reserves.
584:. Targe bearers advanced under the cover of the elephants to avoid fire (“clinging to the tails of the elephants” – Rajavaliya). At the same time, the mixed force of militia and targe bearers attacked from the rear and flank and joined the fight.
290:
Rajasinhaif, so if he had committed patricide, Queros would have reported it without fail. However, in his lengthy account, Queros said that Mayadunne died of natural causes after living 85 years. According to him, Rajasinha returned to
469:
on the northern bank. It was strategically located, (current day Udumapitigama) controlling the river and land route to Sitawaka. Therefore, by capturing it the Portuguese expected to use it as a launching pad for the coming invasion.
446:) to take over. He took over the office in the year 1559 and claimed that he intend to finish the enemy that brought him to the island. De Menezes marched out, triggering the events that eventually led to the battle of Mulleriyawa.
497:
Tikiri Bandara was aware of the movements of de Menezes and de Melo and sent a force under Wickramasinghe Mudali to check their advance. These armies met at the village of Mulleriyawa one hour before dawn.
258:, Mayadunne had turned the kingdom over to Rajasinha in 1578 before his death in 1581. There are various narratives surrounding Rajasinha's role in his father's death. As per Thibbotuwawe Buddharakhitha's
395:, the Sinhalese army, simply equipped with swords and their ancient fighting method called Angam Pora, defeated the entire Portuguese army. According to Queros, though he solicited the support from
372:
As a captive of Prince Tikiri, Veediya Bandara fell in love with the sister of Prince Tikiri and the daughter of King Mayadunne. He managed to escape with the help of the princess and they married.
662:
Names of two war elephants: “Viridudassaya” of Jayasundara division who captured an enemy standard and “Airavana” of Vijayasundara division who captured a shield and a chain appear in chronicles.
334:, he made haste to descend upon the army of Kandy before it joined forces with Mayadunne. Afterwards, his army invaded and captured the Kingdom of Sitawaka as Mayadunne fled without a fight.
705:
403:
troops, the non-availability of a naval fleet caused by the Portuguese raids of port towns affected his endeavors to cleanse the country from invaders despite his remarkable sieges of
380:
to attack Sitawaka troops. He was defeated by Tikiri Bandara again. He fled to Kanda uda rata and returned to Alut Nuwara with the troops of the Kandyan king. After a fierce battle at
1259:
867:
849:
1553:
361:
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De Menezes renewed the attack, but his men withdrew against his orders to hold back. Exhausted and low on ammunition they were forced to rest at the village of Mulleriyawa.
270:
by Buddhist monks, so conflicts arose between him and the monks. As a result, he followed an anti-Buddhist line. However, others believe that important sources such as the
494:
prepared his forces to capture the grand stockade of Mapitigama. At this moment, he received reports of Sitawakan forces in a meadow (Hewagama) and ordered a night march.
522:
with sand, and if they did not shoot, they might finish the fight with the sword, because such brave Portuguese had no need of arms as long as they had nails and teeth.”
246:
1379:
1130:
C. Gaston Perera. Kandy fights the Portuguese – A military history of Kandyan resistance. Vijithayapa Publications:Sri Lanka; June 2007. p. 360, referencing do Couto,
720:. Support of the maha sangha which had been a pillar of strength for Mayadunne and Tikiri Bandara to mobilize public support for the Sitawaka kingdom rapidly eroded.
614:
Those who escaped found refuge in the smaller stockade they had captured in the early part of the campaign. However, many were wounded and their pride was shaken.
365:
473:
King Mayadunne received the news of this invasion force and sent an army under the command of his son Rajasimha toward Hewagama. On arrival, he summoned the
1546:
343:
357:
311:
monarch, he had to battle with numerous internal forces—some regional and individual, supported directly and indirectly by forces from Portugal.
1072:
C. Gaston Perera. Kandy fights the Portuguese – A military history of Kandyan resistance. Vijithayapa Publications:Sri Lanka; June 2007. pp. 367-368,
1539:
954:
C. Gaston Perera. Kandy fights the Portuguese – A military history of Kandyan resistance. Vijithayapa Publications:Sri Lanka; June 2007. p. 365,
1372:
1089:
Fernao de Queyroz. The temporal and spiritual conquest of Ceylon. AES reprint. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services ; 1995. pp. 346-347,
514:
These futile efforts exhausted the Portuguese and consumed their ammunition reserves. When the captains approached de Menezes regarding low
1033:
Fernao de Queyroz. The temporal and spiritual conquest of Ceylon. AES reprint. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services; 1995. pp. 345-346,
450:
1290:
1285:
1246:
560:
Finally, Tikiri Bandara deployed the remaining targe bearers, war elephants, and cavalry in the center and assumed the command himself.
353:
fought to his death to protect Veediya Bandara, when Prince Tikiri Bandara Rajasinha, son of Mayadunne, arrived with a massive force.
1365:
1113:
Fernao de Queyroz. The temporal and spiritual conquest of Ceylon. AES reprint. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services; 1995. p. 347,
1055:
Fernao de Queyroz. The temporal and spiritual conquest of Ceylon. AES reprint. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services; 1995. p. 346,
1016:
Fernao de Queyroz. The temporal and spiritual conquest of Ceylon. AES reprint. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services; 1995. p. 345,
911:
Fernao de Queyroz. The temporal and spiritual conquest of Ceylon. AES reprint. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services; 1995. p. 344,
708:(Bhairava-andi kovil) in Sitawaka and the worship of other Shaivite deities by the Sinhalese, like the syncretic Natha deviyo, Sella
1881:
603:
The Portuguese had almost given up themselves when something unexpected happened. A soldier named António Dias de Lomba fired a
391:
The battle with the Portuguese in Mulleriyawa was the bloodiest fought to date. While the Portuguese had guns and more advanced
1225:
794:
1135:
1077:
959:
945:
Joao de Baros, Diogo do Couto. Decadas da Asia. Translated by D.W. Ferguson in JRASCB Vol XX, No.60; Colombo 1909. p. 206.
1818:
1406:
630:
The Arachchi of Koratota was gifted Bandara's sword, and to this day his descendants (who have changed their surname to
568:, on the other hand, according to Portuguese sources they were ambushed by a force of war elephants while withdrawing.)
453:
from 1559 to 1560 which places the battle sometime after May 1559 and at the same time questions the above date (1562).
349:
It is said that 50 traitors of the Kingdom of Kotte fought with Veediya Bandara and his men to win that hefty price and
274:
and “Alakeshwara War“ would have said so if he had killed his father. João Rebairo does not record a patricide either.
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were issued pardons by Bandara and were ordered by him to relocate from Maggona to the kingdom's borders to guard its
1632:
1343:
1152:
1118:
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1021:
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Generally, the recorded period of Rajasinha's reign starts from 1581 to 1592. However, as per Portuguese navigator
1886:
1626:
1605:
1593:
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fought alone with Prince Tikiri's army to make enough time to fall back his Commander and friends of commanders.
1512:
1896:
1701:
1587:
1494:
1467:
1449:
1166:""The Sunday Times", Angan to the fore as the battle of Mulleriyawa rages to the sound of drums, 8 July 2012"
764:
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Once he received the news, Tikiri Bandara divided his forces into three groups. The first group consisted of
107:
255:
1830:
1659:
1599:
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1473:
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263:
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1187:
1906:
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1506:
1824:
1734:
1722:
1412:
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1901:
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B. Gunasekara. The Rajavaliya. AES reprint. New Delhi:Asian Educational Services; 1995. pp. 86-87,
435:
1842:
1836:
1797:
1758:
1683:
1430:
1424:
571:
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through Maedanda and Weragoda towards Mulleriyawa. Their objective was to capture the Mapitigama
266:, Rajasinha killed him. Minor Rajawaliya wrote that his patricide was considered an irreversible
1577:
1562:
1461:
1396:
1326:
1147:
B. Gunasekara. The Rajavaliya. AES reprint. New Delhi:Asian Educational Services; 1995. p. 88,
992:
B. Gunasekara. The Rajavaliya. AES reprint. New Delhi:Asian Educational Services; 1995. p. 87,
175:
62:
1791:
656:
319:
307:
While his main battle was against the Portuguese forces in defense of the sovereignty of the
235:
1876:
1871:
1728:
769:
222:, known for his patriotism and fight against the Portuguese invasion of Sri Lanka. Born as
1215:
8:
1781:
1770:
1333:
1280:
774:
487:
219:
144:
34:
1649:
565:
546:
199:
886:
1148:
1131:
1114:
1090:
1073:
1056:
1034:
1017:
993:
955:
929:
912:
738:
724:
709:
642:. All angampora-practising warriors from Maggona who had previously served under the
588:
542:
518:
reserves, it led to the famous reply “...If there is no powder they might load their
160:
1808:
1712:
1455:
798:
672:
643:
483:
443:
350:
327:
323:
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267:
215:
79:
1484:
1165:
818:
550:
381:
315:
193:
97:
1865:
592:
396:
338:
1357:
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and their Sri Lankan supporters. It is believed that after the fall of the
462:
404:
331:
296:
279:
275:
634:) still maintain the weapon in their possession, using it to practise the
1531:
635:
420:
282:
kingdom, reported that the rumor of patricide was spreading only in the
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271:
49:
759:
742:
639:
608:
607:
cannon (canhão de berço – Breech-loading swivel gun usually used for
538:
537:
from Athurugiriya, Hewagama, Koratota, Hokandara, and 1000 Sitawakan
515:
474:
259:
227:
717:
692:
688:
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623:
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123:
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356:
Rather than have them face certain death, Veediya Bandara ordered
534:
439:
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392:
490:
Maggona fighters were desperate for the country and the nation.
1258:
866:
848:
631:
581:
519:
400:
377:
423:
in 1562. But Portuguese sources provide a different picture.
596:
Chingalaz (Sinhalese) with teeth when he lost his weapons.
337:
This however was an ambush; secretly deployed forces above
431:
829:
827:
699:
acted as religious mentors of the King and strengthened
1185:
461:
The Portuguese advanced along the southern bank of the
819:
the first up-country Sinhalese who ascended the throne
824:
795:"ගණින්නාන්සේලා කියවිය යුතු සංඝරජ වැලවිට සරණංකර චරිතය"
665:
1524:
Monarchs from 1473 to 1592 were only regional rulers
430:
which almost reduced him to a state of delirium. So
1264:
Seethawaka Kingdom: in History of Ceylon (singhala)
1213:
872:
Seethawaka Kingdom: in History of Ceylon (singhala)
854:
Seethawaka Kingdom: in History of Ceylon (singhala)
330:as his ally. When word reached Veediya Bandara in
1349:(Kingdom of Sitawaka annexed by Kingdom of Kandy)
833:
388:at Balana in 1583 and chased Karalyadde Bandara.
1863:
679:'s conversion. He was reported to have settled
528:
1266:. Education publication press. pp. 80–84.
874:. Education publication press. pp. 78–79.
856:. Education publication press. pp. 79–80.
622:After the battle, Tikiri Bandara sent for the
501:
318:was crushing a rebellion, and in his absence,
1547:
1373:
1186:Hettiarachchi, Kumudini (12 September 2010).
723:Konappu Bandara having returned to Kandy via
286:. Queros was known for his antipathy towards
16:Sri Lankan king of Sitawaka from 1581 to 1593
1387:
230:, he received the name "Rajasinha" (meaning
1854:Monarchs of Kandy were only regional rulers
438:(nicknamed Baroche for his exploits at the
1561:
1554:
1540:
1380:
1366:
456:
299:on hearing about the death of his father.
884:
836:Conquista temporal e espiritual de Ceylaõ
575:Battle of Mulleriyawa - Troop Disposition
426:Pereira de Lacerda suffered from chronic
1214:Kulatunga, Thushara (22 November 2009).
1051:
1049:
1047:
1012:
1010:
1008:
1006:
988:
570:
410:
262:(Chapter 4) written during the reign of
245:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1103:
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982:
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978:
976:
974:
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970:
968:
415:A Portuguese army led by Captain Major
1864:
1535:
1361:
1228:from the original on 20 November 2012
1207:
1044:
1003:
887:"King Rajasinghe's battle of Colombo"
731:
1179:
1100:
965:
419:was defeated by Sitawakan forces at
1141:
241:
155:Queen Consort Nilupulmala Kirawelle
13:
666:Decline of the Kingdom of Sitawaka
451:captain-major of Portuguese Ceylon
14:
1918:
821:The Observer - December 29, 2002
486:with the Veediya Bandara's son,
1882:16th-century Sinhalese monarchs
1281:Kings & Rulers of Sri Lanka
1260:Professor Mangala Illangasinghe
1252:
1240:
1158:
1124:
1083:
1066:
1027:
948:
868:Professor Mangala Illangasinghe
850:Professor Mangala Illangasinghe
541:with targes. He sent them in a
434:sent a veteran commander named
278:envoy Spillburjon, who visited
218::පළමුවන රාජසිංහ) was a king of
939:
922:
905:
878:
860:
842:
812:
787:
449:De Menezes held the office of
302:
250:pre coronation, Prince Tikiri.
1:
780:
765:List of monarchs of Sri Lanka
529:Second Battle of Mulleriyawa
362:Hiti Imbule Bodiraja Perumal
264:Kirti Sri Rajasinha of Kandy
7:
753:
502:First battle of Mulleriwaya
10:
1923:
1819:Sena Sammatha Wickramabahu
1692:Son of Vira Bahu II (1397)
1689:Son of Vira Bahu II (1397)
1407:Sena Sammatha Wickramabahu
1274:
834:Fernão de Queyroz (1916).
1852:
1807:
1780:
1711:
1648:
1576:
1569:
1522:
1483:
1440:
1395:
1340:
1331:
1323:
1318:
1298:
1249:The Island - May 20, 2011
1247:Mayadunne and Rajasinha I
885:Karunathilake, Halaliye.
617:
417:Afonso Pereira de Lacerda
189:
181:
171:
159:
151:
139:
129:
117:
113:
103:
93:
85:
78:
68:
58:
48:
40:
33:
26:
21:
1389:List of Kandyan monarchs
1216:"A truly Sri Lankan art"
185:Queen Consort Leelawathi
1753:Dharma Parakramabahu IX
1611:Interregnum (1283–1302)
1291:Mayadunne and Rajasinha
685:Tamil Shaivite Velalars
659:and Sinhalese culture.
545:to cut off the enemy's
457:Movements to the Battle
322:prepared to attack the
135:Pethangoda Bamboo Grove
133:1593 March 17 (aged 60)
1887:House of Siri Sanga Bo
1578:Kingdom of Dambadeniya
1563:House of Siri Sanga Bo
1397:House of Siri Sanga Bo
1188:"A blow from the past"
576:
366:Varusapperuma Arachchi
295:from the siege of the
251:
1513:Sri Vikrama Rajasinha
574:
549:and to attack in the
411:Battle of Mulleriyawa
342:his head. Meanwhile,
320:Mayadunne of Sitawaka
249:
236:Battle of Mulleriyawa
1897:Monarchs of Sitawaka
1495:Sri Vijaya Rajasinha
1468:Vimaladharmasurya II
1450:Vimaladharmasuriya I
1344:Vimaladharmasuriya I
1286:The sitawaka Kingdom
770:History of Sri Lanka
627:historical records.
108:Vimaladharmasuriya I
1831:Karaliyadde Bandara
1782:Kingdom of Sitawaka
1501:Kirti Sri Rajasinha
1474:Vira Narendra Sinha
1419:Karaliyadde Bandara
775:Kingdom of Sitawaka
488:Don Juan Dharmapala
369:as a warrior king.
234:) after the fierce
145:Kingdom of Sitawaka
1747:Parakramabahu VIII
1702:Parakrama Bahu Epa
1650:Kingdom of Gampola
1633:Bhuvanaikabahu III
732:In popular culture
701:Shaiva Siddhantism
675:, the first since
577:
442:which lies in the
407:in 1581 and 1587.
344:Velayudha Arachchi
326:with the ruler of
252:
210:also known as the
200:Theravada Buddhism
165:Prince Rajasuriya
1907:Sri Lankan Hindus
1892:Monarchs of Kandy
1859:
1858:
1765:Bhuvanekabahu VII
1741:Parakramabahu VII
1660:Bhuvanaikabahu IV
1621:Bhuvanaikabahu II
1615:Parakkamabahu III
1529:
1528:
1507:Rajadhi Rajasinha
1441:House of Dinajara
1356:
1355:
1351:
1341:Succeeded by
1136:978-955-1266-77-6
1078:978-955-1266-77-6
960:978-955-1266-77-6
739:Darshan Dharmaraj
725:Mannar, Sri Lanka
677:Devanampiya Tissa
589:flanking maneuver
543:flanking maneuver
358:Vijeyakoon Mudali
205:
204:
167:Prince Jayasuriya
73:Kingdom abolished
1914:
1825:Jayaweera Astana
1809:Kingdom of Kandy
1735:Bhuvanekabahu VI
1723:Parakramabahu VI
1713:Kingdom of Kotte
1678:Bhuvanaikabahu V
1627:Parakkamabahu IV
1606:Bhuvanaikabahu I
1594:Parakkamabahu II
1556:
1549:
1542:
1533:
1532:
1413:Jayaweera Astana
1382:
1375:
1368:
1359:
1358:
1347:
1334:King of Sitawaka
1324:Preceded by
1314:
1307:
1296:
1295:
1268:
1267:
1256:
1250:
1244:
1238:
1237:
1235:
1233:
1211:
1205:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1193:The Sunday Times
1183:
1177:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1162:
1156:
1145:
1139:
1128:
1122:
1111:
1098:
1087:
1081:
1070:
1064:
1053:
1042:
1031:
1025:
1014:
1001:
990:
963:
952:
946:
943:
937:
926:
920:
909:
903:
902:
900:
898:
882:
876:
875:
864:
858:
857:
846:
840:
839:
831:
822:
816:
810:
809:
807:
806:
797:. Archived from
791:
697:Velala Gurukkals
673:Shaiva Siddhanta
650:, including the
644:Kingdom of Kotte
484:Kingdom of Kotte
436:Jorge de Menezes
351:Maggona Arachchi
328:Kingdom of Kandy
324:Kingdom of Kotte
284:Kingdom of Kandy
268:anantharya karma
242:Ascent to throne
212:lion of Sitawaka
35:King of Sitawaka
28:Lion of Sitawaka
19:
18:
1922:
1921:
1917:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1912:
1911:
1902:Sinhalese kings
1862:
1861:
1860:
1855:
1848:
1811:
1803:
1784:
1776:
1715:
1707:
1696:Vira Alakesvara
1680:(1372/3-1391/2)
1672:Vikramabahu III
1666:Parakkamabahu V
1662:(1344/5-1353/4)
1652:
1644:
1641:(1325/6–1344/5)
1635:(1325/6–1325/6)
1629:(1325/6–1325/6)
1580:
1572:
1565:
1560:
1530:
1525:
1518:
1487:
1485:Nayaks of Kandy
1479:
1442:
1436:
1399:
1391:
1386:
1352:
1346:
1337:
1329:
1308:
1302:
1301:
1277:
1272:
1271:
1257:
1253:
1245:
1241:
1231:
1229:
1221:Sunday Observer
1212:
1208:
1198:
1196:
1184:
1180:
1170:
1168:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1146:
1142:
1129:
1125:
1112:
1101:
1088:
1084:
1071:
1067:
1054:
1045:
1032:
1028:
1015:
1004:
991:
966:
953:
949:
944:
940:
927:
923:
910:
906:
896:
894:
883:
879:
865:
861:
847:
843:
832:
825:
817:
813:
804:
802:
793:
792:
788:
783:
756:
747:Kusumasana Devi
734:
687:at significant
668:
620:
591:worked and the
531:
504:
459:
413:
316:Veediya Bandara
305:
244:
194:Saiva Siddhanta
166:
147:
134:
122:
98:Kusumasana Devi
17:
12:
11:
5:
1920:
1910:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1857:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1846:
1840:
1837:Dona Catherina
1834:
1828:
1822:
1815:
1813:
1805:
1804:
1802:
1801:
1795:
1788:
1786:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1774:
1768:
1762:
1759:Vijayabahu VII
1756:
1750:
1744:
1738:
1732:
1726:
1719:
1717:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1705:
1699:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1681:
1675:
1669:
1663:
1656:
1654:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1642:
1636:
1630:
1624:
1618:
1612:
1609:
1603:
1597:
1591:
1588:Vijayabahu III
1584:
1582:
1574:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1566:
1559:
1558:
1551:
1544:
1536:
1527:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1516:
1510:
1504:
1498:
1491:
1489:
1481:
1480:
1478:
1477:
1471:
1465:
1459:
1453:
1446:
1444:
1438:
1437:
1435:
1434:
1428:
1425:Dona Catherina
1422:
1416:
1410:
1403:
1401:
1393:
1392:
1385:
1384:
1377:
1370:
1362:
1354:
1353:
1342:
1339:
1330:
1325:
1321:
1320:
1319:Regnal titles
1316:
1315:
1299:
1294:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1269:
1251:
1239:
1206:
1178:
1157:
1140:
1123:
1099:
1082:
1065:
1043:
1026:
1002:
964:
947:
938:
921:
904:
893:. Sunday times
877:
859:
841:
823:
811:
785:
784:
782:
779:
778:
777:
772:
767:
762:
755:
752:
751:
750:
733:
730:
706:Barandi Kovila
691:sites such as
667:
664:
619:
616:
530:
527:
503:
500:
475:military caste
458:
455:
444:bay of Cambaya
440:city of Broach
412:
409:
304:
301:
243:
240:
224:Tikiri Bandara
203:
202:
191:
187:
186:
183:
179:
178:
173:
169:
168:
163:
157:
156:
153:
149:
148:
143:
141:
137:
136:
131:
127:
126:
121:1532 August 15
119:
115:
114:
111:
110:
105:
101:
100:
95:
91:
90:
87:
83:
82:
76:
75:
70:
66:
65:
60:
56:
55:
52:
46:
45:
42:
38:
37:
31:
30:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1919:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1867:
1851:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1790:
1789:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1760:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1694:
1691:
1688:
1686:(1391/2-1397)
1685:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1668:(1344/5-1359)
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1623:(1310–1325/6)
1622:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1602:(1267/8–1270)
1601:
1600:Vijayabahu IV
1598:
1595:
1592:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1568:
1564:
1557:
1552:
1550:
1545:
1543:
1538:
1537:
1534:
1521:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1462:Rajasinghe II
1460:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1439:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1383:
1378:
1376:
1371:
1369:
1364:
1363:
1360:
1350:
1345:
1336:
1335:
1328:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1305:
1297:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1278:
1265:
1261:
1255:
1248:
1243:
1227:
1223:
1222:
1217:
1210:
1195:
1194:
1189:
1182:
1167:
1161:
1154:
1153:81-206-1029-6
1150:
1144:
1137:
1133:
1127:
1120:
1119:81-206-0765-1
1116:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1096:
1095:81-206-0765-1
1092:
1086:
1079:
1075:
1069:
1062:
1061:81-206-0765-1
1058:
1052:
1050:
1048:
1040:
1039:81-206-0765-1
1036:
1030:
1023:
1022:81-206-0765-1
1019:
1013:
1011:
1009:
1007:
999:
998:81-206-1029-6
995:
989:
987:
985:
983:
981:
979:
977:
975:
973:
971:
969:
961:
957:
951:
942:
935:
934:81-206-1029-6
931:
925:
918:
917:81-206-0765-1
914:
908:
892:
888:
881:
873:
869:
863:
855:
851:
845:
837:
830:
828:
820:
815:
801:on 2017-01-20
800:
796:
790:
786:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
757:
748:
744:
740:
737:Portrayed by
736:
735:
729:
726:
721:
719:
713:
711:
707:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
663:
660:
658:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
628:
625:
615:
612:
610:
606:
601:
597:
594:
593:war elephants
590:
585:
583:
573:
569:
567:
561:
558:
554:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
526:
523:
521:
517:
512:
508:
499:
495:
491:
489:
485:
481:
476:
471:
468:
464:
454:
452:
447:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
424:
422:
418:
408:
406:
402:
398:
397:Malabar coast
394:
389:
385:
383:
379:
373:
370:
367:
363:
359:
354:
352:
347:
345:
340:
339:Sitawaka fort
335:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
312:
310:
300:
298:
294:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
248:
239:
237:
233:
232:the Lion King
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
201:
198:
195:
192:
188:
184:
180:
177:
174:
170:
164:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
132:
128:
125:
120:
116:
112:
109:
106:
102:
99:
96:
92:
88:
84:
81:
80:King of Kandy
77:
74:
71:
67:
64:
61:
57:
53:
51:
47:
43:
39:
36:
32:
29:
25:
20:
1684:Vira Bahu II
1639:Vijayabahu V
1348:
1332:
1310:
1306: ? 1544
1303:
1300:Rajasinha I
1263:
1254:
1242:
1230:. Retrieved
1219:
1209:
1197:. Retrieved
1191:
1181:
1169:. Retrieved
1160:
1143:
1126:
1085:
1068:
1029:
950:
941:
924:
907:
895:. Retrieved
890:
880:
871:
862:
853:
844:
835:
814:
803:. Retrieved
799:the original
789:
746:
741:in the 2019
722:
714:
712:and others.
700:
696:
669:
661:
629:
621:
613:
602:
598:
586:
578:
562:
559:
555:
532:
524:
513:
509:
505:
496:
492:
472:
463:Kelani River
460:
448:
425:
414:
405:Colombo Fort
390:
386:
374:
371:
355:
348:
336:
332:Uva Province
313:
306:
297:Colombo fort
280:Sengkadagala
253:
231:
223:
211:
208:Rajasinghe I
207:
206:
196:
72:
27:
1877:1593 deaths
1872:1544 births
1845:(1581–1591)
1843:Rajasinha I
1839:(1581–1581)
1833:(1551–1581)
1827:(1511–1551)
1821:(1473–1511)
1812:(1473-1592)
1800:(1581-1593)
1798:Rajasinha I
1794:(1521-1581)
1785:(1521–1593)
1773:(1551-1597)
1767:(1521-1551)
1761:(1509-1521)
1755:(1509-1528)
1749:(1484-1518)
1743:(1480-1484)
1737:(1472-1480)
1731:(1467-1472)
1729:Jayabahu II
1725:(1412-1467)
1716:(1412–1597)
1704:(1409-1412)
1698:(1397-1409)
1674:(1357-1374)
1653:(1345–1412)
1617:(1302–1310)
1608:(1271–1283)
1596:(1234–1269)
1590:(1220–1224)
1581:(1220–1345)
1571:(1220-1597)
1515:(1798–1815)
1509:(1782–1798)
1503:(1747–1782)
1497:(1739–1747)
1488:(1739–1815)
1476:(1707–1739)
1470:(1687–1707)
1464:(1635–1687)
1458:(1604–1635)
1452:(1590–1604)
1443:(1590–1739)
1433:(1581–1591)
1431:Rajasinha I
1427:(1581–1581)
1421:(1551–1581)
1415:(1511–1551)
1409:(1473–1511)
1400:(1473–1592)
695:, etc. The
636:martial art
609:grape shots
421:Mulleriyawa
303:Expeditions
94:Predecessor
59:Predecessor
22:Rajasinha I
1866:Categories
1771:Dharmapala
1338:1581–1593
1313:March 1592
1232:27 October
1199:27 October
1171:23 October
897:4 November
805:2010-01-20
781:References
745:TV series
710:kataragama
624:Arachchies
566:formations
535:militiamen
382:Alutnuwara
293:Seethawaka
272:Rajavaliya
50:Coronation
1792:Mayadunne
1327:Mayadunne
891:Sri Lanka
760:Mahavamsa
743:TV Derana
648:frontiers
640:angampora
539:swordsmen
516:gunpowder
260:Mahawamsa
256:De Queros
228:Mayadunne
176:Mayadunne
104:Successor
89:1581-1591
69:Successor
63:Mayadunne
44:1581–1593
1262:(1997).
1226:Archived
870:(1997).
852:(1997).
754:See also
718:Sitawaka
693:Sri Pada
689:Buddhist
681:Brahmans
657:Buddhism
652:Homagama
480:Portugal
467:stockade
288:Sitawaka
226:to King
220:Sitawaka
190:Religion
124:Sitawaka
1456:Senarat
1275:Sources
582:muskets
547:retreat
520:muskets
428:malaria
393:weapons
309:Sinhala
216:Sinhala
1309:
1151:
1134:
1117:
1093:
1076:
1059:
1037:
1020:
996:
958:
932:
915:
632:Perera
618:Legacy
401:Kerala
378:korale
364:, and
314:Once,
182:Mother
172:Father
152:Spouse
140:Burial
1311:Died:
1304:Born:
605:berço
276:Dutch
197:prev.
161:Issue
86:Reign
41:Reign
1234:2015
1201:2015
1173:2014
1149:ISBN
1132:ISBN
1115:ISBN
1091:ISBN
1074:ISBN
1057:ISBN
1035:ISBN
1018:ISBN
994:ISBN
956:ISBN
930:ISBN
913:ISBN
899:2015
683:and
587:The
551:rear
130:Died
118:Born
54:1581
638:of
432:Goa
399:or
1868::
1224:.
1218:.
1190:.
1102:^
1046:^
1005:^
967:^
889:.
826:^
553:.
360:,
238:.
1555:e
1548:t
1541:v
1381:e
1374:t
1367:v
1236:.
1203:.
1175:.
1155:.
1138:.
1121:.
1097:.
1080:.
1063:.
1041:.
1024:.
1000:.
962:.
936:.
919:.
901:.
838:.
808:.
749:.
214:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
