Haida Gwaii - Knowledge

4630: 4620: 2660: 86: 221: 56: 1251: 5754: 5766: 70: 1233: 261: 2775: 93: 5778: 1110: 905:—and those of the native peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast. At this time the island was twice as large as today. There is strong genetic evidence for these early people having an origin there. The Koryaks were a matrilineal seafaring people hunting whales and other marine mammals. Kujkynnjaku, the Raven, is their primary deity. Most of the Raven myths are similar to those of the 594:, which includes the southernmost part of Moresby Island and several adjoining islands and islets. Coastal temperate rain forest at the shore, the preserve also includes the San Cristoval Mountains, so named by the first European explorer, Juan Perez, and the oldest surviving European place name on the BC coast. Facilities are minimal, and access is via boat or seaplane. 2632:. Though the region is prone to fair geological activity, there is little infrastructure set up to gather accurate information to warn locals of possible threats. Many residents, notably from First Nations communities, have been critical of the fact that they must rely on information coming from neighbouring American states such as Washington or 1520:. He lived around Port Clements and would commonly be seen taking food handouts from locals and visitors alike. He died after making contact with an electrical transformer. The white raven was preserved by former Port Clements residents, taxidermists Roger Britten Sr. and Jr., and is on display in the Port Clements Historical Society's museum. 4914: 913:

diversity within the Haida Nation were gained through a cross lineal marriage system between the clans. This system was also important for the transfer of wealth within the Nation, with each clan reliant on the other for the building of longhouses, the carving of totem poles and other items of cultural importance.

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removed George as a director of the company and ended his employment. The 2013 salmon runs increased from 50 million to 226 million fish, but research conducted on 13 major iron-fertilization experiments in the open ocean since 1990 concludes that the method is unproven, and with respect to the Haida

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on June 3, 2010, formalizing the name change. At an official Giving Back the Name ceremony, the name, written on a piece of paper and placed in a bentwood box, was handed to the premier of British Columbia. This name change is officially recognized by all levels of Canadian governments, and also by

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In a deal negotiated between the government and the Haida nation over the preceding decades, British Columbia in 2024 transferred the title over more than 200 islands off Canada's west coast to the Haida people, recognizing the nation's aboriginal land title throughout Haida Gwaii. The deal was the

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Noted seafarers, the Haida occupied more than 100 villages throughout the Islands. The Haida were skilled traders, with established trade links with their neighbouring First Nations on the mainland to California. The Haida people regularly took slaves from their wars with other peoples around them.

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The group of people inhabiting these Islands developed a culture made rich by the abundance of the land and sea. These people became the Haida. The Haida are a linguistically-distinct group, and they have a complex class and rank system consisting of two main clans, the Eagles and Ravens. Links and

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By 1900, only 350 people remained. Towns were abandoned as people left their homes for the towns of Skidegate and Masset, for cannery towns on the mainland, or for Vancouver Island. Today, around 4,500 people live on the islands. About 70% of the indigenous people (Haida) live in two communities at

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Haida Gwaii is considered by archaeologists as an option for a Pacific coastal route taken by the first humans migrating to the Americas from the Bering Strait. At this time Haida Gwaii was likely not an island, but connected to Vancouver Island and the mainland via the now-submerged continental

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annual rainfall averages from 1,200 millimetres (47 in) to 1,400 millimetres (55 in). Average monthly precipitation is markedly concentrated from October to January, with December the wettest month, averaging about 198 millimetres (7.8 in), most of which is rain, though snow is

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Underwater archaeologists from the University of Victoria are seeking to confirm that stone structures discovered in 2014 on the seabed of Hecate Strait may date back 13,700 or more years ago and be the earliest known signs of human habitation in Canada. Coastal sites of this era are now deep

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in Alaska. In a deal negotiated between the government and the Haida nation over the preceding decades, British Columbia in 2024 transferred the title over more than 200 islands off Canada's west coast to the Haida people, recognizing the nation's aboriginal land title throughout Haida Gwaii.

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Lawyers, environmentalists, and civil society groups are calling the dumping a "blatant violation" of two international moratoriums. George said that the Old Massett Village Council and its lawyers approved the effort and at least seven Canadian agencies were aware of it. In May 2013, the

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and Gwaii Trust recently completed a project to bring broadband internet to the island via a 150 km (93 mi) microwave relay. This enables interactive research to be carried out on the more than 80 CDs of language, story and spoken history of the people.

1426:. Although no mammoth or mastodon fossils were found, the research discovered dung-eating fungi underground in ancient peat by the Cape Ball site in Naikoon Provincial Park on Graham Island. The tundra-like landscape then evolved to a mix of alpine forest and meadows. 1436:

receded from the archipelago about 16,000 BCE, about 2,000 years earlier than the rest of the British Columbia Coast's ice age. That, and its subsequent isolation from the mainland, encouraged Haida indigenous and environmental activists in the 1970s to use the term

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references Frost, a selectable operative who was raised in Vancouver, having spent time hunting as an adolescent on Haida Gwaii. This is likely a nod to her unique piece of equipment, a trap in the style of those used for bears repurposed for use in combat against

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The islands form the heartland of the Haida Nation, upon which people have lived for 13,000 years, and who currently make up approximately half of the population. The Haida exercise their sovereignty over the islands through their acting government, the

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that have classic development (well defined eluvial horizon, Ae under Canadian classification) in undisturbed areas. A history of disturbance, as from logging or windthrow, sees the Ae mixed with other horizons and only patchily visible.

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of the North", a unique biocultural zone with many endemic plants and animals. The climate of this temperate north hemisphere forested region, like that of much of the British Columbia and Alaskan coast in the area, is moderated by the

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Precipitation is typically extremely frequent (especially from autumn to mid-winter), occurring on around two-thirds of all days even in relatively shielded areas, and direct sunlight is scarce, averaging around 3 to 4 hours per day.

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documentaries since the 1970s due to its unique forest and ecosystem. Many wildlife and adventure tourism TV series (in the US and Canada) have also featured the islands since the 1990s, reflecting the islands as a globe trekking

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is a modern coinage and was created in the early 1980s as an alternative to the colonial-era name "Queen Charlotte Islands", to recognize the history of the Haida people. "Haida Gwaii" means "islands of the people", while

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On December 11, 2009, the British Columbia government announced that legislation would be introduced in mid-2010 to officially rename the Queen Charlotte Islands to the new name "Haida Gwaii". The legislation received

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Banner, A., W.H. MacKenzie, J. Pojar, A. MacKinnon, S.C. Saunders, and H. Klassen. 2014. A field guide to ecosystem classification and identification for Haida Gwaii. Prov. B.C., Victoria, B.C. Land Manag. Handb. 68.

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Haida Gwaii has four British Columbia Ambulance stations. They are staffed by approximately 36 casual emergency medical responders (EMR), and one part-time community paramedic based in Masset.

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It is unclear how people arrived on Haida Gwaii, but archaeological sites have established human habitation on the islands as far back as 13,000 years ago. Populations that formerly inhabited

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of 1846 put an end to American claims to the islands. Following the discovery of gold in the 1850s the British made efforts to exclude whatever American territorial claims might remain.

5162: 1083:. The project has been plagued by charges of unscientific procedures and recklessness. George contended that 100 tons of iron is negligible compared to what naturally enters the ocean. 4460: 765:

Haida Gwaii is served by two hospitals, The Northern Haida Gwaii Hospital and Health Centre in Masset and the Haida Gwaii Hospital in Daajing Giids which was completed in fall 2015.

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family of languages on the basis of a few similarities with Athabaskan–Eyak–Tlingit. Many linguists, however, consider the evidence insufficient and continue to regard Haida as a

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in England repatriated items in its collection to the Haida people. The Museum returned the items as part of its initiative to return Native American and First Nation artefacts.

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Barrie, J.V.; Conway, K.; Harris, P.T. (2013). "The Queen Charlotte Fault, British Columbia: seafloor anatomy of a transform fault and its influence on sediment processes".

480:"Islands of Beauty") in the south, along with approximately 400 smaller islands with a total landmass of 10,180 km (3,931 sq mi). Other major islands include 4736: 507: 4568: 1154:, which established the current international borders and made the islands definitively part of the British empire, the "Queen Charlotte Islands" name became official. 5330: 1023: 776:

At the time of European contact in 1774, the population was roughly 30,000 people, residing in several towns and including slave populations drawn from other clans of

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produced between 2004 and 2011. It depicts a Haida chief in a canoe, accompanied by the mythic messengers Raven, Frog and Eagle (the first casting of this sculpture,

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in terms of average temperatures and total year-round precipitation, but the latitude is lower than the west coast of Scotland; it is 52° 39', the same as southern

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Shurr, T.G.; Sherry, S. T. (17 June 2004). "Mitochondrial DNA and Y chromosome diversity and the peopling of the Americas: Evolutionary and demographic evidence".

1513:, the largest on Graham Island. It was a popular tourist attraction until it was illegally cut down in 1997 as a protest against the industrial logging practices. 934: 3423: 4400: 4334: 4434: 3815: 3057: 527: 4567:. James Carpenter, ... Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown, ... White, Cochrane and Company and Murray, ... London; Parker, Oxford; and Deighton, Cambridge. 5422: 5412: 5111: 5402: 873:

told by the Haida Chief, Albert Edward Edenshaw, says that the Haida came from northern Alaska and travelled to Haida Gwaii in search of new territory.

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There is also regular BC Ferries service between Skidegate and Alliford Bay on Moresby Island. Floatplane services connect to facilities such as the

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formally renamed the archipelago as part of the Kunst'aa guu – Kunst'aayah Reconciliation Protocol between British Columbia and the Haida people.

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The northern Pacific Northwest Coast, showing the position of the archipelago in relation to other islands in the region. The southern half of

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possible. May through July represent a markedly drier season; July, the driest month, averages about 46.4 millimetres (1.83 in) of rain.

30:"Queen Charlotte Islands" redirects here. For the group of islands in the South Pacific previously known as the Queen Charlotte Islands, see 4456: 3672: 826:

in 2006; in the decision, the decline in population wrought by disease was referenced when citing the "vanished civilization" of the Haida.

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There are 120 km (75 mi) of highway on Graham Island. On Moresby, only 20 km (12 mi) of paved road line the coast.

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Haida Gwaii has been home to the Haida since time immemorial, and evidence of their habitation of the islands dates back 13,000 years.

5316: 1299: 5823: 4199: 797: 5132: 4819: 5437: 5384: 5163:"Making history on Haida Gwaii/ On B.C.'s Haida Gwaii, history is being made with a film in a language very few people can speak" 4744: 2625: 2603: 1164: 1026:. In essence, the colony was merged with the Vancouver Island colony for administrative purposes from the 1850s to 1866 when the 747: 85: 17: 3642: 999:

era of the late 18th and early 19th centuries. During most of that era the trade in the islands was dominated by Americans. The

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is common in poorly drained flats and even on sloping ground in the wetter areas. Where drainage is good, the mature soils are

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Trigger, Bruce G.; Washburn, Wilcomb E.; Adams, Richard E. W.; MacLeod, Murdo J.; Salomon, Frank; Schwartz, Stuart B. (1996).

3732:"North American black bear mtDNA phylogeography: implications for morphology and the Haida Gwaii glacial refugium controversy" 1573:

Snowfall is generally moderate, averaging from 10 centimetres (4 in) to 70 centimetres (28 in), though at northerly

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on northeastern Graham Island. The islands are home to an abundance of wildlife, including a large subspecies of black bear (

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suggests that the first North Americans may have been here as the oldest human remains known from Alaska or Canada are from

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a two-hour documentary mainly featuring Haida Gwaii was broadcast by the Ontario educational TV network in September, 2017

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Wallace, Douglas C.; Torroni, Antonio (2009). "American Indian prehistory as written in the mitochondrial DNA: a review".

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Fedje, D.W.; Christensen, T. (1999). "Modeling Paleoshorelines and Locating Early Holocene Coastal Sites in Haida Gwaii".

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Moss, M.L. (2008). "Islands coming out of concealment: traveling to Haida Gwaii on the northwest coast of North America".

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From the spring of 1996 until November 30, 1997, a popular attraction for tourists to the islands was a male albino white

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Another name, "Washington's Isles," was commonly used by American traders, who frequented the islands in the days of the

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in 1851. No separate administration or capital for the colony was ever established, as its only officer or appointee was

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There is no public transportation on Haida Gwaii. Taxis and car rentals are available, and shuttles can be arranged.

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experiment as a "salmon enhancement project" with $ 1 million in village funds. The concept was that the formerly

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created by the Colonial Office in response to the increase in American marine trading activity resulting from the

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as well as from other nations. It is estimated that ninety percent of the population died during the 1800s from

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Also protected, but under provincial jurisdiction, are several provincial parks, the largest of which is

550: 812:, with a population of about 700 each. In total the Haida make up 45% of the population of the islands. 5231: 5209: 2804: 1566: 1027: 1015: 930: 823: 743: 603: 5291: 897:. Anthropologists have found striking parallels between the myths, rituals, and dwelling types of the 5828: 5757: 5611: 5464: 5235: 3228:

Haida Nation; Her Majesty the Queen in Her Right of the Province of British Columbia (Autumn 2015).

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does pose some additional earthquake risks, but, most importantly, the subduction zone poses direct

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does regularly do field tests across the Pacific coast of British Columbia relating to this matter.

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that produces significant earthquakes every 3–30 years. This is the result of the converging of the

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The primary transportation links between the Islands and mainland British Columbia are through the

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The CHN shall strive for full independence, sovereignty and self-sufficiency of the Haida Nation.

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Haida Gwaii: human history and environment from the time of loon to the time of the iron people

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and dugout canoes, hand-crafted gold and silver jewellery, and even as cartoons in the form of

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Sloan, N.A. (2003). "Evidence of California-area abalone shell in Haida trade and culture".

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as the first feature film ever made in the Haida language, was shot on Haida Gwaii in 2017.

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along the archipelago's west coast. Major earthquakes have occurred in the Haida Gwaii in

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The islands are home to the Taan Forest, with a wide variety of large trees, including the

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surveyed the islands. He named the islands the Queen Charlotte Islands after his ship, the

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dust into the Pacific Ocean several hundred miles west of the islands of Haida Gwaii. The

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of mammals that have become abundant, imparting many ecological changes to the ecosystem.

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and from the USGS (United States Geological Survey). Regardless of the inconsistencies,

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Charting Northern Waters: Essays for the Centenary of the Canadian Hydrographic Service

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The Cambridge History of the Native Peoples of the Americas: North America. Volume I

3960: 3874: 3765: 3266: 3179:"Welcome to Haida Gwaii: "Haida Gwaii is not only where we are, this is who we are"" 5734: 5674: 5654: 5624: 5601: 5499: 5340: 5308: 4952: 4502: 4043: 3987: 3940: 3897: 3854: 3788: 3743: 2987: 2879: 2853: 2849: 2753: 2706:, is on display in the atrium of the Canadian Embassy in Washington DC, the other, 1589: 1478: 1474: 1356: 1143: 762:, the regional health authority responsible for the northern half of the province. 715: 643: 534: 432: 356: 239: 4703: 423:

of Canada. The islands are separated from the mainland to the east by the shallow

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a series of translations of stories as told by the mythtellers Ghandl and Skaay

2745: 2739: 1574: 1462: 1274: 1241: 1147: 1080: 1011: 985: 967: 870: 647: 523: 497: 465: 436: 394: 334: 184: 4956: 4532:"Canada hands 'long-overdue' title over more than 200 islands to Haida Nation" 3792: 3447:"Canada hands 'long-overdue' title over more than 200 islands to Haida Nation" 3230:"Amending Agreement of the Kunst'aa guu - Kunst'aayah Reconciliation Protocol" 1250: 1092:

Gwaii project, "scientists have seen no evidence that the experiment worked".

988:. In both cases only one crewmember survived. In 1851, the Haida captured the 718:. Aboriginal culture tourism has been enhanced with the establishment of the 5797: 5769: 5724: 5704: 5669: 5659: 5556: 5085: 5036: 5025:"How one Derbyshire museum took initiative in returning Indigenous artefacts" 4543: 3494: 3458: 2966: 2958: 2617: 2085: 1539: 1502: 1151: 1068: 1052: 1000: 956: 739: 735: 576: 455: 424: 210: 180: 149: 136: 122: 55: 3816:"Archeologists to launch historic fishing expedition off B.C.'s Haida Gwaii" 1446:, with heavy rainfall and relatively mild temperatures throughout the year. 5561: 5541: 4516: 4001: 3952: 3866: 3757: 3052: 2970: 2945: 2925: 2918: 2890: 2667: 1510: 1450: 1159: 777: 608: 568: 408: 324: 265: 5206:

The Cambridge History of the Native Peoples of the Americas: North America

3611: 4129:"Civilization.ca - Haida - the people and the land - Social organization" 3944: 3366:

Today, Haida people make up half of the 5000 people living on the islands

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is Kaigani Haida territory, but is not included in the term Haida Gwaii.

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Port Clements Historical Society "White Raven" display case information

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was merged with the mainland, which until that point was the separate

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risks to the coastal settlements on the western side of the islands.

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concludes that Haida Gwaii around 55,000 BCE was likely covered with

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The economy is mixed, including art and natural resources, primarily

655: 299: 5056: 4507: 4482: 3901: 3587: 3264: 69: 5689: 5474: 3701:"Underwater discovery near Haida Gwaii could rewrite human history" 2869:. The book came out in 1995, 15 years before the official renaming. 1551: 1506: 1232: 855: 793: 781: 616: 590:

Some of the islands are protected under federal legislation as the

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and low meadows that were populated by grazing mammals including

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Sandspit Community Website (Moresby Island Management Committee)

4032:"The Discovery of the Koryaks and Their Perception of the World" 4835:

Kranabetter, J. Marty; Williams, Harry; Morin, Jacques (2009).

4335:"World's biggest geoengineering experiment 'violates' UN rules" 3143:. Skidegate Haida Immersion Program. March 2011. Archived from 2633: 1415: 1346: 1256: 1072: 940: 834: 666: 448: 226: 5271: 2839:

Haida Gwaii and its people are the subject of the documentary

5261: 4193:"Searching For Shipwrecks In The Waters Of Haida Gwaii, B.C." 2757: 1517: 1281: 734:, which operates elementary and secondary schools in Masset, 541:, and colloquially as "the Charlottes". On June 3, 2010, the 506:), Langara Island (Kiis Gwaay), Lyell Island, Louise Island, 4804:. Ottawa: Research Branch, Canada Department of Agriculture. 4800:

Calder, James A.; Roy L. Taylor; Gerald A. Mulligan (1968).

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Kennedy, Dorothy; Bouchard, Randy; Gessler, Trisha (2010).

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Alcedo, Antonio de; Arrowsmith, Aaron (18 September 2017).

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The Queen Charlotte Islands are a significant location in

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Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve and Haida Heritage Site

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Colonial police action against the people of Haida Gwaii

5104:"Masters of the Pacific Coast: Tribes of the Northwest" 4737:"Mammoths may have roamed Haida Gwaii 57,000 years ago" 4457:"The Pacific's Salmon Are Back — Thank Human Ingenuity" 4014: 680:. Reservations are strongly recommended for the ferry. 419:

located between 55–125 km (34–78 mi) off the

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on the mainland via regular BC Ferries service by the

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http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/Lmh/Lmh68.htm

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Trigger, Bruce Graham; Washburn, Wilcomb E. (1996).

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Jones, M.L.; Swartz, S.L.; Leatherwood., S. (1984).

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2012 controversy around depositing iron in the ocean

368: 4146: 1577:, it averages around 100 centimetres (40 in). 1075:. George hoped to finance the project by using the 669:and Skidegate on Graham Island, and Skidegate with 376: 362: 359: 4934: 4758:Daryl W. Fedje; Rolf Mathewes, eds. (2011-11-01). 4483:"Iron-dumping ocean experiment sparks controversy" 4008: 3420:"Heiltsuk and Haida nations finalize peace treaty" 3105: 3103: 3101: 3099: 3097: 1207:, meaning "islands at the boundary of the world". 1184:on its own means not only "us" but also "people". 1146:and considered the islands part of the US-claimed 5292:"Masset, British Columbia 7 Day Weather Forecast" 4911:"Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 Station Data" 4255:Just east of sundown: the Queen Charlotte Islands 784:alone; other diseases arrived as well, including 623:, elk, beaver, muskrat, two species of rats, and 5795: 4562: 4369:"A Rogue Climate Experiment Outrages Scientists" 3887: 3729: 3481:Onishi, Norimitsu; Bracken, Amber (2024-07-04). 3267:"Bill 18 — 2010: Haida Gwaii Reconciliation Act" 3203: 3201: 3199: 995:The islands played an important role during the 758:Publicly funded health services are provided by 559:). As recently as 2015, the Haida Nation hosted 526:. (For a fuller, but still incomplete, list see 5160: 4366: 4152: 3967: 3730:Byun, S.A.; Koop, B.F.; Reimchen, T.E. (1997). 3094: 2748:was proposed for classification as part of the 1095: 858:expanded into northern North America after the 4220: 3930: 3588:"Haida Gwaii Higher Education Society webpage" 3322:"History: Where we've come from (our history)" 2581:Source: 1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals 1509:yellow-colour Sitka spruce tree, was near the 607:), and the smallest subspecies of ermine, the 5324: 4332: 3781:The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology 3480: 3221: 3196: 4704:"Queen Charlotte Islands | Ecoregions | WWF" 4592:"Historical Map Society of British Columbia" 4589: 4223:"Underwater researchers explore Haida Gwaii" 4023: 3476: 3474: 2948:'s trip to Haida Gwaii on the song "Ravens". 962:vessels seeking to acquire sea otter pelts, 846:, Geological Survey of Canada, NAC-PA-37756) 4905: 4903: 4431:"Haida announce termination of Russ George" 4297:. McGill-Queen's Press – MQUP. p. 54. 4245: 4159:. Cambridge University Press. p. 124. 4094: 3844: 3077:"BC Population Estimates & Projections" 1215:("worlds") refers here to the sea and sky. 1209: 1201: 1189: 1178: 1169: 955:. In 1794, the Haida captured and sank two 800:alone killed over 70% of the Haida people. 554: 517: 511: 501: 491: 485: 475: 469: 459: 402: 5331: 5317: 4284: 4069: 4067: 3973: 3723: 3643:"File not found | Fichier non trouvé" 3265:Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. 1079:effects of the new plankton as marketable 474:, literally: south people island half, or 454:Haida Gwaii consists of two main islands: 68: 54: 4793: 4506: 4480: 4047: 3991: 3747: 3518:. Haida Gwaii Observer. 2018. p. 22. 3471: 3181:. Haida Gwaii Observer. 2018. p. 3. 1300:British Columbia mainland coastal forests 471:T'aawxii X̱aaydaɢ̱a Gwaay.yaay linaɢ̱waay 4900: 4730: 4728: 4362: 4360: 3551:. Haida Gwaii Observer. 2018. p. 8. 3536:. Haida Gwaii Observer. 2018. p. 7. 2658: 1561:In the relatively shielded areas around 1108: 1051:dispersed 100 short tons (91 t) of 833: 798:1862 Pacific Northwest smallpox epidemic 4845:BC Journal of Ecosystems and Management 4328: 4326: 4251: 4064: 4017:The gray whale "Eschrichtius robustus." 3694: 3692: 3386:"Mandate - Council of the Haida Nation" 2604:1949 Queen Charlotte Islands earthquake 1505:(Golden Spruce), a naturally occurring 1165:National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency 796:, affecting many more inhabitants. The 748:University of Northern British Columbia 27:Archipelago in British Columbia, Canada 14: 5796: 5277:Haida Heritage Centre at Kaay Llnagaay 5022: 4669: 4667: 4665: 4663: 4454: 4290: 4029: 3813: 3527: 3525: 2924:Sailing in Haida Gwaii is featured in 2872:They are a location in the 2009 novel 2704:Spirit of Haida Gwaii: The Black Canoe 1338:10,101 km (3,900 sq mi) 194:10,180 km (3,930 sq mi) 5312: 4734: 4725: 4590:www.adiyukon.com, ADI Interactive -. 4529: 4411:from the original on 10 February 2013 4357: 4311:from the original on 13 December 2019 4272:from the original on 15 December 2019 4173:from the original on 16 November 2019 4100: 4082:from the original on 21 December 2015 3444: 3426:from the original on 20 February 2018 3417: 3332:from the original on 20 February 2018 3246:from the original on 21 February 2018 3026:Haida Gwaii: On the Edge of the World 2842:Haida Gwaii: On the Edge of the World 2764: 2708:Spirit of Haida Gwaii: the Jade Canoe 2593: 1067:-deficient waters would produce more 1008:Colony of the Queen Charlotte Islands 939:The archipelago was first sighted by 927:Colony of the Queen Charlotte Islands 862:, and gave rise to Eskimo-Aleuts and 730:Public education is provided through 5133:"The Golden Spruce by John Vaillant" 5004:from the original on 21 October 2005 4802:Flora of the Queen Charlotte Islands 4381:from the original on 18 October 2012 4367:Fountain, Henry (October 18, 2012). 4345:from the original on 4 February 2014 4323: 3778: 3698: 3689: 3630:Kennedy, Bouchard & Gessler 2010 3173: 3171: 3169: 3167: 3165: 3128: 3126: 2768: 1487:Flora of the Queen Charlotte Islands 1089:Haida Salmon Restoration Corporation 5777: 4660: 4633:from the original on 6 October 2012 4523: 4073: 3711:from the original on April 19, 2017 3540: 3522: 3058:List of islands of British Columbia 1489:describes plants from the islands. 880: 742:(formerly called Queen Charlotte), 528:List of islands of British Columbia 435:beyond. To the north, the disputed 92: 24: 5809:Archipelagoes of the Pacific Ocean 4913:. Environment Canada. 2016-06-22. 4675:"The Atlas of Global Conservation" 4571:from the original on 28 March 2022 4333:Lucas, Martin (October 15, 2012). 4258:. TouchWood Editions. p. 81. 4233:from the original on 8 August 2015 3749:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb01487.x 3659: 3438: 2889:particularly are key locations in 2799:by removing the content or adding 2608:The islands are located along the 61:Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve 25: 5840: 5819:Archipelagoes of British Columbia 5250: 4202:from the original on 11 June 2014 3273:from the original on 3 April 2012 3162: 3123: 2829:Haida Gwaii has been featured in 2733: 2722:Repatriation of cultural property 1255:Haida Gwaii forests ecoregion in 1133:Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz 634: 533:Part of the Canadian province of 5776: 5764: 5753: 5752: 5161:Marsha Lederman (22 June 2017). 4291:Glover, William (1 April 2004). 4196:CBC.ca Stroumboulopolous Tonight 3293:"HAIDA GWAII RECONCILIATION ACT" 2773: 2698:, is featured on the reverse of 1305:Northern Pacific coastal forests 1249: 1231: 1137:George III of the United Kingdom 1071:that would in turn produce more 355: 259: 219: 91: 84: 5824:North Coast of British Columbia 5290:Pelmorex Weather Networks Inc. 5197: 5154: 5143:from the original on 2018-10-28 5125: 5114:from the original on 2017-09-14 5096: 5078: 5067:from the original on 2014-12-13 5049: 5016: 4986: 4982:, pp. B14, August 22, 2008 4978:"On This Day August 22, 1949", 4971: 4928: 4917:from the original on 2017-02-13 4889:from the original on 2015-11-17 4883:"Harlow latitude and longitude" 4875: 4866: 4855:from the original on 2015-10-18 4828: 4808: 4782:from the original on 2021-11-07 4751: 4714:from the original on 2020-11-13 4696: 4685:from the original on 2012-03-05 4645: 4613: 4602:from the original on 2014-01-02 4583: 4556: 4474: 4463:from the original on 2014-04-23 4448: 4437:from the original on 2014-10-07 4433:. Canada Newswire. 2013-05-23. 4423: 4393: 4221:Canadian Press (30 June 2014). 4214: 4185: 4135:from the original on 2020-11-27 4121: 3881: 3838: 3807: 3772: 3678:from the original on 2016-08-09 3660:Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. 3653: 3635: 3580: 3555: 3507: 3411: 3396:from the original on 3 May 2019 3378: 3347: 3303:from the original on 2017-07-31 3185:from the original on 2019-06-04 2957:Haida Gwaii is the setting for 1187:Still in use is the older name 1037: 947:, at Langara Island,in 1778 by 920: 822:Haida village site were made a 579:also live on the traditionally 439:separates Haida Gwaii from the 105:Haida Gwaii in British Columbia 5418:Mountain resort municipalities 4103:Journal Canadien d'Archéologie 4030:Charri, Anne-Victoire (1984). 3314: 3285: 3258: 3069: 2930:The Great Canadian Bucket List 2677: 1218: 1059:was persuaded to finance this 753: 732:School District 50 Haida Gwaii 571:signing between the Haida and 543:Haida Gwaii Reconciliation Act 13: 1: 5814:North Coast Regional District 5090:www.canadianbucketlist.com.ca 5023:Addley, Esther (2023-02-13). 4530:Cecco, Leyland (2024-04-15). 4455:Zubrin, Robert (2014-04-22). 3814:Keller, James (6 June 2014). 3445:Cecco, Leyland (2024-04-15). 3357:. Council of the Haida Nation 3355:"History of the Haida Nation" 3063: 3043:Indigenous peoples of Siberia 2728:Buxton Museum and Art Gallery 2228:Average snowfall cm (inches) 2158:Average rainfall mm (inches) 1538:), except near the summit of 1101:first of its kind in Canada. 869:Although unsubstantiated, an 771: 169: 5782:WikiProject:British Columbia 4735:Shore, Randy (Oct 6, 2015). 3418:Erwin, Ryan (30 June 2015). 1096:2024 Haida nation title deal 1024:Governor of Vancouver Island 887:coastal migration hypothesis 725: 685:Alliford Bay Water Aerodrome 407:, literally "Islands of the 46:Nickname: "Queen Charlottes" 7: 5408:Indian government districts 5272:Council of the Haida Nation 3699:Hume, Mark (Sep 24, 2014). 3592:ww38.haidagwaiisemester.com 3532:"Arriving in Haida Gwaii". 3390:Council of the Haida Nation 3134:"Ship X̱aayda Kil Glossary" 3010:Council of the Haida Nation 3003: 2600:2012 Haida Gwaii earthquake 2298:Average precipitation days 1897:Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 1757:Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 1287:Temperate coniferous forest 1057:Old Massett Village Council 1047:In July 2012, entrepreneur 1016:gold rush on Moresby Island 842:, Skidegate, 26 July 1878 ( 551:Council of the Haida Nation 413:the Queen Charlotte Islands 289:0.445/km (1.153/sq mi) 202:1,164 m (3819 ft) 10: 5845: 5210:Cambridge University Press 5057:"R.J. Harlick - The Books" 3974:Malyarchuk, Boris (2011). 2885:Haida Gwaii generally and 2737: 2681: 2654: 2597: 2588: 2580: 1587: 1523: 1032:Colony of British Columbia 1028:Colony of Vancouver Island 931:Queen Charlottes Gold Rush 924: 891:settlement of the Americas 829: 824:UNESCO World Heritage Site 697: 604:Ursus americanus carlottae 556:X̱aaydaG̱a Waadlux̱an Naay 29: 5758:Category:British Columbia 5747: 5610: 5522: 5513: 5451: 5383: 5347: 5236:The Canadian Encyclopedia 5137:www.penguinrandomhouse.ca 4998:www.bank-banque-canada.ca 4957:10.1007/s00367-013-0333-3 4579:– via Google Books. 4252:Lillard, Charles (1995). 4078:. Arctic Studies Center. 3980:Journal of Human Genetics 3793:10.1080/15564890801906587 3209:"Queen Charlotte Islands" 2952:Masters of the Northwest, 2921:, are set in Haida Gwaii. 2915:The Silver Totem of Shame 2795:Please help Knowledge to 2533: 2486: 2438: 2391: 2344: 2297: 2227: 2157: 2083: 2036: 1966: 1896: 1826: 1756: 1686: 1639: 1634: 1631: 1628: 1625: 1622: 1619: 1616: 1613: 1610: 1607: 1604: 1601: 1598: 1595: 1400: 1392: 1382: 1377: 1362: 1352: 1342: 1334: 1329: 1321: 1313: 1292: 1280: 1268: 1263: 1248: 1230: 1225: 1104: 1022:, who was simultaneously 613:Mustela haidarum haidarum 340: 330: 320: 298: 293: 285: 277: 272: 256: 245: 233: 216: 206: 198: 190: 176: 165: 128: 118: 113: 79: 67: 53: 44: 5283:The Haida Gwaii Observer 5257:Village of Daajing Giids 4481:Tollefson, Jeff (2017). 3015:Dené–Yeniseian languages 2645:Cascadia subduction zone 1167:name database. The name 1131:, which was named after 970:, which was captured in 714:, cycling, camping, and 563:delegations such as the 431:lies to the south, with 250:Village of Daajing Giids 5403:District municipalities 5375:Counties (court system) 3563:"Chief Matthews School" 1412:Simon Fraser University 1210: 1202: 1190: 1179: 1170: 972:Houston Stewart Channel 661:The westernmost leg of 599:Naikoon Provincial Park 555: 539:Queen Charlotte Islands 518: 512: 502: 492: 486: 476: 470: 460: 403: 398: 18:Queen Charlotte Islands 4747:on September 12, 2017. 4459:. Nationalreview.com. 3237:coastalfirstnations.ca 2674: 1118: 1115:Prince of Wales Island 847: 689:Masset Water Aerodrome 584:Prince of Wales Island 421:northern Pacific coast 294:Additional information 199:Highest elevation 5505:Census agglomerations 5423:Resort municipalities 5413:Island municipalities 4839:Cantharellus formosus 4227:Metro News (Victoria) 3328:. Village of Masset. 3214:BC Geographical Names 3116:BC Geographical Names 2917:, by Canadian author 2913:Portions of the book 2691:Spirit of Haida Gwaii 2688:The artwork known as 2662: 2622:North American Plates 2610:Queen Charlotte Fault 1542:where the climate is 1444:North Pacific Current 1150:. Following the 1846 1112: 837: 720:Haida Heritage Centre 503:Sɢ̱aay Kun Gwaay.yaay 441:Alexander Archipelago 429:Queen Charlotte Sound 399:X̱aaydag̱a Gwaay.yaay 5630:Bridge River Country 4596:hmsbc.library.ubc.ca 4407:. October 16, 2012. 3945:10.3378/027.081.0602 3826:on December 13, 2019 3081:bcstats.shinyapps.io 2928:'s bestselling book 2832:The Nature of Things 2797:improve this article 1687:Record high °C (°F) 1492:Soils are variable. 1203:Xhaaidlagha Gwaayaai 1077:carbon sequestration 901:—inhabitants of the 860:Last Glacial Maximum 844:George Mercer Dawson 575:. A small number of 252: (pop. 964) 5715:Similkameen Country 5700:Peace River Country 5582:Sea-to-Sky Corridor 5296:The Weather Network 5225:- Total pages: 500 4949:2013GML....33..311B 4708:World Wildlife Fund 4656:GEOnet Names Server 4499:2017Natur.545..393T 4049:10.14430/arctic2226 3993:10.1038/jhg.2011.64 3618:Trigger et al. 1996 3269:. Queen's Printer. 2941:A Crow Looked at Me 2809:independent sources 2700:Canadian $ 20 bills 2684:Northwest Coast art 2392:Average snowy days 2345:Average rainy days 1967:Record low °C (°F) 1827:Daily mean °C (°F) 1384:Conservation status 1226:Haida Gwaii forests 1195:or, in alternative 1163:the United States' 903:Kamchatka Peninsula 464:) in the north and 146: / 41: 5355:Regional districts 5188:The Globe and Mail 5181:2017-07-16 at the 5167:The Globe and Mail 4937:Geo-Marine Letters 4822:2014-09-13 at the 4405:APTN National News 4374:The New York Times 3890:American Antiquity 3859:10.1002/ajhb.20041 3705:The Globe and Mail 3605:2022-01-20 at the 3547:"Getting Around". 3487:The New York Times 3372:2016-05-14 at the 2980:(SG̲aawaay Ḵ'uuna) 2969:on Haida Gwaii by 2944:references singer 2896:The Brutal Telling 2765:In popular culture 2675: 2638:Environment Canada 2594:Earthquake hazards 1119: 997:maritime fur trade 960:maritime fur trade 895:On Your Knees Cave 848: 722:at Kaay Ilnygaay. 708:commercial fishing 677:Northern Adventure 629:introduced species 411:"), also known as 246:Largest settlement 207:Highest point 74:Map of Haida Gwaii 39: 32:Santa Cruz Islands 5791: 5790: 5743: 5742: 5650:Chilcotin Country 5552:Discovery Islands 5490:Greater Vancouver 5285:– Local Newspaper 5267:Village of Masset 5226: 4775:978-0-7748-0921-4 4493:(7655): 393–394. 4304:978-0-7735-2710-2 4265:978-0-920663-34-9 4166:978-0-521-57393-1 4019:. Academic Press. 2995:Rainbow Six Siege 2978:Edge of the Knife 2963:The Golden Spruce 2904:Robert Bringhurst 2861:alternate history 2826: 2825: 2585: 2584: 2536:possible sunshine 2441:relative humidity 1588:Climate data for 1455:western red cedar 1408: 1407: 716:adventure tourism 621:Black-tailed deer 519:Ḵ'uuna Gwaay.yaay 348: 347: 316: 315: 16:(Redirected from 5836: 5829:Cultural regions 5780: 5779: 5768: 5756: 5755: 5735:Thompson Country 5675:Lillooet Country 5655:Columbia Country 5625:Boundary Country 5602:Vancouver Island 5520: 5519: 5500:Greater Victoria 5360:School districts 5341:British Columbia 5339:Subdivisions of 5333: 5326: 5319: 5310: 5309: 5305: 5303: 5302: 5246: 5244: 5242: 5224: 5223: 5192: 5191:, June 22, 2017. 5177: 5175: 5173: 5158: 5152: 5151: 5149: 5148: 5129: 5123: 5122: 5120: 5119: 5100: 5094: 5093: 5082: 5076: 5075: 5073: 5072: 5053: 5047: 5046: 5044: 5043: 5020: 5014: 5013: 5011: 5009: 4990: 4984: 4983: 4975: 4969: 4968: 4932: 4926: 4925: 4923: 4922: 4907: 4898: 4897: 4895: 4894: 4879: 4873: 4870: 4864: 4863: 4861: 4860: 4832: 4826: 4812: 4806: 4805: 4797: 4791: 4790: 4788: 4787: 4755: 4749: 4748: 4743:. 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Archived from 3639: 3633: 3627: 3621: 3615: 3609: 3601: 3599: 3598: 3584: 3578: 3577: 3575: 3573: 3559: 3553: 3552: 3544: 3538: 3537: 3529: 3520: 3519: 3514:"Gwaii Haanas". 3511: 3505: 3504: 3502: 3501: 3478: 3469: 3468: 3466: 3465: 3442: 3436: 3435: 3433: 3431: 3415: 3409: 3408: 3403: 3401: 3382: 3376: 3368: 3363: 3362: 3351: 3345: 3344: 3339: 3337: 3318: 3312: 3311: 3309: 3308: 3289: 3283: 3282: 3280: 3278: 3262: 3256: 3255: 3253: 3251: 3245: 3234: 3225: 3219: 3218: 3205: 3194: 3193: 3191: 3190: 3175: 3160: 3159: 3157: 3155: 3149: 3138: 3130: 3121: 3120: 3107: 3092: 3091: 3089: 3087: 3073: 2988:Helen Haig-Brown 2880:Douglas Coupland 2854:Harry Turtledove 2850:Richard Dreyfuss 2821: 2818: 2812: 2777: 2776: 2769: 2754:language isolate 2395: 2348: 2301: 1590:Sandspit Airport 1585: 1584: 1544:subpolar oceanic 1475:mountain hemlock 1357:British Columbia 1253: 1235: 1223: 1222: 1213: 1205: 1193: 1182: 1173: 1144:marine fur trade 1121:In 1787 Captain 984:, captured near 966:, under captain 881:Pre-colonial era 644:Sandspit Airport 619:to the islands. 558: 535:British Columbia 521: 515: 505: 495: 489: 479: 473: 463: 433:Vancouver Island 406: 392: 391: 388: 387: 384: 381: 378: 374: 373: 370: 367: 364: 361: 318: 317: 264: 263: 262: 240:British Columbia 225: 223: 222: 171: 161: 160: 158: 157: 156: 151: 147: 144: 143: 142: 139: 95: 94: 88: 72: 58: 48:"The Charlottes" 42: 38: 21: 5844: 5843: 5839: 5838: 5837: 5835: 5834: 5833: 5794: 5793: 5792: 5787: 5739: 5730:Stikine Country 5710:Shuswap Country 5695:Omineca Country 5680:Nechako Country 5645:Cassiar Country 5606: 5547:Cowichan Valley 5509: 5480:Greater Kelowna 5453: 5452:Metro areas and 5447: 5443:Indian reserves 5379: 5343: 5337: 5300: 5298: 5253: 5240: 5238: 5220: 5200: 5195: 5183:Wayback Machine 5171: 5169: 5159: 5155: 5146: 5144: 5131: 5130: 5126: 5117: 5115: 5102: 5101: 5097: 5084: 5083: 5079: 5070: 5068: 5055: 5054: 5050: 5041: 5039: 5021: 5017: 5007: 5005: 4992: 4991: 4987: 4977: 4976: 4972: 4933: 4929: 4920: 4918: 4909: 4908: 4901: 4892: 4890: 4881: 4880: 4876: 4871: 4867: 4858: 4856: 4833: 4829: 4824:Wayback Machine 4813: 4809: 4798: 4794: 4785: 4783: 4776: 4756: 4752: 4733: 4726: 4717: 4715: 4702: 4701: 4697: 4688: 4686: 4673: 4672: 4661: 4650: 4646: 4636: 4634: 4626:Atlas of Canada 4619: 4618: 4614: 4605: 4603: 4588: 4584: 4574: 4572: 4561: 4557: 4548: 4546: 4528: 4524: 4508:10.1038/545393a 4479: 4475: 4466: 4464: 4453: 4449: 4440: 4438: 4429: 4428: 4424: 4414: 4412: 4399: 4398: 4394: 4384: 4382: 4365: 4358: 4348: 4346: 4331: 4324: 4314: 4312: 4305: 4289: 4285: 4275: 4273: 4266: 4250: 4246: 4236: 4234: 4219: 4215: 4205: 4203: 4191: 4190: 4186: 4176: 4174: 4167: 4151: 4147: 4138: 4136: 4127: 4126: 4122: 4099: 4095: 4085: 4083: 4074:Krupnik, Igor. 4072: 4065: 4028: 4024: 4013: 4009: 3972: 3968: 3929: 3925: 3902:10.2307/2694209 3886: 3882: 3843: 3839: 3829: 3827: 3820:Huffington Post 3812: 3808: 3777: 3773: 3728: 3724: 3714: 3712: 3697: 3690: 3681: 3679: 3675: 3664: 3658: 3654: 3641: 3640: 3636: 3628: 3624: 3616: 3612: 3607:Wayback Machine 3596: 3594: 3586: 3585: 3581: 3571: 3569: 3561: 3560: 3556: 3546: 3545: 3541: 3531: 3530: 3523: 3513: 3512: 3508: 3499: 3497: 3479: 3472: 3463: 3461: 3443: 3439: 3429: 3427: 3422:. Global News. 3416: 3412: 3399: 3397: 3384: 3383: 3379: 3374:Wayback Machine 3360: 3358: 3353: 3352: 3348: 3335: 3333: 3320: 3319: 3315: 3306: 3304: 3291: 3290: 3286: 3276: 3274: 3263: 3259: 3249: 3247: 3243: 3232: 3226: 3222: 3207: 3206: 3197: 3188: 3186: 3177: 3176: 3163: 3153: 3151: 3150:on 10 June 2012 3147: 3136: 3132: 3131: 3124: 3109: 3108: 3095: 3085: 3083: 3075: 3074: 3070: 3066: 3037:Hlk'yah G̱awG̱a 3006: 2866:The Two Georges 2822: 2816: 2813: 2794: 2790:popular culture 2778: 2774: 2767: 2742: 2736: 2724: 2686: 2680: 2657: 2614:transform fault 2606: 2596: 2591: 2586: 2393: 2346: 2299: 2292: 2287: 2282: 2277: 2272: 2267: 2262: 2257: 2252: 2247: 2242: 2237: 2232: 2222: 2217: 2212: 2207: 2202: 2197: 2192: 2187: 2182: 2177: 2172: 2167: 2162: 2152: 2147: 2142: 2137: 2132: 2127: 2122: 2117: 2112: 2107: 2102: 2097: 2092: 2031: 2026: 2021: 2016: 2011: 2006: 2001: 1996: 1991: 1986: 1981: 1976: 1971: 1961: 1956: 1951: 1946: 1941: 1936: 1931: 1926: 1921: 1916: 1911: 1906: 1901: 1891: 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5635:Bulkley Valley 5632: 5627: 5622: 5620:Atlin District 5616: 5614: 5608: 5607: 5605: 5604: 5599: 5597:Sunshine Coast 5594: 5589: 5587:Skeena Country 5584: 5579: 5574: 5572:Lower Mainland 5569: 5564: 5559: 5554: 5549: 5544: 5539: 5534: 5532:Alberni Valley 5528: 5526: 5517: 5511: 5510: 5508: 5507: 5502: 5497: 5495:Greater Vernon 5492: 5487: 5482: 5477: 5472: 5467: 5457: 5455: 5454:agglomerations 5449: 5448: 5446: 5445: 5440: 5435: 5430: 5425: 5420: 5415: 5410: 5405: 5400: 5395: 5393:Municipalities 5389: 5387: 5381: 5380: 5378: 5377: 5372: 5370:Health regions 5367: 5365:Land districts 5362: 5357: 5351: 5349: 5345: 5344: 5336: 5335: 5328: 5321: 5313: 5307: 5306: 5287: 5279: 5274: 5269: 5264: 5259: 5252: 5251:External links 5249: 5248: 5247: 5227: 5218: 5199: 5196: 5194: 5193: 5153: 5124: 5095: 5077: 5048: 5015: 4985: 4970: 4943:(4): 311–318. 4927: 4899: 4874: 4865: 4827: 4807: 4792: 4774: 4750: 4724: 4695: 4659: 4644: 4612: 4582: 4555: 4522: 4473: 4447: 4422: 4392: 4356: 4322: 4303: 4283: 4264: 4244: 4213: 4184: 4165: 4145: 4120: 4109:(2): 273–286. 4093: 4063: 4042:(4): 441–445. 4022: 4007: 3986:(8): 583–588. 3966: 3939:(5): 509–521. 3923: 3896:(4): 635–652. 3880: 3853:(4): 420–439. 3837: 3806: 3771: 3722: 3688: 3669:whc.unesco.org 3652: 3649:on 2012-10-23. 3634: 3622: 3620:, p. 124. 3610: 3579: 3554: 3539: 3521: 3506: 3470: 3437: 3410: 3377: 3346: 3313: 3284: 3257: 3220: 3195: 3161: 3122: 3093: 3067: 3065: 3062: 3061: 3060: 3055: 3050: 3045: 3040: 3034: 3032:Haida language 3029: 3022: 3017: 3012: 3005: 3002: 3001: 3000: 2991: 2984:Gwaai Edenshaw 2982:, directed by 2974: 2955: 2949: 2938:'s 2017 album 2933: 2922: 2911: 2900: 2883: 2870: 2846: 2837: 2824: 2823: 2788:references to 2781: 2779: 2772: 2766: 2763: 2746:Haida language 2740:Haida language 2738:Main article: 2735: 2734:Haida language 2732: 2723: 2720: 2682:Main article: 2679: 2676: 2656: 2653: 2595: 2592: 2590: 2587: 2583: 2582: 2578: 2577: 2574: 2571: 2568: 2565: 2562: 2559: 2556: 2553: 2550: 2547: 2544: 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offsets 1061:geoengineering 1044: 1041: 1039: 1036: 1012:British colony 986:Cumshewa Inlet 968:Simon Metcalfe 922: 919: 882: 879: 871:oral tradition 831: 828: 816:Anthony Island 773: 770: 755: 752: 727: 724: 699: 696: 648:Masset Airport 636: 635:Transportation 633: 524:Kunghit Island 498:Burnaby Island 482:Anthony Island 466:Moresby Island 437:Dixon Entrance 346: 345: 342: 338: 337: 332: 328: 327: 322: 314: 313: 311: 310: 304: 302: 296: 295: 291: 290: 287: 283: 282: 279: 275: 274: 270: 269: 257: 254: 253: 247: 243: 242: 237: 231: 230: 217: 214: 213: 208: 204: 203: 200: 196: 195: 192: 188: 187: 185:Moresby Island 178: 174: 173: 167: 163: 162: 130: 126: 125: 120: 116: 115: 111: 110: 104: 98: 97: 90: 89: 83: 82: 81: 80: 77: 76: 73: 65: 64: 59: 51: 50: 45: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5841: 5830: 5827: 5825: 5822: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5805: 5802: 5801: 5799: 5784: 5783: 5774: 5772: 5771: 5770:Portal:Canada 5767: 5762: 5760: 5759: 5750: 5749: 5746: 5736: 5733: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5725:Slocan Valley 5723: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5705:Robson Valley 5703: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5670:Liard Country 5668: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5660:Fraser Canyon 5658: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5638: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5617: 5615: 5613: 5609: 5603: 5600: 5598: 5595: 5593: 5590: 5588: 5585: 5583: 5580: 5578: 5575: 5573: 5570: 5568: 5565: 5563: 5560: 5558: 5557:Fraser Valley 5555: 5553: 5550: 5548: 5545: 5543: 5540: 5538: 5537:Central Coast 5535: 5533: 5530: 5529: 5527: 5525: 5521: 5518: 5516: 5512: 5506: 5503: 5501: 5498: 5496: 5493: 5491: 5488: 5486: 5483: 5481: 5478: 5476: 5473: 5471: 5468: 5466: 5462: 5459: 5458: 5456: 5450: 5444: 5441: 5439: 5436: 5434: 5431: 5429: 5426: 5424: 5421: 5419: 5416: 5414: 5411: 5409: 5406: 5404: 5401: 5399: 5396: 5394: 5391: 5390: 5388: 5386: 5382: 5376: 5373: 5371: 5368: 5366: 5363: 5361: 5358: 5356: 5353: 5352: 5350: 5346: 5342: 5334: 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3425: 3421: 3414: 3407: 3395: 3391: 3387: 3381: 3375: 3371: 3367: 3356: 3350: 3343: 3331: 3327: 3323: 3317: 3302: 3298: 3297:www.bclaws.ca 3294: 3288: 3272: 3268: 3261: 3242: 3238: 3231: 3224: 3216: 3215: 3210: 3204: 3202: 3200: 3184: 3180: 3174: 3172: 3170: 3168: 3166: 3146: 3142: 3135: 3129: 3127: 3118: 3117: 3112: 3111:"Haida Gwaii" 3106: 3104: 3102: 3100: 3098: 3082: 3078: 3072: 3068: 3059: 3056: 3054: 3051: 3049: 3046: 3044: 3041: 3038: 3035: 3033: 3030: 3028: 3027: 3023: 3021: 3018: 3016: 3013: 3011: 3008: 3007: 2997: 2996: 2992: 2989: 2985: 2981: 2979: 2975: 2972: 2968: 2964: 2960: 2959:John Vaillant 2956: 2953: 2950: 2947: 2943: 2942: 2937: 2934: 2931: 2927: 2923: 2920: 2916: 2912: 2909: 2905: 2901: 2899: 2897: 2892: 2888: 2884: 2881: 2877: 2876: 2871: 2868: 2867: 2862: 2859: 2855: 2851: 2847: 2844: 2843: 2838: 2834: 2833: 2828: 2827: 2820: 2810: 2806: 2802: 2798: 2792: 2791: 2787: 2782:This article 2780: 2771: 2770: 2762: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2741: 2731: 2729: 2719: 2717: 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