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wood has every board cut along a radius of the original log, so each board has a perpendicular grain, with the growth rings oriented at right angles to the surface of the board. However, since this produces a great deal of waste (in the form of wedge-shaped scraps from between the boards) rift-sawing is very seldom used. Quartersawn wood is thus seen as an acceptable compromise between economical but less-stable flatsawn wood (which, especially in oak, will often display the distinct "cathedral window" grain) and the expensively-wasteful rift sawn wood, which has the straightest grain and thus the greatest stability.
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165:, the log is passed through the blade cutting off plank after plank without changing the orientation of the blade or log. The resulting planks have different annual ring orientations when viewed from the end. The relative angle that form the rings and the surface go from almost zero degrees in the external planks to almost ninety degrees at the core of the log.
258:, seen as subtle wavy ribbon-like patterns across the straight grain. Medullary rays grow in a radial fashion in the living tree, so while flat-sawing would cut across the rays, quarter-sawing puts them on the face of the board. This ray pattern has made quartersawn wood especially desirable for furniture and decorative panelling.
251:) will often display a prominent wavy grain (sometimes called a cathedral-window pattern) caused by the saw cutting at a tangent to a growth ring; since in quartersawn wood the saw cuts across the growth rings, the visible grain is much straighter; it is this evenness of the grain that gives quartersawn wood its greater stability.
169:
results is boards with the annual rings mostly perpendicular to the faces. Quarter sawing yields boards with straight striped grain lines, greater stability than flatsawn wood, and a distinctive ray and fleck figure. It also yields narrower boards, because the log is first quartered, which is more wasteful.
200:
Quarter sawing is sometimes confused with the much less common "rift sawing." In quartersawn wood, only the center board of the quarter-log is cut with the growth rings truly perpendicular to the surface of the board. The smaller boards cut from either side have grain increasingly skewed. Riftsawn
168:
Quarter sawing gets its name from the fact that the log is first quartered lengthwise, resulting in wedges with a right angle ending at approximately the center of the original log. Each quarter is then cut separately by tipping it up on its point and sawing boards successively along the axis. That
126:
Wood cut in this way is prized for certain applications, but it will tend to be more expensive as well. In cutting a log, quarter sawn boards can be produced in several ways, but if a log is cut for maximum yield it will produce only a few quarter sawn boards among the total; if a log is cut to
269:, who said "The quartersawing method of cutting... renders quartersawn oak structurally stronger, also finer in grain, and, as shown before, less liable to warp and check than when sawn in any other way." Cheaper copies of Stickley's furniture were sometimes made with the less-expensive
232:, quartersawn wood is also often used for the sides which must be steam bent to produce compound curves. This is partly for structural reasons, but also for the aesthetics of highly figured timbers being highlighted when sawn this way. On high-end
227:
In high-end string instruments, the neck and fretboards are often made from quartersawn wood, since these structures must remain stable throughout the life of the instrument, to keep the tone and playability as invariable as possible. In
179:(1890–1960), famous for its Appalachian oak flooring and other products, used a modified technique to reduce waste: (1) bark and a few boards were removed from two opposite sides of the log; (2) the log was cut in half
185:(Note: no reference is made in this source to the notion of "flipping the wedge" as described in the preceding paragraph. Apparently, the cuts were made without "flipping.")
172:
Quartersawn boards can also be produced by cutting a board from one flat face of the quarter, flipping the wedge onto the other flat face to cut the next board, and so on.
2016:
247:
Another advantage of quartersawn wood is the decorative pattern on the board, although this depends on the timber species. Flat sawn wood (especially
306:. General Technical Report FPL-GTR-190. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory. 2010. 3–15. print"
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83:(compared to flatsawn boards), shrinkage across the width, shake and splitting, and other good qualities. In some woods such as
154:(most common, also known as flat-sawn, bastard-sawn, through and through, and tangent-sawn), quarter-sawing (less common), or
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The process indicated in the US as "quarter sawing" yields a few boards that are quartersawn, but mostly rift sawn boards.
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of the guitar, since this makes for a stronger and straighter neck which aids tuning, setup and stability.
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In addition to the grain, quartersawn wood (particularly oak) will also often display a pattern of
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Quartersawn boards have advantages compared to flat sawn ones: they are more resistant against
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Quartersawn oak was a key feature of the decorative style of the
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stained to resemble oak, but it can be identified by its lack of rays.
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Quarter-sawn boards have greater stability of form and size with less
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along the length (axis) of the log. This can be done in three ways:
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with the terms defined both with opposite meanings and as synonyms.
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quarter sawn surface, showing ray fleck (modest in this case)
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quartersawn wood is often used as the base material for the
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387:"Quality green building materials from Loyalist Forest"
2017:
International
Federation of Building and Wood Workers
337:
The W. M. Ritter Lumber
Company Family History Book.
66:. There is widespread confusion between the terms
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23:A method for logs 16–19 in (41–48 cm)
31:A method for logs over 19 in (48 cm)
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304:Wood handbook:Wood as an engineering material
339:(no ISBN) p. 57. (Diagram by F. M. Adkins.)
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58:. The resulting lumber can also be called
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2007:Building and Wood Workers' International
414:. Amish Direct Furniture. Archived from
355:A History of Woodworking: An Online Book
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42:is a woodworking process that produces
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369:"Image: Flat, Quarter and rift sawing"
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1992:American Association of Woodturners
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107:The quarter sawing is process for
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2022:National Wood Carvers Association
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1997:Architectural Woodwork Institute
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412:"What Quarter Sawn White Oak is"
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2002:British Woodworking Federation
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95:is likely to produce a ribbon
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2012:Caricature Carvers of America
302:"Forest Products Laboratory.
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177:William Ritter Lumber Company
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265:, particularly the work of
142:When boards are cut from a
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190:Comparison to rift sawing
181:(possibly, four quarters)
2173:Wood-related terminology
351:"Defining Quartered Oak"
263:Arts and Crafts movement
439:Hoadley, Bruce (2000).
2104:Frameless construction
1185:Wood-plastic composite
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2032:Timber Framers Guild
886:Australian Blackwood
473:at Wikimedia Commons
471:Types of timber cuts
1752:Hammer-headed tenon
1271:Janka hardness test
146:, they are usually
16:Woodworking process
613:Japanese carpentry
441:Understanding Wood
349:McCinis, Raymond.
335:Reedy, Dennie E.
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2109:Green woodworking
1966:Wood preservation
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373:beatingupwind.com
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418:on 2013-09-10
417:
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54:of logs into
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40:quartersawing
37:
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1916:Heat bending
1861:Edge banding
1633:Router plane
1628:Rebate plane
1588:Finger plane
1319:
1023:
1017:
997:
991:Lignum vitae
749:
743:
708:Wood carving
683:Shipbuilding
668:Root carving
628:Log building
593:Chip carving
440:
420:. Retrieved
416:the original
406:
395:. Retrieved
391:the original
381:
372:
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344:
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320:. Retrieved
313:the original
303:
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238:bass guitars
226:
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74:quarter sawn
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44:quarter-sawn
43:
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2168:Woodworking
2137:WikiProject
2083:Rift sawing
2073:Flat sawing
1961:Wood drying
1638:Scrub plane
1623:Razee plane
1573:Block plane
1427:Mitre clamp
1374:Wood scribe
1325:Combination
1067:Purpleheart
763:Douglas fir
713:Woodturning
546:Occupations
508:Woodworking
443:. Taunton.
196:Rift sawing
163:flat sawing
156:rift sawing
109:rip cutting
103:Description
52:rip cutting
48:quarter-cut
2162:Categories
2092:Techniques
2041:Conversion
1971:Wood stain
1899:Treatments
1687:Birdsmouth
1653:Spokeshave
1603:Jack plane
1593:Fore plane
1432:Pipe clamp
1397:Band clamp
1321:Carpenters
1142:Engineered
1092:Rubberwood
941:Eucalyptus
745:Calocedrus
658:Pyrography
623:Kohlrosing
422:2013-08-09
397:2010-06-22
322:2014-03-18
289:References
283:Board foot
119:or simply
111:logs into
89:wood grain
62:or simply
1881:Parquetry
1876:Oystering
1871:Marquetry
1712:Butterfly
1379:Workbench
1311:Sandpaper
1291:Mitre box
1236:Drawknife
1226:Burnisher
1211:Abrasives
1160:Hardboard
821:Afromosia
703:Whittling
653:Parquetry
638:Marquetry
583:Certosina
578:Carpentry
568:Cabinetry
515:Overviews
121:quartered
69:rift sawn
64:quartered
2127:Category
1906:Adhesive
1886:Purfling
1866:Intarsia
1807:Profiles
1732:Dovetail
1671:Geometry
1510:Hand saw
1495:Crosscut
1480:Circular
1475:Chainsaw
1422:Holdfast
1087:Rosewood
1019:American
1014:Mahogany
986:Jelutong
956:Hornbeam
921:Cocobolo
916:Chestnut
831:Andiroba
643:Millwork
608:Intarsia
603:Fretwork
598:Ébéniste
527:Glossary
277:See also
158:(rare).
2147:Commons
2063:Whipsaw
2058:Sawmill
1951:Varnish
1946:Thermal
1921:Lacquer
1856:Binding
1825:Chamfer
1692:Biscuit
1658:Surform
1550:Whipsaw
1520:Keyhole
1505:Fretsaw
1485:Compass
1470:Bucksaw
1460:Bandsaw
1455:Backsaw
1437:Sawbuck
1407:F-clamp
1402:C-clamp
1276:Jointer
1180:Plywood
1132:Zebrano
1072:Ovankol
1037:Meranti
1025:African
996:Linden
951:Hickory
906:Cedrela
901:Camphor
896:Bubinga
891:Boxwood
871:Bilinga
856:Avodire
773:Juniper
758:Cypress
633:Luthier
522:History
222:warping
148:rip cut
131:Process
81:cupping
2053:Hewing
1792:Splice
1747:Halved
1742:Groove
1737:Finger
1717:Coping
1702:Bridle
1679:Joints
1560:Planes
1545:Veneer
1535:Scroll
1530:Ripsaw
1515:Jigsaw
1490:Coping
1389:Clamps
1316:Square
1306:Shaper
1301:Router
1281:Mallet
1256:Gimlet
1231:Chisel
1127:Willow
1117:Walnut
1107:Totara
1097:Sapele
1062:Poplar
1047:Padauk
1009:Merbau
981:Jarrah
966:Imbuia
961:Idigbo
926:Cumaru
911:Cherry
836:Anigre
798:Spruce
751:Cedrus
618:Khatam
573:Caning
536:lumber
447:
113:lumber
97:figure
93:sapele
87:, the
56:lumber
1931:Paint
1840:Ovolo
1835:Ogive
1820:Bevel
1787:Scarf
1772:Miter
1540:Table
1525:Miter
1500:Frame
1417:Gripe
1333:Speed
1329:Miter
1261:Gauge
1251:Float
1246:Fence
1241:Drill
1199:Tools
1122:Wenge
1112:Utile
1077:Ramin
1032:Maple
1004:Lovoa
976:Iroko
946:Hazel
931:Ebony
876:Birch
866:Beech
861:Balsa
851:Aspen
846:Apple
826:Alder
783:Kauri
778:Larch
740:Cedar
723:Woods
698:Treen
316:(PDF)
309:(PDF)
1830:Ogee
1815:Bead
1757:Knee
1727:Dado
1707:Butt
1447:Saws
1359:Vise
1296:Rasp
1221:Adze
1102:Teak
1057:Plum
1052:Pear
813:Hard
793:Rimu
788:Pine
732:Soft
532:Wood
445:ISBN
242:neck
236:and
175:The
72:and
1956:Wax
1926:Oil
1762:Lap
1697:Box
1465:Bow
1337:Try
1216:Axe
1170:OSB
1165:MDF
1042:Oak
971:Ipê
936:Elm
841:Ash
803:Yew
768:Fir
271:ash
249:oak
161:In
144:log
85:oak
46:or
38:or
2164::
1335:,
1331:,
1327:,
1323:,
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353:.
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1318:(
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1016:(
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742:(
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534:(
500:e
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486:v
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357:.
325:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
