33:
800:
82:
529:
788:
692:
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728:
704:
776:
764:
752:
740:
613:
57:
354:
1363:
553:
603:
585:
in 17 rows at midbody, more or less strongly keeled on the posterior part of the body. Ventrals 190–208; anal divided; subcaudals 95–135, divided. Brown above, frequently with more or less distinct black crossbands on the posterior part of the body and on the tail; young usually with light crossbands
824:
Wogan, G.; Srinivasulu, C.; Srinivasulu, B.; Papenfuss, T.; Shafiei Bafti, S.; Orlov, N.L.; Ananjeva, N.B.; Deepak, V.; Borkin, L.; Milto, K.; Golynsky, E.; Rustamov, A, Munkhbayar, K.; Nuridjanov, D.; Dujsebayeva, T.; Shestopal, A.; Sawant, N.S.; Achyuthan, N.S.; Vyas, R.; Shankar, G.; Das, A.;
408:
was around 877 to 940 g (1.933 to 2.072 lb), though larger males of over 2.3 m (7 ft 7 in) (which average mildly larger of the two sexes in the species) may easily weigh over 2.5 kg (5.5 lb). Their color varies from pale browns in dry regions to nearly black in
624:
Rat snakes mate in late spring and early summer, though in tropical areas reproduction may take place year round. Males establish boundaries of territory using a ritualised test of strength in which they intertwine their bodies. The behaviour is sometime misread by observers as a "mating dance"
620:
Rat snakes, though harmless to humans, are fast-moving, excitable snakes. In captivity, they are territorial and may defend their turf aggressively, attempting to startle or strike at passing objects. Rat snakes are diurnal and semi-arboreal. They inhabit forest floors, wetlands, rice paddies,
576:
Snout obtuse, slightly projecting; eye large; rostral a little broader than deep, visible from above; suture between the internasals shorter than that between the prefrontals; frontal as long as its distance from the end of the snout, as long as the parietals or slightly shorter; usually three
403:
among living colubrid snakes. Despite their large size, oriental ratsnakes are usually quite slender with even a specimen of 2 m (6 ft 7 in) commonly measuring 4 to 6 cm (1.6 to 2.4 in) only around in diameter. Furthermore, the average weight of ratsnakes caught in
397:. Dhamans are large snakes. Typical mature total length is around 1.5 to 1.95 m (4 ft 11 in to 6 ft 5 in) though some exceed 2 m (6 ft 7 in). The record length for this species was 3.7 m (12 ft 2 in), second only to their cousin
621:
farmland, and suburban areas where they prey upon small reptiles, amphibians, birds, and mammals. Adults, unusually for a colubrid, prefer to subdue their prey by sitting on it rather than by constricting, using body weight to weaken prey.
581:
2+2; 8 Upper labials, fourth and fifth entering the eye; 5 Lower labials in contact with the anterior chin shields, which are shorter than the posterior; the latter in contact anteriorly.
1548:
636:
which overlaps this species in range. The resemblance often backfires in human settlements, though, as the harmless animal may be mistaken for a venomous snake and killed.
889:
1327:
Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio Decima, Reformata.
536:
Rat snakes and related colubrids are aggressively hunted by humans in some areas of their range for skins and meat. Harvesting and trade regulations exist in
1059:
871:
1478:
1517:
645:
1584:
628:
Adult members of this species emit a growling sound and inflate their necks when threatened. This adaptation may represent mimicry of the
977:
Indian Snakes: An
Elementary Treatise on Ophiology with a Descriptive Catalogue of the Snakes Found in India and the Adjoining Countries
906:
Catalogue of the Snakes in the
British Museum (Natural History). Volume I., Containing the Families ... Colubridæ Aglyphæ, part.
1452:
1491:
417:, non-venomous, and fast-moving. Rat snakes eat a variety of prey and are frequently found in urban areas where rodents thrive.
908:
Trustees of the
British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, Printers). London. xiii + 448 pp. + Plates I.- XXVIII. (
1496:
586:
on the front half of the body. Lower surface yellowish; the posterior ventral and the caudal shields may be edged with black.
1684:
1594:
1180:
1207:
990:
Trading System, Abundance and
Habitat Characteristic of Oriental Rat-snake Ptyas mucosus (Linnaeus 1758) in Central Java
1190:
1154:
Young, B.A., Solomon, J., Abishahin, G. 1999. "How many ways can a snake growl? The morphology of sound production in
664:
is a feminine word form (from πτυάς, a Greek word for a venom-spitting snake), the proper form of the species name is
1614:
1217:
1112:. The Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma. Vol. 1. London: Secretary of State for India in Council
933:
281:
1599:
1002:
296:
1522:
1604:
207:
1659:
1629:
787:
1669:
1654:
1609:
1367:
1089:
799:
1674:
1644:
1664:
1067:
1649:
1624:
1619:
329:
237:
1639:
1634:
849:
691:
625:
between opposite-sex individuals. Females produce 6–15 eggs per clutch several weeks after mating.
81:
1679:
1233:
951:
Conservation Status and Impact of Trade on the
Oriental Rat Snake Ptyas mucosa in Java, Indonesia
901:
565:
318:
727:
715:
1483:
1417:
1379:
1297:
703:
513:
Adult rat snakes have no natural predators, although younger specimens are the natural prey of
259:
1107:
775:
763:
751:
865:
739:
186:
1509:
1426:
1535:
1209:
Making a
Killing Or Making a Living: Wildlife Trade, Trade Controls, and Rural Livelihoods
672:
word meaning "slimy"). Reference materials older than 2004 often show the masculine form,
445:(Zhejiang, Hubei, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan, Tibet, Hong Kong),
8:
1344:. Ronald Press. New York. viii + 185 pp. ("The Indian Rat Snake", pp. 136–137, 181.)
307:
46:
649:
591:
216:
76:
1530:
1439:
1431:
1213:
1186:
1182:
Wilderness
Medicine E-Book: Expert Consult Premium Edition - Enhanced Online Features
929:
826:
270:
32:
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341:
1341:
578:
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1561:
1589:
1402:
399:
394:
285:
248:
1578:
1504:
1322:
835:
582:
577:
loreals; one large preocular, with a small subocular below; two postoculars;
528:
518:
203:
66:
61:
1282:
1898. Notes on Indian Snakes in
Captivity. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Series 7,
633:
498:
1234:"CASE STUDY ON PTYAS MUCOSUS – A PROPOSED NDF METHOD FOR INDONESIA (JAVA)"
1465:
1411:
1347:
Nixon, A.M.A., and S. Bhupathy. 2001. Notes on the occurrence of Dhaman (
1293:
426:
1351:) in the higher altitudes of Nilgiris, Western Ghats. Cobra (44): 30–31.
1457:
669:
629:
514:
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410:
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383:
153:
1470:
541:
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93:
1373:
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612:
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438:
414:
133:
113:
653:
502:
486:
434:
379:
123:
1311:
Lazell, J.D. 1998. Morphology and the status of the snake genus
353:
1362:
656:
name should follow logically from the gender of its associated
522:
446:
103:
1302:
Iconographie générale des
Ophidiens: Vingt-quatrième livraison
1137:
1556:
677:
657:
557:
537:
482:
450:
442:
386:
163:
143:
552:
602:
474:
470:
405:
1338:
Boy's Book of Snakes: How to
Recognize and Understand Them
926:
A Photographic Guide to Snakes and Other Reptiles of India
1340:. A volume of the Humanizing Science Series, edited by
928:. Ralph Curtis Books. Sanibel Island, Florida. 144 pp.
590:
It is the second largest snake in Sri Lanka, after the
1054:
1052:
1050:
1048:
988:
Sabarno, M.Y., Santosa, Y. & Prihadi, N. (2012).
1272:
Fitzinger, 1843 (Serpentes: Colubridae). Hamaddryad
1045:
825:Mohapatra, P.; Thakur, S.; Kulkarni, N.U. (2021).
525:. They are wary, quick to react, and fast-moving.
517:that overlap them in their range. Juveniles fear
1576:
1132:
1130:
1128:
1126:
964:A field guide to the reptiles of South-East Asia
1105:
850:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T164644A1063584.en
646:International Code for Zoological Nomenclature
570:Fauna of British India: Reptilia and Batrachia
1123:
680:list continues to list the species this way.
1304:. Baillière. Paris. Index + Plates I.–VI. ("
870:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1060:"Ptyas mucosa - Dhaman (Oriental) Ratsnake"
544:, but these regulations are often ignored.
532:A juvenile with a scratch from a street cat
55:
31:
848:
1268:. 2004. On the grammar of the gender of
1178:
611:
601:
556:An oriental rat snake found in southern
551:
527:
352:
1577:
1179:Auerbach, Paul S. (October 31, 2011).
1378:
1377:
943:
885:
883:
881:
40:Indian rat snakes (grey and yellow)
1585:IUCN Red List least concern species
1308:, Merr.", Plate III., Figures 2–4.)
1205:
836:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
817:
420:
409:moist forest areas. Rat snakes are
13:
1258:
878:
14:
1696:
1355:
1099:
992:. Bogor Agricultural University.
890:The Reptile Database:Ptyas mucosa
521:, larger reptiles, and mid-sized
1361:
1329:L. Salvius. Stockholm. 824 pp. (
1090:"traffic_species_reptiles25.pdf"
798:
786:
774:
762:
750:
738:
726:
714:
702:
690:
80:
1226:
1206:Roe, Dilys (January 11, 2002).
1199:
1172:
1148:
1082:
1020:
793:Long tail of oriental rat snake
639:
995:
982:
969:
956:
915:
895:
547:
1:
1158:and its potential mimicry of
1007:Reptile-database.reptarium.cz
810:
1185:. Elsevier Health Sciences.
616:Indian rat snake on a branch
508:
7:
1685:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
597:
378:, is a common non-venomous
10:
1701:
1595:Reptiles described in 1758
979:. Higgibotham and Company.
683:
1386:
1222:– via Google Books.
1195:– via Google Books.
953:. TRAFFIC Southeast Asia.
222:
215:
192:
185:
77:Scientific classification
75:
53:
44:
39:
30:
23:
1615:Reptiles of Central Asia
1315:. Herpetological Review
1106:Boulenger, G.A. (1890).
966:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
648:(ICZN) directs that the
366:, commonly known as the
1600:Reptiles of Afghanistan
892:, Reptile-database.org.
469:(Sumatra, Java, Bali),
278:Coryphodon blumenbachii
1605:Reptiles of Bangladesh
1306:Coryphodon Blumenbachi
1167:Herpetological Journal
1109:Reptilia and batrachia
975:Nicholson, E. (1893).
617:
609:
588:
561:
533:
358:
1660:Reptiles of Sri Lanka
1630:Reptiles of Indonesia
1276:(1 & 2): 113–116.
1032:Indiabiodiversity.org
843:: e.T164644A1063584.
615:
605:
574:
555:
531:
356:
293:Leptophis trifrenatus
1670:Reptiles of Thailand
1655:Reptiles of Pakistan
1610:Reptiles of Cambodia
1370:at Wikimedia Commons
697:Head with open mouth
245:Coluber blumenbachii
1675:Reptiles of Vietnam
1645:Reptiles of Myanmar
1336:Morris, P.A. 1948.
1070:on 18 November 2019
949:Auliya, M. (2010).
805:Temporals indicated
47:Conservation status
1665:Reptiles of Taiwan
1064:Snakesoftaiwan.com
650:grammatical gender
618:
610:
592:Indian rock python
562:
534:
389:found in parts of
368:Oriental rat snake
359:
267:Ptyas blumenbachii
1650:Reptiles of Nepal
1625:Reptiles of India
1620:Reptiles of China
1572:
1571:
1531:Open Tree of Life
1380:Taxon identifiers
1366:Media related to
733:Underside of head
721:View of temporals
564:Description from
351:
350:
345:
333:
322:
311:
300:
289:
274:
263:
252:
241:
230:
229:Linnaeus, 1758
70:
1692:
1640:Reptiles of Laos
1635:Reptiles of Iran
1565:
1564:
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1142:77.siam-info.com
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1120:
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1117:
1103:
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1080:
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1077:
1075:
1066:. Archived from
1056:
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1042:
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1038:
1024:
1018:
1017:
1015:
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999:
993:
986:
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962:Das, I. (2015).
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709:Top view of head
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572:volume of 1890:
421:Geographic range
376:Indian rat snake
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16:Species of snake
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1382:
1358:
1342:Jacques Cattell
1333:, p. 226.)
1331:Coluber mucosus
1288:Zamenis mucosus
1264:David, P., and
1261:
1259:Further reading
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912:, pp. 385–386.)
910:Zamenis mucosus
902:Boulenger, G.A.
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226:Coluber mucosus
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1290:, p. 30.)
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1028:"Ptyas mucosa"
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395:Southeast Asia
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1432:Ptyas_mucosa
1418:Ptyas mucosa
1388:Ptyas mucosa
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1368:Ptyas mucosa
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1323:Linnaeus, C.
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866:cite journal
854:. Retrieved
840:
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829:Ptyas mucosa
828:
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673:
665:
661:
643:
640:Nomenclature
634:Indian cobra
627:
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607:Ptyas mucosa
606:
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499:Turkmenistan
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1466:iNaturalist
1412:Wikispecies
1298:F. Sordelli
1280:GĂĽnther, A.
1246:25 November
1160:Ophiophagus
1074:25 November
1037:25 November
1012:25 November
548:Description
515:King cobras
453:(including
427:Afghanistan
1579:Categories
1286:: 30–31. (
1116:2012-03-13
811:References
670:Late Latin
630:king cobra
461:Islands),
431:Bangladesh
340:David and
154:Colubridae
140:Suborder:
1319:(3): 134.
1241:Cites.org
940:, p. 43.)
660:name. As
579:temporals
566:Boulenger
542:Indonesia
509:Predators
467:Indonesia
463:Sri Lanka
425:Found in
344:, 2004
332:, 1921
321:, 1890
319:Boulenger
310:, 1861
299:, 1861
297:Hallowell
288:, 1854
273:, 1843
271:Fitzinger
262:, 1839
251:, 1820
240:, 1768
172:Species:
144:Serpentes
100:Kingdom:
94:Eukaryota
1557:Species+
1484:10360927
1403:Q2338867
1397:Wikidata
1300:. 1867.
1296:, &
1212:. IIED.
676:and the
674:mucosus,
598:Behavior
495:Thailand
491:Pakistan
479:Malaysia
439:Cambodia
415:arboreal
384:colubrid
238:Laurenti
217:Synonyms
204:Linnaeus
150:Family:
134:Squamata
124:Reptilia
114:Chordata
110:Phylum:
104:Animalia
90:Domain:
67:IUCN 3.1
1497:1082304
1458:5224052
1294:Jan, G.
922:Das, I.
684:Gallery
654:species
523:mammals
503:Vietnam
487:Myanmar
477:, West
459:Nicobar
455:Andaman
435:Myanmar
413:, semi-
411:diurnal
380:species
160:Genus:
130:Order:
120:Class:
65: (
1549:mucosa
1510:164644
1325:1858.
1266:I. Das
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924:2002.
904:1893.
856:3 July
666:mucosa
447:Taiwan
372:dhaman
286:Bibron
260:Cantor
249:Merrem
1590:Ptyas
1523:31142
1479:IRMNG
1471:28868
1445:4Q9PH
1313:Ptyas
1270:Ptyas
1237:(PDF)
1093:(PDF)
678:CITES
662:Ptyas
658:genus
558:India
538:China
483:Nepal
451:India
443:China
391:South
387:snake
165:Ptyas
1562:6039
1536:6526
1518:NCBI
1505:IUCN
1492:ITIS
1453:GBIF
1248:2021
1214:ISBN
1187:ISBN
1076:2021
1039:2021
1014:2021
930:ISBN
872:link
858:2023
841:2021
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540:and
501:and
475:Laos
471:Iran
457:and
406:Java
393:and
330:Wall
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284:and
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