118:
84:
68:
394:. In 1763, there were 22 soldiers in the presidio, entrusted to defend all five nearby missions. The soldiers at times were used as escorts, and to prevent cattle rustling and smuggling. In 1772, other forts in the area were closed; Presidio San Antonio de Béxar, however, was left open and became the principal defense in Texas, with a command of 80 soldiers. Béxar was made the capital of Texas and the presidio captain served as regional governor. In 1790, plans were made to renovate the fort, but were never realized.
494:
358:
form the town of Béjar or Béxar, which became the cornerstone of
Spanish Tejas or Texas. Being located in the center of several operating systems, mission Béxar did not suffer the needs and anxieties of other presidios. Despite occasional Indian attacks, the defenses of the presidio walls were never completed or were deemed necessary, as the mission was partially completed and later converted into the main unit of walled defense.
91:
365:, marking the origin of the present city of San Antonio, Texas. The event was chaired by Martin de Alarcón, settling around 30 families in the surrounding area. On February 14, 1719, the Marquess of San Miguel de Aguayo made a report to the king of Spain, proposing that 400 families be transported from the Canary Islands, Galicia, or Habana to populate the province of
312:, telling of their hopes and plans for the future mission, and urged him to send families of settlers to found a town. In the same letter, he stressed that it was necessary for some of these families to be skilled in the useful arts and industries, "to teach the Indians all that should be required to be useful and capable citizens."
357:
and to secure
Spanish claims in the region against possible encroachment by other European powers. The presidio consisted of an adobe building, thatched with grass, with soldiers and their families quartered in brush huts. As settlers concentrated around the presidio complex and mission, it began to
237:
and his party of thirty-five soldiers. The Villa de Béjar is known for being the first
Spanish settlement of San Antonio and consisted of the families of the Presidio Soldiers and those of the prior expeditions. It also served to secure Spain's claim to the region against possible encroachment from
381:, the group in Veracruz marched overland to the Presidio San Antonio de Béxar, arriving on March 9, 1731. The group joined the military community resident since 1718, forming the first government of the city and taking as its headquarters the Presidio of San Antonio de Béxar.
485:
in March 1836 and the
Mexican garrison was temporarily reinstated. The presidio officially ceased to exist when the Mexican Army presented their formal surrender in San Antonio on June 4, 1836, to Béxar Military Chief
1169:
384:
In 1726, there were 45 soldiers in the fort and 4 families living nearby; nine soldiers were spread between the missions and the total civilian population was 200 people. Soldiers' quarters and the
420:
Although stockade walls were begun in 1805 on the north side of the city, a fort was no longer believed necessary. By 1806, all the troops had moved into the former Alamo
Mission, by then a fort.
1164:
957:
427:, persuaded the presidio soldiers to rebel against its Spanish officers. Later, support for the Royalist officers was re-established, and the soldiers joined the army under
233:. It was designed for protection of the mission San Antonio de Valero and the Villa de Béjar. The Presidio de Béxar was founded on May 5, 1718 by Spanish colonial official
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135:
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353:, approximately one-half mile from the mission. It was designed to protect the system of missions and civilian settlements in central
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45:
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The operating complex was completed with the construction of the
Presidio San Antonio de Béxar, on the west side of the
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932:
812:
790:
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1016:
962:
1209:
1134:
417:, they occupied the presidio Plaza de Armas (military Plaza) and the secularized mission of San Antonio de Valero.
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briefly commanded Béxar and the Alamo. The town and the Alamo fort were recaptured by the
Mexican army at the
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995:
782:
517:
388:
were completed in 1749 to house the military garrison's commanding officer. The location became known as the
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947:
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gave formal approval for the missions in late 1716, assigning responsibility for their establishment to
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to convince the authorities of the importance of maintaining the territory and establishing new
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346:), six miles long, to irrigate 400 hectares of land and to supply water to the new facilities.
320:
234:
668:
707:
Randell G. Tarín, "SECOND FLYING COMPANY OF SAN CARLOS DE PARRAS," Handbook of Texas Online (
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8:
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Susan
Prendergast Schoelwer, "SAN ANTONIO DE VALERO MISSION," Handbook of Texas Online (
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909:
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586:"National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Spanish Governor's Palace"
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362:
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218:
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A Revolution
Remembered: The Memoirs and Selected Correspondence of Juan N. Seguin
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1021:
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378:
724:), accessed April 27, 2011. Published by the Texas State Historical Association.
711:), accessed April 27, 2011. Published by the Texas State Historical Association.
698:), accessed April 23, 2011. Published by the Texas State Historical Association.
638:"History and legends of The Alamo and others missions in and around San Antonio"
454:, the presidio garrison actively participated in numerous military engagements.
361:
On May 5, the
Presidio San Antonio de Béxar was founded on the west side of the
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663:
History and Legends of the Alamo and Other Missions in and Around San Antonio
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230:
150:
137:
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301:. The authorities said "yes." He remained in Spain six years (until 1715).
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281:, exploring the territory between the present-day location of the city of
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410:
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222:
107:
1170:
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Texas
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493:
267:
874:
804:
1108:
406:
374:
775:
Tragic Cavalier: Governor Manuel Salcedo of Texas, 1808–1813
1103:
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and the expulsion of Mexican troops from Texas in December 1835,
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613:
https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/GetAsset/NHLS/70000741_photos
446:
of San Antonio, a position he held for a decade. During the
401:(Álamo de Parras) were sent to reinforce the presidio, from
270:, to test the possibilities of new settlements in the area.
694:"SAN ANTONIO DE BEXAR PRESIDIO," Handbook of Texas Online (
370:
273:
In 1709, Olivares participated in the expedition headed by
214:
1165:
Forts on the National Register of Historic Places in Texas
658:
315:
Fray Antonio's perseverance eventually paid off, and the
266:
was sent to explore and describe the country beyond the
497:
Presidio San Antonio de Béxar is located in modern-day
632:
342:. He also built the first irrigation ditch in Texas (
250:, several expeditions were organized to the region of
722:
https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/uqs08
709:
https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/qhs01
696:
https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/uqs02
583:
90:
461:, the commandant of the now-former Mexican state of
1205:
National Register of Historic Places in San Antonio
958:
Mission Nuestra Señora del Espíritu Santo de Zúñiga
660:
258:. With that goal, in 1675 an expedition formed by
801:The Alamo Story-From History to Current Conflicts
1126:
928:Mission Nuestra Señora de los Dolores de los Ais
465:, was headquartered at the presidio, during the
262:, Fray Francisco Hidalgo, Fray Juan Larios, and
254:, an area of great strategic importance to the
409:. Under the jurisdiction of the clergy of the
334:organized the construction of the new mission
836:
399:Second Flying Company of San Carlos de Parras
659:De Zavala, Adina; Flores, Richard R (1996).
754:
843:
829:
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530:Main and Military Plazas Historic District
66:
38:Main and Military Plazas Historic District
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46:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
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772:
628:
626:
624:
622:
620:
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14:
1160:Government buildings completed in 1719
1127:
1058:Monarchs and Viceroys of Spanish Texas
640:. History legends of de Zarichs Online
561:"National Register Information System"
824:
727:
1175:National Historic Landmarks in Texas
981:Presidio La Bahía del Espíritu Santo
617:
566:National Register of Historic Places
369:. In June 1730, 25 families came to
24:
1140:Spanish forts in the United States
986:Presidio San Luis de las Amarillas
933:Mission San Francisco de la Espada
584:Snell and Heintzelman (May 1975).
423:In 1811, retired militia officer,
72:Spanish Military Governor's Palace
25:
1221:
1012:Juan Bautista de las Casas Revolt
850:
759:, Austin, TX: State House Press,
996:Presidio de San Antonio de Béjar
289:. The same year, he traveled to
241:
116:
89:
82:
1155:Historic house museums in Texas
667:. Arte Publico Press. pp.
373:, and 10 families were sent to
1185:Pre-statehood history of Texas
1074:Jefe Político of Spanish Texas
963:Mission Santa Cruz de San Sabá
783:Texas A&M University Press
773:Almaráz, Félix D. Jr. (1971),
714:
701:
688:
652:
553:
411:Villa de San Fernando de Béxar
176:
13:
1:
748:
518:Alamo Plaza Historic District
18:Presidio San Antonio de Bexar
1190:1718 establishments in Texas
948:Alamo Mission in San Antonio
547:
523:Alamo Mission in San Antonio
340:Mission San Francisco Solano
27:United States historic place
7:
938:Mission San Juan Capistrano
807:: Republic of Texas Press,
755:del la Teja, Jesus (1991),
505:
10:
1226:
1017:Gutiérrez–Magee Expedition
452:Texan wars of independence
433:Gutiérrez-Magee Expedition
425:Juan Bautista de las Casas
397:In 1803, 100 men from the
377:. Under the leadership of
1082:
1066:
1050:
1030:
1004:
971:
920:Spanish missions in Texas
918:
858:
535:Spanish Governor's Palace
386:Spanish Governor's Palace
221:, located in what is now
200:
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187:
175:NRHP reference
174:
166:
129:
103:
77:
65:
61:
52:
43:
36:
32:
799:Edmondson, J.R. (2000),
742:de la Teja (1991), p. 5.
588:. National Park Service.
260:Fray Antonio de Olivares
1210:Military in San Antonio
1135:Colonial forts in Texas
861:Early Texas Settlements
431:and fought against the
429:Manuel María de Salcedo
344:Acequia Madre de Valero
238:other European powers.
1180:History of San Antonio
1150:Museums in San Antonio
973:Spanish forts of Texas
634:Adina Emilia De Zavala
601:Cite journal requires
542:Acequia Madre de bexar
502:
469:. After the siege and
55:U.S. Historic district
1051:Monarchs and Viceroys
1022:James Long Expedition
683:indian people payaya.
571:National Park Service
496:
459:Domingo de Ugartechea
336:San Antonio de Valero
277:, together with Fray
151:29.42417°N 98.49361°W
1083:Municipal government
991:Presidio of San Sabá
636:(December 8, 1917).
499:downtown San Antonio
310:Viceroy of New Spain
246:From the Convent of
779:College Station, TX
513:Antonio de Olivares
483:Battle of the Alamo
403:Parras de la Fuente
332:Antonio de Olivares
306:Antonio de Olivares
297:on the bank of the
264:Fernando del Bosque
156:29.42417; -98.49361
147: /
1114:Síndico Procurador
943:Mission Concepción
503:
413:and the Bishop of
323:, the governor of
279:Isidro de Espinosa
201:Designated HD
1122:
1121:
678:978-1-55885-181-8
573:. April 15, 2008.
363:San Antonio River
351:San Antonio River
321:Martín de Alarcón
299:San Antonio River
235:Martín de Alarcón
219:San Antonio River
211:Presidio de Béxar
208:
207:
188:Significant dates
16:(Redirected from
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953:Mission San José
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838:
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777:(2nd ed.),
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733:Almaráz, p. 118.
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463:Coahuila y Texas
338:, from the next
325:Coahuila y Tejas
275:Pedro de Aguirre
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1005:Armed conflicts
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501:, Texas, U.S.A.
471:Battle of Béxar
379:Juan Leal Goraz
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217:built near the
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479:James C. Neill
442:was appointed
391:Plaza de Armas
304:In 1716, Fray
287:Colorado River
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213:was a Spanish
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204:April 15, 1970
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852:Spanish Texas
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814:1-55622-678-0
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444:quartermaster
441:
440:Erasmo Seguín
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242:Establishment
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231:United States
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196:June 11, 1979
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193:Added to NRHP
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124:United States
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35:
31:
19:
1090:Ayuntamiento
1042:Moses Austin
1031:
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642:. Retrieved
594:cite journal
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405:in southern
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245:
210:
209:
1033:Empresarios
890:Nacogdoches
870:San Antonio
488:Juan Seguin
317:Viceroyalty
283:San Antonio
223:San Antonio
154: /
130:Coordinates
108:San Antonio
1129:Categories
910:Orcoquisac
895:Atascosito
749:References
415:Nuevo León
268:Rio Grande
142:98°29′37″W
139:29°25′27″N
1067:Governors
880:El Cópano
875:Los Adaes
805:Plano, TX
548:Citations
438:In 1825,
435:in 1813.
248:Querétaro
229:, in the
1109:Alguacil
1092:–
905:Presidio
885:La Bahía
644:July 16,
506:See also
477:Colonel
457:In 1835
407:Coahuila
375:Veracruz
295:missions
285:and the
182:79002914
104:Location
1104:Regidor
1099:Alcalde
1094:Cabildo
511:Father
448:Mexican
900:Ysleta
811:
789:
763:
675:
475:Texian
121:
671:, 4.
367:Texas
355:Texas
330:Fray
291:Spain
252:Texas
227:Texas
167:Built
112:Texas
809:ISBN
787:ISBN
761:ISBN
673:ISBN
646:2013
611:and
607:help
450:and
371:Cuba
215:fort
170:1718
327:.
177:No.
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785:,
781::
681:.
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592:{{
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