Highway revolts in the United States

1446:'s Regional Operations Center. The State of Connecticut sold off land originally cleared for the Route 34 freeway between York Street and Route 10 in New Haven in 2002, effectively ensuring the freeway could not be extended beyond York Street. Meanwhile, officials and community groups in New Haven began pressing the State of Connecticut to remove the existing freeway through downtown. In 2011, the city of New Haven and State of Connecticut reached an agreement to remove the Route 34 freeway west of the New Haven Railyard and construct a 4-lane landscaped boulevard in its place. A portion of the land recovered from the freeway would be sold for development, while the remainder reserved as park space. Demolition of the Route 34 freeway began in 2013, with completion scheduled for 2016. Similarly, the Connecticut Department of Transportation plans to remove the freeway stub at I-84 in Newtown and replace the directional interchange with a diamond interchange. ConnDOT also plans to build a 1430:, largely paralleling Route 34. Construction on the initial (and only completed) segment in downtown New Haven from Interstate 95 to York Street began in 1957, with its opening in 1959. Opposition to the freeway in New Haven increased as homes and businesses between York Street and Route 10 were razed to extend the Route 34 freeway, resulting in lawsuits that halted further construction on the highway in the late 1960s and 1970s. Further west, residents in the town of Orange opposed the Route 34 freeway as it would pass near a reservoir that supplies the region with its drinking water. Opponents further west along Route 34 in Monroe and Oxford filed additional lawsuits to block construction of a bridge across the 2194:. In the 1940s and 1950s, as the Northwest Tollway (now the Jane Addams Memorial Tollway) was being routed through the Rockford area, local politicians debated the costs and benefits of various routings of the tollway. One of the proposed tollway alignments that would serve downtown was considered. This was eventually turned down in favor of an alignment that was located miles east of downtown. At the same time, the commercial center of Rockford had shifted from downtown to the East. In an effort to draw residents and businesses back to the traditional center of town, the idea of a new crosstown expressway was born. The highway was to follow the Chicago and Northwestern Railroad line from Interstate 39/ 1678:: When it was first proposed in 1969, it was supposed to be the northernmost part of a chain of expressways from Deerfield Beach to Coral Gables, but the proposed Snake Creek Expressway (in Broward County) became part of the Florida's Turnpike Extension and the LeJeune-Douglas Expressway (in Dade County) failed in the 1970s as construction budgets narrowed roadbuilding capabilities. On the other hand, the rerouting of Interstate 75 from the Tamiami Trail to Alligator Alley increased the necessity of a northern/western bypass of coastal Broward County and invigorated the project which had acquired a new route and a new name, the Sawgrass-Deerfield Expressway, later shortened to the Sawgrass Expressway. 3867:, which was designed to connect the eastern and western sides of I-275 through Hamilton County, was built, but never fully completed. For years, the highway existed in two separate segments; the eastern segment was built between Galbraith Road and Montgomery Road (just east of I-71) in the late 1950s and early 1960s. In the mid-1970s, the western stretch was built from Colerain Avenue (U.S. Route 27) to the western side of I-275. While these segments were finally connected in 1997, and the highway was renamed the Ronald Reagan Highway, the three-mile (5 km) stretch between Montgomery Road and the eastern side of I-275 was never built due to protests from wealthy residents of 946:) was initially intended to go from the port complex all the way north to Pasadena, linking up with the Ventura and Foothill Freeways (SR 134 & I-210), completing a bypass of Downtown Los Angeles to the east. The freeway was completed just past I-10 in Alhambra, and a half-mile stub was built in Pasadena (still unsigned, but officially SR 710). Opposition came from the small city of South Pasadena, which would have been cut in half, impacting its small but lively downtown. A six-mile (10 km) gap currently exists, and Caltrans is still attempting to build some sort of link, the latest idea of which has been a pair of tunnels. 76: 973: 647:. The Berkeley Department of Public Works and Planning Commission proposed possible routings for it in 1952, and were met with 5,000 signatures on a petition in opposition. Nevertheless, the commission included the route in the 1955 Berkeley Master Plan. A 1957 public hearing drew 100 protesters. The 1959 Alameda County transportation plan attempted to relocate the proposed freeway to the Oakland–Berkeley border, but Oakland was no more receptive to the freeway, and the Berkeley City Council voted to stop planning it in 1961. 1884:. Land acquisition would have been easy as most of the route was railroad right-of-way. The freeway was officially canceled on May 12, 1978, because new federal guidelines for interstates indicated that any approved route going forward would have to be 10 miles (16 km) or less in length, and be a 'final link' in the interstate system as a whole, instead of a new road. Attention after that cancellation began to turn towards upgrading US 19 instead. The former railroad line is used as a bike–pedestrian trail, known as the 1940:. Land acquisition would have been extremely expensive, erasing the practicality of building the freeway, and it was canceled by 1976. All that remains of this freeway plan is Ulmerton Road's very wide right-of-way, preserved by the state for the freeway when Ulmerton Road was expanded in the early 1970s. Long-term widening of Ulmerton Road using the extended right-of-way to expand from four lanes to six lanes was completed in 2009. Expansion to 8 lanes is underway in stages in 2015, with some sections complete. 1323:

over the routing of the US-6 Freeway. Since the agencies involved could not come to an agreement, CONNDOT abandoned plans the US-6 Freeway in 2005. The department instead rebuilt the section of US-6 the freeway was intended to bypass in 2000. The section of US-6 between I-384 and Willimantic remains a two-lane road, but rebuilding that segment straightened curves, added shoulders and turning pockets, and reduced the number of roadways and driveways intersecting the road to improve safety.

4357: 320:) scrapped the plans without further efforts for the central city segment. As the completed east-bound portion of I-10 advanced closer, transportation planners pushed for some resolution. By 1984 traffic gridlock had reached the point where planners devised a new plan, with I-10 still running although roughly the same alignment, but instead with the central city portion tunneled through downtown, with a large park on top. The revised I-10/Papago Freeway was opened in 1990. 35: 316:), a massive public relations opposition battle began, citing the freeway sprawl of Los Angeles as a model Pulliam did not want Phoenix embracing. The rhetoric became so heated that in 1973 a non-binding public advisory election was held, resulting (largely due to Pulliam's regular editorial tirades) in an overwhelming "no" vote for the existing plan. The city and the Arizona State Highway Department (now 2745:. Between 1994 and 2002, M-5 was extended further northward along the right-of-way that had been reserved for I-275, but as a grade-level expressway with traffic lights at 13 Mile, 14 Mile, and Maple Roads, and a grade-level railroad crossing between Maple Road and M-5's northern terminus at Pontiac Trail. Local residents continue to resist further expansion, even as Commerce Township slowly succumbs to 1771:. It would have connected at the eastern end of the Southern Crosstown Expressway, passing to the south of Brandon, ending at an interchange with State Road 60 east of Brandon. By 1984 when city planners were ready to build the expressway, the area's population exploded, with high land prices and community opposition leading to its cancellation and instead widening of State Road 60 in Brandon. 138: 4062:, which opened in 1978. 99W was moved onto nearby Front Avenue (the stretch of 99W through Portland would be later decommissioned), and little evidence remains that there was once a freeway along the waterfront. The removal of Harbor Drive was not very controversial; the construction of I-5 on the river's East Bank, and I-405 through the downtown core, had made Harbor Drive unnecessary. 2785:, as well as land acquisition and demolition for the road's right-of-way, had already begun when local residents protested I-335's proposed path through their communities. Stub ramps on I-35W, some of which are now part of the Johnson Street interchange, remain as clues to where I-335 would have begun; more stub ramps can also be found on I-94 at the North 3rd Street interchange. 2223:, the section east of I-65 was dropped, but the Illiana Expressway was extended westward to Interstate 55 in Illinois. Opponents filed a lawsuit to block construction of the Illiana Expressway in 2013, with a federal judge ordering a halt to work on the toll road in 2015. Officials from the Federal Highway Administration, Indiana and Illinois appealed the court's ruling to the 2058:), and later, Interstate 694, the project was canceled after opposition from North Side residents who didn't want an interstate in their communities, fearing that land along the shores of Lake Michigan would be lost. Lake Shore Drive remains a US route, rather than an interstate highway, with a mix of interchanges and at-grade intersections. 6361: 243:. Design and construction began in earnest in the 1950s, with many cities and rural areas participating. However, many of the proposed freeway routes were drawn up without considering local interests; in many cases, the construction of the freeway system was considered a regional (or national) issue that trumped local concerns. 4348:

Johnsbury, meeting up with I-93, then splitting right after crossing into New Hampshire. The freeway would cut straight across northern New Hampshire into Maine, where it would cut down to Maine's coastal cities. The freeway has been called a critical link for loggers in Maine to reach Western markets in the U.S. and Canada.

2314:, rather than its planned terminus at I-95 exit 50 (currently US 1 Alternate: Caton Avenue), while I-83 terminates in downtown Baltimore at Fayette Street instead of connecting to I-95 at exit 57. Additionally, Moravia Road was never built beyond I-95 exit 60; it was supposed to be connected to the Windlass Freeway ( 2984:. The expressway was originally very popular among local leaders, and Moses had gone so far as to run the Expressway right through Manhattan skyscrapers. However, fears of increased vehicular traffic in the already congested city brought cancellation in 1971. This led to the downgrade of New Jersey's portion of 4454:

as a second bypass of Seattle. Similar proposals were made in 2000 and 2003. While the routings have varied, public opposition has shut down each of the projects. Additional freeways in the Seattle metropolitan area were proposed in transportation plans from the 1960s, but were not developed further.

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was once planned for an expressway upgrade, and construction on one segment of the expressway began, but lack of funding at the state level halted construction of further segments. The grading and several overpasses for the expressway still exist, but as a mostly unpaved section that has since gained

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to design a freeway network for the city. Moses produced a proposal which called for numerous freeways to crisscross the city; of this proposal six freeway routes made it to the planning stage. Four of the six were eventually constructed (in some cases in the face of intense opposition); these are:

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for the expressway, and a Federal judge allowed construction to resume in 1983. By then however, the cost of construction had skyrocketed and there were no longer any funds available to complete the expressway, as all highway funds were diverted into a massive statewide highway repair program in the

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is a busy, retail-loaded east/west route in Clearwater. Legions of tourists from the north and east use it as their primary route to Clearwater Beach and due to its high traffic, it was proposed to be upgraded to a freeway. Local merchants and residents were against this upgrade, and instead SR 60

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Expressway: 20.2 miles (32.5 km). This freeway was the highest profile of all planned in the county, and would have been built as an interstate with mostly federal funds. It would have provided a route directly from downtown St. Petersburg to downtown Clearwater and would have replaced much of

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Expressway") was changed in 1971 to run from I-10 at Culebra Avenue west along Culebra to Loop 410. However, this plan would also have resulted in a large number of homes and businesses being destroyed in the heavily Latino West Side, and protests from the community and elected officials eventually

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interchange all the way to downtown Rockford. This partially-built interchange was built in the early 1980s, designed to allow for future extension northward. Part of this highway would have replaced Woodruff Avenue, a street that parallels the railroad, giving the expressway its original name. The

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junction on the north side of Chicago. The highway, which would have been designated Interstate 494, was canceled in 1979 by elected officials, who cited the $ 1.2 billion price tag as reason enough to terminate the project. Monies from the aborted highway ultimately went to the construction of the

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Pinellas Belt Expressway: 7.4 miles (11.9 km). The Pinellas Belt Expressway, or beltway, was budgeted in 1974 for construction in the 1979 fiscal year but intense community opposition stopped the freeway from progressing. Construction would have disrupted retail outlets along Tyrone Boulevard

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Two other small sections of the planned Route 34 freeway were completed: a short freeway stub from Route 34 to a directional interchange with Interstate 84 in Newtown (originally built for the cancelled Route 25 freeway extension) built in the mid-1970s, and a short freeway segment near the Maltby

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Windham Bypass. CONNDOT and the FHWA intended to construct the US-6 Freeway through Andover, Bolton, and Coventry to link I-384 and the Windham Bypass. After 40 years since it was first planned, CONNDOT, the FHWA, and local officials remained deadlocked with the EPA and the Army Corps of Engineers

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was planned for the area around 45th and North Avenue. The right-of-way for the entire corridor was cleared. Due to neighborhood opposition, the only section of this freeway completed was from Milwaukee Street to Walnut Street. The above-grade section between Milwaukee Street and 6th Street was

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was to connect I-271 with downtown Cleveland via Shaker Boulevard, the Shaker Lakes, North Park Boulevard and East Cleveland. The Lee Freeway was to run north from an interchange with the Clark Freeway at Shaker Lakes over Lee Road to the Heights Freeway that would have run east–west approximately

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with Gandy Boulevard as limited access, and of the very wide right-of-way preserved along Gandy Boulevard east of I-275. While the original plans are dead, the intersections of Gandy Boulevard with 4th, 9th and 16th Streets and Roosevelt Boulevard were flown in 2017; traffic in both directions is

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has revived speculation on at least this portion of highway. The land impact would be minimized along the Mound Road corridor, as Mound was constructed as a multilane divided highway with a particularly wide median, suggesting that MDOT planned for this stretch to be upgraded to a full freeway at

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Ignoring the initial protests, a huge freeway-to-freeway interchange was constructed for the Davison extension at Exit 186 of the Jeffries, and a massive stacked freeway-to-freeway interchange was also constructed on Exit 22 of I-696 at Mound Road. Both of these interchanges see much less traffic

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Sunset Point Freeway: 7.2 miles (11.6 km). The Sunset Point Freeway was never seriously considered, with the upgrading of SR 60 to a freeway being favored at the time, although traffic studies in the early 1970s indicated that Drew Street, a major east-west road in downtown Clearwater, would

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During the 1960s, there were a number of proposals for new expressways. These included the Skyline Freeway from Commerce City to Morrison, the Hampden Freeway through Englewood, the Columbine Freeway which would have gone up Santa Fe, Downing, and Park Avenue West before leaving Denver via North

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freeway. The section through downtown Bakersfield and the Westchester residential district was never completed due to opposition from Westchester residents. The controversy continues to this day, as the Bakersfield City Council's plans to widen Highway 178 through the Westchester area are being

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In 1964, the Spokane Metropolitan Area Transportation Study was formed to fulfill requirements of Federal Highway Act of 1962, and in 1970, along with the Department of Highways, released the "Corridor Study for North Spokane and North Suburban Area Freeway". It recommended a north–south freeway

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basin. Some in Connecticut have been seeking to revive the expressway proposal, including those who originally opposed it, citing the rapidly increasing volume of traffic and the number of fatal accidents on the existing Route 7 over the past 20 years. Further north on US-7 however, officials in

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to Interstate 180 connection. In late 2000, the state decided to proceed with the 6/180 connection but ran into opposition from farmers and withdrawn support from political leaders. In February 2002, IDOT stated there were no traffic need for the freeway, only political and economic reasons for

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had traffic backups as far back as 1965, and the Belcher Freeway was considered in a Greiner Inc., study that year. While public reception was positive, the freeway was canceled in May 1978 as traffic projections without that link would have not made it cost effective or useful to construct. To

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and Newtown forced CONNDOT to eventually kill plans for extending the Route 25 freeway north of Route 111 in 1992. The department has instead focused on widening the existing 2-lane roadway, which is supported by Trumbull and Monroe. However, Newtown remains opposed to any upgrades that would

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Starting in 1956, in San Francisco, when many neighborhood activists became aware of the effect that freeway construction was having on local neighborhoods, effective city opposition to many freeway routes in many cities was raised; this led to the modification or cancellation of many proposed

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Another conceived freeway (proposed to be designated as either I-92 or I-98 in different versions of the plan) that has been continually protested is a proposal by the state of Maine and business interests in Maine and Vermont for a freeway extending from Montpelier at I-89, crossing to St.

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before ending at Commerce Street east of I-37. The plan also included a long-planned bypass route for I-10 running north-south about one mile west of the overloaded I-10/I-35 section downtown. After pushback from local officials protesting the routing of both freeways through the proposed

1536:, thus relieving LeJeune Road. The spur would branch off the Tollway just east of NW 37th Avenue and run north–south on the west side of NW 37th Avenue. North of Melreese Golf Course, it would cross the Tamiami Canal and head west to the MIA terminal entrance on Northwest 21st Street. A 3698:

in Downtown Buffalo – the existing Niagara Street exit ramps (Exit 8) from Interstate 190 are several blocks long because they were originally planned to be part of the West Side Arterial, which would have run along Virginia Street and along the north side of downtown to connect to Route

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and keep I-595 as an independent expressway. The Gratigny continues to the west as I-75 and curves northbound at 138th Street/Hialeah Gardens Drive. An extension to the Turnpike in the west is in MDX's 2025 master plan, that would slightly reduce the length of I-75 by around 1.5 to 2

3196:). On two occasions, Suffolk County built roads and allowed them to be redesignated as state highways, in the hope that the state would upgrade them when the county couldn't. The following is a list of roads throughout New York State that were either canceled, truncated, or stalled. 4478:

along Hamilton and Nevada streets (the corridor between Nevada and Helena). Though a full freeway interchange connecting Hamilton Street with I-90 was built, residents successfully blocked any further construction through this area. The remaining section of the freeway stub is now

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Airport Spur: The Dolphin Expressway was originally supposed to be built on Northwest 20th Street, instead of its current 14th Street alignment. A 1964 plan called for two options to solving the traffic problems near Miami International Airport. The first option was to convert

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collapse months earlier. Two short extensions of the Route 7 freeway were completed near the Danbury Fair Mall in 1986, and from Route 123 to Gristmill Road in Norwalk in 1992, before funds for further construction were exhausted. The proposal remained on the books until the

1209:. Currently, a gap remains in the beltway, as it stops short of reaching the Denver suburbs of Broomfield and Golden, where fierce opposition to the road continues. Golden is opposed to completion of the beltway; Broomfield supports it, and has been exploring alternate routes. 2199:

highway was later renamed for Raoul Wallenberg, a Swedish diplomat noted for saving many Hungarian Jews in the Holocaust. The project was eventually abandoned due to its heavy financial costs and the negative impacts the highway would have on its surrounding neighborhoods.

1725:, displacing several homes and churches along its path. The second proposed corridor ran north of Okeechobee Boulevard and aligned with Palm Beach Lakes Boulevard. When community opposition to the aforementioned routes escalated, county officials offered to transform 3847:

Cincinnati also had a freeway revolt: the Colerain, Queen City and Taft Expressways were never built (though a particularly congested segment of Queen City Avenue was eventually bypassed in 2005) and the Red Bank Expressway, designed as a freeway connection between

2734:, through where much of I-275 would have run. Environmental concerns were cited, as well as fears of dropping property values. As a result, the construction of I-275 north of I-96/I-696 was canceled. A stub from the former eastern leg of I-96, redesignated part of 4334:

The Burlington Beltline was a planned highway envisioned in the 1960s to be built around the Burlington metropolis with the freeway cutting through the waterfront for access to the core business district. The only part of this built to federal specifications was

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neighborhood, where part of the route would have passed. The Riverside Expressway was cancelled in 1972, following a federal lawsuit that blocked funding needed for its construction. Its cancellation also made possible the creation of Tulsa's River Parks system.

1157:. The new route was adopted in 1965 by Caltrans and would cost more than $ 2 million a mile for the 7.1 mile expansion. The plan for the new route was rejected by major opposition from the community at the October 11, 1971, San Luis Obispo city council meeting. 2685:

While the revolts indeed had stopped the freeways from being built through several Detroit neighborhoods, many homes, neighborhoods, and even historical buildings had been destroyed to make way for interstate freeway construction, by the controversial means of

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would be considered redundant, particularly because of its close proximity to the Vine Street Expressway.) Several non-interstate freeways inside Philadelphia were also cancelled, including the Pulaski Expressway (PA 90) which would have connected the

1747:, but most were canceled by 1982. The high cost of acquiring right of way in this densely populated area, as well as community opposition, were the key factors in canceling most of these freeways. Instead, planners decided to widen existing roads. 1729:

into a full expressway to avoid displacing any residences. All proposed expressways were eventually scrapped. More than a decade after shelving those expressway plans, Southern Boulevard was converted into a partial east–west expressway from I-95 to

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representing the supporters of the freeway, became a de facto referendum on the proposed route. The election was won by Goldschmidt and the freeway was canceled. The proposed federal funds for the project were instead made available for a planned

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and followed an unspecified route (in the 1951 version, a tunnel under the park and then a depressed routing through the Panhandle) northeast to the eastern end of the Panhandle, continuing east from there between Fell and Oak Streets to meet the

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was routed on a new alignment through an industrial area (and away from the residential neighborhood that its prior alignment—and the I-505 proposal—ran through). A stub ramp is all that remains of the unbuilt proposed section of the interstate.

2178:. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Illinois adopted a supplemental freeway plan, and the Interstate 180 to Peoria extension was part of this plan, but very few of these freeways were actually built. The freeway was going to be designated as 2829:, feared that the paralleling toll-free highway could take away traffic (and revenue) south of the I-287 interchange. In 1982, an act of Congress allowed the Somerset Freeway to be dropped, but stipulated that I-95 would be rerouted, via the 2133:

for further study, which was authorized in 1993 to construct and operate the highway. Due to opposition from some vocal citizens and elected officials, the tollway dropped the environmental study in 2019, shelving the project indefinitely.

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Various attempts through the years to construct a freeway through the outer western suburbs of the Chicago metropolitan area were met with strong resistance and were ultimately unsuccessful. The Fox Valley Freeway was proposed to run from

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As construction progressed on the massive ramps that would connect I-275 to the existing interchange of I-96 and the western terminus of I-696, fierce opposition rose up from residents within several Oakland County communities, including

2255:, many in the community considered this to be racially prejudiced. While local efforts to stop this route of I-10 were unsuccessful, the disruption motivated residents to oppose further planned freeways through historic neighborhoods. 1784:

upgrade: Dale Mabry Highway was planned to be upgraded to an expressway north of the canceled Northtown Expressway to near Lutz. The upgrades were only applied to a couple of intersections due to community oppositions on most of the

228:, abruptly terminating freeway alignments, and short stretches of freeway in the middle of nowhere, all of which are evidence of larger projects which were never completed. In some instances, freeway revolts have led to the eventual 2215:. Originally, the Illiana Expressway was envisioned to start at Interstate 57 in eastern Illinois, then intersect Interstate 65 near Lowell, Indiana before turning northeast, crossing US-30 near Valparaiso before terminating at the 4295:. The initial proposal for the so-called "Bandera Expressway" would have routed the freeway parallel to and just west of Bandera Road, continuing south to the Guadalupe Street corridor, where it would have turned east and crossed 1834:

corridor in southern Hillsborough County, also doubling as a barrier against hurricanes for Tampa. It was canceled due to lack of growth in southern Hillsborough County and the fact that shipping would have been blocked by the

299:. The largest unconstructed section of I-10 in the country, beginning just east of the Arizona-California border, was still in its planning stage when a debate began for the Phoenix section. Designers had evolved the proposed 2532:

The Northern Expressway was granted an exemption because it was nearly complete. Its final 3-mile (4.8 km) segment was completed in 1973 with a section from East Somerville to the North Station area of downtown Boston.

1554:, or it would have merged with the SR 922 and taking over its causeway. The portion east of 32nd Avenue was never completed due to community opposition. The original western terminus at the Turnpike was moved back to the 4239:, were envisioned to be 1,200 feet in width and accommodate separate carriageways for automobiles and trucks; rail lines, and utility conduits. Opposition to the Trans-Texas Corridor plan was so strong that then-Governor 2756:

to I-275 was shelved in the 1970s as part of the same revolt. Although talks of reviving the Northwestern Extension continued for decades, development of the land along the proposed extension's right-of-way, including a

2043:. However, a large portion in northern North Chicago was never completed, so the road exists in two small portions. The Waukegan portion is frequently referred to as "The Highway to Nowhere" because of its uselessness. 4367:

located in Northern Virginia. The segment shown in the photo was proposed for conversion to HO/T operation as three lanes, but was dropped from the final project. The facility has since been converted to HO/T Lanes in

3031:, was canceled. The Bushwick was canceled largely due to the cancellation of the Lower Manhattan Expressway. For this reason, none of I-78's spur routes connect to I-78; the closest connection would have been made by 4123:. Both freeways were part of a planned routing of Interstate 695. Because of community opposition, neither freeway was constructed. (Additionally, the position of the Crosstown Expressway portion of I-695 between the 1370:

have long pushed CONNDOT to construct a new US-7 freeway to the west of Brookfield. After decades of environmental studies and intense debate, construction on the Brookfield Bypass began in 2007 and opened in 2009.

1517:). There was no projected interchange with the Florida's Turnpike. It was to be four lanes for its entire length, and its total cost was slated at $ 22.6 million. It was never built due to funding and opposition. 4045:

In addition to the cancellation of three proposed freeway routes, Portland saw another milestone in the freeway revolts: the destruction of an already-existing freeway. The first freeway to be built through the

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used the issue as political capital by decreeing the cancellation all freeway projects in Detroit. City Council soon followed his wishes. This included three interconnected major projects, the final ten miles of

3871:, who convinced officials to stop the highway's construction from occurring in the city. This resulted in the lack of a direct freeway connection between existing Interstate 74 and its proposed extension along 2150:, linking the far west suburbs. However, intense local opposition canceled the project in the 1990s. Later, the Prairie Parkway emerged from the failed Fox Valley Freeway efforts and was proposed to connect 1577:, crossing Biscayne Bay over the planned Beach Causeway. It would then cross the proposed Interama Expressway and I-95, and run along a path between NW 79th and 62nd Street. Upon crossing Okeechobee Road ( 2512:. After the moratorium, Routes 2 and 3 were left on their previous routings, with Route 2 becoming a surface road inbound of Alewife and Route 3 a surface road inside Route 128 (both roughly following the 5509: 303:

from a typical surface grade to a massive, elevated structure, rising 100 feet through the central city, with "helicoil" interchanges and a lengthy park under the structure. Led primarily by influential

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in 1946 when owners of the vacation cottages that would have been condemned along the lake's west shore objected. Construction of the highway was held up for two years while a new route was acquired and

459:. The section northwest from Mission to Market Street was reconstructed in 2004. The section north of Market Street to Golden Gate Avenue was demolished and not rebuilt. The remaining distance to the 594:

was demolished over the next decade: the top deck in 1996, and the lower deck in 2003. Two other short freeway segments were demolished in the same time period: the Terminal Separator Structure near

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The 1948 plan for Boston's inner suburbs included eight limited-access highways: the Central Artery and the East Boston, Western, Northern, Northeast, Northwest, Southeast, and Southwest Expressways.

2738:, to what would have been northbound I-275, was left behind, as was a ramp that ran parallel to the westbound I-96 ramp that would've carried northbound I-275 and connected with the ramp from M-102. 6423: 6170: 1258:. After these freeways were cancelled, the State of Connecticut used the funds allocated for their construction to rebuild and expand existing freeways in the Greater Hartford area. In 1992 the 1569:: The Hialeah Expressway would have been a third east–west route across Dade County, cutting through Hialeah, the second most populated city in Dade County. Its eastern terminus would have been 291:, regional planners had long planned a general belt loop and several freeways crossing the Salt River Valley through much of Phoenix, with the key feature to include a central-city portion of 2182:

as well as present-day I-155 and part of I-180. In the mid-1990s, the state revived the proposal, calling it the "Heart of Illinois Freeway." A few alternatives were selected, among them the

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Lakes in Orange that was completed in the 1980s but never put into service. The completed section in Orange was initially used as a commuter parking lot, but now serves as an access road to

1053:. As part of the legal settlement allowing for the freeway's construction, it was built so far below grade that two creeks crossing its alignment traverse the freeway by means of aqueducts. 160: 4462:

in Seattle was damaged by an earthquake in 2001, there was a significant political movement to not replace it, including large majorities voting against both replacement options, but the

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Interama Expressway: The Interama Expressway, also known as the Midbay Causeway was supposed to be a north–south expressway in eastern Dade County as an alternative route and reliever to

5200: 3896:) and continued south along present-day Riverside Drive. Activists led by Betsy Horowitz started campaigning against the planned expressway in 1968. Much of the opposition came from the 1585:, now the Homestead Extension of Florida's Turnpike, for a distance of 16 miles (26 km). Despite its cancellation, Northwest 74th Street was partially converted into an expressway. 1197:, an environmentalist, who promised to "drive a silver spike" through the project. Eventually, a compromise was reached, and the beltway was built, using three different designations: 4372:

Construction of I-66 inside the Washington Beltway was blocked by environmental litigation until a compromise was reached that limited it to a four-lane limited access highway that is

1109:. Ramps were constructed on I-805 at 43rd Street before the project was canceled in 1994 due to neighborhood opposition. The new freeway would have occupied a swath of land dividing 5050: 1266:

in Farmington, completing what would have been the southwest quadrant of the I-291 beltway; the northwest quadrant of the canceled beltway is partially served by the 4-lane arterial

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had dozens of roads planned by the New York State Department of Transportation, as well as Suffolk and Nassau Counties, although not all the roads were intended to be freeways (see

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canceled expressway plans in 1999 in lieu of widening the existing Route 7 to 4 lanes, citing a lack of funding and no feasible route that would avoid the environmentally sensitive

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which is the built southern bypass. The Bay Freeway eastern point was I-43 at Hampton Avenue. The freeway was to run over Hampton Avenue, westward to the intersection with the

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rail line along Fullerton Avenue before turning northward at Exit 182 to overtake Schoolcraft Avenue. I-96 continues westward as an extension of the Jeffries Freeway through

2251:, a segment of formerly tree-lined ground along Claiborne Avenue was destroyed to build the elevated highway; because Claiborne Avenue was the main thoroughfare in a poorer, 1290:

through Tolland and Windham counties. Environmental concerns in Connecticut and Rhode Island led to the cancellation of this extension, and I-84 was shifted to the existing

5080: 953:

through West Pasadena and South Pasadena. The ramps exist, and a stub is in place at California Boulevard. Still, much of the land taken for the freeway has been resold by

3990:, were far more controversial. Each proposed route cut through established city neighborhoods. An intense battle arose over the Mount Hood Freeway, a proposed routing of 4810: 1634:

Rock Island Expressway: This would have been a north-south expressway built on Rock Island Road having its southern terminus at the Turnpike near Northwest 44th Street in

627:

was unable to pay for its portion of the route. In 1949, the Richmond Boulevard Protective Association had protested the route and its planned destruction of their homes.

3671:. Also, the expressway was planned to cross the east side of Buffalo, in a portion to be called the Crosstown Expressway; it would have terminated at the Niagara section 1649:, locally known as Sheridan Street into an expressway. It would run from Old Dixie Highway in downtown Hollywood to the also canceled University-Deerfield Expressway in 493:, but the section from Third Street to the Bay Bridge approach was never built. The section between Sixth and Third Streets was removed after the Loma Prieta earthquake. 3630:

Buffalo-Niagara Falls was also not immune to freeway revolts. An extensive system of highways and parkways were planned to be built in the counties of Niagara and Erie.

2054:

to full Interstate standards, and two separate designations were proposed for this upgrade. First designated as Interstate 494 (before that designation was moved to the

2231:

removed the Illiana Expressway from the state's five-year transportation plan, effectively stripping funding for the Illinois portion of the highway. Indiana Governor

2158:

in the outer western and southwestern suburbs. Despite getting over $ 200 million in earmarked funds, intense local opposition canceled the project in the early 2010s.

4704: 4621:. The Park West Freeway was intended to run northwesterly along Fond du Lac Avenue, and then turn westward just north of North Avenue. A major intersection with the 2741:

The stubs, as well as previously unbuilt bridges and ramps, were opened in 1994 as a freeway extension was built up to 12 Mile Road. This extension was designated as

1788: 1270:

west of I-91 (Route 218 does not connect to I-84 or Route 9, leaving an approximately 7-mile gap in the northwest quadrant between I-84/Route 9 and Route 218). The

2933:, much of which was characterized as old and "run down" by the mid-20th century. After a long battle, the expressway was canceled in the 1970s by New York Governor 2432: 1025: 962: 949:

Opposition to the building of the 710 extensions through South Pasadena has, for some 30 years, resulted in the suspension of plans to build an extension from the

853:

region led to the project's abandonment. One segment, between Oxnard and the Point Mugu Naval Air Station, was built in the 1960s before the project was abandoned.

582:

Opposition to the Embarcadero Freeway continued, and in 1985, the Board of Supervisors voted to demolish it. It was closed after sustaining heavy damage in 1989's

5516: 2834: 1861:, and right-of-way acquisition would have been too expensive because of the neighborhoods it would have traversed. The full freeway interchange at US 19 Alt and 1414:, all of which have been thwarted by the efforts of conservationists who oppose the destruction of the Parkway's uniquely designed bridges and rustic character. 532: 429: 1540:

was built at LeJeune Rd and 21st Street and is used today between the two streets and the airport, as opposed as the originally planned expressway interchange.

4654: 4542:, several planned freeways were either never built, partially built, or partially built but subsequently demolished and replaced with an at-grade boulevard. 4447:, faced mounting protests beginning in 1969. The death of these two highways is generally considered to be the 1972 referendum that withdrew their funding. 48: 2322:. Additional roads that would have formed a more complete freeway network in the city were abandoned or redesigned, leaving some short sections (the former 1078:. The groups contend that the project threatens the fragile San Mateo Creek Watershed and would result in the loss of a significant portion of the popular 335:

and the downtown area. However, heavy opposition to the freeway caused for its cancellation in 1982, and the Tucson area has long been opposed to the rapid

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plan was cancelled due to widespread opposition from environmental groups, fiscal conservatives, and property rights activists. The 4,000-mile network of

2190:

The Raoul Wallenberg Expressway, previously called the Woodruff Expressway, was a controversial plan that would have linked downtown Rockford, Illinois to

1020:) and San Diego (I-405) freeways, which would have removed over 2000 residences in five cities and one unincorporated area, generated such opposition that 1028:(MTA) abandoned it within days of its unveiling in 2004. Caltrans and MTA have issued a new plan that would use MTA-owned utility right-of-way along the 4554:

to Bay View and southeastern Milwaukee and thence through the southeastern suburbs, with a proposed extension to run much further south, through central

1600:), paralleled US 1 from there to an intersection with proposed South Dixie Expressway (see below) and I-95, slicing through downtown Miami along the way. 5541: 4316:

area, which they feared would be jeopardized by the freeway plans, the routing for the Bandera Expressway (which was also sometimes referred to as the "

2170:

and Chicago with a direct multilane freeway. The Illinois interstate highway plan in the mid-1950s included a freeway from Peoria toward Chicago in the

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proposed three freeways that would bisect Cleveland’s eastern suburbs and parkland including Cleveland Heights, Shaker Heights and East Cleveland. The

830:) terminates roughly 1.5 miles (2.4 km) northeast of its intended terminus at the Hollywood Freeway (US 101), due to opposition from residents of 4594:, although a portion of the route south of the official southern terminus of Interstate 794 continues as 4-lane divided controlled-access freeway, as 6692: 2650:

With the cancellation of the Grand River freeway conversion, I-96 was rerouted west of its interchange with Grand River at Exit 185, paralleling the

1858: 1485:

Cypress Creek Expressway: The Cypress Creek Expressway would have been an east–west expressway run along the present day Cypress Creek Road, serving

6529: 6068: 5812: 3193: 3142: 1177:

Native American tribe joined in the protests. In 2013, a federal judge rejected a lawsuit, which was attempting to halt the project, filed against

4626:

removed and replaced by an at-grade boulevard – McKinley Boulevard. After several years, it has begun to be developed with the opening of the new

6097: 3835:

where Monticello Blvd and Taylor roads are. Local residents blocked all three highways. One of several key actions was the 1966 formation of the

4979: 1751:

Belcher Freeway: 10.6 miles (17.1 km). This freeway is a casualty of the high cost of acquiring the wide girth of land needed to build it.

619:, the Richmond Boulevard Freeway would have run along Valdez Street, Richmond Boulevard, Glen Echo Creek, and Moraga Avenue from 20th Street to 6392: 5555: 5309: 5208: 4519: 1795:

and connected the proposed east-west Gandy Freeway directly with the beaches. It was canceled by 1972, and never brought to public attention.

4463: 4192:

exist from the cancellation of the unbuilt Oakland Crosstown Freeway. Other canceled freeways include the South Hills Expressway, Pittsburgh–

4082:

project was shelved and replaced with the Salem Parkway, a highway along the same alignment but with at-grade intersections. In Eugene, the

2477:

and 95) around Boston was eliminated. A short section (which would have been the I-95 part of the Inner Belt) was built as a city street in

6272: 5058: 1173:

as a bypass, numerous environmental coalitions raised concerns about the impact of the bypass on the local wetlands and cultural sites. The

328: 6707: 6697: 4707:

was to be a freeway encircling the metro Milwaukee area on the south, west and north sides. No section of the Belt Freeway was ever built.

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it connects with the western disjointed section of McNab Road), until terminating at the proposed University-Deerfield Expressway (now the

6042: 1853:

which has since been built and the Lutz Freeway, now known as the East-West Road, which continues to create controversy in local politics.

1137:; Caltrans had already acquired rights of way for portions of the routes, which would cost $ 149 million to build (in 1973 dollars). 3352: 3304: 3240: 3234: 3200: 2544:

neighborhoods, creating one of the greatest eyesores in urban America during the 1950s. Because of this, it would earn its nickname "The

1705:, turning east and terminating at Flavor Pict Road west of Boynton Beach. The other expressway was to run east-west, connecting downtown 5178: 5028: 3364: 3300: 3276: 3258: 2429: 295:, running just south of McDowell Road. I-10 had been built westbound to a point southwest of downtown, where it curved and merged into 4725: 1911:

instead was widened, and an arterial bypass of downtown Clearwater was constructed. The freeway was dropped from records in May 1975.

1113:. Much of the land intended for freeway construction is still unoccupied. The interchange ramps from I-805 now end in a strip mall. 6198: 4034:. This light-rail network is steadily expanding, including sections along Interstate 205 in room that resulted from the controversy. 1438:, fearing the new crossing would cause irreparable damage to Bald Eagle nesting sites and increase truck traffic through both towns. 1295: 757: 54: 5118: 1505:

at the Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach border, and run along what is presently the eastern disjointed section of McNab Road. West of

1125:

submitted a request to the state legislature to remove several planned freeways from active planning. Among these were a section of

6567: 5148: 4157: 3316: 1546:: The Gratigny Parkway of today is much shorter than the original planned length. The original western end was supposed to be the 1473:'s expressways were canceled due to voters choosing to direct funding away from roads toward mass transit projects and the planned 1358: 1271: 1190:

Pecos Street, the Mountain Freeway which would have replaced all of Alameda, and The Quebec Freeway from I-70 all the way to I-25.

591: 544: 5088: 4518:

Bridge through Washington, D.C. and the Maryland and Virginia suburbs were canceled in 1977 due to public opposition. This is why

4339:, a short two mile spur. Various parts of the Beltline have been built piecemeal as both divided and undivided two lane freeways. 2129:, while the western branch would head towards the existing Route 120 in western Lake County. The extension was turned over to the 931:. One of the compromises allowing the freeway to be built caused the inclusion of a mass transit line in the median. This is the 440:. South of that section the freeway would have continued, replacing what is now Park Presidio Boulevard, and then tunneled under 6577: 6448: 6426:, by Marian J. Morton, Arcadia Publishing, 2002. (Describes the history of the Clark and Lee Freeway projects and their defeat.) 3856:, was built instead as a surface artery, albeit with limited intersections. There are prominent ramp stubs at the interchange of 2901:, were canceled because of public oppositions, including two that would have been built through Midtown and Lower Manhattan. The 2857: 2837:, was constructed starting in 2013, and opened in 2018. When completed, the new interchange made I-95 a continuous route between 2627:

from the Jeffries to the Northwest corner of the city, the already in progress conversion of Mound Road to the M-53 freeway from

2091: 6246: 5728: 5484: 4818: 3212: 1481:

in particular is anti-expressway, as many proposals for expressways in the city have been canceled due to community opposition.

4180:". As of 2008, the route is still under consideration by PennDOT, and appears in the Commonwealth 12-Year Transportation Plan. 4119:

and run up the western edge of Philadelphia, along with the Crosstown Expressway, which would have connected back to I-95 near

3975: 2605: 2299: 1638:. The north terminus was most likely either Wiles Road or the University-Deerfield Expressway (now the Sawgrass Expressway) in 1122: 1086:– the agency responsible for the project – stating that deficiencies in the project's environmental impact report violated the 764:. Caltrans acquired and cleared the land needed for the freeway in the city of Beverly Hills; the right-of-way later became a 710: 604: 2330:

was re-routed onto it), or rights of way that were built as city streets rather than freeways (Martin Luther King Boulevard).

2270:

of New Orleans. Local preservationists worked to build popular support to stop the proposed elevated expressway in the 1960s.

1596:). It would have run from an intersection at I-95 and the proposed Snake Creek Expressway (originally proposed to run across 1274:

eventually built its current headquarters on land originally acquired for I-291, where it was to intersect US-5 in Newington.

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Local groups protested the construction of these expressways through their neighborhoods. Completed expressways such as the

3090: 3028: 3016: 2401: 2095: 1918: 761: 4964: 4550:

was designed to be the eastern leg of an inner loop around downtown Milwaukee, to extend along the lakefront south from the

3667:

was originally to extend all the way to Lockport, New York and eventually to Rochester, New York; instead, it terminates at

1921:: This was a system of expressways proposed to span the entire Tampa Bay area, but most of it was eventually canceled. The 5949: 5256: 4760: 2220: 1702: 1087: 831: 748:

along the alignment of Melrose Avenue and Santa Monica Boulevard. It went through several proposed iterations—including a

317: 236: 2673:

The cancellation also scrubbed plans to connect the Mound Road freeway which had already cleared the land to the existing

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Expressway (originally envisioned to be a segment of the then-proposed Interstate 89 through western New England) between

6687: 6536: 4892: 4420: 4144:(an upgrade of Roosevelt Boulevard from Old York Road to Adams Avenue) and the Northeast Expressway (a new alignment for 4141: 3803: 3602: 2687: 1721:. There were two proposed corridors: the first (and most desired by county commissioners) ran between Belvedere Road and 6517: 5230: 4526:

rather than continuing through the city. Funds for several of these projects were redirected to the construction of the

4466:

voted to allocate funding to build a tunnel to replace the viaduct. A large number of citizens, including Seattle mayor

1050: 5283: 4936: 4137: 3864: 2583:

and points north of there. The highway was to have a 60-foot (18 m) median. There was also plans of a spur off to

1814:

led to this freeway's cancellation in 1979. Remains of this freeway can be seen in the Gandy Boulevard interchange at

560: 5967: 575:

led to its cancellation, and in 1966 the Board of Supervisors rejected an extension of the Embarcadero Freeway to the

405:

to the Western Freeway near 7th Avenue. Most of the right of way for this freeway was cleared but it was never built.

5968:"NASSAU POSTPONES ACTION ON HIGHWAY; Work on Freeport-Roslyn Link Put Off for Year -- Protests Against Project Mount" 4793: 4735: 3150: 1838: 1798:

Gandy Freeway: 12.6 miles (20.3 km). The Gandy Freeway would have connected with the proposed connection to the

1063: 745: 706: 413: 394: 204: 186: 119: 97: 62: 4259:

was originally planned to begin in downtown Houston and traverse the city's predominantly Hispanic east side as the

3892:

along Riverside Drive and a former railroad right-of-way. The route would have started at the Inner Dispersal Loop (

90: 6509: 5702: 4523: 4515: 4499: 2224: 1083: 4177: 5779: 4950: 4631: 4590:, the only portion of this system that is completed to Interstate standards is a 2-mile (3.2 km) portion of 2718:

at the northern end. I-275 was slightly realigned when it was determined that it would be more feasible to align

2557: 2099: 1660:

South Dixie Expressway/I-95 Extension: This would have extended I-95 south of its terminus at US 1 near downtown

1532:. The second option was to build a spur route from the Dolphin Expressway that would connect to the entrance of 1459: 1074:

and others, along with the California State Parks Foundation, banded together to stop a planned extension to the

17: 5646: 2761:

right at Northwestern's current terminus, has effectively ended any chance of such a freeway being constructed.

2318:), which was canceled as well. A small portion of the Windlass Freeway was constructed, and it is now signed as 382:

A portion of the Mission Freeway was built and still exists as the near-freeway portion of San Jose Avenue from

6621: 6613: 6609: 6605: 6601: 6597: 5573: 4661:. From there it would jog northwesterly until heading north, parallelling 60th Street and continuing north to 2474: 2470: 2439:

route over Washington Street in the Roxbury neighborhood. I-95 was rerouted to follow Route 128 around Boston.

2421: 2175: 2062: 2055: 1915:

need a reliever freeway route by 1990. The Sunset Point freeway never made it to the design or planning stage.

1410:

Since its opening in 1940, the Connecticut Department of Transportation has floated various plans to widen the

1348: 780: 714: 520: 6318: 5852: 1895:

corridor, the road was to relieve traffic from somewhere in southern Hillsborough County north to the current

1810:. The low likelihood of the Hillsborough County portion being constructed, and of increasing urbanization of 623:. It was approved by Oakland voters in a 1945 bond issue, but was canceled August 16, 1956, when the city of 239:, there was a major drive to build a freeway network in the United States, including (but not limited to) the 156: 6098:"Corridor Report for Interstate and Alternate Routes in the Cuyahoga County Freeway System (Report Number 1)" 4395:

through successful environmental litigation. As a result, the 95 Express Lanes end at the Alexandria border.

4116: 4112: 3836: 3264: 2818: 2485: 2443: 2376: 2252: 2014:

and the Northern Arc, which would have surrounded Atlanta about 20 miles (32 km) outside of the present

4215:

victory by opponents, forced abandonment. The eastern portion of the road had already been built inside the

3481:

in Eastchester through a park was put on indefinite hold after outcry from local residents in 1978 and 1979.

4574:, where a portion of the proposed freeway was constructed, and is today the Interstate-standard section of 4522:(the originally planned I-95 Center Leg Freeway) ends at New York Avenue and Interstate 95 goes around the 4037:

Soon after, the Interstate 505 proposal was also canceled; a shorter freeway "stub" was built instead, and

3117:. However, this extension was canceled and today the Sheridan Expressway runs a very short route from the 2074: 1842: 1223: 1166: 841:) would have upgraded the existing Pacific Coast Highway to freeway standards. Opposition by residents of 486: 5389: 378:

in 1961. The 1955 San Francisco Trafficways Plan included the following routes that were never completed:

6682: 5881:(Report). Washington, DC: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. p. 561 4918: 4685: 4638: 4622: 4451: 4212: 3555: 3551: 3377: 3294: 3137:

due to community and environmentalist pressures because it would have cut-through and thus destroyed the

3130: 2798: 2731: 2417: 2065:

was a proposed highway in the 1970s that would have run westward from near the present confluence of the

1628: 1533: 1106: 1042: 1009: 950: 943: 916: 873: 737: 702: 698: 600: 548: 516: 490: 479: 409: 402: 383: 370:

along the downtown waterfront also helped to organize the opposition, articulated by architecture critic

6540: 6370: 4841: 3042:

Other expressway cancellations included the Queens-Interboro Expressway, which would have connected the

386:

to Randall Street. Northeast of that section, it would have run parallel to Mission Street to meet the

4673:, along with an overbuilt interchange south of Port Washington converted to a surface road interchange. 4662: 4479: 4412: 4388: 4216: 4204: 4083: 4059: 3775: 3640: 3634: 3559: 3397: 3246: 3177: 3154: 3012: 2930: 2902: 2778: 2774: 2667: 1529: 1243: 1198: 1146: 1134: 1130: 1098: 1075: 932: 808: 682: 660: 471: 6105: 5993: 5010:"I-75 Extension Should Kill Toll Road – Cramer". Daytona Beach Morning Journal. August 16, 1968: 16 4986: 4495: 4436: 4424: 4120: 3768: 3728: 3695: 3672: 3618: 3526: 3489: 3358: 3252: 2965: 2699: 2580: 2493: 2478: 2405: 2342: 2338: 2327: 2323: 2319: 2311: 2287: 2279: 2171: 2151: 2139: 2126: 2087: 1922: 1849:) opposed the road going through their towns. Eventually, the project was broken into two sections, 1799: 1774:

Clearwater North Freeway: 4 miles (6.4 km). This proposed freeway would have connected downtown

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westward to an expressway, and was to have provided an important link for east-west traffic through

4380: 3764: 3702: 3668: 3654: 3572: 3530: 3504: 3478: 3467: 3462: 3451: 3446: 3441: 3407: 3403: 3340: 3322: 3288: 3228: 3146: 3059: 3024: 2949: 2877: 2853: 2822: 2735: 2509: 2463: 2315: 2155: 2015: 1988: 1980: 1972: 1968: 1933: 1900: 1892: 1881: 1831: 1819: 1815: 1803: 1620: 1578: 1283: 1154: 1110: 846: 838: 827: 788: 729: 433: 259:

of Massachusetts ordered a halt to planning and construction of all planned expressways inside the

168: 164: 148: 84: 5367: 876:). Opposition by Redondo Beach and Torrance led to its truncation to its current terminus at the 6144: 4677: 4595: 4404: 4260: 4256: 4091: 4079: 4038: 3991: 3983: 3964: 3942: 3919: 3797: 3774:

Tuscarora Expressway An outer Beltway for the City of Niagara Falls from Tonawanda Expressway to

3739: 3732: 3706: 3688: 3682: 3593: 3587: 3579: 3472: 3436: 3425: 3206: 3138: 3055: 3036: 2991:

Expressways in the boroughs outside Manhattan had been planned but later canceled, including the

2957: 2938: 2869: 2753: 2678: 2674: 2632: 2501: 2036: 1950: 1872: 1757: 1752: 1593: 1443: 1395: 1394:. Construction began on the Route 25 freeway in 1968, and the existing portion between I-95 and 1383: 1367: 1267: 1255: 816: 812: 656: 362: 3149:

which would have shared an interchange with the Richmond Parkway was also left unbuilt south of

6497: 4483: 4292: 4288: 4276: 4272: 4268: 4165: 4153: 3953: 3678: 3516: 3334: 3282: 3222: 3218: 3169: 3122: 2981: 2937:

due to prospects of increased pollution and negative effects on such cultural neighborhoods as

2865: 2770: 2742: 2723: 2636: 2525: 2521: 2459: 2447: 2383: 2364: 2248: 1960: 1929: 1862: 1850: 1827: 1811: 1807: 1792: 1722: 1698: 1654: 1646: 1639: 1597: 1551: 1514: 1375: 1079: 850: 583: 101: 4486:) was reawakened in 1997 when a new corridor was chosen, and is currently under construction. 2880:

was also delayed until the early 1980s due to litigation opposing its route through the park.

2504:

through Arlington to Alewife. A second stretch of new highway would run from Alewife through

2333:

The Washington Outer Beltway was also met with decades of opposition in Maryland's suburbs of

1955:

Local opposition was responsible for the death knell of a number of freeway projects in Metro

1181:. The bypass was completed toward the end of 2016 and opened for traffic on November 3, 2016. 6667: 6149:"Feature Stories: When Bad Ideas Happen to Good Suburbs: The Clark, Lee and Heights Freeways" 6093: 4783: 4670: 4471: 4428: 4172: 4161: 3853: 3831: 3827: 3610: 3547: 3485: 3346: 3162: 3043: 2977: 2961: 2921:

at Canal Street. The Expressway would have been built directly through such neighborhoods as

2830: 2814: 2611: 2588: 2584: 2561: 2425: 2110: 1983:. The highways would have intersected in a large stack interchange complex roughly where the 1907: 1764: 1726: 1665: 1604: 1510: 1399: 1259: 1222:

In 1973 environmentalists filed lawsuits that effectively killed construction of the planned

896: 741: 725: 709:. It was scrapped in the face of community opposition from these districts and its namesake 694: 686: 678: 332: 276: 6291:"Seattle voters scrap proposed Bay Freeway and R. H. Thomson Expressway on February 8, 1972" 5556:"The Final Nail? Indiana Gov Says Illiana Expressway Boondoggle "On Hold" – Streetsblog USA" 5459: 5434: 5370:(Report). Washington, DC: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 1090:. The groups were joined in the lawsuit by the California State Attorney General's Office. 255:

movement. Responding to massive anti-highway protests in Boston, in February 1970 Governor

6702: 4697: 4605:

The northern end of the Lake Freeway turned westward, and this section became known as the

4392: 4313: 4308: 4232: 4220: 4124: 3857: 3849: 3598: 3583: 3419: 3413: 3082: 2985: 2942: 2873: 2872:

from an Interstate highway to a PA State highway route. The completion of I-78 through the

2810: 2628: 2303: 2143: 1731: 1718: 1582: 1427: 1423: 1391: 1387: 1379: 1344: 1340: 1299: 1291: 1263: 1071: 865: 765: 718: 636: 624: 331:

was to follow current Kino Parkway from I-10 to Broadway Boulevard, connecting I-10 to the

247:

routes. The freeway revolts continued into the 1970s, further enhanced by concern over the

2235:

followed suit in suspending Indiana's portion of the Illiana Expressway in February 2015.

1049:

was not completed until the early 1980s, largely due to opposition by the wealthy city of

8: 6347: 5878: 5569: 4689: 4459: 4087: 4007: 3897: 3872: 3564: 3537: 3430: 3381: 3328: 3188:

New York City was not the only part of New York to face an onslaught of freeway revolts.

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and PennDOT, under opposition from local residents, decided to reroute I-78 south of the

2802: 2715: 2610:

In the 1970s, after significant protest about the Chrysler Freeway (I-75) destroying the

2306:

after rising to prominence with freeway revolts. In particular, I-70 was stopped through

2122: 2070: 1903:'s presence served as a reliever in U.S. Route 41's place, canceling the parkway by 1987. 1876: 1775: 1710: 1686: 1675: 1608: 1555: 1509:, the road would have dipped south and run along present-day Cypress Creek Road (west of 1403: 1353: 1332: 1170: 935:, which opened on August 12, 1995. The Glenn Anderson Freeway opened on October 15, 1993. 928: 904: 881: 616: 552: 501: 497: 475: 467: 460: 367: 272: 248: 6436: 5310:"End of the road for Prairie Parkway, once a planned link between Interstates 88 and 80" 3279:(completed, but intended to be upgraded to a limited-access highway for its full length) 2010:

Additional local protests and legislative action ended planning and construction of the

986:

Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

5806: 4587: 4583: 4559: 4317: 3987: 3915: 3658: 3646: 3385: 3310: 3074:(plans also included building a bridge at 125th Street to New Jersey over the Hudson). 2934: 2651: 2624: 2576: 2397: 2346: 2208: 2147: 2118: 2082: 2077:. From there, the freeway would have run northward along and parallel to Cicero to the 2040: 2032: 1928:

Ulmerton Expressway: 8 miles (13 km). The Ulmerton Expressway would have upgraded

1781: 1589: 1566: 1520: 1193:

A planned Interstate 470 beltway around Denver met opposition, including from Governor

1005: 939: 908: 869: 842: 576: 505: 437: 256: 6633: 6617: 6593: 6032:

Proposed Park and Ride Center; Lake Ronkonkoma (Suffolk County Department of Planning)

5826: 5753: 4669:. The only section built was that between National Avenue and Lisbon Avenue, today's 4609:. This was the northern leg of the inner loop. The eastern section was known as the 412:

along the line of Junipero Serra Boulevard, then tunnelling to 7th Avenue to meet the

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River Road Expressway Buffalo Beltway in Niagara Falls to South Grand Island Bridges.

3721: 3067: 2953: 2922: 2703: 2659: 2655: 2436: 2263: 2216: 2212: 2166:

The Peoria to Chicago Highway was a proposal that would have connected the cities of

2106: 1866: 1682: 1537: 1506: 1474: 1206: 1029: 920: 792: 733: 639:, the Ashby Freeway would have run approximately along the line of Ashby Avenue from 540: 309: 6407: 2003:. The center portion of what would have become I-420 was constructed, and exists as 1891:

South Hillsborough Parkway: Planned as early as 1972 to anticipate growth along the

1763:

Brandon Bypass: This expressway would have served as an alternative bypass route to

1402:

opened in 1975. Opposition from environmental groups and residents in the towns of

752:

tunnel—before its mid-1970s abandonment in the face of opposition from residents of

397:

would have run parallel to Bosworth Street and O'Shaughnessy Boulevard (and through

6521: 6148: 6129: 4579: 4575: 4527: 4055: 4051: 4018: 3925: 3717: 3653:, which was never built except for the LaSalle and the short Milestrip Expressway ( 3606: 3158: 3134: 2918: 2794: 2711: 2615: 2497: 2334: 2295: 2183: 2167: 2130: 2078: 2051: 2004: 1996: 1768: 1714: 1635: 1543: 1498: 1494: 1478: 1431: 1307: 1046: 1038: 823: 776: 572: 452: 441: 417: 398: 305: 288: 252: 6127:

O'Malley, Michael (September 25, 2006). "Women saved Shaker Lakes from freeways".

3019:. Also, the Cross Brooklyn Expressway, a faster commercial route paralleling the 2643:

and the Jeffries Freeway on its west to the Mound freeway conversion on its east.

6586: 6203: 5921: 5856: 5314: 4842:"The Expanding City – 1960s to 1980s | City of Emeryville, CA - Official Website" 4361: 4263:, but was never built due to neighborhood opposition and environmental concerns. 4011: 3710: 3650: 3568: 2517: 2187:

advocating it; and that they only studied the issue because Peoria asked for it.

2011: 1823:

now unencumbered by signals from just east of I-275 all the way to the dog track.

1706: 1559: 1490: 1426:

was a proposed east-west freeway originally envisioned to connect New Haven with

1411: 892: 885: 587: 564: 448: 422: 387: 324: 229: 217: 6484: 5953: 5600: 5464:(Map) (1983–1984 ed.). . Springfield: Illinois Department of Transportation 5260: 4014:

with an uncompleted interchange—was built; but the remainder was controversial.

2310:, and terminates at the Baltimore City line at a Park and Ride, just inside the 6572: 5668: 4591: 4511: 4444: 4336: 4128: 4075: 3995: 3810: 3664: 3541: 3522: 3512: 3173: 3094: 3086: 3032: 2969: 2910: 2842: 2806: 2537: 2370: 2267: 2114: 2066: 1937: 1885: 1744: 1315: 1247: 1235: 1231: 1150: 1013: 877: 804: 300: 264: 225: 4030:

line, built in the 1980s to connect Portland with Gresham and now part of the

3860:

and Beekman Street that would have connected I-74 to the Colerain Expressway.

1314:

in 1983. The already-completed portions of this extension was redesignated as

1165:

Throughout the four-year duration of a $ 300M construction project to reroute

1062:

In Southern California, a number of environmental organizations including the

6676: 6582: 6472: 5791: 5689: 5570:"The Second Battle of New Orleans: Vieux Carré Riverfront Expressway (I-310)" 5234: 4745: 4680:. This was to be the northern bypass around the central city, complementing 4666: 4646: 4618: 4507: 4408: 4304: 4300: 4296: 4236: 4071: 4031: 4022: 3999: 3750: 3743: 3614: 3508: 3270: 3126: 2996: 2906: 2894: 2861: 2849: 2826: 2782: 2719: 2707: 2663: 2640: 2620: 2549: 2513: 2505: 2389: 2283: 2244: 2195: 2191: 2044: 1992: 1984: 1846: 1616: 1486: 1470: 1435: 1362: 1239: 1227: 749: 690: 640: 563:

voted to cancel seven of ten planned freeways, including an extension of the

527:

The 1960 Trafficways Plan deleted several of these routes but added another:

353: 296: 292: 268: 221: 6655: 6502: 6478: 6460: 5337: 2294:

city limits because of freeway revolts led by activist and later politician

1689:

to be called University Parkway would have snaked around western suburbs of

271:

between East Somerville and the Charles River. However, some proposals for

6286: 6043:"Unknown Stories of Western New York : The Buffalo Beltway | wgrz.com" 4811:"Farewell to freeway: Decades of revolt force Fell Street off-ramp to fall" 4658: 4649:

near Loomis Road. From that point it would extend northward, intersecting

4641:

was partially completed. The original plan was for its south end to be at

4627: 4606: 4599: 4551: 4547: 4432: 4356: 4208: 4047: 3929: 3093:, but was canceled. The proposed segment near JFK Airport was built as the 3071: 3020: 2988:

from an Interstate highway, down to a New Jersey state route in the 1980s.

2898: 2746: 2572: 2489: 2455: 2451: 2228: 2000: 1896: 1694: 1624: 1525: 1336: 1303: 1287: 1194: 336: 4866: 4267:

are still visible today at the west end of the freeway's planned route at

1450:

in the location of the current freeway stub once its removal is complete.

1282:

Interstate 84 was originally planned to continue on an easterly course to

6371:"D.C. Freeway Revolt and the Coming of Metro Part 3 The Citizens' Revolt" 6295: 6175: 6171:"Throwback Tulsa: Riverside Drive's long, winding history of controversy" 5876: 5621: 4467: 4264: 4244: 3754: 3189: 3110: 2553: 2548:

Green Monster", both a play on its greenish color and on the name of the

2496:. The new highway from Route 128 would have connected with the existing 2307: 2094:, connecting the Loop with Midway Airport, and an extension to the CTA's 1991:

would have skirted the city limits of Atlanta to the south, running from

1976: 1650: 1574: 1067: 957:

to private parties. In 2006, the idea of completing the freeway using a

596: 371: 6290: 4188:

A freeway revolt also occurred in Pittsburgh, where stub ramps near the

1899:. However, the local swampy landscape didn't allow for much growth and 1791:: 3.6 miles (5.8 km). This freeway would have run from 137th St to 1778:

with US 19 and points north, and it never made it to design or planning.

961:

was first proposed. This idea is currently under a funded study by the

5778:

Times, Reginald A. Stuart; Special to The New York (January 27, 1977).

5586: 4240: 4223:

while the northern portion of the I-240 loop was redesignated as I-40.

4193: 4027: 4003: 3172:, which is largely credited for the destruction and dereliction of the 3161:, which contained a long stretch of the parkway's right-of-way, to the 2758: 2337:

Though it met with fierce opposition for 50 years, the section between

2232: 2125:, where it would split two ways. The eastern branch would head towards 1690: 1612: 1570: 1347:

in 1972. State and federal highway officials subsequently prepared an

799:), was truncated as a result of opposition to its construction through 313: 6524:

commission who was instrumental in cancelling the Mount Hood Freeway).

5542:"State, federal officials to appeal Illiana Expressway federal ruling" 4094:

was severely curtailed; only the northwestern segment of the proposed

2752:

In addition to the resistance against I-275, a planned extension from

6408:"Stop the Road: Freeway Revolts in American Cities", Raymond A. Mohl 6226:"PA 23: The Goat Path (The Proposed Lancaster-Norristown Expressway)" 5935: 5900: 5853:"N.J., Pennsylvania officials plan to close longtime gap on Route 95" 5457: 5432: 4563: 4539: 4145: 3511:)-An expressway following Henry Johnson Boulevard and Lark Street to 3098: 2291: 1845:

was proposed, but by the 1980s many of these communities (especially

1447: 4470:, vowed to stop this tunnel, but were unsuccessful. The replacement 3567:-An expressway from the Mid-Crosstown Arterial to Interstate 787 in 2813:, would have cut through some wealthy established properties around 1971:

in downtown Atlanta, and the intown portion of what would have been

1645:

Sheridan Expressway: The Sheridan Expressway was planned to upgrade

6225: 4831:"Plans for Freeway to be Dropped," Oakland Tribune, August 17, 1956 4693: 4364: 3047: 3000: 1668:, using an upgraded US 1 route. The southernmost ten miles of the 1603:

LeJeune-Douglas Expressway: The expressway was to run from US 1 in

1178: 1021: 954: 167:

external links, and converting useful links where appropriate into

3888:

In the 1960s, the Riverside Expressway was planned to be built in

2488:

would have connected the Inner Belt in Cambridge with the current

2219:. Due to opposition from environmental and community groups; and 263:

loop highway, with the exception of the remaining segments of the

5365: 4247:

had they given final approval to move forward with construction.

4095: 2690:. All the saved neighborhoods suffered urban blight regardless. 2565: 2516:

into downtown Boston). In place of the highway project, the MBTA

2450:

was largely eliminated. The southernmost part that includes the

2412:. As a result, several freeways were canceled in 1971 and 1972: 2326:, which was left unconnected to any other Interstate highway, so 1964: 1956: 1528:

into an 8-lane expressway between the Dolphin Expressway and the

1407:

change the existing 2-lane profile of Route 25 through its town.

895:(I-105), itself the subject of an unsuccessful freeway revolt in 366:

published a map of proposed routes. Construction of the elevated

357: 275:

have been debated and finalized as a compromise to build them as

6583:

The History of San Francisco Bay Area Freeway Development Part 1

6530:"Interstate 50th Anniversary: The story of Oregon's Interstates" 6143: 5081:"Concerns Aired Over Road Plan Westgate Seeks Delay On Decision" 3649:

This expressway was to be the beginning of the proposed Buffalo

2571:

There was also a plan in Western Massachusetts of an upgrade of

5111:"Authority Returns To Controversial Route For Expressway Plans" 4571: 4149: 3078: 3063: 3051: 3004: 2726:

as originally planned, and part of I-275 would now carry I-96.

2722:

along Schoolcraft Avenue instead of the more heavily developed

2541: 2454:, from northern Revere, southward, which was already built, is 2409: 1826:

Hillsborough Bay Causeway: The freeway would have started near

1149:

in San Luis Obispo with an interchange at Marsh Street exit to

958: 536: 512: 456: 4279:

elevated downtown, prior to reconstruction in the late 1990s.

2769:

There were once plans for a northern bypass route of downtown

803:. The only portions completed to freeway level are the short 416:. It would have then continued north to the southern edge of 6573:

The Great Freeway Revolt, from the San Francisco Bay Guardian

5352: 4681: 4642: 3893: 3889: 3180:, stirred resentment and opposition to further construction. 2838: 2591:. Local opposition led to the demise of the Route 7 Freeway. 2360:

Over time, several of the planned highways were constructed:

2227:

in August 2015. Meanwhile, in January 2015 Illinois Governor

1661: 1619:

as a reliever to traffic between the Palmetto Expressway and

1202: 980:

Parts of this article (those related to sentence) need to be

3113:

to the Westchester County Line where it would meet with the

2500:

near the Lexington-Arlington border, which would carry both

586:

and torn down shortly thereafter. The entire portion of the

6101: 5439:(Map). . Springfield: Illinois Department of Transportation 4650: 3763:

Tonawanda Expressway (Today's Twin Cities Memorial Highway

2926: 1743:

In the 1970s, there were plans for several freeways in the

1319: 1174: 478:

was never built. The entire freeway was removed after the

6645: 5877:

Special Committee on U.S. Route Numbering (June 9, 1986).

4379:

Construction of a third reversible lane to be operated as

4243:

and other high-level state officials were threatened with

3153:. Also in Staten Island, the construction of much of the 2560:, and the elevated highway was demolished and replaced by 2556:. Starting in 1991, the Central Artery was rerouted into 1802:

in Tampa, and provided a route due west to the beaches in

1374:

Similarly, CONNDOT planned to construct a new freeway for

6650: 5415: 4951:"Lawsuit seeking to stop Willits bypass project rejected" 4373: 3536:

Southern Albany Expressway-A free connection between the

1502: 1153:. This proposed section was post to be the new route for 1082:

Park. In 2006, the coalition filed a lawsuit against the

884:; the California legislature subsequently renamed it the 5726: 4383:

for a half day in the direction of rush hour traffic on

2458:. The scrapped northern section would have bisected the 1841:: In the 1970s, an expressway crossing through northern 1558:

because of new plans to extend I-75 south to Miami from

1335:, convinced a federal judge to halt construction of the 1026:

Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority

963:

Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority

5171:"Highway Review Urged Engineer Revives Expressway Plan" 4727:

The Limitless City: A Primer on the Urban Sprawl Debate

4287:

Around 1964, a freeway was proposed for the section of

3691:(Kensington Expressway) extension to the Outer Beltway. 3289:

Nesconset-Port Jefferson Highway-North Shore Expressway

2677:, Van Dyke Expressway, although further development of 1581:), it would parallel NW 74th Street until reaching the 1262:

Expressway was extended north from I-91 in Cromwell to

5510:"Rockford Area Transportation Study Resolution 2006-3" 4730:. Alex S. MacLean (aerial photographs). Island Press. 4657:

and proceeding northward to its intersection with the

4058:—was closed in May 1974, demolished and replaced with 2564:

and new buildings, in a massive project known as the "

1979:, while the southern portion of the highway exists as 1906:

State Road 60 Freeway Upgrade: 6 miles (9.7 km).

470:

was built from the Bay Bridge approach to Broadway as

6199:"Feb. 4, 1974: Portland kills the Mount Hood Freeway" 6092: 3994:

and Interstate 84 (then 80N) that stretched from the

911:

that lasted nearly two decades, was truncated at the

5396:. Central Illinois Business Publishers. January 1999 4893:"Freeway solution slipped through capital's fingers" 2117:. The extension would have met a planned bypass for 1501:. The Cypress Creek Expressway would have begun at 1032:

and require the taking of fewer than ten residences.

5780:"Michigan Drops $ 69‐Million Road (Published 1977)" 5366:U.S. Route Numbering Subcommittee (June 25, 1974). 4761:"Freeways Never Built, or Unbuilt after 1989 quake" 4617:, with the dividing point at the intersection with 4160:was planned to connect the Philadelphia suburbs of 2639:on both ends which was to be a connector with both 2528:. (A 1948 plan used a different path for Route 3.) 2345:, known as the Intercounty Connector and signed as 1925:

is the successor of the South Crosstown Expressway.

1004:A proposed rehabilitation and widening of the aged 6169:Jackson, Debbie; Pittman, Hilary (July 16, 2015). 5051:"Task Force Divided By Inter-county Road Proposal" 4965:"Willits Hwy. 101 bypass finally opens to traffic" 4219:loop and this non-interstate highway is now named 3477:A major 4-lane straightening and expansion of the 2073:on Chicago's south side toward Cicero Avenue near 1234:expressway through the downtown, and the proposed 567:. In 1964, protests against a freeway through the 6247:"PA 23 EIS – About the Project – Project History" 6069:"Swillburg to celebrate highway project's defeat" 5950:"Shore Front Drive: STOPPING MOSES IN HIS TRACKS" 3767:) Creating a freeway instead of an arterial from 3141:which is one of the largest natural areas in the 2211:was a proposed toll road as a southern bypass of 1975:. The northern part of that freeway was built as 860:) would have linked the Pacific Coast Freeway in 599:and the Embarcadero Freeway, and the stub end of 523:was never built because the bridge was not built. 451:was built and the original section west from the 151:may not follow Knowledge's policies or guidelines 6674: 6668:Baltimore City Interstates @ Roads to the Future 6424:Cleveland Heights: The Making of an Urban Suburb 6273:"Campaign to impeach Gov. Perry launched online" 5729:"Motor City Landmark: Detroit's Davison Freeway" 4985:. E-470 Public Highway Authority. Archived from 4700:. No section of the Bay Freeway was ever built. 3924:Shortly after World War II, the city leaders of 3194:List of Suffolk County (New York) Road proposals 2290:are not directly connected to each other inside 3578:South Mall Expressway-A highway from Albany to 3544:running parallel to the New York State Thruway. 3157:was stopped for good when the city handed over 1830:, heading southeast, crossing Tampa Bay to the 220:have occurred in cities and regions across the 6168: 5485:"Chuck Sweeny: Keep Whitman Street plan alive" 5458:Illinois Department of Transportation (1983). 5433:Illinois Department of Transportation (1979). 3681:(Southshore Expressway) expressway section to 3605:)-A highway through Northern New England from 3601:Extension or Interstate 92 (also known as the 3550:Extension-The parkway would've continued into 1331:Local opposition, particularly in the town of 408:The Western Freeway would have run north from 6285: 5994:"LibGuides: Freeport History Encyclopedia: F" 5727:americascanceledhighways (January 26, 2019). 4785:San Francisco's Glen Park and Diamond Heights 4464:Washington State Department of Transportation 4450:In the 1960s, the state legislature proposed 4360:Existing I-95/395 two-lane barrier-separated 4196:Expressway, and the East Liberty Expressway. 2952:was planned to run directly through the busy 2047:runs along the expressway the entire length. 500:along the northern edge of the city from the 6126: 6018:"County Abandons All Plans for Expressway". 5811:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 5703:"Motor City may start to turn from freeways" 5350: 5335: 5284:"Fox Valley Freeway May Be Relief, Not Cure" 4482:. The North-South Freeway (now known as the 3675:near the northern sections of South Buffalo. 2909:from its current terminus at the end of the 2026: 1869:is all that remains of this Belt Expressway. 1627:-Douglas Road corridor, passing directly by 787:counties between the Pacific Coast Highway ( 779:Freeway and intended to run across southern 539:south of the city limits on landfill around 251:and rising fuel costs, as well as a growing 6656:Unbuilt Roads in Connecticut @ NYCROADS.com 6348:"Original freeway plans for Washington, DC" 5850: 5416:"IDOT can't justify direct road to Chicago" 4582:in Chicago, along with the never-completed 4342: 3488:was rerouted further away from what is now 2404:, a review of all freeway plans within the 63:Learn how and when to remove these messages 6461:Unbuilt Roads of New Jersey @ NYCROADS.com 5936:"Dr. Martin L King Jr Expressway (NY 440)" 5690:http://www.bostonroads.com/roads/northern/ 5688:Northern Expressway, I-93 BostonRoads.com 5368:"U.S. Route Numbering Subcommittee Agenda" 3928:commissioned famed transportation planner 3813:Genesee Expressway into Downtown Rochester 3402:Central Corridor Expressway (included the 3058:, which would have run in the vicinity of 2035:was meant to be a lakeshore expressway in 1550:. The eastern terminus was supposed to be 919:) instead of its intended terminus at the 685:) would have been aligned through western 6527: 5827:"Michigan Highways: Route Listings: M-10" 5754:"Michigan Highways: Route Listings: M-53" 4890: 4070:Other Oregon freeway revolts occurred in 2174:corridor, but it was not approved by the 1670:Homestead Extension of Florida's Turnpike 1548:Homestead Extension of Florida's Turnpike 663:freeway terminates two miles east of the 205:Learn how and when to remove this message 187:Learn how and when to remove this message 120:Learn how and when to remove this message 6693:Demolished highways in the United States 6319:"Some freeway plans never went anywhere" 6102:Howard, Needles, Tammen & Bergendoff 5201:"Authority Offers To Drop Tollway Plans" 4355: 4054:), which was, at the time, the route of 3982:However, two other planned freeways—the 3625: 3317:Port Jefferson-Westhampton Beach Highway 2207:In the northwest corner of Indiana, the 2109:freeway was planned to be extended into 1987:exists today, east of downtown Atlanta. 1672:was part of the proposed I-95 extension. 1272:Connecticut Department of Transportation 717:was finished, later being designated as 474:. The section north of Broadway to the 83:This article includes a list of general 6568:The Freeway Revolt, from bikesummer.org 6391:was invoked but never defined (see the 6342: 6340: 6316: 5851:Frassinelli, Mike (September 7, 2010). 5669:"Map of the Master Highway Plan (1948)" 4723: 4692:. From there it continued westward to 4211:but public opposition, combined with a 4021:representing the anti-freeway side and 2508:to a connection with the Inner Belt in 1681:There were two expressways proposed in 1145:Cuesta Freeway was intended to connect 14: 6675: 5472:– via Illinois Digital Archives. 5447:– via Illinois Digital Archives. 5390:"An Interview with Gerald S. Flaherty" 4271:, while they were once visible on the 4065: 3089:. It was slated to continue south to 2606:Transportation in metropolitan Detroit 1959:, including the intown portion of the 1760:was upgraded to a freeway in the area. 1298:; this number has since reappeared on 1277: 1123:Sacramento County Board of Supervisors 489:was built and still exists as part of 312:(grandfather of future Vice President 6275:. Houston Chronicle. August 18, 2007. 5777: 5353:"Re: GAO says IL I-180 "Unjustified"" 5141:"Authority Drops Expressway Proposal" 5021:"University Parkway Takes A Drubbing" 4937:"Willits Bypass: protests and update" 4808: 4781: 4630:arena and several facilities for the 3145:. For many of the same reasons, the 3091:John F. Kennedy International Airport 3085:abruptly ends in the neighborhood of 3029:John F. Kennedy International Airport 3017:John F. Kennedy International Airport 2777:. Grading for I-335's connections to 2435:, which itself was relocated from an 2402:Boston Transportation Planning Review 1919:Tampa Bay Crosstown Expressway System 927:) due to opposition from the city of 6337: 6196: 5587:"Windlass Freeway (MD 149, unbuilt)" 4891:Bernstein, Dan (February 15, 1987). 4321:killed the plans for both freeways. 4207:was planned to go through Memphis's 3709:To Erie County Line and possibly to 3586:. Would've connected to present day 2972:(where I-495 was to continue to the 2706:, connecting with its parent route, 1703:Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge 1088:California Environmental Quality Act 966: 864:or the San Diego Freeway (I-405) in 815:and the Richard M. Nixon Parkway in 744:to the San Diego Freeway (I-405) in 318:Arizona Department of Transportation 237:post-World War II economic expansion 131: 69: 28: 6708:Urban politics in the United States 6698:Transportation in the United States 6537:Oregon Department of Transportation 6366: 5844: 5700: 5544:. The Herald News. August 17, 2015. 5231:"Hillsborough's Cancelled Freeways" 4758: 4566:, continuing further south through 4489: 3497: 3207:Atlantic Expressway-Sunrise Highway 2960:, and would pass very close to the 2864:area. This led to the downgrade of 2386:) 1955–59, Boston Extension 1962–65 2202: 1701:. Its path would have bordered the 1434:to bypass the existing crossing at 1326: 713:. Only the portion traversing the 24: 6634:Planned route of the Ashby Freeway 6561: 6485:Unbuilt Roads in the Hudson Valley 6317:Gilmore, Susan (August 24, 2003). 5991: 5879:"Route Numbering Committee Agenda" 5482: 5351:Powell, Rick (November 29, 2004). 4867:"unbuilt roads: the Ashby Freeway" 4788:. Arcadia Publishing. p. 83. 3875:to the east toward the Carolinas. 3788: 2773:; this bypass was to be signed as 2702:was planned to bypass Detroit and 2221:operators of the Indiana Toll Road 1140: 561:San Francisco Board of Supervisors 455:to Mission Street still exists as 89:it lacks sufficient corresponding 25: 6719: 6551: 6401: 6066: 5622:"I-695: The Boston Inner Beltway" 5281: 4006:. One section of the freeway—an 3452:Pearl River-Haverstraw Expressway 2693: 2635:, and a planned extension of the 2540:had cut a swath through Downtown 2260:Vieux Carré Riverfront Expressway 1839:Northwest Hillsborough Expressway 1738: 1064:Natural Resources Defense Council 707:Los Angeles International Airport 432:was built as and still exists as 230:removal or relocation of freeways 44:This article has multiple issues. 6639: 6367:Cite error: The named reference 6289:; Oldham, Kit (March 19, 2001). 6197:Mesh, Aaron (November 4, 2014). 4977: 4809:Adams, Gerald (March 28, 2003), 4676:Another planned freeway was the 4090:projects were canceled, and the 4050:(along the western shore of the 3380:is interrupted by a gap between 3371: 3253:Long Island Expressway Extension 2956:business district just south of 2888: 2852:would have bisected the town of 2352: 2225:Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals 2161: 1709:with the western communities of 1464: 1300:a partially completed expressway 1057: 971: 849:, and the coastal cities of the 697:en route to its terminus at the 347: 136: 74: 33: 6454: 6310: 6279: 6265: 6239: 6218: 6190: 6162: 6137: 6120: 6086: 6060: 6035: 6026: 6011: 5985: 5960: 5942: 5928: 5914: 5901:"JFK Expressway @ NYCROADS.com" 5893: 5870: 5819: 5771: 5746: 5720: 5694: 5682: 5661: 5635: 5614: 5593: 5579: 5562: 5548: 5534: 5502: 5476: 5451: 5426: 5408: 5382: 5359: 5344: 5336:Miller, Bill (March 12, 2005). 5329: 5302: 5275: 5249: 5223: 5193: 5163: 5133: 5103: 5073: 5043: 5013: 5004: 4971: 4957: 4943: 4929: 4632:Milwaukee School of Engineering 4613:and the western section as the 4106: 4101: 3804:East–West Highway (New England) 3468:Pound Ridge-Stamford Expressway 3447:Ossining-South Salem Expressway 3437:Northern Westchester Expressway 3353:West Babylon-Centerport Highway 3046:with southern neighborhoods of 2913:through Lower Manhattan to the 1676:University-Deerfield Expressway 1460:Canceled expressways in Florida 1076:SR 241 Foothill South Toll Road 224:. In many cities, there remain 52:or discuss these issues on the 6504:Oregon Highways: US Highway 26 6473:Unbuilt Roads in New York City 6449:Ga. Highway 414/Interstate 420 6417: 6380:. Department of Transportation 5998:libguides.freeportlibrary.info 5574:Federal Highway Administration 4911: 4884: 4859: 4834: 4825: 4802: 4775: 4752: 4717: 4282: 4142:Roosevelt Expressway Extension 4115:, which would have started at 3794:Watertown-Champlain Expressway 3183: 2980:where it would connect to the 2964:. The Expressway was to carry 2821:, whose roadway runs from the 2662:with Schoolcraft serving as a 2176:Federal Highway Administration 2113:from its northern terminus at 1818:, the separated grade SPUI at 1685:: A northern extension of the 1349:environmental impact statement 1212: 1084:Transportation Corridor Agency 671: 650: 551:near what is Army Street (now 436:through the Presidio from the 13: 1: 6661: 6627: 6466: 5922:"Korean War Veterans Parkway" 5257:"Illinois Periodicals Online" 4711: 4398: 4329: 4183: 3842: 3837:Nature Center at Shaker Lakes 3456:Peekskill-Brewster Expressway 3323:Seaford-Oyster Bay Expressway 3133:was left unfinished north of 2819:New Jersey Turnpike Authority 2797:, which would have connected 2793:As planned in the 1960s, the 2788: 2647:than they were designed for. 2349:, ultimately opened in 2011. 2253:African-American neighborhood 1116: 342: 6479:Unbuilt Roads on Long Island 6430: 5601:"Master Highway Plan (1948)" 5288:articles.chicagotribune.com/ 4980:"E-470: More Than a HIghway" 4533: 4199: 4017:The 1972 mayoral race, with 3822: 3394:Briarcliff-Peekskill Parkway 3213:Babylon-Northport Expressway 2835:I-95/PA Turnpike interchange 2764: 2558:a replacement tunnel network 2492:interchange at Route 128 in 2238: 2100:O'Hare International Airport 2075:Midway International Airport 2050:There were plans to upgrade 1417: 1093: 487:Southern Embarcadero Freeway 444:to meet the Western Freeway. 374:, who began writing for the 7: 6651:Committee to Extend Route 7 6491: 5733:America's Canceled Highways 4907:– via Newspapers.com. 4474:ultimately opened in 2019. 4351: 4307:along the southern edge of 4213:United States Supreme Court 3909: 3878: 3727:North Park Expressway From 3525:-A highway connection from 3459:Pelham-Port Chester Parkway 3235:Cross River Drive Extension 2883: 2594: 2273: 2146:to the Wisconsin border in 2098:, connecting downtown with 2021: 1629:Miami International Airport 1534:Miami International Airport 1294:(which had been designated 1217: 1184: 856:The Redondo Beach Freeway ( 837:The Pacific Coast Freeway ( 775:), originally known as the 630: 10: 6724: 6688:Cancelled highway projects 6442: 6104:. Figure 1. Archived from 5643:"Boston Highway Plan 1965" 4782:Smith, Emma Bland (2007). 4480:Washington State Route 290 4389:Arlington County, Virginia 4324: 4255:The inner city segment of 4250: 4205:Interstate 40 in Tennessee 4060:Tom McCall Waterfront Park 4010:stretch between Sandy and 3913: 3869:The Village of Indian Hill 3776:Robert Moses State Parkway 3641:Robert Moses State Parkway 3635:Lake Ontario State Parkway 3523:Northern Albany Expressway 3301:Patchogue-Mount Sinai Road 3247:Freeport-Roslyn Expressway 3178:Brooklyn-Queens Expressway 3143:New York City parks system 3097:between 1989 and 1992. In 3013:Lower Manhattan Expressway 2903:Lower Manhattan Expressway 2682:some point in the future. 2603: 2599: 1948: 1944: 1457: 1453: 1160: 732:) would have run from the 610: 511:The freeway approach from 282: 273:controlled-access freeways 6606:Central Freeway extension 6589:(California Highways.org) 6518:Interview with David Hupp 4696:where it would meet with 4425:Washington Park Arboretum 4111:There were plans for the 3904: 3619:Portsmouth, New Hampshire 3490:Lake Taghkanic State Park 3359:Western Nassau Expressway 3341:Veterans Memorial Highway 2917:with a connection to the 2848:A similar plan involving 2714:at the southern end, and 2666:until I-96 connects with 2612:Black Bottom neighborhood 2262:would have run along the 2088:Chicago Transit Authority 2027:Chicago metropolitan area 1923:Lee Roy Selmon Expressway 1800:Lee Roy Selmon Expressway 1312:Sturbridge, Massachusetts 913:San Gabriel River Freeway 901:South Central Los Angeles 801:South Central Los Angeles 645:California State Route 24 508:approach was never built. 339:and freeways ever since. 241:Interstate Highway System 6410:Journal of Urban History 6073:Democrat & Chronicle 5972:timesmachine.nytimes.com 5831:www.michiganhighways.org 5758:www.michiganhighways.org 5576:. Accessed May 31, 2007. 4724:Gillham, Oliver (2002). 4510:, as well as a proposed 4376:only during rush hours. 4343:Central and Northeastern 4226: 4156:). Outside the city, an 3883: 3765:New York State Route 425 3703:New York State Route 400 3669:New York State Route 263 3655:New York State Route 179 3503:Mid-Crosstown Arterial ( 3479:Hutchinson River Parkway 3025:Verrazano-Narrows Bridge 3007:that would run from the 2950:Mid-Manhattan Expressway 2823:Delaware Memorial Bridge 2510:Union Square, Somerville 2464:Rumney Marsh Reservation 1284:Providence, Rhode Island 1101:was intended to connect 521:Southern Crossing bridge 360:dates to 1955, when the 6578:San Francisco CITYSCAPE 5889:– via Wikisource. 5378:– via Wikisource. 4923:San Luis Obispo Tribune 4846:www.ci.emeryville.ca.us 4815:San Francisco Chronicle 4570:northeastern lakefront 4405:R.H. Thomson Expressway 4257:Texas State Highway 225 4129:Vine Street Expressways 3920:Interstate 505 (Oregon) 3817: 3798:New York State Route 13 3771:to the Buffalo Beltway. 3746:New York State Thruway. 3740:New York State Route 33 3733:New York State Route 33 3707:New York State Route 16 3689:New York State Route 33 3683:New York State Route 75 3588:New York State Route 43 3571:. Would've begun under 3426:Hudson River Expressway 3229:Broad Hollow Expressway 3223:Caumsett State Parkways 3139:Staten Island Greenbelt 3056:Cross Harlem Expressway 3037:Brooklyn-Battery Tunnel 2893:Several expressways in 2870:Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 2833:into New Jersey. This 1967:freeway to what is now 1951:Atlanta freeway revolts 1444:Yale New Haven Hospital 1310:) between Hartford and 657:Bakersfield, California 363:San Francisco Chronicle 356:, public opposition to 104:more precise citations. 6592:Planned routes of the 6498:The Mount Hood Freeway 5568:Weingroff, Richard F. 5489:Rockford Register Star 4484:North Spokane Corridor 4369: 4289:Texas State Highway 16 4166:Burlington, New Jersey 4113:Cobbs Creek Expressway 3694:West Side Arterial to 3679:New York State Route 5 3517:New York State Thruway 3335:Southern State Parkway 3283:Northern State Parkway 3176:neighborhood, and the 3170:Cross Bronx Expressway 3123:Cross Bronx Expressway 2982:Long Island Expressway 2484:The 1965 plan for the 2460:Lynn Woods Reservation 2384:Massachusetts Turnpike 2365:East Boston Expressway 2249:New Orleans, Louisiana 1961:Stone Mountain Freeway 1828:MacDill Air Force Base 1469:In the 1970s, most of 1121:In December 1974, the 1080:San Onofre State Beach 1045:) running through the 584:Loma Prieta earthquake 480:Loma Prieta earthquake 6622:Hunters Point Freeway 6618:Park-Presidio Freeway 6557:Pennsylvania Highways 6253:on September 27, 2007 6094:Cuyahoga County, Ohio 5649:on September 23, 2015 4671:Wisconsin Highway 175 4472:State Route 99 tunnel 4359: 4173:Pennsylvania Route 23 4162:Bristol, Pennsylvania 4148:from Adams Avenue to 3972:East Portland Freeway 3828:Cuyahoga County, Ohio 3749:Lancaster Expressway 3626:Buffalo-Niagara Falls 3548:Taconic State Parkway 3486:Taconic State Parkway 3391:Blue Mountain Parkway 3378:Bear Mountain Parkway 3365:William Floyd Parkway 3347:Wantagh State Parkway 3163:National Park Service 3044:Queens Midtown Tunnel 2978:Queens Midtown Tunnel 2962:Empire State Building 2905:was planned to carry 2831:Pennsylvania Turnpike 2589:Massachusetts Route 9 1605:Coral Gables, Florida 771:The Slauson Freeway ( 726:Beverly Hills Freeway 679:Laurel Canyon Freeway 533:Hunters Point Freeway 430:Park Presidio Freeway 333:University of Arizona 232:that had been built. 6513:: "Highway to Hell" 6437:Milwaukee's Freeways 6147:Historical Society. 6108:on February 16, 2018 5558:. February 12, 2015. 5461:Illinois Highway Map 5436:Illinois Highway Map 5263:on September 7, 2006 4953:. December 21, 2013. 4925:, September 25, 2010 4698:Wisconsin Highway 16 4665:, where it met with 4393:Alexandria, Virginia 4314:Model Cities Program 4309:downtown San Antonio 4233:Trans-Texas Corridor 4221:Sam Cooper Boulevard 4178:Goat Path Expressway 3865:Cross County Highway 3473:Spring Valley Bypass 3420:Garden State Parkway 3414:Cross County Parkway 3408:White Plains-Mahopac 3105:was to run from the 3083:Clearview Expressway 2897:, mostly planned by 2874:Watchung Reservation 2817:. In addition, the 2754:Northwestern Highway 2629:Detroit City Airport 2550:tall left field wall 2486:Northwest Expressway 2444:Northeast Expressway 2428:was replaced by the 2418:Southwest Expressway 2382:Western Expressway ( 2377:Southeast Expressway 2298:. Mikulski became a 2063:Crosstown Expressway 2056:Crosstown Expressway 1723:Okeechobee Boulevard 1583:West Dade Expressway 1424:Oak Street Connector 1292:Wilbur Cross Highway 1286:, closely following 1169:to the east side of 1072:Surfrider Foundation 1051:La Cañada Flintridge 719:La Cienega Boulevard 668:strongly protested. 637:Berkeley, California 535:would have run from 390:above Duboce Avenue. 157:improve this article 6594:Golden Gate Freeway 6546:on August 15, 2008. 6520:(an advisor to the 6022:. October 22, 1952. 5956:on October 7, 2014. 5522:on January 18, 2017 5422:. February 7, 2002. 5420:Peoria Journal Star 5394:PeoriaMagazines.com 4967:. November 4, 2016. 4939:. October 21, 2015. 4871:enf.livejournal.com 4821:on January 12, 2014 4690:Fond du Lac Freeway 4655:Stadium Interchange 4460:Alaskan Way Viaduct 4176:popularity as the " 4138:Roosevelt Boulevard 4088:West Eugene Parkway 4066:Elsewhere in Oregon 3998:out to the city of 3873:Ohio State Route 32 3738:East Side Arterial 3716:Gowanda Expressway 3594:Slingerlands Bypass 3565:South Mall Arterial 3538:Adirondack Northway 3433:—Northern Extension 3431:New Jersey Turnpike 3398:Catskill Expressway 3329:Sound Shore Parkway 3201:A.O. Smith Turnpike 3147:Willowbrook Parkway 3119:Bruckner Expressway 3115:New England Thruway 3107:Bruckner Expressway 3103:Sheridan Expressway 3011:(at the end of the 3009:Williamsburg Bridge 2993:Bushwick Expressway 2974:New Jersey Turnpike 2915:Williamsburg Bridge 2710:, near the city of 2633:Van Dyke Expressway 2616:Mayor Coleman Young 2390:Northern Expressway 2300:U.S. Representative 2071:Dan Ryan Expressway 1851:Veterans Expressway 1843:Hillsborough County 1687:Sawgrass Expressway 1609:Palmetto Expressway 1573:and 47th Street in 1556:Palmetto Expressway 1515:Sawgrass Expressway 1354:Mianus River Bridge 1278:Eastern Connecticut 1238:expressway between 1037:The portion of the 617:Oakland, California 553:Cesar Chavez Street 502:Embarcadero Freeway 498:Golden Gate Freeway 476:Golden Gate Freeway 468:Embarcadero Freeway 461:Golden Gate Freeway 368:Embarcadero Freeway 267:and the segment of 169:footnote references 6683:Anti-road protests 6412:.2004; 30: 674–706 5784:The New York Times 5211:on October 9, 2014 5181:on October 9, 2014 5151:on October 8, 2014 5091:on October 8, 2014 4897:The Sacramento Bee 4584:Amstutz Expressway 4370: 4261:Harrisburg Freeway 3988:Mount Hood Freeway 3916:Mount Hood Freeway 3800:Expressway, Ithaca 3784:Outer Belt Parkway 3781:Inner Belt Parkway 3659:Blasdell, New York 3647:LaSalle Expressway 3404:Bronx-White Plains 3311:Ponquogue Causeway 2995:, an extension of 2935:Nelson Rockefeller 2724:Grand River Avenue 2625:Grand River Avenue 2520:was extended from 2398:Francis W. Sargent 2396:In 1970, Governor 2367:(MA 1A), 1948–1951 2347:Maryland Route 200 2247:was built through 2209:Illiana Expressway 2033:Amstutz Expressway 1963:from the existing 1782:Dale Mabry Highway 1727:Southern Boulevard 1590:Biscayne Boulevard 1567:Hialeah Expressway 1530:Airport Expressway 1521:Dolphin Expressway 1511:Florida's Turnpike 1006:Long Beach Freeway 940:Long Beach Freeway 870:Long Beach Freeway 807:that runs between 693:area, and western 577:Golden Gate Bridge 506:Golden Gate Bridge 438:Golden Gate Bridge 257:Francis W. Sargent 6646:Route 7 Coalition 6610:Panhandle Freeway 6602:Crosstown Freeway 6323:The Seattle Times 6145:Cleveland Heights 6096:(December 1957). 5290:. Chicago Tribune 4992:on April 13, 2020 4759:Gilliam, Harold. 4615:Park West Freeway 4611:Park East Freeway 4190:Birmingham Bridge 4140:, along with the 4134:Betsy Ross Bridge 4084:Roosevelt Freeway 4078:. In Salem, the 3986:freeway, and the 3863:In addition, the 3735:in North Buffalo. 3722:Gowanda, New York 3603:East–West Highway 3556:Washington County 3552:Rensselaer County 3442:Orange Expressway 3271:Nassau Expressway 3265:MacArthur Airport 3155:Shore Front Drive 3151:Victory Boulevard 3068:Triborough Bridge 2954:Midtown Manhattan 2923:Greenwich Village 2732:Commerce Township 2437:elevated railroad 2264:Mississippi River 2217:Indiana Toll Road 2016:Perimeter Highway 1683:Palm Beach County 1538:stack interchange 1507:Old Dixie Highway 1207:Northwest Parkway 1199:State Highway 470 1030:Los Angeles River 1001: 1000: 921:Santa Ana Freeway 734:Hollywood Freeway 699:San Diego Freeway 541:Candlestick Point 466:A portion of the 447:A portion of the 428:A portion of the 414:Crosstown Freeway 395:Crosstown Freeway 215: 214: 207: 197: 196: 189: 130: 129: 122: 67: 16:(Redirected from 6715: 6547: 6545: 6539:. Archived from 6534: 6522:Multnomah County 6396: 6390: 6389: 6387: 6385: 6375: 6365: 6359: 6358: 6356: 6354: 6344: 6335: 6334: 6332: 6330: 6314: 6308: 6307: 6305: 6303: 6283: 6277: 6276: 6269: 6263: 6262: 6260: 6258: 6249:. Archived from 6243: 6237: 6236: 6234: 6232: 6222: 6216: 6215: 6213: 6211: 6194: 6188: 6187: 6185: 6183: 6166: 6160: 6159: 6157: 6155: 6141: 6135: 6134: 6130:The Plain Dealer 6124: 6118: 6117: 6115: 6113: 6090: 6084: 6083: 6081: 6079: 6064: 6058: 6057: 6055: 6053: 6039: 6033: 6030: 6024: 6023: 6015: 6009: 6008: 6006: 6004: 5992:Feeney, Regina. 5989: 5983: 5982: 5980: 5978: 5964: 5958: 5957: 5952:. Archived from 5946: 5940: 5939: 5932: 5926: 5925: 5918: 5912: 5911: 5909: 5907: 5897: 5891: 5890: 5888: 5886: 5874: 5868: 5867: 5865: 5863: 5848: 5842: 5841: 5839: 5837: 5823: 5817: 5816: 5810: 5802: 5800: 5798: 5775: 5769: 5768: 5766: 5764: 5750: 5744: 5743: 5741: 5739: 5724: 5718: 5717: 5715: 5713: 5707:The Detroit News 5701:Aguilar, Louis. 5698: 5692: 5686: 5680: 5679: 5677: 5675: 5665: 5659: 5658: 5656: 5654: 5645:. Archived from 5639: 5633: 5632: 5630: 5628: 5618: 5612: 5611: 5609: 5607: 5597: 5591: 5590: 5583: 5577: 5566: 5560: 5559: 5552: 5546: 5545: 5538: 5532: 5531: 5529: 5527: 5521: 5515:. Archived from 5514: 5506: 5500: 5499: 5497: 5495: 5480: 5474: 5473: 5471: 5469: 5455: 5449: 5448: 5446: 5444: 5430: 5424: 5423: 5412: 5406: 5405: 5403: 5401: 5386: 5380: 5379: 5377: 5375: 5363: 5357: 5356: 5348: 5342: 5341: 5338:"Langhorne Bond" 5333: 5327: 5326: 5324: 5322: 5306: 5300: 5299: 5297: 5295: 5279: 5273: 5272: 5270: 5268: 5259:. Archived from 5253: 5247: 5246: 5244: 5242: 5237:on April 6, 2005 5233:. Archived from 5227: 5221: 5220: 5218: 5216: 5207:. Archived from 5197: 5191: 5190: 5188: 5186: 5177:. Archived from 5167: 5161: 5160: 5158: 5156: 5147:. Archived from 5137: 5131: 5130: 5128: 5126: 5117:. Archived from 5107: 5101: 5100: 5098: 5096: 5087:. Archived from 5077: 5071: 5070: 5068: 5066: 5057:. Archived from 5047: 5041: 5040: 5038: 5036: 5027:. Archived from 5017: 5011: 5008: 5002: 5001: 4999: 4997: 4991: 4984: 4978:Noel, Thomas J. 4975: 4969: 4968: 4961: 4955: 4954: 4947: 4941: 4940: 4933: 4927: 4926: 4919:"Cuesta Freeway" 4915: 4909: 4908: 4906: 4904: 4888: 4882: 4881: 4879: 4877: 4863: 4857: 4856: 4854: 4852: 4838: 4832: 4829: 4823: 4822: 4817:, archived from 4806: 4800: 4799: 4779: 4773: 4772: 4770: 4768: 4756: 4750: 4749: 4721: 4580:Lake Shore Drive 4576:Lake Shore Drive 4528:Washington Metro 4490:Washington, D.C. 4441:South Lake Union 4417:Central District 4098:was ever built. 4056:Oregon Route 99W 4052:Willamette River 4019:Neil Goldschmidt 3939:Banfield Freeway 3926:Portland, Oregon 3718:Angola, New York 3560:Saratoga Springs 3542:Riverfront Route 3533:through Colonie. 3498:Capital District 3305:Cedar Beach Spur 3241:Cedar Swamp Road 3159:Great Kills Park 3135:Arthur Kill Road 3131:Richmond Parkway 2919:Manhattan Bridge 2795:Somerset Freeway 2498:Concord Turnpike 2335:Washington, D.C. 2296:Barbara Mikulski 2203:Illinois–Indiana 2131:Illinois Tollway 2052:Lake Shore Drive 2005:Langford Parkway 1715:Royal Palm Beach 1655:University Drive 1544:Gratigny Parkway 1495:North Lauderdale 1432:Housatonic River 1327:Fairfield County 1308:Upstate New York 1226:beltway west of 1047:Crescenta Valley 1039:Foothill Freeway 996: 993: 987: 975: 974: 967: 824:Glendale Freeway 777:Richard M. Nixon 758:Fairfax District 573:Golden Gate Park 463:was never built. 453:Bayshore Freeway 442:Golden Gate Park 418:Golden Gate Park 399:Glen Canyon Park 306:Arizona Republic 289:Phoenix, Arizona 253:environmentalist 210: 203: 192: 185: 181: 178: 172: 140: 139: 132: 125: 118: 114: 111: 105: 100:this article by 91:inline citations 78: 77: 70: 59: 37: 36: 29: 21: 6723: 6722: 6718: 6717: 6716: 6714: 6713: 6712: 6673: 6672: 6664: 6642: 6630: 6614:Mission Freeway 6598:Western Freeway 6564: 6554: 6543: 6532: 6528:George Kramer. 6511:Willamette Week 6494: 6469: 6457: 6445: 6433: 6420: 6404: 6399: 6383: 6381: 6373: 6369: 6368: 6362: 6352: 6350: 6346: 6345: 6338: 6328: 6326: 6315: 6311: 6301: 6299: 6284: 6280: 6271: 6270: 6266: 6256: 6254: 6245: 6244: 6240: 6230: 6228: 6224: 6223: 6219: 6209: 6207: 6204:Willamette Week 6195: 6191: 6181: 6179: 6167: 6163: 6153: 6151: 6142: 6138: 6125: 6121: 6111: 6109: 6091: 6087: 6077: 6075: 6065: 6061: 6051: 6049: 6041: 6040: 6036: 6031: 6027: 6017: 6016: 6012: 6002: 6000: 5990: 5986: 5976: 5974: 5966: 5965: 5961: 5948: 5947: 5943: 5934: 5933: 5929: 5920: 5919: 5915: 5905: 5903: 5899: 5898: 5894: 5884: 5882: 5875: 5871: 5861: 5859: 5857:The Star-Ledger 5849: 5845: 5835: 5833: 5825: 5824: 5820: 5804: 5803: 5796: 5794: 5776: 5772: 5762: 5760: 5752: 5751: 5747: 5737: 5735: 5725: 5721: 5711: 5709: 5699: 5695: 5687: 5683: 5673: 5671: 5667: 5666: 5662: 5652: 5650: 5641: 5640: 5636: 5626: 5624: 5620: 5619: 5615: 5605: 5603: 5599: 5598: 5594: 5585: 5584: 5580: 5567: 5563: 5554: 5553: 5549: 5540: 5539: 5535: 5525: 5523: 5519: 5512: 5508: 5507: 5503: 5493: 5491: 5483:Sweeny, Chuck. 5481: 5477: 5467: 5465: 5456: 5452: 5442: 5440: 5431: 5427: 5414: 5413: 5409: 5399: 5397: 5388: 5387: 5383: 5373: 5371: 5364: 5360: 5349: 5345: 5334: 5330: 5320: 5318: 5315:Chicago Tribune 5308: 5307: 5303: 5293: 5291: 5280: 5276: 5266: 5264: 5255: 5254: 5250: 5240: 5238: 5229: 5228: 5224: 5214: 5212: 5199: 5198: 5194: 5184: 5182: 5169: 5168: 5164: 5154: 5152: 5139: 5138: 5134: 5124: 5122: 5121:on June 9, 2012 5109: 5108: 5104: 5094: 5092: 5079: 5078: 5074: 5064: 5062: 5061:on June 9, 2012 5049: 5048: 5044: 5034: 5032: 5031:on June 9, 2012 5019: 5018: 5014: 5009: 5005: 4995: 4993: 4989: 4982: 4976: 4972: 4963: 4962: 4958: 4949: 4948: 4944: 4935: 4934: 4930: 4917: 4916: 4912: 4902: 4900: 4889: 4885: 4875: 4873: 4865: 4864: 4860: 4850: 4848: 4840: 4839: 4835: 4830: 4826: 4807: 4803: 4796: 4780: 4776: 4766: 4764: 4757: 4753: 4738: 4722: 4718: 4714: 4686:Stadium Freeway 4663:Port Washington 4639:Stadium Freeway 4623:Stadium Freeway 4536: 4524:Capital Beltway 4494:Plans to build 4492: 4413:State Route 520 4401: 4387:was blocked by 4354: 4345: 4332: 4327: 4285: 4253: 4229: 4202: 4186: 4109: 4104: 4068: 4002:at the base of 3961:Stadium Freeway 3950:Baldock Freeway 3922: 3912: 3907: 3886: 3881: 3845: 3825: 3820: 3791: 3711:Olean, New York 3705:Extension from 3651:Belt Expressway 3628: 3573:Washington Park 3569:Downtown Albany 3500: 3374: 3186: 2931:Lower East Side 2891: 2886: 2791: 2767: 2696: 2637:Davison Freeway 2608: 2602: 2597: 2446:(also I-95) to 2408:beltway around 2392:(I-93), 1956–73 2379:(I-93), 1954–59 2355: 2276: 2241: 2205: 2164: 2029: 2024: 2012:Outer Perimeter 1969:Freedom Parkway 1953: 1947: 1882:Pinellas County 1808:Gandy Boulevard 1806:on an upgraded 1804:Pinellas County 1789:State Road 694A 1741: 1707:West Palm Beach 1560:Fort Lauderdale 1491:Fort Lauderdale 1475:Miami Metrorail 1467: 1462: 1456: 1420: 1412:Merritt Parkway 1329: 1280: 1230:, the proposed 1220: 1215: 1187: 1163: 1143: 1141:San Luis Obispo 1135:State Route 244 1131:State Route 143 1119: 1099:State Route 252 1096: 1060: 997: 991: 988: 985: 976: 972: 893:Century Freeway 886:Gardena Freeway 674: 653: 633: 613: 588:Central Freeway 565:Central Freeway 449:Central Freeway 423:Central Freeway 388:Central Freeway 350: 345: 325:Tucson, Arizona 285: 226:unused highways 218:Highway revolts 211: 200: 199: 198: 193: 182: 176: 173: 154: 145:This article's 141: 137: 126: 115: 109: 106: 96:Please help to 95: 79: 75: 38: 34: 23: 22: 18:Prairie Parkway 15: 12: 11: 5: 6721: 6711: 6710: 6705: 6700: 6695: 6690: 6685: 6671: 6670: 6663: 6660: 6659: 6658: 6653: 6648: 6641: 6638: 6637: 6636: 6629: 6626: 6625: 6624: 6590: 6580: 6575: 6570: 6563: 6560: 6559: 6558: 6553: 6550: 6549: 6548: 6525: 6515: 6507: 6500: 6493: 6490: 6489: 6488: 6487:(NYCROADS.com) 6482: 6481:(NYCROADS.com) 6476: 6475:(NYCROADS.com) 6468: 6465: 6464: 6463: 6456: 6453: 6452: 6451: 6444: 6441: 6440: 6439: 6432: 6429: 6428: 6427: 6419: 6416: 6415: 6414: 6403: 6402:External links 6400: 6398: 6397: 6360: 6336: 6309: 6278: 6264: 6238: 6217: 6189: 6161: 6136: 6119: 6085: 6067:Riley, David. 6059: 6034: 6025: 6010: 5984: 5959: 5941: 5927: 5913: 5892: 5869: 5843: 5818: 5770: 5745: 5719: 5693: 5681: 5660: 5634: 5613: 5592: 5578: 5561: 5547: 5533: 5501: 5475: 5450: 5425: 5407: 5381: 5358: 5343: 5328: 5301: 5282:Ibata, David. 5274: 5248: 5222: 5192: 5162: 5132: 5102: 5072: 5042: 5012: 5003: 4970: 4956: 4942: 4928: 4910: 4883: 4858: 4833: 4824: 4801: 4794: 4774: 4751: 4736: 4715: 4713: 4710: 4709: 4708: 4701: 4674: 4635: 4603: 4592:Interstate 794 4535: 4532: 4520:Interstate 395 4512:Interstate 266 4504:Interstate 295 4496:Interstate 270 4491: 4488: 4452:Interstate 605 4445:Seattle Center 4437:State Route 99 4421:Madison Valley 4400: 4397: 4385:Interstate 395 4353: 4350: 4344: 4341: 4337:Interstate 189 4331: 4328: 4326: 4323: 4284: 4281: 4252: 4249: 4237:supercorridors 4228: 4225: 4217:Interstate 240 4201: 4198: 4185: 4182: 4158:Interstate 895 4136:and I-95 with 4108: 4105: 4103: 4100: 4092:Belt Line Road 4080:Interstate 305 4067: 4064: 3996:Marquam Bridge 3984:Interstate 505 3980: 3979: 3976:Interstate 205 3968: 3965:Interstate 405 3957: 3946: 3911: 3908: 3906: 3903: 3885: 3882: 3880: 3877: 3844: 3841: 3824: 3821: 3819: 3816: 3815: 3814: 3811:Interstate 390 3807: 3801: 3795: 3790: 3787: 3786: 3785: 3782: 3779: 3772: 3769:Interstate 290 3761: 3758: 3747: 3736: 3729:Interstate 190 3725: 3714: 3700: 3696:Interstate 190 3692: 3686: 3676: 3673:Interstate 190 3665:Interstate 990 3662: 3644: 3638: 3627: 3624: 3623: 3622: 3596: 3591: 3576: 3562: 3545: 3534: 3520: 3513:Interstate 787 3499: 3496: 3495: 3494: 3482: 3475: 3470: 3465: 3460: 3457: 3454: 3449: 3444: 3439: 3434: 3428: 3423: 3417: 3411: 3400: 3395: 3392: 3389: 3373: 3370: 3369: 3368: 3362: 3356: 3350: 3344: 3338: 3332: 3326: 3320: 3314: 3308: 3303:Extension and 3298: 3292: 3286: 3280: 3274: 3268: 3262: 3256: 3250: 3244: 3238: 3232: 3226: 3219:Bethpage State 3216: 3210: 3204: 3185: 3182: 3095:JFK Expressway 3033:Interstate 478 2970:Lincoln Tunnel 2966:Interstate 495 2911:Holland Tunnel 2890: 2887: 2885: 2882: 2843:Houlton, Maine 2839:Miami, Florida 2807:Interstate 287 2790: 2787: 2775:Interstate 335 2766: 2763: 2700:Interstate 275 2698:In the 1970s, 2695: 2694:Oakland County 2692: 2688:Eminent Domain 2601: 2598: 2596: 2593: 2538:Central Artery 2530: 2529: 2482: 2475:Interstate 695 2467: 2440: 2394: 2393: 2387: 2380: 2374: 2371:Central Artery 2368: 2354: 2351: 2275: 2272: 2268:French Quarter 2240: 2237: 2204: 2201: 2172:Interstate 180 2163: 2160: 2115:Lake Cook Road 2067:Chicago Skyway 2028: 2025: 2023: 2020: 1989:Interstate 420 1981:Interstate 675 1973:Interstate 485 1949:Main article: 1946: 1943: 1942: 1941: 1926: 1916: 1912: 1904: 1889: 1886:Pinellas Trail 1880:US 19 through 1873:St. Petersburg 1870: 1854: 1836: 1824: 1796: 1786: 1779: 1772: 1761: 1745:Tampa Bay area 1740: 1739:Tampa Bay area 1737: 1736: 1735: 1679: 1673: 1658: 1647:State Road 822 1643: 1632: 1601: 1598:State Road 858 1586: 1564: 1541: 1518: 1466: 1463: 1455: 1452: 1419: 1416: 1328: 1325: 1316:Interstate 384 1279: 1276: 1248:Interstate 491 1236:Interstate 284 1232:Interstate 484 1224:Interstate 291 1219: 1216: 1214: 1211: 1186: 1183: 1167:U.S. Route 101 1162: 1159: 1151:Cuesta College 1142: 1139: 1127:State Route 65 1118: 1115: 1107:Interstate 805 1095: 1092: 1059: 1056: 1055: 1054: 1035: 1034: 1033: 1012:) between the 1002: 999: 998: 979: 977: 970: 936: 889: 878:Harbor Freeway 854: 835: 820: 809:Marina del Rey 805:Marina Freeway 769: 740:) in southern 722: 673: 670: 652: 649: 632: 629: 612: 609: 601:Interstate 280 557: 556: 549:Interstate 280 525: 524: 517:Interstate 280 509: 494: 491:Interstate 280 483: 472:Interstate 480 464: 445: 426: 410:Interstate 280 406: 403:Interstate 280 391: 384:Interstate 280 349: 346: 344: 341: 329:Interstate 710 310:Eugene Pulliam 301:Papago Freeway 284: 281: 265:Central Artery 213: 212: 195: 194: 149:external links 144: 142: 135: 128: 127: 82: 80: 73: 68: 42: 41: 39: 32: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6720: 6709: 6706: 6704: 6701: 6699: 6696: 6694: 6691: 6689: 6686: 6684: 6681: 6680: 6678: 6669: 6666: 6665: 6657: 6654: 6652: 6649: 6647: 6644: 6643: 6635: 6632: 6631: 6623: 6619: 6615: 6611: 6607: 6603: 6599: 6595: 6591: 6588: 6584: 6581: 6579: 6576: 6574: 6571: 6569: 6566: 6565: 6562:San Francisco 6556: 6555: 6542: 6538: 6531: 6526: 6523: 6519: 6516: 6514: 6512: 6508: 6506: 6505: 6501: 6499: 6496: 6495: 6486: 6483: 6480: 6477: 6474: 6471: 6470: 6462: 6459: 6458: 6450: 6447: 6446: 6438: 6435: 6434: 6425: 6422: 6421: 6413: 6411: 6406: 6405: 6394: 6384:September 26, 6379: 6372: 6364: 6349: 6343: 6341: 6324: 6320: 6313: 6298: 6297: 6292: 6288: 6287:Crowley, Walt 6282: 6274: 6268: 6252: 6248: 6242: 6227: 6221: 6206: 6205: 6200: 6193: 6178: 6177: 6172: 6165: 6150: 6146: 6140: 6132: 6131: 6123: 6107: 6103: 6099: 6095: 6089: 6074: 6070: 6063: 6048: 6044: 6038: 6029: 6021: 6014: 5999: 5995: 5988: 5973: 5969: 5963: 5955: 5951: 5945: 5937: 5931: 5923: 5917: 5902: 5896: 5880: 5873: 5862:September 20, 5858: 5854: 5847: 5832: 5828: 5822: 5814: 5808: 5793: 5789: 5785: 5781: 5774: 5759: 5755: 5749: 5734: 5730: 5723: 5708: 5704: 5697: 5691: 5685: 5670: 5664: 5648: 5644: 5638: 5623: 5617: 5602: 5596: 5588: 5582: 5575: 5571: 5565: 5557: 5551: 5543: 5537: 5518: 5511: 5505: 5490: 5486: 5479: 5463: 5462: 5454: 5438: 5437: 5429: 5421: 5417: 5411: 5400:September 25, 5395: 5391: 5385: 5369: 5362: 5354: 5347: 5339: 5332: 5317: 5316: 5311: 5305: 5289: 5285: 5278: 5262: 5258: 5252: 5236: 5232: 5226: 5210: 5206: 5202: 5196: 5180: 5176: 5172: 5166: 5150: 5146: 5142: 5136: 5120: 5116: 5112: 5106: 5090: 5086: 5082: 5076: 5060: 5056: 5052: 5046: 5030: 5026: 5022: 5016: 5007: 4988: 4981: 4974: 4966: 4960: 4952: 4946: 4938: 4932: 4924: 4920: 4914: 4899:. p. A28 4898: 4894: 4887: 4872: 4868: 4862: 4847: 4843: 4837: 4828: 4820: 4816: 4812: 4805: 4797: 4795:9780738547510 4791: 4787: 4786: 4778: 4762: 4755: 4747: 4743: 4739: 4737:1-55963-833-8 4733: 4729: 4728: 4720: 4716: 4706: 4702: 4699: 4695: 4691: 4687: 4683: 4679: 4675: 4672: 4668: 4664: 4660: 4656: 4652: 4648: 4644: 4640: 4636: 4633: 4629: 4624: 4620: 4616: 4612: 4608: 4604: 4601: 4597: 4593: 4589: 4585: 4581: 4577: 4573: 4569: 4565: 4561: 4557: 4553: 4549: 4545: 4544: 4543: 4541: 4531: 4529: 4525: 4521: 4517: 4516:Three Sisters 4513: 4509: 4508:Interstate 66 4505: 4501: 4500:Interstate 95 4497: 4487: 4485: 4481: 4475: 4473: 4469: 4465: 4461: 4456: 4453: 4448: 4446: 4442: 4438: 4434: 4431:, connecting 4430: 4426: 4422: 4418: 4414: 4410: 4409:Interstate 90 4407:, connecting 4406: 4396: 4394: 4390: 4386: 4382: 4377: 4375: 4366: 4363: 4358: 4349: 4340: 4338: 4322: 4319: 4315: 4310: 4306: 4305:Interstate 37 4302: 4301:Interstate 35 4298: 4297:Interstate 10 4294: 4290: 4280: 4278: 4274: 4270: 4266: 4262: 4258: 4248: 4246: 4242: 4238: 4234: 4224: 4222: 4218: 4214: 4210: 4206: 4197: 4195: 4191: 4181: 4179: 4174: 4171:A section of 4169: 4167: 4163: 4159: 4155: 4151: 4147: 4143: 4139: 4135: 4130: 4126: 4122: 4118: 4117:Interstate 95 4114: 4099: 4097: 4093: 4089: 4085: 4081: 4077: 4073: 4063: 4061: 4057: 4053: 4049: 4043: 4040: 4039:U.S. Route 30 4035: 4033: 4032:MAX Blue Line 4029: 4024: 4023:Frank Ivancie 4020: 4015: 4013: 4009: 4005: 4001: 3997: 3993: 3992:U.S. Route 26 3989: 3985: 3977: 3973: 3969: 3966: 3962: 3958: 3955: 3951: 3947: 3944: 3943:Interstate 84 3940: 3936: 3935: 3934: 3931: 3927: 3921: 3917: 3902: 3899: 3895: 3891: 3876: 3874: 3870: 3866: 3861: 3859: 3858:Interstate 74 3855: 3854:U.S. Route 50 3851: 3850:Interstate 71 3840: 3838: 3833: 3832:Clark Freeway 3829: 3812: 3809:Extension of 3808: 3805: 3802: 3799: 3796: 3793: 3792: 3789:Other regions 3783: 3780: 3777: 3773: 3770: 3766: 3762: 3759: 3756: 3752: 3751:Interstate 90 3748: 3745: 3744:Interstate 90 3741: 3737: 3734: 3730: 3726: 3723: 3719: 3715: 3712: 3708: 3704: 3701: 3697: 3693: 3690: 3687: 3684: 3680: 3677: 3674: 3670: 3666: 3663: 3660: 3656: 3652: 3648: 3645: 3642: 3639: 3636: 3633: 3632: 3631: 3620: 3616: 3615:Calais, Maine 3612: 3608: 3604: 3600: 3599:Interstate 88 3597: 3595: 3592: 3589: 3585: 3581: 3580:Defreestville 3577: 3574: 3570: 3566: 3563: 3561: 3558:and ended in 3557: 3553: 3549: 3546: 3543: 3539: 3535: 3532: 3531:Interstate 87 3528: 3527:Interstate 90 3524: 3521: 3518: 3514: 3510: 3506: 3502: 3501: 3491: 3487: 3483: 3480: 3476: 3474: 3471: 3469: 3466: 3464: 3461: 3458: 3455: 3453: 3450: 3448: 3445: 3443: 3440: 3438: 3435: 3432: 3429: 3427: 3424: 3421: 3418: 3415: 3412: 3409: 3405: 3401: 3399: 3396: 3393: 3390: 3387: 3383: 3379: 3376: 3375: 3372:Hudson Valley 3366: 3363: 3360: 3357: 3354: 3351: 3348: 3345: 3342: 3339: 3336: 3333: 3330: 3327: 3324: 3321: 3318: 3315: 3312: 3309: 3306: 3302: 3299: 3296: 3295:Ocean Parkway 3293: 3290: 3287: 3284: 3281: 3278: 3275: 3272: 3269: 3266: 3263: 3260: 3257: 3254: 3251: 3248: 3245: 3242: 3239: 3236: 3233: 3230: 3227: 3224: 3220: 3217: 3214: 3211: 3208: 3205: 3202: 3199: 3198: 3197: 3195: 3191: 3181: 3179: 3175: 3171: 3166: 3164: 3160: 3156: 3152: 3148: 3144: 3140: 3136: 3132: 3128: 3127:Staten Island 3124: 3120: 3116: 3112: 3108: 3104: 3100: 3096: 3092: 3088: 3084: 3080: 3075: 3073: 3069: 3065: 3061: 3057: 3053: 3049: 3045: 3040: 3038: 3034: 3030: 3026: 3022: 3018: 3014: 3010: 3006: 3002: 2998: 2997:Interstate 78 2994: 2989: 2987: 2983: 2979: 2975: 2971: 2967: 2963: 2959: 2955: 2951: 2946: 2944: 2940: 2936: 2932: 2928: 2924: 2920: 2916: 2912: 2908: 2907:Interstate 78 2904: 2900: 2896: 2895:New York City 2889:New York City 2881: 2879: 2875: 2871: 2867: 2863: 2862:Lehigh Valley 2859: 2855: 2851: 2850:Interstate 78 2846: 2844: 2840: 2836: 2832: 2828: 2827:New York City 2824: 2820: 2816: 2812: 2808: 2804: 2800: 2799:Interstate 95 2796: 2786: 2784: 2780: 2776: 2772: 2762: 2760: 2755: 2750: 2748: 2744: 2739: 2737: 2733: 2727: 2725: 2721: 2720:Interstate 96 2717: 2713: 2709: 2708:Interstate 75 2705: 2701: 2691: 2689: 2683: 2680: 2679:Macomb County 2676: 2671: 2669: 2665: 2664:service drive 2661: 2657: 2653: 2648: 2644: 2642: 2641:Interstate 96 2638: 2634: 2630: 2626: 2622: 2621:Interstate 96 2617: 2613: 2607: 2592: 2590: 2586: 2582: 2578: 2574: 2569: 2567: 2563: 2559: 2555: 2551: 2547: 2543: 2539: 2534: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2515: 2514:Charles River 2511: 2507: 2506:Porter Square 2503: 2499: 2495: 2491: 2487: 2483: 2480: 2476: 2472: 2468: 2465: 2461: 2457: 2453: 2449: 2445: 2441: 2438: 2434: 2431: 2427: 2423: 2422:Interstate 95 2419: 2415: 2414: 2413: 2411: 2407: 2403: 2399: 2391: 2388: 2385: 2381: 2378: 2375: 2372: 2369: 2366: 2363: 2362: 2361: 2358: 2353:Massachusetts 2350: 2348: 2344: 2340: 2336: 2331: 2329: 2325: 2321: 2317: 2313: 2312:I-695 Beltway 2309: 2305: 2301: 2297: 2293: 2289: 2288:Interstate 70 2285: 2284:Interstate 83 2281: 2280:Interstate 95 2271: 2269: 2265: 2261: 2258:The proposed 2256: 2254: 2250: 2246: 2236: 2234: 2230: 2226: 2222: 2218: 2214: 2210: 2200: 2197: 2196:U.S. Route 20 2193: 2192:Interstate 39 2188: 2185: 2181: 2180:Interstate 53 2177: 2173: 2169: 2162:Other regions 2159: 2157: 2156:Interstate 88 2153: 2152:Interstate 80 2149: 2145: 2141: 2140:Interstate 55 2135: 2132: 2128: 2127:Interstate 94 2124: 2120: 2116: 2112: 2108: 2103: 2101: 2097: 2093: 2089: 2084: 2080: 2076: 2072: 2068: 2064: 2059: 2057: 2053: 2048: 2046: 2045:Sheridan Road 2042: 2038: 2037:North Chicago 2034: 2019: 2017: 2013: 2008: 2006: 2002: 1998: 1994: 1993:Interstate 20 1990: 1986: 1985:Carter Center 1982: 1978: 1974: 1970: 1966: 1962: 1958: 1952: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1930:Ulmerton Road 1927: 1924: 1920: 1917: 1913: 1909: 1905: 1902: 1898: 1894: 1893:U.S. Route 41 1890: 1887: 1883: 1878: 1874: 1871: 1868: 1864: 1860: 1855: 1852: 1848: 1844: 1840: 1837: 1833: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1813: 1812:Pinellas Park 1809: 1805: 1801: 1797: 1794: 1790: 1787: 1783: 1780: 1777: 1773: 1770: 1766: 1765:State Road 60 1762: 1759: 1758:U.S. Route 19 1754: 1753:U.S. Route 19 1750: 1749: 1748: 1746: 1733: 1728: 1724: 1720: 1716: 1712: 1708: 1704: 1700: 1699:Boynton Beach 1696: 1692: 1688: 1684: 1680: 1677: 1674: 1671: 1667: 1663: 1659: 1656: 1652: 1648: 1644: 1641: 1640:Coral Springs 1637: 1633: 1630: 1626: 1622: 1618: 1617:Miami Gardens 1614: 1610: 1606: 1602: 1599: 1595: 1591: 1587: 1584: 1580: 1579:U.S. Route 27 1576: 1572: 1568: 1565: 1561: 1557: 1553: 1549: 1545: 1542: 1539: 1535: 1531: 1527: 1522: 1519: 1516: 1512: 1508: 1504: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1488: 1487:Pompano Beach 1484: 1483: 1482: 1480: 1476: 1472: 1471:South Florida 1465:South Florida 1461: 1451: 1449: 1445: 1439: 1437: 1436:Stevenson Dam 1433: 1429: 1425: 1415: 1413: 1408: 1405: 1401: 1397: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1377: 1372: 1369: 1364: 1363:Norwalk River 1360: 1355: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1324: 1321: 1317: 1313: 1309: 1305: 1301: 1297: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1275: 1273: 1269: 1265: 1264:Interstate 84 1261: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1244:South Windsor 1241: 1240:East Hartford 1237: 1233: 1229: 1228:Interstate 91 1225: 1210: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1196: 1191: 1182: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1168: 1158: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1138: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1124: 1114: 1112: 1111:Logan Heights 1108: 1104: 1100: 1091: 1089: 1085: 1081: 1077: 1073: 1069: 1065: 1058:Orange County 1052: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1036: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1011: 1007: 1003: 995: 992:November 2015 983: 978: 969: 968: 964: 960: 956: 952: 948: 947: 945: 941: 937: 934: 930: 926: 922: 918: 914: 910: 906: 902: 898: 894: 890: 887: 883: 879: 875: 871: 867: 863: 862:Redondo Beach 859: 855: 852: 848: 844: 840: 836: 833: 829: 825: 821: 818: 814: 811:and southern 810: 806: 802: 798: 794: 790: 786: 783:and northern 782: 778: 774: 770: 767: 766:long greenway 763: 759: 755: 754:Beverly Hills 751: 750:cut-and-cover 747: 743: 739: 735: 731: 727: 723: 720: 716: 715:Baldwin Hills 712: 711:Laurel Canyon 708: 704: 700: 696: 692: 691:Mid-City West 688: 684: 680: 676: 675: 669: 666: 662: 658: 648: 646: 642: 641:Interstate 80 638: 628: 626: 622: 618: 608: 606: 602: 598: 593: 592:Market Street 589: 585: 580: 578: 574: 570: 566: 562: 559:In 1959, the 554: 550: 546: 545:Hunters Point 542: 538: 534: 530: 529: 528: 522: 518: 514: 510: 507: 503: 499: 495: 492: 488: 484: 481: 477: 473: 469: 465: 462: 458: 454: 450: 446: 443: 439: 435: 431: 427: 424: 419: 415: 411: 407: 404: 400: 396: 392: 389: 385: 381: 380: 379: 377: 373: 369: 365: 364: 359: 355: 354:San Francisco 348:San Francisco 340: 338: 334: 330: 326: 321: 319: 315: 311: 307: 302: 298: 297:Interstate 17 294: 293:Interstate 10 290: 280: 279:expressways. 278: 274: 270: 269:Interstate 93 266: 262: 258: 254: 250: 249:energy crisis 244: 242: 238: 233: 231: 227: 223: 222:United States 219: 209: 206: 191: 188: 180: 170: 166: 165:inappropriate 162: 158: 152: 150: 143: 134: 133: 124: 121: 113: 110:February 2018 103: 99: 93: 92: 86: 81: 72: 71: 66: 64: 57: 56: 51: 50: 45: 40: 31: 30: 27: 19: 6552:Pennsylvania 6541:the original 6510: 6503: 6409: 6382:. Retrieved 6378:Highways.dot 6377: 6363: 6351:. Retrieved 6327:. Retrieved 6325:. p. B1 6322: 6312: 6300:. Retrieved 6294: 6281: 6267: 6255:. Retrieved 6251:the original 6241: 6229:. Retrieved 6220: 6208:. Retrieved 6202: 6192: 6180:. Retrieved 6174: 6164: 6154:February 15, 6152:. Retrieved 6139: 6128: 6122: 6112:February 15, 6110:. Retrieved 6106:the original 6088: 6076:. Retrieved 6072: 6062: 6050:. Retrieved 6046: 6037: 6028: 6019: 6013: 6003:September 4, 6001:. Retrieved 5997: 5987: 5977:September 4, 5975:. Retrieved 5971: 5962: 5954:the original 5944: 5930: 5916: 5904:. Retrieved 5895: 5883:. Retrieved 5872: 5860:. Retrieved 5846: 5834:. Retrieved 5830: 5821: 5795:. Retrieved 5783: 5773: 5761:. Retrieved 5757: 5748: 5736:. Retrieved 5732: 5722: 5710:. Retrieved 5706: 5696: 5684: 5672:. Retrieved 5663: 5651:. Retrieved 5647:the original 5637: 5625:. Retrieved 5616: 5604:. Retrieved 5595: 5581: 5564: 5550: 5536: 5524:. Retrieved 5517:the original 5504: 5492:. 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