Knowledge

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+ – – – – – + – – – + + – + – + + – – + – – + – + – – + + + – + + + + + – – – + – + – + + – – + – – + – + – – + + + – + + + + + – – – + – + + + – – – – – + – – + – + – + – – + + + – + + + + + – – – + – + + + – – – – – + – – – + + – + – + + – – + – – + – – + – + – – + + + – + + + + + – – – + – + + + – – – – – + – – – + + – + – + + – – + – – + – – + – + – – + + + – + + + + + – – – + – + + + – – – – – + – – – + + – + + – + – – – + + – + – + + – – + – – + – + – – + + + – + + + + + – – – + – + + + – – – – – – + + + – – – – – + – – – + + – + – + + – – + – – + – + – – + + + – + + + + + – – + – – + + – + – + + – – + – – + – + – – + + + – + + + + + – – – + – + + + – – – – – + – – – + + – – + – – + – + – – + + + – + + + + + – – – + – + + + – – – – – + – – – + + + – – + – + + + – – – – – + – – – + + – + – + + – – + – – + – + – – + + + – + + + + + – – – + – – + + + – + + + + + – – – + – + + + – – – – – + – – – + + – + – + + – – + – + – – + – – – + + – + – + + – – + – – + – + – – + + + – + + + + + – – – + – + + + – – – – – – + + + – + + + + + – – – + – + + + – – – – – + – – – + + – + – + + – – + – – + + – – – + – + – – + + + – + + + + + – – – + – + + + – – – – – + – – – + + – + – + + – + – – – + – – – + + – + – + + – – + – – + – + – – + + + – + + + + + – – – + – + + + – – – – – – + + – + – + + – – + – – + – + – – + + + – + + + + + – – – + – + + + – – – – + – – – – + – – – + + – + – + + – – + – – + – + – – + + + – + + + + + – – – + – + + + – P.B.48 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – + – + + – – – – + – – – – – + + + – + + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – + – + + – – – – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – – + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – + – + + – – – – + – – – – – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – + – + + – – – – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – – + – + – + + – – – – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + 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– – – – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + – + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – + – + + – – – – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + – – – – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + – + – + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – + – + + – – – – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – – + – + – + + – – – – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – + – + – + – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – + – + + – – – – – + – – – – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – + – + – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – + – + + – – – – + – – – – – + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – + – + + – – – – + – – – – + – + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – + – + + – – – – + – – – – – + + + + + – + + – + + – – – + – + – + + – – – – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – + – + + – – – – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + + – + – + + – – – + – + – + + – – – – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – + – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – + – + + – – – – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + – – – – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – + – + + – – – – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – – + – + – + + – – – – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + + – + – – – – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – + + – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – + – + + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – + – + + – – – – + – – – – – + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – + – + + – – – – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + + – – + + – – – – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + + – – + – + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – + – + + – – – – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – + – – + – + + – – – – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – + – – + – + – + + – – – – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – + – + + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – + – + + – – – – + – – – – – + + – + + – – – + – + – + + – – – – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – + – – – + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – + – + + – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – + – + + – – – – + – – – – – – – + + + + – + + + + – – + – + – + + + – – + – – + + – + + – – – + – + – + + – – – + 3724: 1413: 3710: 3748: 3736: 953: 818: 745: 760: 810:. For example, 13 variables averaging 3 values each could have well over a million combinations to search. To estimate the 105 parameters in a quadratic model of 13 variables, one must formally exclude from consideration or compute |X'X| for well over 10C10, i.e. 3C105, or roughly 10 matrices. 768: 728: 805: 61: 957: 730: 941: 761: 2845: 42: 3350: 987: 3500: 710: 3124: 1765: 1312: 2898: 3337: 17: 884: 1760: 1460: 2364: 1512: 1336: 49:. Their goal was to find experimental designs for investigating the dependence of some measured quantity on a number of 3147: 3039: 1387: 1225: 1134: 980: 807: 3752: 3325: 3199: 3383: 3044: 2789: 2160: 1750: 1400: 1108: 1094: 705: 3774: 3434: 2646: 2453: 2342: 2300: 1405: 937: 2374: 717:. Plackett and Burman give specifics for designs having a number of experiments equal to the number of levels 3677: 2636: 1539: 762: 749: 3228: 3177: 3162: 3152: 3021: 2893: 2860: 2686: 2641: 2471: 1306: 1271: 1203: 1059: 973: 714: 3740: 3572: 3373: 3297: 2598: 2352: 2021: 1485: 1427: 1376: 1288: 899: 753: 687: 702: 3457: 3429: 3424: 3172: 2931: 2837: 2817: 2725: 2436: 2254: 1737: 1609: 1184: 3189: 2957: 2678: 2603: 2532: 2461: 2381: 2369: 2239: 2227: 2220: 1928: 1649: 3672: 3439: 3302: 2987: 2952: 2916: 2701: 2143: 2052: 2011: 1923: 1614: 1453: 1362: 1357: 1322: 1206: 1124: 1079: 1074: 855: 3581: 3194: 3134: 3071: 2709: 2693: 2431: 2293: 2283: 2133: 2047: 1330: 3619: 3549: 3342: 3279: 3034: 2921: 1918: 1815: 1722: 1601: 1500: 1317: 1293: 1237: 1179: 3644: 3586: 3529: 3355: 3248: 3157: 2883: 2767: 2626: 2618: 2508: 2500: 2315: 2211: 2189: 2148: 2113: 2080: 2026: 2001: 1956: 1895: 1855: 1657: 1480: 1422: 1266: 1166: 1140: 1119: 1099: 1036: 1019: 996: 3567: 3142: 3091: 3067: 3029: 2947: 2926: 2878: 2757: 2735: 2704: 2613: 2490: 2441: 2359: 2332: 2288: 2244: 2006: 1782: 1662: 1282: 1220: 1214: 50: 8: 3714: 3639: 3562: 3243: 3007: 3000: 2962: 2870: 2850: 2822: 2555: 2421: 2416: 2406: 2398: 2216: 2177: 2067: 2057: 1966: 1745: 1701: 1619: 1544: 1446: 1382: 1347: 1256: 34: 877: 3728: 3539: 3393: 3289: 3238: 3114: 3011: 2995: 2972: 2749: 2483: 2466: 2426: 2337: 2232: 2194: 2165: 2125: 2085: 2031: 1948: 1634: 1629: 1417: 1024: 906: 651: 46: 3723: 3634: 3604: 3596: 3416: 3407: 3332: 3263: 3119: 3104: 3079: 2967: 2908: 2774: 2762: 2388: 2305: 2249: 2172: 2016: 1938: 1717: 1591: 1412: 1174: 1161: 1151: 1064: 1041: 1033: 1029: 1004: 901: 880: 659: 38: 91:, each combination ( −−, −+, +−, ++) appears three – i.e. the same number of times. 3659: 3614: 3378: 3365: 3258: 3233: 3167: 3099: 2977: 2585: 2478: 2411: 2324: 2271: 2090: 1961: 1755: 1639: 1554: 1521: 1352: 1046: 840: 835: 706: 75: 3576: 3320: 3182: 3109: 2784: 2658: 2631: 2608: 2577: 2204: 2199: 2153: 1883: 1534: 1368: 1298: 1251: 663: 3066: 3525: 3520: 1983: 1913: 1559: 1054: 844: 752: 3768: 3682: 3649: 3512: 3473: 3284: 3253: 2717: 2671: 2276: 1978: 1805: 1569: 1564: 1192: 1069: 923: 655: 3624: 3557: 3534: 3449: 2779: 2075: 1973: 1908: 1850: 1835: 1772: 1727: 1342: 757: 698: = 12, 20, 24, 28, 36 …). If one is trying to estimate less than 3667: 3629: 3312: 3213: 3075: 2888: 2855: 2347: 2264: 2259: 1903: 1860: 1840: 1820: 1810: 1579: 1198: 1129: 1114: 1084: 734: 965: 910: 82: 78: 2513: 1993: 1693: 1624: 1574: 1549: 1469: 1014: 2666: 2518: 2138: 1933: 1845: 1830: 1825: 1790: 1146: 74:, throughout all the experimental runs (refer to table). A complete 2182: 1800: 1677: 1672: 1667: 862: 58: 3687: 3388: 686: 674: 3609: 2590: 2564: 2544: 1795: 1586: 936: 813: 666:). Paley's method could be used to find such matrices of size 1438: 921: 1529: 858: 874: 765: 961: 3351: 2813: 690:, so Plackett–Burman designs are mostly used when 942:Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute 3766: 2899:Multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) 962:National Institute of Standards and Technology 875:Ledolter, Johannes; Swersey, Arthur J (2007). 694:is a multiple of 4 but not a power of 2 (i.e. 650: = 2), Plackett and Burman used the 1454: 981: 814:4 to 48 runs, sorted to show half-fractions 1499: 1461: 1447: 988: 974: 2112: 995: 773:columns assigned to categorical variable 57:levels, in such a way as to minimize the 662:whose elements are all either 1 or −1 ( 14: 3767: 3425:Kaplan–Meier estimator (product limit) 3498: 3065: 2812: 2111: 1881: 1498: 1442: 969: 3735: 3435:Accelerated failure time (AFT) model 3747: 3030:Analysis of variance (ANOVA, anova) 1882: 1337:Generalized randomized block design 24: 3125:Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel statistics 1751:Pearson product-moment correlation 865:e-Handbook of Statistical Methods. 25: 3786: 1388:Sequential probability ratio test 3746: 3734: 3722: 3709: 3708: 3499: 1411: 1313:Polynomial and rational modeling 956: This article incorporates 951: 740: 3384:Least-squares spectral analysis 781: = 1 + int( 2365:Mean-unbiased minimum-variance 1468: 1080:Replication versus subsampling 930: 915: 893: 868: 849: 839:33 (4), pp. 305–25, June 1946 829: 13: 1: 3678:Geographic information system 2894:Simultaneous equations models 879:. Stanford University Press. 822: 777:and following columns, where 45:while working in the British 2861:Coefficient of determination 2472:Uniformly most powerful test 1307:Response surface methodology 1215:Analysis of variance (Anova) 715:Indian Statistical Institute 646:For the case of two levels ( 7: 3430:Proportional hazards models 3374:Spectral density estimation 3356:Vector autoregression (VAR) 2790:Maximum posterior estimator 2022:Randomized controlled trial 1377:Randomized controlled trial 721:to some integer power, for 688:fractional factorial design 80: 27:Type of experimental design 10: 3791: 3190:Multivariate distributions 1610:Average absolute deviation 3704: 3658: 3595: 3548: 3511: 3507: 3494: 3466: 3448: 3415: 3406: 3364: 3311: 3272: 3221: 3212: 3178:Structural equation model 3133: 3090: 3086: 3061: 3020: 2986: 2940: 2907: 2869: 2836: 2832: 2808: 2748: 2657: 2576: 2540: 2531: 2514:Score/Lagrange multiplier 2499: 2452: 2397: 2323: 2314: 2124: 2120: 2107: 2066: 2040: 1992: 1947: 1929:Sample size determination 1894: 1890: 1877: 1781: 1736: 1710: 1692: 1648: 1600: 1520: 1511: 1507: 1494: 1476: 1396: 1265: 1160: 1093: 1003: 793:) + 0.00001)), 3673:Environmental statistics 3195:Elliptical distributions 2988:Generalized linear model 2917:Simple linear regression 2687:Hodges–Lehmann estimator 2144:Probability distribution 2053:Stochastic approximation 1615:Coefficient of variation 1363:Repeated measures design 1075:Restricted randomization 3333:Cross-correlation (XCF) 2941:Non-standard predictors 2375:Lehmann–Scheffé theorem 2048:Adaptive clinical trial 856:Plackett–Burman designs 845:10.1093/biomet/33.4.305 70:of factors appears the 53:(factors), each taking 31:Plackett–Burman designs 3729:Mathematics portal 3550:Engineering statistics 3458:Nelson–Aalen estimator 3035:Analysis of covariance 2922:Ordinary least squares 2846:Pearson product-moment 2250:Statistical functional 2161:Empirical distribution 1994:Controlled experiments 1723:Frequency distribution 1501:Descriptive statistics 1418:Mathematics portal 1180:Ordinary least squares 958:public domain material 938:Supersaturated Designs 18:Plackett-Burman design 3775:Design of experiments 3645:Population statistics 3587:System identification 3321:Autocorrelation (ACF) 3249:Exponential smoothing 3163:Discriminant analysis 3158:Canonical correlation 3022:Partition of variance 2884:Regression validation 2728:(Jonckheere–Terpstra) 2627:Likelihood-ratio test 2316:Frequentist inference 2228:Location–scale family 2149:Sampling distribution 2114:Statistical inference 2081:Cross-sectional study 2068:Observational studies 2027:Randomized experiment 1856:Stem-and-leaf display 1658:Central limit theorem 1015:Scientific experiment 997:Design of experiments 754:fractional factorials 51:independent variables 37:presented in 1946 by 3568:Probabilistic design 3153:Principal components 2996:Exponential families 2948:Nonlinear regression 2927:General linear model 2889:Mixed effects models 2879:Errors and residuals 2856:Confounding variable 2758:Bayesian probability 2736:Van der Waerden test 2726:Ordered alternative 2491:Multiple comparisons 2370:Rao–Blackwellization 2333:Estimating equations 2289:Statistical distance 2007:Factorial experiment 1540:Arithmetic-Geometric 1289:Fractional factorial 682: = 92. If 72:same number of times 35:experimental designs 3640:Official statistics 3563:Methods engineering 3244:Seasonal adjustment 3012:Poisson regressions 2932:Bayesian regression 2871:Regression analysis 2851:Partial correlation 2823:Regression analysis 2422:Prediction interval 2417:Likelihood interval 2407:Confidence interval 2399:Interval estimation 2360:Unbiased estimators 2178:Model specification 2058:Up-and-down designs 1746:Partial correlation 1702:Index of dispersion 1620:Interquartile range 1423:Statistical outline 1383:Sequential analysis 1348:Graeco-Latin square 1257:Multiple comparison 1204:Hierarchical model: 660:orthogonal matrices 92: 3660:Spatial statistics 3540:Medical statistics 3440:First hitting time 3394:Whittle likelihood 3045:Degrees of freedom 3040:Multivariate ANOVA 2973:Heteroscedasticity 2785:Bayesian estimator 2750:Bayesian inference 2599:Kolmogorov–Smirnov 2484:Randomization test 2454:Testing hypotheses 2427:Tolerance interval 2338:Maximum likelihood 2233:Exponential family 2166:Density estimation 2126:Statistical theory 2086:Natural experiment 2032:Scientific control 1949:Survey methodology 1635:Standard deviation 1428:Statistical topics 1020:Statistical design 81: 66:of levels for any 47:Ministry of Supply 3762: 3761: 3700: 3699: 3696: 3695: 3635:National accounts 3605:Actuarial science 3597:Social statistics 3490: 3489: 3486: 3485: 3482: 3481: 3417:Survival function 3402: 3401: 3264:Granger causality 3105:Contingency table 3080:Survival analysis 3057: 3056: 3053: 3052: 2909:Linear regression 2804: 2803: 2800: 2799: 2775:Credible interval 2744: 2743: 2527: 2526: 2343:Method of moments 2212:Parametric family 2173:Statistical model 2103: 2102: 2099: 2098: 2017:Random assignment 1939:Statistical power 1873: 1872: 1869: 1868: 1718:Contingency table 1688: 1687: 1555:Generalized/power 1436: 1435: 1323:Central composite 1221:Cochran's theorem 1175:Linear regression 1152:Nuisance variable 1065:Random assignment 1042:Experimental unit 944:, 18 October 2011 886:978-0-8047-5612-9 797:= row number and 758:incomplete blocks 725:= 3, 4, 5, or 7. 678:up to 100 except 664:Hadamard matrices 654:found in 1933 by 644: 643: 39:Robin L. Plackett 16:(Redirected from 3782: 3750: 3749: 3738: 3737: 3727: 3726: 3712: 3711: 3615:Crime statistics 3509: 3508: 3496: 3495: 3413: 3412: 3379:Fourier analysis 3366:Frequency domain 3346: 3293: 3259:Structural break 3219: 3218: 3168:Cluster analysis 3115:Log-linear model 3088: 3087: 3063: 3062: 3004: 2978:Homoscedasticity 2834: 2833: 2810: 2809: 2729: 2721: 2713: 2712:(Kruskal–Wallis) 2697: 2682: 2637:Cross validation 2622: 2604:Anderson–Darling 2551: 2538: 2537: 2509:Likelihood-ratio 2501:Parametric tests 2479:Permutation test 2462:1- & 2-tails 2353:Minimum distance 2325:Point estimation 2321: 2320: 2272:Optimal decision 2223: 2122: 2121: 2109: 2108: 2091:Quasi-experiment 2041:Adaptive designs 1892: 1891: 1879: 1878: 1756:Rank correlation 1518: 1517: 1509: 1508: 1496: 1495: 1463: 1456: 1449: 1440: 1439: 1416: 1415: 1353:Orthogonal array 990: 983: 976: 967: 966: 955: 954: 945: 934: 928: 919: 913: 897: 891: 890: 872: 866: 853: 847: 833: 707:Raj Chandra Bose 93: 76:factorial design 64:each combination 21: 3790: 3789: 3785: 3784: 3783: 3781: 3780: 3779: 3765: 3764: 3763: 3758: 3721: 3692: 3654: 3591: 3577:quality control 3544: 3526:Clinical trials 3503: 3478: 3462: 3450:Hazard function 3444: 3398: 3360: 3344: 3307: 3303:Breusch–Godfrey 3291: 3268: 3208: 3183:Factor analysis 3129: 3110:Graphical model 3082: 3049: 3016: 3002: 2982: 2936: 2903: 2865: 2828: 2827: 2796: 2740: 2727: 2719: 2711: 2695: 2680: 2659:Rank statistics 2653: 2632:Model selection 2620: 2578:Goodness of fit 2572: 2549: 2523: 2495: 2448: 2393: 2382:Median unbiased 2310: 2221: 2154:Order statistic 2116: 2095: 2062: 2036: 1988: 1943: 1886: 1884:Data collection 1865: 1777: 1732: 1706: 1684: 1644: 1596: 1513:Continuous data 1503: 1490: 1472: 1467: 1437: 1432: 1410: 1392: 1369:Crossover study 1360: 1358:Latin hypercube 1294:Plackett–Burman 1273: 1270: 1269: 1261: 1164: 1156: 1097: 1089: 1006: 999: 994: 952: 949: 948: 935: 931: 920: 916: 898: 894: 887: 873: 869: 854: 850: 834: 830: 825: 820: 816: 743: 658:for generating 184: 176: 168: 160: 152: 144: 136: 128: 120: 112: 104: 90: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 3788: 3778: 3777: 3760: 3759: 3757: 3756: 3744: 3732: 3718: 3705: 3702: 3701: 3698: 3697: 3694: 3693: 3691: 3690: 3685: 3680: 3675: 3670: 3664: 3662: 3656: 3655: 3653: 3652: 3647: 3642: 3637: 3632: 3627: 3622: 3617: 3612: 3607: 3601: 3599: 3593: 3592: 3590: 3589: 3584: 3579: 3570: 3565: 3560: 3554: 3552: 3546: 3545: 3543: 3542: 3537: 3532: 3523: 3521:Bioinformatics 3517: 3515: 3505: 3504: 3492: 3491: 3488: 3487: 3484: 3483: 3480: 3479: 3477: 3476: 3470: 3468: 3464: 3463: 3461: 3460: 3454: 3452: 3446: 3445: 3443: 3442: 3437: 3432: 3427: 3421: 3419: 3410: 3404: 3403: 3400: 3399: 3397: 3396: 3391: 3386: 3381: 3376: 3370: 3368: 3362: 3361: 3359: 3358: 3353: 3348: 3340: 3335: 3330: 3329: 3328: 3326:partial (PACF) 3317: 3315: 3309: 3308: 3306: 3305: 3300: 3295: 3287: 3282: 3276: 3274: 3273:Specific tests 3270: 3269: 3267: 3266: 3261: 3256: 3251: 3246: 3241: 3236: 3231: 3225: 3223: 3216: 3210: 3209: 3207: 3206: 3205: 3204: 3203: 3202: 3187: 3186: 3185: 3175: 3173:Classification 3170: 3165: 3160: 3155: 3150: 3145: 3139: 3137: 3131: 3130: 3128: 3127: 3122: 3120:McNemar's test 3117: 3112: 3107: 3102: 3096: 3094: 3084: 3083: 3059: 3058: 3055: 3054: 3051: 3050: 3048: 3047: 3042: 3037: 3032: 3026: 3024: 3018: 3017: 3015: 3014: 2998: 2992: 2990: 2984: 2983: 2981: 2980: 2975: 2970: 2965: 2960: 2958:Semiparametric 2955: 2950: 2944: 2942: 2938: 2937: 2935: 2934: 2929: 2924: 2919: 2913: 2911: 2905: 2904: 2902: 2901: 2896: 2891: 2886: 2881: 2875: 2873: 2867: 2866: 2864: 2863: 2858: 2853: 2848: 2842: 2840: 2830: 2829: 2826: 2825: 2820: 2814: 2806: 2805: 2802: 2801: 2798: 2797: 2795: 2794: 2793: 2792: 2782: 2777: 2772: 2771: 2770: 2765: 2754: 2752: 2746: 2745: 2742: 2741: 2739: 2738: 2733: 2732: 2731: 2723: 2715: 2699: 2696:(Mann–Whitney) 2691: 2690: 2689: 2676: 2675: 2674: 2663: 2661: 2655: 2654: 2652: 2651: 2650: 2649: 2644: 2639: 2629: 2624: 2621:(Shapiro–Wilk) 2616: 2611: 2606: 2601: 2596: 2588: 2582: 2580: 2574: 2573: 2571: 2570: 2562: 2553: 2541: 2535: 2533:Specific tests 2529: 2528: 2525: 2524: 2522: 2521: 2516: 2511: 2505: 2503: 2497: 2496: 2494: 2493: 2488: 2487: 2486: 2476: 2475: 2474: 2464: 2458: 2456: 2450: 2449: 2447: 2446: 2445: 2444: 2439: 2429: 2424: 2419: 2414: 2409: 2403: 2401: 2395: 2394: 2392: 2391: 2386: 2385: 2384: 2379: 2378: 2377: 2372: 2357: 2356: 2355: 2350: 2345: 2340: 2329: 2327: 2318: 2312: 2311: 2309: 2308: 2303: 2298: 2297: 2296: 2286: 2281: 2280: 2279: 2269: 2268: 2267: 2262: 2257: 2247: 2242: 2237: 2236: 2235: 2230: 2225: 2209: 2208: 2207: 2202: 2197: 2187: 2186: 2185: 2180: 2170: 2169: 2168: 2158: 2157: 2156: 2146: 2141: 2136: 2130: 2128: 2118: 2117: 2105: 2104: 2101: 2100: 2097: 2096: 2094: 2093: 2088: 2083: 2078: 2072: 2070: 2064: 2063: 2061: 2060: 2055: 2050: 2044: 2042: 2038: 2037: 2035: 2034: 2029: 2024: 2019: 2014: 2009: 2004: 1998: 1996: 1990: 1989: 1987: 1986: 1984:Standard error 1981: 1976: 1971: 1970: 1969: 1964: 1953: 1951: 1945: 1944: 1942: 1941: 1936: 1931: 1926: 1921: 1916: 1914:Optimal design 1911: 1906: 1900: 1898: 1888: 1887: 1875: 1874: 1871: 1870: 1867: 1866: 1864: 1863: 1858: 1853: 1848: 1843: 1838: 1833: 1828: 1823: 1818: 1813: 1808: 1803: 1798: 1793: 1787: 1785: 1779: 1778: 1776: 1775: 1770: 1769: 1768: 1763: 1753: 1748: 1742: 1740: 1734: 1733: 1731: 1730: 1725: 1720: 1714: 1712: 1711:Summary tables 1708: 1707: 1705: 1704: 1698: 1696: 1690: 1689: 1686: 1685: 1683: 1682: 1681: 1680: 1675: 1670: 1660: 1654: 1652: 1646: 1645: 1643: 1642: 1637: 1632: 1627: 1622: 1617: 1612: 1606: 1604: 1598: 1597: 1595: 1594: 1589: 1584: 1583: 1582: 1577: 1572: 1567: 1562: 1557: 1552: 1547: 1545:Contraharmonic 1542: 1537: 1526: 1524: 1515: 1505: 1504: 1492: 1491: 1489: 1488: 1483: 1477: 1474: 1473: 1466: 1465: 1458: 1451: 1443: 1434: 1433: 1431: 1430: 1425: 1420: 1408: 1403: 1397: 1394: 1393: 1391: 1390: 1385: 1380: 1372: 1371: 1366: 1355: 1350: 1345: 1340: 1334: 1326: 1325: 1320: 1315: 1310: 1302: 1301: 1296: 1291: 1286: 1278: 1276: 1263: 1262: 1260: 1259: 1254: 1248: 1247: 1235: 1223: 1218: 1210: 1209: 1201: 1196: 1188: 1187: 1182: 1177: 1171: 1169: 1158: 1157: 1155: 1154: 1149: 1144: 1137: 1132: 1127: 1122: 1117: 1112: 1104: 1102: 1091: 1090: 1088: 1087: 1082: 1077: 1072: 1067: 1062: 1055:Optimal design 1050: 1049: 1044: 1039: 1027: 1022: 1017: 1011: 1009: 1001: 1000: 993: 992: 985: 978: 970: 947: 946: 929: 914: 892: 885: 867: 848: 827: 826: 824: 821: 817: 815: 812: 742: 739: 642: 641: 638: 635: 632: 629: 626: 623: 620: 617: 614: 611: 608: 604: 603: 600: 597: 594: 591: 588: 585: 582: 579: 576: 573: 570: 566: 565: 562: 559: 556: 553: 550: 547: 544: 541: 538: 535: 532: 528: 527: 524: 521: 518: 515: 512: 509: 506: 503: 500: 497: 494: 490: 489: 486: 483: 480: 477: 474: 471: 468: 465: 462: 459: 456: 452: 451: 448: 445: 442: 439: 436: 433: 430: 427: 424: 421: 418: 414: 413: 410: 407: 404: 401: 398: 395: 392: 389: 386: 383: 380: 376: 375: 372: 369: 366: 363: 360: 357: 354: 351: 348: 345: 342: 338: 337: 334: 331: 328: 325: 322: 319: 316: 313: 310: 307: 304: 300: 299: 296: 293: 290: 287: 284: 281: 278: 275: 272: 269: 266: 262: 261: 258: 255: 252: 249: 246: 243: 240: 237: 234: 231: 228: 224: 223: 220: 217: 214: 211: 208: 205: 202: 199: 196: 193: 190: 186: 185: 182: 177: 174: 169: 166: 161: 158: 153: 150: 145: 142: 137: 134: 129: 126: 121: 118: 113: 110: 105: 102: 97: 86: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3787: 3776: 3773: 3772: 3770: 3755: 3754: 3745: 3743: 3742: 3733: 3731: 3730: 3725: 3719: 3717: 3716: 3707: 3706: 3703: 3689: 3686: 3684: 3683:Geostatistics 3681: 3679: 3676: 3674: 3671: 3669: 3666: 3665: 3663: 3661: 3657: 3651: 3650:Psychometrics 3648: 3646: 3643: 3641: 3638: 3636: 3633: 3631: 3628: 3626: 3623: 3621: 3618: 3616: 3613: 3611: 3608: 3606: 3603: 3602: 3600: 3598: 3594: 3588: 3585: 3583: 3580: 3578: 3574: 3571: 3569: 3566: 3564: 3561: 3559: 3556: 3555: 3553: 3551: 3547: 3541: 3538: 3536: 3533: 3531: 3527: 3524: 3522: 3519: 3518: 3516: 3514: 3513:Biostatistics 3510: 3506: 3502: 3497: 3493: 3475: 3474:Log-rank test 3472: 3471: 3469: 3465: 3459: 3456: 3455: 3453: 3451: 3447: 3441: 3438: 3436: 3433: 3431: 3428: 3426: 3423: 3422: 3420: 3418: 3414: 3411: 3409: 3405: 3395: 3392: 3390: 3387: 3385: 3382: 3380: 3377: 3375: 3372: 3371: 3369: 3367: 3363: 3357: 3354: 3352: 3349: 3347: 3345:(Box–Jenkins) 3341: 3339: 3336: 3334: 3331: 3327: 3324: 3323: 3322: 3319: 3318: 3316: 3314: 3310: 3304: 3301: 3299: 3298:Durbin–Watson 3296: 3294: 3288: 3286: 3283: 3281: 3280:Dickey–Fuller 3278: 3277: 3275: 3271: 3265: 3262: 3260: 3257: 3255: 3254:Cointegration 3252: 3250: 3247: 3245: 3242: 3240: 3237: 3235: 3232: 3230: 3229:Decomposition 3227: 3226: 3224: 3220: 3217: 3215: 3211: 3201: 3198: 3197: 3196: 3193: 3192: 3191: 3188: 3184: 3181: 3180: 3179: 3176: 3174: 3171: 3169: 3166: 3164: 3161: 3159: 3156: 3154: 3151: 3149: 3146: 3144: 3141: 3140: 3138: 3136: 3132: 3126: 3123: 3121: 3118: 3116: 3113: 3111: 3108: 3106: 3103: 3101: 3100:Cohen's kappa 3098: 3097: 3095: 3093: 3089: 3085: 3081: 3077: 3073: 3069: 3064: 3060: 3046: 3043: 3041: 3038: 3036: 3033: 3031: 3028: 3027: 3025: 3023: 3019: 3013: 3009: 3005: 2999: 2997: 2994: 2993: 2991: 2989: 2985: 2979: 2976: 2974: 2971: 2969: 2966: 2964: 2961: 2959: 2956: 2954: 2953:Nonparametric 2951: 2949: 2946: 2945: 2943: 2939: 2933: 2930: 2928: 2925: 2923: 2920: 2918: 2915: 2914: 2912: 2910: 2906: 2900: 2897: 2895: 2892: 2890: 2887: 2885: 2882: 2880: 2877: 2876: 2874: 2872: 2868: 2862: 2859: 2857: 2854: 2852: 2849: 2847: 2844: 2843: 2841: 2839: 2835: 2831: 2824: 2821: 2819: 2816: 2815: 2811: 2807: 2791: 2788: 2787: 2786: 2783: 2781: 2778: 2776: 2773: 2769: 2766: 2764: 2761: 2760: 2759: 2756: 2755: 2753: 2751: 2747: 2737: 2734: 2730: 2724: 2722: 2716: 2714: 2708: 2707: 2706: 2703: 2702:Nonparametric 2700: 2698: 2692: 2688: 2685: 2684: 2683: 2677: 2673: 2672:Sample median 2670: 2669: 2668: 2665: 2664: 2662: 2660: 2656: 2648: 2645: 2643: 2640: 2638: 2635: 2634: 2633: 2630: 2628: 2625: 2623: 2617: 2615: 2612: 2610: 2607: 2605: 2602: 2600: 2597: 2595: 2593: 2589: 2587: 2584: 2583: 2581: 2579: 2575: 2569: 2567: 2563: 2561: 2559: 2554: 2552: 2547: 2543: 2542: 2539: 2536: 2534: 2530: 2520: 2517: 2515: 2512: 2510: 2507: 2506: 2504: 2502: 2498: 2492: 2489: 2485: 2482: 2481: 2480: 2477: 2473: 2470: 2469: 2468: 2465: 2463: 2460: 2459: 2457: 2455: 2451: 2443: 2440: 2438: 2435: 2434: 2433: 2430: 2428: 2425: 2423: 2420: 2418: 2415: 2413: 2410: 2408: 2405: 2404: 2402: 2400: 2396: 2390: 2387: 2383: 2380: 2376: 2373: 2371: 2368: 2367: 2366: 2363: 2362: 2361: 2358: 2354: 2351: 2349: 2346: 2344: 2341: 2339: 2336: 2335: 2334: 2331: 2330: 2328: 2326: 2322: 2319: 2317: 2313: 2307: 2304: 2302: 2299: 2295: 2292: 2291: 2290: 2287: 2285: 2282: 2278: 2277:loss function 2275: 2274: 2273: 2270: 2266: 2263: 2261: 2258: 2256: 2253: 2252: 2251: 2248: 2246: 2243: 2241: 2238: 2234: 2231: 2229: 2226: 2224: 2218: 2215: 2214: 2213: 2210: 2206: 2203: 2201: 2198: 2196: 2193: 2192: 2191: 2188: 2184: 2181: 2179: 2176: 2175: 2174: 2171: 2167: 2164: 2163: 2162: 2159: 2155: 2152: 2151: 2150: 2147: 2145: 2142: 2140: 2137: 2135: 2132: 2131: 2129: 2127: 2123: 2119: 2115: 2110: 2106: 2092: 2089: 2087: 2084: 2082: 2079: 2077: 2074: 2073: 2071: 2069: 2065: 2059: 2056: 2054: 2051: 2049: 2046: 2045: 2043: 2039: 2033: 2030: 2028: 2025: 2023: 2020: 2018: 2015: 2013: 2010: 2008: 2005: 2003: 2000: 1999: 1997: 1995: 1991: 1985: 1982: 1980: 1979:Questionnaire 1977: 1975: 1972: 1968: 1965: 1963: 1960: 1959: 1958: 1955: 1954: 1952: 1950: 1946: 1940: 1937: 1935: 1932: 1930: 1927: 1925: 1922: 1920: 1917: 1915: 1912: 1910: 1907: 1905: 1902: 1901: 1899: 1897: 1893: 1889: 1885: 1880: 1876: 1862: 1859: 1857: 1854: 1852: 1849: 1847: 1844: 1842: 1839: 1837: 1834: 1832: 1829: 1827: 1824: 1822: 1819: 1817: 1814: 1812: 1809: 1807: 1806:Control chart 1804: 1802: 1799: 1797: 1794: 1792: 1789: 1788: 1786: 1784: 1780: 1774: 1771: 1767: 1764: 1762: 1759: 1758: 1757: 1754: 1752: 1749: 1747: 1744: 1743: 1741: 1739: 1735: 1729: 1726: 1724: 1721: 1719: 1716: 1715: 1713: 1709: 1703: 1700: 1699: 1697: 1695: 1691: 1679: 1676: 1674: 1671: 1669: 1666: 1665: 1664: 1661: 1659: 1656: 1655: 1653: 1651: 1647: 1641: 1638: 1636: 1633: 1631: 1628: 1626: 1623: 1621: 1618: 1616: 1613: 1611: 1608: 1607: 1605: 1603: 1599: 1593: 1590: 1588: 1585: 1581: 1578: 1576: 1573: 1571: 1568: 1566: 1563: 1561: 1558: 1556: 1553: 1551: 1548: 1546: 1543: 1541: 1538: 1536: 1533: 1532: 1531: 1528: 1527: 1525: 1523: 1519: 1516: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1497: 1493: 1487: 1484: 1482: 1479: 1478: 1475: 1471: 1464: 1459: 1457: 1452: 1450: 1445: 1444: 1441: 1429: 1426: 1424: 1421: 1419: 1414: 1409: 1407: 1404: 1402: 1399: 1398: 1395: 1389: 1386: 1384: 1381: 1379: 1378: 1374: 1373: 1370: 1367: 1365: 1364: 1359: 1356: 1354: 1351: 1349: 1346: 1344: 1341: 1338: 1335: 1333: 1332: 1328: 1327: 1324: 1321: 1319: 1316: 1314: 1311: 1309: 1308: 1304: 1303: 1300: 1297: 1295: 1292: 1290: 1287: 1285: 1284: 1280: 1279: 1277: 1275: 1268: 1264: 1258: 1255: 1253: 1252:Compare means 1250: 1249: 1246: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1234: 1232: 1228: 1224: 1222: 1219: 1217: 1216: 1212: 1211: 1208: 1205: 1202: 1200: 1197: 1195: 1194: 1193:Random effect 1190: 1189: 1186: 1183: 1181: 1178: 1176: 1173: 1172: 1170: 1168: 1163: 1159: 1153: 1150: 1148: 1145: 1143: 1142: 1138: 1136: 1135:Orthogonality 1133: 1131: 1128: 1126: 1123: 1121: 1118: 1116: 1113: 1111: 1110: 1106: 1105: 1103: 1101: 1096: 1092: 1086: 1083: 1081: 1078: 1076: 1073: 1071: 1070:Randomization 1068: 1066: 1063: 1061: 1057: 1056: 1052: 1051: 1048: 1045: 1043: 1040: 1038: 1035: 1031: 1028: 1026: 1023: 1021: 1018: 1016: 1013: 1012: 1010: 1008: 1002: 998: 991: 986: 984: 979: 977: 972: 971: 968: 964: 963: 960:from the 959: 943: 939: 933: 926: 925: 924:Technometrics 918: 912: 908: 905:5, 21 (1940) 904: 903: 896: 888: 882: 878: 871: 864: 860: 857: 852: 846: 842: 838: 832: 828: 811: 809: 804: 800: 796: 792: 788: 784: 780: 776: 772: 766: 764: 759: 755: 751: 747: 741:Extended uses 738: 736: 732: 726: 724: 720: 716: 712: 708: 703: 701: 697: 693: 689: 685: 681: 677: 673: 669: 665: 661: 657: 656:Raymond Paley 653: 649: 639: 636: 633: 630: 627: 624: 621: 618: 615: 612: 609: 606: 605: 601: 598: 595: 592: 589: 586: 583: 580: 577: 574: 571: 568: 567: 563: 560: 557: 554: 551: 548: 545: 542: 539: 536: 533: 530: 529: 525: 522: 519: 516: 513: 510: 507: 504: 501: 498: 495: 492: 491: 487: 484: 481: 478: 475: 472: 469: 466: 463: 460: 457: 454: 453: 449: 446: 443: 440: 437: 434: 431: 428: 425: 422: 419: 416: 415: 411: 408: 405: 402: 399: 396: 393: 390: 387: 384: 381: 378: 377: 373: 370: 367: 364: 361: 358: 355: 352: 349: 346: 343: 340: 339: 335: 332: 329: 326: 323: 320: 317: 314: 311: 308: 305: 302: 301: 297: 294: 291: 288: 285: 282: 279: 276: 273: 270: 267: 264: 263: 259: 256: 253: 250: 247: 244: 241: 238: 235: 232: 229: 226: 225: 221: 218: 215: 212: 209: 206: 203: 200: 197: 194: 191: 188: 187: 181: 178: 173: 170: 165: 162: 157: 154: 149: 146: 141: 138: 133: 130: 125: 122: 117: 114: 109: 106: 101: 98: 95: 94: 89: 85: 79: 77: 73: 69: 65: 60: 56: 52: 48: 44: 40: 36: 32: 19: 3751: 3739: 3720: 3713: 3625:Econometrics 3575: / 3558:Chemometrics 3535:Epidemiology 3528: / 3501:Applications 3343:ARIMA model 3290:Q-statistic 3239:Stationarity 3135:Multivariate 3078: / 3074: / 3072:Multivariate 3070: / 3010: / 3006: / 2780:Bayes factor 2679:Signed rank 2591: 2565: 2557: 2545: 2240:Completeness 2076:Cohort study 1974:Opinion poll 1909:Missing data 1896:Study design 1851:Scatter plot 1773:Scatter plot 1766:Spearman's ρ 1728:Grouped data 1375: 1361: 1343:Latin square 1329: 1305: 1281: 1242: 1238: 1231:multivariate 1230: 1226: 1213: 1191: 1139: 1107: 1053: 950: 932: 922: 917: 900: 895: 876: 870: 851: 836: 831: 808:D-optimality 802: 798: 794: 790: 786: 782: 778: 774: 770: 767: 763:axial points 748: 744: 727: 722: 718: 704: 699: 695: 691: 683: 679: 675: 671: 667: 647: 645: 179: 171: 163: 155: 147: 139: 131: 123: 115: 107: 99: 87: 83: 71: 67: 63: 54: 43:J. P. Burman 30: 29: 3753:WikiProject 3668:Cartography 3630:Jurimetrics 3582:Reliability 3313:Time domain 3292:(Ljung–Box) 3214:Time-series 3092:Categorical 3076:Time-series 3068:Categorical 3003:(Bernoulli) 2838:Correlation 2818:Correlation 2614:Jarque–Bera 2586:Chi-squared 2348:M-estimator 2301:Asymptotics 2245:Sufficiency 2012:Interaction 1924:Replication 1904:Effect size 1861:Violin plot 1841:Radar chart 1821:Forest plot 1811:Correlogram 1761:Kendall's τ 1318:Box–Behnken 1199:Mixed model 1130:Confounding 1125:Interaction 1115:Effect size 1085:Sample size 750:Box–Behnken 735:confounding 3620:Demography 3338:ARMA model 3143:Regression 2720:(Friedman) 2681:(Wilcoxon) 2619:Normality 2609:Lilliefors 2556:Student's 2432:Resampling 2306:Robustness 2294:divergence 2284:Efficiency 2222:(monotone) 2217:Likelihood 2134:Population 1967:Stratified 1919:Population 1738:Dependence 1694:Count data 1625:Percentile 1602:Dispersion 1535:Arithmetic 1470:Statistics 1274:randomized 1272:Completely 1243:covariance 1005:Scientific 927:35, 28–31. 837:Biometrika 823:References 3001:Logistic 2768:posterior 2694:Rank sum 2442:Jackknife 2437:Bootstrap 2255:Bootstrap 2190:Parameter 2139:Statistic 1934:Statistic 1846:Run chart 1831:Pie chart 1826:Histogram 1816:Fan chart 1791:Bar chart 1673:L-moments 1560:Geometric 1283:Factorial 1167:inference 1147:Covariate 1109:Treatment 1095:Treatment 711:K. Kishen 670:for most 3769:Category 3715:Category 3408:Survival 3285:Johansen 3008:Binomial 2963:Isotonic 2550:(normal) 2195:location 2002:Blocking 1957:Sampling 1836:Q–Q plot 1801:Box plot 1783:Graphics 1678:Skewness 1668:Kurtosis 1640:Variance 1570:Heronian 1565:Harmonic 1406:Category 1401:Glossary 1207:Bayesian 1185:Bayesian 1141:Blocking 1120:Contrast 1100:blocking 1060:Bayesian 1047:Blinding 1037:validity 1034:external 1030:Internal 911:25047628 863:SEMATECH 731:aliasing 640:− 564:− 412:− 374:− 336:− 260:− 59:variance 3741:Commons 3688:Kriging 3573:Process 3530:studies 3389:Wavelet 3222:General 2389:Plug-in 2183:L space 1962:Cluster 1663:Moments 1481:Outline 1299:Taguchi 1267:Designs 1025:Control 902:Sankhya 746:exist. 713:at the 637:− 631:− 628:− 625:− 613:− 599:− 596:− 590:− 587:− 584:− 572:− 558:− 555:− 549:− 546:− 543:− 523:− 517:− 514:− 508:− 505:− 502:− 482:− 476:− 473:− 467:− 464:− 461:− 441:− 435:− 432:− 426:− 423:− 420:− 400:− 394:− 391:− 385:− 382:− 371:− 359:− 353:− 350:− 344:− 333:− 330:− 318:− 312:− 309:− 295:− 292:− 289:− 277:− 271:− 268:− 254:− 251:− 248:− 236:− 230:− 3610:Census 3200:Normal 3148:Manova 2968:Robust 2718:2-way 2710:1-way 2548:-test 2219:  1796:Biplot 1587:Median 1580:Lehmer 1522:Center 1339:(GRBD) 1239:Ancova 1227:Manova 1162:Models 1007:method 909:  883:  789:/(max( 652:method 3234:Trend 2763:prior 2705:anova 2594:-test 2568:-test 2560:-test 2467:Power 2412:Pivot 2205:shape 2200:scale 1650:Shape 1630:Range 1575:Heinz 1550:Cubic 1486:Index 1331:Block 907:JSTOR 3467:Test 2667:Sign 2519:Wald 1592:Mode 1530:Mean 1165:and 1098:and 1032:and 881:ISBN 859:NIST 756:and 709:and 68:pair 41:and 33:are 2647:BIC 2642:AIC 940:", 841:doi 803:A's 771:a-1 733:or 607:12 569:11 531:10 96:Run 3771:: 1058:: 801:= 737:. 602:+ 526:+ 493:9 488:+ 455:8 450:+ 417:7 379:6 341:5 303:4 298:+ 265:3 227:2 222:+ 189:1 183:11 175:10 2592:G 2566:F 2558:t 2546:Z 2265:V 2260:U 1462:e 1455:t 1448:v 1245:) 1241:( 1233:) 1229:( 989:e 982:t 975:v 889:. 861:/ 843:: 799:a 795:i 791:i 787:i 785:· 783:a 779:A 775:A 723:L 719:L 700:N 696:N 692:N 684:N 680:N 676:N 672:N 668:N 648:L 634:+ 622:+ 619:+ 616:+ 610:+ 593:+ 581:+ 578:+ 575:+ 561:+ 552:+ 540:+ 537:+ 534:+ 520:+ 511:+ 499:+ 496:+ 485:+ 479:+ 470:+ 458:+ 447:+ 444:+ 438:+ 429:+ 409:+ 406:+ 403:+ 397:+ 388:+ 368:+ 365:+ 362:+ 356:+ 347:+ 327:+ 324:+ 321:+ 315:+ 306:+ 286:+ 283:+ 280:+ 274:+ 257:+ 245:+ 242:+ 239:+ 233:+ 219:+ 216:+ 213:+ 210:+ 207:+ 204:+ 201:+ 198:+ 195:+ 192:+ 180:X 172:X 167:9 164:X 159:8 156:X 151:7 148:X 143:6 140:X 135:5 132:X 127:4 124:X 119:3 116:X 111:2 108:X 103:1 100:X 88:i 84:X 55:L 20:)