Phi Sigma Kappa - Knowledge

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house, the best social program, 'number one on campus' in intramurals, activities, etc. These are all frosting on the cake. A fraternity chapter that truly serves its purpose helps its members in their personal development. Thus I do not believe a chapter, that pledges students who are already top scholars and which wins a scholarship cup year in and year, outperforms any distinctive service. That chapter which pledges average students, however, and encourages them to develop their academic capabilities to the utmost, deserves the scholarship cup. The same is true of character. If we pledge only the most polished and mature individuals, there is little left for the chapter to do for these people. The fraternity can and should take average college students and help them develop their character, and help them learn to live together in brotherhood.

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to ensure the many surviving former Phi Sigma Epsilon chapters were fully integrated into the larger fraternity, and fully served. Several have had to be re-established, an effort that continues today. Aggressive risk management training has allowed Phi Sig to avoid, for the most part, headline-making news about hazing incidents. Key expansion targets and the return to long-established campuses where chapters have been lost have been another focus. While the fraternity has not lost sight of the attitude of its Founders to not seek bigness for its own sake, Phi Sigma Kappa's Grand Council affirmed a desire for purposeful expansion in the 1980s and 90s which has enhanced its ability to provide the programs and services expected of a strong international fraternity.

1893: 1491: 1234: 507:, Ontario, in 1903, and seventeen other units were added during the decade. Under Cutter's and Barrett's leadership, the national organization was strengthened, and work was begun among the alumni to support their continued interest in the fraternity after graduation. The Greek system's uniqueness among American organizations is based partly on this principle – the idea of continued involvement for members after their undergraduate days. Phi Sigma Kappa was one of the early leaders in such efforts and remains one of the strongest alumni-oriented groups. If Founder Brooks' assessment of its purpose is true, then there would be no end to the fraternity's influence on its members, and its role in their lives—another vital part of Phi Sig's heritage. 1371: 2222: 1314: 1577: 1963: 368:

stressed that these men were the best students in college." On March 15, 1873, the Founders met in secret. Brooks already had prepared a constitution and symbolism, and Hague had designed a ritual. The first meeting seemed destined to succeed, for the individuals all had done their work well. The ritual has been changed only six times since, and never drastically. The symbolism and esoteric structure have never been altered. Clay was elected president of the group—which for its first five years had no name. Its cryptic characters could not be pronounced, either, though Brooks recalled that outsiders referred to them as "T, double T, T upside-down."

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Nationally, chapters of all fraternities existing at the start of the new century were wooed into increasingly expansive building projects in the boom years leading up to the Great Depression. The economic downturn became the great leveler; chapters that had extended themselves beyond their means were felled by sharply reduced revenues and growing debt. Within Phi Sig, closely tied as it was to its graduates, alumni were called in to support weakened balance sheets on buildings the undergraduate population alone could no longer afford. In one famous but probably not unique case, chapter advisor

329:, was the setting for the founding of Phi Sigma Kappa. Among its other students in the early 1870s, it had attracted six men of varied backgrounds, ages, abilities, and goals in life who saw the need for a new and different kind of society on campus. Early members recalled that it was Henry Hague who suggested that, since the six were close and were not interested in either of the two local fraternities on campus, they create their own. The six sophomores, meeting in Old North Hall, banded together during the summer of 1873 to form a "society to promote morality, learning and social culture." 897:. Phi Sigma Kappa, although relatively strong both administratively and financially, was concentrated on the east and west coasts of the country. It was found that both organizations had similar rituals upon the report of a brother of Phi Sigma Epsilon who had become an adviser of a Phi Sigma Kappa chapter. That chapter had allowed the faculty adviser to view the rituals of Phi Sigma Kappa. This was an error on the part of the Phi Sigma Kappa chapter but it allowed the two national organizations to otherwise resolve the awkward question of how similar their secrets were. 443: 2329:

undergraduates but also to faculty, graduate students, and former students. Membership is also possible at a chapter elsewhere than the man's place of higher education if his school lacks a chapter. Additionally, honorary membership is provided for in the Constitution and Bylaws of the Grand Chapter of Phi Sigma Kappa. Specific requirements for membership may vary between places of higher education and chapters but minimum requirements are nationally legislated. Membership in Phi Sigma Kappa can be dissolved only by death or expulsion.

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Convention that channeled 25 cents each month from each active member (about $ 12 per month, per man, in 2021 dollars) into a fund to assist chapters stricken by the Depression; the principal of mutual helpfulness could not have been better illustrated. Low manpower, too, had brought about fraternal belt-tightening where possible, while still investing in tactical, significant national services - training in rushing techniques, a pledge manual, better accounting systems, and visits by field representatives.

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their center jewel. The pledge pin used to be a red button approximately 3/8 inch in diameter. That pin was surrounded by a silver band in which the original Three T characters of the society were inset in silver. After the adoption of the merger symbolism in 1987, the circle and Triple T's characters were circumscribed by a slightly larger triangle of silver. Phi Sigma Kappa continues to recognize the Phi Sigma Epsilon badge for those brothers who received it before the merger of the two fraternities.

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growing needs in a critical period. The hardships of World War I and the Great Depression were scarcely overcome when World War II arrived. The extraordinary efforts by which the fraternity survived are another and longer story; the important fact is that Phi Sig did survive. The 1948 Convention in Boston marked the 75th anniversary of the founding. There were 52 active chapters; the Phi Sigma Kappa Foundation had been established, primarily to reward good scholarship among brothers; and

1830: 1388: 1674: 147: 459:"We believe that our fraternity exerts a powerful influence for good in national college life. The thought which lay in the minds of the Founders was good. May our brothers never forget that the foundation for a useful and satisfying life must be thought -- thought resulting in the visualization of a high ideal; and the determination to use all of one's strength of body, mind, and soul for its realization." 985: 826:"the entire fraternity system is truly an American institution engaged in the service of building good American citizens–is being challenged. Challenged by those subversive elements who, by encouraging us to quarrel among ourselves may cause us to destroy ourselves. The 'divide and conquer strategy' that might well eliminate a great American institution." 796:, had previously not taken in minorities on any scale except for the occasional foreign student. At the 1952 Bedford Springs Convention some chapters, mainly outside of New England and the East, wanted an understanding that no chapter would pledge "negroes," and offered legislation to this end called "The Bedford Resolution." The Bedford Resolution read, 424:(1889). The transition to a national order was accomplished. These same early years saw the pin (or badge) adopted essentially as it is today; an induction ritual, which embodied the concept of universal brotherhood and expanded the order's horizons beyond Massachusetts, was written in 1890; the establishment of the fraternity's magazine, 457:− was more egalitarian, open to men of average means but high potential, and not filled with the class-conscious scions of Boston and New York society. In many ways, it has kept this ethic throughout its expansion. It never was simply another fraternity to be invited. Founder Brooks, four years before he died in 1938, put it this way: 784:, and academics. During the 1950s, Phi Sigma Kappa removed racial restrictions on membership, worked with other NIC fraternities to eliminate hazing, and revised its membership education program to reflect such changes. During this time membership in Greek organizations declined significantly and some chapters were again lost. 972: 531:. In all, fourteen new chapters were established in the first decade of the new century. Some who were there tell that the induction ceremonies at the early Deuteron units often included a reminder in the form of Founder Hague's benediction on the night of March 15, 1873, words that still ring of idealism and true worth: 40: 2485:

Founder Barrett once recalled that the Fraternity was "conceived in iniquity", a gentle statement, implying that the first inklings of formation were around the possibility of initiation mischief, probably sparked by hints of 'shenanigans' by two rival societies that had only formed in the four years

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is a document that conveys from a governing body permission for a local group to operate as a chapter. A PSK charter also signifies the date and location of the new chapter and lists its founding members. In the event of a re-colonization, a new group may still refer to the original charter date when

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in an otherwise identical layout. It was at the 1987 Convention in Long Beach, CA that a special "merger committee" gave its recommendations including the new flag design, updated colors of Cardinal Red and Silver, revised wording of the Cardinal Principals paragraphs, various changes to the esoteric

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On many campuses, the provision of suitable housing remains the biggest challenge for a new provisional chapter. Phi Sigma Kappa Properties (PSKP), a separate legal entity, was created in 2002 to address this issue in areas of management, finding and funding buildings, dissemination of best practices

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The Bedford Resolution narrowly passed. Immediately after, Phi Sigma Kappa lost several chapters due to negative reactions to the resolution. The Alpha Triton Chapter at Wesleyan University disaffiliated itself rather than de-pledge a black student it had pledged in good faith, and reformed itself as

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Though the admonition against "bigness for bigness' sake" was always there, the demand to serve campuses wherever they might be was equally loud. In 1909, for example (after the Grand Council had earlier refused to put a chapter on the West Coast because of the distance involved and because it feared

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had been placed on the campus only the year prior. The likely name of this inquiring group from Maine was the E.C. Society which had formed in 1875. In 1878 the E.C. Society went on to become a chapter of a small Eastern fraternity called Alpha Sigma Chi, which one year later, in 1879, would join in

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More recently, expansion efforts have been increased, and now somewhat outpace chapter closures, bringing in schools where Phi Sigma Kappa has not had a historical presence, as well as revitalizing troubled groups or dormant groups. This period of expansion has been entwined with an assertive effort

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Leaders of both fraternities made great attempts to be sensitive to the pain of change and emotions of loss that any such merger would naturally entail. There were pockets of dissent, and not all chapters nor all alumni of Phi Sigma Epsilon participated. Soon after the merger, the former PSE chapter

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The massive post-war influx of GIs to collegiate campuses brought with it a class of men of maturity, and literally, battle-tested experiences of fraternal bonding. For a time, a significant percentage of Phi Sigma Kappa's active members were married. The fraternal magazine was expanded to celebrate

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The Founders very wisely developed the ritual and philosophy of the fraternity based on service to its members. The Cardinal Principles of Phi Sigma Kappa are the development of brotherhood, scholarship, and character ... There is nothing in our Cardinal Principles about prestige, the most beautiful

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Let us ... keep on growing till our beloved fraternity shall become full grown ..., having the strength to help and protect its members, wisdom to guide them to helpful and good things as to college life, and love so warm that its members shall feel its kindly glow, that brotherly love may indeed be

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The Foundation (PSKF), incorporated as an entity separate from the Grand Chapter in 1947, serves as the financial backbone of the fraternity. It is facilitated by a board of trustees which appropriates funds for various programs and scholarships administered by the Grand Council. The money for this

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Management of the fraternity (PSK) on a day-to-day basis is vested in the executive director, Joe Kern. He and twelve full-time staff members support all aspects of chapter operations, expansion, alumni relations, program development, risk management, and event coordination. Phi Sigma Kappa's Grand

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Originally, only one chapter was contemplated by the founders. Although the germ of expansion arrived early, its period of gestation consumed 13 years. As early as 1875 an inquiry had been received from a group at Maine Agricultural College, and a few years later there was an unexpected letter from

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Phi Sigma Epsilon brought its naming system to the fraternity. Concerning the sensitivity of the merger in general, it was quickly decided that incoming PSE chapters could with pride maintain either their original chapter names or a chapter name that evoked their source in PSE. These naming series

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The official flag had been seven by five feet in dimension, but in 2021 those specific dimensions were relaxed to allow flags of other sizes. The description of the flag remains consistent: three horizontal bars of equal height. The bottom bar is red and symbolizes First and Second Degree members,

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to the right. As a mark of distinction, council members may wear a ruby instead of a pearl as the center jewel, and national presidents are presented with a badge set with diamonds instead of pearls, and with a ruby as the center jewel. Appointive officers may wear an emerald instead of a pearl as

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in 1988. Today, both fraternities seek to focus on their futures and maintain a posture of civility and cooperation on those occasions where they cross paths. Considering their shared history and the economic difficulties of supporting full-time operations with a small base of chapter revenue, Phi

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President Collins warned that the anti-discrimination issue would be raised at the next Phi Sigma Kappa convention. The Bedford Resolution was a policy and was more easily changed than a constitutional measure or bylaw. Two years after its passage, at the 1954 Convention the Bedford Resolution was

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went door to door in 1931, successfully seeking alumni backing against the mortgage of Minnesota's newly built Tudor masterpiece. Not only was this impulse acted on at the alumni level: The fraternity's undergraduate delegates, moved by the plight of their brethren, had fathered a plan at the 1930

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placed a call to the national headquarters of Phi Sigma Kappa to discuss the fact that several Phi Sigma Epsilon chapters were unhappy with the services of their national organization and that they were interested in Phi Sigma Kappa's expansion efforts. These chapters were considering a change in

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sorority. Other PSE chapters were found to be non-viable or had simply evaporated in the few years since a PSE officer had last visited or corresponded. These were formally closed. Eventually, following several disaffected alumni leaders of Phi Sigma Epsilon, seven PSE groups would go on to form

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My fraternity did something for me when I was in school. It helped me to learn to live with others and to develop my own personal, moral, and social attributes so that I could fit better into the society that I found when I left the University. The services of fraternity supplemented those of my

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The 1938 Convention adopted the six-degree membership structure to honor the six Founders, especially as a tribute to Founder Brooks, who had died only a few weeks earlier. The first professional manager of the fraternity was hired that same year, marking still another organizational response to

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Some individual Phi Sigma Kappa chapters may work with local alumni- or parent-led housing corporations of their own to manage chapter housing or may work with Phi Sigma Kappa Properties to achieve this same purpose. Local chapter house corporations are separate legal entities from the national

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Ritual of Association was rewritten to include significant portions of the Phi Sigma Epsilon ritual, and the PSE ritual itself was cast into the form of a special lecture to be added to the ritual book of all chapters for use on particular occasions. The co-author of Phi Sigma Epsilon's ritual,

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Phi Sigma Kappa's Court of Honor was expanded to include all past presidents of Phi Sigma Epsilon. Shannon Flowers of PSE agreed to serve as the new Recorder for that entity. The Grand Council was expanded to include PSE's past president James Whitfield and former vice president Larry Beck. The

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Chapter questionnaires, meetings, and communications regarding a merger would occupy both fraternities over several months. Phi Sigma Epsilon narrowly voted in favor of the merger in June 1985. Phi Sigma Kappa's convention was not until August but initial responses were overwhelmingly positive.

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Demand led to aggressive growth and an expansion of chapters once again; Now, where so many members had served overseas or traveled extensively, awareness and interest in the doings of chapters in distant states became more apparent. Sporting heroes were celebrated. Lists of national collegiate

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Phi Sigma Kappa Properties (PSKP) is the newest of the three Phi Sigma Kappa entities but plans to become a full-service real estate management and development corporation. PSKP held a long-range planning meeting in August 2005, which was facilitated by Grand Council Director Tim Vojtasko. The

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Phi Sigma Kappa is divided into three distinct entities: Phi Sigma Kappa fraternity, Phi Sigma Kappa Foundation, and Phi Sigma Kappa Properties. The Phi Sigma Kappa International Headquarters is staffed by administrators who handle many of the day-to-day operations in the fraternity as well as

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Membership in Phi Sigma Kappa is available to male students attending a college, university, technical institute, or community college with a Phi Sigma Kappa chapter, provided the man is not a member of a nationally recognized social collegiate fraternity. This opportunity extends not only to

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Alumni of PSE chapters that merged into Phi Sigma Kappa are accorded the same rank or honors as they held in PSE. The PSE badge is honored as equivalent to a PSK badge for those alumni who choose to wear it. Where Phi Sigma Kappa HQ has accurate mailing addresses, they also receive fraternity

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The Phi Sigma Kappa Foundation (PSKF) was formed as a separate legal entity in 1947 to provide scholarships to undergraduates and program support. It has proven to be the financial backbone of the fraternity due to its support of member development and leadership programming and publications.

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printed photos of many of the winners of local chapter contests for a popular write-in election for the national Moonlight Girl. The winner would travel, with her escort, to the national convention, there to entertain the delegates with songs and conversation. This popular appearance would be

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The six were active college students, members of literary and academic societies and athletic groups, and editors of campus publications. Three were military lieutenants and Brooks was a captain. Hague and Brooks even ran the college store. Academic leaders as well, "it cannot be too strongly

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conference. Discussions commenced and the members at the conference discovered that they had more in common than the first two letters of their respective fraternity's names. Phi Sigma Epsilon's beliefs in justice, wisdom, and honor closely paralleled Phi Sigma Kappa's cardinal principles of

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In 1980, a Phi Sigma Kappa Council meeting included the subject of mergers on its agenda. The outcome of the discussion was the conclusion that Phi Sigma Kappa would only participate in a merger if it was the continuing fraternity: Phi Sigma Kappa was open to absorbing a smaller fraternity.

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Phi Sig did not escape the Great Depression; no fraternal order did. But like many of them, she came out of it wiser and stronger for the experience, filled with the knowledge that brotherhood based on a heritage of helpfulness and value cannot be submerged by a flood of economic hardship.

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In 2009 some delegates to that year's convention felt that a definitive statement on the issue of discrimination should be incorporated into the constitution itself. Phi Sigma Kappa amended its constitution to include the following nondiscrimination clause, largely intended as a formality:

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teams were published and scrutinized. Local programs grew quickly into national events. One example is Phi Sigma Kappa's "Moonlight Girl", a chapter sweetheart contest that rivaled the "Sweetheart of Sigma Chi" as the premier sweetheart pageant of the fraternity world. For a dozen years,

840:, in Pennsylvania, pledged a black man from the Gold Coast. The Grand President simply took the stance that he would not suspend the chapter, since neither the Bedford Resolution nor any other agreement was in place. At the 1958 convention, there was little discussion of the matter. 438:

Big Chief Barrett said in later years, admonishing a convention that was getting starry-eyed over dozens of new expansion possibilities. The principle has held; that though Phi Sigma Kappa stands high among national orders, size alone has never been a major consideration or goal.

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comes from member dues, pledges, and donations. The Foundation is immensely important to the growth and maintenance of the fraternity. Some of the programs it funds are the Leadership School, Undergraduate Scholarships, the Grand Chapter website, and Regional Conclaves.

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are located in the center of this bar. The top bar, also red, commemorates Fifth and Sixth Degree members, indicative of Grand Chapter recognition. The silver and red Tumbling T's logo inscribed in a triangle of silver is located at the left end of the upper bar.

397:-but nothing came of either "feeler." In 1878, John A. Cutter was inducted into the group, a man destined to have much to do with the preservation of the order's early records and with its expansion beyond the confines of the Massachusetts campus. Graduating from 672:

was guaranteed to all members for life under a plan that had few parallels in the Greek world at that time. D. R. (Spec) Collins of Iowa, one of the fraternity's most dynamic leaders of the post-World War II years, reaffirmed the heritage in more modern

519:—fittingly utilizing the last letter of the Greek alphabet and preparing the way for the first of the Deuteron or second-series units. This national aspect did not escape the notice of the mid-continent; within six months, petitions were received from 1203:

Following are images of many of the Phi Sigma Kappa chapter houses. Many of the buildings in the historical photos are still owned by fraternity chapters and their alumni today, having been remodeled and expanded, while others have been replaced.

849:"No chapter shall discriminate in recruitment or membership based on race, color, religion, national origin, age, disability, ethnic background, sexual orientation, veteran status, marital status, parental status, or political affiliation." 277:

in North America. Most of its first two dozen chapters were granted to schools in New England, New York, and Pennsylvania; therefore its early development was strongly Eastern in character, eventually operating chapters at six of the eight

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Re-establishment where both groups existed but where they both are dormant usually takes on the name of the older dormant chapter, although some exceptions have been made if the alumni base has a clear preference.

1805: 384:, an 1876 initiate, was elected its first Grand President (at the age of 20). Phi Sigma Kappa was adopted as the group's official name that same year after four years of debate and the work of seven committees. 285:

According to its Constitution, Phi Sigma Kappa is devoted to the promotion of its three Cardinal Principles: the "Promotion of Brotherhood", the "Stimulation of Scholarship", and the "Development of Character".

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repealed in favor of a non-legislative "Gentlemen's Agreement" to ban non-whites. This much weaker, short-lived, informal agreement also encouraged local chapters not to admit minorities to membership.

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Ritual, the updated crest design and updated pledge pin design. The committee's report was adopted by a wide margin, with acclaim, as ATPS notes "continuing the spirit of the convention."

1513: 1404: 1185:, with the naming convention remaining more or less consistent, depending on the age of the chapter, and with some exceptions to match most closely the original names of those chapters. 659:. More than half a century later they stand as Phi Sigma Kappa's heritage personified, as much a part of the fraternity's individuality as any of its more ancient rituals and symbolism. 4322: 2275:

Council operates as its volunteer board of directors, composed of one grand president and six directors who guide the fraternity's future and ensure the implementation of its policies.

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Almost all Phi Sigma Epsilon chapters and all Phi Sigma Kappa chapters participated in the merger, which was noted as the largest and most successful collegiate fraternal merger ever.

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disaffiliated from Phi Sigma Kappa, citing "racist membership policies" of the fraternity as its motivation. Tau became a local fraternity, and eventually the co-ed organization of

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This flag was adopted at the 1987 Convention, before this, Phi Sigma Kappa's flag bore the Triple T's set alone in a round border, without the triangle, and used the old colors of

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brotherhood, scholarship, and character. Phi Sigma Epsilon was in the midst of difficult administrative and financial circumstances and most chapters were in the interior of the

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family, my church, and my teachers. For this reason I am willing to continue to work for my fraternity -- so long as my fraternity is working to serve its individual members.

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underwritten by the fraternity and served to increase attendance. Moonlight Girl continues as a local tradition in a handful of chapters, including Minnesota. The popular

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Baird's Archive shows no local or national chapter having formed in all of New Mexico until 1903; the inquiring group was unsuccessful in finding a national affiliation.

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Chapter growth slowed, as the fraternity sought to shore up its existing chapters. However, in its sixth decade, Phi Sigma Kappa nevertheless established chapters at

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Phi Sig's value to other campuses was as an organization offering something special and valuable to persons of varying backgrounds. Massachusetts Agricultural −

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the foundation of the fraternity. The middle bar is silver for Third and Fourth Degree members, indicative of the field of fraternal service. The Greek letters

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schools as well as more egalitarian state schools. It later expanded to the South and West. The fraternity has initiated more than 180,000 members since 1873.

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when most fraternities were in danger of falling apart as students went to war. The issue was not discussed seriously again on a national level for decades.

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Two years later, at the 1956 Convention, the Gentlemen's Agreement was also dropped leaving no race restrictions. Immediately following the 1956 Convention,

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schools; even Canadian campuses were not excluded in the thinking of those who carried new chapters in all directions shortly after the turn of the century.

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Interest groups form provisional chapters, which in turn become chapters by earning a Phi Sigma Kappa charter from the international headquarters. A

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were expelled from the Grand Chapter in 1953-55 for each pledging an African-American student, reverting to their former local status. Tau Chapter at

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Sigma Kappa has consistently maintained it would welcome future inquiries toward cooperation from Phi Sigma Phi and her chapters, as a homecoming.

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such a chapter would be denied the visits and services of a nearby headquarters), the fraternity spanned the continent. The Ridge Road Club of the

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carried popular interest stories about member wartime experiences, first-hand accounts by seasoned correspondents, and even geopolitical essays.

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On August 14, 1985, the merger was approved and formalized. In a stroke of good fortune for the two national bodies, there was only one school,

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Local Chapter Advisors often serve as another key point of contact between Regional and National staff or volunteers, to the local chapter.

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Additionally, the three founding chapters of Phi Sigma Epsilon were honored by reversing in their names the letters "Epsilon Alpha" into

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The Kinney Coat of Arms was suggested as Phi Sigma Kappa's crest. It was not adopted but remains in informal use as an artistic favorite.

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In a letter dated June 28, 1954, D.R. "Spec" Collins, the then-president of Phi Sigma Kappa, announced that from his point of view,

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Perhaps the most significant development of these years came out of the 1934 Convention in Ann Arbor. Brother Stewart W. Herman of

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Phi Sigma Kappa continues to teach new members its enlarged historical record, marking milestones of both original fraternities.

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New chapters where there has been neither a PSK nor PSE chapter will continue the Octaton series, or further series, as needed.

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may be plain gold or crown set with fifteen whole pearls and is superimposed upon a rose engraved and rose finished chased gold

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In the 1920s the fraternity continued to grow, especially into the land grant institutions, with establishment of chapters at

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Staff article, no byline (Fall 2021). Nicholas Zuniga (ed.). "Convention body acts on changes to governing documents".

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Staff article, no byline (Fall 2021). Nicholas Zuniga (ed.). "Convention body acts on changes to governing documents".

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prior. It was only after writing out the ritual and exploring its metaphor and meaning that the Founders declared

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organization developed a set of five long-range goals for the next five years and beyond. Those goals include:

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coordinate and plan many events, meetings, and other programs held by the Grand Chapter and the Foundation.

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To double the number of houses owned by a PSK-related entity; also 40 houses (owned and managed) in 5 years

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To become the largest (assets owned and managed) property management organization in the fraternity world

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Later on in the fall of 1984, the two fraternities were placed next to each other at a table during the

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Chapters are individually designated by a chapter name. The original 24 chapters are called, in order,

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Fourth Degree: members appointed to an office by the Grand Council or Grand President, past or present

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Following World War II the fraternity (along with other Greek organizations) faced issues related to

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During the final decade of the 19th century, careful expansion nevertheless led to solid chapters at

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Third Degree: alumni and those initiated as graduates, former students, faculty, or honorary members

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To be able to offer all PSK-related properties the opportunity to be owned and/or managed by PSKP

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The term "colony" was retired in place of "provisional chapter" at the 68th General Convention.

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The term "colony" was retired in place of "provisional chapter" at the 68th General Convention.

1181:, signifying their role in the formation of Phi Sigma Epsilon. The fourth oldest PSE chapter is 860: 305:

merged with Phi Sigma Kappa in 1985, which was the largest merger of Greek-letter fraternities.

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Regional Advisers are liaisons between the fraternity's national officers and undergraduates.

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The Grand Chapter of Phi Sigma Kappa was organized in 1878, five years after the founding of

4300: 1673: 4525: 3686: 3626: 3611: 3221: 698:- servicemen brothers who had been killed in action - or the lists of those still serving. 604: 8: 4802: 4615: 4555: 4495: 4425: 4345: 4284: 4258: 4123: 4073: 4018: 3802: 3757: 3581: 3518: 3269: 2507: 964:

Since the merger, Phi Sigma Kappa has grown at a rate of at least two chapters per year.

633: 580: 468: 2316:

To develop a world-class model for owning, managing, and financing fraternity properties

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for alumni holding companies, and building improvements for Phi Sig chapters nationwide.

4787: 4530: 4375: 3983: 3631: 3523: 3513: 3435: 3405: 3244: 3170: 2682: 2592: 2563: 1057:. After the merger, in 1987 the fraternity adopted a second official flower, the White 905: 837: 644: 421: 336: 2537: 2475:. Northampton, Massachusetts: The Council of Phi Sigma Kappa, via The Kingsbury Print. 916:, a strong supporter of the Merger, assisted in the incorporation of the two rituals. 4872: 4812: 4741: 4736: 4716: 4706: 4570: 4360: 4238: 4173: 4163: 4128: 4068: 3960: 3935: 3915: 3900: 3870: 3845: 3830: 3820: 3752: 3716: 3681: 3666: 3616: 3591: 3488: 3465: 3307: 3264: 3239: 3229: 3150: 3145: 3072: 3062: 2661: 2470: 2374: 877: 821:, in May 1956. Of the chapters that left during the debate, only Tau still operates. 814: 802: 629: 484: 361: 351: 302: 4133: 4857: 4767: 4711: 4520: 4515: 4430: 4420: 4370: 4098: 4088: 3905: 3840: 3772: 3671: 3641: 3596: 3586: 3576: 3503: 3498: 3400: 3395: 3390: 3302: 3274: 3259: 3190: 3165: 2660:(20th ed.). Indianapolis, IN: Baird's Manual Foundation, Inc. p. III-96. 806: 488: 120: 2790: 4867: 4822: 4817: 4797: 4731: 4726: 4690: 4640: 4635: 4625: 4605: 4585: 4510: 4505: 4500: 4475: 4440: 4435: 4395: 4390: 4385: 4380: 4365: 4350: 4198: 4193: 4183: 4178: 4158: 4148: 4083: 4078: 4053: 4028: 4023: 4003: 3998: 3993: 3988: 3978: 3950: 3925: 3895: 3860: 3850: 3782: 3767: 3747: 3737: 3711: 3636: 3606: 3601: 3470: 3455: 3425: 3410: 3337: 3327: 3284: 3234: 3205: 3200: 3155: 3092: 3087: 3067: 2379: 971: 940: 464: 381: 792:

Phi Sigma Kappa, like almost all fraternities and sororities, formed before the

4847: 4827: 4792: 4777: 4762: 4655: 4630: 4620: 4565: 4560: 4540: 4535: 4490: 4415: 4405: 4289: 4213: 4108: 3890: 3865: 3835: 3825: 3777: 3762: 3721: 3706: 3691: 3656: 3544: 3508: 3493: 3460: 3370: 3322: 3254: 3195: 3185: 3140: 3097: 3082: 1058: 1042: 913: 442: 127: 39: 2889: 2613: 1188:

Chapter lists are rendered in order of the original date of chapter founding.

4887: 4832: 4670: 4650: 4645: 4610: 4600: 4550: 4485: 4465: 4445: 4410: 4400: 4233: 4208: 4203: 4188: 4118: 4033: 4013: 4008: 3787: 3661: 3621: 3430: 3420: 3415: 3332: 3312: 3160: 3107: 3077: 2930: 2862: 2738:(14 ed.). Indianapolis, Indiana: Phi Sigma Kappa Fraternity. p. 55. 2516: 945: 406: 2353:

Sixth Degree: members who have been elected Grand President, past or present

4660: 4545: 4223: 4113: 3651: 3549: 3380: 3375: 3360: 3279: 3180: 3175: 3112: 2540:, accessed 11 September 2022. The location of Machmer Hall is noted on the 2313:

To hire an executive director/CFO with a complete staff of 5 within 5 years

939:

at Cornell was released to join another national; its building was sold to

866: 695: 212: 4721: 4685: 4279: 4274: 4253: 4093: 3930: 3920: 3910: 3875: 3385: 3355: 3102: 495:

followed soon after. Eventually, Phi Sig was present at six of the eight

346: 2405:"Almanac of Fraternities and Sororities (Baird's Manual Online Archive)" 4862: 4772: 3880: 3701: 496: 279: 146: 4746: 4595: 4590: 4460: 4455: 4450: 4168: 4153: 4063: 4043: 4038: 3955: 3940: 3855: 3797: 3365: 2556:

Phi Sigma Kappa (U of MN) Archive: Chapter history and chapter roster

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The Constitution and Bylaws of the Grand Chapter of Phi Sigma Kappa

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Fifth Degree: members elected to the Grand Council, past or present

380:, to tie alumni and undergraduates into a continuing relationship. 881:

national affiliation which is not possible under the rules of the

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The Signet, A Magazine for Members of Phi Sigma Kappa Fraternity

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The Signet, A Magazine for Members of Phi Sigma Kappa Fraternity

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Beta Deuteron historian (2013). Office of the Archivist (ed.).

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and the first chapter out of the Northeast came into being at

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marriages and births as counterpoint to the solemn roster of

539: 255: 29: 2391: 1080:

citing the age of their chapter, even in a re-colonization.

720:

song was heard around pianos at chapters across the nation:

2454:

Rand, Frank Prentice; Ralph Watts; James E. Sefton (1993).

2411:. University of Illinois: University of Illinois Archives 569: 565: 2769: 2749: 865:

Phi Sigma Kappa first discussed mergers at the onset of

2553: 992:

The official pin consists of the three Greek letters (

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Then we'll love her and cherish her through the years,

2656:

Anson, Jack L.; Marchenasi, Robert F., eds. (1991) .

416:

Cutter was also instrumental in the establishment of

2547: 2493:

Yesterdays at Massachusetts State College, 1863-1933

2468: 1099:. Following this, the "Deuteron" series began with 301:) by six sophomores (referred to as The Founders). 2762: 2341:Second Degree: members elected to symbolic offices 1129:Deuteron Series, or second series, beginning with 108:Do unto others as you would have them do unto you. 2742: 4924:Fraternities and sororities in the United States 4885: 2260: 557:Phi Sigma Kappa became a founding member of the 2919: 2860: 2856: 2854: 2733: 2655: 2611: 2583:Office of the Archivist (U of MN), ed. (2014). 2519:, bringing that national five Eastern chapters. 2403:William Raimond Baird; Carroll Lurding (eds.). 2338:First Degree: members of undergraduate chapters 1159:Epsilon Series, original oldest 24 PSE chapters 1053:The original flower of Phi Sigma Kappa was the 2950:North American fraternity and sorority housing 2651: 2649: 2647: 2538:A photo of the Shrine, from the UMass archives 757:She's the beautiful sweetheart of old Phi Sig, 4316: 2905: 2297: 2288: 2269: 2851: 289:Phi Sigma Kappa began on March 15, 1873, at 2834: 2811: 2788: 2644: 4323: 4309: 2912: 2898: 2423:The Baird's Manual Online Archive homepage 332:The six Founders of Phi Sigma Kappa were: 4919:Student organizations established in 1873 4899:North American Interfraternity Conference 4332:North American Interfraternity Conference 2490:Rand alludes to this in his MAC history, 559:North American Interfraternity Conference 2680: 2332: 983: 970: 647:wrote and presented the Phi Sigma Kappa 533: 441: 275:active chapters and provisional chapters 2929:Academic fraternities originating from 2658:Baird's Manual of American Fraternities 688: 655:drafted and presented the fraternity's 4904:Student societies in the United States 4886: 2605: 2472:Phi Sigma Kappa: A History 1873 - 1923 2449: 2447: 2445: 2443: 2441: 2439: 2437: 2435: 2433: 2431: 735:With lips so rare, and a skin so fair, 409:) and established a group that became 4304: 2893: 2683:"This Isn't Your Father's Fraternity" 2681:Crandall, Brian (December 29, 2009). 1839:at the University of Tennessee, 2005 725:When we find a girl with golden hair, 436:"Bigness was never one of our ideas," 4914:1873 establishments in Massachusetts 2965:Hazing in Greek letter organizations 2727: 771: 740:And a heart that shall ever be true. 405:(which in 1873 had become a unit of 16:North American collegiate fraternity 4339:Currently active members of the NIC 2428: 1649:at Williams, prior to 1947 (former) 762:In our hearts she will e'er remain. 706:football, basketball, and baseball 614: 327:University of Massachusetts Amherst 299:University of Massachusetts Amherst 13: 2814:"Relationship With The Fraternity" 2357: 1147:Septaton Series, or seventh series 975:The Signet Ring of Phi Sigma Kappa 513:University of California, Berkeley 319:Massachusetts Agricultural College 291:Massachusetts Agricultural College 157:Red Carnation & White Tea Rose 63:Massachusetts Agricultural College 14: 4935: 4909:Fraternity Leadership Association 4756:Defunct former members of the NIC 2874: 2409:Student Life and Culture Archives 1323:at West Virginia University, 2012 1198: 1138:Tetarton Series, or fourth series 269:, is a men's social and academic 4700:Active former members of the NIC 2237: 2220: 2197: 2173: 2156: 2133: 2110: 2087: 2064: 2041: 2018: 2001: 1978: 1961: 1937: 1914: 1891: 1868: 1845: 1828: 1804: 1781: 1758: 1735: 1712: 1689: 1672: 1655: 1638: 1615: 1592: 1575: 1558: 1535: 1512: 1489: 1466: 1443: 1426: 1403: 1386: 1369: 1352: 1329: 1312: 1289: 1283:at West Virginia, 1910. (former) 1272: 1249: 1232: 1209: 1150:Octaton Series, or eighth series 1141:Pentaton Series, or fifth series 1071:List of Phi Sigma Kappa chapters 801:a local, Gamma Psi. Chapters at 611:and others, twenty-five in all. 371: 145: 38: 3124:Asian/Pacific Islander-American 2828: 2805: 2782: 2715: 2701: 2674: 2364:List of Phi Sigma Kappa members 1144:Hexaton Series, or sixth series 787: 662: 483:, among other storied schools. 449:, at Swarthmore College in 1914 2709:"The History of Phi Sigma Phi" 2531: 2522: 2500: 2479: 1792:at the University of Montana, 1165:Sigma Series, third PSE series 1135:Triton Series, or third series 505:Queen's University at Kingston 1: 2734:Phi Sigma Kappa, ed. (2001). 2687:Ithacating in Cornell Heights 2385: 2323: 2261:Organization and legal status 2249: 2209: 2185: 2145: 2122: 2099: 2076: 2053: 2030: 1990: 1949: 1926: 1903: 1880: 1857: 1816: 1793: 1770: 1747: 1724: 1701: 1627: 1604: 1547: 1524: 1501: 1478: 1455: 1415: 1341: 1301: 1261: 1221: 1162:Phi Series, second PSE series 930: 919:At the Convention in 1987 in 651:, and Brother Ralph Watts of 2469:Frank Prentice Rand (1923). 2456:All The Phi Sigs - A History 1603:at Franklin & Marshall, 1111:, and continuing through to 861:Phi Sigma Epsilon#The Merger 387: 7: 3027:Lists by country/territory 2998:Fraternities and sororities 2921:Fraternities and sororities 2368: 1569:at MIT, circa 1911 (former) 1177:, and "Epsilon Gamma" into 1064: 927:mailings and chapter news. 313: 10: 4940: 2361: 2298:Phi Sigma Kappa Properties 2289:Phi Sigma Kappa Foundation 2270:Phi Sigma Kappa fraternity 1397:at Stevens Institute, 2008 1068: 1032: 1019: 1011: 1003: 995: 979: 955: 859:For more information, see 858: 572:when Old North was razed. 564:To honor the Founders, on 553:a reality and not an idea. 540: 308: 256: 30: 4755: 4699: 4338: 4267: 3969: 3811: 3730: 3563: 3537: 3479: 3444: 3346: 3293: 3214: 3121: 3051: 2990: 2937: 2927: 854: 752:Singing this old refrain, 730:And eyes of shining blue, 357:Frederick George Campbell 261:), colloquially known as 232: 203: 189: 179: 169: 161: 153: 141: 133: 113: 103: 95: 87: 77: 69: 46: 37: 28: 23: 2861:Phi Sigma Kappa (2017). 2724:, accessed 20 April 2019 2612:Scobie, Richard (1956). 2597:: CS1 maint: location ( 2585:Phi Sigma Kappa Songbook 2568:: CS1 maint: location ( 2421:The main archive URL is 2231:at Rensselaer Poly, 2013 895:contiguous United States 430:West Virginia University 395:University of New Mexico 196:To Stimulate Scholarship 2515:a national merger with 2167:at UC Davis, circa 1949 2012:at South Carolina, 2013 1666:at Williams, circa 1947 1363:at Maryland, circa 1954 1260:at Cornell University, 52:; 151 years ago 2982:Mother of Fraternities 2632:Cite journal requires 2497:, accessed 5 Nov 2021. 1454:at George Washington, 1340:Sachem Hall, at Yale, 1173:, "Epsilon Beta" into 989: 976: 921:Long Beach, California 876:In 1984, a chapter of 852: 686: 555: 548: 450: 403:Albany Medical College 342:Joseph Francis Barrett 273:with approximately 74 194:To Promote Brotherhood 2333:Degrees of membership 1925:at Washington State, 987: 974: 846: 794:Civil Rights Movement 675: 550: 537: 445: 401:he went on to attend 208:2925 East 96th Street 2711:. February 14, 2022. 2208:at Baldwin-Wallace, 689:Post-war restoration 198:To Develop Character 3971:Social fraternities 3295:Historically Jewish 2508:University of Maine 1586:at MIT, early-1950s 1437:at Penn State, 2010 657:Cardinal Principles 634:American University 561:, or NIC, in 1910. 382:Charles Sumner Howe 362:William Penn Brooks 190:Cardinal Principles 50:March 15, 1873 2975:Philippines deaths 1300:at West Virginia, 990: 977: 906:Cornell University 549: 465:Yale (Sachem Hall) 451: 337:Jabez William Clay 4881: 4880: 4298: 4297: 3813:Social sororities 2867:. Self-Published. 2835:Phi Sigma Kappa. 2812:Phi Sigma Kappa. 2789:Phi Sigma Kappa. 2458:. Self-published. 2375:Phi Sigma Epsilon 2121:at Rhode Island, 1546:at St. Lawrence, 1523:at St. Lawrence, 1380:at Columbia, 1910 1119:Original Series, 878:Phi Sigma Epsilon 815:Dartmouth College 803:Boston University 772:Post World War II 503:was organized at 413:Chapter (1888). 352:Xenos Young Clark 303:Phi Sigma Epsilon 248: 247: 4931: 4325: 4318: 4311: 4302: 4301: 4285:Gentlemen's club 3055:African-American 2914: 2907: 2900: 2891: 2890: 2886: 2885: 2883:Official website 2869: 2868: 2858: 2849: 2848: 2846: 2844: 2839:. Self-Published 2832: 2826: 2825: 2823: 2821: 2816:. Self-Published 2809: 2803: 2802: 2800: 2798: 2793:. Self-Published 2786: 2780: 2779: 2766: 2760: 2759: 2746: 2740: 2739: 2736:Hills and a Star 2731: 2725: 2719: 2713: 2712: 2705: 2699: 2698: 2696: 2694: 2678: 2672: 2671: 2653: 2642: 2641: 2635: 2630: 2628: 2620: 2618: 2609: 2603: 2602: 2596: 2588: 2580: 2574: 2573: 2567: 2559: 2551: 2545: 2535: 2529: 2526: 2520: 2504: 2498: 2483: 2477: 2476: 2466: 2460: 2459: 2451: 2426: 2420: 2418: 2416: 2400: 2254: 2251: 2241: 2224: 2214: 2211: 2201: 2190: 2187: 2177: 2160: 2150: 2147: 2137: 2127: 2124: 2114: 2104: 2101: 2091: 2081: 2078: 2068: 2058: 2055: 2045: 2035: 2032: 2022: 2005: 1995: 1992: 1982: 1965: 1954: 1951: 1941: 1931: 1928: 1918: 1908: 1905: 1895: 1885: 1882: 1872: 1862: 1859: 1849: 1832: 1821: 1818: 1808: 1798: 1795: 1785: 1775: 1772: 1762: 1752: 1749: 1739: 1729: 1726: 1716: 1706: 1703: 1693: 1676: 1659: 1642: 1632: 1629: 1619: 1609: 1606: 1596: 1579: 1562: 1552: 1549: 1539: 1529: 1526: 1516: 1506: 1503: 1493: 1483: 1480: 1470: 1460: 1457: 1447: 1430: 1420: 1417: 1407: 1390: 1373: 1356: 1346: 1343: 1333: 1316: 1306: 1303: 1293: 1276: 1266: 1263: 1253: 1236: 1226: 1223: 1213: 1095:, etc., thru to 1035: 1034: 1022: 1021: 1016:to the left and 1014: 1013: 1006: 1005: 998: 997: 807:Hartwick College 615:Great Depression 571: 567: 543: 542: 259: 258: 244: 241: 239: 228: 224: 221: 215: 209: 149: 126: 119: 60: 58: 53: 42: 33: 32: 21: 20: 4939: 4938: 4934: 4933: 4932: 4930: 4929: 4928: 4894:Phi Sigma Kappa 4884: 4883: 4882: 4877: 4751: 4695: 4334: 4329: 4299: 4294: 4263: 3965: 3807: 3726: 3559: 3538:Native American 3533: 3475: 3440: 3342: 3289: 3217: 3210: 3123: 3117: 3054: 3047: 2986: 2933: 2923: 2918: 2881: 2880: 2877: 2872: 2859: 2852: 2842: 2840: 2833: 2829: 2819: 2817: 2810: 2806: 2796: 2794: 2787: 2783: 2767: 2763: 2747: 2743: 2732: 2728: 2720: 2716: 2707: 2706: 2702: 2692: 2690: 2689:. Wordpress.com 2679: 2675: 2668: 2654: 2645: 2633: 2631: 2622: 2621: 2616: 2610: 2606: 2590: 2589: 2581: 2577: 2561: 2560: 2552: 2548: 2536: 2532: 2527: 2523: 2505: 2501: 2484: 2480: 2467: 2463: 2452: 2429: 2414: 2412: 2401: 2392: 2388: 2380:Sigma Phi Sigma 2371: 2366: 2360: 2358:Notable members 2335: 2326: 2300: 2291: 2272: 2263: 2256: 2255: 2252: 2242: 2233: 2232: 2225: 2216: 2215: 2212: 2202: 2193: 2192: 2188: 2178: 2169: 2168: 2161: 2152: 2151: 2148: 2138: 2129: 2128: 2125: 2115: 2106: 2105: 2102: 2092: 2083: 2082: 2079: 2069: 2060: 2059: 2056: 2046: 2037: 2036: 2033: 2023: 2014: 2013: 2006: 1997: 1996: 1993: 1983: 1974: 1973: 1966: 1957: 1956: 1952: 1942: 1933: 1932: 1929: 1919: 1910: 1909: 1906: 1896: 1887: 1886: 1883: 1873: 1864: 1863: 1860: 1856:at Ohio State, 1850: 1841: 1840: 1833: 1824: 1823: 1819: 1815:at Tennessee, 1809: 1800: 1799: 1796: 1786: 1777: 1776: 1773: 1763: 1754: 1753: 1750: 1740: 1731: 1730: 1727: 1717: 1708: 1707: 1704: 1694: 1685: 1684: 1677: 1668: 1667: 1660: 1651: 1650: 1643: 1634: 1633: 1630: 1626:at Swarthmore, 1620: 1611: 1610: 1607: 1597: 1588: 1587: 1580: 1571: 1570: 1563: 1554: 1553: 1550: 1540: 1531: 1530: 1527: 1517: 1508: 1507: 1504: 1494: 1485: 1484: 1481: 1471: 1462: 1461: 1458: 1448: 1439: 1438: 1431: 1422: 1421: 1418: 1414:at Penn State, 1408: 1399: 1398: 1391: 1382: 1381: 1374: 1365: 1364: 1357: 1348: 1347: 1344: 1334: 1325: 1324: 1317: 1308: 1307: 1304: 1294: 1285: 1284: 1277: 1268: 1267: 1264: 1254: 1245: 1244: 1237: 1228: 1227: 1224: 1214: 1201: 1073: 1067: 982: 958: 941:Alpha Chi Omega 933: 863: 857: 790: 774: 691: 665: 617: 390: 374: 316: 311: 251:Phi Sigma Kappa 236: 226: 225: 222: 217: 211: 210: 207: 197: 195: 124: 117: 61: 56: 54: 51: 24:Phi Sigma Kappa 17: 12: 11: 5: 4937: 4927: 4926: 4921: 4916: 4911: 4906: 4901: 4896: 4879: 4878: 4876: 4875: 4870: 4865: 4860: 4855: 4850: 4845: 4840: 4835: 4830: 4825: 4820: 4815: 4810: 4805: 4800: 4795: 4790: 4785: 4780: 4775: 4770: 4765: 4759: 4757: 4753: 4752: 4750: 4749: 4744: 4739: 4734: 4729: 4724: 4719: 4714: 4709: 4703: 4701: 4697: 4696: 4694: 4693: 4688: 4683: 4678: 4673: 4668: 4663: 4658: 4653: 4648: 4643: 4638: 4633: 4628: 4623: 4618: 4613: 4608: 4603: 4598: 4593: 4588: 4583: 4578: 4573: 4568: 4563: 4558: 4553: 4548: 4543: 4538: 4533: 4528: 4523: 4518: 4513: 4508: 4503: 4498: 4493: 4488: 4483: 4478: 4473: 4468: 4463: 4458: 4453: 4448: 4443: 4438: 4433: 4428: 4423: 4418: 4413: 4408: 4403: 4398: 4393: 4388: 4383: 4378: 4373: 4368: 4363: 4358: 4353: 4348: 4342: 4340: 4336: 4335: 4328: 4327: 4320: 4313: 4305: 4296: 4295: 4293: 4292: 4290:Secret society 4287: 4282: 4277: 4271: 4269: 4265: 4264: 4262: 4261: 4256: 4251: 4246: 4241: 4236: 4231: 4226: 4221: 4216: 4211: 4206: 4201: 4196: 4191: 4186: 4181: 4176: 4171: 4166: 4161: 4156: 4151: 4146: 4141: 4136: 4131: 4126: 4121: 4116: 4111: 4106: 4101: 4096: 4091: 4086: 4081: 4076: 4071: 4066: 4061: 4056: 4051: 4046: 4041: 4036: 4031: 4026: 4021: 4016: 4011: 4006: 4001: 3996: 3991: 3986: 3981: 3975: 3973: 3967: 3966: 3964: 3963: 3958: 3953: 3948: 3943: 3938: 3933: 3928: 3923: 3918: 3913: 3908: 3903: 3898: 3893: 3888: 3883: 3878: 3873: 3868: 3863: 3858: 3853: 3848: 3843: 3838: 3833: 3828: 3823: 3817: 3815: 3809: 3808: 3806: 3805: 3800: 3795: 3790: 3785: 3780: 3775: 3770: 3765: 3760: 3755: 3750: 3745: 3740: 3734: 3732: 3731:Major specific 3728: 3727: 3725: 3724: 3719: 3714: 3709: 3704: 3699: 3694: 3689: 3684: 3679: 3674: 3669: 3664: 3659: 3654: 3649: 3644: 3639: 3634: 3629: 3624: 3619: 3614: 3609: 3604: 3599: 3594: 3589: 3584: 3579: 3573: 3571: 3561: 3560: 3558: 3557: 3552: 3547: 3541: 3539: 3535: 3534: 3532: 3531: 3526: 3521: 3516: 3511: 3506: 3501: 3496: 3491: 3485: 3483: 3477: 3476: 3474: 3473: 3468: 3463: 3458: 3452: 3450: 3442: 3441: 3439: 3438: 3433: 3428: 3423: 3418: 3413: 3408: 3403: 3398: 3393: 3388: 3383: 3378: 3373: 3368: 3363: 3358: 3352: 3350: 3344: 3343: 3341: 3340: 3335: 3330: 3325: 3320: 3315: 3310: 3305: 3299: 3297: 3291: 3290: 3288: 3287: 3282: 3277: 3272: 3267: 3262: 3257: 3252: 3247: 3242: 3237: 3232: 3226: 3224: 3212: 3211: 3209: 3208: 3203: 3198: 3193: 3188: 3183: 3178: 3173: 3168: 3163: 3158: 3153: 3148: 3143: 3138: 3133: 3127: 3125: 3119: 3118: 3116: 3115: 3110: 3105: 3100: 3095: 3090: 3085: 3080: 3075: 3070: 3065: 3059: 3057: 3049: 3048: 3046: 3045: 3044: 3043: 3038: 3033: 3025: 3020: 3015: 3010: 3005: 3000: 2994: 2992: 2988: 2987: 2985: 2984: 2979: 2978: 2977: 2972: 2962: 2957: 2952: 2947: 2941: 2939: 2935: 2934: 2928: 2925: 2924: 2917: 2916: 2909: 2902: 2894: 2888: 2887: 2876: 2875:External links 2873: 2871: 2870: 2850: 2827: 2804: 2781: 2761: 2741: 2726: 2714: 2700: 2673: 2667:978-0963715906 2666: 2643: 2634:|journal= 2604: 2575: 2546: 2530: 2521: 2499: 2478: 2461: 2427: 2389: 2387: 2384: 2383: 2382: 2377: 2370: 2367: 2362:Main article: 2359: 2356: 2355: 2354: 2351: 2348: 2345: 2342: 2339: 2334: 2331: 2325: 2322: 2321: 2320: 2317: 2314: 2311: 2308: 2299: 2296: 2290: 2287: 2271: 2268: 2262: 2259: 2258: 2257: 2246:Delta Tetarton 2244: 2243: 2236: 2234: 2229:Gamma Tetarton 2227: 2226: 2219: 2217: 2204: 2203: 2196: 2194: 2180: 2179: 2172: 2170: 2165:Omicron Triton 2163: 2162: 2155: 2153: 2140: 2139: 2132: 2130: 2117: 2116: 2109: 2107: 2094: 2093: 2086: 2084: 2071: 2070: 2063: 2061: 2048: 2047: 2040: 2038: 2025: 2024: 2017: 2015: 2008: 2007: 2000: 1998: 1985: 1984: 1977: 1975: 1970:Omega Deuteron 1968: 1967: 1960: 1958: 1946:Omega Deuteron 1944: 1943: 1936: 1934: 1921: 1920: 1913: 1911: 1898: 1897: 1890: 1888: 1875: 1874: 1867: 1865: 1852: 1851: 1844: 1842: 1835: 1834: 1827: 1825: 1811: 1810: 1803: 1801: 1788: 1787: 1780: 1778: 1767:Delta Deuteron 1765: 1764: 1757: 1755: 1746:at Minnesota, 1742: 1741: 1734: 1732: 1723:at Minnesota, 1719: 1718: 1711: 1709: 1698:Alpha Deuteron 1696: 1695: 1688: 1686: 1679: 1678: 1671: 1669: 1662: 1661: 1654: 1652: 1645: 1644: 1637: 1635: 1622: 1621: 1614: 1612: 1599: 1598: 1591: 1589: 1582: 1581: 1574: 1572: 1565: 1564: 1557: 1555: 1542: 1541: 1534: 1532: 1519: 1518: 1511: 1509: 1496: 1495: 1488: 1486: 1473: 1472: 1465: 1463: 1450: 1449: 1442: 1440: 1433: 1432: 1425: 1423: 1410: 1409: 1402: 1400: 1393: 1392: 1385: 1383: 1376: 1375: 1368: 1366: 1359: 1358: 1351: 1349: 1336: 1335: 1328: 1326: 1319: 1318: 1311: 1309: 1296: 1295: 1288: 1286: 1279: 1278: 1271: 1269: 1256: 1255: 1248: 1246: 1243:at Union, 1910 1239: 1238: 1231: 1229: 1216: 1215: 1208: 1200: 1199:Chapter houses 1197: 1167: 1166: 1163: 1160: 1152: 1151: 1148: 1145: 1142: 1139: 1136: 1133: 1131:Alpha Deuteron 1127: 1113:Omega Deuteron 1109:Gamma Deuteron 1101:Alpha Deuteron 1069:Main article: 1066: 1063: 1000:). The letter 981: 978: 957: 954: 932: 929: 914:Fred Schwengel 856: 853: 789: 786: 773: 770: 765: 764: 759: 754: 749: 744: 742: 737: 732: 727: 718:Moonlight Girl 690: 687: 664: 661: 616: 613: 609:South Carolina 538:The Shrine of 389: 386: 373: 370: 365: 364: 359: 354: 349: 344: 339: 315: 312: 310: 307: 246: 245: 240:.phisigmakappa 234: 230: 229: 205: 201: 200: 191: 187: 186: 181: 177: 176: 171: 167: 166: 163: 159: 158: 155: 151: 150: 143: 139: 138: 137:The Triple T's 135: 131: 130: 115: 111: 110: 105: 101: 100: 97: 93: 92: 89: 85: 84: 79: 75: 74: 71: 67: 66: 48: 44: 43: 35: 34: 26: 25: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4936: 4925: 4922: 4920: 4917: 4915: 4912: 4910: 4907: 4905: 4902: 4900: 4897: 4895: 4892: 4891: 4889: 4874: 4871: 4869: 4866: 4864: 4861: 4859: 4856: 4854: 4851: 4849: 4846: 4844: 4841: 4839: 4836: 4834: 4831: 4829: 4826: 4824: 4821: 4819: 4816: 4814: 4811: 4809: 4806: 4804: 4801: 4799: 4796: 4794: 4791: 4789: 4786: 4784: 4781: 4779: 4776: 4774: 4771: 4769: 4766: 4764: 4761: 4760: 4758: 4754: 4748: 4745: 4743: 4740: 4738: 4735: 4733: 4730: 4728: 4725: 4723: 4720: 4718: 4715: 4713: 4710: 4708: 4705: 4704: 4702: 4698: 4692: 4689: 4687: 4684: 4682: 4679: 4677: 4674: 4672: 4669: 4667: 4664: 4662: 4659: 4657: 4654: 4652: 4649: 4647: 4644: 4642: 4639: 4637: 4634: 4632: 4629: 4627: 4624: 4622: 4619: 4617: 4614: 4612: 4609: 4607: 4604: 4602: 4599: 4597: 4594: 4592: 4589: 4587: 4584: 4582: 4579: 4577: 4574: 4572: 4569: 4567: 4564: 4562: 4559: 4557: 4554: 4552: 4549: 4547: 4544: 4542: 4539: 4537: 4534: 4532: 4529: 4527: 4524: 4522: 4519: 4517: 4514: 4512: 4509: 4507: 4504: 4502: 4499: 4497: 4494: 4492: 4489: 4487: 4484: 4482: 4479: 4477: 4474: 4472: 4469: 4467: 4464: 4462: 4459: 4457: 4454: 4452: 4449: 4447: 4444: 4442: 4439: 4437: 4434: 4432: 4429: 4427: 4424: 4422: 4419: 4417: 4414: 4412: 4409: 4407: 4404: 4402: 4399: 4397: 4394: 4392: 4389: 4387: 4384: 4382: 4379: 4377: 4374: 4372: 4369: 4367: 4364: 4362: 4359: 4357: 4354: 4352: 4349: 4347: 4344: 4343: 4341: 4337: 4333: 4326: 4321: 4319: 4314: 4312: 4307: 4306: 4303: 4291: 4288: 4286: 4283: 4281: 4278: 4276: 4273: 4272: 4270: 4266: 4260: 4257: 4255: 4252: 4250: 4247: 4245: 4242: 4240: 4237: 4235: 4232: 4230: 4227: 4225: 4222: 4220: 4217: 4215: 4212: 4210: 4207: 4205: 4202: 4200: 4197: 4195: 4192: 4190: 4187: 4185: 4182: 4180: 4177: 4175: 4172: 4170: 4167: 4165: 4162: 4160: 4157: 4155: 4152: 4150: 4147: 4145: 4142: 4140: 4137: 4135: 4132: 4130: 4127: 4125: 4122: 4120: 4117: 4115: 4112: 4110: 4107: 4105: 4102: 4100: 4097: 4095: 4092: 4090: 4087: 4085: 4082: 4080: 4077: 4075: 4072: 4070: 4067: 4065: 4062: 4060: 4057: 4055: 4052: 4050: 4047: 4045: 4042: 4040: 4037: 4035: 4032: 4030: 4027: 4025: 4022: 4020: 4017: 4015: 4012: 4010: 4007: 4005: 4002: 4000: 3997: 3995: 3992: 3990: 3987: 3985: 3982: 3980: 3977: 3976: 3974: 3972: 3968: 3962: 3959: 3957: 3954: 3952: 3949: 3947: 3944: 3942: 3939: 3937: 3934: 3932: 3929: 3927: 3924: 3922: 3919: 3917: 3914: 3912: 3909: 3907: 3904: 3902: 3899: 3897: 3894: 3892: 3889: 3887: 3884: 3882: 3879: 3877: 3874: 3872: 3869: 3867: 3864: 3862: 3859: 3857: 3854: 3852: 3849: 3847: 3844: 3842: 3839: 3837: 3834: 3832: 3829: 3827: 3824: 3822: 3819: 3818: 3816: 3814: 3810: 3804: 3801: 3799: 3796: 3794: 3791: 3789: 3786: 3784: 3781: 3779: 3776: 3774: 3771: 3769: 3766: 3764: 3761: 3759: 3756: 3754: 3751: 3749: 3746: 3744: 3741: 3739: 3736: 3735: 3733: 3729: 3723: 3720: 3718: 3715: 3713: 3710: 3708: 3705: 3703: 3700: 3698: 3695: 3693: 3690: 3688: 3685: 3683: 3680: 3678: 3675: 3673: 3670: 3668: 3665: 3663: 3660: 3658: 3655: 3653: 3650: 3648: 3645: 3643: 3640: 3638: 3635: 3633: 3630: 3628: 3625: 3623: 3620: 3618: 3615: 3613: 3610: 3608: 3605: 3603: 3600: 3598: 3595: 3593: 3590: 3588: 3585: 3583: 3580: 3578: 3575: 3574: 3572: 3570: 3566: 3562: 3556: 3553: 3551: 3548: 3546: 3543: 3542: 3540: 3536: 3530: 3527: 3525: 3522: 3520: 3517: 3515: 3512: 3510: 3507: 3505: 3502: 3500: 3497: 3495: 3492: 3490: 3487: 3486: 3484: 3482: 3478: 3472: 3469: 3467: 3464: 3462: 3459: 3457: 3454: 3453: 3451: 3448: 3445:Historically 3443: 3437: 3434: 3432: 3429: 3427: 3424: 3422: 3419: 3417: 3414: 3412: 3409: 3407: 3404: 3402: 3399: 3397: 3394: 3392: 3389: 3387: 3384: 3382: 3379: 3377: 3374: 3372: 3369: 3367: 3364: 3362: 3359: 3357: 3354: 3353: 3351: 3349: 3348:Multicultural 3345: 3339: 3336: 3334: 3331: 3329: 3326: 3324: 3321: 3319: 3316: 3314: 3311: 3309: 3306: 3304: 3301: 3300: 3298: 3296: 3292: 3286: 3283: 3281: 3278: 3276: 3273: 3271: 3268: 3266: 3263: 3261: 3258: 3256: 3253: 3251: 3248: 3246: 3243: 3241: 3238: 3236: 3233: 3231: 3228: 3227: 3225: 3223: 3219: 3213: 3207: 3204: 3202: 3199: 3197: 3194: 3192: 3189: 3187: 3184: 3182: 3179: 3177: 3174: 3172: 3169: 3167: 3164: 3162: 3159: 3157: 3154: 3152: 3149: 3147: 3144: 3142: 3139: 3137: 3134: 3132: 3129: 3128: 3126: 3120: 3114: 3111: 3109: 3106: 3104: 3101: 3099: 3096: 3094: 3091: 3089: 3086: 3084: 3081: 3079: 3076: 3074: 3071: 3069: 3066: 3064: 3061: 3060: 3058: 3056: 3050: 3042: 3039: 3037: 3034: 3032: 3029: 3028: 3026: 3024: 3021: 3019: 3016: 3014: 3011: 3009: 3006: 3004: 3003:North America 3001: 2999: 2996: 2995: 2993: 2989: 2983: 2980: 2976: 2973: 2971: 2968: 2967: 2966: 2963: 2961: 2958: 2956: 2953: 2951: 2948: 2946: 2943: 2942: 2940: 2936: 2932: 2931:North America 2926: 2922: 2915: 2910: 2908: 2903: 2901: 2896: 2895: 2892: 2884: 2879: 2878: 2866: 2865: 2857: 2855: 2838: 2831: 2815: 2808: 2792: 2785: 2777: 2773: 2765: 2757: 2753: 2745: 2737: 2730: 2723: 2718: 2710: 2704: 2693:September 14, 2688: 2684: 2677: 2669: 2663: 2659: 2652: 2650: 2648: 2639: 2626: 2617:(Typewritten) 2615: 2608: 2600: 2594: 2586: 2579: 2571: 2565: 2557: 2550: 2543: 2539: 2534: 2525: 2518: 2517:Beta Theta Pi 2513: 2509: 2503: 2496: 2494: 2489: 2482: 2474: 2473: 2465: 2457: 2450: 2448: 2446: 2444: 2442: 2440: 2438: 2436: 2434: 2432: 2424: 2410: 2406: 2399: 2397: 2395: 2390: 2381: 2378: 2376: 2373: 2372: 2365: 2352: 2349: 2346: 2343: 2340: 2337: 2336: 2330: 2318: 2315: 2312: 2309: 2306: 2305: 2304: 2295: 2286: 2282: 2279: 2276: 2267: 2247: 2240: 2235: 2230: 2223: 2218: 2207: 2200: 2195: 2184:at Indiana, 2183: 2176: 2171: 2166: 2159: 2154: 2144:at Hartwick, 2143: 2136: 2131: 2120: 2119:Lambda Triton 2113: 2108: 2097: 2090: 2085: 2074: 2067: 2062: 2051: 2044: 2039: 2028: 2021: 2016: 2011: 2004: 1999: 1988: 1981: 1976: 1971: 1964: 1959: 1947: 1940: 1935: 1924: 1917: 1912: 1902:at Kentucky, 1901: 1894: 1889: 1879:at Kentucky, 1878: 1871: 1866: 1855: 1848: 1843: 1838: 1831: 1826: 1814: 1807: 1802: 1791: 1784: 1779: 1769:at Michigan, 1768: 1761: 1756: 1745: 1744:Beta Deuteron 1738: 1733: 1722: 1721:Beta Deuteron 1715: 1710: 1700:at Illinois, 1699: 1692: 1687: 1682: 1675: 1670: 1665: 1658: 1653: 1648: 1641: 1636: 1625: 1618: 1613: 1602: 1595: 1590: 1585: 1578: 1573: 1568: 1561: 1556: 1545: 1538: 1533: 1522: 1515: 1510: 1499: 1492: 1487: 1476: 1469: 1464: 1453: 1446: 1441: 1436: 1429: 1424: 1413: 1406: 1401: 1396: 1389: 1384: 1379: 1372: 1367: 1362: 1355: 1350: 1339: 1332: 1327: 1322: 1315: 1310: 1299: 1292: 1287: 1282: 1275: 1270: 1259: 1252: 1247: 1242: 1235: 1230: 1219: 1212: 1207: 1206: 1205: 1196: 1193: 1189: 1186: 1184: 1183:Epsilon Delta 1180: 1179:Gamma Epsilon 1176: 1172: 1171:Alpha Epsilon 1164: 1161: 1158: 1157: 1156: 1149: 1146: 1143: 1140: 1137: 1134: 1132: 1128: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1117: 1116: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1105:Beta Deuteron 1102: 1098: 1094: 1090: 1086: 1081: 1078: 1072: 1062: 1060: 1056: 1055:red carnation 1051: 1048: 1044: 1039: 1036: 1026: 1023: 1015: 1007: 999: 986: 973: 969: 965: 962: 953: 950: 947: 946:Phi Sigma Phi 942: 936: 928: 924: 922: 917: 915: 909: 907: 902: 898: 896: 891: 886: 884: 879: 874: 870: 868: 862: 851: 850: 845: 841: 839: 835: 830: 827: 822: 820: 816: 812: 808: 804: 799: 795: 785: 783: 779: 769: 763: 760: 758: 755: 753: 750: 748: 745: 743: 741: 738: 736: 733: 731: 728: 726: 723: 722: 721: 719: 714: 709: 708:"All Phi Sig" 703: 701: 697: 685: 684: 680: 674: 671: 660: 658: 654: 653:Massachusetts 650: 646: 641: 639: 638:Montana State 635: 631: 626: 623: 612: 610: 606: 602: 598: 594: 590: 586: 582: 578: 573: 562: 560: 554: 547: 546:UMass Amherst 536: 532: 530: 526: 522: 518: 517:Omega chapter 514: 508: 506: 502: 498: 494: 490: 486: 482: 478: 474: 470: 466: 461: 460: 456: 448: 444: 440: 437: 433: 431: 427: 423: 419: 414: 412: 408: 407:Union College 404: 400: 396: 385: 383: 379: 378:Alpha chapter 372:Grand Chapter 369: 363: 360: 358: 355: 353: 350: 348: 345: 343: 340: 338: 335: 334: 333: 330: 328: 324: 320: 306: 304: 300: 296: 292: 287: 283: 281: 276: 272: 268: 264: 260: 252: 243: 235: 231: 227:United States 220: 214: 206: 202: 199: 192: 188: 185: 182: 178: 175: 172: 168: 164: 160: 156: 152: 148: 144: 140: 136: 132: 129: 122: 116: 112: 109: 106: 102: 99:International 98: 94: 90: 86: 83: 80: 76: 72: 68: 64: 49: 45: 41: 36: 27: 22: 19: 4665: 4228: 4219:ΦΜΑ Sinfonia 3569:Puerto Rican 3218:fraternities 3122:Historically 3053:Historically 3013:Professional 2863: 2841:. Retrieved 2837:"PSKP Goals" 2830: 2818:. Retrieved 2807: 2795:. Retrieved 2784: 2775: 2771: 2764: 2755: 2751: 2744: 2735: 2729: 2722:PSKP website 2717: 2703: 2691:. Retrieved 2686: 2676: 2657: 2625:cite journal 2607: 2584: 2578: 2555: 2549: 2533: 2524: 2502: 2492: 2487: 2481: 2471: 2464: 2455: 2413:. Retrieved 2408: 2327: 2301: 2292: 2283: 2280: 2277: 2273: 2264: 2248:at Florida, 2245: 2228: 2205: 2182:Sigma Triton 2181: 2164: 2141: 2118: 2095: 2073:Theta Triton 2072: 2050:Theta Triton 2049: 2027:Delta Triton 2026: 2010:Gamma Triton 2009: 1986: 1972:at USC, 2013 1969: 1945: 1923:Chi Deuteron 1922: 1900:Phi Deuteron 1899: 1877:Phi Deuteron 1876: 1853: 1836: 1812: 1789: 1766: 1743: 1720: 1697: 1680: 1663: 1646: 1623: 1600: 1583: 1566: 1543: 1520: 1497: 1474: 1451: 1434: 1411: 1394: 1377: 1360: 1337: 1320: 1297: 1280: 1257: 1240: 1217: 1202: 1194: 1190: 1187: 1182: 1178: 1175:Beta Epsilon 1174: 1170: 1168: 1153: 1130: 1124: 1120: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1082: 1074: 1052: 1040: 1030: 1027: 1017: 1009: 1001: 993: 991: 966: 963: 959: 951: 937: 934: 925: 918: 910: 903: 899: 887: 875: 871: 867:World War II 864: 848: 847: 842: 833: 831: 825: 823: 811:Knox College 797: 791: 788:Civil rights 775: 766: 761: 756: 751: 746: 739: 734: 729: 724: 717: 712: 707: 704: 699: 692: 681: 677: 676: 669: 666: 663:World War II 656: 648: 642: 627: 618: 577:Oregon State 574: 566:May 12, 1923 563: 556: 551: 516: 509: 500: 462: 458: 454: 452: 446: 435: 434: 425: 417: 415: 410: 398: 391: 377: 375: 366: 331: 317: 288: 284: 266: 262: 254: 250: 249: 213:Indianapolis 204:Headquarters 193: 173: 121:Cardinal Red 107: 18: 4280:Odd Fellows 4275:Freemasonry 3449:-affiliated 3041:Puerto Rico 3036:Philippines 3008:High school 2970:U.S. deaths 2960:U.S. racism 2778:(2): 10–11. 2758:(2): 10–11. 2285:structure. 2253: 1952 2213: 1952 2189: 1949 2149: 1948 2126: 1948 2103: 1949 2096:Iota Triton 2080: 1950 2057: 1949 2034: 1943 2029:at Purdue, 1994: 1946 1987:Beta Triton 1953: 1946 1930: 1947 1907: 1941 1884: 1946 1861: 1950 1854:Pi Deuteron 1837:Xi Deuteron 1820: 1946 1813:Xi Deuteron 1797: 1948 1790:Mu Deuteron 1774: 1946 1751: 1947 1728: 1933 1705: 1950 1683:at Virginia 1631: 1944 1608: 1943 1551: 1952 1528: 1949 1505: 1948 1500:at Lehigh, 1482: 1950 1459: 1947 1419: 1950 1345: 1907 1305: 1941 1265: 1903 1225: 1910 834:Phi chapter 778:segregation 501:Rho chapter 447:Phi chapter 426:The Signet, 347:Henry Hague 170:Publication 78:Affiliation 4888:Categories 4496:ΚΑ Society 4074:ΚΑ Society 3222:sororities 2542:Campus Map 2495:, pp 32-35 2386:References 2324:Membership 2206:Tau Triton 2098:at UConn, 2075:at Texas, 2052:at Texas, 1220:at UMass, 931:Dissension 838:Swarthmore 713:The Signet 700:The Signet 696:Gold Stars 670:The Signet 645:Gettysburg 601:Washington 593:Ohio State 529:Iowa State 497:Ivy League 477:Penn State 325:, now the 280:Ivy League 271:fraternity 174:The Signet 57:1873-03-15 4626:ΦΓΔ(FIJI) 4461:FarmHouse 3798:FarmHouse 3216:Christian 2843:April 28, 2593:cite book 2564:cite book 2142:Nu Triton 1989:at Knox, 1477:at Penn, 1338:Epsilon's 585:Tennessee 521:Minnesota 485:Dartmouth 388:Expansion 297:(now the 184:77 active 4717:ΚΑ Order 4616:Triangle 4268:See also 4069:ΚΑ Order 3803:Triangle 2955:Stepping 2506:Now the 2369:See also 2191:(former) 1955:(former) 1948:at USC, 1822:(former) 1123:through 1065:Chapters 1059:Tea Rose 622:Sam Gale 597:Kentucky 581:Stanford 525:Illinois 473:Maryland 469:Columbia 432:(1891). 314:Founding 180:Chapters 3436:Delphic 3250:ΒΕΓΓΑΡΣ 3018:Service 2991:History 2938:General 2820:May 28, 2797:May 28, 2415:May 15, 1584:Omicron 1567:Omicron 1103:, then 1077:charter 1047:magenta 980:Symbols 956:Present 819:Phi Tau 589:Alabama 515:became 422:Cornell 323:Amherst 309:History 295:Amherst 263:Phi Sig 233:Website 219:Indiana 65:(UMass) 55: ( 47:Founded 4346:Acacia 4259:Acacia 3961:Clovia 3565:Latino 3031:France 3023:Canada 2945:Colony 2791:"FAQs" 2664: 2512:Q.T.V. 1452:Lambda 1043:silver 855:Merger 782:hazing 673:terms: 636:, and 630:Purdue 605:Oregon 491:, and 162:Mascot 154:Flower 134:Symbol 128:Silver 125: 118: 114:Colors 91:Active 88:Status 73:Social 3793:Ceres 3481:LGBTQ 3447:Scout 1435:Kappa 1412:Kappa 1378:Theta 1321:Delta 1298:Delta 1281:Delta 1258:Gamma 1218:Alpha 1155:are: 1125:Omega 1121:Alpha 1097:Omega 1093:Gamma 1085:Alpha 649:Creed 544:, at 489:Brown 455:Aggie 418:Gamma 399:Aggie 223:46240 104:Motto 96:Scope 3567:and 3318:ΣΑΕΠ 3220:and 3131:αΚΔΦ 2845:2008 2822:2008 2799:2008 2695:2013 2662:ISBN 2638:help 2599:link 2570:link 2417:2021 1395:Iota 1241:Beta 1089:Beta 1045:and 809:and 570:1957 527:and 481:Penn 479:and 411:Beta 393:the 242:.org 142:Flag 123:and 70:Type 4873:ΦΣΕ 4868:ΦΣΔ 4863:ΦΠΦ 4858:ΦΛΘ 4848:ΦΕΠ 4843:ΦΒΔ 4833:ΣΤΦ 4828:ΣΜΣ 4823:ΣΛΠ 4818:ΣΔΡ 4813:ΟΑΤ 4803:ΘΥΩ 4798:ΘΚΦ 4793:ΘΚΝ 4788:ΔΣΛ 4783:ΔΑΠ 4778:ΒΣΡ 4768:ΑΛΤ 4763:ΑΚΠ 4742:ΤΚΕ 4737:ΣΦΕ 4732:ΣΦΔ 4727:ΦΔΘ 4707:ΔΕΨ 4691:ΩΔΦ 4671:ΦΣΦ 4666:ΦΣΚ 4661:ΦΜΔ 4656:ΦΛΧ 4651:ΦΚΨ 4646:ΦΚΤ 4641:ΦΚΣ 4636:ΦΚΘ 4631:ΦΙΑ 4621:ΦΒΣ 4611:ΤΦΣ 4606:ΤΕΦ 4601:ΤΔΦ 4586:ΣΤΓ 4571:ΣΛΒ 4566:ΣΒΡ 4561:ΣΑΜ 4556:ΣΑΕ 4551:ΠΛΦ 4546:ΠΚΦ 4541:ΠΚΑ 4536:ΝΑΚ 4531:ΛΦΕ 4526:ΛΣΥ 4521:ΛΘΦ 4516:ΛΧΑ 4511:ΚΔΦ 4506:ΚΔΡ 4501:ΚΑΨ 4491:ΙΦΘ 4486:ΙΝΔ 4476:ΘΔΧ 4466:ΖΒΤ 4441:ΔΤΔ 4436:ΔΣΦ 4431:ΔΛΦ 4426:ΔΚΕ 4421:ΒΥΧ 4416:ΒΧΘ 4411:ΒΘΠ 4406:ΒΣΨ 4401:ΑΧΡ 4396:ΑΦΔ 4391:ΑΦΑ 4386:ΑΤΩ 4381:ΑΣΦ 4376:ΑΚΛ 4371:ΑΕΠ 4366:ΑΔΦ 4361:ΑΔΓ 4356:ΑΓΣ 4351:ΑΓΡ 4239:ΧΓΕ 4234:ΦΣΦ 4229:ΦΣΚ 4224:ΦΜΔ 4214:ΦΛΧ 4209:ΦΚΨ 4204:ΦΚΤ 4199:ΦΚΣ 4194:ΦΚΘ 4189:ΦΔΨ 4184:ΦΔΘ 4179:ΦΓΔ 4174:ΤΚΕ 4164:ΣΦΕ 4159:ΣΦΔ 4149:ΣΤΓ 4134:ΣΘΠ 4129:ΣΔΑ 4124:ΣΑΕ 4119:ΠΛΦ 4114:ΠΚΦ 4109:ΠΚΑ 4104:OΚΕ 4099:ΛΧΑ 4089:ΚΛΨ 4084:ΚΔΦ 4079:ΚΔΡ 4054:ΘΔΧ 4029:ΔΤΔ 4024:ΔΣΦ 4019:ΔΚΕ 4014:ΒΘΠ 4009:ΑΧΡ 4004:ΑΧΑ 3999:ΑΦΔ 3994:ΑΤΩ 3989:ΑΣΦ 3984:ΑΚΛ 3979:ΑΔΦ 3951:ΦΣΣ 3936:ΣΣΣ 3926:ΣΔΤ 3921:ΠΒΦ 3916:ΚΚΓ 3906:ΚΒΓ 3901:ΚΑΘ 3896:ΘΦΑ 3891:ΖΤΑ 3886:ΔΦΕ 3871:ΔΔΔ 3866:ΓΦΒ 3861:ΑΧΩ 3851:ΑΣΤ 3846:ΑΣΑ 3841:ΑΟΠ 3836:ΑΞΔ 3831:ΑΕΦ 3826:ΑΔΠ 3821:ΑΓΔ 3788:ΦΣΡ 3783:ΦΣΓ 3778:ΤΒΣ 3773:ΣΑΙ 3768:ΚΚΨ 3763:ΔΣΠ 3758:ΑΩΕ 3753:ΑΣΚ 3748:ΑΚΨ 3743:ΑΓΣ 3738:ΑΓΡ 3722:ΩΦΒ 3717:ΧΥΣ 3712:ΦΣΑ 3707:ΦΙΑ 3702:ΦΗΜ 3697:ΦΔΓ 3692:ΣΠΑ 3687:ΣΛΥ 3682:ΣΛΒ 3677:ΣΛΑ 3672:ΣΙΑ 3667:ΣΔΑ 3662:ΝΣΒ 3657:ΝΑΚ 3652:ΜΑΦ 3647:ΛΥΛ 3642:ΛΘΦ 3637:ΛΘΝ 3632:ΛΘΑ 3627:ΛΣΥ 3622:ΛΠΧ 3617:ΛΠΥ 3612:ΛΑΥ 3607:ΚΔΧ 3602:ΗΓΔ 3597:ΓΖΑ 3592:ΓΑΩ 3587:ΔΤΛ 3582:ΑΟΣ 3577:ΑΨΛ 3555:ΣΟΕ 3550:ΦΣΝ 3545:ΑΠΩ 3529:ΣΦΒ 3524:ΟΕΠ 3519:ΚΘΕ 3514:ΚΑΛ 3509:ΘΠΣ 3504:ΓΡΛ 3499:ΔΛΦ 3494:ΑΠΔ 3489:ΑΛΖ 3471:ΩΦΑ 3466:ΓΣΣ 3461:ΕΤΠ 3456:ΑΦΩ 3431:ΩΦΧ 3426:ΩΔΦ 3421:ΨΣΦ 3416:ΤΦΣ 3411:ΣΘΨ 3406:ΣΛΓ 3401:ΜΣΥ 3396:ΛΨΔ 3391:ΛΤΩ 3386:ΘΝΞ 3381:ΖΧΦ 3376:ΖΦΡ 3371:ΖΣΧ 3361:ΔΞΦ 3356:ΔΞΝ 3338:ΤΕΦ 3333:ΤΔΦ 3328:ΣΔΤ 3323:ΣΑΜ 3313:ΖΒΤ 3308:ΑΕΦ 3303:ΑΕΠ 3285:ΧΑΩ 3280:ΦΒΧ 3275:ΣΦΛ 3270:ΣΘΕ 3265:ΣΑΩ 3260:ΒΥΧ 3255:ΒΣΨ 3245:ΑΛΩ 3240:ΑΓΩ 3235:ΑΔΧ 3230:ΑΔΓ 3206:XPO 3201:ΣΦΩ 3196:ΣΨΖ 3191:ΣΟΠ 3186:ΣΒΡ 3181:ΠΔΨ 3176:ΠΑΦ 3171:ΛΦΕ 3166:ΚΦΛ 3161:ΙΝΔ 3156:ΔΦΩ 3151:ΔΚΔ 3146:ΔΕΨ 3141:ΒΧΘ 3136:ΑΦΓ 3113:WΨΦ 3108:ΩΨΦ 3103:ΦΡΗ 3098:ΦΒΣ 3093:ΣΓΡ 3088:ΚΑΨ 3083:ΙΦΘ 3078:ΖΦΒ 3073:ΔΣΘ 3068:ΑΦΑ 3063:ΑΚΑ 2776:CXI 2756:CXI 1681:Psi 1664:Chi 1647:Chi 1624:Phi 1361:Eta 1033:ΦΣΚ 996:ΦΣΚ 890:NIC 883:NIC 836:at 541:ΦΣΚ 493:MIT 420:at 321:in 293:in 267:PSK 265:or 257:ΦΣΚ 238:www 165:Owl 82:NIC 31:ΦΣΚ 4890:: 4853:ΦΚ 4838:ΦΑ 4808:ΚΝ 4773:ΒΚ 4747:ΘΧ 4722:ΚΣ 4712:ΔΨ 4686:ΨΥ 4681:ΧΨ 4676:ΧΦ 4596:ΣΧ 4591:ΣΦ 4581:ΣΠ 4576:ΣΝ 4481:ΘΞ 4471:ΖΨ 4456:ΔΧ 4451:ΔΦ 4446:ΔΥ 4254:ΨΥ 4249:ΧΨ 4244:ΧΦ 4169:ΣΧ 4154:ΣΦ 4144:ΣΠ 4139:ΣΝ 4094:ΚΣ 4064:ΘΧ 4059:ΘΞ 4049:ΖΨ 4044:ΔΧ 4039:ΔΦ 4034:ΔΥ 3956:ΧΩ 3946:ΦΜ 3941:ΣΨ 3931:ΣΚ 3911:ΚΔ 3881:ΔΖ 3876:ΔΓ 3856:ΑΦ 3366:ΓΗ 2853:^ 2774:. 2754:. 2685:. 2646:^ 2629:: 2627:}} 2623:{{ 2595:}} 2591:{{ 2566:}} 2562:{{ 2430:^ 2407:. 2393:^ 2250:c. 2210:c. 2186:c. 2146:c. 2123:c. 2100:c. 2077:c. 2054:c. 2031:c. 1991:c. 1950:c. 1927:c. 1904:c. 1881:c. 1858:c. 1817:c. 1794:c. 1771:c. 1748:c. 1725:c. 1702:c. 1628:c. 1605:c. 1601:Pi 1548:c. 1544:Xi 1525:c. 1521:Xi 1502:c. 1498:Nu 1479:c. 1475:Mu 1456:c. 1416:c. 1342:c. 1302:c. 1262:c. 1222:c. 1107:, 1091:, 1087:, 805:, 780:, 640:. 632:, 607:, 603:, 599:, 595:, 591:, 587:, 583:, 579:, 523:, 487:, 475:, 471:, 467:, 216:, 4324:e 4317:t 4310:v 2913:e 2906:t 2899:v 2847:. 2824:. 2801:. 2697:. 2670:. 2640:) 2636:( 2619:. 2601:) 2572:) 2544:. 2425:. 2419:. 1020:Κ 1012:Σ 1004:Φ 253:( 59:)

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Index