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the adversary can use no less well is faulty, and that is called a common
Introduction. That Introduction, again, is faulty which the opponent can turn to his own use against you. And again that is faulty which has been composed in too laboured a style, or is too long; and that which does not appear to have grown out of the cause itself in such a way to have an intimate connection with the Statement of Facts; and, finally, that which fails to make the hearer well disposed or receptive or attentive.
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1557:. The very process of organizing arguments might result in the need to discover and research new ones. An orator would refine his arguments and their organization until they were arranged properly. He would then proceed to those topics that are generally associated with rhetoric presently—the development of the style and delivery of the arguments.
1498:. Quintilian explained that in the narratio "we shall for instance represent a person accused of theft as covetous, accused of adultery as lustful, accused of homicide as rash, or attribute the opposite qualities to these persons if we are defending them; further we must do the same with place, time and the like".
1682:
was the portion of the discourse in which the orator would prepare the audience to hear his arguments in a favorable mindset. "An exordium can serve different kinds of functions in the differing species of rhetoric, but in all of them some of the major themes of the coming discourse will be announced
1764:
But this deficiency was supplied in them by an elaborate knowledge of the art of
Speaking; and there was not one of them who was totally unqualified in any of the five principal parts of which it is composed; for whenever this is the case, (and it matters not in which of those parts it happens) it
1664:
In the
Introduction of a cause we must make sure that our style is temperate and that the words are in current use, so that the discourse seems unprepared. An Introduction is faulty if it can be applied as well to a number of causes; that is called a banal Introduction. Again, an Introduction which
1464:
defined two essential parts of a discourse: the statement of the case and the proof of the case. For example, in a legal argument, a prosecutor must first declare the charges against the defendant and provide the relevant facts; then he must present the evidence that proves guilt. Aristotle allowed
1534:
While this structure might appear to be very rigid (and certainly some writers on the subject were overly pedantic), it was in practice subject to modification. Cicero and
Quintilian, for example, encouraged writers to rearrange the structure when it strengthened their case: for instance, if the
1523:. If the rhetor anticipates that certain people in his audience may disagree with his speech, he must be prepared to refute the argument that could possibly be presented in opposition to his original speech.
1538:
Within each major part, there were additional tactics that might be employed. For instance, a prosecutor might summarize his case with forceful repetition of his main tenets using a technique known as
1720:
During the first century B.C. it was common for two or more speakers to appear on each side in major court cases. In such cases it was considered an honour to be asked to deliver the peroration.
1530:. Cicero taught that a rhetor can do three things in this part: summarize his arguments, try to discredit anyone who disagrees with him, and arouse sympathy for himself, his clients, or his case.
1697:("peroration"), as the final part of a speech, had two main purposes in classical rhetoric: to remind the audience of the main points of the speech (
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What kind of cause is he presenting? For instance, is it an honorable cause (defense of a hero) or a dishonorable one (defense of a murderer)?
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1911:
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1709:; but it is most often associated with Roman orators, who made frequent use of emotional appeals. A famous example was the speech of
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The speaker should introduce their own character or credentials, so as to make the audience predisposed to believing their arguments.
1449:
The first part of any rhetorical exercise was to discover the proper arguments to use, which was done by the formalized methods of
1059:
1869:
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1786:
1262:
1617:, meaning "to begin") was the introductory portion of an oration. The term is Latin and the Greek equivalent was termed the
1509:). It has two functions: to name the issues in dispute and to list the arguments to be used in the order they will appear.
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Lastly, the speaker must avoid certain faults in the introduction. For example, this excerpt from the Roman
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opposing arguments were known to be powerful, it might be better to state the refutation before the proof.
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If required, or possible, the speaker might also question the character or credentials of his opponent.
1634:, the orator states the purpose of the discourse. In doing this, they need to consider several things:
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1453:. The next problem was to select various arguments and organize them into an effective discourse.
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Should a direct beginning be favoured, or should the beginning be more subtle and indirect?
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is the system used for the organization of arguments in the context of
Western classical
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1544:. The defense attorney in the same case might use a different method for his summation.
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1491:. In the exordium, the speaker gives their main argument, and all relevant information.
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1705:). The role of the peroration was defined by Greek writers on rhetoric, who termed it
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that in practice most discourse also requires an introduction and a conclusion.
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1481:, refined this organizational scheme, so that there were eventually six parts:
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In what manner ought the speaker to proceed (e.g., humorously or seriously)?
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was also considered an iterative process, particularly in conjunction with
1516:. It confirms or validates the material given in the narratio and partitio.
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It is the second of five canons of classical rhetoric (the first being
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1781:. Vol. II. Downers Grove, Illinois: IVP Academic. p. 297.
1384:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
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42:
1446:) that concern the crafting and delivery of speeches and writing.
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1673:, I. vii, 11, trans. Harry Caplan, Loeb Classical Library, 1954.)
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1427:, and can be translated as "organization" or "arrangement".
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intirely incapacitates a man to shine as an Orator.
1601:
1583:
1519:the refutation of possible opposing arguments, or
1501:a listing of the major tenets of the argument, or
3987:
1779:Letters and Homilies For Hellenized Christians
1905:
1329:
1776:
1746:Cicero, Marcus Tullius (15 November 2011).
1731:Ancient Rhetorics for Contemporary Students
1413:
970:A Dialogue Concerning Oratorical Partitions
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1898:
1336:
1322:
1400:Learn how and when to remove this message
1060:Copia: Foundations of the Abundant Style
14:
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1931:
1893:
1263:Rhetoric of social intervention model
1733:. New York: Pearson Education, 2004.
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1749:Brutus or History of Famous Orators
1701:) and to influence their emotions (
1473:Later writers on rhetoric, such as
24:
1729:Crowley, Sharon and Debra Hawhee.
25:
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1762:– via Project Gutenberg.
1919:
1816:
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1777:Witherington, Ben III (2007).
1770:
1739:
1494:the statement of the case, or
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1:
3652:
1723:
1233:List of feminist rhetoricians
3441:Ordinary language philosophy
1932:
1686:
1456:
1223:Glossary of rhetorical terms
7:
3491:Contemporary utilitarianism
3406:Internalism and externalism
1560:
1380:the claims made and adding
1070:Language as Symbolic Action
10:
4012:
2755:Svatantrika and Prasangika
2394:
1512:the proof of the case, or
1434:, and the remaining being
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2119:
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2043:
2015:
1977:Philosophy of mathematics
1967:Philosophy of information
1942:
1938:
1927:
1609:; meaning "beginning" in
980:De Optimo Genere Oratorum
3446:Postanalytic philosophy
3387:Experimental philosophy
1885:Book 1, Sections 98-109
920:De Sophisticis Elenchis
3579:Social constructionism
2591:Hellenistic philosophy
2007:Theoretical philosophy
1982:Philosophy of religion
1972:Philosophy of language
1676:
1671:Rhetorica ad Herennium
1656:Rhetorica ad Herennium
1414:
1040:De doctrina Christiana
1030:Dialogus de oratoribus
950:Rhetorica ad Herennium
176:Captatio benevolentiae
3962:Philosophy portal
3481:Scientific skepticism
3461:Reformed epistemology
1987:Philosophy of science
1662:
1659:lists several faults:
1485:the introduction, or
1208:Communication studies
1050:De vulgari eloquentia
910:Rhetoric to Alexander
3382:Critical rationalism
3089:Edo neo-Confucianism
2933:Acintya bheda abheda
2912:Renaissance humanism
2623:School of the Sextii
1997:Practical philosophy
1992:Political philosophy
1505:(sometimes known as
2953:Nimbarka Sampradaya
2864:Korean Confucianism
2611:Academic Skepticism
1865:Institutio Oratoria
1526:the conclusion, or
1213:Composition studies
1144:Health and medicine
1010:Institutio Oratoria
217:Eloquentia perfecta
3574:Post-structuralism
3476:Scientific realism
3431:Quinean naturalism
3411:Logical positivism
3367:Analytical Marxism
2586:Peripatetic school
2498:Chinese naturalism
2025:Aesthetic response
1952:Applied philosophy
1855:Book 3, Chapter 19
1365:possibly contains
1298:Terministic screen
1080:A General Rhetoric
610:Resignation speech
147:Studia humanitatis
129:Byzantine rhetoric
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3362:Analytic feminism
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3333:
3296:Kierkegaardianism
3258:Transcendentalism
3218:Neo-scholasticism
3064:Classical Realism
3041:
3040:
2813:
2812:
2628:Neopythagoreanism
2385:
2384:
2381:
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2002:Social philosophy
1870:Book 6, Chapter 1
1788:978-0-8308-2933-0
1410:
1409:
1402:
1367:original research
1346:
1345:
1273:Rogerian argument
1020:Panegyrici Latini
112:The age of Cicero
27:Canon of rhetoric
16:(Redirected from
4003:
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3539:Frankfurt School
3486:Transactionalism
3436:Normative ethics
3416:Legal positivism
3392:Falsificationism
3377:Consequentialism
3372:Communitarianism
3345:
3344:
3213:New Confucianism
3052:
3051:
2859:Neo-Confucianism
2824:
2823:
2633:Second Sophistic
2618:Middle Platonism
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2460:
2402:
2401:
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2234:Epiphenomenalism
2101:Consequentialism
2035:Institutionalism
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1238:List of speeches
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689:Neo-Aristotelian
256:Figure of speech
117:Second Sophistic
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3620:Russian cosmism
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3589:Western Marxism
3554:New Historicism
3519:Critical theory
3505:
3501:Wittgensteinian
3397:Foundationalism
3330:
3267:
3248:Social contract
3104:Foundationalism
3037:
3019:
3003:Illuminationism
2988:Aristotelianism
2974:
2963:Vishishtadvaita
2916:
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2576:Megarian school
2571:Eretrian school
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2473:Agriculturalism
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2146:Incompatibilism
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3529:Existentialism
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3524:Deconstruction
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3389:
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3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3357:Applied ethics
3353:
3351:
3342:
3336:
3335:
3332:
3331:
3329:
3328:
3323:
3321:Nietzscheanism
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3292:
3291:
3281:
3275:
3273:
3269:
3268:
3266:
3265:
3263:Utilitarianism
3260:
3255:
3250:
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3230:
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3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
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3161:Transcendental
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3128:
3127:
3126:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3099:Existentialism
3096:
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3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3055:
3049:
3043:
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3018:
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2984:
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2924:
2922:
2918:
2917:
2915:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2887:Augustinianism
2884:
2878:
2876:
2870:
2869:
2867:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2830:
2828:
2821:
2815:
2814:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2807:
2802:
2800:Zoroastrianism
2797:
2792:
2786:
2784:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2774:
2773:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
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2688:
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2643:Church Fathers
2640:
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2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
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2170:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2160:
2158:Libertarianism
2155:
2154:
2153:
2143:
2142:
2141:
2131:
2125:
2123:
2117:
2116:
2114:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2097:
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2080:
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2070:
2065:
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2055:
2049:
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2041:
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2032:
2027:
2021:
2019:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1962:Metaphilosophy
1959:
1954:
1948:
1946:
1936:
1935:
1925:
1924:
1917:
1916:
1909:
1902:
1894:
1888:
1887:
1872:
1857:
1840:
1839:External links
1837:
1834:
1833:
1815:
1794:
1787:
1769:
1737:
1736:
1735:
1734:
1725:
1722:
1713:in defence of
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1678:In short, the
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1469:Latin rhetoric
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1423:. The word is
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1202:Ars dictaminis
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1000:On the Sublime
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549:Lightning talk
546:
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527:
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512:
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365:
358:
346:
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336:
334:Method of loci
331:
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317:
312:
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303:
296:
289:
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270:
269:
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263:
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114:
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92:
87:
82:
77:
70:Ancient Greece
66:
60:
59:
58:
55:
54:
46:
45:
39:
38:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4008:
3997:
3994:
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3991:
3976:
3975:
3966:
3964:
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3948:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3906:
3904:
3902:Miscellaneous
3900:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
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3849:
3846:
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3827:
3824:
3823:
3822:
3819:
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3814:
3812:
3809:
3808:
3806:
3804:
3800:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3770:
3768:
3766:
3762:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3717:
3715:
3713:
3709:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3684:
3682:
3680:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3667:
3663:
3655:
3654:
3650:
3646:
3628:
3627:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3602:
3600:
3598:Miscellaneous
3596:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3584:Structuralism
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3569:Postmodernism
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3559:Phenomenology
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3516:
3514:
3512:
3508:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3496:Vienna Circle
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3426:Moral realism
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3350:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3337:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3290:
3287:
3286:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3276:
3274:
3270:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3228:Phenomenology
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3168:Individualism
3166:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3133:
3132:
3129:
3125:
3122:
3121:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3056:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3044:
3034:
3033:Judeo-Islamic
3031:
3030:
3028:
3026:
3022:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3010:
3009:ʿIlm al-Kalām
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2985:
2983:
2981:
2977:
2971:
2968:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2958:Shuddhadvaita
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
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2936:
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2923:
2919:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2892:Scholasticism
2890:
2888:
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2880:
2879:
2877:
2875:
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2865:
2862:
2860:
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2801:
2798:
2796:
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2783:
2779:
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2728:
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2723:
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2716:
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2709:
2706:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
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2679:
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2669:
2667:
2664:
2663:
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2656:
2654:
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2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2593:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2530:
2527:
2526:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2515:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
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2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2470:
2468:
2466:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2453:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
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2427:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
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2407:
2403:
2399:
2392:
2388:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2343:Conceptualism
2341:
2339:
2336:
2335:
2333:
2331:
2327:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2307:
2305:
2303:
2299:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2272:Particularism
2270:
2268:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2260:
2256:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2239:Functionalism
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2224:Eliminativism
2222:
2220:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2212:
2208:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2165:
2159:
2156:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2147:
2144:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2129:Compatibilism
2127:
2126:
2124:
2122:
2118:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2090:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2068:Particularism
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2042:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2014:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1915:
1910:
1908:
1903:
1901:
1896:
1895:
1892:
1886:
1882:
1881:
1880:De Inventione
1876:
1873:
1871:
1867:
1866:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1852:
1851:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1831:
1827:
1826:
1819:
1813:
1809:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1790:
1784:
1780:
1773:
1766:
1751:
1750:
1742:
1738:
1732:
1728:
1727:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1699:recapitulatio
1696:
1689:
1684:
1683:in advance".
1681:
1672:
1668:
1667:
1666:
1658:
1657:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1628:
1626:
1622:
1621:
1616:
1612:
1606:
1570:
1563:
1558:
1556:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1543:
1542:
1536:
1529:
1525:
1522:
1518:
1515:
1511:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1497:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1484:
1483:
1482:
1480:
1476:
1466:
1463:
1454:
1452:
1447:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1428:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1416:
1404:
1401:
1393:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1369:
1368:
1363:This article
1361:
1352:
1351:
1348:
1339:
1334:
1332:
1327:
1325:
1320:
1319:
1317:
1316:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1303:Toulmin model
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1288:Talking point
1286:
1284:
1283:Speechwriting
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
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3615:Postcritique
3605:Kyoto School
3564:Posthumanism
3544:Hermeneutics
3399: /
3340:Contemporary
3316:Newtonianism
3279:Cartesianism
3238:Reductionism
3074:Conservatism
3069:Collectivism
3007:
2735:Sarvāstivadā
2713:Anekantavada
2638:Neoplatonism
2606:Epicureanism
2539:Pythagoreans
2478:Confucianism
2444:Contemporary
2434:Early modern
2338:Anti-realism
2292:Universalism
2249:Subjectivism
2045:Epistemology
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1390:January 2024
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1119:Constitutive
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702:Rhetoricians
615:Stump speech
532:Invitational
485:
470:Dissoi logoi
468:
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439:Controversia
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107:Ancient Rome
3610:Objectivism
3549:Neo-Marxism
3511:Continental
3421:Meta-ethics
3401:Coherentism
3306:Hegelianism
3243:Rationalism
3203:Natural law
3183:Materialism
3109:Historicism
3079:Determinism
2970:Navya-Nyāya
2745:Sautrāntika
2740:Pudgalavada
2676:Vaisheshika
2529:Presocratic
2429:Renaissance
2368:Physicalism
2353:Materialism
2259:Normativity
2244:Objectivism
2229:Emergentism
2219:Behaviorism
2168:Metaphysics
2134:Determinism
2073:Rationalism
1812:2.xlvii.194
1758:21 November
1541:accumulatio
1514:confirmatio
1308:Wooden iron
1268:Rhetrickery
1243:Oral skills
1179:Composition
1114:Contrastive
934:(c. 350 BC)
924:(c. 350 BC)
914:(c. 350 BC)
904:(c. 350 BC)
894:(c. 370 BC)
754:Demosthenes
734:Brueggemann
669:Ideological
520:Homiletics
433:Declamation
423:Apologetics
273:Five canons
141:Renaissance
124:Middle Ages
3909:Amerindian
3816:Australian
3755:Vietnamese
3735:Indonesian
3284:Kantianism
3233:Positivism
3223:Pragmatism
3198:Naturalism
3178:Liberalism
3156:Subjective
3094:Empiricism
2998:Avicennism
2943:Bhedabheda
2827:East Asian
2750:Madhyamaka
2730:Abhidharma
2596:Pyrrhonism
2363:Nominalism
2358:Naturalism
2287:Skepticism
2277:Relativism
2267:Absolutism
2196:Naturalism
2106:Deontology
2078:Skepticism
2063:Naturalism
2053:Empiricism
2017:Aesthetics
1921:Philosophy
1860:Quintilian
1807:De Oratore
1724:References
1549:dispositio
1521:confutatio
1479:Quintilian
1415:Dispositio
1374:improve it
1164:Technology
1154:Procedural
974:(c. 50 BC)
960:De Oratore
824:Quintilian
819:Protagoras
674:Metaphoric
598:Propaganda
481:Epideictic
395:Sotto voce
349:Persuasion
344:Operations
286:Dispositio
182:Chironomia
18:Peroration
3788:Pakistani
3750:Taiwanese
3697:Ethiopian
3670:By region
3656:By region
3471:Scientism
3466:Systemics
3326:Spinozism
3253:Socialism
3188:Modernism
3151:Objective
3059:Anarchism
2993:Averroism
2882:Christian
2834:Neotaoism
2805:Zurvanism
2795:Mithraism
2790:Mazdakism
2561:Cyrenaics
2488:Logicians
2121:Free will
2083:Solipsism
2030:Formalism
1850:Rhetorica
1845:Aristotle
1715:Aquillius
1695:peroratio
1688:Peroratio
1625:prooimion
1547:Finally,
1528:peroratio
1462:Aristotle
1457:Aristotle
1378:verifying
1278:Seduction
1109:Cognitive
1097:Subfields
1024:(100–400)
779:Isocrates
719:Augustine
709:Aristotle
684:Narrative
634:Criticism
579:Philippic
493:Panegyric
476:Elocution
457:Dialectic
377:Situation
238:Facilitas
232:Enthymeme
211:Eloquence
193:Delectare
3996:Rhetoric
3990:Category
3974:Category
3929:Yugoslav
3919:Romanian
3826:Scottish
3811:American
3740:Japanese
3720:Buddhist
3702:Africana
3692:Egyptian
3534:Feminist
3456:Rawlsian
3451:Quietism
3349:Analytic
3301:Krausism
3208:Nihilism
3173:Kokugaku
3136:Absolute
3131:Idealism
3119:Humanism
2907:Occamism
2874:European
2819:Medieval
2765:Yogacara
2725:Buddhist
2718:Syādvāda
2601:Stoicism
2566:Cynicism
2554:Sophists
2549:Atomists
2544:Eleatics
2483:Legalism
2424:Medieval
2348:Idealism
2302:Ontology
2282:Nihilism
2186:Idealism
1944:Branches
1933:Branches
1822:Cicero,
1707:epilogos
1703:affectus
1680:exordium
1632:exordium
1615:exordiri
1569:exordium
1562:Exordium
1554:inventio
1507:partitio
1496:narratio
1488:exordium
1451:inventio
1436:elocutio
1432:inventio
1421:rhetoric
1149:Pedagogy
1129:Feminist
900:Rhetoric
890:Phaedrus
884:(380 BC)
834:Richards
804:Perelman
652:Pentadic
647:Dramatic
591:Suasoria
569:Diatribe
510:Forensic
487:Encomium
452:Demagogy
321:Imitatio
293:Elocutio
279:Inventio
249:Informal
168:Concepts
95:Sophists
90:Calliope
80:Atticism
75:Asianism
43:Rhetoric
35:a series
33:Part of
3924:Russian
3893:Spanish
3888:Slovene
3878:Maltese
3873:Italian
3853:Finland
3821:British
3803:Western
3793:Turkish
3778:Islamic
3773:Iranian
3725:Chinese
3712:Eastern
3679:African
3626:more...
3311:Marxism
3141:British
3084:Dualism
2980:Islamic
2938:Advaita
2928:Vedanta
2902:Scotism
2897:Thomism
2839:Tiantai
2782:Persian
2770:Tibetan
2760:Śūnyatā
2701:Cārvāka
2691:Ājīvika
2686:Mīmāṃsā
2666:Samkhya
2581:Academy
2534:Ionians
2508:Yangism
2465:Chinese
2456:Ancient
2419:Western
2414:Ancient
2373:Realism
2330:Reality
2320:Process
2201:Realism
2181:Dualism
2176:Atomism
2058:Fideism
1753:(eBook)
1630:In the
1613:; from
1503:divisio
1440:memoria
1372:Please
1194:Related
1169:Therapy
1159:Science
1124:Digital
1004:(c. 50)
994:(46 BC)
984:(46 BC)
964:(55 BC)
954:(80 BC)
944:(84 BC)
880:Gorgias
849:Toulmin
844:Tacitus
794:McLuhan
769:Gorgias
764:Erasmus
759:Derrida
724:Bakhtin
714:Aspasia
679:Mimesis
642:Cluster
574:Eristic
564:Polemic
559:Oratory
537:Lecture
300:Memoria
244:Fallacy
187:Decorum
134:Trivium
62:History
3883:Polish
3863:German
3858:French
3843:Danish
3833:Canada
3783:Jewish
3745:Korean
3730:Indian
3272:People
3193:Monism
3146:German
3114:Holism
3047:Modern
3025:Jewish
2948:Dvaita
2921:Indian
2844:Huayan
2696:Ajñana
2653:Indian
2518:Greco-
2503:Taoism
2493:Mohism
2439:Modern
2406:By era
2395:By era
2310:Action
2191:Monism
2111:Virtue
2093:Ethics
1875:Cicero
1825:Brutus
1802:Cicero
1785:
1475:Cicero
1442:, and
1253:Pistis
1248:Orator
1174:Visual
1084:(1970)
1074:(1966)
1064:(1521)
1054:(1305)
990:Orator
930:Topics
859:Weaver
789:Lysias
784:Lucian
774:Hobbes
749:de Man
744:Cicero
542:Public
525:Sermon
500:Eulogy
428:Debate
416:Genres
362:Pathos
328:Kairos
315:Hypsos
261:Scheme
226:Eunoia
206:Device
200:Docere
3914:Aztec
3868:Greek
3848:Dutch
3838:Czech
3687:Bantu
3124:Anti-
2671:Nyaya
2661:Hindu
2521:Roman
2315:Event
1957:Logic
1620:proem
1611:Latin
1425:Latin
1044:(426)
1034:(102)
872:Works
839:Smith
829:Ramus
814:Plato
809:Pizan
739:Burke
729:Booth
664:Genre
659:Frame
402:Topos
387:Grand
382:Style
369:Logos
355:Ethos
339:Modes
266:Trope
3015:Sufi
2849:Chan
2708:Jain
2681:Yoga
2211:Mind
2151:Hard
2139:Hard
1783:ISBN
1760:2021
1693:The
1567:The
1477:and
1218:Doxa
1014:(95)
854:Vico
603:Spin
3289:Neo
2854:Zen
1830:190
1623:or
1590:ɔːr
1376:by
1293:TED
1139:New
799:Ong
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