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head, whose lower end advances against one end of a lever with a right-angle bend in it. The string is fastened to the other end of the lever, and tightening the screw tightens the string. With the screw at the lower limit of its travel, the lever can come close enough to the instrument's top to pose
318:
The taper allows the peg to turn more easily when pulled out slightly, and to hold firmly when pushed in while being turned. Since the typical wear pattern on a peg shaft interferes with this action, pegs occasionally require refitting, a specialized job which amounts to reshaping both pegs and holes
874:
designed to fit inside a case shaped like a friction peg. They have seen some adoption as they look almost exactly like friction pegs, require no more modification of the instrument than a new set of friction pegs, and make fine tuners unnecessary. They are also durable and less sensitive to changes
866:
instruments also exist, although they have not gained wide use, which has to do with the extensive and irreversible physical modification that must be made to the peg box in order to mount them, which is often viewed as ruining the aesthetics of the instrument, combined with a bad reputation they
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Pegs are tapered, and must contact the insides of the holes on both sides of the pegbox. The fit is very important, of course, as is the nature of the contacting surfaces there. Raw wood on raw wood never works well, so a preparation is usually applied to facilitate a smooth turning of the
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603:
within minutes as soon as the peg slips again. With too much friction, adjusting the tuning at all is impossible. If the pegs or their holes are not perfectly round, or if the bearing surfaces of the pegs are indented from wear, peg dope will not remedy the resulting problems.
598:
Without the proper amount of friction to hold the peg in place, a tapered tuning peg will tend to "slip", making a tuning setting virtually impossible to maintain. String instruments with pegs that are slipping can be tuned briefly, but will be
650:
Tuning pins may be known as wrest pins or zither pins, regardless of the instrument on which they are used. They are used on instruments with many close strings, as they are more compact and cheaper. Modern pianos use threaded pins, as do many
991:. It consists of braided leather rings that wrap around the neck of the instrument. The rings are pulled along the neck of the instrument to change string tension. It can be quick to adjust but requires a fair degree of strength.
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407:
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638:, which allows the wood to retain more strength for a given weight. They can, however, also be set in holes drilled right through the wood, to look like older pins. Threaded pins can be installed with an
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varies; while higher ratios are more sensitive, they are also more difficult to manufacture precisely. Machine heads may be open, with exposed gears, or closed, with a casing around all the gears.
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A tapered peg is simply a smooth peg with a string wound around it. The tension of the string is controlled by turning the peg, and the peg is held in place by friction in its hole (in contrast to
634:
Threaded tuners are durable, will take very high string tensions. They do not push outwards on the hole and wedge the wood apart, which can reduce the risk of splitting it. They can be set in
190:. The socket on the tuning lever fits over the pin and allows it to be turned. Tuning pins are used on instruments where there is no space for a knob on each string, such as pianos and harps.
881:
627:, or they will not stay in tune well. Some pin block woods come from endangered trees. Some specialized plywoods can also be used (piano pin block stock or the die maker's ply used for
147:
Medieval bone tuning pin. One end is pierced for the string; the other is squared off to fit in a tuning lever socket. The middle section, which would pass through the wood, is tapered.
825:, reduce string afterlength. Fine tuners are common on cellos, but some violinists regard them as an aid for beginners who have not yet learned to tune precisely using pegs alone.
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53:
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a risk of scarring it. To avoid damage to the top, the screw may be turned out as far as it goes while still engaging the lever, and the string re-tuned using the peg.
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pegs have a slightly more aggressive 1:25 taper. 19th century and earlier pegs, for use with stretchier gut strings, typically had an even steeper taper of 1:20.
778:
326:, tuning lever, or tuning wrench. Historically, pins were also tapered (see image of bone peg, right), but they are now generally threaded, instead (see below).
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tension. Tuning pegs that are well fitted and properly doped will both turn smoothly throughout an entire rotation and hold firmly wherever the player wishes.
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of some stringed instruments, as a supplement to the tapered pegs at the other end. Tapered pegs are harder to use to make small adjustments to pitch.
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Turning the peg or pin tightens or loosens the string. Some tuning pegs and pins are tapered, some threaded. Some tuning pegs are ornamented with
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802:. Here, the two strings on the far side pass through the keyhole slots directly, but the nearer two strings use fine tuners.
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Peg dope serves two different (and almost conflicting) purposes. It both lubricates the peg shaft so it turns easily in the
502:
often use modern tuning machines instead. Tapered pegs are also used on older
European instruments, such as the Bulgarian
93:
867:
acquired due to poorly designed early models that were prone to failure, often with catastrophically damaging results.
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Fine tuners can buzz, and may cut strings if not filed smooth before use. They add weight and, when not built into the
479:
1074:
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642:, and do not need to be re-set, but should be backed off a few turns when changing a string to keep pin height even.
584:), a block, or as a liquid in a bottle. Commonly used home expedient treatments may include soap, graphite, or talc.
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have conical shafts, turned to a 1:30 taper, changing in diameter by 1 mm over a distance of 30 mm. Modern
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A properly working peg will turn easily and hold reliably, that is, it will neither stick nor slip. Modern pegs for
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Mounted open machine heads. Note slot in background where the strings are wound around the pin of the tuner.
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is perhaps the most common system. A peg has a grip or knob on it to allow it to be turned. A
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Different types of stringed instrument parts and their methods for tuning stringed instruments
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Like tapered pins, threaded pins must be set in a pin block of fairly hard wood, such as
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Tapered tuning pins are similar, but must be turned with a tuning tool, usually called a
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1262:"Make an easier-to-tune replacement neck for a leather-ring (Konso) African Kora neck"
1981:
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tuning peg, not yet shaved to fit an instrument. Note smooth taper and finger grip.
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A tuning lever of another shape, like that used on the piano in the earlier image.
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A medieval tuning key with a square socket, for turning tuning pins. Excavated in
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580:). Manufactured varieties are generally sold in either a small stick (resembling
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Among modern
Western musical instruments, tapered pegs are most often used on
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Tapered pegs are a simple, ancient design, common in many musical traditions.
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family instruments are usually geared, and are called tuning machines or
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Two types of compound; bearing surfaces of peg are visible as shiny bands
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Tuning pins usually have square ends, allowing them to be turned with a
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and provides friction to keep the pegs from slipping with the force of
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1089:"Chapter 2. Creating, Buying, Borrowing or Stealing a Design"
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251:) that houses the tuning pegs. The corresponding part of the
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1075:"Restricted and Endangered Wood Species | The Wood Database"
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tuned with konso (braided leather ring) string terminations.
2216:
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1301:
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252:
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in temperature and humidity. They are popular on banjos.
450:
1177:"How to Select the Right Fine Tuners | Strings Magazine"
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Close-up of the gearing of a mounted open machine head
212:
friction tuning system (using braided leather rings).
813:
Fine tuners are not geared. They have a screw with a
433:
Brass tuning pins on a replica of the late medieval
163:
produced when the string is played by adjusting the
197:, metal, or plastic inlays, beads (pips) or rings.
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
870:The most recently marketed pegs of this sort use
186:is a tuning peg with a detachable grip, called a
2264:
612:Some pegs and pins are threaded with a shallow,
1171:
1169:
1663:
1287:
705:A one-cord-per-note piano being tuned with a
1166:
1047:"Chapter 8. Fabricating the Neck and Pillar"
69:"Tuning mechanisms for stringed instruments"
1160:"How to Install and Use Violin Fine Tuners"
1135:"Threaded Harp Tuning Pins | Dusty Strings"
1670:
1656:
1294:
1280:
1019:
987:The konso system is traditionally used on
941:Tuning a guitar with closed machine heads
789:
607:
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
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793:
532:
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284:
280:
142:
131:
1244:"Banjo Tuning Pegs Planetary vs Geared"
14:
2265:
215:
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478:Tapered pegs are common on classical
319:to a smooth circular conical taper.
58:adding citations to reliable sources
29:
24:
721:Tuning pins and tuning lever on a
25:
2289:
1677:
740:also carry pins rather than pegs.
151:A variety of methods are used to
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521:instruments, though usually the
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1236:
1219:"Information â Perfection pegs"
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45:needs additional citations for
2278:String instrument construction
1205:"The Violin Shop: Fine Tuners"
1191:"dummies - Learning Made Easy"
1152:
1141:
1127:
1109:
1081:
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1013:
929:, detached from the instrument
913:, detached from the instrument
679:The threaded tuning pins on a
13:
1:
1223:perfectionpegs.twofold.com.au
1006:
979:Jali Fily Sissokho playing a
370:Ornate jade tuning pins on a
200:Other tuning systems include
2273:Guitar parts and accessories
806:Fine tuners are used on the
467:Tuning pegs with knobs on a
7:
994:
588:
528:
354:The single tuning peg of a
179:
10:
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832:
389:for turning the pins of a
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2018:
1918:
1833:
1801:
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1429:Music On A Long Thin Wire
1332:
1318:
667:, and other instruments.
2006:(changing string tuning)
1325:HornbostelâSachs numbers
1117:"FolcHarp - Zither pins"
1022:"String Instrument Care"
970:
645:
224:is the part of certain
139:pegbox, retouched image
1406:Long-string instrument
1148:Replacing harp strings
984:
803:
790:Screw-and-lever tuners
683:must be turned with a
608:Threaded pegs and pins
538:
525:uses tuning machines.
472:
458:
449:pegbox and pegs of an
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202:screw-and-lever tuners
148:
140:
2227:Violin musical styles
2175:History of the violin
1811:Electric upright bass
978:
797:
536:
466:
288:
281:Tapered pegs and pins
146:
135:
2078:Double bass concerto
494:, but some like the
157:stringed instruments
54:improve this article
2107:Related instruments
2021:and genres of music
1987:Finger substitution
851:. They often use a
401:, 201 BC to 221 AD.
229:musical instruments
216:Pegbox or headstock
1712:Five-string violin
1413:Melde's experiment
985:
804:
768:A modern T-shaped
558:string instruments
539:
480:Indian instruments
473:
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255:family (including
159:. Most change the
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141:
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1401:Longitudinal wave
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289:Tuning pegs on a
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16:(Redirected from
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2170:Violin acoustics
2124:Hardanger fiddle
2058:String orchestra
1722:Alexander violin
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1465:String vibration
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1250:. 30 March 2018.
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1119:. Archived from
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1020:Paul Hostetter.
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862:Geared pegs for
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734:
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512:flamenco guitars
510:, as well as on
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358:, turned by hand
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271:) is called the
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2222:Violin lutherie
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2134:Lira da braccio
2102:
2063:Violin concerto
2020:
2014:
1914:
1825:
1797:
1783:Cello da spalla
1778:Baritone violin
1759:
1731:
1717:Violino piccolo
1702:Electric violin
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1676:
1646:
1641:
1550:Japanese fiddle
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1470:Transverse wave
1418:Mersenne's laws
1396:String harmonic
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488:Saraswati veena
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435:Queen Mary Harp
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415:Nottinghamshire
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2098:Carnatic music
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2073:Cello concerto
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2068:Viola concerto
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2053:String section
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2038:String quintet
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2028:String quartet
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1123:on 2008-07-24.
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1096:sligoharps.com
1092:(Book Chapter)
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385:Gilded bronze
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217:
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128:
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42:
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33:
26:
9:
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2083:Violin sonata
2081:
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2043:String sextet
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1679:Violin family
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1617:Tromba marina
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1460:Standing wave
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905:
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896:machine heads
893:
889:
888:Sona Jobarteh
883:
878:
877:
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873:
868:
865:
864:violin family
860:
858:
857:gearing ratio
854:
850:
849:machine heads
846:
842:
836:
829:Geared tuners
826:
824:
819:
816:
811:
809:
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796:
780:
775:
771:
770:tuning wrench
764:
759:
755:
754:square socket
748:
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728:
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579:
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519:violin family
515:
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497:
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476:
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445:
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419:Great Britain
416:
409:
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396:
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388:
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376:
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366:
361:
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356:tromba marina
350:
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233:violin family
230:
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207:
206:geared tuners
203:
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92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: â
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
2249:
2232:Violin octet
2212:Stradivarius
2093:Cello sonata
2088:Viola sonata
2048:String octet
1937:
1909:
1755:Tenor violin
1727:Stroh violin
1637:Washtub bass
1490:musical bows
1474:
1450:Scale length
1427:
1347:Third bridge
1256:
1248:Folkmusician
1247:
1238:
1226:. Retrieved
1222:
1213:
1199:
1185:
1154:
1143:
1129:
1121:the original
1111:
1099:. Retrieved
1095:
1083:
1069:
1057:. Retrieved
1053:
1041:
1032:
1025:. Retrieved
1015:
1001:Machine head
986:
927:machine head
911:machine head
869:
861:
838:
835:machine head
820:
812:
805:
707:tuning lever
685:tuning lever
649:
633:
618:
611:
597:
586:
554:peg compound
553:
549:
545:
541:
540:
516:
482:such as the
477:
474:
321:
317:
302:
295:
272:
221:
219:
209:
205:
201:
199:
192:
188:tuning lever
183:
175:
173:
150:
116:
110:October 2013
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
2202:Jazz violin
2144:Nyckelharpa
2129:Hurdy-gurdy
2033:String trio
1977:Double stop
1880:Fingerboard
1803:Double bass
1773:Bass violin
1686:Instruments
1612:Psalmodicon
1525:Diddley bow
1384:Fundamental
1374:Fingerboard
1354:Chordophone
1312:instruments
1027:8 September
841:double bass
640:arbor press
636:blind holes
629:rotary dies
614:fine thread
601:out of tune
523:double bass
508:hurdy-gurdy
500:Mohan veena
399:Han dynasty
249:double bass
2267:Categories
2114:Arpeggione
2004:Scordatura
1933:Bow stroke
1920:Techniques
1910:Tuning peg
1900:Sound post
1545:Ichigenkin
1540:Ground bow
1485:Monochords
1475:Tuning peg
1455:Soundboard
1369:Enharmonic
1101:1 February
1059:1 February
1007:References
894:with open
542:"Peg dope"
490:, and the
387:tuning key
324:tuning key
300:, below).
208:, and the
184:tuning pin
176:tuning peg
155:different
80:newspapers
2195:Slap bass
2180:Jazz bass
2019:Ensembles
1999:Pizzicato
1992:Bariolage
1982:Fingering
1972:Harmonics
1939:Col legno
1905:Tailpiece
1592:Langeleik
1530:Duxianqin
1423:Monochord
1392:Overtones
1388:Harmonics
1228:10 August
925:A closed
890:tuning a
853:worm gear
839:Pegs for
823:tailpiece
808:tailpiece
800:tailpiece
798:A violin
661:dulcimers
657:psaltries
625:white oak
550:peg stick
546:peg paste
338:A modern
274:headstock
2251:Category
2190:Big band
2149:Pochette
1967:Arpeggio
1955:Spiccato
1865:Chinrest
1843:Bass bar
1821:Octobass
1707:Pochette
1607:Onavillu
1560:Genggong
1555:Jaw harp
1503:Berimbau
1445:Re-entry
1302:Musical
995:See also
909:An open
582:lipstick
560:(mainly
529:Peg dope
506:and the
261:mandolin
226:stringed
2154:Quinton
2119:Baryton
2010:Vibrato
1960:Tremolo
1950:Portato
1945:Martelé
1816:Violone
1788:Cellone
1627:Umuduri
1602:Masenqo
1585:Mukkuri
1580:Morsing
1520:ÄĂ n báș§u
1513:Boom-ba
1498:Ahardin
1304:strings
815:knurled
665:zithers
562:violins
504:gadulka
269:ukulele
169:strings
167:of the
165:tension
94:scholar
2139:Lirone
1928:Bowing
1890:Scroll
1875:F-hole
1870:Endpin
1860:Bridge
1694:Violin
1632:Unitar
1597:Lesiba
1575:Kubing
1570:Khomuz
1565:Gogona
1535:Ektara
1359:Course
1342:Bridge
1310:, and
855:. The
845:guitar
621:cherry
593:string
589:pegbox
570:cellos
566:violas
544:(also
486:, the
340:violin
305:violin
257:guitar
237:violin
222:pegbox
180:pegbox
137:Violin
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
18:Pegbox
2207:Rosin
2163:Other
1835:Parts
1765:Cello
1737:Viola
1622:Tumbi
1364:Drone
1308:wires
989:koras
971:Konso
738:Harps
723:yatga
681:piano
653:harps
578:lutes
574:viols
496:esraj
492:sarod
484:sitar
469:veena
395:China
391:guqin
372:guqin
313:cello
309:viola
265:banjo
245:cello
241:viola
231:(the
210:konso
195:shell
178:in a
161:pitch
101:JSTOR
87:books
2217:Viol
1853:Frog
1435:Node
1379:Fret
1321:List
1230:2019
1103:2023
1061:2023
1034:peg.
1029:2010
981:kora
892:kora
843:and
631:).
576:and
498:and
307:and
253:lute
153:tune
73:news
1885:Nut
1848:Bow
1487:and
1440:Nut
1337:Bow
646:Use
623:or
459:Use
451:oud
291:tro
56:by
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