1143:
87:
1202:
886:
39:. Infections activate genes that produce PR proteins. Some of these proteins are antimicrobial, attacking molecules in the cell wall of a bacterium or fungus. Others may function as signals that spread “news” of the infection to nearby cells. Infections also stimulate the cross-linking of molecules in the cell wall and the deposition of
68:
Many pathogenesis-related protein families also coincide with groups of human allergens, even though the allergy may have nothing to do with the defense function of the proteins. Grouping these proteins by their sequence features allows for finding potential allergenic proteins from sequenced plant
678:
As PR proteins are produced when plant tissue is stressed, various ways of stress signaling is used to "bait" the plant into expressing PR genes for identification. Useful stressors include an actual infection or simply defense signals such as salicylate and
946:
Shi, X; Tian, Z; Liu, J; van der Vossen, EA; Xie, C (February 2012). "A potato pathogenesis-related protein gene, StPRp27, contributes to race-nonspecific resistance against
Phytophthora infestans".
991:"Proteomic analysis of pathogenesis-related proteins (PRs) induced by compatible and incompatible interactions of pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) in Capsicum chinense L3 plants"
1150: by Mau Sinha, Rashmi Prabha Singh, Gajraj Singh Kushwaha, Naseer Iqbal, Avinash Singh, Sanket Kaushik, Punit Kaur, Sujata Sharma, and Tej P. Singh available under the
469:
Gly m 4 (soy), Vig r 1 (mung bean), Cor a 1 (hazelnut), and Cas s 1 (chestnut), Act c 8 (golden kiwi fruit), Act d 8 (green kiwi fruit) —oral allergy syndrome
842:
Sinha, Mau; Singh, Rashmi Prabha; Kushwaha, Gajraj Singh; Iqbal, Naseer; Singh, Avinash; Kaushik, Sanket; Kaur, Punit; Sharma, Sujata; Singh, Tej P. (2014).
583:
Pru p 3 (peach), Mal d 3 (apple), Pru av 3 (cherry), Pru ar 3 (apricot), Cor a 8 (hazelnut), Cas s 8 (chestnut), and Zea m 14 (maize)—oral allergy syndrome
70:
168:
781:"Induction by Salicylic Acid of Pathogenesis-related Proteins and Resistance to Alfalfa Mosaic Virus Infection in Various Plant Species"
903:
Di
Girolamo, F; Muraca, M; Mazzina, O; Lante, I; Dahdah, L (June 2015). "Proteomic applications in food allergy: food allergenomics".
1243:
303:
Jun a 3 (mountain cedar), Cry j 1 (Japanese cedar), and Cup a 3 (Arizona cypress)—rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and asthma
1118:
306:
Pru av 2 (cherry), Mal d 2 (apple), Cap a 1 (bell pepper), Act d 2 (kiwi), and Mus a 4 (banana)—oral allergy syndrome
101:
32:
812:
Waters EJ, Shirley NJ, Williams PJ (1996). "Nuisance
Proteins of Wine Are Grape Pathogenesis-Related Proteins".
683:. The proteins can be identified by isolation, peptide digestion, and matching against the genomic sequences (
481:
364:
189:
1042:"Methyl jasmonate induces extracellular pathogenesis-related proteins in cell cultures of Capsicum chinense"
36:
43:, responses that set up a local barricade that slows spread of the pathogen to other parts of the plant.
1236:
701:
1217:
687:). The sequences obtained can then be checked against known PR protein families for categorization.
50:
466:
Pru av 1 (cherry), Mal  d  1 (apple), Api g 1 (celery), and Dau c 1 (carrot)—oral allergy syndrome
1262:
1267:
1110:
1229:
989:
Elvira, M. I.; Galdeano, M. M.; Gilardi, P.; Garcia-Luque, I.; Serra, M. T. (19 March 2008).
1102:
1053:
696:
1151:
1142:
769:
Campbell, N.A. and Reece, J.B. (2005). Biology (7th ed). San
Francisco: Benjamin Cummings.
8:
1057:
1040:
Sabater-Jara, AB; Almagro, L; BelchĂ-Navarro, S; BarcelĂł, AR; Pedreño, MA (March 2011).
100:
Please expand the section to include this information. Further details may exist on the
1074:
1041:
971:
928:
870:
843:
752:
684:
1147:
1114:
1103:
1079:
1022:
963:
920:
875:
744:
610:
975:
756:
1069:
1061:
1012:
1002:
955:
912:
865:
855:
821:
792:
736:
680:
54:
932:
916:
797:
780:
650:
624:
595:
559:
533:
507:
447:
441:
415:
318:
285:
258:
228:
157:
151:
1187:
1183:
889:
This article contains quotations from this source, which is available under the
1213:
890:
53:
to pathogens by inducing the production of pathogenesis-related proteins. Many
46:
28:
959:
844:"Current Overview of Allergens of Plant Pathogenesis Related Protein Families"
778:
246:
Mus a 2 (banana)—food allergy like swelling of lips, anaphylaxis, and so forth
1256:
1179:
1128:
264:
1174:
1083:
1026:
967:
924:
879:
748:
1065:
860:
1007:
990:
658:
632:
603:
576:
541:
515:
489:
423:
399:
390:
381:
346:
206:
176:
1039:
1017:
740:
338:
273:
825:
243:
Pers a 1 (avocado)—itchy eyes or nose, asthma, swelling, and so forth.
291:
62:
58:
1164:
1209:
1170:
988:
20:
86:
706:
463:
Bet v 1 (birch pollen)— allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma
40:
902:
885:
779:
Van
Huijsduijnen RAMH; Alblas SW; De Rijk RH; Bol JF (1986).
24:
1201:
945:
121:
As of 2014, 17 families of PR proteins have been named:
841:
125:
Different PR-protein families and allergens identified
811:
772:
57:are grape pathogen-related proteins. Those include
1167:for conversion of allergens to specific sequences.
1100:
905:Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology
727:Loon LC (1985). "Pathogenesis-related proteins".
1254:
1237:
891:Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 (CC BY 3.0)
837:
835:
1129:"Defense-Related Proteins of Higher Plants"
568:Shuttling of phospholipids and fatty acids
1244:
1230:
832:
814:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
805:
234:Chitinase types I, II, IV, V, VI, and VII
1073:
1016:
1006:
869:
859:
796:
720:
1105:Pathogenesis-related proteins in plants
726:
1255:
216:Mus a 5 (banana)—oral allergy syndrome
1196:
80:
421:Tobacco lignin-forming peroxidase (
213:Ole e 9 (olive)—respiratory allergy
13:
1109:. Boca Raton: CRC Press. pp.
1101:Muthukrishnan S, Datta SP (1999).
1094:
69:genomes, a field of study dubbed "
17:Pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins
14:
1279:
1158:
673:
76:
1200:
1146: This article incorporates
1141:
884:
85:
709:, unrelated resistance proteins
1046:Plant Signaling & Behavior
1033:
995:Journal of Experimental Botany
982:
939:
896:
763:
1:
713:
276:: Hev b 6—contact dermatitis
1216:. You can help Knowledge by
917:10.1097/ACI.0000000000000160
848:The Scientific World Journal
798:10.1099/0022-1317-67-10-2135
37:systemic acquired resistance
7:
785:Journal of General Virology
690:
344:Tomato endoproteinase P69 (
164:PR-1 a, PR-1 b, and PR-1 c
10:
1284:
1195:
702:Glossary of phytopathology
665:late blight resistance(?)
1165:WHO Allergen Nomenclature
960:10.1007/s11033-011-0937-5
948:Molecular Biology Reports
270:Antifungal and chitinase
565:Lipid transfer proteins
403:)—eye and airway allergy
388:Ziz m 1 (Indian jujube,
180:)—oral allergy syndrome
98:about links to articles.
729:Plant Molecular Biology
394:)—oral allergy syndrome
1212:-related article is a
198:Cleaves β-1,3-glucans
133:Domain classification
96:is missing information
55:proteins found in wine
1066:10.4161/psb.6.3.14451
580:)—rhinitis and asthma
487:Tobacco chitinase V (
385:)—contact dermatitis.
327:Proteinase inhibitor
697:Acibenzolar-S-methyl
539:Arabidopsis THI2.1 (
210:)—contact dermatitis
174:Cuc m 3 (muskmelon;
49:plays a role in the
1058:2011PlSiB...6..440S
861:10.1155/2014/543195
370:Cucumber chitinase
126:
61:-like proteins and
1008:10.1093/jxb/ern032
741:10.1007/BF02418757
685:protein sequencing
613:; Oxalate oxidase
457:Ribonuclease-like
324:Potato protease I
124:
27:in the event of a
1225:
1224:
826:10.1021/jf9505584
791:(10): 2135–2143.
671:
670:
656:Tobacco NtPRp27 (
397:Cof a 1 (coffee,
379:Hevamine (latex,
195:β-1,3-Glucanases
119:
118:
31:attack. They are
1275:
1246:
1239:
1232:
1204:
1197:
1145:
1136:
1124:
1108:
1088:
1087:
1077:
1037:
1031:
1030:
1020:
1010:
1001:(6): 1253–1265.
986:
980:
979:
943:
937:
936:
900:
894:
888:
883:
873:
863:
839:
830:
829:
809:
803:
802:
800:
776:
770:
767:
761:
760:
735:(2–3): 111–116.
724:
681:methyl jasmonate
661:
635:
606:
579:
544:
518:
513:Radish Rs-AFP3 (
492:
426:
402:
393:
384:
349:
209:
204:Hev b 2 (latex;
179:
127:
123:
114:
111:
105:
89:
81:
1283:
1282:
1278:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1273:
1272:
1253:
1252:
1251:
1250:
1193:
1161:
1127:
1121:
1097:
1095:Further reading
1092:
1091:
1038:
1034:
987:
983:
944:
940:
901:
897:
840:
833:
810:
806:
777:
773:
768:
764:
725:
721:
716:
693:
676:
657:
631:
602:
586:
575:
574:Par j 1 (weed;
540:
522:Plant Defensin
514:
488:
472:
454:Parsley "PR-1"
422:
416:Haem peroxidase
406:
398:
389:
380:
353:Endoproteinase
345:
309:
267:chitinase I/II
249:
219:
205:
175:
115:
109:
106:
99:
90:
79:
12:
11:
5:
1281:
1271:
1270:
1265:
1263:Plant proteins
1249:
1248:
1241:
1234:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1205:
1191:
1190:
1177:
1168:
1160:
1159:External links
1157:
1138:
1137:
1133:dmd.nihs.go.jp
1125:
1119:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1032:
981:
954:(2): 1909–16.
938:
895:
831:
804:
771:
762:
718:
717:
715:
712:
711:
710:
704:
699:
692:
689:
675:
674:Identification
672:
669:
668:
666:
663:
654:
647:
643:
642:
640:
637:
630:Barley OxOLP (
628:
621:
617:
616:
614:
608:
599:
592:
588:
587:
585:
584:
581:
571:
569:
566:
563:
556:
552:
551:
549:
546:
537:
530:
526:
525:
523:
520:
511:
504:
500:
499:
497:
494:
485:
478:
474:
473:
471:
470:
467:
464:
460:
458:
455:
452:
438:
434:
433:
431:
428:
419:
412:
408:
407:
405:
404:
395:
386:
376:
374:
373:Chitinase III
371:
368:
361:
357:
356:
354:
351:
342:
335:
331:
330:
328:
325:
322:
315:
311:
310:
308:
307:
304:
300:
298:
295:
289:
282:
278:
277:
271:
268:
262:
255:
251:
250:
248:
247:
244:
240:
238:
237:Endochitinase
235:
232:
225:
221:
220:
218:
217:
214:
211:
201:
199:
196:
193:
186:
182:
181:
172:
165:
162:
148:
144:
143:
140:
137:
134:
131:
117:
116:
93:
91:
84:
78:
77:Classification
75:
47:Salicylic acid
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1280:
1269:
1268:Protein stubs
1266:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1258:
1247:
1242:
1240:
1235:
1233:
1228:
1227:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1206:
1203:
1199:
1198:
1194:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1180:Gene ontology
1178:
1176:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1149:
1144:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1120:0-8493-0697-3
1116:
1112:
1107:
1106:
1099:
1098:
1085:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1036:
1028:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
985:
977:
973:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
942:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
911:(3): 259–66.
910:
906:
899:
892:
887:
881:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
853:
849:
845:
838:
836:
827:
823:
819:
815:
808:
799:
794:
790:
786:
782:
775:
766:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
723:
719:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
694:
688:
686:
682:
667:
664:
660:
655:
653:
652:
648:
645:
644:
641:
638:
634:
629:
627:
626:
622:
619:
618:
615:
612:
609:
605:
601:Barley OxOa (
600:
598:
597:
593:
590:
589:
582:
578:
573:
572:
570:
567:
564:
562:
561:
557:
554:
553:
550:
547:
543:
538:
536:
535:
531:
528:
527:
524:
521:
517:
512:
510:
509:
505:
502:
501:
498:
495:
491:
486:
483:
479:
476:
475:
468:
465:
462:
461:
459:
456:
453:
451:
450:
449:
444:
443:
439:
436:
435:
432:
429:
425:
420:
417:
413:
410:
409:
401:
396:
392:
387:
383:
378:
377:
375:
372:
369:
366:
362:
359:
358:
355:
352:
348:
343:
340:
336:
333:
332:
329:
326:
323:
321:
320:
316:
313:
312:
305:
302:
301:
299:
296:
293:
290:
288:
287:
283:
280:
279:
275:
272:
269:
266:
265:Barwin domain
263:
261:
260:
256:
253:
252:
245:
242:
241:
239:
236:
233:
231:
230:
226:
223:
222:
215:
212:
208:
203:
202:
200:
197:
194:
191:
187:
184:
183:
178:
173:
170:
166:
163:
161:
160:
159:
154:
153:
149:
146:
145:
141:
138:
135:
132:
129:
128:
122:
113:
103:
97:
94:This section
92:
88:
83:
82:
74:
72:
71:allergenomics
66:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
42:
38:
34:
30:
26:
22:
18:
1218:expanding it
1207:
1192:
1140:
1139:
1132:
1104:
1052:(3): 440–2.
1049:
1045:
1035:
998:
994:
984:
951:
947:
941:
908:
904:
898:
851:
847:
817:
813:
807:
788:
784:
774:
765:
732:
728:
722:
677:
649:
639:germin-like
623:
594:
558:
532:
506:
446:
445:
440:
317:
284:
257:
227:
167:Antifungal (
156:
155:
150:
120:
107:
95:
67:
45:
23:produced in
16:
15:
1018:10261/57734
430:Peroxidase
297:Antifungal
274:Pro-heveins
35:as part of
1257:Categories
1188:GO:0006952
1184:GO:0009607
854:: 543195.
820:(1): 3–5.
714:References
496:Chitinase
339:Subtilisin
142:Allergens
139:Functions
63:chitinases
51:resistance
1182:mapping:
1173:keyword:
1152:CC BY 3.0
651:IPR007541
625:IPR001929
596:IPR001929
560:IPR000528
534:IPR001010
508:IPR008176
448:IPR000916
442:IPR024949
319:IPR000864
292:Thaumatin
286:IPR001938
259:IPR001153
229:IPR016283
158:IPR001283
152:IPR034111
136:Proteins
102:talk page
59:thaumatin
1154:license.
1084:21346408
1027:18375936
976:12384096
968:21667110
925:25899690
893:license.
880:24696647
757:37281639
749:24310747
691:See also
548:Thionin
110:May 2019
29:pathogen
21:proteins
1210:protein
1175:KW-0568
1171:UniProt
1075:3142433
1054:Bibcode
871:3947804
341:-like)
130:Family
33:induced
1117:
1082:
1072:
1025:
974:
966:
933:751042
931:
923:
878:
868:
755:
747:
707:R gene
659:Q9XIY9
646:PR-17
633:O49871
620:PR-16
611:germin
604:P45850
591:PR-15
577:P43217
555:PR-14
542:Q42596
529:PR-13
516:O24332
503:PR-12
490:Q43576
477:PR-11
437:PR-10
424:P11965
400:D7REL9
391:Q2VST0
382:P23472
347:O82007
294:-like
207:P52407
177:P83834
41:lignin
25:plants
1208:This
972:S2CID
929:S2CID
753:S2CID
418:III)
411:PR-9
360:PR-8
334:PR-7
314:PR-6
281:PR-5
254:PR-4
224:PR-3
185:PR-2
147:PR-1
1214:stub
1148:text
1115:ISBN
1080:PMID
1023:PMID
964:PMID
921:PMID
876:PMID
852:2014
745:PMID
482:GH18
365:GH18
190:GH17
19:are
1111:291
1070:PMC
1062:doi
1013:hdl
1003:doi
956:doi
913:doi
866:PMC
856:doi
822:doi
793:doi
737:doi
169:CAP
73:".
1259::
1186:,
1131:.
1113:.
1078:.
1068:.
1060:.
1048:.
1044:.
1021:.
1011:.
999:59
997:.
993:.
970:.
962:.
952:39
950:.
927:.
919:.
909:15
907:.
874:.
864:.
850:.
846:.
834:^
818:44
816:.
789:67
787:.
783:.
751:.
743:.
731:.
662:)
636:)
607:)
545:)
519:)
493:)
484:)
427:)
367:)
350:)
192:)
171:)
65:.
1245:e
1238:t
1231:v
1220:.
1135:.
1123:.
1086:.
1064::
1056::
1050:6
1029:.
1015::
1005::
978:.
958::
935:.
915::
882:.
858::
828:.
824::
801:.
795::
759:.
739::
733:4
480:(
414:(
363:(
337:(
188:(
112:)
108:(
104:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
