525:
502:
700:(i.e., the dose that causes 95% depression of muscle twitch response) of only 60 μg/kg body weight. Onset of action is relatively slow compared to other similar drugs, in part due to its low dose: an intubating dose takes 3–6 minutes for full effect. Clinical effects (muscle activity lower than 25% of physiological) last for about 100 minutes. The time needed for full (over 90% muscle activity) recovery after single administration is about 120–180 minutes in healthy adults.
38:
29:
896:
and violent body spasms, which was highly distressing for the parents to witness. Munro then administered pancuronium to the babies after advising the parents that this would ease their suffering and could also hasten death. It was on record that neither of the children's parents were unhappy with
872:
used is insufficient, the individual may be awake but unable to cry out or move due to the effect of the pancuronium. There have been several civil lawsuits alleging similar failures of adequate anaesthesia during general surgical procedures. These have been largely due to improper or insufficient
594:
InChI=1S/C35H60N2O4.2BrH/c1-24(38)40-32-21-26-13-14-27-28(35(26,4)23-31(32)37(6)19-11-8-12-20-37)15-16-34(3)29(27)22-30(33(34)41-25(2)39)36(5)17-9-7-10-18-36;;/h26-33H,7-23H2,1-6H3;2*1H/q+2;;/p-2/t26-,27+,28-,29-,30-,31-,32-,33-,34-,35-;;/m0../s1
903:
has objected to its use in lethal injections on the grounds that it "may mask the condemned prisoner's suffering during the execution," thereby leading observers to conclude that lethal injection is painless, or less
816:. The muscular relaxation can be dangerous in the seriously ill and it can accumulate leading to extended weakness. Pancuronium is not preferable in long-term use in ICU-ventilated patients.
1949:
153:
945:
2592:
3028:
1942:
2152:
1263:
3023:
1034:
Buckett WR, Hewett CL, Savage DS (October 1973). "Pancuronium bromide and other steroidal neuromuscular blocking agents containing acetylcholine fragments".
108:
1935:
991:
Lewis JJ, Martin-Smith M, Muir TC, Ross HH (August 1967). "Steroidal monoquaternary ammonium salts with non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking activity".
916:
The United
Kingdom bans the export of pancuronium bromide to the United States due to its use in lethal injections, but not to the Netherlands or Belgium.
2297:
610:
2277:
2454:
2232:
50:
2892:
2202:
3064:
2587:
2027:
2022:
2157:
1302:
2434:
2377:
2342:
2317:
2222:
2047:
2042:
2459:
1226:
2732:
3089:
1112:
746:
with the quaternary nitrogen atoms spaced rigidly apart by the steroid rings at a distance of ten atoms (interonium distance).
617:
3069:
1385:
1345:
1969:
586:
1271:
1958:
1507:
868:
Like all non-depolarising muscle relaxants, pancuronium has no effect on level of consciousness. Therefore, if the
673:
3094:
1370:
263:
138:
3079:
2392:
1988:
1295:
342:
697:
1181:
3018:
1335:
1325:
905:
520:
393:
2082:
881:
481:
470:
2406:
2132:
2002:
3074:
1814:
1288:
781:
2992:
857:
704:
497:
3049:
2122:
885:
94:
1542:
1249:
Article 4A of Export
Control Order 2008, UK Statutory Instruments 2008 No. 3231 PART 2 Article 9
2411:
1521:
1482:
1477:
1432:
1244:
873:
dosages of anaesthetic in concert with normal dosages of muscle relaxants such as pancuronium.
801:
677:
669:
207:
1927:
1564:
888:
Fitness to
Practice panel after giving 23 times the standard dose of pancuronium to two dying
2977:
2926:
2887:
1908:
1739:
1492:
1375:
1201:
1156:
900:
809:
450:
333:
3084:
3054:
2972:
2837:
2817:
2657:
2602:
2517:
2307:
1769:
1472:
1462:
1417:
1407:
1396:
1330:
410:
402:
382:
297:
289:
229:
60:
524:
501:
8:
2987:
2872:
2857:
2387:
1457:
1427:
1412:
1365:
280:
101:
1138:
1116:
2907:
2847:
2757:
2682:
2577:
2562:
2552:
1961:
1680:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1230:
1094:
1016:
1004:
893:
763:
68:
3059:
2997:
2717:
2597:
2477:
1086:
1082:
1051:
1008:
973:
832:
789:
179:
166:
2496:
2492:
2420:
1098:
2867:
2677:
2572:
2444:
2007:
1983:
1879:
1078:
1043:
1020:
1000:
849:
728:
646:
537:
322:
189:
121:
1280:
2522:
1748:
1734:
1698:
1550:
1312:
665:
638:
217:
197:
2424:
2416:
1115:. The Hague: Royal Dutch Society for the Advancement of Pharmacy. Archived from
965:
2702:
2352:
2147:
2092:
1627:
941:
925:
712:
658:
2428:
3043:
2982:
2812:
2782:
2722:
2672:
2667:
2557:
2527:
2473:
2302:
2117:
2052:
1844:
1834:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1650:
1607:
1592:
1573:
1532:
877:
853:
751:
747:
743:
689:
681:
513:
645:
and is used in some states as the second of three drugs administered during
20:
2897:
2827:
2822:
2737:
2547:
2537:
2488:
2469:
2267:
2187:
2177:
1894:
1753:
1724:
1587:
1582:
1316:
1186:
1090:
977:
929:
635:
116:
1055:
1012:
937:
3002:
2967:
2947:
2862:
2852:
2807:
2787:
2707:
2637:
2627:
2617:
2612:
2582:
2372:
2367:
2357:
2347:
2292:
2257:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2227:
2167:
2142:
2137:
2057:
1889:
1874:
1864:
1824:
1819:
1804:
1799:
1716:
1688:
1602:
1597:
869:
824:
716:
708:
685:
1047:
362:
37:
2962:
2942:
2902:
2877:
2842:
2832:
2777:
2767:
2762:
2752:
2727:
2692:
2647:
2642:
2622:
2607:
2567:
2532:
2464:
2449:
2439:
2192:
2182:
2127:
2087:
2072:
1916:
1884:
1854:
1839:
1829:
1809:
1670:
1660:
1645:
1635:
828:
785:
767:
736:
735:
to develop a series of aminosteroid neuromuscular blockers based on an
732:
642:
570:
373:
2802:
2797:
2772:
2747:
2742:
2712:
2662:
2652:
2632:
2502:
2287:
2282:
2272:
2097:
2077:
2067:
2062:
2017:
1794:
1665:
1655:
1612:
835:
to induce coma, pancuronium is delivered in order to stop breathing.
775:
308:
242:
54:
2956:
2882:
2697:
2687:
2507:
2262:
2252:
2212:
2207:
2197:
2162:
2112:
2107:
2012:
1859:
1849:
1774:
1706:
1640:
1617:
1357:
813:
771:
693:
430:
353:
1069:
McKenzie AG (June 2000). "Prelude to pancuronium and vecuronium".
2952:
2932:
2512:
2483:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2312:
2216:
2102:
2037:
2032:
1869:
1516:
889:
820:
703:
The effects of pancuronium can be at least partially reversed by
742:
Pancuronium is designed to mimic the action of two molecules of
739:
nucleus, culminating in the development of pancuronium bromide.
2542:
2362:
2172:
1957:
1354:
933:
793:
661:
461:
247:
696:) activity. It is a very potent muscle relaxant drug, with an
28:
2912:
797:
441:
222:
944:
in 1987 to kill at least ten patients under his care at the
731:
were inspired by the structure of the aminosteroid alkaloid
486:
805:
421:
1970:
990:
1229:. Amnesty International. 6 February 2004. Archived from
892:. Terminally ill, both dying babies were suffering from
2393:
1989:
1113:"Administration and Compounding Of Euthanasic Agents"
688:
activity, causing an increase in heart rate, but no
1310:
1245:"Provisions supplementing "the torture Regulation""
1033:
341:
766:in surgery for muscle relaxation and as an aid to
827:, pancuronium is recommended in the protocol for
3041:
838:
321:
1353:
972:. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing.
848:Pancuronium is also used as one component of a
296:
288:
2888:Trimetaphan camsilate (trimethaphan camsylate)
963:
3029:Acetylcholine metabolism/transport modulators
1943:
1296:
3024:Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor modulators
964:Das GN, Sharma P, Maani CV (January 2021).
957:
1950:
1936:
1303:
1289:
928:'s killing spree. It was also used by the
523:
500:
381:
36:
27:
1975:Tooltip Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
754:also have this same interonium distance.
641:with various medical uses. It is used in
409:
401:
2518:Candocuronium iodide (chandonium iodide)
1261:
1068:
993:The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
496:
361:
3042:
2398:Tooltip negative allosteric modulators
1994:Tooltip positive allosteric modulators
652:
514:
160:
1931:
1284:
911:
469:
449:
173:
59:
884:, was cleared of malpractice by the
120:
1202:"Doctor felt babies were suffering"
1157:"Baby doctor cleared of misconduct"
876:In 2007, Michael Munro, a Scottish
757:
429:
312:
13:
3065:Drugs developed by Schering-Plough
1005:10.1111/j.2042-7158.1967.tb09579.x
14:
3106:
2603:Dimethyltubocurarine (metocurine)
1182:"Doctor cleared over baby deaths"
1139:"US court backs lethal injection"
770:or ventilation. It does not have
147:
79:
1959:Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
1083:10.1046/j.1365-2044.2000.01423.x
919:
674:nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
554:
548:
2983:Meclofenoxate (centrophenoxine)
2308:Suxethonium (succinyldicholine)
2303:Suxamethonium (succinylcholine)
1255:
1237:
1219:
908:than other forms of execution.
599:Key:NPIJXCQZLFKBMV-YTGGZNJNSA-L
1194:
1174:
1149:
1131:
1105:
1062:
1036:Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
1027:
984:
863:
792:and cardiac output, excessive
722:
560:
542:
1:
3090:Quaternary ammonium compounds
3019:Receptor/signaling modulators
2673:Hexamethonium (benzohexonium)
951:
839:Uses in execution and suicide
843:
16:Aminosteroid muscle relaxant
7:
3070:Lethal injection components
2753:Methorphan (racemethorphan)
2083:Bephenium hydroxynaphthoate
1262:Ramsland K (9 April 2005).
940:. Pavulon was also used by
882:Aberdeen Maternity Hospital
680:by blocking the binding of
10:
3111:
2133:Dimethylphenylpiperazinium
784:include moderately raised
532:Chemical and physical data
3011:
2925:
2386:
1982:
1968:
1907:
1762:
1733:
1715:
1697:
1679:
1626:
1572:
1563:
1541:
1530:Polyalkylene derivatives:
1506:
1384:
1344:
1324:
852:in administration of the
762:Pancuronium is used with
657:Pancuronium is a typical
607:
582:
569:
536:
531:
512:
480:
460:
440:
420:
392:
372:
352:
332:
307:
279:
271:phenanthren-3-yl] acetate
259:
254:
241:
228:
216:
206:
196:
188:
137:
132:
107:
93:
67:
49:
44:
35:
26:
2993:Phosphatidylethanolamine
1227:"UA 44/04 Death penalty"
932:to kill patients in the
924:Pancuronium was used in
2773:Morphanol (racemorphan)
2713:Laudexium (laudolissin)
2123:Desformylflustrabromine
946:Good Samaritan Hospital
886:General Medical Council
3095:Neuromuscular blockers
1543:ACh release inhibitors
1425:intermediate duration:
831:. After administering
802:respiratory depression
678:neuromuscular junction
670:competitively inhibits
649:in the United States.
3080:Nicotinic antagonists
2978:Glycerophosphocholine
1394:ultra-short duration:
901:Amnesty International
856:in some parts of the
2973:Dimethylethanolamine
2838:Rapacuronium bromide
2818:Pipecuronium bromide
2658:Gantacurium chloride
2618:Dizocilpine (MK-801)
2203:MEM-63,908 (RG-3487)
2153:Ethoxysebacylcholine
1770:Arbaclofen placarbil
1463:Dimethyltubocurarine
1371:Dimethyltubocurarine
705:anticholinesterasics
2988:Phosphatidylcholine
2873:Threohydrobupropion
2858:Stercuronium iodide
2793:Pancuronium bromide
1517:Choline derivatives
1326:Peripherally acting
1048:10.1021/jm00268a011
897:Munro's treatment.
653:Mechanism of action
169:(Prescription only)
156:(Prescription only)
23:
2908:Vecuronium bromide
2848:Rocuronium bromide
2758:Methyllycaconitine
2683:Hydroxynorketamine
2578:Dextropropoxyphene
2563:Dehydronorketamine
2553:Dacuronium bromide
1681:Nonbenzodiazepines
1386:4° ammonium agents
1127:– via ERGO!.
912:Export limitations
764:general anesthesia
19:
3037:
3036:
2998:Phosphorylcholine
2936:
2921:
2920:
2718:Levacetylmethadol
2598:Dihydrochandonium
2478:sodium thiopental
2148:Ethanol (alcohol)
1925:
1924:
1903:
1902:
1559:
1558:
1524:(Succinylcholine)
1502:
1501:
1251:. UK Legislation.
1042:(10): 1116–1124.
833:sodium thiopental
790:arterial pressure
647:lethal injections
625:
624:
482:CompTox Dashboard
177:
164:
151:
83:
3102:
3075:Muscle relaxants
2930:
2868:Thiocolchicoside
2678:Hydroxybupropion
2573:Dextromethorphan
2445:Allopregnanolone
2399:
2395:
2298:Suberyldicholine
2008:6-Chloronicotine
1995:
1991:
1980:
1979:
1976:
1972:
1952:
1945:
1938:
1929:
1928:
1880:Thiocolchicoside
1735:Anticholinergics
1699:Thienodiazepines
1570:
1569:
1565:Centrally acting
1495:(Hexafluorenium)
1351:
1350:
1346:Non-depolarizing
1342:
1341:
1313:muscle relaxants
1305:
1298:
1291:
1282:
1281:
1276:
1275:
1274:on 9 April 2005.
1270:. Archived from
1259:
1253:
1252:
1241:
1235:
1234:
1223:
1217:
1216:
1214:
1213:
1198:
1192:
1191:
1178:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1168:
1153:
1147:
1146:
1145:. 16 April 2008.
1135:
1129:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1109:
1103:
1102:
1066:
1060:
1059:
1031:
1025:
1024:
988:
982:
981:
961:
850:lethal injection
758:Uses in medicine
692:(i.e., blocking
684:. It has slight
659:non-depolarizing
630:(trademarked as
621:
620:
613:
577:
562:
556:
550:
544:
527:
516:
505:
504:
490:
488:
473:
453:
433:
413:
405:
385:
365:
345:
325:
315:
314:
300:
292:
237:1.5 to 2.7 hours
233:
175:
172:
162:
159:
149:
146:
124:
81:
78:
63:
40:
31:
24:
22:
18:
3110:
3109:
3105:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3100:
3099:
3040:
3039:
3038:
3033:
3007:
2929:
2917:
2523:Chlorisondamine
2397:
2390:
2382:
1993:
1986:
1974:
1964:
1956:
1926:
1921:
1909:Directly acting
1899:
1758:
1749:Cyclobenzaprine
1740:Antimuscarinics
1737:
1729:
1711:
1693:
1675:
1628:Benzodiazepines
1622:
1555:
1551:Botulinum toxin
1537:
1498:
1380:
1334:
1328:
1320:
1309:
1279:
1260:
1256:
1243:
1242:
1238:
1233:on 17 May 2004.
1225:
1224:
1220:
1211:
1209:
1200:
1199:
1195:
1190:. 11 July 2007.
1180:
1179:
1175:
1166:
1164:
1155:
1154:
1150:
1137:
1136:
1132:
1122:
1120:
1111:
1110:
1106:
1067:
1063:
1032:
1028:
989:
985:
962:
958:
954:
922:
914:
866:
846:
841:
760:
725:
666:muscle relaxant
655:
639:muscle relaxant
616:
614:
611:(what is this?)
608:
603:
600:
595:
590:
589:
575:
565:
559:
553:
547:
508:
484:
476:
456:
436:
416:
388:
368:
348:
328:
311:
303:
275:
272:
267:
266:
231:
208:Protein binding
198:Bioavailability
190:Pharmacokinetic
184:
128:
96:
89:
70:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3108:
3098:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3050:Acetate esters
3035:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3012:
3009:
3008:
3006:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2950:
2945:
2939:
2937:
2923:
2922:
2919:
2918:
2916:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2703:Kynurenic acid
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2497:κ-bungarotoxin
2493:α-bungarotoxin
2486:
2481:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2431:, many others)
2421:α-bungarotoxin
2414:
2409:
2403:
2401:
2384:
2383:
2381:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2353:Tribendimidine
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2278:Sebacylcholine
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2093:Butyrylcholine
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
1999:
1997:
1977:
1966:
1965:
1955:
1954:
1947:
1940:
1932:
1923:
1922:
1920:
1919:
1913:
1911:
1905:
1904:
1901:
1900:
1898:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
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1465:
1460:
1455:long duration:
1451:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1421:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1404:short duration
1400:
1399:
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1379:
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1373:
1368:
1362:
1360:
1348:
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1254:
1236:
1218:
1193:
1173:
1163:. 11 July 2007
1148:
1130:
1119:on 7 June 2008
1104:
1077:(6): 551–556.
1061:
1026:
999:(8): 502–508.
983:
955:
953:
950:
942:Richard Angelo
926:Efren Saldivar
921:
918:
913:
910:
894:agonal gasping
865:
862:
845:
842:
840:
837:
759:
756:
724:
721:
713:pyridostigmine
654:
651:
623:
622:
605:
604:
602:
601:
598:
596:
593:
585:
584:
583:
580:
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408:bromide:
406:
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366:
358:
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305:
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64:
57:
47:
46:
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41:
33:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3107:
3096:
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3025:
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3017:
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2999:
2996:
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2899:
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2861:
2859:
2856:
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2849:
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2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2813:Phencyclidine
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2783:Nitrous oxide
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2723:Levomethadone
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2668:Hexafluronium
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
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2616:
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2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2558:Decamethonium
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2528:Cisatracurium
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2494:
2490:
2489:Bungarotoxins
2487:
2485:
2482:
2479:
2475:
2474:pentobarbital
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2417:α-Neurotoxins
2415:
2413:
2410:
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2404:
2402:
2396:
2389:
2385:
2379:
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2279:
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2269:
2266:
2264:
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2259:
2256:
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2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2218:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2118:Decamethonium
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2053:Acetylcholine
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1992:
1985:
1981:
1978:
1973:
1967:
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1960:
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1934:
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1915:
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1888:
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1881:
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1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1845:Methocarbamol
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1835:Mephenoxalone
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1790:Chlorzoxazone
1788:
1786:
1785:Chlorphenesin
1783:
1781:
1780:Chlormezanone
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1767:
1765:
1761:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1746:
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1736:
1732:
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1723:
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1714:
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1696:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1678:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1651:Flunitrazepam
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1625:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1608:Phenprobamate
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1593:Difebarbamate
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1574:Carbamic acid
1571:
1568:
1566:
1562:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1540:
1534:
1533:Hexamethonium
1531:
1528:
1527:
1523:
1522:Suxamethonium
1520:
1518:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1505:
1494:
1493:Hexafluronium
1491:
1488:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1433:Cisatracurium
1431:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1392:
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1389:
1387:
1383:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1332:
1331:antinicotinic
1327:
1323:
1318:
1314:
1306:
1301:
1299:
1294:
1292:
1287:
1286:
1283:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1264:"Dark Rumors"
1258:
1250:
1246:
1240:
1232:
1228:
1222:
1208:. 9 July 2007
1207:
1203:
1197:
1189:
1188:
1183:
1177:
1162:
1158:
1152:
1144:
1140:
1134:
1118:
1114:
1108:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1065:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1030:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
987:
979:
975:
971:
967:
966:"Pancuronium"
960:
956:
949:
948:in New York.
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
920:Uses in crime
917:
909:
907:
902:
898:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
878:neonatologist
874:
871:
861:
859:
858:United States
855:
854:death penalty
851:
836:
834:
830:
826:
822:
817:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
777:
773:
769:
765:
755:
753:
752:suxamethonium
749:
748:Decamethonium
745:
744:acetylcholine
740:
738:
734:
730:
720:
718:
714:
710:
706:
701:
699:
695:
691:
690:ganglioplegic
687:
683:
682:acetylcholine
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
660:
650:
648:
644:
640:
637:
633:
629:
619:
612:
606:
597:
592:
591:
588:
581:
574:
572:
568:
541:
539:
535:
530:
526:
522:
519:
517:
515:ECHA InfoCard
511:
503:
499:
498:DTXSID9023415
495:
494:
492:
483:
479:
472:
468:
467:
465:
463:
459:
452:
448:
447:
445:
443:
439:
432:
428:
427:
425:
423:
419:
412:
407:
404:
400:
399:
397:
395:
391:
384:
380:
379:
377:
375:
371:
364:
360:
359:
357:
355:
351:
344:
340:
339:
337:
335:
331:
324:
320:
319:
317:
310:
306:
299:
294:
291:
287:
286:
284:
282:
278:
269:
268:
265:
258:
253:
249:
246:
244:
240:
236:
234:
227:
224:
221:
219:
215:
211:
209:
205:
201:
199:
195:
191:
187:
181:
171:
168:
158:
155:
145:
144:
142:
140:
136:
131:
123:
118:
115:
114:
112:
110:
106:
103:
100:
98:
92:
86:
77:
76:
74:
72:
66:
62:
58:
56:
52:
48:
45:Clinical data
43:
39:
34:
30:
25:
2898:Tubocurarine
2828:Promegestone
2823:Progesterone
2792:
2738:Mecamylamine
2548:Cyclopropane
2538:Coronaridine
2470:Barbiturates
2455:Anatruxonium
2425:α-cobratoxin
2268:Sazetidine A
2188:JNJ-39393406
2178:Ispronicline
1895:Zoxazolamine
1754:Orphenadrine
1725:Methaqualone
1717:Quinazolines
1588:Cyclarbamate
1583:Carisoprodol
1529:
1515:
1508:Depolarizing
1489:
1473:Pipecuronium
1467:
1454:
1424:
1408:Rapacuronium
1403:
1393:
1376:Tubocurarine
1272:the original
1268:Crimelibrary
1267:
1257:
1248:
1239:
1231:the original
1221:
1210:. Retrieved
1205:
1196:
1187:The Guardian
1185:
1176:
1165:. Retrieved
1160:
1151:
1142:
1133:
1121:. Retrieved
1117:the original
1107:
1074:
1070:
1064:
1039:
1035:
1029:
996:
992:
986:
969:
959:
930:Skin Hunters
923:
915:
899:
875:
867:
847:
818:
788:and thereby
782:Side-effects
780:
761:
741:
726:
702:
656:
636:aminosteroid
631:
627:
626:
615:
609:
471:ChEMBL185073
230:Elimination
139:Legal status
133:Legal status
3085:Piperidines
3055:Androstanes
3003:Pirisudanol
2968:Cyprodenate
2948:Adafenoxate
2863:Surugatoxin
2853:Sevoflurane
2808:Pentolinium
2788:Norketamine
2708:Laudanosine
2638:Erythravine
2628:Encenicline
2613:Dipyrandium
2583:Dextrorphan
2429:α-conotoxin
2388:Antagonists
2373:WAY-317,538
2368:Varenicline
2358:Tropisetron
2348:Tebanicline
2293:SSR-180,711
2258:Rivanicline
2248:Pozanicline
2243:PNU-282,987
2238:PNU-120,596
2233:PHA-709,829
2228:PHA-543,613
2168:Galantamine
2143:Epiboxidine
2138:Epibatidine
2058:Altinicline
1890:Tolperisone
1875:Silperisone
1865:Promoxolane
1825:Lanperisone
1820:Inaperisone
1805:Flopropione
1800:Fenyramidol
1689:Eszopiclone
1603:Meprobamate
1598:Febarbamate
1468:Pancuronium
1397:Gantacurium
1329:(primarily
1071:Anaesthesia
970:StatPearls
870:anaesthetic
864:Controversy
825:Netherlands
727:Workers at
723:Development
717:edrophonium
709:neostigmine
628:Pancuronium
578: g·mol
521:100.035.923
255:Identifiers
250:and biliary
102:Intravenous
21:Pancuronium
3044:Categories
2963:Citicoline
2943:Acetyl-coA
2927:Precursors
2903:Vanoxerine
2893:Tropeinium
2878:Toxiferine
2843:Reboxetine
2833:Radafaxine
2778:Neramexane
2768:Mivacurium
2763:Metocurine
2728:Malouetine
2693:Isoflurane
2648:Fazadinium
2643:Esketamine
2623:Doxacurium
2608:Dioscorine
2568:Desflurane
2533:Coclaurine
2465:Atracurium
2450:Amantadine
2440:Alcuronium
2193:Levamisole
2183:Ivermectin
2128:Dianicline
2088:Butinoline
2073:Anatoxin-a
1962:modulators
1917:Dantrolene
1885:Tizanidine
1855:Pregabalin
1840:Metaxalone
1830:Mephenesin
1810:Gabapentin
1671:Tetrazepam
1661:Nitrazepam
1646:Clonazepam
1636:Bromazepam
1458:Doxacurium
1448:Vecuronium
1443:Rocuronium
1438:Fazadinium
1428:Atracurium
1418:Chandonium
1413:Mivacurium
1366:Alcuronium
1212:2010-05-21
1167:2010-05-21
952:References
829:euthanasia
794:salivation
786:heart rate
768:intubation
737:androstane
733:malouetine
707:, such as
643:euthanasia
571:Molar mass
451:CHEBI:7908
411:U9LY9Y75X2
403:J76UF062FS
374:ChemSpider
334:IUPHAR/BPS
298:15500-66-0
290:16974-53-1
281:CAS Number
264:IUPAC name
218:Metabolism
2803:Pentamine
2798:Pempidine
2748:Methadone
2743:Memantine
2663:Halothane
2653:Gallamine
2633:Enflurane
2588:Diadonium
2503:Bupropion
2288:SIB-1553A
2283:SIB-1508Y
2273:SB-206553
2098:Carbachol
2078:AR-R17779
2068:Anatabine
2063:Anabasine
2028:A-867,744
2023:A-582,941
2018:A-366,833
1795:Eperisone
1666:Temazepam
1656:Lorazepam
1613:Styramate
1490:unsorted:
1483:Gallamine
1478:Laudexium
1358:alkaloids
1336:NMJ block
1311:Skeletal
844:Procedure
778:effects.
776:analgesic
694:ganglions
686:vagolytic
664:-mimetic
243:Excretion
232:half-life
212:77 to 91%
95:Routes of
69:Pregnancy
61:Monograph
55:Drugs.com
3060:Bromides
3015:See also
2957:lecithin
2933:prodrugs
2883:Tramadol
2733:ME-18-MC
2698:Ketamine
2688:Ibogaine
2508:BW284C51
2263:RJR-2429
2253:Pyrantel
2213:Nicotine
2208:Morantel
2198:Lobeline
2163:EVP-6124
2158:EVP-4473
2113:Cytisine
2108:Cotinine
2013:A-84,543
1984:Agonists
1860:Pridinol
1850:Phenibut
1775:Baclofen
1707:Etizolam
1641:Diazepam
1618:Tybamate
1206:BBC News
1161:BBC News
1143:BBC News
1099:22476701
1091:10866718
978:30855929
936:city of
890:neonates
823:and the
814:sweating
810:flushing
772:sedative
634:) is an
618:(verify)
354:DrugBank
109:ATC code
84: B2
71:category
2953:Choline
2513:BW-A444
2491:(e.g.,
2484:BNC-210
2472:(e.g.,
2435:ABT-126
2419:(e.g.,
2378:XY-4083
2343:TC-6683
2338:TC-5619
2333:TC-5214
2328:TC-2216
2323:TC-1827
2318:TC-1734
2313:TC-1698
2223:NS-1738
2217:tobacco
2103:Choline
2048:ABT-894
2043:ABT-560
2038:ABT-418
2033:ABT-202
1870:Quinine
1123:15 July
1056:4356139
1021:2938040
1013:4382437
821:Belgium
729:Organon
676:at the
632:Pavulon
576:572.875
538:Formula
363:DB01337
309:PubChem
223:Hepatic
125:)
119: (
117:M03AC01
2543:Curare
2460:AQW051
2407:18-MAC
2363:UB-165
2173:GTS-21
2003:5-HIAA
1971:nAChRs
1576:esters
1355:Curare
1097:
1089:
1054:
1019:
1011:
976:
934:Polish
812:, and
806:rashes
715:, and
662:curare
462:ChEMBL
431:D00492
323:441289
180:℞-only
178:
165:
152:
2931:(and
2913:Xenon
2412:18-MC
2391:(and
1987:(and
1763:Other
1095:S2CID
1017:S2CID
906:cruel
798:apnea
668:. It
587:InChI
442:ChEBI
383:25453
248:Renal
2593:DHβE
2394:NAMs
1990:PAMs
1125:2008
1087:PMID
1052:PMID
1009:PMID
974:PMID
938:Łódź
800:and
750:and
698:ED95
672:the
422:KEGG
394:UNII
343:4001
192:data
51:AHFS
1815:GHB
1317:M03
1079:doi
1044:doi
1001:doi
880:at
819:In
774:or
487:EPA
313:CID
167:POM
122:WHO
3046::
2495:,
2476:,
2427:,
2423:,
1406::
1266:.
1247:.
1204:.
1184:.
1159:.
1141:.
1093:.
1085:.
1075:55
1073:.
1050:.
1040:16
1038:.
1015:.
1007:.
997:19
995:.
968:.
860:.
808:,
804:,
796:,
719:.
711:,
552:60
546:35
202:NA
174:US
161:UK
154:S4
148:AU
80:AU
2959:)
2955:(
2935:)
2499:)
2480:)
2400:)
2219:)
2215:(
1996:)
1951:e
1944:t
1937:v
1742:)
1738:(
1519::
1338:)
1333:,
1319:)
1315:(
1304:e
1297:t
1290:v
1215:.
1170:.
1101:.
1081::
1058:.
1046::
1023:.
1003::
980:.
564:4
561:O
558:2
555:N
549:H
543:C
489:)
485:(
176::
163::
150::
82::
53:/
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