228:
171:
67:. In 1948, Freeman embellished the procedure by adding the deep frontal cut, an additional swing of the pick deep into the lobe which placed such an increase of strain on the instrument that it occasionally snapped off while in the patient's head, necessitating surgical retrieval. Thus, Freeman had the orbitoclast specially commissioned as a more durable and reliable replacement.
54:
with some gradation marks etched onto the shaft. The operation involved placing the pick behind the eye socket of the patient and breaking through the thin layer of bone found there by applying a hammer to the end of the pick and driving the instrument into the
34:
Because actual ice picks were used in initial experimentation and because of continued close resemblance to ice pick shafts, the procedure was dubbed "ice pick lobotomy".
269:
124:
212:
71:
262:
101:
298:
303:
255:
288:
43:
205:
144:
120:
50:
used up until that point for the transorbital lobotomy procedure. This instrument is, essentially, an
198:
28:
8:
178:
24:
293:
243:
186:
128:
239:
235:
182:
282:
60:
56:
133:
The
Proceedings of the 13th Annual History of Medicine Days. Calgary: p. 40.
145:"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1949 Walter Hess, Egas Moniz"
75:
227:
59:. The pick would then be swung medially and laterally to separate the
170:
96:
79:
47:
91:
64:
51:
280:
78:"for his discovery of the therapeutic value of
263:
206:
270:
256:
213:
199:
37:
46:in 1948 to replace the unique form of
281:
121:The Rise and Fall of Frontal Leucotomy
72:Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine
222:
165:
102:Instruments used in general surgery
13:
14:
315:
226:
169:
137:
113:
1:
107:
242:. You can help Knowledge by
185:. You can help Knowledge by
119:Acharya, Hernish J. (2004).
7:
85:
10:
320:
221:
164:
299:History of medicine stubs
234:This article related to
304:Medical equipment stubs
82:in certain psychoses."
74:of 1949 was awarded to
42:It was invented by Dr.
38:History and description
29:transorbital lobotomies
289:Surgical instruments
27:used for performing
179:history of medicine
25:surgical instrument
16:Surgical instrument
131:In Whitelaw, W.A.
127:2018-02-19 at the
251:
250:
236:medical equipment
194:
193:
311:
272:
265:
258:
230:
223:
215:
208:
201:
173:
166:
157:
156:
154:
152:
147:. Nobelprize.org
141:
135:
117:
319:
318:
314:
313:
312:
310:
309:
308:
279:
278:
277:
276:
220:
219:
162:
160:
150:
148:
143:
142:
138:
129:Wayback Machine
118:
114:
110:
88:
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
317:
307:
306:
301:
296:
291:
275:
274:
267:
260:
252:
249:
248:
231:
218:
217:
210:
203:
195:
192:
191:
174:
159:
158:
136:
111:
109:
106:
105:
104:
99:
94:
87:
84:
44:Walter Freeman
39:
36:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
316:
305:
302:
300:
297:
295:
292:
290:
287:
286:
284:
273:
268:
266:
261:
259:
254:
253:
247:
245:
241:
237:
232:
229:
225:
224:
216:
211:
209:
204:
202:
197:
196:
190:
188:
184:
181:article is a
180:
175:
172:
168:
167:
163:
146:
140:
134:
130:
126:
122:
116:
112:
103:
100:
98:
95:
93:
90:
89:
83:
81:
77:
73:
68:
66:
62:
61:frontal lobes
58:
57:frontal lobes
53:
49:
45:
35:
32:
30:
26:
22:
244:expanding it
233:
187:expanding it
176:
161:
149:. Retrieved
139:
132:
115:
69:
41:
33:
20:
18:
21:orbitoclast
283:Categories
108:References
76:Egas Moniz
97:Leucotome
80:leucotomy
63:from the
48:leucotome
294:Lobotomy
125:Archived
92:Lobotomy
86:See also
65:thalamus
52:ice pick
151:6 July
23:was a
238:is a
177:This
240:stub
183:stub
153:2010
70:The
31:.
19:An
285::
123:.
271:e
264:t
257:v
246:.
214:e
207:t
200:v
189:.
155:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.