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1366:(EFF) campaigned on a platform of ending the autonomous status of Orania, saying that Orania's autonomy would no longer be tolerated in an EFF-run municipality. After a visit to Orania, Thembelihle's EFF mayor, Danny Jonas, said he wanted to retain the status quo while working together with Orania for the benefit of Thembelihle. In 2009 the EFF's future leader, Julius Malema, visited Orania. In 2019, Malema indicated that he agreed with the idea of moving landless black people to Orania.
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1380:, said that Orania had to fall as it is neither a symbol of inclusivity nor democracy. "We understand why that institution was established. It has lived its time now. It's now that that place must be liberated and all South Africans must be allowed to stay wherever they want to stay". He also said, "If you think we will keep quiet you are wrong. This madness must come to an end. It's a betrayal of our call for a truly non-racial SA". In response ANC veteran
2090:
While buildings from the Water Works era can rely on pre-existing utility connections, new builds face the additional cost of installing infrastructure, raising prices further. In 2010, property prices ranged from R250,000 at the low-end, up to R900,000 for new riverfront property. By 2020, property prices ranged from R420,000 at the low-end, up to R2,900,000 for a detached house. Average house prices in Orania have grown by 13.9% a year from 1992 to 2006.
3976:, and it premiered on 18 March 2024. In the documentary, Adepitan concluded that it's "too simplistic to brand everyone in Orania a racist", but that they are prejudiced. He thought that many in Orania are traumatised by the end of apartheid, and that they want to recreate their past. But Adepitan sees this as a form of extreme racial separatism, and says he doesn't want to live in a world where people are "segregated into ethnically cleansed states".
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1948:, representing 97% of the total. Male residents outnumbered females 60% to 40% in 2011. Afrikaans is the only language used in all spheres of local life. According to a 2014 census carried out by town authorities, Afrikaans is the main language spoken at home for 95% of residents, followed by English with 2%, with speakers of both English and Afrikaans making up the remaining 3%.
827:. The goal of the Afrikaner Volkswag was to put the ideas of the SABRA into practice. Boshoff regarded contemporary plans of the National Party government to retain control through limited reforms as doomed to fail. Believing that black-majority rule could not be avoided, he supported the creation of a separate, smaller state for the Afrikaner nation instead.
3928:. Lindi Todd included Orania in a study on how the Afrikaner identity developed after the end of apartheid. Liesel Blomerus focused on the identity of Afrikaner women in the town. Lise Hagen addressed the concepts of space and place in Orania. South African economist Dawie Roodt described the town as being "like a Petri dish" for economic research.
1740:. According to a 2014 local census, the Afrikaanse Protestantse Kerk was the most popular denomination, followed by 21.9% of households in Orania, followed by unaffiliated households with 15.6%, the Dutch Reformed Church and the Maranatha Church (both 14.8%), Gereformeerd Church (7.4%). In total, 84.4% of households were affiliated with a religion.
990:. Grootgewaagd village was renamed Kleingeluk. In April 1991, the first 13 inhabitants moved into Orania. At that time, the town consisted of 90 houses in Orania and 60 in Kleingeluk, all in serious disrepair. In August 1991, the 2,300-hectare (5,700-acre) farm Vluytjeskraal 272 was added to Orania. The National Party government led by
3920:. Kotze (2003) examines Orania as a case of a non-declining small town in South Africa. Steyn (2004) elaborates on the town's bottom-up approach to development. De Beer (2006) considers the achievements of Orania, deeming it unlikely that it will ever succeed in bringing about self-determination. Terisa Pienaar analyzed the
1224:, said that Orania served as an important safety valve for Afrikaners in transition, and that "The Afrikaners are very forward-thinking people. Orania was established as a tactical strategic exit for the Afrikaner, should the new South Africa run into serious crisis. They will then have a place to preserve themselves".
3533:, in November 2005 for broadcasting without a licence and being a "racist-based station". The station's management contended they had repeatedly applied for a licence and were merely carrying out tests, and that they broadcast news about birthdays and social events. ICASA granted a licence to the new
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and it was introduced to stimulate the circulation of money inside Orania and prevent theft. The Orania
Chamber of Commerce, which issues the currency, uses the Rands deposited by the residents to earn interest. In 2021, the Dora, a digital version of the Ora, was introduced. The Dora did not replace
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pass rate since its inception. In 2014 enrollment was 225 students, with some coming from neighbouring towns. The school is growing, and had 400 students by 2021. The CVO School includes
Christian tenets as a vital part of the education, and is part of the Beweging vir Christelik Volkseie Onderwys, a
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In its early years Orania offered few amusements to teenagers and young adults, who missed the entertainment offered by city life. 2014 witnessed the opening of the Ou
Karooplaas shopping centre, which also houses a cinema, pizza parlor and DVD shop, as well as the Stokkiesdraai Adventure Park, which
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In May 2005, a dispute arose with a faction of residents who claimed the town was being run like a 'mafia', with a number of lawsuits being filed as part of the dispute. A raid on the town's radio station in
November 2005 was linked to a tip-off received from internal dissenters; they ultimately left
1032:(ANC) government, stated in a parliamentary budget debate that "the ideal of some Afrikaners to develop the North Western Cape as a home for the Afrikaner culture and language within the framework of the Constitution and the Charter of Human Rights is viewed by the government as a legitimate ideal".
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combined with a rise in the price of corn used to feed cattle led to its liquidation. Another ambitious project, a mill processing a range of corn products, was completed in 2005, but also proved unsuccessful and was closed down. The Orania management has since mostly eschewed large-scale projects,
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In Orania people from all levels of society perform their own manual labour. Local
Afrikaners also work in unskilled positions such as gardening and waste collection. In 2009, 14% of the population was self-employed. Rapid growth over the four years to 2014 led to the construction of new commercial
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The town was originally part of a strategy to create an
Afrikaner majority in the northwestern Cape by encouraging the construction of other such towns, with the eventual goal of an Afrikaner majority in the area and an independent Afrikaner ethnostate between Orania and the West Coast. Boshoff had
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workers who participated in the construction project lived in a separate area named
Grootgewaagd. The first phase of the irrigation project was completed in 1976. After the dam was completed, most of the workers moved away, and the town fell into disrepair during the 1980s. Grootgewaagd became home
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Orania has neither an official police force nor a prison. Although crime is not non-existent, it is very low, helped by having a small population whose residency applications are strictly examined. Traffic monitoring and minor crimes such as petty theft are handled internally. Volunteers carry out
2191:(Dorpsraad). The board of directors elects a chairperson, who serves as the town's mayor, and an executive officer who is responsible for the daily administration of the town. Other members of the board are given responsibility for community matters such as safety, planning and community services.
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The average wage in Orania was estimated at approximately R94,036 per annum in 2019, low by White South
African standards. The lack of cheap labour means that living in Orania is more expensive than the rest of South Africa; at the same time, unskilled workers are scarce. In 2016, CNN reported the
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In 2019 Orania's workforce was employed as follows: 269 service providers, 140 traders, 76 construction workers, 19 hospitality providers, 12 manufacturers, 66 in education, 27 agricultural service providers. The town hosts diverse industries, from macadamia farming, a toffee factory, a brewery, a
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Most
Afrikaners did not support the establishment of an Afrikaner state in the early 1990s, as they saw it as nothing more than an impractical pipe dream. Shortly after the first residents arrived in 1991, many Afrikaners derided the project as unrealistic, with even right-wingers rejecting it for
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Some people who try to live in Orania leave due to the limited choice of available jobs or the requirement to conform to local social norms. According to a 2004 study, 250 people had left Orania since its establishment in 1991, most of them due to "physical and social pressure". The difference in
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The shortage of affordable housing is a significant problem in Orania. Given the relatively low local wages, even two mid-range salaries might not be enough to buy a house. Outside investors, who can afford to pay more using savings from previous employment outside Orania, inflate housing prices.
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The Orania
Karnaval (formerly Volkstaatskou) is the main cultural event in town. Held annually since April 2000, it features exhibitions, competitions and concerts from local and national Afrikaner artists, with food stalls offering traditional Afrikaner treats. The Ora currency and the Kleinreus
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A collection of busts of Afrikaner leaders, dumped by institutions that no longer wanted them after 1994, sits on a 'monument hill' outside town. They look towards a statue of Orania's mascot named Klein Reus (small giant), a small boy shown rolling up his sleeves and getting ready to do the work
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In December 1990, about 40 Afrikaner families headed by Carel Boshoff bought the dilapidated town of Orania for around R1.5 million (US$ 585,000), on behalf of Orania Bestuursdienste (OBD) from the Department of Water Affairs. In the lead-up to the move-in, some 500 black and colored people still
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The Helpsaam Fund, a non-profit institution, raises money for projects like subsidised housing for newcomers in need. The Elim Centre accommodates unemployed young men who come to Orania seeking employment. Most are destitute when they arrive. They are usually given work with the municipality or
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The construction industry is an important element of the local economy. Orania counts 8 construction companies as of 2017. During 2020 the town set out and serviced 100 new stands, and has enough land available for a further 4200 erven, according to Frans De Klerk (head of the Orania Development
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Orania has a 3-step program of dealing with destitute Afrikaner arrivals: stabilisation, rehabilitation and integration. First they are supplied with housing, next work, and then land at 10% of market value + interest-free loans from the local co-operative bank for the construction of a house.
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Kambro Landbou Koöperatief is a legal entity established to buy land on Orania's behalf. In 2004–2005, the purchase of two farms located 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Orania, Nooitgedacht and Biesiebult, added 4,000 hectares (9,900 acres) to the town's territory. Biesiebult is a pasture,
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in 2011, described the conventional narrative about Orania as the last bastion of apartheid, and a "pathetic outpost of embittered racists" who refuse to live in equality with black South Africans. Nikitin notes that Orania lacks some of the conventional indications of privilege found in other
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Prospective residents are required to go through an interview process with a committee, which may deny access to people based on criteria such as criminal records. Once permission is granted, the new residents become members of the community, either as shareholders if they buy property, or as
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In November 2005, around 20 coloured families who lived in Kleingeluk before 1991 lodged a land claim with the government for around 483 hectares (1,190 acres) of land within Orania. It was settled in December 2006 when the South African government agreed to pay the claimants R2.9 million in
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A policy shift was announced in 2014. Acknowledging that early growth expectations had not been met, the town's chief executive argued that Orania should employ its limited resources to grow into a 'city' of around 50,000 inhabitants. Urbanisation was deemed necessary to strengthen cultural
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Farm Vluytjeskraal Noord was bought by a group of Orania residents in 2011. Vygiesvlakte is a 2,600 hectares (6,400 acres) farm on the West Coast, near Groenriviermond. It was purchased around 2012. After the Vluytjeskraal Noord purchase, the town administration decided that developing the
1172:, describes Orania's heavy emphasis on self-reliance as a paradox: "While Orania is the place Whites can go to undergo the regimen most explicitly designed to cleanse themselves of the sins of apartheid, it is also the place they can go to live most visibly like they did before it ended."
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lived in Orania (then called Grootgewaagd). 64 families were evicted by the Department of Water Affairs in early 1991, in one of the last largescale forced removals of Apartheid. The families were provided newly built homes, but were taken more than 100 km (62 mi) away to
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was seen as a more effective way to achieve prosperity and decision-making power. The shift met with some resistance, as the Orania Movement was seen as straying away from its original goal. The movement since then promotes Orania as the "Home of the Afrikaner" (Afrikanertuiste).
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plantation. The plantation is said to have given Orania a substantial economic boost. Most of the agricultural production is exported to China. Since purchasing the 430-hectare (1,100-acre) town, the community has added 7,000 hectares (17,000 acres) of agricultural land to it. A
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visited the Afrikaner enclave. The groups met to discuss community development and discussed methods of self-governance. On 4 July 2007 the town of Orania and the Northern Cape government agreed that all government levels should discuss the question of Orania's self-government.
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Parts of the community are critical of the share block arrangement, as it offers no effective representation to people who rent their house, and thus are not shareholders in the company. Even shareholding residents feel they have only a limited say in the management of Orania.
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himself. These old and new statues are symbolic of the Afrikaner's past and future. The small giant symbol is also used for the town's flag, its currency and merchandise. It was designed by South African artist Elly Holm. The colours of the town's flag is based on the Dutch
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newspaper, wrote in 2015 that: "Orania was a revelation to me. I was enormously impressed by its success, decency, safety, modesty, friendliness, cleanliness, by its spirit of goodwill, by its egalitarian attitudes and, above all, by its prevailing philosophy of freedom".
1840:) system which is unorthodox by South African standards. Because the town had few school-aged children when it was established, the school adopted a computer-based learning system that allowed students of different levels to be taught by a single teacher. The Volkskool's
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Being an Afrikaner is the most important criterion for admission. Although the town has no formal statute barring admission based on race, which would violate South Africa's constitution, in practice only Whites are admitted. Though the community is not supportive of
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In 2022, it was reported that the construction of a 900kW solar energy plant was completed in Orania with the aim being energy independence. The plant is owned by the town's council, which sells the electricity generated from solar to residents at the same price as
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2321:. It is used mostly for agriculture, with a smaller built-up area along the river bank. Kambro also own a 380 hectares (940 acres) farm west of Orania. The Masada farmhouse opposite Orania, about 150 hectares (370 acres), was bought and proclaimed as an eco-park.
1332:(AWB) members made up a sizable minority of the population. In July 1991, one resident publicly threatened to resort to terrorism unless Orania was granted independence. By 1993, people with similarly militant views had reportedly been removed from the community.
1077:, arguing that repeated use with no grounding in reality had led it to become an abstract term. While regarding an Afrikaner nation as desirable, he felt the word carried too much baggage, connected to unrealistic and anachronistic expectations. The vision of an
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The town has grown at an annual population growth that was estimated at 10% in 2019. The population increased by 55% to 2,500 from 2018 to mid-2022, and to 2,800 in July 2023. In 2023, the town council wanted the population to grow to 10,000 as soon as possible.
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The town is privately owned by the Vluytjeskraal Aandeleblok company (VAB, Vluytjiekraal Share Block). Ownership of plots and houses is in the form of shares in the company, according to a framework known as 'share block' under South African law, similar to the
1743:
The arrival of Orania residents from various parts of South Africa meant that newcomers brought a relatively large variety of denominations to their new town. In the early years, all denominations shared one church building. On important holidays such as the
834:(Afrikaner Freedom Foundation) or Avstig. The founding principles of the Avstig were based on the belief that since black majority rule was unavoidable, and European minority rule morally unjustifiable, Afrikaners would have to form their own nation, or
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provide services to this private entity, which then splits the costs and charges the end users. The budget for the fiscal year 2006/2007 was R2.45 million. Harry Theron is the company chairman as of 2018; Frans de Klerk is the chief executive officer.
1003:, visiting in 1993, noted that houses had been repaired, but the town lacked any meaningful economic activity. There were few jobs available, and no money for further development. The town relied on neighboring farms for food. Orania elected its own
1085:
In August 2023, Orania held a city planning conference in Pretoria where the new city plan from NewUrban city planners was released. The town is planning for substantial growth in the future with up to one million residents in the area anticipated.
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in the Transvaal and the Free State, which encompass the economic heartland of South Africa and much of its natural resources, instead focusing on an economically underdeveloped and semi-desert area in the north-western Cape. This desert state,
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A local census carried out in 2020, found 2,066 inhabitants. Children made up a third of the population. According to town authorities, the population had grown by 16.5% annually, much higher than the South African average of 1.3% per year.
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of modern South Africa. Despite this, Orania maintains several monuments of the apartheid which had been discarded from other places. The Orania Cultural History Museum includes busts of every apartheid president of South Africa except for
4384:...the town was created during the last years of apartheid, where it was meant to be a safe haven for Afrikaners. They are the ethnic group descended from the Europeans who colonized South Africa. They speak their own language, Afrikaans.
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In January 2021, the Orania Movement made a Facebook post about how Afrikaners should develop their own sport institutions in view of government controlled sports organisations being hostile to Afrikaners. Facebook removed this post as
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A R9 million dairy farm, the Bo-Karoo Suiwel, operated in Orania from 1998 to 2002. Though deemed one of the most modern dairies in South Africa at the time, the increased cost of imported machinery caused by a decline in value of the
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college, offering courses in technical subjects such as welding, metalworking and engineering, was opened in 2017. In 2019, it started the first course with 5 students, by 2023 the total number of students increased to 108 students.
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in search of better grazing. An 1842 Rawstone map shows the Vluytjeskraal farm, on which Orania would later be built. The first known inhabitant of what is today Orania was Stephanus Ockert Vermeulen, who purchased the farm in 1882.
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1533:(Day of the Vow) on 16 December is one of the most important holidays for the community. Locals wear traditional clothing and go to church to commemorate the victory of 470 Afrikaners over an army of 15,000 Zulu warriors in 1838.
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in Italy's South Tyrol province. In 2022, representatives of Orania have visited politicians and two Parliaments in Europe (The Netherlands and Belgium) to make the case that Afrikaners are a victimised minority in South Africa
796:(SABRA) in 1966. By the 1970s, SABRA advocated the idea of transforming South Africa into a commonwealth, where different population groups would develop parallel to each other. At the time, mainstream Afrikaners supported the
1980:
was required to start new businesses in town, which was only granted if the new business did not compete with existing ones. The permit system proved unworkable, causing dissatisfaction among the residents, and was abolished.
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in December 2007, and the station began broadcasting on 13 April 2008 on 95.5 MHz. The community station is run by volunteers and counts over 50 contributors. Programmes include readings of Afrikaans literature such as
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Since 1994, citizens of Orania have voted in the six national elections. Over the last three elections, Orania had an average vote turnout of 65%, based on registered voters. In the South African general elections in
1340:, which found that negotiations between the residents of Orania and the government for a compromise on Orania's municipal status should take place; until such an agreement can be reached, the status quo would remain.
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saw it as "the last pathetic holdout of the former ruling class of South Africa", continuing that "the Afrikaners who once forced blacks to live apart from the rest of society are now living in their own prison".
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2285:("Orania West"). Kleingeluk is a separate district about 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) from Grootdorp, and is poorer than the main town, although progress has been made in narrowing the gap in living conditions.
1039:, visited Orania. He said that he was "warmly welcomed", that Orania had "interesting ideas", and, "the Oraniers were prepared to live in South Africa, but wanted a place to exercise their culture". In May 2023,
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The Afrikaanse Protestantse Kerk was established in 1991, making it the first church to be established in Orania. In 2015 the congregation counted 145 members. The church is located in a prefabricated building.
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In order to maintain a whites-only town, the Orania group set up an entity called the Vlutjeskraal shareblock scheme (VAB), which approves who has use rights to property in the town (no one except the VAB owns
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feels that, "What makes Orania different is that it makes no secret of its discrimination. Because of this, the town has come to occupy a place in the public imagination vastly out of proportion to its size".
1007:, a temporary form of local government created after the end of apartheid, in 1995. Construction on an irrigation scheme to cover a 400-hectare (990-acre) area began in 1995 and was completed in October 1996.
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The town is privately owned by the Vluytjeskraal Aandeleblok company (VAB, Vluytjiekraal Share Block). Ownership of plots and houses is in the form of shares in the company, according to a framework known as
1335:
In December 2000, the provincial government ordered the dissolution of Orania's town council and its absorption into a new municipality along with neighbouring towns. Oranians lodged an application with the
1272:, including Pretoria, to form a state where the many black residents would have only limited voting rights. Negotiations to this end were conducted with the African National Congress, but were inconclusive.
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2429:. National police are only called in as a last resort. Residents are exhorted to use mediation and arbitration procedures made available by the town council, rather than resorting to South African courts.
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based on the Local Government Transition Act of 1993, where other municipalities are based on the Municipal Structures Act of 1998. This legal framework was laid down in 2000 when an agreement between the
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are provided, except for agricultural land. Share blocks are linked to portions of the company's real estate property, and the shareholder acquires the right to use property linked to their share block.
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Coverage generally describes Orania as culturally backward, racially intolerant, and separatist. Descriptions of Orania frequently call it "whites-only", since the town only accepts Afrikaner residents.
682:("self reliance"). All jobs, from management to manual labour, are done by Afrikaners; non-Afrikaner people are not allowed to live or work there. The town's monoethnic philosophy rejects the concept of
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Orania Transitional Representative Council and the Orania Inhabitants Association vs. The President of the Government of the Republic of South Africa and 47 others, Northern Cape High Court, 1148/2000.
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1281:, praised the town for its safety and environmentally friendly approaches to living, but also wrote that overt racist ideas and ideology still underpinned the views of many residents. Members of the
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named Orania as one of their 30 "anchor towns" to which Afrikaner migration should be encouraged with the aim of becoming the majority population in these areas, making self determination possible.
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to collect money for charity and is one of the town's tourist attractions. The town also houses the Irish Volunteer Monument, dedicated to the Irish soldiers who fought on the Boer side during the
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Orania also has a tourism industry. As of 2010, thirteen independent hospitality businesses operated in the town. From October 2012 to February 2013, about 2,000 holidaymakers visited the town.
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2389:, and a pharmacist according to Frans De Klerk, head of the Orania Development Company. The town has two airstrips, one 1,300 metres (4,300 ft) and the other 1,000 metres (3,300 ft).
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or Christian People's Education) and Volkskool Orania (Orania People's School). Afrikaans is the language of instruction, while English is taught as a second language. Both schools follow the
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Orania grew to 200 permanent inhabitants in 1996. By 1998 R15 million had been invested in the town for expenses including the upgrading of water and electricity supply, roads and businesses.
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institutions, deliver services and make possible an adequate standard of living for residents. However, the ultimate objective remains self-determination, similar to the small countries of
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said that, "If you're a certain way inclined, Orania is probably a nice place to live. It's very neighbourly. It's also one of the dullest, most achingly pointless places in Christendom".
766:. It was part of a bigger scheme to bring water to the semi-desert central parts of South Africa. Other comparable construction towns like Vanderkloof and Oviston were also established.
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Orania Dorpskantoor just announced population growth for 2021. 15% growth! (16.5% in 2020) We expect this to continue in 2022. Current average age 37. This is 2021 data but was 2,377
2231:(OVR, Orania Representative Council) is an elected institution, tasked with handling Orania's political interests in negotiations on the provincial and national levels. It is the last
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1497:(sheep's head) is part of the local culinary heritage. Like most White South Africans, Orania residents are rugby fans. The town has a rugby team, the Orania Rebelle, playing in the
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In August 1991, the 2,300-hectare (5,700-acre) farm farm Vluytjeskraal 272 was added to Orania. It was divided into smaller farmsteads, and now grows pecan nuts, olives and fruit.
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In 2022, an audit of 18 landfill sites in the Northern Cape found that Orania's dump is the only one in the Northern Cape that was compliant with government national standards.
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In 2007, the University of Pretoria's office of community engagement arranged for a group of black women from a Pretoria township to travel to the whites-only town of Orania
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Vluytjeskraal functions like a municipal administration, being funded by rates and delivering services like water, electricity and waste management. Utility companies like
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4248:"The Griqua Past and the Limits of South African History, 1902–1994; Settler Colonialism and Land Rights in South Africa: Possession and Dispossession on the Orange River"
2019:. Orania launched its own chequebook in 2007. The enclave is currently working to introduce the e-Ora, a digital version of the currency that is currently in circulation.
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be performed by its citizens, including ploughing fields, collecting garbage and tending gardens, which is traditionally performed by blacks in the rest of South Africa.
737:. The earliest indication of the presence of Afrikaner people in Orania dates to 1762; in the early 19th century, many farmers moved seasonally back and forth across the
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If you want to taste regte egte (real genuine) Afrikaans culture, arrange a visit to Orania during one of their special occasions when they'll host traditional dancing,
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There is a rivalry between the schools, which is generally friendly but can occasionally become quite fierce. Not all local children attend them, as some parents choose
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2247:, the Northern Cape government and the Orania Representative Council was reached about a provisional status for Orania. This agreement was confirmed by a ruling of the
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on the Orange River, financed and built by the town's residents, provides water for agricultural use. The station is connected to a 9-kilometre (5.6 mi) pipeline.
1392:, according to their new policy of "banning praise or support for White separatism" from their platform. In response the Orania movement created a channel on Telegram.
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The Boshoff family are regarded as the 'political elite' of Orania. They are generally seen as being relatively more liberal than most of the town's other residents.
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6541:"Zealots' Dream Falters in Whites-Only S. Africa Town : Racism: Bastion of intolerance sees itself as model. But glimpse of future disappoints some separatists"
2421:, to handle reports of illegal activities such as theft, but also more trivial matters such as littering and noise complaints. Apprehended suspects are taken to the
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Kambrolandskap Koöperatief is a separate legal entity acquiring land on Orania's behalf. It owns land plots in share blocks, just like Vluytjeskraal Aandeleblok.
938:, he thought that it was essential Afrikaners have this option, since it would make them feel more secure, thereby reducing tensions in the rest of South Africa.
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11494:"Channel 4 commissions Ade: My Week in the Whitest Place on Earth (w/t), a new film by Ade Adepitan exploring one of the most extreme communities on the planet"
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policy, which allocated 174,307 square kilometres (67,300 sq mi) for the 15 million black Africans living in South Africa at the time. (See also:
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signed a cooperation agreement in December 2012, to assist in the development of own institutions and the transfer of knowledge between the communities.
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in April 2010, as he saw him as having chosen a path of confrontation and conflict. Boshoff IV also noted that the Orania concept was at odds with the
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biome, and receives 191 millimetres (7.5 in) of rain a year. More than 30,000 trees have been planted in Orania and the surrounding farmlands.
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to a mixture of coloured and black families who squatted on the abandoned land. The Department of Water Affairs completely abandoned Orania in 1989.
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Orania does not celebrate South African national holidays. Instead, it has largely carried over the national holidays from apartheid South Africa.
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Some black people from neighbouring communities feel that they are not welcome to visit the town, to buy in local shops or to use petrol stations.
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was not as impressed when it said that Orania was a "ghost town where White supremacists dream of carving out an idyllic homeland". In 1994 the
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de Beer, F.C. (2006). "Exercise in futility or dawn of Afrikaner self-determination: an exploratory ethno-historical investigation of Orania".
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A whites-only enclave is launching its own currency just two days after South Africa celebrated the 10th anniversary of the end of apartheid."
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covering 2,300 hectares (5,700 acres), and is used as grazing land for cattle. Nooitgedacht is a riverfront farm, located between Orania and
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11145:"@siithe @Outta_Ctrl It's called Radio Orania and don't have a single paid employee. More than 50 volunteers work for our community station"
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to fund future expansion. In April 2024, Orania took possession of a 4.8 MWh BESS battery to power the town during rolling blackouts.
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Geldenhuys, D. (2006). "'n Internasionale perspektief op selfbeskikking" [An International Perspective on self determination].
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similarly writes that residents of Orania "have a reputation for being racists, and that the town attracts plenty of negative press".
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opposed the creation of an Afrikaner state, and the existence of Orania, but it took no action, believing it would fail on its own.
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12107:"The "bottom-up" approach to Local Economic Development (LED) in small towns: A South African case study of Orania and Philippolis"
11289:"The "bottom-up" approach to Local Economic Development (LED) In small towns: a South African case study of Orania and Philippolis"
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originally envisaged a population of 60,000 after 15 years. While he conceded that most Afrikaners might decide not to move to the
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Members of the Orania Beweging, including its president Carel Boshoff, went on a European tour in 2013, meeting with MPs from the
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extant in South Africa. The Representative Council is elected by all residents, including those who own no shares in the company.
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in 2002 by a group of Afrikaners concerned by its imminent demolition. There is also a Verwoerd museum, where items and photos of
733:, who remained the main cultural group until the second half of the 1700s, with the arrival of European hunters, trekkers and the
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network of similarly minded schools across the country. As a Reformed Christian school, its teachings are in accordance with the
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Hues, Henning; Morgan, Katalin (July 2010). "The raising of the flag in 'Volkstaat' Orania: Perspectives on a school ceremony".
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developments and a rising number of young adult immigrants, but also caused an increase in class differences between residents.
1625:. Also the founding date of the Republic of South Africa in 1961, and celebrated as Republic Day during the pre-democratic era.
686:, where the White minority exploited Black labour for economic gain, in favour of a model of strict Afrikaner self-sufficiency.
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Proponents of the idea conceded that this model would demand significant economic sacrifices from Afrikaners who moved to the
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In July 2022, two tribal leaders visited Orania on diplomatic missions. Representatives from the AmaBhele kaJamangile of the
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said, "Destroy the money, destroy the damn flag. Charge these White, Orania 'Boere', for their racism, throw them in jail".
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established the town as Vluytjeskraal in 1963 to house the workers who were building the irrigation canals connected to the
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7613:"Racist Lesufi once again disregards rights of Afrikaans-speaking communities in Combined School in Cullinan | SA-News.com"
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In 2013, Orania had a small clinic, and a government-funded nurse visited twice a month. By 2020, the town had a doctor, a
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local farms, and provided with training. Nerina, the equivalent residential complex for women, was completed in July 2012.
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About 244 businesses were registered in Orania in 2019, and town leaders reported annual economic growth in excess of 11%.
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3552:, the town hall's newsletter, was launched in November 2005 and reports on local events and meetings of the town council.
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The town's territory originally covered 300 hectares (740 acres), and was expanded through a number of land acquisitions.
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post-apartheid White South African suburbs, such as black servants and some material luxuries. Eve Fairbanks, writing for
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Cavanagh, Edward (2013b). "The History of Dispossession at Orania and the Politics of Land Restitution in South Africa".
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In September 2022, the Shareblock Company confirmed that Orania received its 31st clean and unqualified municipal audit.
11986:"Exercise In Futility, Or Dawn Of Afrikaner Self-determination: An Exploratory Ethno-historical Investigation Of Orania"
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Orania receives no fiscal contributions from either state or provincial government, and must generate all funds itself.
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living museum construction started in Orania, designed by Christiaan van Zyl, one of South Africa's foremost experts on
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11308:"Exercise in futility or dawn of Afrikaner self-determination: an exploratory ethno-historical investigation of Orania"
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In the 2019 general elections, the EFF took its members from surrounding areas to the voting station in Orania. In the
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7108:"BREAKING NEWS: We are happy to announce that #Orania has made the list of 30 "anchor towns" indicated by @afriforum…"
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In 2017, local media reported on child abuse committed by an elderly Orania resident that went undetected for years.
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was established in 2001. The Orania Spaar- en Kredietkoöperatief (Orania Savings and Credit Co-operative) is a local
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curriculum; the CVO school offers a more conservative education, while the Volkskool is relatively more progressive.
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Party only contest in the 2004 elections and then submerged into the Freedom Front, making it the Freedom Front Plus
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group who visited Orania in February 2015 came back with mostly positive impressions of the town, comparing it to a
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describe an uneasy relationship between the town's residents and the country's apartheid history. Orania's strict
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nuts. Orania prints its own money-like coupons which can be used to purchase in its stores and maintains the last
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The unusual and controversial nature of Orania has drawn the interest of researchers, especially in the field of
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are on display. It was the house where his widow lived from 1992 until her death at the age of 98 years in 2000.
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article describes it as a "widely ridiculed town" and a "media byword for racism and irredentism". An article in
600:. The town is generally described by outside observers and scholars as "Whites-only" and as an attempt to revive
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The Volkskool, established in June 1991 with Julian Visser as its first principal, uses a self-driven teaching (
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773:, referring to the adjoining river, after it was chosen in a competition. By 1965, it was home to 56 families.
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1409:(Orania Movement) is a local political and cultural organisation that promotes Afrikaner history and culture.
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3943:. The film is a sociological study of the town. The town was also featured in a 2009 documentary produced by
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Residents argue that they wish to preserve their own Afrikaner cultural heritage and protect themselves from
355:
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Labuschagne, P. (2008). "Uti Possidetis? versus self-determination: Orania and an independent "volkstaat"".
11657:
Delvecki, Ajax; Greiner, Alyson (December 2014). "Circling of the Wagons?: A Look at Orania, South Africa".
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2124:. The building is open to the public as a living museum; it is the largest earthbag earthship in the world.
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The idea that Afrikaners should concentrate in a limited region of South Africa was first circulated by the
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https://mybroadband.co.za/news/energy/534515-orania-kissing-load-shedding-goodbye-with-massive-battery.html
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of the Northern Cape. In March 2015, the Dutch Reformed Church in Orania voted against changes to the DRC
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infrastructure of existing land should be the priority, though new land acquisitions were not ruled out.
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has stated that it is opposed to the idea of a Whites-only community, it has generally ignored the town.
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from the original on 12 February 2016 – via Southern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit,
5650:"Section 235 of the Constitution: Too Soon or too Late for Cultural Self-Determination in South Africa?"
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2007:
in 2011, and in 2013 it had R45 million in savings deposits. During April 2004, Orania launched its own
1420:(cultural history museum). Exhibits housed in the museum include the Felix Lategan gun collection and a
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its location in barren territory, far from traditional Afrikaner states. Two decades later, a survey of
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In 2019, the SAPS's Child Protection Unit visited the Volkskool Orania school to investigate a case of
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Orania residents are eligible to vote in the Thembelihle municipal elections, but few choose to do so.
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2004:
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919:, because of its very inhospitableness would not be feared or coveted by the South African government.
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581:, has strict controlled border walls and doesn’t allow non-Afrikaner people to live or work in Orania.
11121:
5483:
4168:"Moving Monuments: Settler Nationalism and the Peregrinations of the Transvaal Irish Brigade Monument"
3564:, a publication of the Orania Beweging, is aimed primarily at non-residents who support the movement.
2554:
met with Orania's leadership. The purpose of the visits was ‘to learn more about self-determination’.
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Settler Colonialism and Land Rights in South Africa: Possession and Dispossession on the Orange River
11307:
8384:"We shed no tears for Nelson Mandela. He is a fallen opponent, say residents of white enclave Orania"
5886:
4928:"Boer, blanche et prospère : une semaine à Orania, qui refuse le multiculturalisme sud-africain"
4294:
Orania—24 Years After Apartheid: The Sociopolitical Reanimation of a Small Rural Town in South Africa
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supervises all educational activities in Orania. Orania's schools have consistently achieved a 100%
12565:
10234:"Dr Esaias Christoffel Philippus Nothnagel • General Practitioner (GP) • Orania, Thembelihle Rural"
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against a student teacher. The student teacher was charged before the Hopetown Magistrate's Court.
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11520:"TV tonight: what happened when a Black broadcaster visited a 'whites-only' town in South Africa?"
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system was seen as innovative and received attention from South African media in the early 2000s.
1824:
The CVO-school, established in January 1993, is run along conventional lines. It boasts of a 100%
619:
The town's economy is focused on self-sufficiency and is largely based on agriculture, notably of
584:
The town was founded with the goal of creating a stronghold for the Afrikaner minority group, the
12580:
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11518:
Richardson, Hollie; Catterall, Ali; Virtue, Graeme; Seale, Jack; Wardell, Simon (18 March 2024).
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lifestyle compared to an urban environment is another factor that negatively impacts newcomers.
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Town authorities have a strong focus on green practices, including recycling and conservation.
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and is referred as a coupon system by the Orania Chamber of Commerce. The Ora is pegged to the
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93:
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2350:, some gay people do live in Orania. Unmarried couples living together are also frowned upon.
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The Department of Water Affairs changed the name to Orania, a variation of the Afrikaans word
678:
The stated goal of Orania's founders was the preservation of Afrikaner cultural heritage, and
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is held every year. The shareholders, numbering about 400 as of 2017, vote for the company's
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Farming is an important part of Orania's economy, the most prominent project being a massive
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705:
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12570:
12065:"Changing economic bases: Orania as a case study of small-town development in South Africa"
11946:
Dispossession and Restitution: Property in Land and the Politics of History in South Africa
11262:"Changing economic bases: Orania as a case study of small-town development in South Africa"
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party members from Hopewell, Northern Cape cast their ballots in Orania as a political act.
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concept until 1993, shortly before converging with other right-wing organisations into the
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11823:
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7107:
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4297:. Key Challenges in Geography. Cham: Springer International Publishing. pp. 217–230.
8:
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5961:"Les Afrikaners 'pure souche' rêvent d'une patrie indépendante et ont déjà créé "Orania""
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idea, mostly non-residents of Orania, and deals with local events and Afrikaner history.
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1996:
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6207:"WATCH | From infrastructure to load-shedding: Inside Gayton McKenzie's visit to Orania"
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The Dutch Reformed Church in Orania was established in 1999, when it detached from the
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readers (in 2010), found that 56% of respondents would consider moving to a Volkstaat.
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architectural style. Most of the original buildings from the water department era are
926:. The model is based on the principle of 'own labour', requiring that all work in the
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7748:"The persecution of minority communities in SA - AfriForum - DOCUMENTS | Politicsweb"
7697:
7479:"Orania held its own election this week, buoyed by a vision of growth and prosperity"
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6854:"From the Vault: 'Everyone in Orania is woke': A journey to SA's most notorious town"
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In 2022, Orania completed its new sewage works in anticipation of 10,000 residents.
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described it as a "Zealots' Dream" and "a bastion of intolerance". A year later the
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6238:"Orania van dorp tot stad – 'n nuwe strategie. Boek bied belangrike nuwe strategie"
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party in the 2014 election elicited a number of comments from South African media.
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2000:
1977:
1976:
call centre, stockbroking services, architecture, construction, etc. Previously, a
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1428:. The Koeksistermonument, erected in 2003, celebrates the women who baked and sold
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1070:
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698:
643:
as a replacement for cash. In 2022, Orania's landfill site was the only one in the
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4183:
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principles, work stops on Sundays, except for services that are deemed essential.
1175:
Regarding the near-total segregation of the town and lack of any black residents,
823:, a right-wing academic and the son-in-law of former South African Prime Minister
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travels to Orania to understand the mindset of its people. The film was entitled
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2008:
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840:, in a smaller part of South Africa. Orania was intended to be the basis of the
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4501:
4435:"Pretoria — Orania, distance between cities (km, mi), Driving directions, road"
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The climate of the area around the town is that of a dry-winter desert (Köppen
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2023:
2012:
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7563:"We will 'relocate landless people' to 'whites-only places' like Orania – EFF"
6358:
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5784:
5635:"Accord on Afrikaner self-determination 23 April 1994 - the O'Malley Archives"
977:
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12822:
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12585:
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12034:
11903:
Afrikanerdoom?: negotiating Afrikaner identity in post-apartheid South Africa
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region to fully comply with government environmental and health regulations.
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262:
249:
107:
12169:
9117:"The Ora as facilitator of sustainable local economic development in Orania"
7693:"Black Lives Matter: Minister slammed for 'forcing athletes' to take a knee"
4291:
Kotze, Nico; Schoeman, Ruan; Carow, Sanet; Schmitz, Peter (6 October 2019).
1328:
views hampered early attempts to gain broader acceptance for the community.
12691:
12514:
12212:
10786:"Traditional leaders visit Orania - as tribes look to build ties with town"
4619:
4026:
3967:
3917:
3588:, depending on how these designations are defined). Orania is part of the
3534:
3427:
3256:
2547:
2498:
2471:
2463:
2386:
2302:
reporter wrote in 2013 that "none of the town's buildings are impressive".
2164:
2098:
1951:
According to the 2011 census, 97.2% of the population of Orania was White.
1852:
1776:
1611:
1582:
1506:
1425:
1381:
1297:
738:
659:
550:
530:
340:
284:
12097:
12026:
8655:
2459:
Over the years, Orania has been visited by many public figures, including
1700:
Orania is a deeply religious community, with local churches including the
1156:
described Orania as a "curious hangover from the vanished terrible past".
12721:
12608:
12547:
12481:
12453:
12443:
12420:
12380:
12293:
12243:
11884:
11816:'Volk' Faith and Fatherland. The Security Threat Posed by the White Right
8290:(in Afrikaans). Orania Beweging. February 2009. p. 2. Archived from
7242:
6603:
6497:
5009:
4006:
3431:
2540:
2318:
2172:
1660:
1389:
1210:, questioned the perception that the town is a refuge for racial bigots.
1137:
1025:
632:
608:, a clean criminal record, and sharing the community's values and goals.
546:
85:
50:
10449:"Teacher in whites-only town Orania arrested for alleged statutory rape"
7081:"Orania: These building projects show how "Whites-only" town is growing"
5887:"Making way for Orania's Boere, families moved 100 km away to Warrenton"
3944:
2043:
997:
The town council was established in February 1992. A journalist for the
658:
in 2010. The town has also received visits from tribal leaders from the
627:
in South Africa, but receives no national funding. The town has pursued
12812:
12486:
11670:
9822:"In energy-starved South Africa, whites-only town basks in solar power"
6536:
4554:
4150:
3589:
2486:
2475:
2269:
Map of Orania, showing the private entities owning the town's territory
2035:
the paper bills and, unlike them, it does not have an expiration date.
1941:
1841:
1733:
1687:
1674:
1559:
1522:
1430:
1290:
1277:
1036:
867:
730:
721:
The Orania region has been inhabited since about 30,000 years ago when
655:
543:
534:
11936:
11910:
11850:
9573:
8111:
8109:
5259:"The Residential Development on the Farm Vluytjes Kraal Noord, Orania"
4330:"Separate Development and Self-Reliance at the University of Pretoria"
4201:"Separate Development and Self-Reliance at the University of Pretoria"
3556:
is an independent local publication that is sent to supporters of the
12827:
12787:
12624:
12603:
12370:
11755:
10258:
10120:"'An indictment of South Africa': whites-only town Orania is booming"
7997:
7872:
6211:
6126:
5367:
5365:
5076:
4932:
4909:"'An indictment of South Africa': whites-only town Orania is booming"
4859:
4795:
4754:
4615:"'An indictment of South Africa': whites-only town Orania is booming"
4469:
4041:
3963:
3952:
2539:
In August 2018, the Orania movement met with the previous president,
2117:
2052:
1640:
1595:
1483:
1421:
1325:
1301:
1282:
1214:
1203:
1098:
872:
849:
836:
797:
787:
722:
694:
605:
601:
597:
593:
585:
566:
526:
439:
429:
10937:"'It's a landslide' – here's how Orania voted in the 2021 Elections"
10298:"Is Orania crime-free? Fact-checkers, politicians aren't so sure..."
9848:"Orania 'putting other municipalities to shame' - with THIS service"
7971:"Orania in Beweging | Episode 9: Simboliek (English subtitles)"
4883:"Orania 'putting other municipalities to shame' - with THIS service"
4819:"Inside an All-White Town's Divisive Experiment With Cryptocurrency"
1275:
In 2010, Marida Fitzpatrick, journalist for the Afrikaans newspaper
64:
12711:
12613:
12537:
12509:
12265:
12147:
11698:
10351:
8106:
7924:"Brixton to Orania: The great trek of the Irish Volunteer Monument"
7803:
6456:
5104:
4715:
4016:
2864:
2533:
2502:
2490:
2426:
1833:. In November 2020, the construction of 12 new classrooms started.
1651:
1435:
1220:
Professor Kwandiwe Kondlo, a professor in political economy at the
1064:
861:
774:
683:
570:
539:
335:
11795:
Drawing Fire: Investigating the Accusations of Apartheid in Israel
9996:
9994:
8797:
6332:
5362:
4529:
4527:
4525:
4523:
4521:
4519:
4434:
2692:
2651:
2265:
12519:
12425:
11948:(MA-dissertation). Johannesburg: University of the Witwatersrand.
11759:
11478:
11164:
10487:
9931:"Orania receives its 31st CLEAN AUDIT - in 31 years of existence"
9722:
7647:
7115:
6363:
6190:
5964:
3966:
commissioned a documentary in which British television presenter
2677:
2373:
2113:
Between 1991 and 2022, over 35,000 trees were planted in Orania.
2016:
1489:
1370:
1101:
crew interviewing Carel Boshoff, President of the Orania Movement
1060:
845:
589:
279:
11931:(MA-dissertation). Bloemfontein: Universiteit van die Vrystaat.
9046:"Groot gaping tussen ryk en arm kan Orania se nuwe visie verdof"
6988:"Volkstaat hou g'n heil in: Beeld: Rubrieke: Gasrubriekskrywers"
6502:"Orania Journal; In a 'Whites Only' Utopia, No Escaping Discord"
5136:"Orania Journal; Afrikaners Have a Dream, Very Like the Old One"
1256:
The largest right-wing party in apartheid-era South Africa, the
12375:
12353:
11266:
Acta Academica: Critical Views on Society, Culture and Politics
11235:"Orania, South Africa - Climate & Monthly weather forecast"
9991:
9190:"20 years of democracy in Orania: The past might have a future"
7588:"[LISTEN] Lesufi 'waging war on Afrikaans' - Afriforum"
5748:
5615:
5534:
5266:
4516:
4374:"Inside the all-white 'Apartheid town' of Orania, South Africa"
3924:
concept, and the suitability of Orania as a growth point for a
2733:
1825:
444:
11929:'n Antropologiese studie na die identiteit van vroue in Orania
11762:(yoke-pin) and eat skaapkop (traditional sheep-head delicacy).
11517:
8419:"Hoe die Afrikaanse Protestantse Kerk van Orania ontstaan het"
7829:
7451:. SABC Digital News. 21 January 2018. Event occurs at 20:00.
1968:
Pivot irrigation is supplied with water from the Orange River.
750:
725:
hunter-gatherers lived a nomadic lifestyle there. A number of
11905:(Masters thesis). University of Cape Town. pp. 107–110.
11209:"Orania is 'self- determining' and even has its own currency"
10045:(in Afrikaans). Orania Beweging. September 2012. p. 16.
9972:
9970:
6992:
2838:
2751:
2202:
2140:
1772:
1447:
1250:
620:
554:
11771:
Bridge Over Blood River: The Rise and Fall of the Afrikaners
5854:
5852:
5716:"Welcome to Orania, South Africa's only "purely" white town"
1783:, as did a majority of churches in the Northern Cape Synod.
1598:, 1652. Also celebrated for the founding of Orania in 1991.
1493:
are promoted within the community. Karoo-style food such as
12163:
12139:
9589:
9587:
9585:
9583:
7666:"End of the Ora? Mounting calls for Orania to be shut down"
6417:
Schadomsky, Ludger; Collins, Charlotte (10 December 2003).
5457:
5455:
5296:(in Afrikaans). Orania Beweging. July 2011. pp. 5–11.
4650:"'Not racist': Orania shuns 'system of cheap black labour'"
2792:
2715:
495:
9967:
9208:
8959:
8957:
8353:"Leven zonder zwarten in Afrika; Orania, de blanke uitweg"
6034:. Independent Board of Inquiry. March 1996. pp. 5–8.
5736:
5514:"Table 1 – Population of South Africa by population group"
4688:[Freedom Front endeavour legitimate, says Moosa].
2238:
Orania has its own municipal structure in the form of the
1748:
interdenominational services are held. In accordance with
960:
and Carel Boshoff during Mandela's visit to Orania in 1995
8936:"Lesufi's nightmare: Population of Orania RISES by 16.5%"
8865:"Lesufi's nightmare: Population of Orania RISES by 16.5%"
7953:
7951:
5849:
5689:"The return of the right and the coming of the volkstaat"
4586:
4290:
4135:"Orania: A white homeland in post-apartheid South Africa"
2815:
2401:
Orania Veiligheidsdienste securing a truck breakdown site
1373:
11345:
11343:
11341:
10006:
9913:
9911:
9580:
8084:"Orania kry glo einde April eie geldeenheid by volkskou"
6903:
5864:
5452:
4750:"Afrikaners declare independence in their desert 'Eden'"
10277:
9147:"Orania: Afrikaner dream gives capitalism a human face"
8954:
8916:"Statistics by place / Thembelihle / Main place Oriana"
7660:
7658:
12894:
Populated places in the Thembelihle Local Municipality
10715:"Orania wants international 'friends and recognition'"
10397:
9879:
9877:
8694:
8682:
8670:
8606:
7948:
7892:
7847:
7800:"Facebook bans white nationalism and white separatism"
6847:
6845:
6640:
5229:"Video: Inside the 'Apartheid town' of Orania: Part 2"
2187:. The eight people on the board of directors form the
2110:
are a requirement for all new houses built in Orania.
11338:
11241:
10521:
10099:
9908:
9765:"Way Off The Grid: 6 Earthships That You Should Know"
9554:
7303:"Orania and N Cape govt to discuss future of enclave"
6955:"'All-White' Town Finds It Can't Live Without Blacks"
6359:"Kan Orania 'n tuiste word vir 1-miljoen Afrikaners?"
6272:"Brexit, "die Volkstaat" en dié se vreeslike bagasie"
5881:
5879:
4488:
1268:. Even then, their plan involved separating parts of
1035:
On 14 September 2010, the president of South Africa,
1028:, then Minister of Constitutional Development in the
708:. They also reject the "White" label as meaningless.
689:
Critics accuse the town authorities of rejecting the
11996:. Eastern Michigan University: 45–58. Archived from
11735:
9326:
8908:
8115:
7655:
3983:
3523:
Independent Communications Authority of South Africa
650:
Two South African presidents have visited the town.
569:
and approximately 680 kilometres (420 mi) from
10327:"Orania's Way of Life, Northern Cape, South Africa"
9874:
9343:
9341:
8314:
8312:
7510:"Orania ingesluit by EFF-kandidaat se groot planne"
6842:
6186:"Vryheidsfront Plus - President Zuma besoek Orania"
5934:"Orania and the third reinvention of the Afrikaner"
4855:"Orania on solar energy plan to get off Eskom grid"
4123:
3443:USD conversion using the end-of-year rate from the
1478:flag were both introduced during the celebrations.
1474:founded the Cape Town refreshment station in 1652.
1018:, widow of former Prime Minister Hendrik Verwoerd.
612:is an important aspect of local culture. While the
11739:Getaway Guide to Karoo, Namaqualand & Kalahari
11364:"Dawie Roodt se Orania-app lei dalk tot nuwe geld"
10418:"Man molesteer kinders glo al jare lank in Orania"
7643:"Lesufi: Orania doesn't belong to a non-racial SA"
6452:"Inside South Africa's whites-only town of Orania"
5876:
5252:
5250:
5248:
5246:
5244:
4405:"Inside South Africa's whites-only town of Orania"
3482:Merged into the African National Congress in 2005.
3437:
2769:
2628:
1944:were the main population group at the time of the
1481:Traditional Afrikaner cultural activities such as
11812:
10033:
10031:
10029:
10027:
10025:
10023:
10021:
8484:(in Afrikaans). 14 September 2006. Archived from
8454:(in Afrikaans). 14 September 1999. Archived from
7200:
7198:
7048:
7046:
6661:"Inside South Africa's last bastion of apartheid"
6416:
5754:
5621:
5587:
5585:
5540:
5474:
5472:
5470:
5284:
5282:
5280:
5278:
5276:
5274:
4533:
3576:South Africa map of Köppen climate classification
2524:Boshoff rejected an invitation to the funeral of
910:Boshoff's plans excluded the area of traditional
561:province. The town is split in two halves by the
12845:
11822:, Institute for Security Studies, archived from
10760:"Thabo Mbeki meets with the president of Orania"
10111:
9868:"Orania bou natuurlike rioolaanleg in 18 maande"
9758:
9756:
9451:(in Afrikaans). 30 December 1998. Archived from
9408:
9406:
9338:
9140:
9138:
8930:
8928:
8442:
8440:
8325:(in Afrikaans). Orania Dorpsraad. Archived from
8309:
8273:
8053:"Orania se geldeenheid op Volkstaatskou herdenk"
7472:
7470:
7247:"Black mayor to destroy dream of white homeland"
6383:"Bigotry without racism? -- Lessons from Orania"
5005:"Orania: An Afrikaner only town in South Africa"
4582:"Inside Orania, South Africa's whites-only town"
4466:"All white, and a bit green, in the far country"
3492:
3490:
3488:
2414:(Orania Security) was established as the town's
2260:
1416:(arts council with orchestra and choir) and the
1307:
941:
639:, and has experimented with introducing its own
12668:
11656:
10911:"Warm welcome for EFF members voting in Orania"
9739:"Son-demonstrasie in aardskip wys somme is reg"
9508:(in Afrikaans). 3 December 2004. Archived from
9502:"Orania se meule vroeg volgende jaar in bedryf"
8891:"South Africa Population Growth Rate 1950-2021"
8535:"Belhar: Orania se NG kerk sê nee vir wysiging"
6265:
6263:
5994:
5371:
5241:
5187:
4953:
4951:
3496:Party did not contest in elections before 2014.
3455:Party did not contest in elections before 2009.
1067:, which are also situated inside South Africa.
12166:CheckPoint feature on the town (December 2014)
11474:"FARMLANDS (2018) | Official Documentary"
11397:. Raindance Film Festival 2012. Archived from
11142:
10204:"Zuma's visit 'an outstanding day' for Orania"
10185:"Zuma's visit 'an outstanding day' for Orania"
10018:
9529:
9527:
9039:
9037:
8320:"Sosio-ekonomiese opname – Orania sensus 2014"
8240:
7195:
7105:
7052:
7043:
6412:
6410:
6150:"Zuma's visit 'an outstanding day' for Orania"
6123:"Millions of rands already invested in Orania"
6061:"Orania lets election happen - but won't vote"
5582:
5467:
5271:
4372:Smith, Candace; Pitts, Byron (12 April 2019).
1206:, the executive director of the South African
12640:
12322:
12199:
12185:
11736:Naudé-Moseley, Brent; Moseley, Steve (2008).
10689:"PVV-fractie ontvangt Afrikaner separatisten"
10564:
10562:
10145:
10118:Orania, Dennis Webster in (24 October 2019).
9753:
9403:
9135:
8925:
8437:
8082:Van Der Merwe, Hannatjie (23 February 2004).
8081:
8001:(in Afrikaans). 12 March 2003. Archived from
7467:
7357:
7158:
7133:
7131:
7129:
7127:
7125:
7012:
3951:and in "Farmlands" a documentary produced by
3505:On the election day, a group of non-resident
3485:
2543:, as part of their public relations efforts.
2377:The Gemeenskapswembad, a public swimming pool
1813:There are two schools, the CVO Skool Orania (
1193:are incompatible with both apartheid and the
11056:
11054:
9657:"Ekonomie van Orania gaan van krag tot krag"
8644:
8579:
8563:. IOL Travel Western Cape. 3 February 2015.
8178:
7140:"Orania: South Africa's last apartheid town"
6924:"A Homeland? White Volk Fence Themselves In"
6733:
6574:"A Segregated Town Survives In South Africa"
6260:
5805:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2024 (
5551:
5549:
4948:
4683:
4459:
4457:
4455:
4398:
4396:
4394:
4392:
4238:
4236:
4072:
4070:
4068:
4066:
4064:
4062:
3473:Merged into the Democratic Alliance in 2012.
716:
12399:Pixley ka Seme District within South Africa
12083:
11900:
11813:Schonteich, Martin; Boshoff, Henri (2003),
11718:The Golden Road: Notes on My Gentrification
11635:
11511:
11201:
10823:
10821:
10000:
9630:"Orania: The Little Town that Racism Built"
9524:
9266:. iAfrica. 22 February 2007. Archived from
9034:
8375:
8249:"Orania: the land where apartheid lives on"
8017:
7917:
7915:
7913:
7911:
7909:
7907:
7269:
7204:
7018:
6797:"Orania: The Little Town that Racism Built"
6652:
6572:Szechenyi, Christopher A. (30 March 1995).
6407:
5742:
5647:
5193:
4979:"Orania: The Little Town that Racism Built"
1450:, designed the monument. It was moved from
781:
565:, and is 871 kilometres (541 mi) from
12647:
12633:
12329:
12315:
12192:
12178:
12071:(1). University of the Free State: 159–172
12041:
12012:
11843:Orania and the reinvention of Afrikanerdom
11120:. SABC News. 13 April 2008. Archived from
11088:"Radio Orania gets green light from Icasa"
10572:. News24.com. 11 June 2007. Archived from
10559:
10483:"Orania teacher accused of statutory rape"
9883:
9536:"Die verdigting en uitbreiding van Orania"
9378:
9228:"South Africa's Largest Co-operative Bank"
9183:
9181:
8654:(in Afrikaans). Orania CVO. Archived from
8585:
8344:
7388:
7122:
7053:van den Heever, Juran (23 February 2015).
6376:
6374:
6231:
6229:
5997:"Boeren eisen een exclusief stukje Afrika"
5990:
5988:
5986:
5927:
5925:
5923:
5921:
5919:
5917:
5822:
5264:. South African Heritage Resources Agency.
5033:
5031:
5029:
5027:
4679:
4677:
4497:"Orania: The place where time stood still"
4371:
2216:
2093:
1014:visited the town in 1995 to have tea with
36:Micronation in Northern Cape, South Africa
11883:
11598:
11062:"Orania radio station kicked off the air"
11051:
10877:
10727:
10151:
10070:
10068:
10066:
10064:
10039:"Orania-grondgebied brei voortdurend uit"
9082:
9076:"Orania: South Africa's whites-only town"
9005:
9003:
8978:"Orania se ekonomiese model en die e-Ora"
8588:"Hammond het helder lens op Orania gerig"
8532:
8478:"As ons maar net vir Pappa geluister het"
8350:
7536:"No 'shoot out' as Malema goes to Orania"
7423:. News24. 5 December 2006. Archived from
7057:(in Afrikaans). AfriForum. Archived from
7055:"Orania – Nie so 'n vergesogte droom nie"
6691:
6571:
5995:van Nuijsenburg, Peter (14 August 1993).
5952:
5870:
5546:
5461:
5169:"We're not racists, say Orania residents"
5166:
5069:
4463:
4452:
4389:
4233:
4059:
2575:, the community voted decisively for the
2015:, based on the idea of discount shopping
1324:Initially the presence of residents with
754:Aerial photo of Orania in the early 1970s
577:. The region uses its own currency, the
11943:
11926:
11857:
11696:
11577:
11556:"Whites Only: Ade's Extremist Adventure"
11334:– via Taylor & Francis Online.
11038:
10943:. thesouthafrican.com. The South African
10818:
10686:
10667:Buren zu Gast bei Südtiroler Volkspartei
10195:
10012:
9976:
9685:
9654:
9220:
9214:
9108:
8963:
8381:
7957:
7904:
7898:
7865:
7853:
7560:
7389:Groenewald, Yolandi (18 November 2005).
6766:"Orania is not a home for racial bigots"
6300:
6204:
6125:. Orania.co.za. May 1998. Archived from
6091:"Beloved Country Repays Mandela in Kind"
5858:
5097:
4852:
4747:
4705:
4703:
4550:"Orania, South Africa's white only town"
4327:
4245:
4198:
3571:
2861:
2446:
2396:
2372:
2332:
2305:
2264:
2097:
2042:
1963:
1790:
1763:congregation. The church is part of the
1516:
1311:
1244:Production of a documentary about Orania
1239:
1093:
951:
866:
806:
749:
729:engravings indicate the presence of the
12874:Intentional communities in South Africa
12743:National Council of Provinces delegates
11983:
11952:
11845:(PhD thesis). University of Edinburgh.
11788:
11714:
11700:Orania – the embryo of a new Volkstaat?
11550:
11548:
11448:"Orania, cité blanche d'Afrique du Sud"
11361:
11305:
11185:(in Afrikaans). March 2012. p. 3.
10634:
10505:. News24. 28 March 2009. Archived from
10283:
10201:
10182:
9796:"Orania aims for 'energy independence'"
9762:
9533:
9478:(in Afrikaans). Rapport. Archived from
9445:"Melkery in Orania lewer melk vir kaas"
9412:
9347:
9178:
9043:
8553:
8413:
8411:
8246:
8162:(in Afrikaans). Rapport. Archived from
8050:
8023:
7866:Versluis, Jeanne-Marié (5 April 2000).
7797:
7358:Van Der Merwe, Hannatjie (9 May 2005).
7277:"Mufamadi meets Orania representatives"
7241:
7019:Fitzpatrick, Marida (30 January 2010).
6985:
6909:
6824:"The Rainbow Nation's Whites-Only Town"
6658:
6646:
6608:"Party's Split Casts Shadow On a Dream"
6449:
6380:
6371:
6269:
6226:
6147:
5983:
5958:
5931:
5914:
5823:Groenewald, Yolandi (1 November 2005).
5686:
5558:"Form Afrikaner Nation, Rightist Urges"
5478:
5203:. Intercontinental Books. p. 110.
5024:
4957:
4906:
4791:"Orania aims for 'energy independence'"
4674:
4612:
4402:
4165:
3595:The tree vegetation of Orania includes
2674:
2579:party. The four votes recorded for the
2288:Many houses in Orania are built in the
1985:unemployment rate in Orania to be 2%.
1109:Andrew Kenny, a regular contributor to
1053:
794:South African Bureau for Racial Affairs
673:
14:
12889:Populated places founded by Afrikaners
12846:
12783:Accord on Afrikaner self-determination
12654:
11840:
11767:
11445:
11421:"Orania, citadelle blanche en Afrique"
11349:
11247:
10891:from the original on 24 September 2015
10680:
10628:
10624:from the original on 25 December 2012.
10614:"Orania signs agreement with Mnyameni"
10594:from the original on 24 September 2015
10527:
10415:
10403:
10321:
10319:
10117:
10105:
10061:
9917:
9819:
9686:Cilliers, Charles (22 December 2014).
9627:
9593:
9560:
9476:"Orania-melkery se geldspeen droog op"
9175:Flitslig, Mei 2010 and Voorgrond, 2010
9144:
9090:"Where even street sweepers are white"
9044:Barnard, Phillippa (2 February 2008).
9009:
9000:
8700:
8688:
8676:
8612:
8396:from the original on 25 September 2015
8209:
7921:
7798:Carbone, Christopher (27 March 2019).
7476:
7339:from the original on 10 September 2018
6794:
6729:
6727:
6725:
6602:
6535:
6496:
6067:from the original on 24 September 2015
5766:
5760:
4976:
4816:
4242:Additional sources for "whites-only":
4132:
3973:Whites Only: Ade's Extremist Adventure
3645:Climate data for Orania, South Africa
2328:
1885:
1851:or boarding schools in cities such as
1736:except Maranata, which is part of the
1316:Inhabitants of Orania in front of the
1235:
1140:dubbed Orania "the racist Camelot". A
948:Accord on Afrikaner self-determination
897:Accord on Afrikaner self-determination
815:May 1984 saw the establishment of the
12628:
12310:
12173:
12104:
12062:
11697:Haleniuk, Aleksander (October 2013),
11677:
11259:
10928:
10885:"No problem with EFF votes in Orania"
10839:from the original on 18 February 2010
10588:"Orania, N Cape agree on way forward"
10074:
9955:from the original on 29 November 2017
9896:from the original on 28 November 2017
9621:
9473:
9332:
9310:
8975:
8712:
8382:Buncombe, Andrew (13 December 2013).
8157:
7401:from the original on 10 November 2008
7223:from the original on 13 February 2016
6915:
6851:
6529:
6477:
6301:de Klerk, Frans (10 September 2015).
6235:
6103:from the original on 20 November 2010
6085:
5910:SALDRU Clippings Collection 1975–2000
5818:
5816:
5654:South African Journal on Human Rights
5555:
5217:from the original on 4 February 2017.
5160:
5130:
5124:
5051:from the original on 17 December 2014
4925:
4743:
4741:
4700:
4608:
4606:
4604:
4575:
4573:
4544:
4542:
4494:
4129:Sources for "Afrikaner Nationalist":
3911:
2442:
2337:Orientation meeting for new residents
1536:A list of public holidays in Orania:
1089:
1010:In a conciliatory gesture, President
517:
12884:Populated places established in 1991
12339:Pixley ka Seme District Municipality
12207:
11545:
11374:from the original on 2 February 2018
11189:from the original on 31 October 2013
10934:
10730:"Orania building a different future"
10695:from the original on 12 January 2015
10659:
10428:from the original on 1 February 2018
10376:
10358:from the original on 23 January 2022
10295:
10202:Grobler, Andre (10 September 2010).
10183:Grobler, Andre (14 September 2010).
10152:Pretorius, Liesl (4 November 2004).
9845:
9793:
9736:
9698:from the original on 1 February 2018
9415:"Orania kan N-Kaap help, sê premier"
9379:Du Plessis, Carien (29 March 2009).
9313:"dORA: JOU KAPITAAL IS NOU DIGITAAL"
9187:
9145:Sosibo, Kwanele (12 November 2014).
8988:from the original on 5 February 2018
8920:Statistics South Africa, 2011 Census
8778:from the original on 13 January 2018
8748:from the original on 6 February 2018
8735:
8567:from the original on 4 February 2015
8408:
8363:from the original on 7 February 2018
8228:from the original on 1 February 2018
8139:from the original on 5 February 2018
7922:Sosibo, Kwanele (13 November 2014).
7690:
7507:
7205:Oosterbroek, Monica (31 July 1993).
7183:from the original on 4 February 2018
7137:
6946:
6921:
6763:
6710:from the original on 3 February 2018
6673:from the original on 24 October 2015
6628:from the original on 3 February 2018
6381:Nikitin, Vadim (16 September 2011).
6313:from the original on 6 February 2018
6248:from the original on 7 February 2018
6148:Grobler, Andre (14 September 2010).
6007:from the original on 7 February 2018
5593:"Freedom Front Policy: National Map"
5256:
5091:
5072:"Orania building a different future"
5002:
4880:
4788:
4579:
4084:from the original on 9 November 2013
3949:Orania, citadelle blanche en Afrique
2594:garnered some 88% of the votes, the
2273:Orania has three residential areas:
1512:
12859:1991 establishments in South Africa
11715:Millner, Caille (29 January 2008).
11601:Journal of Southern African Studies
10728:Donaldson, Andrew (10 April 2010).
10691:(in Dutch). Historisch Nieuwsblad.
10316:
10075:Biehl, Sebastiaan (15 April 2017).
9884:Terblanche, Ebert (26 April 2014).
9350:"Orania: The town that time forgot"
8533:Mailovich, Claudi (10 March 2015).
8448:"Orania het ook nou 'n NG gemeente"
8215:
8184:
8129:"All are watching - even in Orania"
7868:"Dorp sal 10 000 mense kan huisves"
7489:from the original on 11 August 2016
7164:
7106:@OraniaHomeland (10 October 2018).
6986:du Toit, Pieter (12 January 2010).
6952:
6922:Wren, Christopher S. (8 May 1991).
6722:
6041:from the original on 14 August 2016
5837:from the original on 6 January 2014
5687:du Toit, Pieter (23 January 2019).
5098:Standley, Jane (16 December 2000).
5070:Donaldson, Andrew (11 April 2010).
4907:Webster, Dennis (24 October 2019).
4723:from the original on 8 January 2015
4613:Webster, Dennis (24 October 2019).
4464:Donaldson, Andrew (25 April 2010).
4415:from the original on 6 October 2014
4252:Journal of Southern African Studies
4166:Doherty, Christo (2 January 2021).
4102:
4096:
2608:2024 South African general election
2233:transitional representative council
1414:Orania Kunsteraad met orkes en koor
1005:transitional representative council
625:transitional representative council
370:8.95 km (3.46 sq mi)
24:
12394:
12337:Municipalities and communities of
11919:
11454:from the original on 12 April 2015
11392:
11098:from the original on 26 April 2016
10446:
10385:from the original on 12 April 2015
10214:from the original on 23 April 2015
10154:"Afrikaners in Orania is 'anders'"
10087:from the original on 26 April 2017
10049:from the original on 22 March 2016
9542:from the original on 18 April 2015
9391:from the original on 30 March 2009
9348:Booyens, Hannelie (18 July 2013).
9196:from the original on 30 March 2015
9096:from the original on 16 March 2015
9022:from the original on 19 April 2015
8976:Biehl, Sebastiaan (26 July 2017).
8823:"Orania dalk gou ook studentedorp"
8774:(in Afrikaans). 20 February 2017.
8594:from the original on 16 April 2015
8541:from the original on 14 April 2015
8514:from the original on 13 April 2015
8351:ter Horst, Peter (7 August 1993).
8261:from the original on 16 April 2015
8247:Tweedie, Neil (13 December 2013).
8218:"Nie ontspannend, ek soek komedie"
8197:from the original on 12 April 2015
8032:from the original on 15 April 2015
7561:Friedman, Daniel (29 April 2019).
7257:from the original on 12 April 2015
7146:from the original on 31 March 2015
7138:Craw, Victoria (1 November 2014).
6967:from the original on 10 April 2015
6934:from the original on 19 April 2015
6852:Davis, Rebecca (21 January 2020).
6745:from the original on 11 April 2015
6584:from the original on 10 April 2015
6553:from the original on 16 April 2015
6443:
5971:from the original on 18 April 2015
5959:Moutout, Corinne (18 March 1991).
5813:
5570:from the original on 16 April 2015
5556:Parks, Michael (11 October 1986).
5300:from the original on 10 April 2015
5200:South Africa in Contemporary Times
5175:from the original on 12 April 2015
5112:from the original on 12 April 2015
5003:Craw, Victoria (31 October 2014).
4738:
4684:Bezuidenhout, Nick (5 June 1998).
4601:
4570:
4539:
3525:(ICASA) shut down the first local
3009:African Christian Democratic Party
2392:
2157:
1880:
1412:Cultural institutions include the
25:
12920:
12131:
11860:"Orania as Settler Self-Transfer"
11427:from the original on 4 March 2016
11286:
11143:@OraniaBeweging (31 March 2014).
11068:from the original on 4 April 2015
10635:Boshoff, Carel (2 January 2013).
10547:from the original on 9 April 2015
10416:Damons, André (2 February 2017).
9775:from the original on 1 April 2015
9763:Leckert, Oriana (18 March 2015).
9628:Haynes, Gavin (19 January 2010).
9474:Smith, Chris (24 February 2002).
9413:Van Wyk, Joylene (31 July 2004).
9292:from the original on 16 July 2017
9264:"Orania launches own cheque book"
9244:from the original on 5 March 2016
9157:from the original on 2 April 2015
9114:
8425:from the original on 4 March 2016
8281:"Kulturele Vakansiedae in Orania"
7936:from the original on 2 April 2015
7477:de Wet, Phillip (5 August 2016).
7455:from the original on 6 April 2018
7313:from the original on 5 March 2016
6795:Haynes, Gavin (19 January 2010).
6776:from the original on 31 July 2017
6737:; Rich, Sebastian (1 July 2008).
6478:Kenny, Andrew (29 October 2015).
6450:Fihlani, Pumza (6 October 2014).
6236:Biehl, Sebastiaan (23 May 2014).
5940:from the original on 2 April 2015
5932:Boshoff, Carel (7 October 2014).
5494:from the original on 2 April 2015
5167:Leboucher, Quentin (8 May 2013).
4977:Haynes, Gavin (19 January 2010).
4853:Morapela, Katleho (4 July 2022).
4748:Flanagan, Jane (23 August 2023).
4711:"'Whites-only' money for SA town"
4696:from the original on 3 July 2011.
4686:"VF se strewe legitiem, sê Moosa"
4580:Page, Thomas (20 December 2016).
4403:Fihlani, Pumza (6 October 2014).
4246:Weinberg, Tara (2 January 2015).
2357:
2152:
2135:(Orania Public Bicycle Project).
2026:, which is not sanctioned by the
2022:Orania has its own currency, the
1804:Orania Koördinerende Onderwysraad
1779:allowing for the adoption of the
1466:, which was the flag under which
1442:). Jan van Wijk, who created the
12274:
12257:
12249:
12232:
12086:Journal for Contemporary History
11486:
11466:
11439:
11413:
11386:
11355:
11299:
11280:
11253:
11227:
11171:
11136:
11110:
11080:
11032:
11018:
11007:
10981:
10955:
10903:
10851:
10792:
10778:
10752:
10721:
10707:
10606:
10580:
10533:
10495:
10466:
10440:
10409:
10377:Kemp, Charné (21 October 2014).
10370:
10344:
10289:
10251:
10226:
10176:
9982:
9937:
9923:
9860:
9839:
9828:
9813:
9787:
9730:
9710:
9679:
9648:
9599:
9566:
9534:Boshoff, Wynand (8 March 2013).
9494:
9467:
9437:
9372:
9304:
9274:
9256:
9169:
9068:
8969:
8883:
8857:
8829:
8815:
8790:
8760:
8736:Grey, Julia (14 February 2000).
8729:
8713:Puren, Susan (20 October 2002).
8706:
8626:"Photographic image (1280×1223)"
8618:
8586:du Plessis, Jaco (24 May 2014).
8526:
8500:
8470:
8158:Malan, Marlene (22 April 2013).
8151:
8121:
8116:Naudé-Moseley & Moseley 2008
8075:
8051:Coetzee, Frans (29 April 2005).
8044:
7985:
7963:
7859:
7822:
7791:
7765:
7740:
7712:
7684:
7626:
7605:
7580:
7554:
7528:
7501:
7439:
7413:
7382:
7351:
7325:
7295:
7235:
7099:
7073:
6659:Nikitin, Vadim (15 April 2011).
6395:from the original on 1 June 2015
5148:from the original on 27 May 2015
5039:"10 years on, Orania fades away"
4958:Hermann, Dirk (24 August 2023).
4133:Majavu, Mandisi (12 June 2022).
3986:
3499:
3476:
3467:
3458:
3449:
2853:
2852:
2830:
2829:
2807:
2806:
2784:
2783:
2707:
2706:
2666:
2665:
2643:
2642:
2550:and king Seleka Barolong of the
2536:system of the apartheid period.
2474:(in 2010), and former President
2116:In 2013, the Sonskip / Aardskip
1296:In 2018, Afrikaans trade union,
972:
903:, which guarantees the right of
220:
213:
190:
183:
160:
153:
126:
106:
92:
77:
63:
12909:White supremacy in South Africa
12869:Ethnic enclaves in South Africa
12063:Kotze, Nico J. (January 2003).
12015:Tydskrif vir Geesteswetenskappe
11362:Stadler, Hanlie (3 July 2017).
11260:Kotze, Nico (31 January 2003).
11039:Hendriks, Ulrich (9 May 2019).
10865:from the original on 9 May 2014
10806:from the original on 2 May 2014
9655:Kloppers, Elma (13 June 2006).
9538:(in Afrikaans). Vry Afrikaner.
8024:Strydom, Lida (15 April 2014).
7810:from the original on 8 May 2019
7391:"Coloureds Claim the Volkstaat"
7283:from the original on 8 May 2016
7167:"Orania: The Israel of Africa?"
6979:
6873:
6816:
6788:
6757:
6685:
6596:
6565:
6490:
6471:
6351:
6325:
6294:
6205:Nkanjeni, Unathi (8 May 2023).
6198:
6169:
6141:
6115:
6079:
6053:
6019:
5708:
5680:
5641:
5627:
5506:
5427:
5402:
5377:
5337:
5312:
5221:
5063:
4996:
4970:
4919:
4900:
4874:
4846:
4817:Barber, Gregory (6 June 2019).
4810:
4782:
4642:
2181:general meeting of shareholders
2080:
1866:
1418:Orania Kultuurhistoriese museum
1395:
693:concept and trying to recreate
11969:10.1080/23323256.2006.11499936
11876:10.1080/2201473X.2011.10648821
11639:Atlas of Changing South Africa
11324:10.1080/23323256.2006.11499936
10643:(in Afrikaans). Archived from
10543:. News 24. 14 September 2010.
10352:"Veiligheid - Orania Beweging"
10160:(in Afrikaans). Archived from
9820:Njanji, Susan (28 July 2022).
9794:Nair, Nivashni (27 May 2022).
9663:(in Afrikaans). Archived from
9421:(in Afrikaans). Archived from
9356:. South Africa. Archived from
9282:"Orania wants its own Bitcoin"
9092:. IOL News. 11 February 2015.
9052:(in Afrikaans). Archived from
9016:Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
9010:Scheen, Thomas (1 June 2013).
8561:"The journey to hell and back"
8090:(in Afrikaans). Archived from
8059:(in Afrikaans). Archived from
8026:"Orania vier Afrikanerkultuur"
7876:(in Afrikaans). Archived from
7773:"Photographic image (540×963)"
7421:"Orania Pleased at Land Claim"
7366:(in Afrikaans). Archived from
7027:(in Afrikaans). Archived from
6996:(in Afrikaans). Archived from
6764:Louw, Leon (21 October 2015).
6692:Fairbanks, Eve (Spring 2013).
6270:Boshoff, Carel (1 July 2016).
5666:10.1080/19962126.2014.11865118
5484:"A people clutching at straws"
4926:Jolly, Vincent (8 July 2023).
4789:Nair, Nivashni (27 May 2022).
4495:Davis, Rebecca (15 May 2013).
4427:
4365:
3411:
2077:to develop the local economy.
2038:
221:
191:
161:
13:
1:
12275:
12233:
12105:Steÿn, J.J. (November 2004).
11570:
11064:. IOL News. 9 November 2005.
10935:Head, Tom (5 November 2021).
10687:Kromhout, Bas (10 May 2013).
9737:Kemp, Charné (24 June 2013).
9607:"Property for Sale in Orania"
9381:"Zuma likely to visit Orania"
9188:Louw, Poppy (29 April 2014).
7508:Kemp, Charné (29 June 2016).
6063:. IOL News. 1 December 2000.
5755:Schonteich & Boshoff 2003
5622:Schonteich & Boshoff 2003
5541:Schonteich & Boshoff 2003
4534:Schonteich & Boshoff 2003
4346:10.17159/2309-9585/2017/v43a7
4217:10.17159/2309-9585/2017/v43a7
4184:10.1080/1369801X.2020.1813614
3834:Average rainfall mm (inches)
2755:The Organic Humanity Movement
2261:Subdivisions and architecture
2240:Orania Representative Council
2223:Orania Representative Council
1714:Evangelies-Gereformeerde Kerk
1308:Internal and external threats
942:Establishment and recognition
899:. This led to article 235 of
893:National Party (South Africa)
830:In 1988, Boshoff founded the
819:, an organisation founded by
802:ethnic groups in South Africa
356:Orania Representative Council
12258:
12250:
12056:10.1080/16823206.2010.487367
11956:Anthropology Southern Africa
11798:. Rowman & Littlefield.
11613:10.1080/03057070.2013.795811
11446:Martin, Eric (4 July 2011).
11312:Anthropology Southern Africa
11041:"EFF members vote in Orania"
10503:"Malema surprised by Orania"
9688:"Showed up by the 'racists'"
8135:. Sapa - DPA. 18 June 2010.
7981:– via www.youtube.com.
7720:"Transformation in SA Sport"
7691:Head, Tom (19 August 2020).
7207:"Place to hide for the Volk"
6303:"Van dorp tot Afrikanerstad"
5769:"A Volkstaat for Afrikaners"
5648:De Villiers, Bertus (2014).
4303:10.1007/978-3-030-28191-5_17
4264:10.1080/03057070.2015.991591
4105:"Population growth for 2021"
3931:In September 2012, a German
3567:
2557:
2526:Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging
2423:South African Police Service
2127:In 2014 Orania introduced a
1786:
1710:Afrikaanse Protestantse Kerk
1590:The Dutch VOC administrator
1330:Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging
901:Constitution of South Africa
876:model pursued by Avstig and
745:
378:1,180 m (3,870 ft)
7:
12069:Acta Academica Supplementum
11774:. Oxford University Press.
11118:"Radio Orania on-air again"
10677:. Retrieved 25 October 2015
10541:"Jacob Zuma visited Orania"
10381:(in Afrikaans). Netwerk24.
8768:"Orania Tersiêre opleiding"
8537:(in Afrikaans). Netwerk24.
8028:(in Afrikaans). Netwerk24.
7360:"'Mafia' regeer glo Orania"
7335:. News24. 5 December 2000.
7333:"Orania retains status quo"
6001:Provinciale Zeeuwse Courant
5896:. 8 April 1991. p. 9.
5372:Delvecki & Greiner 2014
4960:"Van dorp na Afrikanerstad"
3979:
3764:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
3694:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
2796:Democratic Liberal Congress
2719:United Independent Movement
2229:Orania Verteenwoordige Raad
2133:Orania Openbare Fietsprojek
1695:
1444:Afrikaans Language Monument
1159:Vadim Nikitin, writing for
1000:Provinciale Zeeuwse Courant
864:, reaching the west coast.
760:Department of Water Affairs
697:-era South Africa within a
592:through the creation of an
588:language and the Afrikaner
10:
12925:
12793:Afrikaner Eenheidsbeweging
12111:Town and Regional Planning
11901:Vestergaard, Mads (2000).
11858:Veracini, Lorenzo (2011).
11636:Christopher, A.J. (2002).
11293:Town and Regional Planning
9846:Head, Tom (26 July 2022).
8715:"Orania - a place to live"
8216:Ley, Marga (2 June 2015).
8185:Six, Billy (4 June 2010).
7993:"Orania hou Volkstaatskou"
6953:Sly, Liz (16 March 1992).
4881:Head, Tom (26 July 2022).
4323:– via Springer Link.
3903:
3638:
3445:South African Reserve Bank
3319:United Democratic Movement
2220:
2028:South African Reserve Bank
2005:South African Reserve Bank
1959:
1954:
1815:Christelike Volks-Onderwys
1400:
1222:University of Johannesburg
1179:and Sebastian Rich of the
945:
811:Bantustans in South Africa
785:
711:
549:, it is located along the
143:Anthem: The Hymn of Orania
113:Pivot Irrigation in Orania
26:
12775:
12740:
12678:National Assembly members
12675:
12664:
12594:
12556:
12528:
12500:
12462:
12434:
12406:
12392:
12361:
12349:
12205:
12200:Places adjacent to Orania
11578:Cavanagh, Edward (2013).
10590:. IOL News. 4 July 2007.
10570:"Orania community lauded"
10296:Head, Tom (4 July 2022).
8187:"Im Schutz der Wagenburg"
7279:. News24. 12 March 2001.
5785:10.10520/AJA0259188X_1602
5100:"Rainbow nation at risk?"
4328:Thumbran, Janeke (2017).
4199:Thumbran, Janeke (2017).
3833:
3763:
3693:
3688:
3685:
3682:
3679:
3676:
3673:
3670:
3667:
3664:
3661:
3658:
3655:
3652:
3649:
3617:blinkblaar-wag-’n-bietjie
3195:Economic Freedom Fighters
3040:African National Congress
2888:
2884:
2879:
2863:
2840:
2817:
2794:
2771:
2753:
2735:
2717:
2694:
2676:
2653:
2630:
2614:
2581:Economic Freedom Fighters
2410:patrols. In October 2014
2003:. It registered with the
1898:—
1706:Apostoliese Geloofsending
1686:, defining battle of the
1364:Economic Freedom Fighters
1300:, and civil rights group
1182:Virginia Quarterly Review
1050:party, visited the town.
1030:African National Congress
978:Mandela's visit to Orania
971:
966:
889:African National Congress
832:Afrikaner-Vryheidstigting
717:Early history of the area
490:
480:
468:
455:
438:
427:
419:
408:
403:
395:
387:
382:
374:
366:
361:
351:
346:
334:
326:
314:
302:
290:
278:
243:
174:Show map of Northern Cape
147:
142:
122:
57:
48:
41:
11864:Settler Colonial Studies
11703:, Uniwersytet Warszawski
11213:The New Age (Free State)
10991:. News24. Archived from
10965:. News24. Archived from
10941:Municipal Elections 2021
10887:. IOL News. 8 May 2014.
10379:"'Klakantoor' in Orania"
9237:(4): 12. February 2013.
8590:(in Afrikaans). LitNet.
8421:(in Afrikaans). OraNet.
8160:"Olé, olé, olé, Orania!"
6419:"Apartheid's last stand"
6003:(in Dutch). p. 25.
5825:"Orania, white and blue"
4052:
3516:
2588:2021 municipal elections
2512:of the Netherlands, the
2425:station in neighbouring
2249:Northern Cape High Court
2122:sustainable architecture
2102:Recycling bins in Orania
2047:Pecan harvest in Orania.
1643:Language and Literature
1472:Dutch East India Company
988:Warrenton, Northern Cape
782:Origins of modern Orania
614:South African government
515:Afrikaans pronunciation:
204:Show map of South Africa
12150:, the town's newsletter
11841:Seldon, Sylvia (2014).
11678:Dicey, William (2007).
11450:. Nouvelles de France.
10989:"2014 National Results"
10963:"2004 National Results"
10859:"2014 National Results"
10800:"2004 National Results"
10673:8 December 2015 at the
10189:The Mail & Guardian
9886:"Eiendomsreg in Orania"
7929:The Mail & Guardian
6388:The Mail & Guardian
6155:The Mail & Guardian
5905:University of Cape Town
5787:(inactive 30 July 2024)
5439:The Karoo, South Africa
5414:The Karoo, South Africa
5389:The Karoo, South Africa
5349:The Karoo, South Africa
5324:The Karoo, South Africa
3941:Raindance Film Festival
2510:Partij voor de Vrijheid
2455:visiting Orania in 2009
2451:Representatives of the
2245:Cabinet of South Africa
2217:Democratic institutions
2171:in other countries. No
2094:Environmental practices
1663:, 3rd President of the
1440:Boer foreign volunteers
399:270/km (690/sq mi)
70:Aerial view of the town
29:Orania (disambiguation)
12833:Whites in South Africa
12400:
11984:de Beer, F.C. (2007).
11768:Norman, Kajsa (2017).
11584:. Palgrave Macmillan.
10829:"Orania votes for FF+"
9632:. VICE. Archived from
8802:Bokarooopleiding.co.za
7176:. No. July 1991.
5773:Indicator South Africa
5767:Jooste, Chris (1998).
3939:premiered at London's
3577:
3071:Congress of the People
2518:Südtiroler Volkspartei
2456:
2402:
2378:
2348:same-sex relationships
2338:
2270:
2129:bicycle sharing system
2103:
2048:
1969:
1858:Bo-Karoo Opleiding, a
1810:pass rate since 1991.
1799:
1771:) of Hopetown and the
1665:South African Republic
1526:
1354:In 2016, prior to the
1338:Northern Cape Division
1321:
1318:Northern Cape Division
1260:, did not support the
1245:
1208:Free Market Foundation
1102:
961:
883:On 23 April 1994, the
880:
812:
755:
635:, constructed its own
12864:Afrikaner nationalism
12854:Orania, Northern Cape
12398:
11944:Cavanagh, E. (2011).
11927:Blomerus, L. (2009).
11026:"NPE Results Locator"
9311:admin (9 June 2021).
4078:"Main Place "Orania""
4022:Intentional community
4002:Afrikaner nationalism
3575:
3544:Die ruiter in die nag
3133:Independent Democrats
2516:party in Belgium and
2461:Northern Cape Premier
2453:CRL Rights Commission
2450:
2400:
2376:
2336:
2306:Territorial extension
2277:("small happiness"),
2268:
2101:
2046:
1967:
1794:
1750:first-day Sabbatarian
1702:Dutch Reformed Church
1684:Battle of Blood River
1619:Treaty of Vereeniging
1569:Battle of Majuba Hill
1520:
1315:
1243:
1227:Rebecca Davis of the
1097:
955:
907:for cultural groups.
870:
810:
753:
706:crime in South Africa
654:visited in 1995, and
544:white-only separatist
524:Afrikaner nationalist
18:Orania, Northern Cape
11306:de Beer, FC (2006).
10620:. 11 December 2012.
9933:. 23 September 2022.
8837:"Orania Sensus 2019"
8798:"Bo-Karoo Opleiding"
8738:"A Vierkleur future"
7245:(25 November 2000).
7031:on 30 September 2011
6539:(28 February 1994).
6500:(26 February 1994).
6028:Right-Wing Directory
5195:Mwakikagile, Godfrey
4660:Agence France-Presse
2530:Eugene Terre'Blanche
2281:("big village") and
2069:rather focussing on
1738:Charismatic Movement
1487:dances and games of
1356:2016 local elections
1266:Afrikaner Volksfront
1054:Evolution of concept
674:Ideology and purpose
404:Racial makeup (2011)
396: • Density
99:Koeksister Sculpture
27:For other uses, see
12899:Utopian communities
12155:Ripping the rainbow
12148:Issues of Voorgrond
12044:Education as Change
11094:. 4 December 2007.
11092:Mail & Guardian
10637:"Maak soos vriende"
10618:Mail & Guardian
10208:Mail & Guardian
10003:, pp. 107–110.
9949:Die Orania Beweging
9576:. 30 December 2020.
9151:Mail & Guardian
9078:. 20 December 2016.
8742:Mail & Guardian
8725:on 4 November 2002.
8632:on 21 February 2021
8254:The Daily Telegraph
7483:Mail & Guardian
7427:on 17 February 2011
7395:Mail & Guardian
7307:Mail & Guardian
7251:The Daily Telegraph
6739:"In Whitest Africa"
6194:. 28 December 2010.
5830:Mail & Guardian
5482:(29 January 2000).
5435:"History of Orania"
5410:"History of Orania"
5385:"History of Orania"
5374:, pp. 164–173.
5345:"History of Orania"
5320:"History of Orania"
5290:"Die Orania Tydlyn"
3994:South Africa portal
3646:
3434:in other countries.
2978:Democratic Alliance
2611:
2598:almost 11% and the
2408:neighbourhood watch
2329:Application process
2108:Solar water heaters
1997:Chamber of Commerce
1873:
1860:vocational training
1796:First day of school
1732:; all are Reformed
1548:English Translation
1376:MEC for education,
1326:politically extreme
1236:Afrikaner reception
1143:Mail & Guardian
956:President Mandela,
629:energy independence
610:Afrikaner Calvinism
519:[ʊəˈrɑːnia]
259: /
12798:Conservative Party
12657:Freedom Front Plus
12401:
11671:10.1111/foge.12042
11659:Focus on Geography
11498:channel4.com/press
10576:on 6 January 2014.
10265:. 31 December 2020
9726:. 11 October 2022.
9012:"In der Wagenburg"
8825:. 29 January 2023.
7779:on 19 January 2021
7727:Solidariteit.co.za
7540:Independent Online
6928:The New York Times
6613:The New York Times
6606:(16 August 1992).
6507:The New York Times
6480:"Welkom in Orania"
6282:on 7 February 2018
6096:The New York Times
5597:Vryheidsfront Plus
5141:The New York Times
4662:. 4 September 2022
4151:10.1111/soc4.13004
3912:Works about Orania
3644:
3578:
3164:New National Party
2947:Freedom Front Plus
2605:
2577:Freedom Front Plus
2481:In June 2007, the
2457:
2443:External relations
2403:
2379:
2339:
2271:
2185:board of directors
2104:
2049:
1970:
1871:
1800:
1718:Gereformeerde Kerk
1527:
1525:Monument in Orania
1322:
1270:Transvaal Province
1258:Conservative Party
1246:
1213:Gavin Haynes from
1191:anti-globalization
1103:
1090:External reception
1073:rejected the word
1048:Patriotic Alliance
962:
905:self-determination
881:
817:Afrikaner Volkswag
813:
756:
631:primarily through
388: • Total
367: • Total
234:Show map of Africa
12841:
12840:
12771:
12770:
12767:
12766:
12622:
12621:
12304:
12303:
12299:
12298:
11829:on 6 January 2014
11790:Pogrund, Benjamin
11749:978-1-919938-58-5
11728:978-0-14-311297-6
11689:978-0-7957-0189-4
11649:978-1-134-61674-9
11591:978-1-137-30577-0
11401:on 6 January 2014
11215:. 11 January 2016
11151:). Archived from
11124:on 9 October 2008
10835:. 23 April 2009.
10764:The South African
10647:on 6 January 2014
10509:on 6 January 2014
10491:. 9 October 2019.
10331:southafrica.co.za
10302:The South African
9979:, pp. 86–87.
9853:The South African
9617:on 28 August 2021
9596:, pp. 95–96.
9217:, pp. 10–11.
8942:. 17 October 2021
8940:The South African
8871:. 17 October 2021
8869:The South African
8297:on 6 January 2014
7752:Politicsweb.co.za
7698:The South African
7087:. 25 October 2019
7085:The South African
6960:The Seattle Times
6912:, pp. 45–58.
6830:. 1 February 2017
6546:Los Angeles Times
6484:politicsweb.co.za
6367:. 29 August 2023.
6089:(23 March 1999).
5861:, pp. 69–75.
5563:Los Angeles Times
5210:978-0-9802587-3-8
5047:. 22 April 2004.
4887:The South African
4719:. 29 April 2004.
4655:The South African
4312:978-3-030-28191-5
4139:Sociology Compass
3908:
3907:
3426:, similar to the
3424:South African law
3400:
3399:
2896:
2895:
2412:Orania Veiligheid
2075:micro-enterprises
1935:
1934:
1872:Population census
1781:Belhar Confession
1693:
1692:
1513:Cultural holidays
1509:and coffee shop.
1126:Los Angeles Times
983:
982:
596:state known as a
573:. Its climate is
508:
507:
352: • Type
263:29.817°S 24.400°E
16:(Redirected from
12916:
12904:White separatism
12808:Federal Alliance
12803:Constand Viljoen
12744:
12679:
12673:
12672:
12669:Parliamentarians
12666:
12665:
12658:
12649:
12642:
12635:
12626:
12625:
12331:
12324:
12317:
12308:
12307:
12278:
12277:
12261:
12260:
12253:
12252:
12236:
12235:
12208:
12194:
12187:
12180:
12171:
12170:
12156:
12143:
12142:
12140:Official website
12126:
12124:
12122:
12101:
12080:
12078:
12076:
12059:
12038:
12017:(in Afrikaans).
12009:
12007:
12005:
12000:on 11 April 2015
11980:
11963:(3–4): 105–114.
11949:
11940:
11914:
11897:
11887:
11854:
11837:
11836:
11834:
11828:
11821:
11809:
11785:
11764:
11758:(games) such as
11732:
11711:
11710:
11708:
11693:
11674:
11653:
11632:
11595:
11564:
11563:
11552:
11543:
11542:
11540:
11538:
11515:
11509:
11508:
11506:
11504:
11490:
11484:
11483:
11470:
11464:
11463:
11461:
11459:
11443:
11437:
11436:
11434:
11432:
11423:. Africultures.
11417:
11411:
11410:
11408:
11406:
11390:
11384:
11383:
11381:
11379:
11370:(in Afrikaans).
11359:
11353:
11347:
11336:
11335:
11318:(3–4): 105–114.
11303:
11297:
11296:
11284:
11278:
11277:
11257:
11251:
11245:
11239:
11238:
11231:
11225:
11224:
11222:
11220:
11205:
11199:
11198:
11196:
11194:
11175:
11169:
11168:
11162:
11160:
11140:
11134:
11133:
11131:
11129:
11114:
11108:
11107:
11105:
11103:
11084:
11078:
11077:
11075:
11073:
11058:
11049:
11048:
11036:
11030:
11029:
11022:
11016:
11011:
11005:
11004:
11002:
11000:
10985:
10979:
10978:
10976:
10974:
10959:
10953:
10952:
10950:
10948:
10932:
10926:
10925:
10923:
10921:
10907:
10901:
10900:
10898:
10896:
10881:
10875:
10874:
10872:
10870:
10855:
10849:
10848:
10846:
10844:
10825:
10816:
10815:
10813:
10811:
10796:
10790:
10789:
10782:
10776:
10775:
10773:
10771:
10756:
10750:
10749:
10747:
10745:
10740:on 17 April 2010
10736:. Archived from
10725:
10719:
10718:
10711:
10705:
10704:
10702:
10700:
10684:
10678:
10663:
10657:
10656:
10654:
10652:
10632:
10626:
10625:
10610:
10604:
10603:
10601:
10599:
10584:
10578:
10577:
10566:
10557:
10556:
10554:
10552:
10537:
10531:
10525:
10519:
10518:
10516:
10514:
10499:
10493:
10492:
10470:
10464:
10463:
10461:
10459:
10444:
10438:
10437:
10435:
10433:
10413:
10407:
10401:
10395:
10394:
10392:
10390:
10374:
10368:
10367:
10365:
10363:
10348:
10342:
10341:
10339:
10337:
10323:
10314:
10313:
10311:
10309:
10293:
10287:
10281:
10275:
10274:
10272:
10270:
10255:
10249:
10248:
10246:
10244:
10230:
10224:
10223:
10221:
10219:
10199:
10193:
10192:
10180:
10174:
10173:
10171:
10169:
10149:
10143:
10142:
10140:
10138:
10115:
10109:
10103:
10097:
10096:
10094:
10092:
10083:(in Afrikaans).
10072:
10059:
10058:
10056:
10054:
10035:
10016:
10010:
10004:
10001:Vestergaard 2000
9998:
9989:
9986:
9980:
9974:
9965:
9964:
9962:
9960:
9941:
9935:
9934:
9927:
9921:
9915:
9906:
9905:
9903:
9901:
9881:
9872:
9871:
9864:
9858:
9857:
9843:
9837:
9832:
9826:
9825:
9817:
9811:
9810:
9808:
9806:
9791:
9785:
9784:
9782:
9780:
9760:
9751:
9750:
9749:on 30 June 2013.
9745:. Archived from
9734:
9728:
9727:
9714:
9708:
9707:
9705:
9703:
9683:
9677:
9676:
9674:
9672:
9667:on 11 April 2015
9652:
9646:
9645:
9643:
9641:
9636:on 10 April 2015
9625:
9619:
9618:
9613:, archived from
9603:
9597:
9591:
9578:
9577:
9570:
9564:
9558:
9552:
9551:
9549:
9547:
9531:
9522:
9521:
9519:
9517:
9512:on 11 April 2015
9498:
9492:
9491:
9489:
9487:
9471:
9465:
9464:
9462:
9460:
9441:
9435:
9434:
9432:
9430:
9425:on 12 April 2015
9410:
9401:
9400:
9398:
9396:
9376:
9370:
9369:
9367:
9365:
9360:on 11 April 2015
9345:
9336:
9330:
9324:
9323:
9321:
9319:
9308:
9302:
9301:
9299:
9297:
9278:
9272:
9271:
9270:on 8 March 2007.
9260:
9254:
9253:
9251:
9249:
9243:
9232:
9224:
9218:
9212:
9206:
9205:
9203:
9201:
9185:
9176:
9173:
9167:
9166:
9164:
9162:
9142:
9133:
9132:
9130:
9128:
9123:on 16 April 2015
9119:. Archived from
9112:
9106:
9105:
9103:
9101:
9086:
9080:
9079:
9072:
9066:
9065:
9063:
9061:
9041:
9032:
9031:
9029:
9027:
9007:
8998:
8997:
8995:
8993:
8984:(in Afrikaans).
8973:
8967:
8961:
8952:
8951:
8949:
8947:
8932:
8923:
8922:
8912:
8906:
8905:
8903:
8901:
8887:
8881:
8880:
8878:
8876:
8861:
8855:
8854:
8852:
8850:
8841:
8833:
8827:
8826:
8819:
8813:
8812:
8810:
8808:
8794:
8788:
8787:
8785:
8783:
8764:
8758:
8757:
8755:
8753:
8733:
8727:
8726:
8721:. Archived from
8710:
8704:
8698:
8692:
8686:
8680:
8674:
8668:
8667:
8665:
8663:
8658:on 11 April 2015
8648:
8642:
8641:
8639:
8637:
8628:. Archived from
8622:
8616:
8610:
8604:
8603:
8601:
8599:
8583:
8577:
8576:
8574:
8572:
8557:
8551:
8550:
8548:
8546:
8530:
8524:
8523:
8521:
8519:
8510:(in Afrikaans).
8508:"NG Kerk Orania"
8504:
8498:
8497:
8495:
8493:
8488:on 12 April 2015
8474:
8468:
8467:
8465:
8463:
8458:on 13 April 2015
8444:
8435:
8434:
8432:
8430:
8415:
8406:
8405:
8403:
8401:
8379:
8373:
8372:
8370:
8368:
8348:
8342:
8341:
8339:
8337:
8331:
8324:
8316:
8307:
8306:
8304:
8302:
8296:
8285:
8277:
8271:
8270:
8268:
8266:
8244:
8238:
8237:
8235:
8233:
8213:
8207:
8206:
8204:
8202:
8182:
8176:
8175:
8173:
8171:
8166:on 12 April 2015
8155:
8149:
8148:
8146:
8144:
8125:
8119:
8113:
8104:
8103:
8101:
8099:
8079:
8073:
8072:
8070:
8068:
8063:on 14 April 2015
8048:
8042:
8041:
8039:
8037:
8021:
8015:
8014:
8012:
8010:
8005:on 14 April 2015
7989:
7983:
7982:
7980:
7978:
7967:
7961:
7955:
7946:
7945:
7943:
7941:
7919:
7902:
7896:
7890:
7889:
7887:
7885:
7880:on 11 April 2015
7863:
7857:
7851:
7845:
7844:
7842:
7840:
7826:
7820:
7819:
7817:
7815:
7795:
7789:
7788:
7786:
7784:
7775:. Archived from
7769:
7763:
7762:
7760:
7758:
7744:
7738:
7737:
7735:
7733:
7724:
7716:
7710:
7709:
7707:
7705:
7688:
7682:
7681:
7679:
7677:
7662:
7653:
7652:
7630:
7624:
7623:
7621:
7619:
7609:
7603:
7602:
7600:
7598:
7584:
7578:
7577:
7575:
7573:
7558:
7552:
7551:
7549:
7547:
7532:
7526:
7525:
7523:
7521:
7505:
7499:
7498:
7496:
7494:
7474:
7465:
7464:
7462:
7460:
7443:
7437:
7436:
7434:
7432:
7417:
7411:
7410:
7408:
7406:
7386:
7380:
7379:
7377:
7375:
7370:on 10 April 2015
7355:
7349:
7348:
7346:
7344:
7329:
7323:
7322:
7320:
7318:
7299:
7293:
7292:
7290:
7288:
7273:
7267:
7266:
7264:
7262:
7239:
7233:
7232:
7230:
7228:
7222:
7211:
7202:
7193:
7192:
7190:
7188:
7182:
7174:Work In Progress
7171:
7165:Cuffaro, Maria.
7162:
7156:
7155:
7153:
7151:
7135:
7120:
7119:
7103:
7097:
7096:
7094:
7092:
7077:
7071:
7070:
7068:
7066:
7061:on 10 April 2015
7050:
7041:
7040:
7038:
7036:
7016:
7010:
7009:
7007:
7005:
6983:
6977:
6976:
6974:
6972:
6950:
6944:
6943:
6941:
6939:
6919:
6913:
6907:
6901:
6900:
6898:
6896:
6887:. Archived from
6877:
6871:
6870:
6868:
6866:
6849:
6840:
6839:
6837:
6835:
6820:
6814:
6813:
6811:
6809:
6792:
6786:
6785:
6783:
6781:
6770:Acts Online News
6761:
6755:
6754:
6752:
6750:
6731:
6720:
6719:
6717:
6715:
6689:
6683:
6682:
6680:
6678:
6656:
6650:
6644:
6638:
6637:
6635:
6633:
6600:
6594:
6593:
6591:
6589:
6569:
6563:
6562:
6560:
6558:
6533:
6527:
6526:
6524:
6522:
6494:
6488:
6487:
6475:
6469:
6468:
6466:
6464:
6447:
6441:
6440:
6438:
6436:
6431:on 11 April 2015
6427:. Archived from
6414:
6405:
6404:
6402:
6400:
6378:
6369:
6368:
6355:
6349:
6348:
6346:
6344:
6329:
6323:
6322:
6320:
6318:
6309:(in Afrikaans).
6298:
6292:
6291:
6289:
6287:
6278:. Archived from
6267:
6258:
6257:
6255:
6253:
6233:
6224:
6223:
6221:
6219:
6202:
6196:
6195:
6173:
6167:
6166:
6164:
6162:
6145:
6139:
6138:
6136:
6134:
6129:on 20 April 1999
6119:
6113:
6112:
6110:
6108:
6083:
6077:
6076:
6074:
6072:
6057:
6051:
6050:
6048:
6046:
6040:
6033:
6023:
6017:
6016:
6014:
6012:
5992:
5981:
5980:
5978:
5976:
5956:
5950:
5949:
5947:
5945:
5929:
5912:
5908:
5902:
5891:
5883:
5874:
5868:
5862:
5856:
5847:
5846:
5844:
5842:
5820:
5811:
5810:
5804:
5796:
5794:
5792:
5764:
5758:
5752:
5746:
5743:Christopher 2002
5740:
5734:
5733:
5731:
5729:
5721:The Toronto Star
5712:
5706:
5705:
5703:
5701:
5684:
5678:
5677:
5645:
5639:
5638:
5631:
5625:
5619:
5613:
5612:
5610:
5608:
5599:. Archived from
5589:
5580:
5579:
5577:
5575:
5553:
5544:
5538:
5532:
5531:
5529:
5527:
5518:
5510:
5504:
5503:
5501:
5499:
5476:
5465:
5459:
5450:
5449:
5447:
5445:
5431:
5425:
5424:
5422:
5420:
5406:
5400:
5399:
5397:
5395:
5381:
5375:
5369:
5360:
5359:
5357:
5355:
5341:
5335:
5334:
5332:
5330:
5316:
5310:
5309:
5307:
5305:
5286:
5269:
5265:
5263:
5254:
5239:
5238:
5237:. 10 April 2019.
5225:
5219:
5218:
5191:
5185:
5184:
5182:
5180:
5164:
5158:
5157:
5155:
5153:
5128:
5122:
5121:
5119:
5117:
5095:
5089:
5088:
5086:
5084:
5067:
5061:
5060:
5058:
5056:
5035:
5022:
5021:
5019:
5017:
5000:
4994:
4993:
4991:
4989:
4974:
4968:
4967:
4955:
4946:
4945:
4943:
4941:
4923:
4917:
4916:
4904:
4898:
4897:
4895:
4893:
4878:
4872:
4871:
4869:
4867:
4850:
4844:
4843:
4841:
4839:
4814:
4808:
4807:
4805:
4803:
4786:
4780:
4779:
4777:
4775:
4766:. Archived from
4745:
4736:
4735:
4730:
4728:
4707:
4698:
4697:
4692:(in Afrikaans).
4681:
4672:
4671:
4669:
4667:
4646:
4640:
4639:
4637:
4635:
4610:
4599:
4598:
4596:
4594:
4577:
4568:
4567:
4565:
4563:
4546:
4537:
4531:
4514:
4513:
4511:
4509:
4492:
4486:
4485:
4483:
4481:
4476:on 28 April 2010
4472:. Archived from
4461:
4450:
4449:
4447:
4445:
4431:
4425:
4424:
4422:
4420:
4400:
4387:
4386:
4369:
4363:
4360:
4324:
4287:
4240:
4231:
4228:
4195:
4162:
4127:
4121:
4119:
4117:
4115:
4103:Strydom, Joost.
4100:
4094:
4093:
4091:
4089:
4074:
4037:Carel Boshoff IV
3996:
3991:
3990:
3989:
3962:On 17 May 2023,
3933:documentary film
3647:
3643:
3510:
3503:
3497:
3494:
3483:
3480:
3474:
3471:
3465:
3462:
3456:
3453:
3447:
3441:
3435:
3415:
3288:African Covenant
2898:
2897:
2856:
2855:
2833:
2832:
2810:
2809:
2787:
2786:
2710:
2709:
2669:
2668:
2646:
2645:
2612:
2604:
2419:municipal police
2001:cooperative bank
1887:
1882:
1874:
1870:
1592:Jan van Riebeeck
1539:
1538:
1468:Jan van Riebeeck
1456:Hendrik Verwoerd
1452:Brixton, Gauteng
1424:flag carried by
1187:ethnonationalism
1154:Benjamin Pogrund
1071:Carel Boshoff IV
1043:, leader of the
1024:On 5 June 1998,
976:
975:
964:
963:
825:Hendrik Verwoerd
699:White ethnostate
680:selfwerksaamheid
521:
516:
504:
501:
499:
497:
274:
273:
271:
270:
269:
264:
260:
257:
256:
255:
252:
235:
224:
223:
217:
205:
194:
193:
187:
175:
164:
163:
157:
130:
110:
96:
81:
67:
39:
38:
21:
12924:
12923:
12919:
12918:
12917:
12915:
12914:
12913:
12844:
12843:
12842:
12837:
12763:
12742:
12736:
12677:
12660:
12656:
12653:
12623:
12618:
12590:
12552:
12524:
12496:
12458:
12430:
12402:
12390:
12357:
12351:District seat:
12345:
12335:
12305:
12300:
12262:
12201:
12198:
12154:
12138:
12137:
12134:
12129:
12120:
12118:
12074:
12072:
12003:
12001:
11922:
11920:Further reading
11917:
11832:
11830:
11826:
11819:
11806:
11782:
11750:
11729:
11706:
11704:
11690:
11682:. Kwela Books.
11650:
11592:
11573:
11568:
11567:
11554:
11553:
11546:
11536:
11534:
11516:
11512:
11502:
11500:
11492:
11491:
11487:
11482:. 25 June 2018.
11472:
11471:
11467:
11457:
11455:
11444:
11440:
11430:
11428:
11419:
11418:
11414:
11404:
11402:
11391:
11387:
11377:
11375:
11360:
11356:
11348:
11339:
11304:
11300:
11285:
11281:
11258:
11254:
11246:
11242:
11233:
11232:
11228:
11218:
11216:
11207:
11206:
11202:
11192:
11190:
11177:
11176:
11172:
11158:
11156:
11155:on 5 March 2016
11141:
11137:
11127:
11125:
11116:
11115:
11111:
11101:
11099:
11086:
11085:
11081:
11071:
11069:
11060:
11059:
11052:
11037:
11033:
11024:
11023:
11019:
11012:
11008:
10998:
10996:
10987:
10986:
10982:
10972:
10970:
10961:
10960:
10956:
10946:
10944:
10933:
10929:
10919:
10917:
10909:
10908:
10904:
10894:
10892:
10883:
10882:
10878:
10868:
10866:
10857:
10856:
10852:
10842:
10840:
10827:
10826:
10819:
10809:
10807:
10798:
10797:
10793:
10788:. 27 July 2022.
10784:
10783:
10779:
10769:
10767:
10766:. 9 August 2018
10758:
10757:
10753:
10743:
10741:
10726:
10722:
10713:
10712:
10708:
10698:
10696:
10685:
10681:
10675:Wayback Machine
10664:
10660:
10650:
10648:
10633:
10629:
10612:
10611:
10607:
10597:
10595:
10586:
10585:
10581:
10568:
10567:
10560:
10550:
10548:
10539:
10538:
10534:
10526:
10522:
10512:
10510:
10501:
10500:
10496:
10481:
10478:Wayback Machine
10471:
10467:
10457:
10455:
10447:PIJOOS, IAVAN.
10445:
10441:
10431:
10429:
10414:
10410:
10402:
10398:
10388:
10386:
10375:
10371:
10361:
10359:
10350:
10349:
10345:
10335:
10333:
10325:
10324:
10317:
10307:
10305:
10294:
10290:
10282:
10278:
10268:
10266:
10257:
10256:
10252:
10242:
10240:
10232:
10231:
10227:
10217:
10215:
10200:
10196:
10181:
10177:
10167:
10165:
10164:on 9 April 2015
10150:
10146:
10136:
10134:
10116:
10112:
10104:
10100:
10090:
10088:
10073:
10062:
10052:
10050:
10037:
10036:
10019:
10015:, pp. 4–5.
10011:
10007:
9999:
9992:
9987:
9983:
9975:
9968:
9958:
9956:
9943:
9942:
9938:
9929:
9928:
9924:
9916:
9909:
9899:
9897:
9882:
9875:
9866:
9865:
9861:
9844:
9840:
9833:
9829:
9818:
9814:
9804:
9802:
9792:
9788:
9778:
9776:
9761:
9754:
9735:
9731:
9718:"Orania Toer 1"
9716:
9715:
9711:
9701:
9699:
9684:
9680:
9670:
9668:
9653:
9649:
9639:
9637:
9626:
9622:
9605:
9604:
9600:
9592:
9581:
9572:
9571:
9567:
9559:
9555:
9545:
9543:
9532:
9525:
9515:
9513:
9500:
9499:
9495:
9485:
9483:
9482:on 2 April 2015
9472:
9468:
9458:
9456:
9455:on 2 April 2015
9443:
9442:
9438:
9428:
9426:
9411:
9404:
9394:
9392:
9377:
9373:
9363:
9361:
9346:
9339:
9331:
9327:
9317:
9315:
9309:
9305:
9295:
9293:
9280:
9279:
9275:
9262:
9261:
9257:
9247:
9245:
9241:
9230:
9226:
9225:
9221:
9213:
9209:
9199:
9197:
9186:
9179:
9174:
9170:
9160:
9158:
9143:
9136:
9126:
9124:
9115:Mears, Ronald.
9113:
9109:
9099:
9097:
9088:
9087:
9083:
9074:
9073:
9069:
9059:
9057:
9042:
9035:
9025:
9023:
9008:
9001:
8991:
8989:
8974:
8970:
8962:
8955:
8945:
8943:
8934:
8933:
8926:
8914:
8913:
8909:
8899:
8897:
8895:macrotrends.net
8889:
8888:
8884:
8874:
8872:
8863:
8862:
8858:
8848:
8846:
8839:
8835:
8834:
8830:
8821:
8820:
8816:
8806:
8804:
8796:
8795:
8791:
8781:
8779:
8766:
8765:
8761:
8751:
8749:
8734:
8730:
8711:
8707:
8699:
8695:
8687:
8683:
8675:
8671:
8661:
8659:
8650:
8649:
8645:
8635:
8633:
8624:
8623:
8619:
8611:
8607:
8597:
8595:
8584:
8580:
8570:
8568:
8559:
8558:
8554:
8544:
8542:
8531:
8527:
8517:
8515:
8506:
8505:
8501:
8491:
8489:
8476:
8475:
8471:
8461:
8459:
8446:
8445:
8438:
8428:
8426:
8417:
8416:
8409:
8399:
8397:
8389:The Independent
8380:
8376:
8366:
8364:
8349:
8345:
8335:
8333:
8332:on 14 June 2015
8329:
8322:
8318:
8317:
8310:
8300:
8298:
8294:
8283:
8279:
8278:
8274:
8264:
8262:
8245:
8241:
8231:
8229:
8214:
8210:
8200:
8198:
8183:
8179:
8169:
8167:
8156:
8152:
8142:
8140:
8127:
8126:
8122:
8114:
8107:
8097:
8095:
8080:
8076:
8066:
8064:
8049:
8045:
8035:
8033:
8022:
8018:
8008:
8006:
7991:
7990:
7986:
7976:
7974:
7973:. 11 April 2023
7969:
7968:
7964:
7956:
7949:
7939:
7937:
7920:
7905:
7897:
7893:
7883:
7881:
7864:
7860:
7852:
7848:
7838:
7836:
7828:
7827:
7823:
7813:
7811:
7796:
7792:
7782:
7780:
7771:
7770:
7766:
7756:
7754:
7746:
7745:
7741:
7731:
7729:
7722:
7718:
7717:
7713:
7703:
7701:
7689:
7685:
7675:
7673:
7664:
7663:
7656:
7651:. 21 June 2020.
7641:
7638:Wayback Machine
7631:
7627:
7617:
7615:
7611:
7610:
7606:
7596:
7594:
7586:
7585:
7581:
7571:
7569:
7559:
7555:
7545:
7543:
7534:
7533:
7529:
7519:
7517:
7506:
7502:
7492:
7490:
7475:
7468:
7458:
7456:
7445:
7444:
7440:
7430:
7428:
7419:
7418:
7414:
7404:
7402:
7387:
7383:
7373:
7371:
7356:
7352:
7342:
7340:
7331:
7330:
7326:
7316:
7314:
7309:. 4 July 2007.
7301:
7300:
7296:
7286:
7284:
7275:
7274:
7270:
7260:
7258:
7240:
7236:
7226:
7224:
7220:
7209:
7203:
7196:
7186:
7184:
7180:
7169:
7163:
7159:
7149:
7147:
7142:. News.com.au.
7136:
7123:
7104:
7100:
7090:
7088:
7079:
7078:
7074:
7064:
7062:
7051:
7044:
7034:
7032:
7017:
7013:
7003:
7001:
7000:on 28 July 2011
6984:
6980:
6970:
6968:
6951:
6947:
6937:
6935:
6920:
6916:
6908:
6904:
6894:
6892:
6891:on 4 April 2015
6879:
6878:
6874:
6864:
6862:
6850:
6843:
6833:
6831:
6822:
6821:
6817:
6807:
6805:
6793:
6789:
6779:
6777:
6762:
6758:
6748:
6746:
6735:Kirchick, James
6732:
6723:
6713:
6711:
6690:
6686:
6676:
6674:
6657:
6653:
6645:
6641:
6631:
6629:
6601:
6597:
6587:
6585:
6578:Chicago Tribune
6570:
6566:
6556:
6554:
6534:
6530:
6520:
6518:
6495:
6491:
6476:
6472:
6462:
6460:
6448:
6444:
6434:
6432:
6424:The Independent
6415:
6408:
6398:
6396:
6379:
6372:
6357:
6356:
6352:
6342:
6340:
6337:Orania Beweging
6331:
6330:
6326:
6316:
6314:
6299:
6295:
6285:
6283:
6268:
6261:
6251:
6249:
6234:
6227:
6217:
6215:
6203:
6199:
6184:
6181:Wayback Machine
6174:
6170:
6160:
6158:
6146:
6142:
6132:
6130:
6121:
6120:
6116:
6106:
6104:
6084:
6080:
6070:
6068:
6059:
6058:
6054:
6044:
6042:
6038:
6031:
6025:
6024:
6020:
6010:
6008:
5993:
5984:
5974:
5972:
5957:
5953:
5943:
5941:
5936:. Politicsweb.
5930:
5915:
5900:
5889:
5885:
5884:
5877:
5869:
5865:
5857:
5850:
5840:
5838:
5821:
5814:
5798:
5797:
5790:
5788:
5765:
5761:
5753:
5749:
5741:
5737:
5727:
5725:
5714:
5713:
5709:
5699:
5697:
5685:
5681:
5646:
5642:
5633:
5632:
5628:
5620:
5616:
5606:
5604:
5603:on 21 July 2009
5591:
5590:
5583:
5573:
5571:
5554:
5547:
5539:
5535:
5525:
5523:
5516:
5512:
5511:
5507:
5497:
5495:
5477:
5468:
5460:
5453:
5443:
5441:
5433:
5432:
5428:
5418:
5416:
5408:
5407:
5403:
5393:
5391:
5383:
5382:
5378:
5370:
5363:
5353:
5351:
5343:
5342:
5338:
5328:
5326:
5318:
5317:
5313:
5303:
5301:
5288:
5287:
5272:
5261:
5255:
5242:
5227:
5226:
5222:
5211:
5192:
5188:
5178:
5176:
5165:
5161:
5151:
5149:
5129:
5125:
5115:
5113:
5096:
5092:
5082:
5080:
5068:
5064:
5054:
5052:
5037:
5036:
5025:
5015:
5013:
5001:
4997:
4987:
4985:
4975:
4971:
4966:(in Afrikaans).
4956:
4949:
4939:
4937:
4924:
4920:
4905:
4901:
4891:
4889:
4879:
4875:
4865:
4863:
4851:
4847:
4837:
4835:
4815:
4811:
4801:
4799:
4787:
4783:
4773:
4771:
4770:on 15 June 2022
4746:
4739:
4726:
4724:
4709:
4708:
4701:
4682:
4675:
4665:
4663:
4648:
4647:
4643:
4633:
4631:
4611:
4602:
4592:
4590:
4578:
4571:
4561:
4559:
4548:
4547:
4540:
4532:
4517:
4507:
4505:
4493:
4489:
4479:
4477:
4462:
4453:
4443:
4441:
4439:za.toponavi.com
4433:
4432:
4428:
4418:
4416:
4401:
4390:
4370:
4366:
4313:
4241:
4234:
4128:
4124:
4113:
4111:
4101:
4097:
4087:
4085:
4080:. Census 2011.
4076:
4075:
4060:
4055:
4012:Gated community
3992:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3957:Lauren Southern
3914:
3909:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3641:
3621:shepherd's tree
3570:
3527:community radio
3519:
3514:
3513:
3504:
3500:
3495:
3486:
3481:
3477:
3472:
3468:
3463:
3459:
3454:
3450:
3442:
3438:
3416:
3412:
3102:National Action
2560:
2497:Orania and the
2445:
2395:
2393:Law enforcement
2383:physiotherapist
2360:
2331:
2308:
2263:
2225:
2219:
2189:village council
2160:
2158:Private company
2155:
2096:
2083:
2058:pumping station
2041:
2009:monetary system
1962:
1957:
1869:
1789:
1698:
1639:Celebrates the
1623:Second Boer War
1607:Bittereinderdag
1515:
1499:Griqualand West
1407:Orania Beweging
1403:
1398:
1344:the community.
1310:
1238:
1149:The Independent
1132:Chicago Tribune
1092:
1056:
1041:Gayton McKenzie
1016:Betsie Verwoerd
973:
967:External videos
958:Betsie Verwoerd
950:
944:
790:
784:
764:Vanderkloof Dam
748:
719:
714:
676:
514:
494:
476:
464:
421:First languages
268:-29.817; 24.400
267:
265:
261:
258:
253:
250:
248:
246:
245:
239:
238:
237:
236:
233:
232:
231:
230:
229:
225:
208:
207:
206:
203:
202:
201:
200:
199:
195:
178:
177:
176:
173:
172:
171:
170:
169:
165:
138:
137:
136:
135:
118:
117:
116:
115:
114:
111:
102:
101:
100:
97:
89:
88:
82:
73:
72:
71:
68:
53:
44:
37:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
12922:
12912:
12911:
12906:
12901:
12896:
12891:
12886:
12881:
12876:
12871:
12866:
12861:
12856:
12839:
12838:
12836:
12835:
12830:
12825:
12820:
12815:
12810:
12805:
12800:
12795:
12790:
12785:
12779:
12777:
12773:
12772:
12769:
12768:
12765:
12764:
12762:
12761:
12755:
12748:
12746:
12738:
12737:
12735:
12734:
12729:
12724:
12719:
12714:
12709:
12704:
12699:
12694:
12689:
12683:
12681:
12670:
12662:
12661:
12652:
12651:
12644:
12637:
12629:
12620:
12619:
12617:
12616:
12611:
12606:
12600:
12598:
12592:
12591:
12589:
12588:
12583:
12578:
12573:
12568:
12562:
12560:
12554:
12553:
12551:
12550:
12545:
12540:
12534:
12532:
12526:
12525:
12523:
12522:
12517:
12512:
12506:
12504:
12498:
12497:
12495:
12494:
12489:
12484:
12479:
12474:
12468:
12466:
12460:
12459:
12457:
12456:
12451:
12446:
12440:
12438:
12432:
12431:
12429:
12428:
12423:
12418:
12412:
12410:
12404:
12403:
12393:
12391:
12389:
12388:
12383:
12378:
12373:
12367:
12365:
12359:
12358:
12350:
12347:
12346:
12334:
12333:
12326:
12319:
12311:
12302:
12301:
12297:
12296:
12291:
12286:
12282:
12281:
12279:
12272:
12269:
12268:
12263:
12248:
12246:
12240:
12239:
12237:
12230:
12227:
12226:
12221:
12216:
12206:
12203:
12202:
12197:
12196:
12189:
12182:
12174:
12168:
12167:
12151:
12145:
12144:(in Afrikaans)
12133:
12132:External links
12130:
12128:
12127:
12102:
12098:10520/EJC28454
12081:
12060:
12039:
12027:10520/EJC20011
12021:(4): 443–455.
12010:
11981:
11950:
11941:
11923:
11921:
11918:
11916:
11915:
11898:
11870:(2): 190–196.
11855:
11838:
11810:
11804:
11786:
11780:
11765:
11748:
11733:
11727:
11712:
11694:
11688:
11675:
11665:(4): 164–173.
11654:
11648:
11633:
11607:(2): 391–407.
11596:
11590:
11574:
11572:
11569:
11566:
11565:
11544:
11510:
11485:
11465:
11438:
11412:
11393:Bowman, Dean.
11385:
11354:
11337:
11298:
11279:
11268:(1): 159–172.
11252:
11240:
11226:
11200:
11179:"Voorbladfoto"
11170:
11135:
11109:
11079:
11050:
11031:
11017:
11006:
10980:
10954:
10927:
10902:
10876:
10850:
10817:
10791:
10777:
10751:
10720:
10706:
10679:
10658:
10627:
10605:
10579:
10558:
10532:
10520:
10494:
10465:
10439:
10408:
10406:, p. 242.
10396:
10369:
10343:
10315:
10288:
10286:, p. 231.
10276:
10250:
10225:
10194:
10175:
10144:
10110:
10098:
10077:"Orania Groei"
10060:
10017:
10005:
9990:
9981:
9966:
9936:
9922:
9907:
9873:
9859:
9838:
9827:
9812:
9786:
9752:
9729:
9709:
9678:
9647:
9620:
9598:
9579:
9565:
9553:
9523:
9493:
9466:
9436:
9402:
9371:
9337:
9325:
9303:
9273:
9255:
9235:The Connection
9219:
9207:
9192:. Times LIVE.
9177:
9168:
9134:
9107:
9081:
9067:
9033:
8999:
8968:
8953:
8924:
8907:
8882:
8856:
8828:
8814:
8789:
8759:
8728:
8705:
8703:, p. 153.
8693:
8691:, p. 154.
8681:
8679:, p. 155.
8669:
8643:
8617:
8615:, p. 156.
8605:
8578:
8552:
8525:
8499:
8469:
8436:
8407:
8374:
8343:
8308:
8272:
8239:
8208:
8191:Junge Freiheit
8177:
8150:
8120:
8105:
8074:
8043:
8016:
7984:
7962:
7947:
7903:
7891:
7858:
7846:
7821:
7790:
7764:
7739:
7711:
7683:
7672:. 24 June 2020
7654:
7625:
7604:
7579:
7553:
7542:. South Africa
7527:
7516:(in Afrikaans)
7500:
7466:
7438:
7412:
7381:
7350:
7324:
7294:
7268:
7234:
7194:
7157:
7121:
7114:) – via
7098:
7072:
7042:
7021:"Ook net mens"
7011:
6978:
6945:
6914:
6902:
6872:
6859:Daily Maverick
6841:
6815:
6787:
6756:
6741:. VQR Online.
6721:
6684:
6651:
6649:, p. 131.
6639:
6595:
6564:
6528:
6489:
6470:
6442:
6406:
6370:
6350:
6339:(in Afrikaans)
6324:
6293:
6259:
6225:
6197:
6168:
6140:
6114:
6087:Daley, Suzanne
6078:
6052:
6018:
5982:
5951:
5913:
5875:
5873:, p. 404.
5871:Cavanagh 2013b
5863:
5848:
5812:
5759:
5747:
5745:, p. 101.
5735:
5707:
5679:
5660:(3): 458–483.
5640:
5626:
5614:
5581:
5545:
5533:
5505:
5480:McGreal, Chris
5466:
5464:, p. 396.
5462:Cavanagh 2013b
5451:
5426:
5401:
5376:
5361:
5336:
5311:
5270:
5240:
5220:
5209:
5186:
5159:
5134:(4 May 1999).
5132:Daley, Suzanne
5123:
5090:
5062:
5023:
4995:
4969:
4947:
4918:
4899:
4873:
4845:
4809:
4781:
4737:
4699:
4673:
4641:
4600:
4569:
4538:
4515:
4502:Daily Maverick
4487:
4451:
4426:
4388:
4364:
4362:
4361:
4325:
4311:
4288:
4258:(1): 211–214.
4232:
4230:
4229:
4196:
4178:(1): 144–169.
4163:
4122:
4095:
4057:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4050:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3998:
3997:
3981:
3978:
3913:
3910:
3906:
3905:
3901:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3831:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3761:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3691:
3690:
3687:
3684:
3681:
3678:
3675:
3672:
3669:
3666:
3663:
3660:
3657:
3654:
3651:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3569:
3566:
3531:Radio Club 100
3518:
3515:
3512:
3511:
3498:
3484:
3475:
3466:
3457:
3448:
3436:
3409:
3408:
3407:
3406:
3404:
3398:
3397:
3394:
3391:
3388:
3385:
3382:
3379:
3376:
3373:
3369:
3368:
3365:
3362:
3359:
3356:
3353:
3350:
3346:
3345:
3342:
3339:
3336:
3333:
3330:
3327:
3324:
3321:
3315:
3314:
3311:
3308:
3305:
3302:
3299:
3296:
3293:
3290:
3284:
3283:
3280:
3277:
3274:
3271:
3268:
3265:
3262:
3259:
3253:
3252:
3249:
3246:
3243:
3240:
3237:
3234:
3231:
3228:
3226:Front National
3222:
3221:
3218:
3215:
3212:
3209:
3206:
3203:
3200:
3197:
3191:
3190:
3187:
3184:
3181:
3178:
3175:
3172:
3169:
3166:
3160:
3159:
3156:
3153:
3150:
3147:
3144:
3141:
3138:
3135:
3129:
3128:
3125:
3122:
3119:
3116:
3113:
3110:
3107:
3104:
3098:
3097:
3094:
3091:
3088:
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3082:
3079:
3076:
3073:
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3063:
3060:
3057:
3054:
3051:
3048:
3045:
3042:
3036:
3035:
3032:
3029:
3026:
3023:
3020:
3017:
3014:
3011:
3005:
3004:
3001:
2998:
2995:
2992:
2989:
2986:
2983:
2980:
2974:
2973:
2970:
2967:
2964:
2961:
2958:
2955:
2952:
2949:
2943:
2942:
2939:
2932:
2929:
2922:
2919:
2912:
2909:
2902:
2894:
2893:
2886:
2885:
2883:
2881:
2877:
2876:
2873:
2870:
2867:
2862:
2859:
2858:
2850:
2847:
2844:
2839:
2836:
2835:
2827:
2824:
2821:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2804:
2801:
2798:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2781:
2778:
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2770:
2767:
2766:
2763:
2760:
2757:
2752:
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2739:
2734:
2731:
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2657:
2652:
2649:
2648:
2640:
2637:
2634:
2629:
2626:
2625:
2622:
2619:
2616:
2559:
2556:
2444:
2441:
2437:statutory rape
2394:
2391:
2359:
2358:Social welfare
2356:
2330:
2327:
2307:
2304:
2262:
2259:
2218:
2215:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2153:Administration
2151:
2095:
2092:
2082:
2079:
2040:
2037:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1933:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1922:
1921:
1918:
1915:
1911:
1910:
1907:
1904:
1900:
1899:
1896:
1893:
1889:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1868:
1865:
1831:Canons of Dort
1788:
1785:
1746:Day of the Vow
1722:Hervormde Kerk
1697:
1694:
1691:
1690:
1680:
1679:Day of the Vow
1677:
1672:
1668:
1667:
1657:
1654:
1649:
1645:
1644:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1627:
1626:
1615:
1609:
1604:
1600:
1599:
1588:
1585:
1580:
1576:
1575:
1573:First Boer War
1565:
1562:
1557:
1553:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1545:Afrikaans Name
1543:
1514:
1511:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1378:Panyaza Lesufi
1369:In June 2020,
1362:branch of the
1348:compensation.
1309:
1306:
1293:of the Karoo.
1237:
1234:
1229:Daily Maverick
1200:F. W. de Klerk
1195:rainbow nation
1177:James Kirchick
1120:New York Times
1091:
1088:
1055:
1052:
1012:Nelson Mandela
992:F. W. de Klerk
981:
980:
969:
968:
943:
940:
912:Boer republics
786:Main article:
783:
780:
747:
744:
727:late Stone Age
718:
715:
713:
710:
691:Rainbow Nation
675:
672:
652:Nelson Mandela
641:cryptocurrency
557:region of the
506:
505:
492:
488:
487:
484:
478:
477:
474:
472:
466:
465:
462:
460:
453:
452:
442:
436:
435:
432:
425:
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417:
416:
413:
406:
405:
401:
400:
397:
393:
392:
389:
385:
384:
380:
379:
376:
372:
371:
368:
364:
363:
359:
358:
353:
349:
348:
344:
343:
338:
332:
331:
328:
324:
323:
318:
312:
311:
309:Pixley ka Seme
306:
300:
299:
294:
288:
287:
282:
276:
275:
241:
240:
227:
226:
219:
218:
212:
211:
210:
209:
197:
196:
189:
188:
182:
181:
180:
179:
167:
166:
159:
158:
152:
151:
150:
149:
148:
145:
144:
140:
139:
131:
125:
124:
123:
120:
119:
112:
105:
104:
103:
98:
91:
90:
83:
76:
75:
74:
69:
62:
61:
60:
59:
58:
55:
54:
49:
46:
45:
42:
35:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
12921:
12910:
12907:
12905:
12902:
12900:
12897:
12895:
12892:
12890:
12887:
12885:
12882:
12880:
12877:
12875:
12872:
12870:
12867:
12865:
12862:
12860:
12857:
12855:
12852:
12851:
12849:
12834:
12831:
12829:
12826:
12824:
12823:Pieter Mulder
12821:
12819:
12816:
12814:
12811:
12809:
12806:
12804:
12801:
12799:
12796:
12794:
12791:
12789:
12786:
12784:
12781:
12780:
12778:
12774:
12759:
12756:
12753:
12750:
12749:
12747:
12745:
12739:
12733:
12730:
12728:
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12723:
12720:
12718:
12715:
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12710:
12708:
12705:
12703:
12700:
12698:
12695:
12693:
12690:
12688:
12685:
12684:
12682:
12680:
12674:
12671:
12667:
12663:
12659:
12650:
12645:
12643:
12638:
12636:
12631:
12630:
12627:
12615:
12612:
12610:
12607:
12605:
12602:
12601:
12599:
12597:
12593:
12587:
12586:Victoria West
12584:
12582:
12579:
12577:
12574:
12572:
12569:
12567:
12564:
12563:
12561:
12559:
12555:
12549:
12546:
12544:
12541:
12539:
12536:
12535:
12533:
12531:
12527:
12521:
12518:
12516:
12513:
12511:
12508:
12507:
12505:
12503:
12499:
12493:
12492:Schmidtsdrift
12490:
12488:
12485:
12483:
12480:
12478:
12475:
12473:
12470:
12469:
12467:
12465:
12461:
12455:
12452:
12450:
12447:
12445:
12442:
12441:
12439:
12437:
12433:
12427:
12424:
12422:
12419:
12417:
12414:
12413:
12411:
12409:
12405:
12397:
12387:
12384:
12382:
12379:
12377:
12374:
12372:
12369:
12368:
12366:
12364:
12360:
12356:
12355:
12348:
12344:
12343:Northern Cape
12340:
12332:
12327:
12325:
12320:
12318:
12313:
12312:
12309:
12295:
12292:
12290:
12287:
12284:
12283:
12280:
12273:
12271:
12270:
12267:
12264:
12256:
12247:
12245:
12242:
12241:
12238:
12231:
12229:
12228:
12225:
12224:Koffiefontein
12222:
12220:
12217:
12215:
12214:
12210:
12209:
12204:
12195:
12190:
12188:
12183:
12181:
12176:
12175:
12172:
12165:
12161:
12157:
12152:
12149:
12146:
12141:
12136:
12135:
12116:
12112:
12108:
12103:
12099:
12095:
12091:
12087:
12082:
12070:
12066:
12061:
12057:
12053:
12049:
12045:
12040:
12036:
12032:
12028:
12024:
12020:
12016:
12011:
11999:
11995:
11991:
11987:
11982:
11978:
11974:
11970:
11966:
11962:
11958:
11957:
11951:
11947:
11942:
11938:
11934:
11930:
11925:
11924:
11912:
11908:
11904:
11899:
11895:
11891:
11886:
11885:1959.3/355259
11881:
11877:
11873:
11869:
11865:
11861:
11856:
11852:
11848:
11844:
11839:
11825:
11818:
11817:
11811:
11807:
11805:9781442226845
11801:
11797:
11796:
11791:
11787:
11783:
11781:9781849048552
11777:
11773:
11772:
11766:
11763:
11761:
11757:
11751:
11745:
11741:
11740:
11734:
11730:
11724:
11720:
11719:
11713:
11702:
11701:
11695:
11691:
11685:
11681:
11676:
11672:
11668:
11664:
11660:
11655:
11651:
11645:
11642:. Routledge.
11641:
11640:
11634:
11630:
11626:
11622:
11618:
11614:
11610:
11606:
11602:
11597:
11593:
11587:
11583:
11582:
11576:
11575:
11561:
11557:
11551:
11549:
11533:
11529:
11525:
11521:
11514:
11499:
11495:
11489:
11481:
11480:
11475:
11469:
11453:
11449:
11442:
11426:
11422:
11416:
11400:
11396:
11389:
11373:
11369:
11365:
11358:
11352:, p. 45.
11351:
11346:
11344:
11342:
11333:
11329:
11325:
11321:
11317:
11313:
11309:
11302:
11294:
11290:
11283:
11275:
11271:
11267:
11263:
11256:
11250:, p. 16.
11249:
11244:
11236:
11230:
11214:
11210:
11204:
11188:
11184:
11180:
11174:
11166:
11154:
11150:
11146:
11139:
11123:
11119:
11113:
11097:
11093:
11089:
11083:
11067:
11063:
11057:
11055:
11046:
11042:
11035:
11027:
11021:
11015:
11010:
10995:on 9 May 2014
10994:
10990:
10984:
10969:on 2 May 2014
10968:
10964:
10958:
10942:
10938:
10931:
10916:
10912:
10906:
10890:
10886:
10880:
10864:
10860:
10854:
10838:
10834:
10830:
10824:
10822:
10805:
10801:
10795:
10787:
10781:
10765:
10761:
10755:
10739:
10735:
10731:
10724:
10716:
10710:
10694:
10690:
10683:
10676:
10672:
10669:
10668:
10662:
10646:
10642:
10638:
10631:
10623:
10619:
10615:
10609:
10593:
10589:
10583:
10575:
10571:
10565:
10563:
10546:
10542:
10536:
10530:, p. 54.
10529:
10524:
10508:
10504:
10498:
10490:
10489:
10484:
10479:
10475:
10469:
10454:
10450:
10443:
10427:
10423:
10419:
10412:
10405:
10400:
10384:
10380:
10373:
10357:
10353:
10347:
10332:
10328:
10322:
10320:
10304:
10303:
10299:
10292:
10285:
10280:
10264:
10260:
10254:
10239:
10238:Medpages.info
10235:
10229:
10213:
10209:
10205:
10198:
10190:
10186:
10179:
10163:
10159:
10155:
10148:
10133:
10129:
10125:
10121:
10114:
10108:, p. 85.
10107:
10102:
10086:
10082:
10078:
10071:
10069:
10067:
10065:
10048:
10044:
10040:
10034:
10032:
10030:
10028:
10026:
10024:
10022:
10014:
10013:Haleniuk 2013
10009:
10002:
9997:
9995:
9985:
9978:
9977:Cavanagh 2013
9973:
9971:
9954:
9950:
9946:
9940:
9932:
9926:
9920:, p. 36.
9919:
9914:
9912:
9895:
9891:
9887:
9880:
9878:
9869:
9863:
9855:
9854:
9849:
9842:
9836:
9831:
9823:
9816:
9801:
9797:
9790:
9774:
9770:
9769:Atlas Obscura
9766:
9759:
9757:
9748:
9744:
9740:
9733:
9725:
9724:
9719:
9713:
9697:
9693:
9689:
9682:
9666:
9662:
9658:
9651:
9635:
9631:
9624:
9616:
9612:
9608:
9602:
9595:
9590:
9588:
9586:
9584:
9575:
9569:
9563:, p. 37.
9562:
9557:
9541:
9537:
9530:
9528:
9511:
9507:
9503:
9497:
9481:
9477:
9470:
9454:
9450:
9446:
9440:
9424:
9420:
9416:
9409:
9407:
9390:
9386:
9382:
9375:
9359:
9355:
9351:
9344:
9342:
9335:, p. 14.
9334:
9329:
9314:
9307:
9291:
9287:
9283:
9277:
9269:
9265:
9259:
9240:
9236:
9229:
9223:
9216:
9215:Haleniuk 2013
9211:
9195:
9191:
9184:
9182:
9172:
9156:
9152:
9148:
9141:
9139:
9122:
9118:
9111:
9095:
9091:
9085:
9077:
9071:
9056:on 9 May 2016
9055:
9051:
9047:
9040:
9038:
9021:
9018:(in German).
9017:
9013:
9006:
9004:
8987:
8983:
8979:
8972:
8966:, p. 10.
8965:
8964:Haleniuk 2013
8960:
8958:
8941:
8937:
8931:
8929:
8921:
8917:
8911:
8896:
8892:
8886:
8870:
8866:
8860:
8845:
8838:
8832:
8824:
8818:
8803:
8799:
8793:
8777:
8773:
8769:
8763:
8747:
8743:
8739:
8732:
8724:
8720:
8719:Carte Blanche
8716:
8709:
8702:
8697:
8690:
8685:
8678:
8673:
8657:
8653:
8647:
8631:
8627:
8621:
8614:
8609:
8593:
8589:
8582:
8566:
8562:
8556:
8540:
8536:
8529:
8513:
8509:
8503:
8487:
8483:
8479:
8473:
8457:
8453:
8449:
8443:
8441:
8424:
8420:
8414:
8412:
8395:
8391:
8390:
8385:
8378:
8362:
8358:
8354:
8347:
8328:
8321:
8315:
8313:
8293:
8289:
8282:
8276:
8260:
8256:
8255:
8250:
8243:
8227:
8223:
8219:
8212:
8196:
8193:(in German).
8192:
8188:
8181:
8165:
8161:
8154:
8138:
8134:
8130:
8124:
8118:, p. 67.
8117:
8112:
8110:
8094:on 8 May 2016
8093:
8089:
8085:
8078:
8062:
8058:
8054:
8047:
8031:
8027:
8020:
8004:
8000:
7999:
7994:
7988:
7972:
7966:
7959:
7958:Haleniuk 2013
7954:
7952:
7935:
7931:
7930:
7925:
7918:
7916:
7914:
7912:
7910:
7908:
7900:
7899:Haleniuk 2013
7895:
7879:
7875:
7874:
7869:
7862:
7855:
7854:Haleniuk 2013
7850:
7835:
7831:
7825:
7809:
7805:
7801:
7794:
7778:
7774:
7768:
7753:
7749:
7743:
7728:
7721:
7715:
7700:
7699:
7694:
7687:
7671:
7667:
7661:
7659:
7650:
7649:
7644:
7639:
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7629:
7614:
7608:
7593:
7589:
7583:
7568:
7564:
7557:
7541:
7537:
7531:
7515:
7511:
7504:
7488:
7484:
7480:
7473:
7471:
7454:
7450:
7449:
7442:
7426:
7422:
7416:
7400:
7396:
7392:
7385:
7369:
7365:
7361:
7354:
7338:
7334:
7328:
7312:
7308:
7304:
7298:
7282:
7278:
7272:
7256:
7252:
7248:
7244:
7238:
7219:
7215:
7214:Weekend Argus
7208:
7201:
7199:
7179:
7175:
7168:
7161:
7145:
7141:
7134:
7132:
7130:
7128:
7126:
7117:
7113:
7109:
7102:
7086:
7082:
7076:
7060:
7056:
7049:
7047:
7030:
7026:
7022:
7015:
6999:
6995:
6994:
6989:
6982:
6966:
6962:
6961:
6956:
6949:
6933:
6929:
6925:
6918:
6911:
6906:
6890:
6886:
6882:
6876:
6861:
6860:
6855:
6848:
6846:
6829:
6828:Forbes Africa
6825:
6819:
6804:
6803:
6798:
6791:
6775:
6771:
6767:
6760:
6744:
6740:
6736:
6730:
6728:
6726:
6709:
6705:
6701:
6700:
6695:
6688:
6672:
6668:
6667:
6662:
6655:
6648:
6643:
6627:
6623:
6619:
6615:
6614:
6609:
6605:
6599:
6583:
6579:
6575:
6568:
6552:
6548:
6547:
6542:
6538:
6532:
6517:
6513:
6509:
6508:
6503:
6499:
6493:
6485:
6481:
6474:
6459:
6458:
6453:
6446:
6430:
6426:
6425:
6420:
6413:
6411:
6394:
6390:
6389:
6384:
6377:
6375:
6366:
6365:
6360:
6354:
6338:
6334:
6328:
6312:
6308:
6304:
6297:
6281:
6277:
6273:
6266:
6264:
6247:
6243:
6239:
6232:
6230:
6214:
6213:
6208:
6201:
6193:
6192:
6187:
6182:
6178:
6172:
6157:
6156:
6151:
6144:
6128:
6124:
6118:
6102:
6098:
6097:
6092:
6088:
6082:
6066:
6062:
6056:
6037:
6030:
6029:
6022:
6006:
6002:
5998:
5991:
5989:
5987:
5970:
5966:
5963:(in French).
5962:
5955:
5939:
5935:
5928:
5926:
5924:
5922:
5920:
5918:
5911:
5906:
5899:
5895:
5888:
5882:
5880:
5872:
5867:
5860:
5859:Cavanagh 2013
5855:
5853:
5836:
5832:
5831:
5826:
5819:
5817:
5808:
5802:
5786:
5782:
5778:
5774:
5770:
5763:
5757:, p. 45.
5756:
5751:
5744:
5739:
5723:
5722:
5717:
5711:
5696:
5695:
5690:
5683:
5675:
5671:
5667:
5663:
5659:
5655:
5651:
5644:
5636:
5630:
5624:, p. 42.
5623:
5618:
5602:
5598:
5594:
5588:
5586:
5569:
5565:
5564:
5559:
5552:
5550:
5543:, p. 39.
5542:
5537:
5522:
5515:
5509:
5493:
5489:
5485:
5481:
5475:
5473:
5471:
5463:
5458:
5456:
5440:
5436:
5430:
5415:
5411:
5405:
5390:
5386:
5380:
5373:
5368:
5366:
5350:
5346:
5340:
5325:
5321:
5315:
5299:
5295:
5291:
5285:
5283:
5281:
5279:
5277:
5275:
5268:
5260:
5257:Opperman, M.
5253:
5251:
5249:
5247:
5245:
5236:
5235:
5230:
5224:
5216:
5212:
5206:
5202:
5201:
5196:
5190:
5174:
5170:
5163:
5147:
5143:
5142:
5137:
5133:
5127:
5111:
5107:
5106:
5101:
5094:
5079:
5078:
5073:
5066:
5050:
5046:
5045:
5040:
5034:
5032:
5030:
5028:
5012:
5011:
5006:
4999:
4984:
4980:
4973:
4965:
4961:
4954:
4952:
4935:
4934:
4929:
4922:
4914:
4910:
4903:
4888:
4884:
4877:
4862:
4861:
4856:
4849:
4834:
4830:
4826:
4825:
4820:
4813:
4798:
4797:
4792:
4785:
4769:
4765:
4761:
4757:
4756:
4751:
4744:
4742:
4734:
4722:
4718:
4717:
4712:
4706:
4704:
4695:
4691:
4687:
4680:
4678:
4661:
4657:
4656:
4651:
4645:
4630:
4626:
4622:
4621:
4616:
4609:
4607:
4605:
4589:
4588:
4583:
4576:
4574:
4558:. August 2022
4557:
4556:
4551:
4545:
4543:
4536:, p. 44.
4535:
4530:
4528:
4526:
4524:
4522:
4520:
4504:
4503:
4498:
4491:
4475:
4471:
4467:
4460:
4458:
4456:
4440:
4436:
4430:
4414:
4410:
4406:
4399:
4397:
4395:
4393:
4385:
4381:
4380:
4375:
4368:
4359:
4355:
4351:
4347:
4343:
4339:
4335:
4331:
4326:
4322:
4318:
4314:
4308:
4304:
4300:
4296:
4295:
4289:
4286:
4281:
4277:
4273:
4269:
4265:
4261:
4257:
4253:
4249:
4244:
4243:
4239:
4237:
4226:
4222:
4218:
4214:
4210:
4206:
4202:
4197:
4193:
4189:
4185:
4181:
4177:
4173:
4172:Interventions
4169:
4164:
4160:
4156:
4152:
4148:
4144:
4140:
4136:
4131:
4130:
4126:
4110:
4106:
4099:
4083:
4079:
4073:
4071:
4069:
4067:
4065:
4063:
4058:
4048:
4047:Cape Republic
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4032:Carel Boshoff
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3999:
3995:
3984:
3977:
3975:
3974:
3969:
3965:
3960:
3958:
3954:
3950:
3946:
3942:
3938:
3934:
3929:
3927:
3923:
3919:
3902:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3832:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3762:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3692:
3648:
3636:
3634:
3630:
3629:common acacia
3626:
3622:
3618:
3614:
3613:buffalo-thorn
3610:
3606:
3602:
3598:
3593:
3591:
3587:
3583:
3574:
3565:
3563:
3559:
3555:
3551:
3547:
3545:
3541:
3536:
3532:
3528:
3524:
3508:
3502:
3493:
3491:
3489:
3479:
3470:
3461:
3452:
3446:
3440:
3433:
3429:
3425:
3421:
3414:
3410:
3405:
3402:
3401:
3395:
3392:
3389:
3386:
3383:
3380:
3377:
3374:
3371:
3370:
3366:
3363:
3360:
3357:
3354:
3351:
3348:
3347:
3343:
3340:
3337:
3334:
3331:
3328:
3325:
3322:
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12702:M Groenewald
12542:
12515:Niekerkshoop
12436:Renosterberg
12352:
12254:
12213:Orange River
12211:
12119:. Retrieved
12114:
12110:
12092:(2): 78–92.
12089:
12085:
12073:. Retrieved
12068:
12050:(1): 33–46.
12047:
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12018:
12014:
12002:. Retrieved
11998:the original
11993:
11990:Ethnoculture
11989:
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11524:The Guardian
11523:
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11501:. Retrieved
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11399:the original
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11287:Steyn, J.J.
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10738:the original
10734:Sunday Times
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10284:Millner 2008
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8844:Orania.co.za
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8359:(in Dutch).
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6666:The National
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6611:
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5724:. 8 May 2013
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5488:The Guardian
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5171:. IOL News.
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4560:. Retrieved
4553:
4506:. Retrieved
4500:
4490:
4478:. Retrieved
4474:the original
4442:. Retrieved
4438:
4429:
4417:. Retrieved
4408:
4383:
4377:
4367:
4357:
4337:
4333:
4293:
4283:
4255:
4251:
4208:
4204:
4175:
4171:
4142:
4138:
4125:
4114:29 September
4112:. Retrieved
4108:
4098:
4086:. Retrieved
4027:Kleinfontein
3971:
3968:Ade Adepitan
3961:
3948:
3936:
3930:
3925:
3921:
3918:anthropology
3915:
3632:
3624:
3616:
3608:
3600:
3597:common karee
3594:
3585:
3581:
3579:
3561:
3557:
3553:
3549:
3548:
3543:
3535:Radio Orania
3530:
3520:
3501:
3478:
3469:
3460:
3451:
3439:
3428:strata title
3419:
3413:
3349:Spoilt votes
3257:Ubuntu Party
2585:
2561:
2548:Xhosa people
2545:
2538:
2523:
2507:
2496:
2480:
2472:Desmond Tutu
2464:Dipuo Peters
2458:
2434:
2431:
2415:
2411:
2404:
2387:radiographer
2380:
2368:
2364:
2361:
2352:
2344:
2340:
2323:
2315:
2312:
2309:
2298:
2287:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2272:
2256:
2253:
2237:
2226:
2212:
2200:
2196:
2193:
2178:
2165:strata title
2161:
2148:
2145:
2137:
2132:
2126:
2115:
2112:
2105:
2088:
2084:
2081:Construction
2062:
2050:
2021:
1994:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1974:
1971:
1950:
1940:
1936:
1867:Demographics
1857:
1853:Bloemfontein
1846:
1837:
1835:
1823:
1814:
1812:
1803:
1801:
1777:Church Order
1764:
1758:
1754:
1742:
1726:Israel Visie
1699:
1682:Date of the
1659:Birthday of
1636:Language Day
1617:Date of the
1583:Stigtingsdag
1567:Date of the
1535:
1528:
1503:
1488:
1482:
1480:
1476:
1460:
1429:
1426:Jopie Fourie
1417:
1413:
1411:
1406:
1404:
1396:Afrikanerdom
1386:
1382:Carl Niehaus
1368:
1353:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1334:
1323:
1298:Solidariteit
1295:
1276:
1274:
1261:
1255:
1247:
1226:
1219:
1212:
1180:
1174:
1167:
1162:The National
1160:
1158:
1147:
1141:
1130:
1124:
1118:
1116:
1110:
1108:
1104:
1084:
1078:
1074:
1069:
1057:
1034:
1023:
1020:
1009:
998:
996:
984:
935:
932:
927:
923:
921:
916:
909:
882:
871:
841:
835:
831:
829:
816:
814:
791:
770:
768:
757:
739:Orange River
720:
703:
688:
679:
677:
668:
649:
637:sewage works
618:
583:
551:Orange River
538:
531:South Africa
510:
509:
341:Orange River
316:Municipality
285:South Africa
33:
12609:Norvalspont
12548:Strydenburg
12530:Thembelihle
12482:Griekwastad
12454:Vanderkloof
12449:Philipstown
12444:Petrusville
12421:Vanwyksvlei
12381:Deelfontein
12294:Petrusville
12289:Philipstown
12244:Strydenburg
11742:. Sunbird.
11721:. Penguin.
11350:Seldon 2014
11248:Seldon 2014
11219:11 February
11128:12 December
10528:Seldon 2014
10404:Norman 2017
10362:22 November
10269:10 February
10263:Archive.org
10106:Seldon 2014
10091:12 February
9945:"Leierskap"
9918:Norman 2017
9890:Orania Blog
9692:The Citizen
9594:Seldon 2014
9561:Norman 2017
9318:13 November
8982:Orania Blog
8875:10 February
8849:10 February
8807:10 February
8772:Ditsem Nuus
8701:Seldon 2014
8689:Seldon 2014
8677:Seldon 2014
8636:10 February
8613:Seldon 2014
8571:10 February
7783:10 February
7732:10 February
7670:The Sowetan
7567:The Citizen
7459:14 February
6895:10 February
6537:Drogin, Bob
6333:"Strategie"
6276:Orania Blog
6242:Orania Blog
6045:13 February
5894:The Sowetan
5526:10 February
5010:news.com.au
4936:(in French)
4634:22 February
4007:Eureka City
3605:white karee
3432:condominium
3420:share block
2610:in Orania.
2606:Summary of
2541:Thabo Mbeki
2478:(in 2010).
2470:(in 2009),
2466:(in 2004),
2319:Vanderkloof
2173:title deeds
2169:condominium
2039:Agriculture
1995:The Orania
1946:2011 census
1838:selfgedrewe
1671:16 December
1661:Paul Kruger
1656:Heroes' Day
1621:ending the
1594:arrives in
1571:ending the
1556:27 February
1505:also has a
1431:koeksisters
1390:hate speech
1360:Thembelihle
1138:Bill Keller
1111:The Citizen
1026:Valli Moosa
895:signed the
633:solar power
547:micronation
457:Postal code
327:Established
321:Thembelihle
266: /
86:Paul Kruger
51:Micronation
12848:Categories
12813:Louis Luyt
12727:Van Staden
12566:Hutchinson
12502:Siyathemba
12487:Plooysburg
12363:Emthanjeni
12121:31 January
12075:31 January
11937:11660/9277
11911:11427/9736
11851:1842/14194
11680:Borderline
11571:References
11378:2 February
11193:31 January
10947:5 November
10861:. News24.
10802:. News24.
10770:31 January
10453:Times Live
10432:31 January
10243:31 January
10158:Die Burger
10137:31 January
10081:Hartlander
9959:28 January
9900:28 January
9702:31 January
9611:Property24
9354:City Press
9333:Dicey 2007
9248:28 January
8992:4 February
8946:17 October
8900:31 January
8782:12 January
8752:6 February
8652:"Bloudruk"
8367:7 February
8232:31 January
8143:5 February
8133:Daily News
8088:Die Burger
7814:31 January
7757:31 January
7704:31 January
7676:31 January
7618:31 January
7597:31 January
7572:31 January
7546:31 January
7227:4 February
7187:4 February
7091:31 January
7025:Die Burger
6865:31 January
6834:31 January
6714:2 February
6694:"Pardon'd"
6632:3 February
6521:3 February
6343:31 January
6317:6 February
6286:6 February
6252:5 February
6161:31 January
6011:7 February
4555:Africanews
4340:(1): 114.
4285:property).
4211:(1): 114.
4088:10 January
3633:soetdoring
3590:Nama Karoo
3554:Volkstater
2489:, outside
2487:Eersterust
2476:Jacob Zuma
2299:City Press
2290:Cape Dutch
2283:Orania Wes
2275:Kleingeluk
2221:See also:
1942:Afrikaners
1842:e-learning
1769:presbytery
1734:Protestant
1688:Great Trek
1675:Geloftedag
1648:10 October
1564:Majuba Day
1531:Geloftedag
1523:Koeksister
1291:Dullstroom
1278:Die Burger
1037:Jacob Zuma
946:See also:
731:San people
656:Jacob Zuma
535:Afrikaners
383:Population
347:Government
12828:Volkstaat
12788:Afrikaner
12732:W Wessels
12604:Colesberg
12596:Umsobomvu
12464:Siyancuma
12416:Carnarvon
12408:Kareeberg
12371:Britstown
12285:Kraankuil
12035:0041-4751
11977:220273149
11833:5 January
11756:volkspele
11707:25 August
11629:216091875
11621:0305-7070
11560:Channel 4
11532:0261-3077
11405:5 January
11368:Netwerk24
11332:220273149
11274:2415-0479
11183:Voorgrond
11045:SABC News
10915:Iol.co.za
10843:5 January
10744:5 January
10651:9 January
10513:5 January
10458:9 October
10422:Netwerk24
10336:23 August
10308:23 August
10259:"Frans 2"
10132:0261-3077
10043:Voorgrond
9800:TimesLIVE
9743:Volksblad
9574:"Frans 1"
9419:Volksblad
9395:5 January
8452:Volksblad
8301:5 January
8288:Voorgrond
8222:Netwerk24
8057:Volksblad
7998:Volksblad
7873:Volksblad
7806:Channel.
7514:Netwerk24
7493:13 August
7364:Volksblad
7035:5 January
6885:Emich.edu
6881:"de Beer"
6808:23 August
6622:0362-4331
6516:0362-4331
6463:2 October
6307:Netwerk24
6218:23 August
6212:TimesLIVE
5841:6 January
5779:(3): 27.
5728:23 August
5700:23 August
5674:218601920
5294:Voorgrond
5077:TimesLIVE
4940:23 August
4933:Le Figaro
4892:23 August
4866:23 August
4860:SABC News
4838:23 August
4833:1059-1028
4802:23 August
4796:TimesLIVE
4774:23 August
4764:0140-0460
4755:The Times
4666:23 August
4629:0261-3077
4593:2 October
4562:2 October
4508:8 January
4470:TimesLIVE
4419:6 October
4354:0259-0190
4321:210732886
4280:144750398
4272:0305-7070
4225:0259-0190
4192:1369-801X
4159:1751-9020
4042:Volkstaat
3964:Channel 4
3959:in 2018.
3953:rightwing
3926:Volkstaat
3922:Volkstaat
3904:Source:
3568:Geography
3562:Voorgrond
3558:Volkstaat
2941:% (2019)
2931:% (2014)
2921:% (2009)
2911:% (2004)
2842:FREE DEMS
2602:over 1%.
2558:Elections
2342:tenants.
2279:Grootdorp
2118:earthship
2086:Company.
2053:pecan nut
1787:Education
1641:Afrikaans
1630:14 August
1596:Cape Town
1560:Majubadag
1484:volkspele
1422:Vierkleur
1302:AfriForum
1283:AfriForum
1262:Volkstaat
1215:Vice News
1204:Leon Louw
1099:SABC News
1075:Volkstaat
1045:far-right
936:Volkstaat
928:Volkstaat
924:Volkstaat
873:Volkstaat
858:Williston
854:Carnarvon
850:Britstown
842:Volkstaat
837:Volkstaat
798:bantustan
788:Volkstaat
746:Etymology
723:Stone Age
695:apartheid
606:Afrikaans
602:apartheid
598:Volkstaat
594:Afrikaner
586:Afrikaans
575:semi-arid
567:Cape Town
563:R369 road
527:Volkstaat
482:Area code
440:Time zone
430:Afrikaans
375:Elevation
336:Named for
12776:See also
12752:De Bruyn
12722:J Mulder
12717:C Mulder
12692:T Breedt
12614:Noupoort
12581:Richmond
12576:Merriman
12538:Hopetown
12510:Marydale
12472:Campbell
12266:Luckhoff
11894:51849119
11792:(2014).
11458:12 April
11452:Archived
11431:12 April
11425:Archived
11395:"Orania"
11372:Archived
11295:: 55–63.
11187:Archived
11096:Archived
11066:Archived
10895:31 March
10889:Archived
10863:Archived
10837:Archived
10833:IOL News
10804:Archived
10699:14 April
10693:Archived
10671:Archived
10622:Archived
10598:10 April
10592:Archived
10551:10 April
10545:Archived
10476:and the
10426:Archived
10383:Archived
10356:Archived
10212:Archived
10085:Archived
10047:Archived
9953:Archived
9894:Archived
9773:Archived
9696:Archived
9540:Archived
9389:Archived
9385:IOL News
9290:Archived
9239:Archived
9200:31 March
9194:Archived
9161:31 March
9155:Archived
9100:31 March
9094:Archived
9060:12 April
9026:11 April
9020:Archived
8986:Archived
8776:Archived
8746:Archived
8598:16 April
8592:Archived
8565:Archived
8539:Archived
8512:Archived
8423:Archived
8394:Archived
8361:Archived
8259:Archived
8226:Archived
8201:12 April
8195:Archived
8170:12 April
8137:Archived
8098:10 April
8067:10 April
8036:10 April
8030:Archived
8009:10 March
7940:31 March
7934:Archived
7839:10 March
7834:Telegram
7830:"Orania"
7808:Archived
7804:Fox News
7636:and the
7487:Archived
7453:Archived
7399:Archived
7337:Archived
7311:Archived
7287:10 April
7281:Archived
7255:Archived
7218:Archived
7178:Archived
7150:31 March
7144:Archived
7004:19 April
6965:Archived
6932:Archived
6774:Archived
6743:Archived
6708:Archived
6671:Archived
6626:Archived
6582:Archived
6551:Archived
6457:BBC News
6393:Archived
6311:Archived
6246:Archived
6179:and the
6101:Archived
6065:Archived
6036:Archived
6005:Archived
5975:18 April
5969:Archived
5944:31 March
5938:Archived
5898:Archived
5835:Archived
5568:Archived
5492:Archived
5298:Archived
5234:ABC News
5215:Archived
5197:(2008).
5179:12 April
5173:Archived
5152:12 April
5146:Archived
5116:12 April
5110:Archived
5105:BBC News
5083:10 March
5055:10 April
5049:Archived
4727:12 April
4721:Archived
4716:BBC News
4694:Archived
4480:14 April
4413:Archived
4409:BBC News
4379:ABC News
4082:Archived
4017:Homeland
3980:See also
3945:France Ô
3609:witkaree
3550:Dorpnuus
2889:Source:
2865:ActionSA
2534:baasskap
2503:Mnyameni
2491:Pretoria
2427:Hopetown
2416:de facto
2017:vouchers
1909:+3600.0%
1761:Hopetown
1696:Religion
1652:Heldedag
1495:skaapkop
1436:Boer War
1065:Eswatini
891:and the
862:Calvinia
775:Coloured
684:baasskap
666:people.
571:Pretoria
540:de facto
529:town in
459:(street)
304:District
292:Province
84:Bust of
12758:Du Toit
12687:Boshoff
12520:Prieska
12477:Douglas
12426:Vosburg
12386:Hanover
12219:Belmont
12160:YouTube
12117:: 55–63
12004:4 April
11760:jukskei
11479:YouTube
11165:Twitter
11159:6 April
11102:6 April
11072:6 April
10488:YouTube
10389:6 April
10218:1 April
10168:4 April
10053:5 April
9779:2 April
9723:YouTube
9671:6 April
9640:4 April
9546:5 April
9516:5 April
9486:1 April
9459:1 April
9429:7 April
9364:2 April
9127:2 April
8662:6 April
8545:7 April
8518:7 April
8492:7 April
8462:7 April
8429:7 April
8400:1 April
8336:15 June
8265:2 March
7884:5 April
7648:YouTube
7520:13 June
7431:4 April
7405:25 June
7374:4 April
7343:6 April
7317:6 April
7261:4 April
7116:Twitter
7065:5 April
6971:4 April
6938:4 April
6780:31 July
6749:4 April
6699:Witness
6677:4 April
6588:4 April
6557:4 April
6435:4 April
6399:4 April
6364:YouTube
6191:YouTube
6133:1 April
6071:7 April
5965:Le Soir
5791:25 June
5607:25 June
5574:4 April
5498:1 April
5304:4 April
5267:Alt URL
4109:Twitter
3955:pundit
3935:titled
3824:(64.6)
3819:(59.7)
3814:(56.5)
3809:(50.2)
3804:(43.7)
3799:(41.0)
3794:(41.7)
3789:(49.3)
3784:(54.1)
3779:(62.2)
3774:(65.5)
3769:(67.1)
3759:(70.5)
3749:(82.8)
3744:(79.0)
3739:(74.1)
3734:(65.8)
3729:(60.1)
3724:(59.7)
3719:(67.8)
3714:(72.9)
3709:(82.0)
3704:(84.4)
3699:(86.7)
3639:Climate
3384:100.00%
3378:100.00%
3003:11.01%
2972:79.40%
2934:Votes (
2924:Votes (
2914:Votes (
2904:Votes (
2678:Hope4SA
2592:FF Plus
1960:General
1955:Economy
1931:+166.5%
1633:Taaldag
1579:6 April
1490:jukskei
1470:of the
1401:Culture
1371:Gauteng
1320:in 2000
1287:Clarens
1169:Witness
1061:Lesotho
917:Orandeë
846:Prieska
712:History
590:culture
553:in the
522:) is a
498:.orania
491:Website
280:Country
254:24°24′E
251:29°49′S
12818:Orania
12697:Denner
12571:Loxton
12558:Ubuntu
12543:Orania
12376:De Aar
12354:De Aar
12255:Orania
12033:
11975:
11892:
11802:
11778:
11746:
11725:
11686:
11646:
11627:
11619:
11588:
11537:29 May
11530:
11503:20 May
11330:
11272:
10920:4 June
10130:
9805:27 May
7977:20 May
6620:
6514:
6107:20 May
5694:News24
5672:
5444:5 June
5419:5 June
5394:5 June
5354:5 June
5329:5 June
5207:
5044:News24
5016:20 May
4988:5 June
4831:
4762:
4627:
4444:5 June
4352:
4334:Kronos
4319:
4309:
4278:
4270:
4223:
4205:Kronos
4190:
4157:
3937:Orania
3899:(7.5)
3894:(1.0)
3889:(0.5)
3884:(0.4)
3879:(0.1)
3874:(0.1)
3869:(0.2)
3864:(0.4)
3859:(0.2)
3854:(0.8)
3849:(0.9)
3844:(1.6)
3839:(1.3)
3650:Month
3627:) and
3625:witgat
3422:under
3367:0.00%
3344:0.18%
3313:0.36%
3251:2.13%
3096:1.41%
3065:0.53%
3034:1.24%
2997:15.12%
2966:76.89%
2960:86.73%
2954:84.95%
2901:Party
2880:Total
2670:11.15
2662:22.16
2647:13.78
2639:65.62
2618:Votes
2615:Party
2571:, and
2207:Telkom
2071:small-
1978:permit
1920:+85.4%
1826:matric
1808:matric
1603:31 May
1358:, the
887:, the
771:oranje
664:Tswana
511:Orania
470:PO box
423:(2011)
228:Orania
198:Orania
168:Orania
43:Orania
12879:Karoo
11973:S2CID
11890:S2CID
11827:(PDF)
11820:(PDF)
11625:S2CID
11328:S2CID
11149:Tweet
10999:8 May
10973:3 May
10869:8 May
10810:3 May
10641:Beeld
9661:Beeld
9506:Beeld
9449:Beeld
9242:(PDF)
9231:(PDF)
9050:Beeld
8840:(PDF)
8482:Beeld
8330:(PDF)
8323:(PDF)
8295:(PDF)
8284:(PDF)
7723:(PDF)
7221:(PDF)
7210:(PDF)
7181:(PDF)
7170:(PDF)
7112:Tweet
6993:Beeld
6706:(1).
6039:(PDF)
6032:(PDF)
5901:(PDF)
5890:(PDF)
5670:S2CID
5517:(PDF)
5262:(PDF)
4824:Wired
4690:Beeld
4317:S2CID
4276:S2CID
4145:(7).
4053:Notes
3829:(52)
3754:(86)
3689:Year
3601:karee
3540:Mikro
3517:Media
3403:Notes
3396:100%
3372:Total
3361:0.71%
3355:1.08%
3276:0.69%
3245:1.37%
3220:3.73
3214:1.37%
3171:0.54%
3140:1.08%
3109:1.61%
3090:0.34%
3084:1.07%
3059:1.72%
3053:1.07%
3047:1.61%
3028:2.41%
3022:1.07%
3016:1.61%
2991:9.31%
2985:8.60%
2872:0.17
2857:0.17
2849:0.17
2834:3.36
2826:0.17
2811:0.17
2803:0.17
2788:0.35
2780:0.35
2762:0.35
2744:0.52
2726:0.70
2711:1.72
2703:2.96
2685:6.63
2499:Xhosa
2203:Eskom
2141:Eskom
1928:2,377
1925:2021
1914:2011
1903:2001
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